95:
25:
1745:. Per Bagrationi symbolism Virgin Mary was a patron saint of all Georgia, her cult being established as the governing royal image of the whole kingdom. The coins issued by his forebears depicted a bust of the Mother of God on the obverse and inscriptions proclaiming the Byzantine titles of the kings on the reverse.
1698:
explicitly state that when Tamar was recrowned after his father's death, "all by one consent joined in raising to Tamar her father's sword, bestowed on her at the same time as her father's throne", still none of the depictions of the queen show her carrying the sword. The chronicle would explain this
1283:
King of Kings, Suzerain and
Sovereign of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah, of all the East and the West, the South and the North, of both two kingdoms and countries, the High King, Godly anointed and invincible, the most excellent King of all, of
1665:
and the continued rendering of
Abkhazia to the first place in the style of the Bagrationi kings was largely due to legal considerations. Also, as Abkhazia was under heavy Byzantine influence, the Georgian monarchs wanted to raise the status of the western region to such a high level to reflect the
291:
in type. As the Crown would be gathering additional lands the style would continue to expand, but remain distinctly enumerated and include all the subjects of the
Georgian monarch. Even after the collapse of the unified kingdom, Georgian kings would continue to emblazon themselves with the former
1306:
King of Kings, of the
Abkhazians, Iberians, Kakhetians, Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah, of all the East and the West, the South and the North, the Sovereign of both two thrones and countries, Godly given and anointed, great and invincible, the most excellent King of all, of the brilliant
1812:, who abandoned the use of any Byzantine titles, but took over Byzantine forms of imagery to promote himself as an independent power. Now George was establishing this more clearly by usurping titles of his rivals into his own as an expression of his dominance over them.
292:
imperial style and they would stake the claim to be the absolute rulers of all-Georgia. This imperial legacy of the
Bagrations continues to bear fruit even today, with its self-image as the unrivalled pinnacle of the Georgian politics, culture and society.
796:) of all the East and West, champion of the Messiah, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, and Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah, the great queen, the Glory of the World and of the Faith, daughter of the great King of Kings, sovereign of
283:, it was never slavishly adopted or mimicked; rather, it was creatively and deliberately adapted to the local culture and environment. At the same time, the rulers of Christian Georgia would still be embracing the traditional influences of the Persian
923:
King of Kings of the
Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah, of all Georgia, of all the East and the West, of the North, the Sovereign and Suzerain of two kingdoms, the ruler of all, the victorious king.
885:
King of Kings of the
Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah, of the East and the West, of the South and the North, of both countries, of two thrones and crowns, the godlike Suzerain and the Sovereign.
1643:
dynasties. George III was the first
Georgian king to assume these titles. They were afforded mostly last place in the style, following the "King of the Armenians" title. They later on would get corrupted, and original meaning be
1762:
in the thirteenth century. Tamar's royal imagery had to cope with the diverse nature of her empire as it had to accommodate both
Christian and Muslim subjects, as well as many separate territories. Her great-grandfather, King
946:
King of Kings, of many, Shirvanshah, of the
Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, Armenians, of all Georgia and the North, of the West and the East, the Suzerain and Sovereign of two golden thrones and all the lands.
1260:
King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah, of all the East and the West, the South and the North, of both two thrones and kingdoms.
1808:, whom George had defeated in 1161. Reign of George III can be seen to mark a decisive shift in the nature of Georgian power. Any expression of inferiority to Byzantine Empire had been ended by his grandfather, King
1322:
King of Kings, the Sovereign, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah of all the other kings and countries, strong and invincible, supreme by God and unyielding by God.
3493:(1898) Gramoty i drugie istoricheskie dokumenty XVIII stoletia, otnosieschia k Gruzii: Vol. 1, Gruzinskie teksty s 1765 po 1774 god, Komissiia pechataniia gosudarstvennykh gramot i dogovorov, Tip. V. Kirshbauma,
811:
King of Kings, son of Tamar, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah, the Sovereign of all the East and the West, sword of the Messiah, lord of the
3646:
Paghava, I. & Chanishvili, E. (2021) Numismatic history of David IV the Builder: Money Circulation, Issued Coinage, and Monetary Policy, Tsereteli Institute of Oriental Studies of the
837:
King of Kings, son of King of Kings Rusudan, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah, the Sovereign of all Georgia and the North, slave of
94:
908:
King of Kings of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah, the Suzerain and Sovereign of all the North, the East and the West, descendant of
3620:
Kartvelishvili, T. Jojua, T. Baindurashvili, Kh. Gelashvili, I. Gogoladze, T. & Shaorshadze, M. (2019) Sources of the XVII century about the Kings of Kartli and Kakheti, Vol. I,
1666:
importance of this area to the Georgian realm. The court would have set up the majority of the royal residences mostly in the western regions of the kingdom, in Abkhazia and Imereti.
977:, Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shirvanshah, of all the East and the West, of all Georgia, of all the North, the Suzerain and Sovereign of the throne.
251:
and creation of the only medieval pan-Caucasian empire that would rule for a thousand years. Georgian monarchs would have intense religious and political competition with the
1682:
were not afforded title "Sword of the Messiah" but "Champion of the Messiah". This circumstance doubtlessly reflect the fact that Tamar and Rusudan, although they were the
3703:
1840:
1627:
and was motivated by the aggressive expansionist policies of the Georgian monarchs in and beyond the region. The inclusion of Shirvanshah (lit. the shah/king of
240:
3637:
Paghava, I. (2012) Rediscovering the Specie of Davit IV the Builder (1089-1125), King of Kings and Sword of Messiah, Eds. Bruno Callegher and Arianna D’Ottone,
1555:. The term Iberia/Iberian would undergo a transformation, its "all-Georgian" reach would be extended by the Bagrationi monarchs and their contemporaries.
120:
reads ملكة الملكات جلال الدنيا والدين تامار ابنة كيوري ظهير المسيح meaning "Queen of Queens, the glory of the world and of the faith, Tamar, daughter of
201:
and its loss usually led to the monarch's imminent death or overthrow in Georgian kingship. Introductory part of the style for the monarchs from the
1272:
King of Kings and the Sovereign of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shahanshah and Shirvanshah, of the East and the West.
1865:. The coin's museum number is 1857,1226.7. Its diameter is 35 millimetres and it weighs 10.8 grammes. It is suggested that coin had been minted at
3696:
958:
King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of two thrones and kingdoms, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, descendant of
3523:
Rapp, S. H. Jr. (2016) The Sasanian World Through Georgian Eyes, Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature,
935:
King of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah of all the East and North, the Sovereign.
