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On the
Falkland Islands the striated caracara breeds between late October and January. Its nest is built of twigs and grass on the ground, under tussoc grass clumps, or on cliff ledges. It usually nests in loose colonies with nests sometimes as little as 7 m (20 ft) apart, and there is some
468:
have white bases. The bare skin on their face is salmon pink to yellowish orange, their iris brown, and their legs and feet bright orange-yellow. Juveniles are black to brownish black with a chestnut tail and gray bare parts; they gradually attain adult plumage and bare skin colors over their first
582:
larvae dug from intertidal kelp wrack, beetles, mussels, limpets, and earthworms dug from invasive grasses in hillside drainages. They also have been recorded predating young lambs, which led to persecution by sheep farmers before a 1999 law forbid killing the species. Striated caracaras are also
459:
The striated caracara is 53 to 65 cm (21 to 26 in) long with a wingspan of 116 to 125 cm (46 to 49 in), and weighs about 1.2 kg (2.6 lb). The sexes' plumages are alike. Adults are mostly black to brownish black with white or tawny streaks on the upper back, neck, and
627:
has assessed the striated caracara as Near
Threatened. It has a very limited range and an estimated population of under 2,500 mature individuals, though the latter is believed to be stable. The predicted ecosystem stresses of climate change are the only known significant threat. The breeding
1068:
Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 30 January 2023. A classification of the bird species of South
America. American Ornithological Society.
578:, and eggs from nesting seabirds including penguins, cormorants; among many other species. Most predation of larger species is usually done in small groups, where they together mob the larger animal. Invertebrates are also part of their diet, including
512:
but also ranges inland to mountain foothills up to about 500 m (1,600 ft) above sea level. It is generally non-migratory but may move seasonally to higher elevations. It also may be only a winter visitor to some of the South
American islands.
855:
Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. 30 January 2023. Species Lists of Birds for South
American Countries and Territories.
802:
Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from
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Fuchs, Jérôme; Johnson, Jeff A.; Mindell, David P. (2012). "Molecular systematics of the caracaras and allies (Falconidae: Polyborinae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data".
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697:
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Sealers called it the "Johnny penguin" or "John penguin." In that incarnation, it seems to have given its name to the striated caracara, a bird of prey that feeds on young
639:
1085:
HBW and BirdLife
International (2022) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at:
615:. The clutch size is usually two eggs but can be up to four. The incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.
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Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
602:
Recent tests of wild striated caracaras in the
Falklands have demonstrated that they have problem-solving abilities comparable to parrots.
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meaning "southern". Gmelin based his description on the "Statenland eagle" that had been described in 1781 by the
English ornithologist
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population on the
Falklands in 2006 was about 500 pairs, and 350 to 450 pairs may also be on the South American islands.
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Harrington, Katie J.; Folkertsma, Remco; Auersperg, Alice M.I.; Biondi, Laura; Lambert, Megan L. (January 2024).
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385:. The son Georg made a water-colour drawing of the striated caracara during their visit to Staten Island (
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parasitic, displacing and robbing scavengers and small groups will attack healthy birds as large as
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939:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 392.
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http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip
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Bierregaard, R. O., G. M. Kirwan, E. F. J. Garcia, and J. S. Marks (2022). Striated
Caracara (
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919:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 259.
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599:(both nestlings and older birds), which were hunted in the open or taken from nest burrows.
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Catryfirst1=P.; Lecoq, M.; Strange, I.J. (2008). "Population growth and density, diet".
1185:"Demography and breeding success of Falklands skua at Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands"
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999:"Some eighteenth century bird paintings in the library of Sir Joseph Banks (1743-1820)"
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in London. The striated caracara is now one of four species placed in the genus
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504:, and other islands in the far south of Argentina and Chile. It was hunted to
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986:. Vol. 1, Part 1. London: Printed for Leigh and Sotheby. pp. 40–41.
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in face of human intruders, and short sharp clicks around the nest."
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Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Historical Series
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on East Falkland. It primarily inhabits rocky coasts with adjacent
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Immature striated caracara on Saunders Island, Falkland Islands
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The striated caracara is found on the outer Falkland Islands,
393:). The drawing is dated 3 January 1775 and is now held by the
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Striated caracara adult on Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands
1171:"Attempted Predation of Striated Caracara on Gentoo Penguin"
369:. Latham had obtained notes on the bird from the naturalist
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Subadult striated caracara at Amazona Zoo, Norfolk, England
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The taxonomic systems agree that the striated caracara is
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https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
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breast. Their tail has a wide white tip, their underwing
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The taxonomy of the caracaras has not been settled. The
858:
https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm
726:
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place the striated and three other caracaras in genus
827:
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places the striated and six other caracaras in genus
1034:
1098:
1071:
https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm
871:
334:. He placed it with the falcons and eagles in the
898:in the Falklands and is called the "Johnny rook."
752:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696247A93551504.en
476:, a high-pitched, repeated scream, a loud cawing
1742:
835:. New York: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 802–803.
798:
796:
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472:The most common calls are "a cat-like wailing
464:and thighs are bright rusty rufous, and their
657:Subadult striated caracara feeding on a dead
1272:"Innovative problem solving by wild falcons"
953:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
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268:, the falcons and caracaras. It is found in
1255:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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284:, probably named after the Johnny penguin (
1216:"Striated Caracara Phalcoboenus australis"
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591:). A population of striated caracaras on
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1144:https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.strcar1.01.1
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956:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 62.
