568:
54:
217:
987:
765:
784:
1727:
595:
553:
583:
1608:
1751:
1739:
1653:, white pulp is always relatively plentiful, and in birds and some mammals the spleen is typically rounded, but it adjusts its shape somewhat to the arrangement of the surrounding organs. In most vertebrates, the spleen continues to produce red blood cells throughout life; only in mammals this function is lost in middle-aged adults. Many mammals have tiny spleen-like structures known as
372:, and has a smooth, convex surface that faces the diaphragm. It is underneath the ninth, tenth, and eleventh ribs. The other side of the spleen is divided by a ridge into two regions: an anterior gastric portion, and a posterior renal portion. The gastric surface is directed forward, upward, and toward the middle, is broad and concave, and is in contact with the posterior wall of the
611:
1230:. Encapsulated bacteria inhibit binding of complement or prevent complement assembled on the capsule from interacting with macrophage receptors. Phagocytosis needs natural antibodies, which are immunoglobulins that facilitate phagocytosis either directly or by complement deposition on the capsule. They are produced by
541:
An easy way to remember the anatomy of the spleen is the 1×3×5×7×9×10×11 rule. The spleen is 1 by 3 by 5 inches (3 by 8 by 13 cm), weighs approximately 7 oz (200 g), and lies between the 9th and 11th ribs on the left-hand side and along the axis of the 10th rib. The weight varies
787:
The spleen contains two different tissues, white pulp (A) and red pulp (B). The white pulp functions in producing and growing immune and blood cells. The red pulp functions in filtering blood of antigens, microorganisms, and defective or worn-out red blood
380:. The renal surface is directed medialward and downward. It is somewhat flattened, considerably narrower than the gastric surface, and is in relation with the upper part of the anterior surface of the left kidney and occasionally with the left
1388:
There has been a long and varied history of misconceptions regarding the physiological role of the spleen, and it has often been seen as a reservoir for juices closely linked to digestion. In various cultures, the organ has been linked to
2225:
Chow, Kai Uwe; Luxembourg, Beate; Seifried, Erhard; Bonig, Halvard (2016). "Spleen Size Is
Significantly Influenced by Body Height and Sex: Establishment of Normal Values for Spleen Size at US with a Cohort of 1200 Healthy Individuals".
960:
and other formed elements. The spleen of horses stores roughly 30 percent of the red blood cells and can release them when needed. In humans, up to a cup (240 ml) of red blood cells is held within the spleen and released in cases of
1300:
is a congenital disease manifested by multiple small accessory spleens, rather than a single, full-sized, normal spleen. Polysplenia sometimes occurs alone, but it is often accompanied by other developmental abnormalities such as
1657:
throughout the body that are presumed to have the same function as the spleen. The spleens of aquatic mammals differ in some ways from those of fully land-dwelling mammals; in general they are bluish in colour. In
1968:
Swirski, FK; Nahrendorf, M; Etzrodt, M; Wildgruber, M; Cortez-Retamozo, V; Panizzi, P; Figueiredo, JL; Kohler, RH; Chudnovskiy, A; Waterman, P; Aikawa, E; Mempel, TR; Libby, P; Weissleder, R; Pittet, MJ (2009).
2959:
3161:(2002). "Polysemy and synomyny and how these concepts were understood from the eighteenth century onwards in treatises, and applied dictionaries of English". In Coleman J, McDermott A (ed.).
3291:
The
English Malady; or, A Treatise of Nervous Diseases of All Kinds, as Spleen, Vapours, Lowness of Spirits, Hypochondriacal and Hysterical Distempers with the Author's Own Case at Large
3163:
Historical dictionaries and historical
Dictionary Research: Papers from the international conference on historical lexicography and lexicology, at the University of Leicester, 2002
1726:
1109:
Splenomegaly can result from antigenic stimulation (e.g., infection), obstruction of blood flow (e.g., portal vein obstruction), underlying functional abnormality (e.g.,
594:
1121:). The most common cause of acute splenomegaly in children is viral infection, which is transient and usually moderate. Basic work-up for acute splenomegaly includes a
1916:"A study on the correlation between spleen volume estimated via cavalieri principle on computed tomography images with basic hemogram and biochemical blood parameters"
1401:, in which the spleen was believed to be a reservoir for an elusive fluid known as "black bile" (one of the four humours). The spleen also plays an important role in
2911:"Hepatic splenosis mimicking HCC in a patient with hepatitis C liver cirrhosis and mildly raised alpha feto protein; the important role of explorative laparoscopy"
3036:
192:
2789:
Kruetzmann, S; Rosado, MM; Weber, H; Germing, U; Tournilhac, O; Peter, HH; Berner, R; Peters, A; Boehm, T; Plebani, A; Quinti, I; Carsetti, R (Apr 7, 2003).
567:
1692:). Even in these animals, there is a diffuse layer of haematopoeitic tissue within the gut wall, which has a similar structure to red pulp and is presumed
2365:"The collateral arterial network of the spleen following ligation of the splenic artery in traumatic rupture of the spleen; an arteriographic study"
582:
3063:
2569:"Rapid neutrophil mobilization by VCAM-1+ endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles | Cardiovascular Research | Oxford Academic"
3568:
168:
2644:
Lodin-Sundström, Angelica; Schagatay, Erika (June 2010). "Spleen contraction during 20 min normobaric hypoxia and 2 min apnea in humans".
2108:
704:
3445:
Old JM, Selwood L, Deane EM (2004). "A developmental investigation of the liver, bone marrow and spleen of the stripe-faced dunnart (
3808:
1357:, sometimes radiating to the left shoulder. Fever and chills develop in some cases. It has to be differentiated from other causes of
3349:
3327:
1767:
1280:. Accessory spleens are found in approximately 10 percent of the population and are typically around 1 centimeter in diameter.
3384:
3298:
3170:
2893:
2427:
2154:
1502:
The spleen, as a byword for melancholy, has also been considered an actual disease. In the early 18th century, the physician
2615:
2964:
1227:
1522:, drawing on her first-hand experiences of an affliction which, at the time, also had a reputation of being a fashionably
2568:
3478:"The appearance and distribution of mature T and B cells in the developing immune tissues of the stripe-faced dunnart (
2838:
Dennis
Robinette, C.; Fraumeni, Josephf. (1977). "Splenectomy and Subsequent Mortality in Veterans of the 1939–45 War".