4369:
3689:
3643:
Paghava, I. (2021) Copper Coin with the Effigy of David the Builder and the Titulary of Georgian Monarchs, V. VIII, Mkhedari Publishing
1661:, from being King of Abkhazia first and later on king of all-Georgia. The Georgian royal court was inspired by the Byzantine model of
4277:
1771:
and military reconquest of Tbilisi, would initiate universal minting of coins in Arabic for trade and economic reasons. According to
1692:
leaders, by virtue of their gender. It is noteworthy that Tamar was never depicted on frescos with a sword. Despite the fact that
3814:
1511:
A custom dictated that the new monarch should have had a biological connection to the existing dynasty, in part because kingly
3629:
1862:
280:
4337:
3511:(1997) Imagining History at the Crossroads: Persia, Byzantium, and the Architects of the Written Georgian Past, Volume II,
4395:
826:
Queen of Kings and Queens, the glory of the world, kingdom and of the faith, daughter of Tamar, champion of the Messiah.
741:
King of Kings, Sword of the Messiah, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians and Armenians, king of all the East.
1796:
A shift toward an Islamic expression of power can be found in the adoption of new royal titles during the reign of King
4332:
3786:
1901:
in 1490. Some of the kings would continue including them in style even after an official fragmentation of the monarchy.
1804:. This was the first evidence of these titles being adopted by a Georgian king and must have been taken over from the
4257:
4207:
3712:
3553:
3536:
178:
125:
3558:
Bakhtadze, M. (2015) Georgian titles of the Bagrationi rulers of Tao-Klarjeti, Institute of the Georgian History,
4282:
3660:
Gamkrelidze, G. (2010) War and Arms in Iberia and Colchis, Sulakauri Publishers, Tbilisi, ISBN 978-99941-15-242-9
279:. Even though unprecedentedly "Byzantinized Georgia" entertained its powerful neighbor's concepts and models of
4272:
4267:
4262:
1893:
1631:) and Shahanshah (lit. the shah of shahs/King of kings) in style by the Georgian monarchs was an usurpation of
185:
4242:
3484:
1535:
174:
4400:
4252:
3524:
4410:
4026:
1885:
164:
52:, King David, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, Armenians". The king is depicted wearing
3780:
3677:(Online Version) Historical Materials from Southern Georgia, Text collection: HMSG, XV century archives
1889:
1713:
1005:
King of Kings, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah.
4405:
1217:
3668:
3654:
3606:
3600:
3559:
1826:
1338:
939:
627:
151:
1657:
was afforded first place in the style as a memory of sequence of acquisition of authority by King
3721:
3473:
1694:
1463:
1265:
1140:
623:
504:
426:
212:
160:
3567:
3838:
3590:
Takaishvili, E. (1910) The Georgian Antiquities, Georgian History and Ethnography, Volume III,
3512:
3490:
1772:
1360:
1236:
1173:
966:
951:
776:
390:
287:
and Arabic legends that would remain strong and intact; some of their styles would even become
247:
Bagrationi dynasty and its unprecedented political unification of lands, would inaugurate the
4390:
4312:
4305:
4056:
3843:
3820:
3647:
1797:
1742:
1658:
1493:
1488:
1474:
1393:
1327:
1276:
1151:
928:
867:
783:
634:
537:
401:
256:
236:
121:
4139:
4074:
4044:
3919:
3902:
3614:(1984) Georgian Historical Documents of IX-XIII centuries, Vol. I, Metsniereba Publishing,
1734:
1730:
1371:
1288:
856:
819:
689:
672:
1284:
the most brilliant purple crown, son of Great, all-powerful and invincible King of Kings.
8:
4322:
4300:
4202:
3808:
3747:
3581:
3572:
3499:
1858:
1654:
1531:
1518:
1382:
1188:
973:
King of Kings, strong and invincible, majestic and protector of the holy kingdom, of the
916:
890:
845:
734:
645:
619:
559:
248:
207:
192:
35:
4350:
4327:
3914:
3508:
1566:
1418:
1079:
1020:
830:
756:
548:
319:
300:
268:
252:
202:
181:
40:
4222:
4032:
3939:
3832:
3803:
3797:
3625:
3563:
3549:
3532:
1776:
1768:
1738:
1349:
1315:
1162:
1009:
701:
573:
379:
336:
140:
109:
3681:
3634:
Dolidze, I. (1965) Georgian monuments of Law, V. II, Metsniereba Publishing, Tbilisi
1470:
King of all Georgia, King of all Kartli, Kakheti and all the other lands, the Lord.
4171:
4068:
3976:
3884:
3826:
3791:
3775:
3596:
3541:
1612:). David IV was the first Georgian king to assume the title "Sword of the Messiah".
1299:
1129:
1031:
804:
665:
594:
580:
482:
101:
4107:
4062:
3986:
3929:
3896:
3674:
3611:
1845:
1821:
The title "King of Ranis and Kakhetians" officially entered the style after King
1581:
1448:
1061:
272:
74:
4038:
3866:
3664:
3605:
Dundua, T. & Tavadze, L. (2017) Imperial Titulature of the Georgian Kings,
3545:
1601:
1456:
681:
437:
83:
79:
59:
3584:(1909) The Georgian Antiquities, Georgian History and Ethnography, Volume II,
4384:
4356:
4186:
4161:
4080:
3971:
3860:
3767:
3599:(1921) Diplomata ecclesiastica Georgiae occidentalis, Monumenta Georgica, V,
3517:
Rapp, S. H. Jr. (2014) Caucasia and Byzantine Culture, Edited by Dean Sakel,
1679:
1452:
1444:
1180:
King of Kings, Sovereign of Kakheti, son of Great King and High Sovereign of
587:
415:
323:
173:) that evolved and changed many times since the establishment of the ancient
117:
4149:
3963:
3878:
3729:
1684:
1609:
878:
654:
568:
526:
311:
169:
113:
49:
763:
King of Kings, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians, Armenians,
652:
King of Kings, of the Abkhazians and Iberians, strong and invincible, the
4344:
3934:
3924:
3872:
1689:
1675:
1662:
1417:
King of Kartli, Kakheti and all Georgia, successor sovereign and lord of
1101:
797:
765:
679:
King of the Abkhazians and Iberians, the nobilissimus, the sebastos, the
470:
368:
331:
327:
315:
296:
4144:
4086:
3908:
1805:
1755:
1436:
1206:
1068:
1053:
1042:
909:
863:
King of Kings, in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.
