652:, has led to much further debate. The play was given for the queen in 1562, and later published. Stephen Alford argues that it is a generalised "succession text", with themes of bad counsel and civil war. From the point of view of Elizabethan and Jacobean literary criticism, it has been argued that it is significant to know when the succession was "live" as an issue of public concern, right into the reign of James I, and in what form drama, in particular, might be expressing comment on it. In particular, Hopkins points out that
582:
150:
33:
736:
716:(1597), in a way now seen as heavy-handed dabbling in politics. In it, imaginary letters in couplets are exchanged by paired historical characters. Hopkins sees the work as a "genealogical chain" leading up to the succession issue, and points out the detailed discussion of the Yorkist claim, in the annotations to the epistles between
283:. At the period when Margaret Stanley might have been considered a succession candidate, her name was usually "Margaret Strange", based on her husband's courtesy title of Lord Strange. Her Catholic support was drawn off by the Stuart claim. Just before his death in 1593, however, the claim of her husband
74:
in any form, presumably because she feared for her own life once a successor was named. She was also concerned with
England forming a productive relationship with Scotland, whose Catholic and Presbyterian strongholds were resistant to female leadership. Catholic women who would be submissive to the
386:
Setting aside the will would have, in fact, threatened the prospects of James VI, by opening up a fresh legal front. It indeed specified the preference for descendants of Mary, rather than
Margaret. However, in its absence, the matter of the succession could not be handled as an issue under statute
382:
was the third such act of the reign of Henry VIII. It endorsed the provisions of Henry's last will (whatever they were) in assigning the order of succession, after
Elizabeth's death. It in consequence supported in parliamentary terms the succession claims of Lady Catherine Grey, Protestant and born
261:; the younger was named Thomas. The "Beauchamp claim" was more insistently kept up by Thomas, relying on a defence against the ruling of illegitimacy available to him, but not to his elder brother. He died in 1600. Rumours after Elizabeth's death showed that the Beauchamp claim was not forgotten.
196:
James VI's mother, Mary, Queen of Scots, was considered a plausible successor to the
English throne. At the beginning of Elizabeth's reign she sent ambassadors to England when a parliament was summoned, anticipating a role for parliament in settling the succession in her favour. Mary was a Roman
52:. While the accession of James went smoothly, the succession had been the subject of much debate for decades. In some scholarly views, it was a major political factor of the entire reign, even if not so voiced. Separate aspects have acquired their own nomenclature: the "Norfolk conspiracy",
169:, nominated by parliament. Margaret Douglas was a daughter of Margaret Tudor, and lived to 1578, but became a marginal figure in discussions of the succession to Elizabeth I, who at no point clarified the dynastic issues of the Tudor line. When in 1565 Margaret Douglas's elder son
817:
Of these supposed claimants, Thomas
Seymour and Charles Neville died in 1600. None of the Iberian claims came to anything. The Duke of Parma was the subject of the same speculations as the Duke of Savoy; but he married in 1600. Arbella Stuart was in the care of
603:
The arguments naturally changed after Queen Mary's execution. It has been noted that
Protestant supporters of James VI took over debating points previously used by her supporters; while Catholics employed some arguments that had been employed by Protestants.
410:
having wide powers if the Queen died without an heir, but he did not put it forward. Parliament petitioned the Queen to name her successor, but she did not do so. A Bill was passed by
Parliament in 1572, but the Queen refused her assent. In the early 1590s,
394:
There was no comparable Act of
Parliament in Elizabeth's time. She did not follow the precedent set by her father in allowing parliamentary debate on the subject of the succession but instead actively tried to close it down throughout her reign.
488:, Lady Catherine Grey's uncle and guardian, who tried to make the case that she was the royal heir at an early point in Elizabeth's reign, incurring the Queen's wrath. This manuscript brought to bear on the question the old statute
492:. It was influential in the following debate, but the interpretation of the statute became important. It also caused a furore, and allegations of a plot. Hales could only be brought to say that he had shown a draft to John Grey,
633:
might be a decisive influence. The circumstance reflected badly on Essex with the Queen. It also sought to undermine
Burghley by suggesting he was a partisan of Arbella Stuart, and dealt acutely with the Lancaster/York issues.
205:, making her position a political problem for the English government, eventually resolved by judicial means. She was executed in 1587. In that year, Mary's son James reached the age of twenty-one, while Arbella was only twelve.
743:
The
Doleman tract of 1594 suggested one resolution to the succession issue: the Suffolk claimant William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby should marry the Infanta of Spain, and succeed. Stanley, however, married the following year.
