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Stefan Hell

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in physics from the University of Heidelberg in 1996. On 15 October 2002, Hell became a director of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen and he established the department of Nanobiophotonics. Since 2003 Hell has also been the leader of the department "Optical Nanoscopy
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is its most important property. Hell was the first to demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, how one can decouple the resolution of the fluorescence microscope from diffraction and increase it to a fraction of the wavelength of light (to the nanometer scale). Ever since the work of
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in physics in 1990. His thesis advisor was the solid-state physicist Siegfried Hunklinger. The title of the thesis was “Imaging of transparent microstructures in a confocal microscope”. He was an independent inventor for a short period thereafter working on improving depth (axial)
346:, until 1920 and where Swabians (Catholic Germans in Hungary) still constituted the third largest ethnicity, ca 7 % of the population in 1910. He is the second (probably) fully Swabian Nobel prize winner with Herta Müller. He grew up at his parents' home in nearby 3783: 926: 459:) on 23 November 2006. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2014, becoming the second Nobelist born in the Banat Swabian community (after Herta Müller, the 2009 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature). 445:, he was able to show that one can substantially improve the resolving power of the fluorescence microscope, previously limited to half the wavelength of the employed light (> 200 nanometers). A microscope's 696:
Balzarotti, F.; Eilers, Y.; Gwosch, K.; Gynnå, A. H.; Westphal, V.; Stefani, F. D.; Elf, J.; Hell, S. W. (2017). "Nanometer resolution imaging and tracking of fluorescent molecules with minimal photon fluxes".
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in 1873, this feat was not thought possible. For this achievement and its significance for other fields of science, such as the life-sciences and medical research, he received the 10th German Innovation Award
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Butkevich, A.; Mitronova, G.; Sidenstein, S.; Klocke, J.; Kamin, D.; Meineke, D. N. H.; D'Este, E.; Kraemer, P. T.; Danzl, J. G.; Belov, V. N.; et al. (2016).
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Stefan Hell Lecture: Super-Resolution: Overview and Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy, May 2013
525: 423: 180: 754:"Fluorescent rhodamines and fluorogenic carbopyronines for super-resolution STED microscopy in living cells" 1398: 1072: 663: 644: 634: 1521: 1308:"Laureat al Premiului Nobel decorat de Regele Mihai – Familia Regală a României / Royal Family of Romania" 1025: 971: 430:. Since 2004 he has been an honorary professor for experimental physics at the faculty of physics of the 296: 3313: 1925: 351: 431: 3309: 3047: 2038: 1734: 949:"Stefan W. Hell, al doilea elev de la Liceul 'Nikolaus Lenau' din Timișoara care a câștigat un Nobel" 3016: 2643: 2133: 2030: 1610: 624: 518: 292: 259: 128: 3474: 3186: 2532: 2424: 2014: 1818: 1718: 221: 117: 1564: 592: 3728: 3683: 3520: 3466: 3101: 3075: 2915: 2903: 2891: 1874: 650: 588: 529: 1742: 881:"Un cercetător născut în județul Arad este printre câștigătorii premiului Nobel pentru chimie" 2285: 2217: 1854: 1795: 1570: 1474: 993: 370: 2161: 1929: 1575: 1452: 856: 3688: 3643: 3510: 2947: 2651: 2444: 2293: 2269: 2026: 1969: 716: 414: 238: 8: 3432: 2851: 2588: 2556: 2468: 2432: 2125: 1419: 1144: 931: 656: 402: 383: 185: 3559: 1511: 720: 3365: 3345: 3303: 3036: 2899: 2827: 2751: 2707: 2679: 2540: 2476: 2305: 2301: 2225: 2109: 1558: 1191: 1152: 778: 753: 740: 706: 446: 379: 335: 831: 3635: 3629: 3615: 3611: 3601: 3569: 3484: 3395: 3084: 3071: 2719: 2687: 2520: 2504: 2360: 2145: 1894: 1682: 783: 732: 331: 199: 1047: 682: 362:
in 1978. His father was an engineer and his mother a teacher; the family settled in
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Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics, and Molecular Biosciences
1048:"MPI für biophysikalische Chemie: Hell für Deutschen Zukunftspreis 2006 nominiert" 3661: 3653: 3619: 3492: 3470: 3323: 3299: 3146: 3060: 2927: 2919: 2855: 2839: 2775: 2767: 2735: 2620: 2572: 2548: 2464: 2325: 2209: 2054: 2022: 1965: 1902: 1787: 1714: 1690: 1223: 566: 538: 451: 438: 410: 406: 139: 97: 2647: 3605: 3591: 3545: 3524: 3502: 3438: 3426: 3121: 2955: 2887: 2883: 2803: 2743: 2739: 2616: 2584: 2484: 2460: 2400: 2384: 2352: 2321: 2289: 2085: 1945: 1779: 1674: 1650: 1261:"STEFAN W. HELL, Doctor Honoris Causa al Universitatii de Vest "Vasile Goldis"" 1148: 610: 467: 387: 319: 316: 109: 105: 1121: 3677: 3583: 3573: 3563: 3541: 3412: 3371: 3351: 3115: 3109: 2975: 2963: 2959: 2931: 2907: 2871: 2835: 2811: 2795: 2783: 2691: 2663: 2580: 2492: 2396: 2241: 2233: 2177: 2169: 2117: 2097: 2046: 1870: 1862: 1726: 1666: 1370: 900:"Stefan W. Hell, pentru Gândul: 'Am avut profesori extraordinari în România'" 413:. From 1993 to 1994 Hell was also for six months a visiting scientist at the 323: 57: 728: 3625: 3577: 3460: 3416: 3359: 3341: 3140: 2771: 2727: 2711: 2659: 2608: 2552: 2480: 2452: 2436: 2372: 2257: 2249: 2201: 2197: 2189: 1957: 1882: 1698: 1634: 1538: 787: 769: 736: 560: 418: 363: 359: 343: 304: 233: 3784:
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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Robert B. Woodward Scholar, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, 2006
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National Academy of Sciences Members and Foreign Associates Elected
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C. Benz u. G. Daimler-Award of Berlin-Brandenburgisch academy, 2004
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Imaging of transparent microstructures in a confocal microscope
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Member of the Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, 2007
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Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
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Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
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Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
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Innovation Award of the German Federal President, 2006
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Prize of the International Commission for Optics, 2000
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Heidelberg University Faculty of Physics and Astronomy
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Recipients of the Order of Merit of Baden-Württemberg
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Honorary Fellows of the Royal Microscopical Society
672:(HonFRMS) for his contributions to microscopy, 2017 277:
Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
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Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