812:
792:
771:
709:
641:
King of the Abkhazians and Iberians, the kourapalates of all the East.
515:
493:
459:
408:
307:
3528:
1741:, David IV had taken over the imagery to glorify himself, instead of
1552:
1197:
1090:
981:
745:
697:
284:
24:
4166:
4134:
4050:
3981:
3890:
3733:
1880:
1822:
1809:
1784:
1764:
1709:
1605:
1432:
1229:
1060:
King of Kings and Sovereign of Kartli, by will of God, by mercy of
901:
722:
660:
478:
276:
260:
64:
1639:
political ideals. These titles were specifically directed against
1224:
King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of Kartli, Kakheti, Lord of
3854:
3848:
3757:
3638:
3621:
3615:
3591:
3585:
3576:
1897:
1779:, David IV would mint the coins with his name alongside names of
1636:
1628:
1594:
This title entered the style in spite to the contemporary Muslim
1539:
1513:
1423:
1308:
1202:
1075:
King of Kings of Kartli, by will of God, by order of Shah Abbas.
717:
244:
220:
197:
78:. A coin shows the king as a true Byzantine emperor. Kept at the
1521:
unwisely abandoned Georgian polytheism thus losing the kingship.
334:, however, maintained that there was no official punishment for
4217:
4212:
4181:
4154:
4112:
3945:
3518:
3503:
3494:
1759:
1708:
The title "King of the Armenians" entered the style after King
1640:
959:
705:
696:
King of Kings, of the Abkhazians, Iberians, Ranis, Kakhetians,
486:
448:
304:
264:
228:
54:
31:
874:
King, in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.
3752:
1780:
1632:
1596:
1428:
1225:
1210:
974:
713:
288:
232:
216:
69:
3575:(1895) Title, coronation and regalia of the Georgian kings,
4176:
4126:
4002:
3725:
1884:
split and fracture of the unity of the monarchy during the
1623:
1181:
838:
726:) of all the East, the invincible, servant and defender of
1866:
1717:
1440:
727:
224:
3653:
Tavadze, L. (2012) Byzantine imperial style in Georgia,
3483:
Eastmond, A. (1998) Royal imagery in medieval Georgia,
1367:
King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of all Imereti.
330:
would never pardon the insult towards a monarch. King
3711:
1758:
and was similar to known examples of coins minted by
1754:
Tamar's choice of terminology in Arabic derives from
852:
King of Kings, son of Giorgi, sword of the Messiah.
1608:and meant "Defender of Christianity" (Messiah i.e.
1097:King and Sovereign of Kartli, Lord of all Georgia.
602:
259:and even as rulers of a new Byzantium based in the
1295:King of Kings, the Sovereign of both two thrones.
1169:King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of Kakheti.
1136:King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of Kakheti.
255:, saw themselves as the successors of the emperor
3502:(1929) History of the Georgian Justice, Vol. II,
1800:, when he, in 1170, added to his titles those of
1086:King of Kings, Suzerain and Sovereign of Kartli.
4382:
3657:, The Institute of the Georgian History, Tbilisi
2397:TITUS: manuscript: Q969 item 1: line of ed.: 3-4
1878:The "two thrones and/or kingdoms" refers to the
1688:, they were not an actual heads of the army and
815:, the great king, glory of the world and faith.
2595:TITUS: manuscript: Q969 item 6: line of ed.: 16
1401:
3544:(2013) Edge of Empires: A History of Georgia,
2514:TITUS: manuscript: Q969 item 4: line of ed.: 9
2487:TITUS: manuscript: Q969 item 3: line of ed.: 7
1551:"Iberians" refers specifically to Kartvelians/
1517:was the prerogative of certain families. King
779:, sword of the Messiah, son of King of Kings.
630:, and the great kouropalates of all the East.
281:Constantinopolitan bureaucracy and aristocracy
144:
3697:
3671:, Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation
841:, of the ruler of the world, David the king.
1861:, the British Museum acquired the coin from
1621:These titles entered the style from Persian
16:Formal mode of address to a Georgian monarch
775:, master of the East and the North, son of
4370:Knowledge:WikiProject Royalty and Nobility
3704:
3690:
3063:Kartvelishvili & Jojua, et al. p. 124
2892:Kartvelishvili & Jojua, et al. p. 181
2874:Kartvelishvili & Jojua, et al. p. 145
790:King of Kings, Queen of Queens, empress (
2865:Kartvelishvili & Jojua, et al. p. 99
1699:by stressing Tamar's hatred of violence.
1244:
1109:
184:and its successive monarchies after the
124:, champion of the Messiah". Kept at the
1049:King of Kings and Sovereign of Kartli.
1038:King of Kings and Sovereign of Kartli.
1027:King of Kings and Sovereign of Kartli.
1016:King of Kings and Sovereign of Kartli.
989:
658:of all the East, the kouropalates, the
511:King of Iberia, King of the Ten Kings.
348:
191:Pre-Christian Georgian monarchs of the
4383:
3685:
1863:William Cole, 3rd Earl of Enniskillen
1195:King of Kings, Sovereign of Kakheti,
752:King of Kings, sword of the Messiah.
314:, always carried out by non-Georgian
4338:List of current constituent monarchs
3663:Catalogue of Georgian Numismatics;
1869:after David's conquest of the city.
1530:Kartli and Eguri were known in the
13:
4333:List of current sovereign monarchs
3787:Imperial and Most Faithful Majesty
108:reads ႧႰႣႧ with ႵႩჃႩ representing
14:
4422:
4208:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
3713:Imperial, royal, and noble styles
3450:Paghava & Chanishvili, p. 213
3441:Paghava & Chanishvili, p. 201
3405:Paghava & Chanishvili, p. 198
3153:Takaishvili, vol. III pp. 183—308
1947:Takaishvili, vol. III pp. 146—206
1767:, right after his victory in the
3453:
3444:
3435:
3426:
3417:
3408:
3399:
3390:
3381:
3372:
3363:
3354:
3345:
3336:
3327:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3291:
3282:
3273:
3264:
3255:
3246:
3237:
3228:
3219:
3210:
3201:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3156:
3147:
3138:
3129:
3120:
3111:
3102:
3093:
3084:
3075:
3066:
3057:
3048:
3039:
3030:
3021:
3012:
3003:
2994:
2985:
2976:
2967:
2958:
2949:
2940:
2931:
2922:
2913:
2904:
2895:
2886:
2877:
2868:
2859:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2823:
2814:
2805:
603:Sovereigns of the united Georgia
126:Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia
116:, AD 1200"; the text written in
93:
23:
3466:
2796:
2787:
2778:
2769:
2760:
2751:
2742:
2733:
2724:
2715:
2706:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2670:
2661:
2652:
2643:
2634:
2625:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2571:
2562:
2553:
2544:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2490:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2346:
2337:
2328:
2319:
2310:
2301:
2292:
2283:
2280:The Georgian Chronicles: 216—13
2274:
2265:
2256:
2253:Rapp (2016) location: 7131—7140
2247:
2238:
2229:
2220:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2184:
2175:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2121:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2013:
2004:
1995:
1729:Where the coins of his father,
1147:King and Sovereign of Kakheti.