556:
and the actual wills left by Henry VIII. Elizabeth would not accept the implied degree of parliamentary control of the succession. Further discussion of the succession was prohibited by statute, from 1571. A related work, by
256:
after Catherine became pregnant. There were two sons of the marriage, but both were decided by the established Church of England to be illegitimate. After Catherine's death in 1568, Seymour was released. The elder boy became
805:
These six may have all been taken as the Catholic candidates (Percy was not in fact a Catholic, though from a Catholic family). Wilson at the time of writing (about 1601) had been working on intelligence matters for
383:
in England, over those of Mary, Queen of Scots. Further, it meant that the Stuart claimants were disadvantaged, compared to the Suffolk claimants, though James VI was descended from the older daughter of Henry VII.
625:. This work made an apparent effort to discuss candidates equitably, including the Infanta of Spain, Isabella Clara Eugenia. It was taken by some in England to imply that Elizabeth's death could lead to
441:
until 1581. In that year, Parliament passed the Act against Seditious Words and Rumours Uttered against the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty. The publication of books deemed seditious became a
338:, brother-in-law to Hastings, was pushing the Queen in March 1560 to make Hastings her successor, against his wishes. There were also some pretensions from his relations in the Pole family.
213:
While the Stuart line of James and Arbella would have had political support, by 1600 the descendants of Mary Tudor were theoretically relevant, and on legal grounds could not be discounted.
484:
wrote a speech to give in the House of Commons in 1563; he was a partisan of the Earl of Hertford, in right of his wife, the former Lady Catherine Grey. It was related to the efforts of
126:. There were different opinions about the application of these documents. Political, religious and military matters came to predominate later in Elizabeth's reign, in the context of the
748:, son-in-law of Philip II of Spain, became a widower in 1597. Catholic opinion suggested he might marry a female claimant, Lady Anne Stanley (the Earl's niece), if not Arbella Stuart.
758:
that there were 12 "competitors" for the succession. His counting included two Stuarts (James and Arbella), three of the Suffolks (two Beauchamp claimants and the Earl of Derby), and
667:
The term "succession play" is now widely applied to dramas of the period that relate to a royal succession. Plays mentioned in this way include, among other works by Shakespeare,
322:, could make a claim only based on the idea that Henry VII was a usurper, rather than a legitimate king, but he had some supporters, ahead of the Tudor, Stuart and Suffolk lines.
617:
591:
497:
732:
Theories on the putative succession had to be revised constantly from the later 1590s. The speculations were wide, and the cast of characters changed their status.
448:
Much of the writing was therefore anonymous; in manuscript form or, in the case of Catholic arguments, smuggled into the country. Some was published in Scotland.
429:
Discussion of the succession was strongly discouraged and became dangerous, but it was not entirely suppressed. During the last two decades of the century, the
2539:
2506:
2473:
2363:
1594:
1182:
1146:
17:
358:, was revived in the context of the Elizabethan succession, after seven generations. John of Gaunt's eldest daughter having married into the Portuguese
621:, by R. Doleman (comprising perhaps co-authors, 1595), was against the claim of James VI. It cited Highington's arguments, against those of Hales and
2457:
Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reigns of Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth, 1547–1580: Elizabeth 1601–1603; with addenda, 1547–1565
835:
512:. What Hales was doing was quite complex, using legal arguments to rule out Scottish claimants, and also relying on research abroad by
437:, who published on the closely related issue of the queen's marriage, avoided execution in 1579 but had a hand cut off and was in the
863:
189:, the most serious other contender by the late 16th century, was the daughter of Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox's younger son
766:
218:
461:
A number of treatises, or "succession tracts", circulated. Out of a large literature on the question, the 19th century librarian
772:
759:
721:
686:
319:
221:, both had children who were in the line of succession. Frances and Eleanor were Mary Tudor's daughters by her second husband,
565:(supposed), for Mary, Queen of Scots, was another printing of Lesley's work, in 1571. Lesley's arguments in fact went back to
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2345:
2318:
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2237:
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2156:
2129:
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1826:
1811:
1784:
1757:
1680:
1636:
1576:
1549:
1522:
1495:
1468:
1441:
1348:
1314:
1281:
1224:
1128:
1085:
1058:
955:
424:
303:
276:
1841:
Clegg, Cyndia Susan (1997). "'By the Choise and Inuitation of al the Realme': Richard II and Elizabethan Press Censorship".
2581:
807:
473:); and it to a large extent set the terms of the later debate. The other four developed the cases for Catholic successors.
