315:
366:
374:
75:
49:
835:
357:. The sex cells are released via the passage of water through the clam, the same path taken for respiration and digestion. There are five described stages of development of the sexual organs of both male and female surf clams: early active phase, late active phase, ripe, partially spawned, and spent, with ripe phase being the main phase during which clams reproduce.
425:, which are the strong muscles that close the two halves of the shell and which tightly hold the clam's shell in the shut position. "Salvage" is typically ground up for use in chowders, sauces, and dips, and is commercially available either in cans or frozen. Locally it is available fresh. The substantial "belly" of the clam is used by some fishermen as bait for
327:. Pausing of growth due to internal or external factors appear marked by dark lines of growth on the shell. Younger clams have a faster growth rate than older clams. They can reach sizes of up to 8.9 inches (23 cm), though sizes larger than 7.9 inches (20 cm) are rare.
322:
The shells of surf clams show growth rings and can demonstrate changes in the environment of the individual. The shells are formed by calcification, as the clam deposits calcium carbonate into the shell via either diet or
353:
Atlantic surf clams reproduce primarily in late summer (August–October), when the water temperatures are around their highest. Reproduction occurs via
384:
This species is a commercially exploited species, long prized for its sweet flavor. This species is typically harvested from fishing vessels known as
261:. People on the beach often pick up a large empty shell of this species, either to dig in the sand with, or take home to use as a decorative dish or
2438:
2433:
2268:
2320:
759:
254:, which also resides in the eastern Atlantic coastal waters. Atlantic surf clams reproduce in late summer, when the water temperatures peak.
136:
421:
The meat that is left over is separated from the "belly" and is referred to as "salvage" within the clam industry. This meat includes the
410:
The "tongue" or foot of the clam is commercially valuable because it is cut into long strips which are breaded and fried and served as
2418:
1220:
568:
The
Effects of Climate Change on the Population Ecology of the Atlantic Surf Clam, Spisula solidissima, in the Middle Atlantic Bight
2242:
2423:
2281:
2428:
2346:
576:
399:
About two-thirds of a surf clam's shucked weight is viable for human consumption. The meat of the clam is used as 'strips',
2286:
451:"REPRODUCTIVE CYCLES OF THE ATLANTIC SURF CLAM SPISULA SOLIDISSIMA, AND THE OCEAN QUAHOG ARCTICA ISLANDICA OFF NEW JERSEY"
2443:
473:
248:. Able to reach sizes between 7.9 and 8.9 inches (20 and 23 cm) in length, Atlantic surf clams are much larger than
17:
695:
2333:
1189:
752:
673:
518:
2385:
2325:
717:
2307:
2194:
1213:
745:
369:
Fishing boat deploying a clam dredge in nearshore waters in Cape May, New Jersey, United States of
America.
314:
2203:
2208:
2016:
422:
31:
2390:
1805:
1780:
1138:
660:"Review of the Ecological Effects of Dredging in the Cultivation and Harvest of Molluscan Shellfish"
74:
2448:
2141:
1837:
1593:
1206:
935:
2299:
2377:
2098:
2001:
1676:
1587:
1399:
1341:
1252:
1089:
977:
287:
Atlantic surf clams live buried in coarse or fine sand. They live offshore as well as in the low
2273:
2156:
2091:
1737:
1704:
1304:
1034:
354:
345:
Predators of the
Atlantic surf clam include snails, fish (such as cod), crabs, and sea stars.
2051:
2027:
2011:
1582:
1570:
1457:
970:
582:
385:
179:
2364:
659:
2338:
2229:
1732:
1635:
1560:
1432:
1394:
1331:
1267:
1040:
928:
538:
196:
61:
8:
2046:
1832:
1008:
415:
365:
450:
30:
This article is about a clam found in the
Atlantic. For other species of surf clam, see
2413:
1752:
1655:
1645:
1630:
1625:
1534:
1526:
1521:
1389:
1309:
1299:
1015:
984:
632:
69:
2359:
2216:
2084:
2061:
1978:
1864:
1821:
1815:
1786:
1775:
1511:
1506:
1442:
1437:
1294:
1022:
991:
823:
816:
791:
640:
624:
572:
514:
507:
481:
257:
The shell of this species is a well-known object to beach-goers in the northeastern
2221:
1973:
1925:
1875:
1869:
1810:
1747:
1640:
1576:
1376:
1283:
997:
921:
871:
809:
802:
616:
331:
605:"Reproductive Cycle of the Surf Clam, Spisula solidissima, in Offshore New Jersey"
1757:
1742:
1727:
1722:
1326:
1315:
1072:
962:
586:
396:
the sea floor so as to loosen clams from the sediments before it scoops them up.