1125:King and Sovereign of Kakheti.
295:According to the chronicler of
137:style of the Georgian sovereign
4323:Defender of the Holy Sepulchre
2262:The Georgian Chronicles: 139—5
2199:The Georgian Chronicles: 33—17
2181:The Georgian Chronicles: 30—14
1986:
1977:
1968:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1932:
1923:
1914:
1716:in 1118, or after he captured
1378:King of Kings of all Imereti.
1334:King of Kings, the Sovereign.
685:of all the East and the West.
364:King of all Kartli and Eguri.
303:a monarch was punishable with
156:
1:
3485:Pennsylvania State University
2244:The Georgian Chronicles: 62—8
2190:The Georgian Chronicles: 32—8
1907:
1345:King of Imereti and Kakheti.
1158:King of Imereti and Kakheti.
3525:Sam Houston State University
3135:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 168
3117:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 235
3108:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 257
3099:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 253
3045:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 537
2982:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 160
2964:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 252
2955:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 193
2928:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 185
2910:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 151
2901:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 144
2883:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 141
2829:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 534
2811:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 140
2784:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 436
2757:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 434
2631:Dundua & Tavadze, p. 392
2604:Dundua & Tavadze, p. 461
2541:Dundua & Tavadze, p. 460
2415:Dundua & Tavadze, p. 459
2379:Dundua & Tavadze, p. 458
1405:
1402:Sovereigns of Kartli—Kakheti
1248:
1113:
993:
606:
572:of all the East, the eye of
455:Great King of the Iberians.
444:Great King of the Iberians.
352:
177:, its transformation to the
7:
4027:Imperial and Royal Highness
3432:Paghava (2021), pp. 236-237
3342:Paghava (2021), pp. 367-380
3252:Paghava (2021), pp. 417-418
2991:Takaishvili, vol. II p. 517
2694:CoGN: Coins of Vakhtang III
2505:Paghava (2021), pp. 396-403
1892:. The unified kingdom will
1482:
243:. The consolidation of the
235:by God", underlining their
186:disintegration of the realm
10:
4427:
4396:Lists of Georgian monarchs
3781:Imperial and Royal Majesty
3478:Life of the Georgian kings
3171:Rapp (2016) location: 6776
2946:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 4
2937:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 1
2856:Takaishvili, vol. II p. 39
2838:Takaishvili, vol. III p. 2
2793:CoGN: Coins of Giorgi VIII
2766:Takaishvili, vol. II p. 35
2721:Takaishvili, vol. II p. 13
2676:CoGN: Coins of David Ulugh
2667:CoGN: Coins of David Narin
2586:CoGN: Coins of Queen Tamar
2559:Rapp (2016) location: 4182
2532:Rapp (2016) location: 4194
2442:Rapp (2016) location: 4185
2352:Rapp (2016) location: 4175
2271:Rapp (2016) location: 9500
2172:Rapp (2016) location: 6323
1938:Rapp (2016) location: 6731
1929:Rapp (2016) location: 8763
1890:Kingdom of Western Georgia
1872:
1851:
1832:
1815:
1802:Shirvanshah and Shahanshah
1790:
1748:
1723:
1714:Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
1702:
1669:
1647:
1615:
1604:. The title was pointedly
1588:
1573:
1558:
1545:
1524:
1505:
566:King of the Iberians, the
241:claim for biblical descent
4365:
4293:
4235:
4195:
4125:
4100:
4019:
3995:
3962:
3955:
3766:
3740:
3719:
3207:Rapp (2016) location: 665
3198:Rapp (2016) location: 686
3189:Rapp (2016) location: 702
2748:CoGN: Coins of Giorgi VII
2685:CoGN: Coins of David VIII
2127:Rapp (2016) location: 459
2055:Rapp (2016) location: 482
2010:Rapp (2016) location: 453
1992:Rapp (2016) location: 492
1888:and establishment of the
1737:, had slavishly imitated
1600:, the Sword of Islam and
1451:, sovereign and ruler of
1411:
1408:
1356:King of Kings, the King.
1254:
1251:
1119:
1116:
999:
996:
612:
609:
358:
355:
223:, Bagrationi, Supreme by
145:
3669:Tbilisi State University
3655:Tbilisi State University
3607:Tbilisi State University
3601:Tbilisi State University
3560:Tbilisi State University
3315:Rapp (1997), pp. 577-578
3279:Rapp (1997), pp. 578-582
2622:CoGN: Coins of Giorgi IV
2433:Rapp (1997), pp. 570-571
2091:Rapp (2014), pp. 232-233
2028:Rapp (2014), pp. 231-228
1827:First Kingdom of Kakheti
1499:
1389:King of all Imeretians.
489:, Movakani and Colchis.
343:
3474:The Georgian Chronicles
1848:, a mayor of Amsterdam.
1695:The Georgian Chronicles
626:, and of the Ranis and
275:" that would fight the
195:were divinely assigned
159:) refers to the formal
157:kartveli mepis ts'odeba
110:Georgian numeral system
100:A copper coin of Queen
46:ႣႧႫႴႵႣႧႫႴႤႠႴႧႵႰႬႩႾႧႱႾႧ
4328:Great Catholic Monarch
3839:Most Excellent Majesty
3815:Most Christian Majesty
3513:University of Michigan
3396:Paghava (2021), p. 233
3297:Paghava (2021), p. 382
3270:Paghava (2021), p. 408
3261:Paghava (2021), p. 410
2523:CoGN: Issue of David V
2469:Paghava (2021), p. 259
1773:Ibn al-Azraq al-Fariqi
897:King of Kings of all.