335:
323:
249:
222:
166:
501:
366:. The legitimacy of Isabella's claim was seriously put forward, on the Catholic side of the argument. A reason given for
272:
245:
106:
2586:
630:
280:
258:
190:
989:'The Paradox of the Valentine Thomas Affair: English Diplomacy, Royal Correspondence and the Elizabethan Succession',
2411:
2005:
1922:
1731:
1656:
1028:
896:
791:
745:
517:
403:
327:
326:, a survivor of the Plantagenets, was his great-grandmother (on his mother's side), and her paternal grandfather was
127:
57:
1887:
553:
455:
379:
284:
214:
485:
415:
attempted to bring up the question again, but debate was shut down sharply. The matter surfaced mainly in drama.
226:
1651:
Wilson, Derek (1981): Sweet Robin: A Biography of Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester 1533–1588, Hamish Hamilton,
552:(1569) had its London printing prevented by Lord Burghley. It raised, in particular, the tensions between the
751:
558:
288:
681:
1881:
85:, had named one male and seven females living at his death in 1547 as the line of succession: (1) his son
450:
143:
1258:
1705:
664:, both relating to legitimacy and dynastic politics, were written in the early years of James's reign.
462:
170:
781:
334:, on whose accounts the early intrigues round the succession have been reconstructed, considered that
622:
493:
1418:
570:
430:
407:
399:
explicitly challenged her position on the matter in questions put to the House of Commons in 1566.
292:
112:
A number of authorities considered that the legal position hinged on documents such as the statute
1715:
648:(1561) has often been seen as a contribution to the succession debate. This view, as expounded by
271:
The family of Eleanor Clifford was more often talked of in relation to the succession. A daughter
1997:
1991:
785:
513:
1974:
1306:
1914:
1434:
Breaking the Silence on the Succession: A sourcebook of manuscripts and rare texts, c.1587–1603
1020:
520:, was involved in the investigation, but was not imprisoned; Hales was. He spent a year in the
481:
363:
48:
was an open question from her accession in 1558 to her death in 1603, when the crown passed to
2308:
2281:
2254:
2200:
1747:
1626:
1566:
1539:
1512:
1485:
1458:
1338:
1075:
331:
2455:
2428:
2335:
2227:
2146:
2092:
1801:
1774:
1670:
1271:
945:
917:
892:
871:
702:
697:
586:
391:, the question of how James, an alien, could inherit could be raised in a more serious form.
347:
2173:
2119:
1411:
1214:
1118:
1048:
298:
Ferdinando's position in the succession then led to his being approached in the superficial
2576:
367:
174:
78:
49:
458:, devoted much of its space to arguing for the succession rights of Mary, Queen of Scots.
8:
796:
234:
114:
98:
71:
2094:
The Early Elizabethan Polity: William Cecil and the British Succession Crisis, 1558–1569
1709:
2073:
2038:
1955:
1907:
1858:
1392:
1384:
1299:
1013:
859:
123:
1880:
197:
Catholic, and her proximity to the succession was a factor in plotting, including the
2434:
2407:
2341:
2314:
2287:
2260:
2256:
The Age of Milton: An Encyclopedia of Major 17th-Century British and American Authors
2233:
2206:
2179:
2152:
2125:
2098:
2001:
1918:
1807:
1780:
1753:
1676:
1652:
1632:
1572:
1545:
1518:
1491:
1464:
1437:
1396:
1344:
1310:
1277:
1220:
1124:
1081:
1054:
1024:
951:
823:
776:
717:
691:
370:
was that the Infanta's claim had gained traction with Elizabeth and her counsellors.
314:
There was some interest early in the reign of Queen Elizabeth in a claimant from the
198:
177:, the "Lennox claim" was generally regarded as consolidated into the "Stuart claim".
162:
149:
90:
53:
2544:
2511:
2478:
2368:
2065:
2030:
1947:
1850:
1599:
1376:
1187:
1151:
995:
819:
811:
465:
picked five of the tracts that were major contributions. That by Hales reflected a
454:(1584), for example, an illegally circulated tract attacking the queen's favourite
61:
2556:
2523:
2490:
2380:
1611:
1242:
The Puritan Earl: The Life of Henry Hastings, Third Earl of Huntingdon (1536–1595)
1199:
1163:
976:
Doubtful and dangerous: The question of the succession in late Elizabethan England
516:
to reopen the matter of the Hertford marriage. Francis Newdigate, who had married
306:, played a part in the legalistic and hypothetical discussions of the succession.
709:
644:
581:
562:
525:
438:
412:
253:
2056:
Berg, James Emmanuel (2000). "'Gorboduc' as a Tragic Discovery of 'Feudalism'".
2548:
2482:
2399:
2372:
1603:
1191:
1155:
675:
612:
596:
566:
433:
was active against pamphlets and privately circulated literature on the topic.
