573:. His brother Edwin, the founder of the Automatic Chain Company —who had not been active in the Speidel Corporation up to that time— became president of Speidel Corporation, and Paul Levinger was made vice-president. The majority ownership of the business was held by the German family, but in 1939, all of the shares held by the German stockholders were purchased by Edwin Speidel and Paul Levinger.
22:
430:
manufacturer had sent the first version of the Fixo-Flex to Paul
Levinger who had worked out a license contract with the inventor who held the German patent, Karl E. Stiegle . In 1956, the first automatically produced bracelet under Stiegel's patent was introduced as a test under the Kingsway brand. By 1959, the company officially introduced the new watchband as the “Twist-O-Flex”.
81:
393:, Speidel began to advertise nationally, first in magazines and then in radio with a program called “Stop the Music.” The successful campaign made Speidel well known in the US. Speidel discontinued its radio ads in 1949, opting to spend its ad dollars on TV campaigns. The company fully sponsored different TV programs, making Speidel one of the earliest
433:
Speidel introduced the Euro-Flex in 1988, an updated version of the Twist-O-Flex watchband. The new watchband used heavier materials and contemporary
European styling. Speidel continued to expand its line of products with the introduction of the “Signet” watch line in 1994; a patented plastic top
429:
In 1946, E.F.M. Speidel was awarded U.S. patent 145467, entitled "Design For An
Expansible Link Chain For Watch Bracelet Or The Like". In the 1950s, Speidel invested heavily in the development of automatic equipment to produce a bracelet similar to the German Fixo-Flex watchband. A German
420:
In 1956, Speidel introduced men's jewelry. The move was designed to diversify its inventory, and fend off increasingly heavy competition from Japan. Speidel also changed its method to sole distributors, in strategic geographic locations, and built a sales force to cover the United States.
561:. Five years later Fred Levinger (Son of Paul Levinger) acquired Speidel. In 2009, Cerce Capital LLC purchased Speidel's assets for US$ 1.65 million. The purchase was part of a bankruptcy settlement. Speidel has now been revived as a brand, and sells old and new watch strap lines.
450:. The company aggressively marketed the product with such enduring phrases as, “Make him a legend in his own time,” which helped to create a market success without parallel. Speidel became one of Textron's top local divisions in sales volume and performance.
312:
In 1937, Albert
Speidel died young from pneumonia. His brother Edwin, founder of the Automatic Chain Company, became president of Speidel Corporation. Paul Levinger was made vice-president. At that time, the majority control of the business was held by the
293:
Friedrich
Speidel sent his three sons, Albert, Edwin and Eugene to America to establish a branch of the family's jewelry chain manufacturing business. The Speidel Chain Company was officially founded in the United States in 1904.
344:
Both the
Speidel family in Germany and the brothers who lived in the United States merged into the Speidel Corporation in 1928. The first president of Speidel Corporation was Albert Speidel, one of the Speidel brothers living in
1119:
Possible
Anticompetitive Effects of Sale of Network TV Advertising: Hearings Before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly, Eighty-Ninth Congress, Second
238:
in 1904. It was known for its "Ratchet-buckle" watchbands (introduced in 1920), the "Scissors Action
Expansion Band" (introduced in 1936), the ladies' "Mignon" watchbands (introduced in 1939), plus
278:
Friedrich
Speidel founded the Speidel Company in 1867. With an initial investment equivalent to US$ 10, Speidel started making gold and silver chains with his wife, in the basement of his home in
290:) which proved successful. In 1896 he built the company's first factory, installing state-of-the-art machines for the production of gold chain, previously manufactured entirely by hand.
262:, writing instruments, small jewelry, and other accessories, before beginning to decline by the end of the century with the struggle to compete with cheaper overseas production, and the
377:
called the Golden Knight. It proved to be a tremendous success in the men's watch bracelet field. The company also introduced elaborate packaging for its line of watch bracelets.
373:
and other electronic applications. However
Speidel returned to watchbands as soon as peace returned. In 1947 Speidel brought out its first modernized version of the scissor-type
727:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation, Historic American Engineering Record.
632:
1902:
1322:
517:, the first totally machine-assembled timepiece, which dramatically reduced watch prices. That same year, Speidel began its watchband replacement program for
446:. in May 1964. By 1966 Speidel had expanded its distribution capacity and entered the men's toiletries market, with the introduction of the men's fragrance
442:
By 1964 the company, now owned by Paul Levinger, had grown significantly both in size and importance to the jewelry industry. Levinger sold the company to
298:
417:, a combination identification bracelet with photo and an expandable wristband. Speidel advertised it on television, and it proved an immediate success.
1556:
1407:
1057:
1842:
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1350:
Imperial Germany's Iron Regiment of the First World War: War Memories of Service with Infantry Regiment 169 1914 - 1918 Second Edition
1318:
1117:
1201:
1614:
1907:
317:
family. However, in 1939, all of the shares held by the German stockholders were purchased by Edwin Speidel and Paul Levinger.