555:King of the Iberians.
544:King of the Iberians.
533:King of the Iberians.
522:King of the Iberians.
500:King of the Iberians.
466:King of the Iberians.
422:King of the Iberians.
397:King of the Iberians.
386:King of the Iberians.
375:King of the Iberians.
322:was extremely rare in
4313:Defender of the Faith
4306:Divine right of kings
4057:Ducal Serene Highness
3879:Most Eminent Highness
3844:Most Gracious Majesty
3821:Most Faithful Majesty
3648:Ilia State University
3459:Rayfield, pp. 129-131
3162:Zagareli, pp. 169-188
2577:Eastmond, pp. 127-135
2550:Eastmond, pp. 104-106
2154:Javakhishvili, p. 326
2136:Javakhishvili, p. 191
1494:Monarchism in Georgia
1489:Georgian Crown Jewels
1245:Sovereigns of Imereti
1110:Sovereigns of Kakheti
730:, the Orthodox king.
257:Constantine the Great
205:always started with "
146:ქართველი მეფის წოდება
4140:Duli Yang Maha Mulia
4075:Illustrious Highness
4045:Grand Ducal Highness
3903:Illustrious Highness
3487:, ISBN 0-271-01628-0
3243:Javakhishvili, p. 86
3225:Paghava, pp. 243-247
2100:Paghava, pp. 221-222
1983:Javakhishvili, p. 87
1956:Javakhishvili, p. 84
1920:Rayfield, pp. 65—159
1311:and a purple crown.
990:Sovereigns of Kartli
349:Sovereigns of Iberia
4401:Pharnavazid dynasty
4301:By the Grace of God
3351:Eastmond, pp. 56-58
3306:Rapp (1997), p. 608
3288:Rapp (1997), p. 637
2739:Rapp (1997), p. 582
2658:Rapp (1997), p. 581
2649:Silogava, pp. 72—73
2640:Rapp (1997), p. 577
2496:Rapp (1997), p. 575
2451:Rayfield, pp. 89—93
2118:Rapp (1997), p. 583
2109:Rapp (1997), p. 571
2073:Rapp (1997), p. 581
2064:Rapp (1997), p. 595
2046:Rapp (1997), p. 646
2019:Rapp (1997), p. 666
2001:Rapp (2014), p. 226
1965:Rapp (2014), p. 227
1894:ultimately collapse
1859:David Marshall Lang
1733:, and grandfather,
1655:Kingdom of Abkhazia
1532:classical antiquity
249:Georgian Golden Age
208:By the Grace of God
193:Pharnavazid dynasty
104:minted in Georgian
38:minted in Georgian
36:David IV of Georgia
4411:Bagrationi dynasty
4351:Translatio imperii
3009:Kakabadze, pp. 7—8
2235:Gamkrelidze, p. 13
2217:Gamkrelidze, p. 24
1974:Khakhanov, pp. 6—7
1739:Byzantine examples
1567:Stele of Vespasian
1419:Samtskhe-Saatabago
320:capital punishment
318:. Even though the
301:verbally insulting
269:Georgian Orthodoxy
253:Byzantine emperors
203:Bagrationi dynasty
182:Kingdom of Georgia
112:, meaning "Tamar,
106:Asomtavruli script
41:Asomtavruli script
4378:
4377:
4231:
4230:
4223:Sultanic Highness
4121:
4120:
4096:
4095:
4033:Imperial Highness
4015:
4014:
4011:
4010:
3833:Britannic Majesty
3804:Catholic Monarchs
3798:Apostolic Majesty
3630:978-9941-9677-8-8
3500:Javakhishvili, I.
3081:Kakabadze, p. 119
1777:Sibt ibn al-Jawzi
1769:Battle of Didgori
1480:
1479:
1399:
1398:
1242:
1241:
1107:
1106:
987:
986:
622:and Iberians, of
600:
599:
590:of the Iberians.
175:Kingdom of Iberia
4418:
4406:Chosroid dynasty
4203:Amir al-Mu'minin
4193:
4192:
4101:Specific culture
4098:
4097:
4017:
4016:
3960:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3920:Most Illustrious
3885:Exalted Highness
3827:Orthodox Majesty
3809:Catholic Majesty
3792:Imperial Majesty
3722:Forms of address
3706:
3699:
3692:
3683:
3682:
3650:, ISSN 2587-4780
3460:
3457:
3451:
3448:
3442:
3439:
3433:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3415:
3412:
3406:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3370:
3369:Eastmond, p. 135
3367:
3361:
3358:
3352:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3325:
3324:Eastmond, p. 182
3322:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3280:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3244:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3181:
3178:
3172:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3145:
3144:Zagareli, p. 100
3142:
3136:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3118:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3082:
3079:
3073:
3072:Kakabadze, p. 63
3070:
3064:
3061:
3055:
3054:Kakabadze, p. 37
3052:
3046:
3043:
3037:
3036:Kakabadze, p. 36
3034:
3028:
3027:Kakabadze, p. 34
3025:
3019:
3018:Kakabadze, p. 17
3016:
3010:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2992:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2974:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2938:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2920:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2902:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2884:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2767:
2764:
2758:
2755:
2749:
2746:
2740:
2737:
2731:
2730:Silogava, p. 100
2728:
2722:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2695:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2659:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2569:
2568:Rayfield, p. 109
2566:
2560:
2557:
2551:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2452:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2434:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2371:
2370:Khakhanov, p. 11
2368:
2362:
2359:
2353:
2350:
2344:
2343:Bakhtadze, p. 17
2341:
2335:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2317:
2316:Bakhtadze, p. 20
2314:
2308:
2307:Bakhtadze, p. 11
2305:
2299:
2298:Bakhtadze, p. 10
2296:
2290:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2145:Rayfield, p. 103
2143:
2137:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2083:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1930:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1886:Mongol invasions
1876:
1855:
1836:
1819:
1794:
1752:
1727:
1706:
1673:
1651:
1619:
1592:
1577:
1562:
1549:
1528:
1509:
1406:
1249:
1114:
994:
962:, slave of God.
607:
477:King of Iberia,
433:King of Iberia.
353:
165:Georgian monarch
158:
155:
148:
147:
102:Tamar of Georgia
97:
27:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4361:
4289:
4227:
4191:
4117:
4092:
4063:Serene Highness
4007:
3991:
3951:
3942:(The Much Hon.)