396:
238:
230:
202:
186:
139:
102:
37:
1380:
870:. The Portuguese royal family, who was descended from Gaunt's eldest daughter
2570:
2515:
1711:
The Life of Sir Walter Ralegh: Together with His Letters: Now First Collected
913:
909:
888:
884:
867:
855:
505:
359:
355:
351:
315:
1624:
1541:
Classical Humanism and Republicanism in English Political Thought, 1570–1640
241:(1545–1578). Of these, the two youngest lived into Queen Elizabeth's reign.
165:
had died without managing to have her preferred successor and first cousin,
695:
as an atypical case. Another, later play that might be read in this way is
550:
A defence of the honour of the right high, mightye and noble Princess Marie
529:
521:
299:
265:
248:, a political match, was annulled, and there were no children. She married
999:
36:
Allegorical painting of the crown passing from Elizabeth I to James I, by
32:
1902:
1364:
971:
649:
545:
434:
45:
735:
268:, and had no sons. She completely lacked interest in royal pretensions.
2077:
2042:
1876:
1862:
1388:
762:, younger brother of the 3rd Earl mentioned above. The other six were:
470:
388:
119:
82:
1959:
988:
970:
Alexander Courtney, 'The Secret Correspondence of James VI, 1601-3',
660:
626:
94:
86:
2069:
2034:
1854:
2453:
1951:
138:
Descent from the two daughters of Henry VII who reached adulthood,
1976:
A Conference about the Next Succession of the Crown of Ingland ...
939:
937:
883:
Another potential Lancastrian claimant, he had senior descent by
654:
466:
1625:
R. O. Bucholz; Robert O. Bucholz; Joseph P. Ward (9 July 2012).
1568:
Spenser's Legal Language: Law and Poetry in Early Modern England
1413:
Constitutional Documents of the Reign of James I, A.D. 1603–1625
934:
669:
442:
252:
covertly in 1560. The couple were separately imprisoned in the
2283:
Sonnet Sequences and Social Distinction in Renaissance England
2460:. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts. p. 60.
585:
Title page from 1703, English translation of a Latin work of
185:
James VI was the son of two grandchildren of Margaret Tudor.
1803:
Religion, Politics, and Society in Sixteenth-Century England
618:
Conference about the next Succession to the Crown of England
592:
Conference about the next Succession to the Crown of England
496:, the other member of parliament for the same borough, and
1938:
Shupack, Paul M. (1997). "Natural Justice and King Lear".
1102:
The Watchers: A Secret History of the Reign of Elizabeth I
354:, would claim the throne and so overturn the principle of
341:
75:
Pope and not to English constitutional law were rejected.
1749:
Aliens in Medieval Law: The Origins of Modern Citizenship
2426:
1734:
Hales, John I (d. 1572), of Coventry, Warws. and London.
1257:(Great Britain), Third Series, Volume 8 (1914), p. 128;
1010:
943:
611:, in favour of the line through the House of Portugal.
27:
Political controversy in Elizabethan England (1558–1603)
1077:
Leicester and the Court: Essays on Elizabethan Politics
67:
The topics of debate remained obscured by uncertainty.
826:, whose second wife Elizabeth was one of his sisters.
2021:
Dutton, Richard (1998). "Shakespeare and Lancaster".
1431:
1367:(1970). "Robert Dudley and the Inner Temple Revels".
727:
1776:
The Early Elizabethan Succession Question, 1558–1568
1672:
The Early Elizabethan Succession Question, 1558–1568
1216:
The Early Elizabethan Succession Question, 1558–1568
1050:
The Early Elizabethan Succession Question, 1558–1568
607:
A significant step was taken in Robert Highington's
535:
153:
Partial explanation of the descendants of Mary Tudor
2310:
The Concise Cambridge History of English Literature
2286:. Cambridge University Press. p. 226 note 20.
2144:
362:, one of his descendants was the Infanta of Spain,
146:, was the first and main issue in the succession.
2279:
1906:
1410:
1298:
1012:
264:Lady Mary Grey married, without royal permission,
133:
724:(thought in Drayton's time to have been lovers).
508:called Hales's arrest and the subsequent row the
44:The succession to the childless queen of England
2568:
2430:James VI and I: Ideas, Authority, and Government
1628:London: A Social and Cultural History, 1550–1750
947:James VI and I: Ideas, Authority, and Government
302:to seize power, in September 1593. His daughter
2504:Marshall, Rosalind K. "Stuart, Lady Arabella".