2312:
2179:
2125:
2115:
2056:
2006:
1996:
1900:
1671:
1650:
1565:
1501:
1481:
1153:
1148:
914:
857:
389:
339:
281:
250:
245:
231:
566:
2407:
2120:
2021:
1914:
1907:
1827:
1699:
1694:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1452:
1404:
1384:
1158:
1133:
908:
850:
628:
485:
277:
258:
48:
2130:
1767:
1289:
1168:
1163:
1143:
1066:
878:
864:
644:
426:
373:
244:. It is one of the most commonly found species of bivalves in the western
2372:
2294:
2255:
2188:
1933:
1660:
1540:
1516:
1447:
1427:
1409:
1346:
1321:
1099:
411:
308:
303:
Surf clams can take as little as three months to reach maturity off the
2247:
1965:
1891:
1608:
1277:
1173:
1117:
778:
636:
604:
324:
304:
288:
2260:
737:
1938:
1881:
1856:
1462:
1351:
1272:
292:
241:
146:
86:
2150:
620:
276:
This common species occurs off the east coast of North
America from
2173:
1235:
1178:
884:
769:
393:
335:
126:
116:
106:
1198:
1988:
1956:
1617:
1552:
1365:
1262:
1107:
1002:
903:
895:
786:
400:
262:
237:
234:
156:
2351:
1665:
334:
to pull in and then filter fine particles of organic matter and
2234:
2075:
1714:
1473:
1419:
1336:
1061:
1056:
1028:
834:
338:
from the surrounding seawater. Like almost all clams, they are
96:
2038:
1847:
1797:
1686:
1357:
1112:
796:
509:
The
Audubon Society Field Guide to Seashells of North America
404:
1244:
952:
670:
658:
Mercaldo-Allen, Renee; Goldberg, Ronald (December 2011).
657:
461:(1): 23–32 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
268:
The species is exported commercially as a food item.
392:
equipped with high-power hydraulic jets designed to
64:. Right valve at the top, left valve at the bottom.
506:
2405:
571:(M.S. thesis). The College of William and Mary.
474:"Atlantic Surf Clams: Edible, and Collectible"
318:A drawing showing clearly the lines of growth.
1214:
753:
230:, is a very large, edible, saltwater clam or
271:
1221:
1207:
760:
746:
564:
47:
536:
372:
364:
313:
2439:Fauna of the Southeastern United States
2434:Fauna of the Northeastern United States
767:
14:
2406:
504:
2155:
2154:
1202:
741:
602:
448:
598:
596:
560:
558:
539:"Atlantic Surfclam | NOAA Fisheries"
532:
530:
471:
444:
442:
311:, and can reach an age of 35 years.
307:coast, or as long as four years off
1228:
24:
25:
2460:
1190:List of fishing topics by subject
674:National Marine Fisheries Service
593:
555:
527:
439:
2419:Marine molluscs of North America
833:
698:. Virginia Marine Products Board
73:
348:
2424:Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean
843:Land and freshwater gastropods
710:
688:
651:
537:Fisheries, NOAA (2023-10-02).
498:
465:
298:
13:
1:
2429:Molluscs of the United States
513:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
455:Journal of Shellfish Research
432:
565:Picariello, Adriana (2006).
360:
7:
414:, first popularized by the
10:
2465:
2444:Bivalves described in 1817
449:Jones, Douglas S. (1981).
388:, which use a specialized
377:An 8 cm juvenile valve of
29:
2163:
2139:
2108:
2074:
2037:
1987:
1964:
1955:
1924:
1890:
1855:
1846:
1796:
1766:
1723:Black-foot opihi/Hawaiian
1713:
1685:
1616:
1607:
1551:
1472:
1418:
1375:
1243:
1234:
1187:
1126:
1098:
1082:
1049:
945:
893:
842:
831:
776:
718:"Clam King - May 1, 2004"
667:NOAA Technical Memorandum
472:Taft, Dave (2017-07-13).
185:
178:
70:Scientific classification
68:
55:
46:
41:
1594:Placopecten magellanicus
1438:New Zealand green-lipped
936:Placopecten magellanicus
272:Distribution and habitat
2099:Acanthopleura granulata
1668:(group of four species)
1090:Freshwater pearl mussel
978:Austrovenus stutchburyi
603:Ropes, John W. (1968).
