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566:, police detective Jarrett Crippen, "When we’re talking about highway speeds of 60, 70 mph, that rock is hitting you full-force.... If it's coming through your windshield, it can cause serious damage to the body, vehicle or even death." A Washington State trooper said of an arrest of criminal rock-throwers, "Any one of these rocks could have punctured a windshield, hit the driver in the face and killed them." Although the rocks are often thrown from overpasses or high points along the roadside, people riding in cars have also been killed by rocks thrown at random vehicles from passing cars.
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their eyes bandaged to make them understand the consequence of their delinquency. Rock throwers can be charged, tried, and convicted even when no injuries or damage result. Under
American law they can receive very long sentences and even be sentenced to life in prison. Under American law, individuals who were part of a group engaged in rock-throwing can be convicted and imprisoned even if they did not personally throw any missiles.
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to serve life in prison for murder by throwing rocks at cars. A New
England judge, ruling on teenagers convicted of throwing stones at the windows of passing trains that resulted in eye injuries to passengers, sentenced the convicted to be kept in an eye-injury ward of a hospital for two weeks with
548:
Rock-throwing can be used by thieves, as was demonstrated by a 2015 case in India in which Ratan
Marwadi, 45, was charged with throwing rocks at a random passer-by, Darshana Pawar, to disable and rob her. Pawar was killed by Ratan Marwadi, who had served time in jail for pelting rail commuters with
653:
At one point, when town officials tried to arrest a
British officer who was commanding the guard at Boston Neck, Captain Ponsonby Molesworth intervened to confront a stone-throwing crowd. Molesworth ordered the soldiers to bayonet anyone throwing stones who got too close. A Boston justice told him
315:
details Roman soldiers training to throw stones as weapons. "Recruits are to be taught the art of throwing stones both with the hand and sling." And "Formerly all soldiers were trained to the practice of throwing stones of a pound weight with the hand, as this was thought a readier method since it
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agents with barrages of rocks to prevent them from apprehending individuals illegally crossing the border, particularly smugglers moving illegal drugs or illegal migrants across the border. Between 2010 and 2014, Border Patrol agents were assaulted with rocks 1,700 times and fired weapons at rock
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In 2008, Gazans assaulted
Egyptian border guards by throwing barrages of rocks over the low concrete border wall topped with barbed wire, tore down a section of the wall, and opened a road and moving goods and people across for several hours before the Egyptian Army, without using lethal force,
373:
Rock throwing during riots is a criminal offense, for which rock throwers can be charged with felony crimes, including assault on a law enforcement officer. Incidents of criminal rock throwing have resulted in arrests during sports riots; especially notable are incidents of rock-throwing
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throwers 43 times, resulting in 10 deaths. Border Patrol agents are permitted to respond to rock-throwers with lethal weapons, but as of 2014, the policy is to attempt to avoid finding themselves in situations in which responding to rock-throwing with lethal force becomes necessary.
519:, aggravated assault, throwing a missile into an occupied vehicle, criminal possession of a weapon, reckless endangerment of life, and aggravated assault with a lethal weapon. Punishment upon conviction varies as with all punishments for all crimes. A Florida judge
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In the 19th century, "stone throwing" was defined as a "nuisance", one of a number of offenses such as "kite-flying" and "doorbell ringing" to be handled by bylaws which differed from town to town.
625:
Throwing rocks at trains has long been a problem in countries including the United States and New
Zealand, where passengers and train crews have been injured by large rocks thrown through windows.
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that, under common law, a bayonet thrust was not an act of self-defense against a stone, which was not a lethal weapon. Had a soldier killed anyone, Molesworth could have been tried for his life.'
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1185:
649:, soldiers were not permitted to shoot at civilians engaged in that kind of protest unless their lives were in danger or they had obtained an express order from a civil magistrate.
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Turkey presses charges and imposes prison sentences for the crime of being part of a group throwing stones at police, even when the rock-throwers are 15 years of age and younger.
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In the United States individuals throwing rocks at another person can be arrested and charged with assault, criminal mischief and disorderly conduct. As a 15-year-old, actor
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in which
American teenagers killed a 20-year-old woman and critically injured her grandmother, then hit another car, killing the 41-year-old mother of 2 small children, the
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455:) led to a public outcry and to an amendment reducing the length of the sentences on the grounds that it was inappropriate from "a criminal justice point of view."
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Rock-throwing may occur in a variety of contexts but is often associated with assaultive offenses, demonstrations and riots, and international conflicts.