1704:
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797:
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1524:
781:
755:
1540:
823:
695:
1529:. Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration. April 10, 1979.
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1348:
998:
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34:
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In 2002, the company's ownership once again returned to the United States, when JRM Holdings bought Speidel from
42:
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38:
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543:
539:
223:
148:
127:
1439:
1391:
538:
Two years later, as part of a global manufacturing consolidation strategy, Hirsh closed Speidel's original
1720:
1116:
Monopoly, United States Congress Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust and (1966).
250:. Speidel experienced a boom in popularity, notably with their invention of the hugely popular expanding
616:
880:. Published jointly by the Rhode Island Heritage Commission and the Rhode Island Publications Society.
1830:"Speidel Assets Sold for $ 1.65 Million," Michelle Graf, Idexonline.com, from National Jeweler Network
1589:
1481:
1465:
875:
858:
657:
509:) Business Supplies in 1972. OEM manufactured outsourced metal watchbands for watch companies such as
333:
were added to the line. Men's watchbands surged in popularity due to their use in the military during
1867:
966:
950:
738:
521:, making it much easier for consumers to find the appropriately sized watchband replacement at their
389:, leading to its discontinuation from the Speidel product line in the early 1950s. After the end of
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1662:
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91:
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The company began to expand its marketing reach internationally in the 1970s, beginning with
306:
242:. In the 1930s, Speidel was the first company in the world to introduce ID bracelets. During
1590:"Textron, Inc. v. Spi-Dell Watch Jewelry Co., 283 F. Supp. 920 | Casetext Search + Citator"
1203:
Check the Gs: The True Story of an Eclectic American Family and Their Wacky Family Business
414:
282:. He has been credited with developing the gold-over-metal method of manufacturing called "
8:
230:. It was originally founded in Germany by Friedrich Speidel in 1867 as a manufacturer of
1557:"SPEIDEL IS SOLD TO TEXTRON, INC.; Price for Watch Band Unit Estimated at $ 15 Million"
1401:
1085:
279:
546:. In coordination with the move, Speidel closed down its manufacturing operations and
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1728:
1700:
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1487:
1445:
1354:
1207:
1096:
1063:
1036:
881:
761:
65:
447:
366:
247:
434:
shell watchband in 1995; and the first watchband with rubberized coating in 1996.
1829:
386:
326:
239:
231:
532:
AG, a leading manufacturer of leather watchbands in Europe. The new company was
827:
341:, and produced watch bracelets manufactured and sold primarily to wholesalers.
325:
At first, only jewelry chain was made in the new facilities. During the 1920s,
183:
1425:
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1732:
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350:
263:
235:
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159:
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133:
551:
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In the midst of their international sales expansion, Speidel started OEM (
547:
478:
462:
334:
251:
101:
633:"SPEIDEL Diamond Plate Cufflinks Vintage Engravable Signet Industrial M"
365:
when Speidel converted most of its facilities and started manufacturing
724:
Rhode Island: An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites
406:
374:
330:
255:
570:
518:
458:
219:
1308:"Design For An Expansible Link Chain For Watch Bracelet Or The Like"
1016:
Chilton's Jewelers' Circular/keystone 1970 Jewelers' Directory Issue
554:
with local manufacturing companies, and the balance moved overseas.
457:
in 1971. The company furthered its sales market by branching out to
437:
302:
283:
234:. The Speidel Chain Company was formed in its modern state in the
31:
may have been created or edited in return for undisclosed payments
494:
490:
474:
470:
443:
410:
314:
259:
254:
in the mid-1930s, and in addition to watchbands Speidel produced
188:
1280:. National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, Inc. 1997.
1087:
Same Time, Same Station: Creating American Television, 1948–1961
783:
Index of Trade-marks Issued from the United States Patent Office
621:. National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, Inc. 1997.
1542:
Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series: 1966: July-December
844:
Index of Trademarks Issued from the United States Patent Office
486:
482:
454:
80:
877:
The Germans in Rhode Island: Pride and Perseverance, 1850-1985
674:"Speidel Twist-O-Flex Apple Watch band review – The Gadgeteer"
349:. In 1934 Paul Levinger was hired by Speidel Corporation as a
510:
370:
21:
1510:
Decisions and Orders of the National Labor Relations Board
1390:
Warshaw, James F. Engel, Hugh G. Wales, Martin R. (1967).
297:
By 1912 the Speidel brothers hired the architectural firm
1886:
1648:
Product Marketing and Cosmetic & Fragrance Retailing
400:
1843:"Iconic Twist-O-Flex Band Now Available for the Fitbit"
696:"Speidel Royal English Leather Apple Watch Band review"
550:
its workload. A portion of the production continued in
204:
1507:
Board, United States National Labor Relations (1958).