1511:
3205:
1803:
4056:
552:
3585:
3110:
Riva MA, Ferraina F, Paleari A, Lenti MV, Di
Sabatino A (2019). "From sadness to stiffness: the spleen's progress".
2523:
Vellguth, Swantje; Brita von
Gaudecker; Hans-Konrad Müller-Hermelink (1985). "The development of the human spleen".
1210:. Hyposplenia refers to a partially functioning spleen. These conditions may cause a modest increase in circulating
4124:
3642:
3034:
Nores, M1; Phillips, EH; Morgenstern, L; Hiatt, JR (February 1998). "The
Clinical Spectrum of Splenic Infarction".
2791:"Human immunoglobulin M memory B cells controlling Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are generated in the spleen"
2145:
Loscalzo, Joseph; Fauci, Anthony S.; Braunwald, Eugene; Dennis L. Kasper; Hauser, Stephen L; Longo, Dan L. (2008).
3615:
1256:
veterans whose spleens were removed on the battlefield showed a significant increase in the usual death rate from
3929:
3711:
2590:
941:
in the adult, the spleen has important hematopoietic functions up until the 5th month of gestation. After birth,
881:
642:. In addition to the splenic artery, collateral blood supply is provided by the adjacent short gastric arteries.
2679:
1252:(removal of the spleen) results in a greatly diminished frequency of memory B cells. A 28-year follow-up of 740
4064:
1565:, "splénétique" refers to a state of pensive sadness or melancholy. This usage was popularised by the poems of
3801:
1354:
945:
functions cease, except in some hematologic disorders. As a major lymphoid organ and a central player in the
187:
17:
3574:
2746:
Carsetti, R; Rosado, MM; Wardmann, H (February 2004). "Peripheral development of B cells in mouse and man".
3994:
1402:
724:
338:
275:
1091:. Marked splenomegaly may result in the spleen occupying a large portion of the left side of the abdomen.
3523:"The detection of mature T and B-cells during development of the lymphoid tissues of the tammar wallaby (
2443:
1732:
Transverse section of the spleen, showing the trabecular tissue and the splenic vein and its tributaries
1330:
is a condition in which blood flow supply to the spleen is compromised, leading to partial or complete
1153:
946:
650:
1626:, the spleen consists primarily of red pulp and is normally somewhat elongated, as it lies inside the
53:
4134:
4119:
4099:
3875:
3293:, Dublin, 1733. Facsimile ed., ed. Eric T. Carlson, M.D., 1976, Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints,
3286:
1527:
600:
Side of thorax, showing surface markings for bones, lungs (purple), pleura (blue), and spleen (green)
574:
559:
405:
949:, the spleen retains the ability to produce lymphocytes and, as such, remains a hematopoietic organ.
4022:
3794:
2703:
Di
Sabatino, A; Carsetti, R; Corazza, GR (Jul 2, 2011). "Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states".
2591:"Horse science: What makes a Derby winner – Spleen acts as a 'natural blood doper,' scientist says"
2525:
1750:
1068:
1060:
546:), correlating mainly to height, body weight and degree of acute congestion but not to sex or age.
151:
2466:"The Spleen: A Hub Connecting Nervous and Immune Systems in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases"
2144:
4129:
3861:
3843:
3826:
1555:
1138:
1076:
828:
31:
3007:
Jaroch MT, Broughan TA, Hermann RE (October 1986). "The natural history of splenic infarction".
266:. It removes old red blood cells and holds a reserve of blood, which can be valuable in case of
4114:
1776:
1394:
1302:
1261:
1072:
1028:
973:
in case of an emergency and also clears old platelets from the circulation. Up to a quarter of
700:
658:
623:
388:
245:
199:
175:
163:
38:
3571:
at Human
Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "The visceral surface of the spleen."
3057:
1596:
1222:, and an increased susceptibility to infection. In particular, there is an increased risk of
1106:
in any child over the age of 3–4 years should be considered abnormal until proven otherwise.
326:
271:
3252:
Rogers KM (1989). "Finch's "Candid
Account" vs. Eighteenth–Century Theories of the Spleen".
2419:
2412:
2320:
Sprogøe-Jakobsen, Susan; Sprogøe-Jakobsen, Ulrik (1997). "The weight of the normal spleen".
3900:
3670:
3635:
3606:
2085:
2042:
1982:
1611:
1591:. It is not widely eaten as a principal ingredient, but cow spleen sandwiches are eaten in
1478:
1122:
1118:
1052:
1044:
3597:
1971:"Identification of splenic reservoir monocytes and their deployment to inflammatory sites"
341:
and is analogous to a large lymph node, as its absence causes a predisposition to certain
321:
which remove antibody-coated bacteria and antibody-coated blood cells by way of blood and
8:
3944:
3732:
1461:
1291:
1277:
1207:
1056:
401:
267:
3076:
2046:
1986:
783:
3765:
3551:
3522:
3506:
3477:
3430:
3401:
3269:
3234:
3135:
2937:
2910:
2863:
2815:
2790:
2771:
2728:
2550:
2522:
2500:
2465:
2392:
2302:
2207:
2063:
2030:
2003:
1970:
1940:
1915:
1893:
1782:
1693:
1619:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1558:
and hypochondriac tendencies that were thought to be characteristic of English people.
1327:
1322:
1129:
and atypical lymphocyte counts to exclude hemolytic anemia and leukemia. Assessment of
1016:
871:
369:
349:
3580:
3222:
3093:
2851:
2716:
2464:
Lori, Andrea; Perrotta, Marialuisa; Lembo, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Daniela (2017-06-07).
2333:
216:
3979:
3912:
3688:
3542:
3497:
3421:
3380:
3309:
3294:
3261:
3226:
3166:
3139:
3127:
3045:
3016:
2984:
2942:
2909:
Abu Hilal M; Harb A; Zeidan B; Steadman B; Primrose JN; Pearce NW (January 5, 2009).