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by asserting that groups of migrants attempting to storm the border in mass-entry events had thrown rocks to drive border guards away from the gates.
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1972:
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Political demonstrations in many countries have resulted with the arrest of violent protestors for throwing rocks and other objects at police.
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Rock-throwing has been in the past often adopted as a method by an unarmed population to protest a governing power's authority. Under
English
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called on Gazans to protest the
Egyptian border blockade. Gazan men responded by massing at the border and throwing rocks and
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In
Florida, statewide policy is to install fences on highly trafficked overpasses and those near schools. An exception is
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In recent years, increasing numbers of undocumented sub-Saharan Africans have passed through Morocco attempting to reach
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Rocks thrown at cars moving along highways at high speeds have been a problem in a number of countries. According to the
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Many notorious and deadly riots have begun with or included rock-throwing as violence escalated, including the Toronto
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420:. There are claims that the rocks are thrown in response to killings of Kashmiri separatists at the hands of forces.
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in Pennsylvania, critically injuring and permanently disfiguring a passenger. In 2017, a single American highway,
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Expansive legislation on public disorder introduced in 1986 allows stone throwers to be sentenced on average to
2214:"Huge anti-austerity protest in Madrid turns violent Reports suggest 50 police officers injured during rioting"
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670:
485:
In the U.S., charges vary by state. Depending upon the facts and jurisdiction, potential charges could include
751:. On several occasions, Moroccan and Spanish border authorities have defended lethal violence against African
243:
The throwing of rocks or stones is one of the most ancient forms of ranged-weapon combat, with stone-throwing
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816:
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provides a maximum 5-year prison sentence for "throwing rocks and other objects at vehicles and vessels".
2027:
448:
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stated that throwing stones in a town or city on a highway, when it caused a death, was to be defined as
2340:
821:
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Smith, Adam C. (31 March 1999). "Overpasses, rocks: deadly common combination". St. Petersburg Times.
1976:
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1949:
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403:
93:
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A Summary of the Constitutional Laws of England Being an Abridgement of Blackstone's Commentaries,
1113:
532:
Youths convicted of "vandalism and battery" for throwing stones at vehicles have been imprisoned.
328:(stone battle) attended by the king himself. Originally a product of the warlike Goguryeo period,
795:
716:
586:
2512:
Barton, Eric Allen (17 October 2000). "Fences may discourage vandals". Sarasota Herald Tribune.
1756:
1281:
1406:
The Kurdish Question in Turkey: New Perspectives on Violence, Representation and Reconciliation
515:
and rock-throwers could face criminal charges, dependent on the circumstances that may include
477:
years in prison if the criminal justice system can prove that the action took place in a riot.
288:
262:
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1644:
1143:
412:. Usually carried out by youths, in the local language it is called "Kanni Jung", which means
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1404:
1128:
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687:
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2363:"Spain: 400 migrants repelled after charging Moroccan guards, storming Melilla border fence"
1419:
2080:"Ohio teens charged with murder after sandbag thrown from bridge hits car, kills passenger"
858:"Throwing stones in social science: Non-violence, unarmed violence, and the first intifada"
756:
375:
2188:"Riot police target Turkish protesters in Istanbul and Ankara on anniversary of Gezi Park"
8:
114:
61:
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Individuals who throw rocks at cars can serve 14 years for endangering transport.
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Notable instances of death and injury caused by rocks thrown at cars include the
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1459:
Showdown: Confronting Bias, Lies and the Special Interests That Divide America
305:
respectively. Both terms mean stone-throwers in Ancient Greek, as army units.