62:Long Beach, Long Island
56:A 15 cm adult shell of
2092:Acanthopleura echinata
2002:Atlantic white-spotted
1453:Asian/Philippine green
1035:Ruditapes largillierti
381:
370:
355:external fertilization
330:These clams use their
319:
2028:Amphioctopus fangsiao
1672:South African abalone
1544:("true oyster" genus)
1310:California butterclam
971:Mercenaria mercenaria
894:Free-swimming marine
505:Rehder, H.A. (1981).
376:
368:
317:
1753:Ribbed Mediterranean
1268:Grooved carpet shell
1041:Grooved carpet shell
929:Argopecten irradians
696:"Atlantic Surf Clam"
2195:Spisula solidissima
2165:Spisula solidissima
1748:Rayed Mediterranean
1342:Japanese littleneck
1083:Freshwater bivalves
1009:Spisula solidissima
609:Biological Bulletin
429:and other species.
379:Spisula solidissima
214:), also called the
212:Spisula solidissima
189:Spisula solidissima
171:S. solidissima
58:Spisula solidissima
42:Atlantic surf clam
18:Spisula solidissima
2121:Land snail farming
1535:Gillardeau oysters
1253:Atlantic jackknife
1016:Paphies ventricosa
985:Saxidomus nuttalli
958:Atlantic surf clam
478:The New York Times
382:
371:
320:
208:Atlantic surf clam
27:Species of mollusk
2401:
2400:
2360:Open Tree of Life
2339:atlantic-surfclam
2157:Taxon identifiers
2148:
2147:
2126:Gastropod anatomy
2085:Chiton magnificus
2070:
2069:
2047:New Zealand arrow
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1822:Kelletia lischkei
1787:Littorina sitkana
1733:Yellow-foot opihi
1603:
1602:
1497:Colchester native
1196:
1195:
1139:Gathering by hand
1023:Paphies australis
992:Arctica islandica
946:Infaunal bivalves
824:Kelletia lischkei
817:Kelletia kelletii
578:978-0-355-02121-9
204:
203:
16:(Redirected from
2456:
2394:
2393:
2381:
2380:
2368:
2367:
2355:
2354:
2342:
2341:
2329:
2328:
2316:
2315:
2313:NBNSYS0000187275
2303:
2302:
2290:
2289:
2277:
2276:
2264:
2263:
2251:
2250:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2212:
2211:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2152:
2151:
1962:
1961:
1876:Chorus giganteus
1853:
1852:
1614:
1613:
1577:Pecten jacobaeus
1284:Mactra stultorum
1241:
1240:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1050:Sessile bivalves
922:Pecten jacobaeus
872:Cepaea nemoralis
837:
810:Bullacta exarata
803:Buccinum undatum
762:
755:
748:
739:
738:
732:
731:
729:
728:
714:
708:
707:
705:
703:
692:
686:
685:
683:
681:
664:
655:
649:
648:
600:
591:
590:
562:
553:
552:
550:
549:
534:
525:
524:
512:
502:
496:
495:
493:
492:
469:
463:
462:
446:
423:adductor muscles
416:Howard Johnson's
191:
78:
77:
51:
39:
38:
21:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2449:Edible molluscs
2404:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2389:
2384:
2376:
2371:
2363:
2358:
2350:
2345:
2337:
2332:
2324:
2319:
2311:
2306:
2298:
2293:
2285:
2280:
2272:
2267:
2259:
2254:
2246:
2241:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2215:
2207:
2202:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2159:
2149:
2144:
2135:
2131:Bivalve anatomy
2104:
2066:
2052:Japanese flying
2033:
1983:
1943:
1920:
1886:
1842:
1792:
1762:
1743:Common European
1709:
1681:
1599:
1583:Peruvian calico
1547:
1468:
1465:(mussel family)
1414:
1371:
1316:Senilia senilis
1230:
1229:Edible mollusks
1227:
1197:
1192:
1183:
1122:
1094:
1078:
1073:Pinctada maxima
1045:
963:Soft-shell clam
941:
889:
838:
829:
772:
766:
736:
735:
726:
724:
716:
715:
711:
701:
699:
694:
693:
689:
679:
677:
669:(NMFS-NE-220).