2337:Drama and the Succession to the Crown 1561–1633
2198:
2175:Drama and the Succession to the Crown 1561–1633
2121:Drama and the Succession to the Crown 1561–1633
2097:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 99–100.
1829:Newdigate, Francis (1519–82), of Hanworth, Mdx.
1772:
1668:
1537:
1273:Drama and the Succession to the Crown 1561–1633
1212:
1120:Drama and the Succession to the Crown 1561–1633
1046:
109:. By 1596, Elizabeth had outlived all of them.
2537:Sheils, William Joseph. "Knightley, Richard".
2398:
2306:
2225:
2090:
1972:
1891:. Vol. 45. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1704:
1564:
1483:
1042:
1040:
2232:. Northwestern University Press. p. 75.
1799:
1456:
1340:Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy
2543:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2510:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2477:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2454:Great Britain. Public Record Office (1870).
2404:The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Faith in 1605
2367:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2333:
2171:
2117:
2058:SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900
1993:Robert, Earl of Essex: An Elizabethan Icarus
1989:
1745:
1598:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1336:
1269:
1255:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
1239:
1186:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1150:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1116:
1080:. Manchester University Press. p. 105.
1015:Historical Studies of the English Parliament
895:. He was illegitimate, however, placing the
836:Alternative successions of the English crown
788:, via John of Gaunt; and with related claims
2327:
2313:. Cambridge University Press. p. 165.
1752:. Cambridge University Press. p. 161.
1631:. Cambridge University Press. p. 167.
1544:. Cambridge University Press. p. 105.
1296:
1175:
1173:
1073:
1037:
469:view (it has been taken to be derived from
244:Catherine's first marriage to the youthful
2340:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 76–7.
2252:
1806:. Cambridge University Press. p. 47.
1793:
1766:
908:Farnese's claim would be made by standard
346:The major political issue of the reign of
2394:
2392:
2390:
1779:. Stanford University Press. p. 71.
1675:. Stanford University Press. p. 62.
1123:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 4–5.
1112:
1110:
548:wrote on behalf of Mary, Queen of Scots.
528:, and for the rest of his life was under
373:
2406:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 7.
2124:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 7–.
1510:
1490:. Oxford University Press. p. 243.
1305:. University of Illinois Press. p.
1219:. Stanford University Press. p. 7.
1170:
1053:. Stanford University Press. p. 9.
854:Westmorland's claim would be based upon
767:Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland
734:
580:
219:Eleanor Clifford, Countess of Cumberland
148:
56:'s "Elizabethan exclusion crisis", the "
31:
2540:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2507:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2474:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2433:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 30.
2364:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1937:
1595:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1183:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1147:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
950:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 25.
916:, through the latter's eldest daughter
773:Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland
760:George Hastings, 4th Earl of Huntingdon
722:William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk
342:Lancastrian claim through John of Gaunt
14:
2569:
2387:
2178:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 7.
2020:
1727:
1725:
1276:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. x.
1107:
756:The State of England, Anno Domini 1600
500:, who had been one of the members for
320:Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon
2145:William Shakespeare (20 March 2006).
1996:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p.
1940:Cardozo Studies in Law and Literature
1901:
1840:
1834:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1517:. Cavendish Publishing. p. 193.
1363:
425:List of Elizabethan succession tracts
304:Anne Stanley, Countess of Castlehaven
277:Ferdinando Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby
70:Elizabeth I avoided establishing the
2503:
2055:
1913:. Royal Historical Society. p.
1538:Markku Peltonen (16 December 2004).
1487:The Later Tudors: England, 1547–1603
1180:Brinson, David. "Hesketh, Richard".
822:, and Edward Seymour in the care of
739:Anne Stanley in genealogical context
576:
418:
324:Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury
250:Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford
223:Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk
208:
167:Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox
18:Succession to Elizabeth I of England
2280:Christopher Warley (28 July 2005).
2205:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 181.
1875:
1722:
1457:Peter Ackroyd (13 September 2012).
1432:Jean-Christophe Mayer, ed. (2003).
1179:
1011:E. B. Fryde; Edward Miller (1970).
685:through allegory and the figure of
637:
309:
273:Margaret Stanley, Countess of Derby
246:Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke
180:
24:
2536:
2470:
2199:Maurice A. Hunt (16 August 2011).
1773:Mortimer Levine (1 January 1966).
1689:
1669:Mortimer Levine (1 January 1966).
1213:Mortimer Levine (1 January 1966).
1047:Mortimer Levine (1 January 1966).
728:Position at the end of the century
631:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
476:
281:William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby
259:Edward Seymour, Viscount Beauchamp
191:Charles Stuart, 1st Earl of Lennox
25:
2598:
2427:Ralph Anthony Houlbrooke (2006).