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2057:"Gag order sought in I-80 rock-throwing case in which Ohio woman was injured"
873:
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662:
602:
598:
563:
501:
1928:"395 reports of yobs throwing rocks from motorway bridges is tip of iceberg"
1781:
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countries, and many attempt to enter Spanish soil at two Spanish enclaves,
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Stone throwing rioters have repeatedly clashed with Egyptian troops at the
359:
110:
2341:"Immigrant death toll from assault on Ceuta beach border could rise to 14"
504:
was charged in 2 separate incidents of throwing rocks and shouting racial
1186:"St. Louis man charged with throwing brick at cop during Ferguson protes"
1006:
332:
gradually evolved into a widely enjoyed pastime during the more peaceful
280:
248:
881:
857:
451:(PKK). The harsh sentences handed down against stone-throwing children (
231:. In certain political contexts, stone-throwing is considered a form of
982:
646:
276:
2148:
John Murrin, Paul Johnson, James McPherson, Alice Fahs, Gary Gerstle,
1906:"Arrests Made in Rock-Throwing Incident that Critically Injured Woman"
1601:"Family Furious After Boy, 4, Is Hit By Thrown Brick On Staten Island"
2439:"Bullets vs. rocks? Border Patrol under fire for use of deadly force"
2028:"Germany to Seek Murder Charges Against 3 U.S. Teens in Rock Attacks"
1999:"National News Briefs; Professor Killed by Rock Thrown From Overpass"
1334:
1255:"RIOT CHARGES: Richfield man, 22, accused of throwing bottles, rocks"
962:
811:
271:
20:
1883:"Sharon Twp woman critical after rock thrown through car windshield"
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Throwing of stones at Indian Armed Forces and Police is frequent in
1778:"Teenager jailed for rock-throwing incident that claimed man's eye"
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2166:"Paris police arrest scores as pro-Palestinian demo turns violent"
740:
638:
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24:
2292:"Migrants Clash With Police in Hungary, as Others Enter Croatia"
941:
The Complete Tutankhamun: The King, the Tomb, the Royal Treasure
1857:"Man still in rehab months after rock was thrown from overpass"
1130:
A treatise on various branches of the criminal law of Scotland,
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threw rocks and chunks of concrete at Hungarian border police.
516:
512:
337:
333:
205:
2488:"Border Patrol Chief: Agents can still shoot at rock throwers"
1209:"New protests near Ferguson after officer kills armed suspect"
443:(AKP) introduced a range of legal measures criminalizing both
1145:
Medicine, Health and the Public Sphere in Britain, 1600–2000,
744:
699:
209:
Kashmiri youth throwing stones at Indian armed forces during
706:
at the Egyptian security forces, who responded with gunfire.
2152:
Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People,
1830:"13 rock-throwing incidents reported along I-35 since June"
28:
2465:"Border Patrol Refines Tactics In Rock-Throwing Scenarios"
2318:"Chaotic border scrums as Croatia becomes migrant hotspot"
1421:
Riotous Citizens: Ethnic Conflict in Multicultural Britain
1059:"The Military Institutions of the Romans (De Re Militari)"
311:(Latin "Concerning Military Matters") by the Roman writer
1731:"3rd Steger Man Is Sentenced In Fatal I-57 Rock-throwing"
1133:
Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1811 p.30
1436:"Woman arrested after throwing rocks at police officer"
1056:
1575:"Police investigate new interstate rock-throwing case"
1660:"Two N.j. Men Found Guilty In Rock-throwing Incident"
1541:"Teen Gets Life For Murder With Hurled Piece Of Rock"
1510:"Suspected rock-throwers charged with felony assault"
1485:. Santa Rosa Press. 12 November 2013. Archived from
2263:"Egypt–Gaza border riot leaves Egyptian guard dead"
1662:. The Morning Call. 13 January 1988. Archived from
1063:
Translated from the Latin by Lieutenant John Clarke
2237:"Egypt Tries to Plug Border; Gazans Poke New Hole"
1005:
227:in India), is often considered a form of criminal
1306:. The Analyst World. 20 June 2014. Archived from
1232:"Arrested protesters accused of rioting, assault"
597:in which youths hurled rocks from an overpass on
589:by striking miners throwing rocks at cars in the
2548:
2524:
2071:
1296:
223:, when it is directed at another person (called
2365:. Fox News. AP. 1 February 2015. Archived from
1991:
1535:
1533:
1531:
447:political claims and protest activities by the
1723:
1096:Korea's Pastimes and Customs: A Social History
2505:
2390:"African migrants climb their way into Spain"
773:Lonnie Swartz, José Rodríguez border incident
1528:
1360:"Man arrested after rocks thrown off bridge"
2315:
2309:
2125:"Rock Hurling Is Old Nemesis of Train Crew"
1749:
1652:
1623:"Fourth teen charged in I-80 rock throwing"
1593:
1098:. Homa & Sekey Books. pp. 112–116.
1031:A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities
1028:Smith, William (1875). Murray, John (ed.).
70:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2458:
2456:
2355:
2048:
1804:"Stone-thrower held for death of commuter"
1615:
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1975:. Union-Tribune San Diego. Archived from
1903:
1897:
1875:
1322:
1206:
1200:
777:Rock-throwers on the Mexican side of the
579:Darmstadt American rock-throwing incident
247:found among other weapons in the tomb of
193:Learn how and when to remove this message
133:Learn how and when to remove this message
2387:
2316:Radovanovic, Radul (17 September 2015).