670:Honorary Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society 572:Science Prize of the Fritz Behrens Foundation 2012 3774:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania 1167:"Mission Impossible: Breaking the Visual Barrier" 482:Helmholtz-Award for metrology, Co-recipient, 2001 437:With the invention and subsequent development of 3675: 291:, both of which are in Germany. He received the 506:Julius Springer Prize for Applied Physics, 2007 3769:Commanders of the Order of the Crown (Romania) 3764:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Romania) 3005: 1397:, News from the National Academy of Sciences, 600:German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina 271:: born 23 December 1962) is a Romanian-German 3269: 2991: 1591: 986: 1445:"Group 2: Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics" 1349:"New Physico-Chemical Tools for New Biology" 834:. Max Planck Institute for Medical Research 3276: 3262: 2998: 2984: 1598: 1584: 1557: 1151: 29: 3283: 777: 710: 535:Method of the year 2008 in Nature Methods 285:Max Planck Institute for Medical Research 176:Max Planck Institute for Medical Research 3814:Fellows of the American Physical Society 3754:Honorary members of the Romanian Academy 3744:German people of German-Romanian descent 1449:Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters 677:Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters 577:Vasile Goldiș Western University of Arad 439:Stimulated Emission Depletion microscopy 3694:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners 1122:"Hell, Stefan, Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult" 758:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 3676: 918: 916: 914: 393:From 1991 to 1993, Hell worked at the 297:super-resolved fluorescence microscopy 3257: 2979: 1579: 1216:Stefan Hell – Körber-Preisträger 2011 395:European Molecular Biology Laboratory 258: 16:Romanian-German physicist (born 1962) 3799:Kavli Prize laureates in Nanoscience 1412: 851: 849: 911: 486:Berthold Leibinger Innovationspreis 358:before leaving with his parents to 13: 1164: 386:, which became later known as the 14: 3825: 1533:Stefan Hell Labs official website 1497: 846: 832:"Department of Optical Nanoscopy" 114:Multifocal multiphoton microscopy 1828: 1504: 1102:. Academy of Sciences Leopoldina 405:(Finland) in the department for 295:in 2014 "for the development of 275:and one of the directors of the 1437: 1385: 1363: 1341: 1325: 1300: 1275: 1253: 1228: 1208: 1184: 1158: 1138: 1114: 1089: 1065: 1040: 689: 513:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize 494:Karl-Heinz-Beckurts-award, 2002 491:Carl-Zeiss Research Award, 2002 373:in 1981, where he received his 145:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize 3809:Max Planck Institute directors 3699:21st-century German physicists 3155:(United States/United Kingdom) 1420:"Current RMS Honorary Fellows" 960: 938: 892: 870: 824: 802: 544:Ernst-Hellmut-Vits-Prize, 2010 369:Hell began his studies at the 1: 1338:, Mediafax, September 4, 2015 795: 554:Körber European Science Prize 526:European Inventor of the Year 424:German Cancer Research Center 181:German Cancer Research Center 3739:Nobel laureates in Chemistry 3724:21st-century German chemists 3704:Heidelberg University alumni 3382:Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard 1399:National Academy of Sciences 664:National Academy of Sciences 645:Order of the Star of Romania 7: 417:(England). He received his 330:, which until 1920 before 10: 3830: 633:: Knight Commander of the 443:related microscopy methods 352:Nikolaus Lenau High School 3719:Max Planck Society people 3709:People from Arad, Romania 3534: 3405: 3292: 3181: 3162: 3131: 3100: 3070: 3046: 3015: 2634: 2335: 2076: 1837: 1826: 1617: 1165:Office, European Patent. 1022:"Deutscher Zukunftspreis" 662:Foreign associate of the 473: 245: 229: 210: 192: 166: 158: 151: 123: 93: 85: 75: 65: 40: 28: 21: 3749:Romanian Nobel laureates 2752:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan 2031:Wendell Meredith Stanley 1611:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1373:. Wilmelm Exner Stiftung 1147:publications indexed by 625:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 575:Doctor Honoris Causa of 519:Lower Saxony State Prize 462:As of 2024, Hell has an 293:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 129:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 729:10.1126/science.aak9913 