2889:
2855:
2820:
2763:
2720:
2661:
2542:
2505:
2487:
2423:
2384:
2345:
2337:
2294:
2286:
2251:
2243:
2199:
2191:
2150:
2127:
2068:
2008:
1945:
1885:
1842:
1815:
1531:
1503:
1469:
1446:
1174:
1170:
1098:
in the body. It is normally palpable in preterm infants, in 30% of normal, full-term
1040:
1036:
966:
712:
325:
circulation. These monocytes, upon moving to injured tissue (such as the heart after
3238:
2867:
2775:
2759:
2732:
2554:
2396:
2306:
2211:
1642:, it has the more rounded form and there is often a greater quantity of white pulp.
4104:
4069:
4012:
3989:
3949:
3818:
3737:
3546:
3538:
3501:
3493:
3458:
3425:
3417:
3218:
3119:
2932:
2922:
2847:
2810:
2802:
2755:
2712:
2653:
2534:
2495:
2477:
2376:
2329:
2278:
2235:
2183:
2117:
2058:
2050:
1998:
1990:
1935:
1927:
1897:
1877:
1535:
1273:
1231:
1211:
1199:
1110:
900:
Other functions of the spleen are less prominent, especially in the healthy adult:
740:
654:
635:
78:
2363:
Keramidas, D. C.; Kelekis, D.; Dolatzas, T.; Aivazoglou, T.; Voyatzis, N. (1984).
2269:
Molina, D. Kimberley; DiMaio, Vincent J.M. (2012). "Normal Organ Weights in Men".
1506:
considered it to be one of the two most prevalent diseases in England (along with
764:
4109:
4074:
4034:
3974:
3969:
3934:
3786:
3760:
3716:
3628:
2282:
1623:
1562:
1547:
1539:
1306:
1287:
1178:
1095:
1088:
839:
824:
728:
665:
619:
543:
229:
156:
3591:
1703:
so that, upon injury, they can migrate to the injured tissue and transform into
588:
Back of lumbar region, showing surface markings for kidneys, ureters, and spleen
524:
The spleen, in healthy adult humans, is approximately 7 to 14 centimetres (3 to
3775:
3770:
3123:
2978:
2881:
1834:
1704:
1689:
1414:
1370:
1350:
1338:
1165:
1102:, and in 5% to 10% of infants and toddlers. A spleen easily palpable below the
953:
942:
930:
812:
772:
689:
685:
627:
330:
259:
115:
91:
3462:
2623:
2239:
2171:
4093:
4044:
3917:
3895:
3693:
3665:
3265:
2491:
2341:
2290:
2247:
2195:
2122:
2103:
1712:
1433:
1358:
1242:
1234:
1103:
1048:
938:
845:
835:
381:
263:
180:
139:
74:
2054:
1994:
1819:
1607:
986:
3984:
3755:
3230:
3158:
3131:
2988:
2946:
2824:
2767:
2724:
2665:
2657:
2509:
2380:
2364:
2298:
2255:
2172:"Der Bandapparat der Milz und seine Bedeutung bei chirurgischen Eingriffen"
2131:
2072:
2012:
1949:
1889:
1846:
1685:
1654:
1507:
1410:
1346:
1310:
1253:
1126:
1012:
1006:
776:
744:
732:
631:
103:
69:
3049:
3020:
2927:
2608:
2546:
2388:
2349:
2203:
1779: – Transfer of spleen or its fragments from one individual to another
1738:
1473:
703:
processes coordinating the spleen's function seem to be embedded into the
391:, splenorenal ligament, colicosplenic ligament, and phrenocolic ligament.
337:
while promoting tissue healing. The spleen is a center of activity of the
4039:
3835:
3747:
3601:
2806:
2482:
1670:, they can be massive, due to their function of storing red blood cells.
1523:
1390:
1297:
1286:
is a condition where displaced pieces of splenic tissue (often following
1249:
1203:
1144:
Calculators have been developed for measurements of spleen size based on
1020:
994:
990:
974:
962:
934:
693:
357:
3374:
3273:
2859:
1260:(6 rather than the expected 1.3) and an increase in the death rate from
4004:
3924:
3703:
2538:
2187:
1931:
1708:
1342:
1331:
1149:
1084:
957:
923:
864:
855:
768:
736:
334:
322:
314:
291:
279:
237:
233:
2788:
1276:
is a small splenic nodule extra to the spleen usually formed in early
771:
of splenic tissue showing the red pulp (red), white pulp (blue) and a
2594:
1868:
Mebius, RE; Kraal, G (2005). "Structure and function of the spleen".
1635:
1631:
1425:
while possibly suggesting a link with the humoral view of the organ.
1398:
1282:
1257:
970:
912:
708:
669:
342:
318:
299:
283:
2680:"Splenic Index & Volume Calculator (CT/MRI/US)+ Expected Normal"
2313:
2170:
Ostermann, P. A. W.; Schreiber, H. W.; Lierse, W. (September 1987).
1881:
3907:
3680:
2908:
1700:
1667:
1659:
1543:
1422:
1374:
1215:
1195:
1190:
1141:. Other infections should be excluded if these tests are negative.
1114:
1099:
1032:
816:
806:
542:
between 1 oz (28 g) and 8 oz (230 g) (standard
377:
310:
220:
A 3D medical animation still of spleen structure and exact location
3402:"Development of the lymphoid tissues of the stripe-faced dunnart (
2362:
1967:
860:
Active immune response through humoral and cell-mediated pathways.
205:
2702:
1681:
1677:
1663:
1646:
1450:
1406:
1377:
1264:(41 rather than the expected 30), but not from other conditions.
1219:
1145:
1024:
916:
908:
748:
373:
353:
2888:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. p. 187.
2319:
27:
Organ recycling old red blood cells and also housing lymphocytes
4029:
4017:
3961:
3853:
3620:
3254:
Mosaic: A Journal for the Interdisciplinary Study of Literature
1673:
Marsupials have y-shaped spleens, and it develops postnatally.
1650:
1627:
1592:
1418:
1238:
1223:
1080:
885:
875:
646:
287:
86:
3379:. Philadelphia: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 410–11.
2622:. Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh. 2010-11-17. Archived from
1421:(tractate Berachoth 61b) refers to the spleen as the organ of
1181:, which is a situation requiring immediate medical attention.
723:
The spleen is unique in respect to its development within the
3033:
2745:
1814:(New (9th) ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 1628.