2234:
2228:
2122:
2116:
2104:. Television New Zealand. 25 August 2005
2025:
2019:
1973:"Woman dies after rock thrown into auto"
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855:
798:, where all overpasses have it due to a
695:managed to regain control of the border.
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632:
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549:stones with the intent of robbing them.
204:
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2430:
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2077:
1701:
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1508:Miller, Emily Russo (9 November 2012).
1483:"Rock throwing leads to three felonies"
1349:
1330:"Understanding Kashmir's stone pelters"
1013:(in Ancient Greek). 75.7.2 – via
967:(in Ancient Greek). 2.4.12 – via
607:2017 Interstate 75 rock-throwing deaths
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2511:
2410:
2404:
2206:
2054:
1970:
1964:
1920:
1854:
1848:
1827:
1821:
1649:, Oxford University Press, 1988 p.295.
1507:
1501:
1362:. New Zealand Herald. 9 September 2005
981:
935:
170:may be able to help recruit an expert.
2530:
2485:
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2283:
2216:. Irish Times. Reuters. 23 March 2014
2168:. DW. AFP, dpa, Reuters. 27 July 2014
1942:
1801:
1795:
1709:"Teen OKs plea deal in rock throwing"
1684:
1678:
1456:
1450:
1424:, Ashgate Publishing, 2008 pp. 9, 128
1380:
1374:
1279:
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1246:
1229:
1223:
1207:Bernstein, Aaron (25 December 2014).
1151:
1027:
991:(in Ancient Greek). 6.69 – via
911:"Stone pelting: A form of resistance"
628:
160:needs attention from an expert in law
2437:Medrano, Lourdes (3 December 2012).
2338:
2332:
2235:Erlanger, Steven (26 January 2008).
2180:
2094:
1757:"Teen pleads in rock-throwing death"
1572:
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1433:
1427:
1183:
1177:
957:
585:, 20, on a road in New Zealand, the
416:and the stone pelters are called as
144:
76:
35:
2026:Williams, Carol J. (1 March 2000).
1802:Gupta, Pradeep (25 February 2015).
1775:
1769:
1711:. Sunbury Daily Item. 19 March 2015
1687:"What's Wrong With Throwing Rocks?"
1383:"Stone-throwing kids face 23 years"
1282:"What's Wrong With Throwing Rocks?"
1093:
715:In the 2015 Horgoš riot during the
13:
2261:Sanders, Edmund (6 January 2010).
2158:
2078:Johnson, Alex (26 December 2017).
1733:. Chicago Tribune. 13 April 1990.
1418:Yasmin Hussain, Dr Paul Bagguley,
1403:Cengiz Gunes, Welat Zeydanlioglu,
1304:"Stone Pelting and Kashmiri Youth"
856:Pressman, Jeremy (December 2017).
766:
98:link to broken or outdated sources
14:
2583:
2290:Lyman, Rick (16 September 2015).
1855:Beavin, Angie (3 November 2014).
1737:from the original on 22 June 2018
621:Shattered glass of a train window
557:
458:
51:This article has multiple issues.
2463:Matalon, Lorne (13 March 2014).
2413:"Melilla: Europe's dirty secret"
2388:El Hadad, Horia (10 June 2014).
2055:Beauge, John (3 December 2014).
1930:. Daily Mirror. 12 February 2012
1904:Greenberg, Lara (11 July 2014).
1828:Janzen, Eric (4 November 2014).
1573:Vega, Jackie (3 November 2014).
1230:Green, Sarah Jean (2 May 2013).
1159:"Stone throwing: seven arrested"
1057:Flavius Vegetius Renatus (390).
988:History of the Peloponnesian War
480:
313:Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus
298:History of the Peloponnesian War
149:
81:
40:
23:. For the execution method, see
2339:Abad, Rocio (7 February 2014).
2142:
1637:
1512:. Juneau Empire. Archived from
1412:
1397:
1136:
1121:
1102:
1087:
725:Hungarian southern border fence
571:death of Julie Catherine Laible
59:or discuss these issues on the
19:For the competition sport, see
2486:Dinen, Steven (9 March 2014).
2411:Davies, Nick (16 April 2010).
2123:Philipps, Dave (16 May 2015).
1950:"Naked rock throwers arrested"
1685:Stein, Micah (6 August 2013).