615:of the Leopoldina, 2013 585:, Honorary Member, 2012 457:Deutscher Zukunftspreis 432:University of Göttingen 310: 118:Three photon microscopy 3734:German Nobel laureates 3521:Armand Paul Alivisatos 3467:Emmanuelle Charpentier 3187:Nobel Prize recipients 3133:Physiology or Medicine 2916:Emmanuelle Charpentier 2904:M. Stanley Whittingham 1875:Hans von Euler-Chelpin 1571:Stefan W. Hell Details 770:10.1002/anie.201511018 651:Glenn T. Seaborg Medal 589:Paul Karrer Gold Medal 530:European Patent Office 3714:Danube-Swabian people 3124:(Japan/United States) 2286:Christian B. Anfinsen 1926:Frédéric Joliot-Curie 643:: Grand Cross of the 631:Romanian Royal Family 371:Heidelberg University 260:[ˈʃtɛfanˈhɛl] 256:German pronunciation: 137:in Nanoscience (2014) 80:Heidelberg University 3644:Christopher A. Walsh 3511:George M. Whitesides 2948:Karl Barry Sharpless 2445:Dudley R. Herschbach 2270:Luis Federico Leloir 1479:ORDEN POUR LE MÉRITE 1312:www.romaniaregala.ro 1287:www.romaniaregala.ro 593:University of Zürich 466:of 148 according to 415:University of Oxford 239:Francisco Balzarotti 217:Siegfried Hunklinger 3433:Mildred Dresselhaus 2940:Carolyn R. Bertozzi 2852:Jean-Pierre Sauvage 2589:Jens Christian Skou 2557:F. Sherwood Rowland 2469:Charles J. Pedersen 2433:Herbert A. Hauptman 2126:Vincent du Vigneaud 1743:Richard Willstätter 1627:Jacobus van 't Hoff 1455:on 22 December 2017 1192:"Course of science" 1097:"CV of Stefan Hell" 721:2017Sci...355..606B 657:Wilhelm Exner Medal 548:Hansen Family Award 403:University of Turku 384:confocal microscopy 186:University of Turku 3475:Virginijus Šikšnys 3366:Ewine van Dishoeck 3346:Alexei Starobinsky 3304:Donald Lynden-Bell 3037:William E. Moerner 2900:John B. Goodenough 2828:William E. Moerner 2708:Richard R. Schrock 2680:Roderick MacKinnon 2652:K. Barry Sharpless 2477:Johann Deisenhofer 2306:Geoffrey Wilkinson 2302:Ernst Otto Fischer 2226:Robert S. Mulliken 2162:Jaroslav Heyrovský 2110:Hermann Staudinger 1930:Irène Joliot-Curie 1556:on Nobelprize.org 1539:"Curriculum vitae" 1222:2014-10-13 at the 1028:on 25 October 2007 998:www.mpibpc.gwdg.de 974:on 25 October 2007 968:"Curriculum Vitae" 925:Andreea Pocotila, 879:Răzvan Băltărețu, 635:Order of the Crown 366:after emigrating. 336:Kingdom of Hungary 252:Stefan Walter Hell 23:Stefan Walter Hell 3671: 3670: 3636:Jean-Louis Mandel 3630:Ardem Patapoutian 3616:Robert Fettiplace 3612:A. James Hudspeth 3602:Michael Merzenich 3570:Cornelia Bargmann 3485:Maximilian Haider 3396:David Charbonneau 3314:Raymond N. Wilson 3251: 3250: 3164:Economic Sciences 3085:Kailash Satyarthi 2973: 2972: 2956:Moungi G. Bawendi 2876:Richard Henderson 2720:Roger D. Kornberg 2688:Aaron Ciechanover 2521:Rudolph A. Marcus 2425:Robert Merrifield 2361:Peter D. Mitchell 2134:Cyril Hinshelwood 1895:Friedrich Bergius 1819:Richard Zsigmondy 1735:Theodore Richards 1683:Ernest Rutherford 1052:www.mpibpc.mpg.de 957:, October 8, 2014 935:, October 8, 2014 908:, October 9, 2014 898:Andreea Ofițeru, 889:, October 8, 2014 810:"Department Hell" 764:(10): 3290–3294. 705:(6325): 606–612. 422:division" at the 332:Treaty of Trianon 299:", together with 249: 248: 153:Scientific career 3821: 3658:Winrich Freiwald 3560:Thomas C. Südhof 3556:Richard Scheller 3517:Robert S. Langer 3457:Christoph Gerber 3332:Michael E. Brown 3278: 3271: 3264: 3255: 3254: 3189: 3091:Malala Yousafzai 3000: 2993: 2986: 2977: 2976: 2966: 2964:Alexei I. Ekimov 2950: 2944:Morten P. Meldal 2934: 2922: 2910: 2894: 2878: 2868:Jacques Dubochet 2862: 2846: 2830: 2814: 2798: 2792:Robert Lefkowitz 2786: 2778: 2762: 2756:Thomas A. Steitz 2746: 2730: 2722: 2714: 2704:Robert H. Grubbs 2698: 2682: 2670: 2654: 2627: 2625:Hideki Shirakawa 2611: 2603: 2591: 2575: 2559: 2543: 2535: 2523: 2515: 2513:Richard R. Ernst 2507: 2499: 2487: 2471: 2455: 2439: 2427: 2419: 2411: 2403: 2391: 2389:Frederick Sanger 2375: 2369:Herbert C. Brown 2363: 2355: 2347: 2345:William Lipscomb 