662:
656:
652:
621:10.2307/1539787
601:
594:
579:
563:
556:
547:
545:
535:
528:
521:
503:
499:
490:
488:
470:
466:
447:
440:
435:
363:
351:
301:
274:
200:
193:
187:
174:
72:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2462:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2382:
2369:
2356:
2343:
2330:
2317:
2304:
2291:
2278:
2265:
2252:
2239:
2226:
2213:
2200:
2185:
2169:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2116:Oyster farming
2112:
2110:
2109:Related topics
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2080:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1901:Cornu aspersum
1896:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1537:
1532:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1478:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1410:Giant Atlantic
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1332:Triangle shell
1329:
1324:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1154:Oyster farming
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
1000:
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
966:
965:
960:
949:
947:
943:
942:
940:
939:
932:
925:
918:
915:Pecten maximus
911:
906:
900:
898:
891:
890:
888:
887:
882:
875:
868:
861:
858:Cornu aspersum
854:
846:
844:
840:
839:
832:
830:
828:
827:
820:
813:
806:
799:
794:
789:
783:
781:
774:
773:
765:
764:
757:
750:
742:
734:
733:
709:
687:
650:
615:(2): 349–365.
592:
577:
554:
526:
519:
497:
464:
437:
436:
434:
431:
390:fishing dredge
362:
359:
350:
347:
340:filter feeders
300:
297:
282:South Carolina
273:
270:
251:Spisula solida
246:Atlantic Ocean
240:in the family
202:
201:
194:
183:
182:
176:
175:
168:
166:
162:
161:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2461:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
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2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:Pacific giant
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
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1972:
1971:
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1963:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1915:Helix pomatia
1912:
1910:
1909:
1908:Helix lucorum
1905:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1883:
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1878:
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1873:
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1543:
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1533:
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1529:
1528:Ostra chilena
1525:
1523:
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1498:
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1433:Mediterranean
1431:
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1417:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
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1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1361:(razor genus)
1360:
1359:
1355:
1353:
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1343:
1340:
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1300:Pacific razor
1298:
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1279:
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1258:Atlantic surf
1256:
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1224:
1219:
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1204:
1201:
1191:
1186:
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1167:
1165:
1164:Pearl farming
1162:
1160:
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1134:Heliciculture
1132:
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1129:
1125:
1119:
1116:
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1109:
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948:
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937:
933:
931:
930:
926:
924:
923:
919:
917:
916:
912:
910:
909:Queen scallop
907:
905:
902:
901:
899:
897:
892:
886:
883:
881:
880:
876:
874:
873:
869:
867:
866:
862:
860:
859:
855:
853:
852:
851:Helix pomatia
848:
847:
845:
841:
836:
826:
825:
821:
819:
818:
814:
812:
811:
807:
805:
804:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
782:
780:
775:
771:
763:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
743:
740:
723:
722:money.cnn.com
719:
713:
697:
691:
675:
672:
668:
661:
654:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
599:
597:
588:
584:
580:
574:
570:
569:
561:
559:
544:
540:
533:
531:
522:
520:0-394-51913-2
516:
511:
510:
501:
487:
483:
479:
475:
468:
460:
456:
452:
445:
443:
438:
430:
428:
424:
419:
417:
413:
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406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
380:
375:
367:
358:
356:
346:
343:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
316:
312:
310:
306:
296:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
278:New-Brunswick
269:
266:
264:
260:
259:United States
255:
253:
252:
247:
243:
239:
236:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
198:
192:
190:
184:
181:
180:Binomial name
177:
173:
172:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
133:Superfamily:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2164:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2026:
2017:Southern red
1913:
1906:
1899:
1874:
1848:Other snails
1820:
1785:
1592:
1575:
1561:Atlantic bay
1539:
1527:
1492:Southern mud
1364:
1356:
1314:
1295:Ocean quahog
1282:
1257:
1169:Pearl diving
1159:Oyster boats
1144:Clam digging
1071:
1067:Pearl oyster
1033:
1021:
1014:
1007:
990:
983:
976:
969:
957:
934:
927:
920:
913:
879:Otala lactea
877:
870:
865:Helix aperta
863:
856:
849:
822:
815:
808:
801:
725:. Retrieved
721:
712:
700:. Retrieved
690:
678:. Retrieved
666:
653:
612:
608:
567:
546:. Retrieved
542:
508:
500:
489:. Retrieved
477:
467:
458:
454:
427:striped bass
420:
409:
398:
383:
378:
352:
349:Reproduction
344:
329:
321:
302:
286:
275:
267:
256:
249:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
205:
188:
186:
170:
169:
157:
57:
36:
2373:SeaLifeBase
2295:NatureServe
2256:iNaturalist
2189:Wikispecies
2062:Neon flying
1768:Periwinkles
1728:Turtle/talc
1661:Green ormer
1571:New Zealand
1541:Crassostrea
1522:Sydney rock
1400:New Zealand
1322:Smooth clam
1290:Blunt gaper
1100:Cephalopods
768:Commercial
702:January 24,
418:franchise.