1434:Case, Angela (24 April 2015).
1381:Safak, Timur (15 April 2015).
1280:Stein, Micah (6 August 2013).
1253:Olson, Robin (14 April 2014).
1080:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
1066:
1050:
1021:
999:
975:
951:
929:
903:
849:
671:2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots
508:at African-American children.
423:
1:
1971:Kucher, Karen (27 May 2005).
1547:. 27 May 2000. Archived from
1184:Bell, Kim (30 January 2015).
1127:John Burnett, Robert Craigie
1072:
842:
817:Jewish Israeli stone throwing
789:
747:, on the African side of the
637:Rock throwers at a 2007 anti-
441:Justice and Development Party
164:legal status needs expansion.
113:or discuss this issue on the
2155:Cengage Learning, 2011 p.183
1118:John Trusler 1796 pp.175–176
543:
381:
7:
2441:. Christian Science Monitor
805:
779:Mexico–United States border
609:in two separate incidents.
552:
535:
162:. The specific problem is:
10:
2588:
1257:. Fox News. Archived from
822:Palestinian stone-throwing
770:
710:
527:
401:
316:did not require a sling."
292:
266:
251:, who died about 1325 BC.
238:
18:
1625:. WKYC. AP. 4 August 2014
1461:. Macmillan. p. 12.
1188:. St. Louis Post-Dispatch
612:
431:
1885:. WKYX. AP. 15 July 2014
1603:. CBS News. 7 April 2015
874:10.1177/0010836717701967
862:Cooperation and Conflict
730:
681:
449:Kurdistan Workers' Party
404:Stone pelting in Kashmir
397:
347:was used as a method of
322:held an annual national
211:2016–2017 Kashmir unrest
2279:(subscription required)
2044:(subscription required)
1776:Lak, Dak (8 May 2015).
717:European migrant crisis
641:demonstration in Paris.
587:killing of David Wilkie
511:Rock-throwing can be a
368:
2562:Criminal rock-throwing
1859:. KXAN. Archived from
1832:. KXAN. Archived from
1577:. KXAN. Archived from
1007:Cassius Dio Cocceianus
656:
642:
622:
213:
1457:Elder, Larry (2003).
1148:Routledge 2013 p.194.
1044:University of Chicago
677:International borders
651:
636:
620:
583:death of Chris Currie
575:University of Alabama
573:, a professor at the
390:, Section 49A of the
354:In the 18th century,
351:in several cultures.
208:
16:Violent use of stones
1952:. NBC 2. 26 May 2009
757:Melilla border fence
521:sentenced a teenager
517:second degree murder
414:fighting with stones
376:football hooliganism
362:rather than murder.
2320:. Seattle Times. AP
1765:. 28 November 2001.
1646:Harmless Wrongdoing
1094:Lee, E-Wha (2006).
947:. pp. 150–154.
945:Thames & Hudson
800:rock-throwing death
698:On 6 January 2010,
605:, was the scene of
111:addressing link rot
106:improve the article
2059:. The Patriot News
1836:on 14 January 2015
1165:. 11 December 2014
1110:William Blackstone
1034:. pp. 553–554
781:frequently target
761:Ceuta border fence
753:illegal immigrants
721:illegal immigrants
643:
629:Protests and riots
623:
595:I-80 rock throwing
487:disorderly conduct
356:William Blackstone
214:
2267:Los Angeles Times
2194:. AP. 31 May 2014
2032:Los Angeles Times
1551:on 3 October 2015
1409:, Routledge, 2013
1011:Historiae Romanae
832:David and Goliath
749:Mediterranean Sea
704:Molotov cocktails
688:Egypt–Gaza border
453:taş atan çocuklar
283:both mention the
203:
202:
195:
185:
184:
143:
142:
135:
74:
2579:
2541:
2540:
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2521:
2509:
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2502:
2500:
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2492:Washington Times
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2369:on 19 April 2015
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2156:
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2109:
2102:"All Too Common"
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2075:
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2045:
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2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
1995:
1989:
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1984:
1979:on 14 April 2015
1968:
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1863:on 12 April 2015
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2007:. 30 March 1999
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1234:. Seattle Times
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917:. 9 August 2010
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2004:New York Times
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1941:
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1211:. CBS. Reuters
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915:Economic Times
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309:De re militari
269:) in his work
240:
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1689:. Daily Beast
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1284:. Daily Beast
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260:
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2417:The Guardian
2416:
2406:
2394:. Retrieved
2392:. Al Jazeera
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2367:the original
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2334:
2324:17 September
2322:. Retrieved
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2301:17 September
2299:. Retrieved
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2106:. Retrieved
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2011:21 September
2009:. Retrieved
2002:
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1981:. Retrieved
1977:the original
1966:
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1944:
1932:. Retrieved
1922:
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1861:the original
1850:
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1834:the original
1823:
1813:18 September
1811:. Retrieved
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1725:
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1703:
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1680:
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1664:the original
1654:
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1579:the original
1555:21 September
1553:. Retrieved
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1487:the original
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1429:
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1339:. Retrieved
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1308:the original
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1286:. Retrieved
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1259:the original
1248:
1236:. Retrieved
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1167:. Retrieved
1162:
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1083:(in Korean).