2151:. A&C Black. pp. 39–40.
1591:
1337:James Panton (24 February 2011).
1144:Doran, Susan. "Keys, Lady Mary".
1143:
944:Ralph Anthony Houlbrooke (2006).
792:Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma
746:Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy
536:The case for a Catholic successor
518:Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset
2471:Kelsey, Sean. "Wilson, Thomas".
2360:
1888:Dictionary of National Biography
1746:Keechang Kim (7 December 2000).
1592:Mears, Natalie. "Stubbe, John".
1514:Constitutional History of the UK
1343:. Scarecrow Press. p. 465.
599:on the succession to Elizabeth I
554:Succession to the Crown Act 1543
456:Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester
380:Succession to the Crown Act 1543
285:Henry Stanley, 4th Earl of Derby
229:, and they had three daughters,
215:Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk
2530:
2497:
2464:
2447:
2420:
2354:
2300:
2273:
2246:
2219:
2192:
2165:
2138:
2111:
2091:Stephen Alford (20 June 2002).
2084:
2049:
2014:
1983:
1966:
1931:
1895:
1869:
1827:historyofparliamentonline.org,
1820:
1739:
1732:historyofparliamentonline.org,
1662:
1645:
1618:
1585:
1558:
1531:
1504:
1477:
1450:
1425:
1403:
1357:
1330:
1290:
1263:
1248:
1233:
1206:
902:
877:
848:
540:
227:Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk
157:
134:Cognatic descent from Henry VII
2361:Dunn, Diana E. S. "Margaret".
1463:. Pan Macmillan. p. 316.
1460:Tudors: The History of England
1436:. Astræa Texts. pp. 4–5.
1137:
1094:
1067:
1004:
981:
964:
406:drafted a bill envisaging the
350:, that his uncle, the magnate
13:
1:
2202:Shakespeare's Speculative Art
1417:. CUP Archive. 1961. p.
1301:Elizabeth I: Ruler and Legend
927:
712:alluded to the succession in
569:, and had been simplified by
2557:UK public library membership
2524:UK public library membership
2491:UK public library membership
2381:UK public library membership
2334:Lisa Hopkins (28 May 2013).
2253:Alan Hager (30 March 2004).
2172:Lisa Hopkins (28 May 2013).
2118:Lisa Hopkins (28 May 2013).
1612:UK public library membership
1270:Lisa Hopkins (28 May 2013).
1244:. Macmillan. pp. 143–4.
1200:UK public library membership
1164:UK public library membership
1117:Lisa Hopkins (28 May 2013).
1074:Simon Adams (January 2002).
866:, second eldest daughter of
387:law. If it were left to the
7:
2582:Heirs to the English throne
978:(Manchester, 2014), p. 136.
874:, would have to be ignored.
829:
714:Englands Heroicall Epistles
629:. A preface suggested that
10:
2603:
1571:. DS Brewer. p. 225.
609:Treatise on the Succession
422:
171:Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
2587:Succession to Elizabeth I
2259:. ABC-CLIO. p. 141.
1381:10.1017/S0018246X00009237
682:A Midsummer Night's Dream
1882:"Philipps, Morgan"
1104:(Penguin, 2013), p. 169.
993:, 38:1 (2021), pp. 65-87
862:. He was descended from
841:
451:Leicester's Commonwealth
275:lived to have two sons,
2307:George Sampson (1970).
2226:Mary Beth Rose (1990).
1973:Robert Parsons (1594).
1565:Andrew Zurcher (2007).
1484:Penry Williams (1998).
1019:. CUP Archive. p.
786:Henry, King of Portugal
782:António, Prior of Crato
330:. The Spanish diplomat
93:, (3) Elizabeth I, (4)
81:of Elizabeth's father,
2549:10.1093/ref:odnb/15744
2483:10.1093/ref:odnb/29690
2373:10.1093/ref:odnb/18049
2229:Disorder and the Drama
1909:The Queen's Two Bodies
1800:Ian W. Archer (2003).
1604:10.1093/ref:odnb/26736
1369:The Historical Journal
1192:10.1093/ref:odnb/13126
1156:10.1093/ref:odnb/15503
740:
600:
374:Succession Act of 1543
364:Isabella Clara Eugenia
287:was being promoted by
154:
41:
2023:Shakespeare Quarterly
1990:Robert Lacey (1971).
1843:Shakespeare Quarterly
1240:Claire Cross (1966).
1000:10.1353/pgn.2021.0004
974:& Paulina Kewes,
893:Philippa of Lancaster
801:The Infanta of Spain.