1588:
1587:
The spleen is one of the many organs that may be included in
1482:, he uses the spleen to describe Cassius's irritable nature:
1436:
1134:
639:
303:
241:
127:
110:
1614:
view of a horse's spleen (the purple and grey mottled organ)
2224:
1639:
1064:
610:
295:
98:
2463:
1914:
Sahin, NE; Oner, Z; Oner, S; Turan, MK (10 January 2022).
1595:
cuisine. Chicken spleen is one of the main ingredients of
904:
Spleen produces all types of blood cells during fetal life
356:. The surgical process to remove the spleen is known as a
1515:
1417:(its Yang counterpart is the stomach). In contrast, the
1130:
3109:
2837:
2643:
2169:
3616:
Normal range of spleen size for a given age in children
2271:
The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
1833:
Kapila, Vaishali; Wehrle, Chase J.; Tuma, Faiz (2022),
739:. Specifically, the spleen forms within, and from, the
348:
In humans, the spleen is purple in color and is in the
2970:
1341:
or one of its branches are occluded, for example by a
290:
portion of hemoglobin is degraded to its constitutive
3006:
1806:. In Jones, Henry Stuart; McKenzie, Roderick (eds.).
1202:, or caused by traumatic injury, surgical resection (
743:. However, it still shares the same blood supply—the
618:
Near the middle of the spleen is a long fissure, the
2102:
Brender, Erin (2005-11-23). Richard M. Glass (ed.).
1772:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
1334:(tissue death due to oxygen shortage) in the organ.
3375:Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977).
376:. Below this it is in contact with the tail of the
258:The spleen plays very important roles in regard to
3816:
3204:
2411:
2218:
1913:
1785: – Surgical removal of fluid from the spleen
1493:Though it do split you; for, from this day forth,
1198:refers to a non-functioning spleen, which may be
387:There are four ligaments attached to the spleen:
4091:
3350:"Dining Out / Mixed Jerusalem grill in Tel Aviv"
3165:. Germany: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 170–171.
2977:Chapman, J; Bhimji, SS (2018), "article-29380",
2262:
1909:
1907:
1832:
1666:they tend to be quite small, but in deep diving
1514:(later, Countess of Winchilsea) had published a
1495:I'll use you for my mirth, yea, for my laughter,
1137:) is indicated to confirm Epstein–Barr virus or
3475:
3444:
3399:
2983:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
2582:
1530:treated this malady as the male equivalent of "
3153:
3151:
3149:
1841:, Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing,
1676:The only vertebrates lacking a spleen are the
1313:. These accessory spleens are non-functional.
1294:in the abdominal cavity as accessory spleens.
368:The spleen is underneath the left part of the
3802:
3636:
2976:
2418:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p.
1904:
1802:Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940).
1133:antibodies to viral capsid antigen (a rising
661:and the splenic artery supply it with blood.
3198:
3196:
3194:
3157:
2616:"Spleen: Information, Surgery and Functions"
2268:
2095:
2031:"Immunology: Dispensable but not irrelevant"
1801:
1526:disease of the English. Both Blackmore and
1445:), where it was the idiomatic equivalent of
3146:
3105:
3103:
3062:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3000:
2646:Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
2470:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
2409:
2109:Journal of the American Medical Association
1867:
1699:In mice, the spleen stores half the body's
1487:Must I observe you? must I stand and crouch
622:, which is the point of attachment for the
3809:
3795:
3643:
3629:
3245:
2446:. Medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com
2147:Harrison's principles of internal medicine
2116:(20). Illustrated by Allison Burke: 2660.
1491:You shall digest the venom of your spleen,
52:
3550:
3505:
3429:
3328:"Spleen Sandwiches: An Italian Tradition"
3251:
3191:
2936:
2926:
2814:
2499:
2481:
2121:
2062:
2002:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1939:
977:are stored in the spleen at any one time.
3520:
3451:Developmental and Comparative Immunology
3100:
2028:
1863:
1861:
1606:
1094:The spleen is the largest collection of
985:
981:
782:
763:
609:
215:
3607:"Finally, the Spleen Gets Some Respect"
2874:
2101:
2086:"Finally, the Spleen Gets Some Respect"
1696:with the spleen of higher vertebrates.
1125:with differential, platelet count, and
1083:. Primary tumors of the spleen include
634:. There are other openings present for
244:filter. The word spleen comes from
14:
4092:
1956:
1768:Asplenia with cardiovascular anomalies
1383:
1011:Enlargement of the spleen is known as
3790:
3624:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3347:
3202:
2880:
2588:
2024:
2022:
1858:
1575:, but it was also present in earlier
3577:at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
3476:Old JM, Selwood L, Deane EM (2004).
3400:Old JM, Selwood L, Deane EM (2002).
2795:The Journal of Experimental Medicine
1822:– via Perseus Digital Library.
1795:
1718:
1489:Under your testy humour? By the gods
1309:, or cardiac abnormalities, such as
1228:polysaccharide encapsulated bacteria
735:derived, the spleen is derived from
3325:
3070:
1337:Splenic infarction occurs when the
1267:
705:hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis
626:and the point of insertion for the
24:
3363:
2915:World Journal of Surgical Oncology
2019:
1355:left upper quadrant of the abdomen
1000:
236:. Similar in structure to a large
25:
4146:
3562:
3314:Treatise of the spleen and vapors
2176:Langenbeck's Archiv für Chirurgie
1756:Laparoscopic view of human spleen
1546:". In the late 18th century, the
1364:
1159:
688:, which connects a branch of the
3650:
3543:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2003.00207.x
3498:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00310.x
3422:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00310.x
1749:
1737:
1725:
1602:
1577:19th-century Romantic literature
1349:, the typical symptom is severe
1218:, a diminished response to some
926:following myocardial infarction.
684:The spleen is innervated by the
593:
581:
566:
551:
3930:Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
3712:Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
3514:
3469:
3438:
3393:
3341:
3319:
3303:
3280:
3179:
3112:Internal and Emergency Medicine
3086:
3027:
2953:
2902:
2831:
2782:
2760:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.0109.x
2739:
2696:
2672:
2637:
2561:
2516:
2457:
2436:
2403:
2369:Zeitschrift für Kinderchirurgie
2356:
2163:
1569:(1821–1867) and his collection
1405:, where it is considered to be
1397:and the associated doctrine of
882:periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
831:"), which are filled with blood
679:
605:
394:
3586:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
3188:by William Shakespeare Act 4:1
2322:Forensic Science International
2138:
2079:
1826:
1369:The spleen may be affected by
775:(mostly pink – top of image).