3930:Hochwohlgeboren
3897:Serene Highness
3762:
3736:
3715:
3710:
3680:
3582:Takaishvili, E.
3509:Rapp, S. H. Jr.
3469:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3427:
3423:Eastmond, p. 56
3422:
3418:
3414:Eastmond, p. 92
3413:
3409:
3404:
3400:
3395:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3378:Eastmond, p. 98
3377:
3373:
3368:
3364:
3360:Eastmond, p. 54
3359:
3355:
3350:
3346:
3341:
3337:
3333:Eastmond, p. 70
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3296:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3234:Paghava, p. 245
3233:
3229:
3224:
3220:
3216:Eastmond, p. 72
3215:
3211:
3206:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3184:
3180:Rayfield, p. 25
3179:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3152:
3148:
3143:
3139:
3134:
3130:
3126:Khakhanov, p. 9
3125:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3094:
3090:Zagareli, p. 96
3089:
3085:
3080:
3076:
3071:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3013:
3008:
3004:
3000:Kakabadze, p. 3
2999:
2995:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2973:Dolidze, p. 231
2972:
2968:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2919:Dolidze, p. 193
2918:
2914:
2909:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2847:Dolidze, p. 224
2846:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2828:
2824:
2820:Dolidze, p. 205
2819:
2815:
2810:
2806:
2802:Silogava, p. 19
2801:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2779:
2775:Dolidze, p. 118
2774:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2725:
2720:
2716:
2712:Dolidze, p. 100
2711:
2707:
2703:Silogava, p. 26
2702:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2613:Silogava, p. 16
2612:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2558:
2554:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2478:Eastmond, p. 47
2477:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2424:Tavadze, p. 162
2423:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2406:Rayfield, p. 85
2405:
2401:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2361:Tavadze, p. 103
2360:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2334:Rayfield, p. 69
2333:
2329:
2325:Tavadze, p. 100
2324:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2289:Bakhtadze, p. 4
2288:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:Rayfield, p. 34
2225:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2208:Rayfield, p. 32
2207:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2163:Khakhanov, p. 6
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2082:Eastmond, p. 91
2081:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2037:Tavadze, p. 221
2036:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1902:
1873:
1870:
1852:
1849:
1846:Nicolaes Witsen
1833:
1830:
1816:
1813:
1791:
1788:
1749:
1746:
1724:
1721:
1703:
1700:
1670:
1667:
1648:
1645:
1616:
1613:
1589:
1586:
1582:Fasti Ostienses
1574:
1571:
1559:
1556:
1546:
1543:
1525:
1522:
1506:
1502:
1485:
1404:
1247:
1112:
992:
605:
351:
346:
273:imperial church
267:would view the
161:mode of address
150:
133:
132:
131:
130:
129:
98:
89:
88:
87:
75:globus cruciger
47:
45:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4424:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4317:Fidei defensor
4310:
4309:
4308:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4273:United Kingdom
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4197:
4190:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4131:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4104:
4102:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4042:
4039:Royal Highness
4036:
4030:
4023:
4021:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3968:
3966:
3957:
3950:
3949:
3943:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3915:Most Excellent
3912:
3906:
3900:
3894:
3888:
3882:
3876:
3870:
3867:Royal Highness
3864:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3818:
3812:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3709:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3686:
3679:
3678:
3672:
3661:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3618:
3609:
3603:
3594:
3588:
3579:
3570:
3556:
3546:Reaktion Books
3539:
3521:
3515:
3506:
3497:
3488:
3481:
3480:, royal annals
3470:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3452:
3443:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3389:
3387:Eastmond, p. 6
3380:
3371:
3362:
3353:
3344:
3335:
3326:
3317:
3308:
3299:
3290:
3281:
3272:
3263:
3254:
3245:
3236:
3227:
3218:
3209:
3200:
3191:
3182:
3173:
3164:
3155:
3146:
3137:
3128:
3119:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3074:
3065:
3056:
3047:
3038:
3029:
3020:
3011:
3002:
2993:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2948:
2939:
2930:
2921:
2912:
2903:
2894:
2885:
2876:
2867:
2858:
2849:
2840:
2831:
2822:
2813:
2804:
2795:
2786:
2777:
2768:
2759:
2750:
2741:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2705:
2696:
2687:
2678:
2669:
2660:
2651:
2642:
2633:
2624:
2615:
2606:
2597:
2588:
2579:
2570:
2561:
2552:
2543:
2534:
2525:
2516:
2507:
2498:
2489:
2480:
2471:
2462:
2460:Dolidze, p. 18
2453:
2444:
2435:
2426:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2390:
2381:
2372:
2363:
2354:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2309:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2183:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2111:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2075:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1877:
1871:
1856:
1850:
1837:
1831:
1820:
1814:
1795:
1789:
1753:
1747:
1728:
1722:
1707:
1701:
1674:
1668:
1652:
1646:
1620:
1614:
1602:Sword of Allah
1593:
1587:
1578:
1572:
1563:
1557:
1550:
1544:
1529:
1523:
1510:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1221:
1220:
1218:Constantine II
1214:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1065:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
991:
988:
985:
984:
978:
970:
969:
963:
955:
954:
948:
943:
942:
936:
932:
931:
925:
920:
919:
913:
905:
904:
898:
894:
893:
887:
882:
881:
875:
871:
870:
864:
860:
859:
853:
849:
848:
842:
834:
833:
827:
823:
822:
816:
808:
807:
801:
787:
786:
780:
760:
759:
753:
749:
748:
742:
738:
737:
731:
693:
692:
686:
676:
675:
669:
649:
648:
642:
638:
637:
631:
615:
614:
611:
604:
601:
598:
597:
591:
584:
583:
577:
563:
562:
556:
552:
551:
545:
541:
540:
534:
530:
529:
523:
519:
518:
512:
508:
507:
501:
497:
496:
490:
474:
473:
467:
463:
462:
456:
452:
451:
445:
441:
440:
438:Pharasmanes II
434:
430:
429:
423:
419:
418:
412:
405:
404:
398:
394:
393:
387:
383:
382:
376:
372:
371:
365:
361:
360:
357:
350:
347:
345:
342:
99:
92:
91:
90:
84:United Kingdom
80:British Museum
68:and holding a
60:imperial crown
29:
22:
21:
20:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4423:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4358:
4357:Victory title
4355:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4188:
4187:Son of Heaven
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4162:King of Kings
4160:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3972:Pater Patriae
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3954:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3940:Much Honoured
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3849:Royal Majesty
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3748:Nəgusä Nägäst
3746:
3745:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3714:
3707:
3702:
3700:
3695:
3693:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3597:Kakabadze, S.
