159:
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67:
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43:
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Because a splenic rupture permits large amounts of blood to leak into the abdominal cavity, it can result in shock and death. Generally a nonoperative approach is chosen in those who are hemodynamically stable with non-worsening symptoms. During this period of nonoperative management strict bed rest
683:
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186:, while not ideal, may be used to evaluate the presence of internal bleeding a person who is hemodynamically unstable. The FAST exam typically serves to evaluate the need to perform a
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931:
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349:
Betts, J Gordon; Desaix, Peter; Johnson, Eddie; Johnson, Jody E; Korol, Oksana; Kruse, Dean; Poe, Brandon; Wise, James; Womble, Mark D; Young, Kelly A (June 8, 2023).
143:
Non-traumatic causes are less common. These include infectious diseases, medical procedures such as colonoscopy, haematological diseases, medications, and pregnancy.
178:
of the abdomen. Generally this is not specific to splenic injury; however, it is useful to determine the presence of free floating blood in the
546:
175:
190:. Computed tomography with IV contrast is the preferred imaging study as it can provide high quality images of the full peritoneal cavity.
350:
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140:, such as in traffic collisions or sports accidents. Direct, penetrating injuries, for example, stab or gunshot wounds are rare.
636:
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17:
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975:
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Splenic artery embolization is a minimally invasive procedure and, where successful, avoids splenectomy.
183:
378:"613 cases of splenic rupture without risk factors or previously diagnosed disease: A systematic review"
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272:
Calculators have been developed that facilitate grading of splenic injury based on imaging findings.
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66:
698:
288:
198:
AAST (American
Association for the Surgery of Trauma) Organ Injury Scaling: Splenic Injury Grading
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between 24 and 72 hours with careful monitoring along with a CT seven days after the injury.
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108:
and pain in the left flank. Often there is a sharp pain in the left shoulder, known as
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In minor injuries with little bleeding, there may be abdominal pain, tenderness in the
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Traumatic rupture of the spleen on contrast enhanced axial CT (portal venous phase)
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Feliciano, David V.; Mattox, Kenneth L.; Moore, Ernest J. (2012).
355:. Houston: OpenStax CNX. 15.2 Autonomic reflexes and homeostasis.
42:
492:
187:
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750:
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Handin, Robert I.; Lux, Samuel E.; Stossel, Thomas P. (2003).
112:. In larger injuries with more extensive bleeding, signs of
495:; Kilic, Yusuf A. (2008-07-30). "Injuries to the Spleen".
291:, most physicians will advise against activities (such as
348:
310:. This helps to replace the lost function of this organ.
287:
If an individual's spleen is enlarged, as is frequent in
1035:
Injuries of abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine and pelvis
295:) where injury to the abdomen could be catastrophic.
650:
629:
Current
Therapy of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care
375:
136:
The most common cause of a ruptured spleen is blunt
440:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 641.
170:Splenic hematoma resulting in free abdominal blood
88:. The rupture of a normal spleen can be caused by
947:Nonmusculoskeletal injuries of abdomen and pelvis
1026:
497:European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery
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298:Patients whose spleens have been removed via a
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766:
580:"About Mono (Infectious Mononucleosis) | CDC"
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437:Blood: Principles and Practice of Hematology
302:must receive immunizations to help prevent
254:Major devascularization (>25% of spleen)
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116:are most prominent. This might include a
610:Trauma, Seventh Edition (Trauma (Moore))
174:Splenic rupture is usually evaluated by
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157:
626:
547:"Spleen Trauma Injury Score Calculator"
376:Aubrey-Bassler, F.; Sowers, N. (2012).
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631:(1st ed.). Philadelphia: Mosby.
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146:In less than one percent of cases of
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202:Splenic injury scale classification
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25:
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243:>50% surface area or expanding
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224:<1 cm parenchymal depth
842:Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
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976:Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia
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235:1–3 cm parenchymal depth
13:
1:
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981:Gastrointestinal perforation
612:. McGraw-Hill Professional.
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184:diagnostic peritoneal lavage
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7:
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264:Completely shattered spleen
246:>3-cm parenchymal depth
150:splenic rupture may occur.
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509:10.1007/s00068-008-8102-0
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128:, paleness, and anxiety.
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50:Spleen ruptured by trauma
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40:
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627:Trunkey, Donald (2008).
352:Anatomy & Physiology
148:infectious mononucleosis
395:10.1186/1471-227X-12-11
84:, is any injury to the
382:BMC Emergency Medicine
171:
163:
169:
161:
971:Blunt splenic trauma
493:Uranues, Prof Selman
477:Trunkey 2008, p. 401
221:<10% surface area
210:Subcapsular hematoma
27:Injury to the spleen
1009:Uterine perforation
863:Trabecular arteries
569:Mattox 2012, p. 570
465:Mattox 2012, p. 566
232:10–50% surface area
203:
80:, which includes a
896:Splenic infarction
725:External resources
201:
194:Organ injury scale
172:
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122:low blood pressure
100:Signs and symptoms
61:Emergency medicine
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991:Pancreatic injury
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819:Cords of Billroth
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638:978-0-323-04418-9
619:978-0-07-166351-9
362:978-1-947172-04-3
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114:hypovolemic shock
94:traffic collision
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30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
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176:FAST ultrasound
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126:rapid breathing
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82:ruptured spleen
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503:(4): 355–361.
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588:. Retrieved
586:. 2021-03-17
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92:, such as a
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584:www.cdc.gov
551:Rad At Hand
325:Kehr's sign
300:splenectomy
213:Laceration
118:rapid pulse
110:Kehr's sign
106:epigastrium
1029:Categories
856:Blood flow
834:White pulp
801:Trabeculae
710:DiseasesDB
590:2022-07-17
556:2024-07-11
336:References
304:infections
180:peritoneum
789:Structure
734:eMedicine
517:1863-9933
308:pneumonia
276:Treatment
154:Diagnosis
56:Specialty
811:Red pulp
739:med/2792
525:26815812
414:22889306
314:See also
306:such as
954:Abdomen
704:D013161
533:8808584
405:3532171
188:CT scan
1001:Pelvic
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531:
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388:: 11.
359:
132:Causes
90:trauma
86:spleen
63:
796:Hilum
715:12369
678:S36.0
529:S2CID
207:Grade
878:Pain
699:MeSH
688:9-CM
633:ISBN
614:ISBN
521:PMID
513:ISSN
442:ISBN
410:PMID
357:ISBN
182:. A
693:865
684:ICD
669:ICD
505:doi
400:PMC
390:doi
240:III
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958:GI
956:/
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251:IV
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