718:
614:Visceral surface of the spleen
313:-producing lymphocytes in its
13:
1:
3223:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08479-9
3083:. Accessed on: June 21, 2008.
2852:10.1016/S0140-6736(77)90132-5
2717:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61493-6
2410:Blackbourne, Lorne H (2008).
2334:10.1016/S0379-0738(97)00103-5
1789:
1534:", while preferring the more
1453:, in his satires, associated
1373:, in which it is coated with
1316:
1067:, glandular fever (including
3348:Rogov, Daniel (2007-03-22).
2965:Dorland's Medical Dictionary
2589:Carey, Bjorn (May 5, 2006).
2283:10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad
1403:traditional Chinese medicine
1117:or storage disease, such as
993:enlarged spleen taken after
874:" (or "follicles"), rich in
863:Composed of nodules, called
653:. The spleen is part of the
649:, the spleen possesses only
573:Maximum length of spleen on
363:
339:mononuclear phagocyte system
276:mononuclear phagocyte system
58:Position of the human spleen
7:
2886:Clinically Oriented Anatomy
1761:
1184:
754:
10:
4151:
3592:"The Spleen (for Parents)"
3124:10.1007/s11739-019-02115-2
2593:. NBC News. Archived from
2029:Jia, T; Pamer, EG (2009).
1920:Anatomy & Cell Biology
1870:Nature Reviews. Immunology
1457:with immoderate laughter.
1437:
1393:, due to the influence of
1320:
1188:
1163:
1113:), or infiltration (e.g.,
1004:
947:reticuloendothelial system
773:thickened inflamed capsule
651:efferent lymphatic vessels
302:, which is removed in the
298:portion is metabolized to
36:
29:
4055:
4003:
3995:Waldeyer's tonsillar ring
3960:
3883:
3874:
3852:
3834:
3825:
3746:
3725:
3702:
3679:
3658:
3521:Old JM, Deane EM (2003).
3463:10.1016/j.dci.2003.08.004
3326:Rao, Tejal (2010-05-03).
3081:Online Medical Dictionary
2240:10.1148/radiol.2015150887
1464:frequently used the word
867:. These are composed of:
848:" bordering on white pulp
811:Mechanical filtration of
575:abdominal ultrasonography
560:abdominal ultrasonography
415:
412:
406:abdominal ultrasonography
240:, it acts primarily as a
198:
186:
174:
162:
150:
138:
126:
121:
109:
97:
85:
68:
63:
51:
46:
4023:High endothelial venules
3569:Anatomy figure: 38:03-01
2526:Cell and Tissue Research
2123:10.1001/jama.294.20.2660
1345:. Although it can occur
1071:or 'Mono' caused by the
1061:hereditary spherocytosis
895:
727:. While most of the gut
408:by height of the person
4125:Lymphatics of the torso
3844:Hematopoietic stem cell
2444:"Penicilliary radicles"
2149:. McGraw-Hill Medical.
2055:10.1126/science.1178329
1995:10.1126/science.1175202
1808:A Greek-English Lexicon
1582:
1206:) or a disease such as
937:is the primary site of
759:
262:(erythrocytes) and the
32:Spleen (disambiguation)
2658:10.3357/ASEM.2682.2010
2381:10.1055/s-2008-1044169
1777:Spleen transplantation
1615:
1500:
1497:When you are waspish.
1395:ancient Greek medicine
1303:intestinal malrotation
1262:ischemic heart disease
1175:road traffic collision
1029:bacterial endocarditis
1015:. It may be caused by
997:
815:. In mice: Reserve of
789:
780:
659:short gastric arteries
624:gastrosplenic ligament
615:
389:gastrosplenic ligament
221:
200:Anatomical terminology
39:anatomical terminology
3594:, from KidsHealth.org
3094:"Sugar-coated spleen"
2928:10.1186/1477-7819-7-1
2748:Immunological Reviews
2104:"Spleen Patient Page"
1684:(the early-branching
1610:
1597:Jerusalem mixed grill
1484:
1179:rupture of the spleen
989:
982:Clinical significance
865:Malpighian corpuscles
786:
767:
674:penicilliary radicles
613:
538: in) in length.
327:myocardial infarction
286:red blood cells. The
219:
3862:Hassall's corpuscles
3531:Cells Tissues Organs
3480:Sminthopsis macroura
3447:Sminthopsis macroura
3410:Cells Tissues Organs
3404:Sminthopsis macroura
3037:The American Surgeon
2807:10.1084/jem.20022020
2483:10.3390/ijms18061216
1835:"Physiology, Spleen"
1770: – rare disease
1123:complete blood count
404:of spleen length by
232:found in almost all
30:For other uses, see
3945:Trabecular arteries
3733:Trabecular arteries
3377:The Vertebrate Body
2088:By Natalie Angier,
2047:2009Sci...325..549J
1987:2009Sci...325..612S
1462:William Shakespeare
1449:in modern English.