3595:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3573:Khakhanov, A.
3571:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3555:
3554:9781780230702
3551:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3537:9781472425522
3534:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3456:
3447:
3438:
3429:
3420:
3411:
3402:
3393:
3384:
3375:
3366:
3357:
3348:
3339:
3330:
3321:
3312:
3303:
3294:
3285:
3276:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3204:
3195:
3186:
3177:
3168:
3159:
3150:
3141:
3132:
3123:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3078:
3069:
3060:
3051:
3042:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2916:
2907:
2898:
2889:
2880:
2871:
2862:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2790:
2781:
2772:
2763:
2754:
2745:
2736:
2727:
2718:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2592:
2583:
2574:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2394:
2388:Dolidze, p. 7
2385:
2376:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2331:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2286:
2277:
2268:
2259:
2250:
2241:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1917:
1913:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1857:According to
1854:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1841:royal charter
1835:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1756:Islamic coins
1751:
1744:
1743:Mother of God
1740:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1680:Queen Rusudan
1677:
1672:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1548:
1542:respectively.
1541:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1504:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:Alexander III
1336:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1250:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1003:
995:
983:
979:
976:
972:
971:
968:
964:
961:
957:
956:
953:
949:
945:
944:
941:
940:Constantine I
937:
934:
933:
930:
926:
922:
921:
918:
914:
911:
907:
906:
903:
899:
896:
895:
892:
888:
884:
883:
880:
876:
873:
872:
869:
865:
862:
861:
858:
854:
851:
850:
847:
843:
840:
836:
835:
832:
828:
825:
824:
821:
817:
814:
810:
809:
806:
802:
799:
795:
794:
789:
788:
785:
781:
778:
774:
773:
768:
767:
762:
761:
758:
754:
751:
750:
747:
743:
740:
739:
736:
732:
729:
725:
724:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
694:
691:
687:
684:
683:
678:
677:
674:
670:
667:
663:
662:
657:
656:
651:
650:
647:
643:
640:
639:
636:
632:
629:
625:
621:
617:
616:
608:
596:
592:
589:
588:King of Kings
586:
585:
582:
578:
575:
571:
570:
565:
564:
561:
557:
554:
553:
550:
546:
543:
542:
539:
535:
532:
531:
528:
524:
521:
520:
517:
513:
510:
509:
506:
505:Mithridates V
502:
499:
498:
495:
491:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:
472:
468:
465:
464:
461:
457:
454:
453:
450:
446:
443:
442:
439:
435:
432:
431:
428:
427:Mithridates I
424:
421:
420:
417:
416:Pharasmanes I
413:
410:
407:
406:
403:
399:
396:
395:
392:
388:
385:
384:
381:
377:
374:
373:
370:
366:
363:
362:
354:
341:
339:
338:
333:
329:
326:Georgia, the
325:
324:high medieval
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:
302:
298:
293:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
263:, whence the
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
194:
189:
187:
183:
180:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
153:
142:
138:
127:
123:
119:
118:Arabic script
115:
111:
107:
103:
96:
85:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
51:
43:
42:
37:
34:coin of King
33:
26:
4391:Royal styles
4349:
4316:
4247:
3964:Ancient Rome
3612:Silogava, V.
3542:Rayfield, D.
3491:Zagareli, A.
3477:
3467:Bibliography
3455:
3446:
3437:
3428:
3419:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3374:
3365:
3356:
3347:
3338:
3329:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3293:
3284:
3275:
3266:
3257:
3248:
3239:
3230:
3221:
3212:
3203:
3194:
3185:
3176:
3167:
3158:
3149:
3140:
3131:
3122:
3113:
3104:
3095:
3086:
3077:
3068:
3059:
3050:
3041:
3032:
3023:
3014:
3005:
2996:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2897:
2888:
2879:
2870:
2861:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2825:
2816:
2807:
2798:
2789:
2780:
2771:
2762:
2753:
2744:
2735:
2726:
2717:
2708:
2699:
2690:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2654:
2645:
2636:
2627:
2618:
2609:
2600:
2591:
2582:
2573:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2510:
2501:
2492:
2483:
2474:
2465:
2456:
2447:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2411:
2402:
2393:
2384:
2375:
2366:
2357:
2348:
2339:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1896:
1879:
1874:
1853:
1839:
1834:
1817:
1801:
1792:
1750:
1725:
1704:
1693:
1683:
1671:
1649:
1622:
1617:
1610:Jesus Christ
1595:
1590:
1580:
1575:
1565:
1560:
1547:
1526:
1512:
1507:
1464:Heraclius II
1422:
1266:Alexander II
1196:
1141:Alexander II
879:Vakhtang III
791:
770:
764:
721:
680:
659:
655:nobilissimus
653:
618:King of the
569:kouropalates
567:
527:Bacurius III
391:Pharnavaz II
337:lèse-majesté
335:
316:executioners
312:decapitation
294:
237:divine right
206:
196:
190:
168:
136:
134:
105:
73:
63:
53:
50:Jesus Christ
39:
4345:Sacred king
4253:Netherlands
4029:(HI&RH)
4020:Middle Ages
3935:Wohlgeboren
3925:Hochgeboren
3873:Monseigneur
3783:(HI&RM)
1690:battlefield
1676:Queen Tamar
1663:rule of law
1361:Alexander V
1237:Teimuraz II
1174:Heraclius I
1102:Vakhtang VI
967:George VIII
952:Alexander I
798:Christendom
766:Shirvanshah
720:, emperor (
538:Adarnase IV
471:Aspacures I
411:of Iberia.
402:Artaxias II
369:Pharnavaz I
332:Vakhtang VI
328:royal court
297:Queen Tamar
86:since 1857.
4385:Categories
4145:Great king
4087:Excellency
3948:(Millourt)
3909:Excellency
1908:References
1806:Shaddadids
1798:George III
1659:Bagrat III
1644:forgotten.