673:Juvenile (2 year old) striated caracara
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324:in his revised and expanded edition of
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416:International Ornithological Committee
280:. In the Falklands it is known as the
1781:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
1751:IUCN Red List near threatened species
1376:
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1222:
1092:
1050:. International Ornithologists' Union
933:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).
595:was found to largely subsist on live
432:also places the striated caracara in
1328:Carancho austral en Tierra del Fuego
1076:
530:species, feeding on everything from
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738:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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429:Handbook of the Birds of the World
383:second voyage to the Pacific Ocean
305:second voyage to the Pacific Ocean
14:
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320:in 1788 by the German naturalist
1113:10.1111/j.1474-919x.2012.01222.x
1048:IOC World Bird List Version 13.1
936:Check-List of Birds of the World
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490:Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego
412:American Ornithological Society
403:that was introduced in 1834 by
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1766:Birds of the Falkland Islands
1357:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
1322:Falkland Islands Johnny Rooks
831:; Christie, David A. (2001).
708:
373:. Johann Forster and his son
526:The striated caracara is an
7:
1146:retrieved February 15, 2023
1089:retrieved December 13, 2022
983:A General Synopsis of Birds
807:retrieved November 10, 2022
605:
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367:A General Synopsis of Birds
10:
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1355:A Most Remarkable Creature
1073:retrieved January 30, 2023
950:Jobling, James A. (2010).
860:retrieved January 30, 2023
631:
521:
316:The striated caracara was
1771:Birds of Tierra del Fuego
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1384:
1288:10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.061
1243:10.1007/s00300-008-0454-8
1202:"Caracara: variable diet"
878:. Prentice Hall. p.
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92:Scientific classification
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997:Lysaght, Averil (1959).
911:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich
745:: e.T22696247A93551504.
562:, seal pups such as the
484:Distribution and habitat
312:Taxonomy and systematics
1776:Birds described in 1788
1042:, eds. (January 2023).
564:South American fur seal
371:Johann Reinhold Forster
322:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
1687:Phalcoboenus-australis
1443:phalcoboenus-australis
1430:Phalcoboenus_australis
1416:Phalcoboenus australis
1386:Phalcoboenus australis
1330:Facebook research page
1324:Facebook research page
870:Gorman, James (1990).
731:Phalcoboenus australis
568:Southern elephant seal
424:BirdLife International
395:Natural History Museum
308:
254:Phalcoboenus australis
201:Phalcoboenus australis
1643:Paleobiology Database
1107:(3). Wiley: 520–532.
597:slender-billed prions
294:
833:Raptors of the World
829:Ferguson-Lees, James
774:"Appendices | CITES"
613:cooperative breeding
295:Watercolour made by
1157:"Striated Caracara"
1044:"Seriemas, falcons"
729:"Striated Caracara
558:adults and chicks,
494:Isla de los Estados
387:Isla de los Estados
45:Conservation status
1140:Daptrius australis
1038:; Donsker, David;
589:Chloephaga hybrida
572:blackish cinclodes
318:formally described
309:
249:Forster's caracara
235:Daptrius australis
24:Striated caracara
1738:
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1630:Open Tree of Life
1378:Taxon identifiers
1351:Meiburg, Jonathan
1282:(1): 190–195.e3.
1040:Rasmussen, Pamela
963:978-1-4081-2501-4
889:978-0-13-925041-5
874:The Total Penguin
496:(Staten Island),
438:Clements taxonomy
245:striated caracara
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183:P. australis
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170:Phalcoboenus
169:
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1604:Neotropical
1526:iNaturalist
1410:Wikispecies
1336:issued for
1054:19 February
1036:Gill, Frank
931:Mayr, Ernst
758:15 February
528:opportunist
506:extirpation
455:Description
363:John Latham
299:in 1775 on
282:Johnny rook
78:Appendix II
1745:Categories
1714:Q109563274
1682:Xeno-canto
709:References
593:New Island
585:kelp geese
574:, various
560:brown skua
389:, east of
379:James Cook
301:James Cook
276:, and the
266:Falconidae
209:Gmelin, JF
159:Falconidae
1756:Caracaras
778:cites.org
576:shellfish
552:livestock
546:, stolen
502:Cape Horn
466:primaries
449:monotypic
355:australis
270:Argentina
177:Species:
115:Kingdom:
109:Eukaryota
1728:11253860
1708:Wikidata
1656:Species+
1570:22696247
1544:10790050
1456:22696247
1451:BirdLife
1395:Wikidata
1353:(2021).
980:(1781).
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606:Breeding
580:kelp fly
536:seabirds
517:Behavior
442:Daptrius
414:and the
227:Synonyms
155:Family:
129:Chordata
125:Phylum:
119:Animalia
105:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
1609:strcar1
1518:2481091
1505:strcar1
1479:strcar1
1401:Q916843
1303:14 June
632:Gallery
556:penguin
532:carrion
522:Feeding
474:waa-aow
462:coverts
381:on his
365:in his
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135:Class:
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350:. The
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1596:56345
1539:IRMNG
1500:eBird
1492:4FRJD
1476:BOW:
1188:(PDF)
661:chick
359:Latin
340:Falco
336:genus
274:Chile
82:CITES
76:CITES
1723:GBIF
1661:9125
1591:NCBI
1565:IUCN
1552:ITIS
1531:4705
1513:GBIF
1464:BOLD
1359:ISBN
1305:2024
1257:link
1101:Ibis
1056:2023
958:ISBN
884:ISBN
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785:2023
760:2023
743:2016
625:IUCN
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566:and
548:eggs
243:The
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1669:TSA
1578:NBN
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