1384:Society and culture
1208:sickle cell anaemia
1075:and infection from
409:
402:confidence interval
350:left upper quadrant
274:. As a part of the
3766:Splenic infarction
3611:The New York Times
3575:Anatomy image:7881
3486:Journal of Anatomy
3310:Blackmore, Richard
2571:. Academic.oup.com
2539:10.1007/BF00225424
2188:10.1007/BF01259432
2090:The New York Times
1932:10.5115/acb.21.177
1783:Splenic aspiration
1616:
1572:Le Spleen de Paris
1567:Charles Baudelaire
1476:and merriment. In
1409:that displays the
1328:Splenic infarction
1323:Splenic infarction
1073:Epstein–Barr virus
1017:sickle cell anemia
998:
884:" (PALS), rich in
872:lymphoid follicles
790:
781:
737:mesenchymal tissue
616:
518:10.2–14.4 cm
399:
309:The spleen houses
222:
37:This article uses
4087:
4086:
4083:
4082:
3913:Cords of Billroth
3870:
3869:
3784:
3783:
3689:Cords of Billroth
3598:"Spleen Diseases"
3386:978-0-03-910284-5
3299:978-0-8201-1281-7
3172:978-3-11-091260-9
2895:978-0-683-06133-8
2597:on April 15, 2015
2429:978-0-7817-7076-7
2156:978-0-07-146633-2
1719:Additional images
1504:Richard Blackmore
1415:the Earth element
1212:white blood cells
1119:Gaucher's disease
1053:Hodgkin's disease
1045:Gaucher's disease
1041:pernicious anemia
1037:polycythemia vera
893:
892:
713:subfornical organ
711:, especially the
636:lymphatic vessels
522:
521:
508:9.7–14.3 cm
498:9.3–13.6 cm
488:9.3–13.4 cm
478:8.6–13.4 cm
467:8.6–13.1 cm
456:8.5–12.5 cm
445:8.9–11.3 cm
278:, it metabolizes
268:hemorrhagic shock
214:
213:
209:
16:(Redirected from
4142:
4135:Organs (anatomy)
4120:Lymphatic system
4100:Spleen (anatomy)
4013:Lymphatic vessel
3990:Tonsillar crypts
3950:Trabecular veins
3881:
3880:
3876:Secondary organs
3832:
3831:
3819:lymphatic system
3811:
3804:
3797:
3788:
3787:
3738:Trabecular veins
3645:
3638:
3631:
3622:
3621:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3525:Macropus eugenii
3518:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3372:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3323:
3317:
3307:
3301:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3249:
3243:
3242:
3208:
3203:Bynum B (2002).
3200:
3189:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3155:
3144:
3143:
3107:
3098:
3097:
3090:
3084:
3077:"Hyaloserositis"
3074:
3068:
3067:
3061:
3053:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2980:Splenic Infarcts
2974:
2968:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2940:
2930:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2846:(8029): 127–29.
2835:
2829:
2828:
2818:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2485:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2417:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2099:
2093:
2092:, August 3, 2009
2083:
2077:
2076:
2066:
2041:(5940): 549–50.
2026:
2017:
2016:
2006:
1981:(5940): 612–16.
1965:
1954:
1953:
1943:
1911:
1902:
1901:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1799:
1773:
1753:
1741:
1729:
1440:
1439:
1428:Etymologically,
1347:asymptomatically
1290:or splenectomy)
1274:accessory spleen
1268:Accessory spleen
1111:hemolytic anemia
1089:hemangiosarcomas
969:. It can store
840:reticular fibers
792:
791:
741:dorsal mesentery
668:are supplied by
666:germinal centers
655:lymphatic system
597:
585:
570:
555:
537:
536:
532:
529:
475:8.1–12.3 cm
464:8.3–13.0 cm
453:7.5–11.9 cm
442:7.4–12.2 cm
410:
398:
206:edit on Wikidata
203:
79:lymphatic system
56:
44:
43:
21:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4139:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4079:
4075:Germinal center
4051:
4035:Germinal center
3999:
3956:
3935:Germinal center
3866:
3848:
3821:
3815:
3785:
3780:
3761:Splenic abscess
3742:
3721:
3717:Germinal center
3698:
3675:
3654:
3649:
3565:
3560:
3519:
3515:
3474:
3470:
3443:
3439:
3398:
3394:
3387:
3373:
3364:
3355:
3353:
3346:
3342:
3333:
3331:
3324:
3320:
3308:
3304:
3285:
3281:
3250:
3246:
3201:
3192:
3184:
3180:
3173:
3156:
3147:
3108:
3101:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3075:
3071:
3055:
3054:
3032:
3028:
3005:
3001:
2993:
2991:
2975:
2971:
2958:
2954:
2907:
2903:
2896:
2882:Moore, Keith L.
2879:
2875:
2836:
2832:
2787:
2783:
2744:
2740:
2711:(9785): 86–97.
2701:
2697:
2688:
2686:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2642:
2638:
2629:
2627:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2600:
2598:
2587:
2583:
2574:
2572:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2521:
2517:
2462:
2458:
2449:
2447:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2414:Surgical recall
2408:
2404:
2361:
2357:
2318:
2314:
2267:
2263:
2223:
2219:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2143:
2139:
2100:
2096:
2084:
2080:
2027:
2020:
1966:
1957:
1912:
1905:
1882:10.1038/nri1669
1866:
1859:
1851:
1849:
1831:
1827:
1810:. Vol. 2:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1754:
1745:
1742:
1733:
1730:
1721:
1705:dendritic cells
1624:ray-finned fish
1605:
1585:
1554:came to denote
1540:hypochondriasis
1499:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1432:comes from the
1386:
1367:
1325:
1319:
1307:biliary atresia
1270:
1245:of the spleen.
1193:
1187:
1168:
1162:
1139:cytomegalovirus
1096:lymphoid tissue
1077:cytomegalovirus
1057:Banti's disease
1009:
1003:
1001:Enlarged spleen
984:
954:red blood cells
931:red blood cells
898:
813:red blood cells
762:
757:
721:
701:central nervous
699:The underlying
682:
608:
601:
598:
589:
586:
577:
571:
562:
558:Spleen seen on
556:
544:reference range
534:
530:
527:
525:
513:195–199 cm
503:190–194 cm
493:185–189 cm
483:180–184 cm
472:175–179 cm
461:170–174 cm
450:165–169 cm
439:160–164 cm
429:155–159 cm
397:
366:
331:dendritic cells
260:red blood cells
210:
59:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4148:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4130:Lymphoid organ
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4085:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4015:
4009:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3966:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3941:Blood vessels
3939:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3905:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3889:
3887:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3840:
3838:
3829:
3827:Primary organs
3823:
3822:
3817:Organs of the
3814:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3776:Splenic injury
3773:
3771:Spleen rupture
3768:
3763:
3758:
3752:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3655:
3648:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3604:
3595:
3589:
3578:
3572:
3564:
3563:External links
3561:
3559:
3558:
3537:(1): 123–131.
3513:
3468:
3457:(4): 347–355.
3437:
3416:(4): 192–201.