2328: 2316: 2308: 2296: 2280: 2278:Gerhard Herzberg 2272: 2264: 2252: 2244: 2228: 2220: 2212: 2204: 2192: 2180: 2172: 2164: 2156: 2154:Frederick Sanger 2148: 2140: 2138:Nikolay Semyonov 2128: 2120: 2112: 2104: 2092: 2090:Glenn T. Seaborg 2069: 2057: 2049: 2041: 2033: 2017: 2015:Artturi Virtanen 2009: 2001: 1999:George de Hevesy 1993: 1992: 1986: 1985: 1979: 1978: 1972: 1960: 1952: 1940: 1932: 1920: 1912: 1911: 1905: 1897: 1885: 1877: 1865: 1857: 1855:Heinrich Wieland 1849: 1847:Theodor Svedberg 1832: 1831: 1821: 1813: 1812: 1806: 1798: 1790: 1782: 1774: 1773: 1767: 1759: 1758: 1752: 1751: 1745: 1737: 1729: 1721: 1709: 1701: 1693: 1685: 1677: 1669: 1661: 1659:Adolf von Baeyer 1653: 1645: 1643:Svante Arrhenius 1637: 1629: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1577: 1576: 1569:Chemistry Tree: 1561: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1508: 1507: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1471: 1465: 1464: 1462: 1460: 1451:. 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Archived from 964: 958: 946: 942: 936: 924: 920: 909: 896: 890: 878: 874: 868: 867: 865: 863: 857:"Nobelprize.org" 853: 844: 843: 841: 839: 828: 822: 821: 819: 817: 806: 791: 781: 748: 714: 614: 583:Romanian Academy 334:was part of the 270: 269: 268: 262: 257: 230:Notable students 225: 212:Doctoral advisor 206: 132: 54: 51:23 December 1962 50: 48: 33: 19: 18: 3829: 3828: 3824: 3823: 3822: 3820: 3819: 3818: 3674: 3673: 3672: 3667: 3662:Doris Ying Tsao 3654:Nancy Kanwisher 3620:Christine Petit 3530: 3507:David L. Allara 3493:Ondrej Krivanek 3471:Jennifer Doudna 3401: 3324:David C. Jewitt 3310:Jerry E. Nelson 3300:Maarten Schmidt 3288: 3282: 3252: 3247: 3185: 3177: 3158: 3147:May-Britt Moser 3127: 3096: 3066: 3061:Patrick Modiano 3042: 3039:(United States) 3027:(United States) 3011: 3004: 2974: 2969: 2953: 2937: 2928:David MacMillan 2925: 2920:Jennifer Doudna 2913: 2897: 2881: 2865: 2856:Fraser Stoddart 2849: 2840:Paul L. 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Sumner 2020: 2012: 2004: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1983: 1982: 1976: 1975: 1970:Leopold Ružička 1966:Adolf Butenandt 1963: 1955: 1943: 1935: 1923: 1915: 1909: 1908: 1903:Irving Langmuir 1900: 1888: 1880: 1868: 1860: 1852: 1844: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1801: 1793: 1788:Frederick Soddy 1785: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1762: 1756: 1755: 1749: 1748: 1740: 1732: 1724: 1715:Victor Grignard 1712: 1704: 1696: 1691:Wilhelm Ostwald 1688: 1680: 1672: 1664: 1656: 1648: 1640: 1632: 1624: 1613: 1604: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1529: 1528: 1527: 1509: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1494: 1484: 1482: 1473: 1472: 1468: 1458: 1456: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1428: 1426: 1418: 1417: 1413: 1404: 1402: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1369: 1368: 1364: 1354: 1352: 1347: 1346: 1342: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1316: 1314: 1306: 1305: 1301: 1291: 1289: 1281: 1280: 1276: 1266: 1264: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1244: 1242: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1224:Wayback Machine 1213: 1209: 1200: 1198: 1190: 1189: 1185: 1175: 1173: 1163: 1159: 1143: 1139: 1130: 1128: 1120: 1119: 1115: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1094: 1090: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1066: 1056: 1054: 1046: 1045: 1041: 1031: 1029: 1020: 1019: 1012: 1002: 1000: 992: 991: 987: 977: 975: 966: 965: 961: 944: 943: 939: 922: 921: 912: 897: 893: 876: 875: 871: 861: 859: 855: 854: 847: 837: 835: 830: 829: 825: 815: 813: 808: 807: 803: 798: 692: 608: 567:Meyenburg Prize 559:The Gothenburg 539:Otto-Hahn-Preis 524:Nomination for 476: 452:Ernst Karl Abbe 411:STED microscopy 407:Medical Physics 313: 305:William Moerner 264: 263: 255: 237: 219: 204: 184: 179: 174: 162:Physics, optics 143: 140:Otto Hahn Prize 138: 133: 127: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 98:STED microscopy 76:Alma mater 70: 61: 55: 52: 46: 44: 36: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3827: 3817: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3669: 3668: 3666: 3665: 3651: 3633: 3623: 3609: 3606:Carla J. 