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360:manslaughter
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53:Please help
50:
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2086:12 November
424:New Zealand
281:Cassius Dio
249:Tutankhamen
2551:Categories
2192:Daily News
2082:. NBC News
1782:Thanh Niên
1438:. Fox News
1385:. Hurriyet
983:Thucydides
943:. London:
921:13 October
895:13 October
843:References
790:Prevention
771:See also:
669:, and the
647:common law
593:, and the
402:See also:
285:lithobóloi
277:Thucydides
267:πετροβόλοι
259:petrobóloi
56:improve it
2537:263345119
2518:270637413
2343:. El Pais
1335:The Hindu
1163:The Hindu
1038:15 August
964:Hellenica
890:151500955
812:Serhildan
802:in 1999.
755:near the
544:At people
382:Australia
340:periods.
303:Histories
293:λιθοβόλοι
272:Hellenica
176:June 2018
115:talk page
94:citations
62:talk page
21:Stone put
2567:Violence
2533:ProQuest
2514:ProQuest
2497:13 April
2471:13 April
2445:14 April
2422:13 April
2396:13 April
2373:13 April
2347:13 April
2272:14 April
2246:14 April
2220:13 April
2198:13 April
2172:13 April
2108:20 April
2063:23 April
2037:13 April
1983:14 April
1956:12 April
1934:13 April
1912:12 April
1889:12 April
1867:12 April
1840:12 April
1741:12 April
1735:Archived
1715:12 April
1693:13 April
1629:12 April
1607:12 April
1585:12 April
1520:12 April
1493:12 April
1442:30 April
1389:15 April
1366:13 April
1341:17 April
1314:17 April
1265:12 April
1238:12 April
1215:12 April
1192:12 April
1169:12 April
1075:"석전(石戰)"
959:Xenophon
939:(2007).
882:48590278
806:See also
553:Vehicles
536:Contexts
506:epithets
418:Sangbaaz
330:seokjeon
325:seokjeon
320:Goguryeo
255:Xenophon
2557:Assault
1670:13 July
1073:최, 상수.
741:Melilla
723:at the
711:Hungary
639:Sarkozy
528:Vietnam
495:battery
491:assault
472:⁄
445:Kurdish
410:Kashmir
345:stoning
239:History
229:battery
103:Please
25:Stoning
2535:
2516:
2467:. KPBS
2134:17 May
1908:. WNEP
1465:
1288:24 May
888:
880:
827:Egging
665:, the
613:Trains
577:, the
513:felony
493:, and
432:Turkey
338:Joseon
334:Goryeo
275:, and
245:slings
1787:8 May
886:S2CID
878:JSTOR
745:Ceuta
731:Spain
700:Hamas
682:Egypt
398:India
295:) in
96:that
92:uses
2499:2015
2473:2015
2447:2015
2424:2015
2398:2015
2375:2015
2349:2015
2326:2015
2303:2015
2274:2015
2248:2015
2222:2015
2200:2015
2174:2015
2136:2015
2110:2015
2088:2018
2065:2015
2039:2015
2013:2015
1985:2015
1958:2015
1936:2015
1914:2015
1891:2015
1869:2015
1842:2015
1815:2015
1789:2015
1743:2015
1717:2015
1695:2015
1672:2015
1631:2015
1609:2015
1587:2015
1557:2015
1522:2015
1495:2015
1463:ISBN
1444:2015
1391:2015
1368:2015
1343:2017
1316:2017
1290:2018
1267:2015
1240:2015
1217:2015
1194:2015
1171:2015
1108:Sir
1040:2023
923:2023
897:2023
759:and
743:and
439:The
369:Laws
336:and
301:and
279:and
29:Rajm
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