3392:
3385:
3362:
3340:
3330:. The Atlantic
3318:
3316:. London, 1725
3302:
3287:Cheyne, George
3279:
3244:
3217:(9317): 1624.
3190:
3178:
3171:
3145:
3118:(5): 739–743.
3099:
3085:
3069:
3026:
2999:
2969:
2952:
2901:
2894:
2873:
2830:
2781:
2738:
2695:
2671:
2636:
2607:
2581:
2560:
2515:
2456:
2435:
2428:
2402:
2355:
2328:(3): 215–223.
2312:
2277:(4): 368–372.
2261:
2217:
2182:(3): 207–216.
2162:
2155:
2137:
2094:
2078:
2018:
1955:
1903:
1857:
1825:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1690:jawless fishes
1630:lining of the
1604:
1601:
1584:
1581:
1485:
1385:
1382:
1371:hyaloserositis
1366:
1365:Hyaloserositis
1363:
1339:splenic artery
1321:Main article:
1318:
1315:
1292:autotransplant
1269:
1266:
1237:(a subtype of
1235:memory B cells
1189:Main article:
1186:
1183:
1166:Splenic injury
1164:Main article:
1161:
1160:Splenic injury
1158:
1005:Main article:
1002:
999:
983:
980:
979:
978:
950:
943:erythropoietic
927:
920:
907:Production of
905:
897:
894:
891:
890:
889:
888:
878:
861:
858:
852:
851:
850:
849:
842:
832:
819:
809:
803:
802:
799:
796:
761:
758:
756:
753:
720:
717:
690:celiac ganglia
686:splenic plexus
681:
678:
628:splenic artery
607:
604:
603:
602:
599:
592:
590:
587:
580:
578:
572:
565:
563:
557:
550:
520:
519:
516:
514:
510:
509:
506:
504:
500:
499:
496:
494:
490:
489:
486:
484:
480:
479:
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473:
469:
468:
465:
462:
458:
457:
454:
451:
447:
446:
443:
440:
436:
435:
433:
432:6.4–12 cm
430:
426:
425:
422:
418:
417:
416:Spleen length
414:
396:
393:
365:
362:
212:
211:
202:
196:
195:
190:
184:
183:
178:
172:
171:
166:
160:
159:
154:
148:
147:
142:
136:
135:
130:
124:
123:
119:
118:
116:Splenic plexus
113:
107:
106:
101:
95:
94:
92:Splenic artery
89:
83:
82:
72:
66:
65:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4147:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:Immune system
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4070:Peyer's patch
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4046:
4045:Marginal zone
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3918:Marginal zone
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3812:
3807:
3805:
3800:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3694:Marginal zone
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3646:
3641:
3639:
3634:
3632:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3517:
3508:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3481:
3472:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3441:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3396:
3388:
3382:
3378:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3351:
3344:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3311:
3306:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3283:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3187:
3186:Julius Caesar
3182:
3174:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3106:
3104:
3095:
3089:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3065:
3059:
3051:
3047:
3044:(2): 182–88.
3043:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3022:
3018:
3015:(4): 743–50.
3014:
3010:
3003:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2960:"polysplenia"
2956:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2897:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2834:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2801:(7): 939–45.
2800:
2796:
2792:
2785:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2742:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2652:(6): 545–49.
2651:
2647:
2640:
2626:on 2011-09-26
2625:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2570:
2564:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2533:(3): 579–92.
2532:
2528:
2527:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2431:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2359:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2234:(1): 306–13.
2233:
2229:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2178:(in German).
2177:
2173:
2166:
2158:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2023:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1908:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1876:(8): 606–16.
1875:
1871:
1864:
1862:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1752:
1747:
1740:
1735:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1714:
1713:wound healing
1710:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1649:, birds, and
1648:
1643:
1641:
1638:, especially
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1620:cartilaginous
1613:
1609:
1603:Other animals
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1528:George Cheyne
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1479:Julius Caesar
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1435:
1434:Ancient Greek
1431:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1359:acute abdomen
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1278:embryogenesis
1275:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1243:marginal zone
1240:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1104:costal margin
1101:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:mononucleosis
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1049:leishmaniasis
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1008:
996:
992:
988:
976:
972:
968:
964:
959:
955:
951:
948:
944:
940:
939:hematopoiesis
936:
932:
928:
925:
921:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:
902:
901:
887:
886:T-lymphocytes
883:
879:
877:
876:B-lymphocytes
873:
869:
868:
866:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
847:
846:marginal zone
843:
841:
837:
836:splenic cords
833:
830:
826:
822:
821:
820:
818:
814:
810:
808:
805:
804:
800:
797:
794:
793:
785:
778:
777:H&E stain
774:
770:
766:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
697:
695:
691:
687:
677:
675:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
612:
596:
591:
584:
579:
576:
569:
564:
561:
554:
549:
548:
547:
545:
539:
517:
515:
512:
511:
507:
505:
502:
501:
497:
495:
492:
491:
487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
474:
471:
470:
466:
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
449:
448:
444:
441:
438:
437:
434:
431:
428:
427:
423:
420:
419:
411:
407:
403:
392:
390:
385:
383:
382:adrenal gland
379:
375:
371:
361:
359:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
329:), turn into
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
282:removed from
281:
277:
273:
272:recycles iron
269:
265:
264:immune system
261:
256:
254:
250:
247:
246:Ancient Greek
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
218:
207:
201:
197:
194:
191:
189:
185:
182:
179:
177:
173:
170:
167:
165:
161:
158:
155:
153:
149:
146:
143:
141:
137:
134:
131:
129:
125:
120:
117:
114:
112:
108:
105:
102:
100:
96:
93:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
75:Immune system
73:
71:
67:
62:
55:
50:
45:
40:
33:
19:
18:Spleen (food)
3884:
3756:Splenomegaly
3652:Human spleen
3651:
3610:
3584:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3516:
3492:(1): 25–33.
3489:
3485:
3479:
3471:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3413:
3409:
3403:
3395:
3376:
3354:. Retrieved
3343:
3332:. Retrieved
3321:
3313:
3305:
3290:
3282:
3260:(1): 17–27.
3257:
3253:
3247:
3214:
3210:
3206:"The spleen"
3185:
3181:
3162:
3159:Stanley Eric
3115:
3111:
3096:. Drugs.com.