412:clam strips
309:Nova Scotia
299:Life habits
2408:Categories
1979:Bottletail
1966:Cuttlefish
1926:Freshwater
1870:Korean mud
1833:Pear whelk
1609:Gastropods
1566:Great/king
1512:Windowpane
1507:Portuguese
1443:California
1347:Razor clam
1327:Soft-shell
1174:Ama divers
1127:Techniques
1118:Cuttlefish
792:Periwinkle
779:gastropods
727:2023-10-17
587:1964272587
548:2023-10-26
491:2022-01-27
433:References
325:metabolism
305:New Jersey
293:surf zones
289:intertidal
226:or simply
137:Mactroidea
2414:Mactridae
1974:Spineless
1838:Lightning
1806:Channeled
1463:Mytilidae
1352:Pod razor
1273:Hard clam
629:0006-3185
486:0362-4331
361:Human use
242:Mactridae
165:Species:
147:Mactridae
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
32:Surf clam
2300:2.114838
2274:10599236
2180:Q3017199
2174:Wikidata
2142:Category
2057:Humboldt
2007:Big blue
1865:Mud-flat
1816:Kellet's
1656:Greenlip
1651:Blacklip
1553:Scallops
1236:Bivalves
1179:Trawling
1149:Dredging
896:bivalves
885:Escargot
770:mollusks
680:11 March
645:28368765
583:ProQuest
394:fluidize
386:dredgers
336:plankton
228:sea clam
220:hen clam
216:bar clam
143:Family:
127:Venerida
117:Bivalvia
107:Mollusca
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
2248:5188982
2076:Chitons
1989:Octopus
1957:Inkfish
1939:Nerites
1828:Knobbed
1715:Limpets
1700:Elegant
1687:Conches
1677:Chilean
1618:Abalone
1502:Pacific
1487:Olympia
1482:Eastern
1474:Oysters
1420:Mussels
1377:Cockles
1366:Paphies
1263:Geoduck
1108:Octopus
1003:Geoduck
904:Scallop
787:Abalone
777:Marine
637:1539787
401:chowder
332:siphons
263:ashtray
238:mollusk
235:bivalve
224:skimmer
199:, 1817)
197:Dillwyn
158:Spisula
153:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
2391:156996
2365:721807
2352:156996
2261:231421
2235:448794
1997:Common
1882:Bailer
1811:Common
1798:Whelks
1781:Banded
1776:Common
1758:Rustic
1530:/Bluff
1405:Sydney
1395:Goolwa
1385:Common
1337:Tuatua
1062:Mussel
1057:Oyster
1029:Tuatua
998:Cockle
643:
635:
627:
585:
575:
517:
484:
403:, and
232:marine
2386:WoRMS
2378:47941
2287:80944
2269:IRMNG
2222:4Z977
2209:27323
2039:Squid
2022:Mimic
1934:Apple
1738:China
1695:Queen
1641:Green
1636:Black
1626:White
1588:Yesso
1448:Brown
1390:Blood
1358:Ensis
1305:Venus
1278:Horse
1245:Clams
1113:Squid
797:Whelk
663:(PDF)
633:JSTOR
405:sushi
60:from
2347:OBIS
2334:NOAA
2326:6584
2321:NCBI
2282:ITIS
2243:GBIF
2204:BOLD
1892:Land
1666:Pāua
1646:Pink
1517:Rock
1458:Date
1428:Blue
953:Clam
704:2022
682:2016
671:NOAA
641:PMID
625:ISSN
573:ISBN
543:NOAA
515:ISBN
482:ISSN
291:and
206:The
2308:NBN
2230:EoL
2217:CoL
1857:Sea
1705:Dog
1631:Red
676:: 5
617:doi
613:135
280:to
2410::
2388::
2375::
2362::
2349::
2336::
2323::
2310::
2297::
2284::
2271::
2258::
2245::
2232::
2219::
2206::
2191::
2176::
720:.
665:.
639:.
631:.
623:.
611:.
607:.
595:^
581:.
557:^
541:.
529:^
480:.
476:.
457:.
453:.
441:^
407:.
342:.
295:.
284:.
265:.
222:,
218:,
1222:e
1215:t
1208:v
761:e
754:t
747:v
730:.
706:.
684:.
647:.
619::
589:.
551:.
523:.
494:.
459:1
210:(
195:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