738:
584:
423:Further information:
348:Richard II of England
328:Richard, Duke of York
152:
58:Secret Correspondence
35:
2516:10.1093/ref:odnb/601
2148:Hamlet: Third Series
1421:. GGKEY:H4D5R61RT8L.
1297:Clark Hulse (2003).
1033:. GGKEY:5WXSWPX4YR7.
987:Elizabeth Tunstall,
175:Mary, Queen of Scots
50:James VI of Scotland
797:Philip III of Spain
510:Tempestas Halesiana
490:De natis ultra mare
332:Álvaro de la Quadra
289:Sir William Stanley
235:Lady Catherine Grey
115:De natis ultra mare
72:order of succession
860:House of Lancaster
754:wrote in a report
741:
623:Sir Nicholas Bacon
601:
561:(as supposed), or
225:. Frances married
155:
124:will of Henry VIII
42:
2555:(Subscription or
2522:(Subscription or
2489:(Subscription or
2440:978-0-7546-5410-0
2379:(Subscription or
2347:978-1-4094-7861-4
2320:978-0-521-09581-5
2293:978-0-521-84254-9
2266:978-0-313-05259-0
2239:978-0-8101-0684-0
2212:978-0-230-35938-3
2185:978-1-4094-7861-4
2158:978-1-904271-33-8
2131:978-1-4094-7861-4
2104:978-0-521-89285-8
1813:978-0-521-81867-4
1786:978-0-8047-0299-7
1759:978-0-521-80085-3
1682:978-0-8047-0299-7
1638:978-0-521-89652-8
1610:(Subscription or
1578:978-1-84384-133-3
1551:978-0-521-61716-1
1524:978-1-85941-746-1
1511:Ann Lyon (2003).
1497:978-0-19-288044-4
1470:978-0-230-76752-2
1443:978-2-84269-566-8
1350:978-0-8108-7497-8
1316:978-0-252-07161-4
1283:978-1-4094-7861-4
1226:978-0-8047-0299-7
1198:(Subscription or
1162:(Subscription or
1130:978-1-4094-7861-4
1087:978-0-7190-5325-2
1060:978-0-8047-0299-7
957:978-0-7546-5410-0
858:descent from the
824:Richard Knightley
777:Edmund Crouchback
769:via John of Gaunt
718:Margaret of Anjou
589:, a reply to the
577:The Doleman tract
494:William Fleetwood
419:Succession tracts
368:Essex's Rebellion
237:(1540–1568), and
209:Suffolk claimants
199:Throckmorton plot
163:Mary I of England
128:Anglo-Spanish War
107:Margaret Clifford
54:Patrick Collinson
16:(Redirected from
2594:
2561:
2560:
2552:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2519:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2486:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2396:
2385:
2384:
2376:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2018:
2012:
2011:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1912:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1884:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1838:
1832:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1743:
1737:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1702:
1687:
1686:
1666:
1660:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1607:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1304:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1267:
1261:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1195:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1159:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1114:
1105:
1100:Stephen Alford,
1098:
1092:
1091:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1044:
1035:
1034:
1018:
1008:
1002:
985:
979:
968:
962:
961:
941:
921:
906:
900:
899:as next in line.
881:
875:
852:
820:Bess of Hardwick
812:Sir Robert Cecil
638:Other literature
615:'s pseudonymous
587:Sir Thomas Craig
310:Yorkist claimant
181:Stuart claimants
62:Valentine Thomas
21:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2535:
2531:
2521:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2469:
2465:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2397:
2388:
2378:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2305:
2301:
2294:
2278:
2274:
2267:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2224:
2220:
2213:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2089:
2085:
2070:10.2307/1556125
2054:
2050:
2035:10.2307/2902205
2019:
2015:
2008:
1988:
1984:
1971:
1967:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1900:
1896:
1874:
1870:
1855:10.2307/2871253
1839:
1835:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1723:
1703:
1690:
1683:
1667:
1663:
1650:
1646:
1639:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1590:
1586:
1579:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1482:
1478:
1471:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1430:
1426:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1362:
1358:
1351:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1295:
1291:
1284:
1268:
1264:
1253:
1249:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1211:
1207:
1197:
1178:
1171:
1161:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1115:
1108:
1099:
1095:
1088:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1009:
1005:
986:
982:
969:
965:
958:
942:
935:
930:
925:
924:
907:
903:
882:
878:
853:
849:
844:
832:
730:
710:Michael Drayton
640:
579:
563:Morgan Philipps
543:
538:
526:Tower of London
479:
477:The Hales tract
439:Tower of London
427:
421:
413:Peter Wentworth
376:
344:
312:
254:Tower of London
211:
183:
160:
136:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2600:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2563:
2562:
2529:
2496:
2463:
2446:
2439:
2419:
2412:
2400:Antonia Fraser
2386:
2353:
2346:
2326:
2319:
2299:
2292:
2272:
2265:
2245:
2238:
2218:
2211:
2191:
2184:
2164:
2157:
2137:
2130:
2110:
2103:
2083:
2064:(2): 199–226.