3088:
3080:
3072:
3058:cite journal
3041:
3035:
3029:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2992:, retrieved
2979:
2972:
2963:
2955:
2918:
2914:
2904:
2885:
2876:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2687:. Retrieved
2683:
2674:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2628:. Retrieved
2624:the original
2619:
2610:
2599:. Retrieved
2595:the original
2584:
2573:. Retrieved
2563:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2448:. Retrieved
2438:
2413:
2405:
2375:(1): 50–51.
2372:
2368:
2358:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2231:
2227:
2220:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2146:
2140:
2113:
2107:
2097:
2089:
2081:
2038:
2034:
1978:
1974:
1926:(1): 40–47.
1923:
1919:
1873:
1869:
1850:, retrieved
1838:
1828:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1698:
1686:Cyclostomata
1675:
1672:
1655:haemal nodes
1644:
1617:
1612:Laparoscopic
1586:
1570:
1560:
1551:
1519:
1516:Pindaric ode
1510:). In 1701,
1501:
1486:
1477:
1465:
1460:In English,
1459:
1454:
1442:
1429:
1427:
1387:
1368:
1336:
1326:
1311:dextrocardia
1296:
1281:
1271:
1254:World War II
1247:
1194:
1177:, can cause
1173:, such as a
1169:
1143:
1127:reticulocyte
1108:
1093:
1013:splenomegaly
1010:
1007:Splenomegaly
933:. While the
929:Creation of
899:
801:Composition
745:celiac trunk
733:endodermally
722:
698:
683:
680:Nerve supply
673:
663:
644:
632:splenic vein
617:
606:Blood supply
540:
523:
395:Measurements
386:
367:
347:
308:
257:
252:
249:
225:
223:
169:A13.2.01.001
144:
132:
104:Splenic vein
4040:Mantle zone
4005:Lymph nodes
3836:Bone marrow
3602:MedlinePlus
2684:Rad At Hand
2476:(6): 1216.
1709:macrophages
1532:the vapours
1524:upper-class
1508:consumption
1472:, but also
1468:to signify
1407:a key organ
1391:melancholia
1298:Polysplenia
1250:splenectomy
1204:splenectomy
1085:hemangiomas
1021:sarcoidosis
995:splenectomy
991:Thalassemia
975:lymphocytes
963:hypovolemia
958:lymphocytes
952:Storage of
935:bone marrow
924:neutrophils
922:Release of
719:Development
694:vagus nerve
657:. Both the
358:splenectomy
335:macrophages
292:amino acids
270:, and also
234:vertebrates
133:splen, lien
122:Identifiers
4094:Categories
3980:Pharyngeal
3925:White pulp
3901:Trabeculae
3726:Blood flow
3704:White pulp
3671:Trabeculae
3356:2022-01-03
3334:2022-01-03
2994:2019-02-27
2840:The Lancet
2754:: 179–91.
2689:2024-07-15
2630:2011-04-03
2601:2006-05-09
2575:2022-02-15
2450:2011-04-03
1852:2022-12-04
1839:StatPearls
1790:References
1711:to assist
1694:homologous
1636:amphibians
1634:. In many
1520:The Spleen
1512:Anne Finch
1470:melancholy
1413:aspect of
1343:blood clot
1332:infarction
1317:Infarction
1200:congenital
1156:findings.
856:white pulp
769:Micrograph
707:, and the
670:arterioles
343:infections
323:lymph node
315:white pulp
294:, and the
280:hemoglobin
238:lymph node
3659:Structure
3352:. Haaretz
3266:0027-1276
3140:172137672
2492:1422-0067
2342:0379-0738
2291:0195-7910
2248:0033-8419
2228:Radiology
2196:0023-8236
1701:monocytes
1682:hagfishes
1668:pinnipeds
1660:cetaceans
1632:intestine
1556:eccentric
1447:the heart
1399:humourism
1283:Splenosis
1258:pneumonia
1241:) in the
1216:platelets
971:platelets
913:properdin
829:sinusoids
817:monocytes
709:brainstem
645:Like the
370:diaphragm
364:Structure
319:monocytes
300:bilirubin
284:senescent
3970:Palatine
3908:Red pulp
3681:Red pulp
3581:"spleen"
3274:24780450
3239:33529100
3231:12048004
3132:31152307
2989:28613652
2947:19123935
2921:(1): 1.
2884:(1992).
2868:38605411
2825:12682112
2776:20654498
2768:14962195
2733:30554953
2725:21474172
2666:20540444
2555:19864892
2510:28590409
2397:29302459
2307:32174574
2299:22182984
2256:26509293
2212:35213355
2132:16304080
2073:19644100
2013:19644120
1950:35000931
1890:16056254
1847:30725992
1820:13606128
1762:See also
1678:lampreys
1664:manatees
1647:reptiles
1593:Sicilian
1544:hysteria
1423:laughter
1220:vaccines
1196:Asplenia
1191:Asplenia
1185:Asplenia
1115:leukemia
1100:neonates
1033:leukemia
909:opsonins
807:red pulp
798:Function
755:Function
751:organs.
747:—as the
378:pancreas
311:antibody
4105:Abdomen
4030:B cells
4018:T cells
3975:Lingual
3962:Tonsils
3552:1571143
3507:1571326
3431:1571326
3050:9486895
3021:3764696
3009:Surgery
2938:2630926
2816:2193885
2620:Chp.edu
2547:4075378
2501:5486039
2389:6730702
2350:9291593
2204:3683035
2064:2917045
2043:Bibcode
2035:Science
2004:2803111
1983:Bibcode
1975:Science
1941:8968228
1898:3258595
1812:λ–φώδης
1804:"σπλήν"
1651:mammals
1628:serosal
1542:" and "
1538:terms "
1536:learned
1474:caprice
1451:Persius
1378:hyaline
1375:fibrous
1353:in the
1239:B cells
1081:tumours
1079:), and
1025:malaria
967:hypoxia
917:tuftsin
827:" (or "
825:sinuses
749:foregut
692:to the
672:called
533:⁄
374:stomach
354:abdomen
352:of the
253:(splḗn)
157:D013154
64:Details
4110:Glands
3892:Parts
3885:Spleen
3854:Thymus
3549:
3504:
3428:
3383:
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