1475:George XII
1437:Shamshadin
1412:Sovereign
1394:Solomon II
1328:George III
1277:Bagrat III
1255:Sovereign
1207:Shamshadin
1205:, Lord of
1152:Teimuraz I
1120:Sovereign
1069:Bagrat VII
1062:Shah Abbas
1054:Luarsab II
1043:Vakhtang V
1000:Sovereign
929:George VII
868:David VIII
813:Javakhians
793:autokrator
784:George III
772:Shahanshah
635:Bagrat III
628:Kakhetians
620:Abkhazians
613:Sovereign
516:Vakhtang I
494:Mirian III
460:Amazasp II
409:Great King
359:Sovereign
308:mutilation
72:alongside
4236:Countries
3956:Antiquity
3568:1987-9970
3529:Routledge
1735:Bagrat IV
1731:George II
1553:Georgians
1519:Pharnajom
1372:Solomon I
1289:George II
1198:Beglarbeg
1091:George XI
982:Bagrat VI
910:Gorgasali
857:David VII
820:George IV
746:Demetre I
698:Armenians
690:George II
673:Bagrat IV
581:David III
574:Orthodoxy
560:Bagrat II
285:Shahnameh
211:, We, of
152:romanized
48:meaning "
4294:See also
4283:Scotland
4258:Portugal
4167:Maharaja
4135:Baghatur
4077:(HIll.H)
4069:Serenity
4051:Highness
3982:Sebastos
3977:Augustus
3905:(HIll.H)
3891:Highness
3776:Holiness
3734:nobility
1881:de facto
1844:sent to
1829:in 1104.
1825:annexed
1823:David IV
1810:David IV
1785:Muhammad
1765:David IV
1720:in 1124.
1712:annexed
1710:David IV
1606:militant
1483:See also
1433:Borchali
1383:David II
1230:Borchali
1189:David II
1080:Simon II
1021:George X
917:Bagrat V
902:David IX
891:George V
846:David VI
735:David IV
723:basileus
708:and the
666:Orthodox
661:sebastos
646:George I
549:David II
479:Somkhiti
277:heretics
261:Caucasus
229:anointed
141:Georgian
65:pendilia
58:with an
4248:Georgia
4196:Islamic
3996:Georgia
3987:Dominus
3855:Majesty
3768:Western
3758:Pharaoh
3730:royalty
3667:(2013)
3639:Trieste
3622:Tbilisi
3616:Tbilisi
3592:Tbilisi
3586:Tbilisi
3577:Tbilisi
3527:, USA,
1898:de jure
1760:Mamluks
1641:Persian
1637:Sasanid
1633:Islamic
1629:Shirvan
1540:Colchis
1514:pharnah
1449:Shirvan
1424:mtavari
1309:sceptre
1203:Yerevan
1010:Simon I
975:Jikians
831:Rusudan
777:Demetre
757:David V
718:Messiah
716:of the
380:Artoces
289:Islamic
271:as an "
245:deified
233:crowned
221:Solomon
198:pharnah
179:unified
82:in the
62:having
4278:Canada
4268:Sweden
4263:Serbia
4243:France
4218:Sharif
4213:Hadrat
4182:Shogun
4172:Mikado
4155:Khagan
4113:Senhor
4059:(HDSH)
4047:(HGDH)
3946:Milord
3881:(HMEH)
3875:(Msgr)
3817:(HMCM)
3741:Africa
3732:, and
3628:
3566:
3552:
3535:
3519:Ankara
3504:Tiflis
3495:Moscow
1536:Iberia
1457:Erivan
1421:, the
1409:Style
1350:Archil
1316:Rostom
1252:Style
1163:Archil
1117:Style
1032:Rostom
997:Style
960:Nimrod
829:Queen
803:Queen
706:Alania
682:caesar
668:king.
664:, the
610:Style
595:Gurgen
487:Hereti
449:Ghadam
356:Style
305:tongue
265:clergy
143::
55:sakkos
44:reads
32:copper
4127:Asian
4081:Grace
4065:(HSH)
4041:(HRH)
4035:(HIH)
3899:(HSH)
3887:(HEH)
3869:(HRH)
3861:Grace
3851:(HRM)
3835:(HBM)
3829:(HOM)
3823:(HFM)
3811:(HCM)
3800:(HAM)
3794:(HIM)
3753:Nkosi
3726:popes
3675:TITUS
1781:Allah
1597:laqab
1500:Notes
1473:King
1462:King
1453:Ganja
1445:Shaki
1429:Qazax
1392:King
1381:King
1370:King
1359:King
1348:King
1337:King
1326:King
1314:King
1300:Levan
1298:King
1287:King
1275:King
1264:King
1235:King
1226:Qazax
1216:King
1211:Qazax
1187:King
1172:King
1161:King
1150:King
1139:King
1130:Levan
1128:King
1100:King
1089:King
1078:King
1067:King
1052:King
1041:King
1030:King
1019:King
1008:King
980:King
965:King
950:King
938:King
927:King
915:King
900:King
889:King
877:King
866:King
855:King
844:King
818:King
805:Tamar
782:King
755:King
744:King
733:King
714:Sword
702:Shaki
700:, of
688:King
671:King
644:King
633:King
593:King
579:King
558:King
547:King
536:King
525:King
514:King
503:King
492:King
469:King
458:King
447:King
436:King
425:King
414:King
400:King
389:King
378:King
367:King
344:Style
217:David
213:Jesse
163:to a
122:Kywri
114:David
70:cross
4177:Shah
4150:Khan
4089:(HE)
4083:(HG)
4071:(HS)
4053:(HH)
4003:Mepe
3911:(HE)
3893:(HH)
3863:(HG)
3857:(HM)
3724:for
3665:CoGN
3626:ISBN
3564:ISSN
3550:ISBN
3533:ISBN
1838:Per
1783:and
1775:and
1685:mepe
1678:and
1653:The
1635:and
1624:shah
1579:Per
1564:Per
1538:and
1455:and
1228:and
1209:and
1182:Iran
839:Qaan
769:and
483:Rani
310:and
239:and
231:and
170:mepe
135:The
4108:Don
1867:Ani
1718:Ani
1534:as
1441:Qax
1427:of
1201:of
728:God
710:Rus
624:Tao
225:God
4387::
3728:,
3624:,
3562:,
3548:,
3531:,
3476:,
1459:.
1447:,
1443:,
1439:,
1435:,
1431:,
1232:.
1213:.
1184:.
1064:.
912:.
800:.
712:,
704:,
576:.
485:,
481:,
340:.
299:,
227:,
219:,
215:,
188:.
149:,
30:A
4319:)
4315:(
3705:e
3698:t
3691:v
1787:.
1585:.
1570:.
167:(
154::
139:(
128:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
._Dated_Year_420_of_the_Paschal_cycle_(AD_1200).jpg)