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Cram 2456: 2440: 2428: 2420: 2412: 2404: 2401:Roald Hoffmann 2392: 2385:Walter Gilbert 2376: 2364: 2356: 2353:Ilya Prigogine 2348: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2329: 2322:John Cornforth 2317: 2309: 2297: 2290:Stanford Moore 2281: 2273: 2265: 2253: 2245: 2238:Ronald Norrish 2229: 2221: 2213: 2205: 2193: 2181: 2173: 2165: 2157: 2149: 2146:Alexander Todd 2141: 2129: 2121: 2113: 2105: 2093: 2086:Edwin McMillan 2080: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2070: 2058: 2050: 2042: 2034: 2018: 2010: 2002: 1994: 1987: 1980: 1973: 1961: 1953: 1946:Norman Haworth 1941: 1933: 1921: 1913: 1906: 1898: 1886: 1878: 1866: 1858: 1850: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1834: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1822: 1814: 1807: 1799: 1791: 1783: 1780:Walther Nernst 1775: 1768: 1760: 1753: 1746: 1738: 1730: 1722: 1710: 1702: 1694: 1686: 1678: 1675:Eduard Buchner 1670: 1662: 1654: 1651:William Ramsay 1646: 1638: 1630: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1614: 1603: 1602: 1595: 1588: 1580: 1574: 1573: 1567: 1562: 1551: 1535: 1510: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1498:External links 1496: 1493: 1492: 1466: 1436: 1424:www.rms.org.uk 1411: 1384: 1362: 1340: 1324: 1299: 1274: 1252: 1227: 1207: 1183: 1157: 1149:Google Scholar 1137: 1113: 1088: 1064: 1039: 1010: 985: 959: 937: 932:România liberă 910: 891: 869: 845: 823: 800: 799: 797: 794: 793: 792: 749: 691: 688: 687: 686: 683:Pour le Mérite 680: 675:Fellow of the 673: 667: 660: 654: 648: 638: 628: 622: 616: 603: 596: 586: 580: 573: 570: 564: 563:prize, 2010/11 557: 551: 545: 542: 536: 533: 522: 516: 510: 507: 504: 501: 498: 495: 492: 489: 483: 480: 475: 472: 468:Google Scholar 388:4Pi microscope 317:Roman Catholic 312: 309: 247: 246: 243: 242: 231: 227: 226: 214: 208: 207: 196: 190: 189: 168: 164: 163: 160: 156: 155: 149: 148: 125: 121: 120: 110:4Pi microscope 106:GSD microscopy 95: 94:Known for 91: 90: 87: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 67: 63: 62: 56: 42: 38: 37: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3826: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3729:Microscopists 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3684:Living people 3682: 3681: 3679: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3634: 3631: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3596: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3584:Brenda Milner 3582: 3579: 3575: 3574:Winfried Denk 3571: 3568: 3565: 3564:James Rothman 3561: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3542:Sten Grillner 3540: 3539: 3537: 3533: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3515: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3424: 3423:Donald Eigler 3421: 3418: 3414: 3413:Louis E. 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Index


Arad
Heidelberg University
STED microscopy
RESOLFT
GSD microscopy
4Pi microscope
Multifocal multiphoton microscopy
Three photon microscopy
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Kavli Prize
Otto Hahn Prize
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
German Cancer Research Center
University of Turku
Thesis
Imaging of transparent microstructures in a confocal microscope
Doctoral advisor
Siegfried Hunklinger
de
Ilaria Testa
Francisco Balzarotti
[ˈʃtɛfanˈhɛl]

physicist
Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
Göttingen
Max Planck Institute for Medical Research

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