2048:
2013:
2006:
1982:
1965:
1952:10.2307/743407
1930:
1923:
1894:
1879:, ed. (1896).
1868:
1849:(4): 432–448.
1833:
1819:
1812:
1792:
1785:
1765:
1758:
1738:
1721:
1706:Edward Edwards
1688:
1681:
1661:
1644:
1637:
1617:
1584:
1577:
1557:
1550:
1530:
1523:
1503:
1496:
1476:
1469:
1449:
1442:
1424:
1402:
1375:(3): 365–378.
1356:
1349:
1329:
1315:
1289:
1282:
1262:
1247:
1232:
1225:
1205:
1169:
1136:
1129:
1106:
1093:
1086:
1066:
1059:
1036:
1029:
1003:
980:
963:
956:
932:
931:
929:
926:
923:
922:
901:
876:
846:
845:
843:
840:
839:
838:
831:
828:
808:Lord Buckhurst
803:
802:
799:
794:
789:
779:
770:
729:
726:
698:Perkin Warbeck
639:
636:
613:Robert Persons
597:Robert Persons
578:
575:
571:Anthony Browne
567:Edmund Plowden
542:
539:
537:
534:
486:Lord John Grey
478:
475:
463:Edward Edwards
420:
417:
397:Paul Wentworth
375:
372:
343:
340:
311:
308:
239:Lady Mary Grey
231:Lady Jane Grey
210:
207:
203:Babington plot
187:Arbella Stuart
182:
179:
159:
156:
135:
132:
99:Katherine Grey
38:Paul Delaroche
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2599:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2558:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2533:
2525:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2413:0-297-81348-X
2409:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2330:
2322:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2276:
2268:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2222:
2214:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2141:
2133:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2114:
2106:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2009:
2007:0-297-00320-8
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1946:(1): 67–105.
1945:
1941:
1934:
1926:
1924:9780901050366
1920:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1728:
1726:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1684:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1658:
1657:0-241-10149-2
1654:
1648:
1640:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1621:
1613:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1534:
1526:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1406:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1352:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1318:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1293:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1209:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1176:
1174:
1165:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1140:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1111:
1103:
1097:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1041:
1032:
1030:9780521076135
1026:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1007:
1001:
997:
994:
992:
984:
977:
973:
967:
959:
953:
949:
948:
940:
938:
933:
919:
915:
914:John of Gaunt
912:descent from
911:
910:primogeniture
905:
898:
897:Duke of Parma
894:
890:
889:John of Gaunt
886:
885:primogeniture
880:
873:
869:
868:John of Gaunt
865:
861:
857:
856:primogeniture
851:
847:
837:
834:
833:
827:
825:
821:
815:
813:
809:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
787:
783:
780:
778:
774:
771:
768:
765:
764:
763:
761:
757:
753:
752:Thomas Wilson
749:
747:
737:
733:
725:
723:
719:
715:
711:
706:
704:
700:
699:
694:
693:
688:
684:
683:
678:
677:
672:
671:
665:
663:
662:
657:
656:
651:
647:
646:
635:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:
614:
610:
605:
598:
594:
593:
588:
583:
574:
572:
568:
564:
560:
559:Thomas Morgan
555:
551:
547:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:Walter Haddon
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
474:
472:
468:
464:
459:
457:
453:
452:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:Privy Council
426:
416:
414:
409:
408:Privy Council
405:
404:William Cecil
400:
398:
392:
390:
384:
381:
371:
369:
365:
361:
360:House of Aviz
357:
356:primogeniture
353:
352:John of Gaunt
349:
339:
337:
336:Robert Dudley
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:House of York
307:
305:
301:
296:
294:
293:William Allen
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
262:
260:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
233:(1537–1554),
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
206:
204:
200:
194:
192:
188:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
151:
147:
145:
141:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
68:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
34:
30:
19:
2538:
2532:
2505:
2499:
2472:
2466:
2456:
2449:
2429:
2422:
2403:
2362:
2356:
2336:
2329:
2309:
2302:
2282:
2275:
2255:
2248:
2228:
2221:
2201:
2194:
2174:
2167:
2147:
2140:
2120:
2113:
2093:
2086:
2061:
2057:
2051:
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627:civil war
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