591:"Remembering The Speidel Twist-O-Flex Watch Bracelet"
528:
In 1997, Textron sold Speidel to the Austrian-based
380:
309:, was originally called the Doran-Speidel Building.
37:. It may require cleanup to comply with Knowledge's
1170:
Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office
662:. Rhode Island Jewish Historical Association. 1971.
1084:
409:got underway in 1951, Speidel began manufacturing
569:In 1937 Albert Speidel died at an early age from
438:Change of Ownership & International Expansion
356:
1894:
971:. Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner & Beane. 1965.
933:Custodian, United States Alien Property (1922).
874:Sickinger, Raymond L.; Primeau, John K. (1985).
873:
301:to design the company's first headquarters. The
1806:"Providence businessman Levinger buys Speidel"
1545:. Copyright Office, Library of Congress. 1969.
424:
385:The company instituted a planned reduction of
1903:Manufacturing companies based in Rhode Island
936:Annual Report of the Alien Property Custodian
413:. The first product in this category was the
320:
1635:. Johnson Publishing Company. December 1977.
1406:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
513:, which at the time had just introduced the
337:. In the early 1920s, Albert Speidel formed
1055:
753:
720:
542:property and relocated its headquarters to
1616:Catalog of Copyright Entries: Third series
79:
1664:Jewelers' Circular/keystone '77 Directory
1470:(in German). RĂĽhle-Diebener-Verlag. 1989.
1319:United States Patent and Trademark Office
1293:Jewelers' Circular/keystone '77 Directory
1261:Jewelers' Circular/keystone '77 Directory
932:
798:"How World War I Changed Watches Forever"
361:Watchband production was cut back during
1872:. New York Times & Arno Press. 1981.
1248:. Jewelers'Publishing Corporation. 1957.
1156:. Jewelers'Publishing Corporation. 1957.
1115:
1082:
1056:Creamer, Donald E.; Baar, James (2008).
922:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1922.
906:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1922.
754:Creamer, Donald E.; Baar, James (2008).
743:. New York Times & Arno Press. 1981.
1869:The New York Times Biographical Service
1780:"Speidel Acquired in Management Buyout"
1699:. Reference Press, Incorporated. 1998.
1389:
1133:
740:The New York Times Biographical Service
1895:
1696:Hoover's Handbook of American Business
1328:from the original on December 25, 2022
1199:
1166:
919:United States Congressional Serial Set
840:
721:Kulik, Gary; Bonham, Julia C. (1978).
1683:. Technical Publishing Company. 1989.
1651:. Charleson Publishing Company. 1981.
1506:
1346:
1167:Office, United States Patent (1962).
1083:Baughman, James L. (March 26, 2007).
841:Office, United States Patent (1948).
564:
401:Korean War and Military Manufacturing
659:Rhode Island Jewish Historical Notes
15:
1347:Rieth, John K. (October 14, 2017).
1315:patentimages.storage.googleapis.com
863:. Jewelers' Circular Company. 1929.
13:
1189:. Broadcasting Publications. 1974.
1123:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
939:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
14:
1919:
1880:
1140:. Sponsor Services, Incorporated.
984:Instruments & Control Systems
381:Expansion and National Prominence
507:Original Equipment Manufacturing
20:
1860:
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1252:
1245:The Jewelers' Circular-keystone
1236:
1220:
1193:
1177:
1160:
1153:The Jewelers' Circular-keystone
1144:
1127:
1109:
1076:
1059:But Wait! There's More! (Maybe)
1049:
1023:
1007:
991:
975:
959:
943:
926:
910:
894:
867:
851:
834:
816:
790:
774:
757:But Wait! There's More! (Maybe)
500:
246:, the company briefly produced
1486:. Gale Research. May 1, 2007.
1444:. Gale Research. May 1, 2007.
1353:. Badgley Publishing Company.
1200:Shasho, Ray (March 21, 2011).
1035:. Gale Research. May 1, 2007.
747:
731:
714:
688:
666:
650:
625:
609:
583:
357:WWII and Electronic Components
139:(as The Speidel Chain Company)
1:
1908:Companies established in 1867
1232:. A/S/M Communications. 1992.
576:
286:" (also incorrectly known as
224:East Providence, Rhode Island
149:East Providence, Rhode Island
128:East Providence, Rhode Island
33:, a violation of Knowledge's
116:; 120 years ago
7:
1667:. Chilton Co. January 1985.
1379:. Time Inc. March 31, 1972.
952:Jewelers' Circular/keystone
425:The 'Twist-O-Flex' Bracelet
222:and related items based in
10:
1924:
1755:Companies and Their Brands
1483:Brands and Their Companies
1441:Brands and Their Companies
1032:Brands and Their Companies
321:Early-mid 1900s and Growth
273:
63:
1264:. Chilton Co. April 1981.
1019:. Chilton Co. March 1973.
1003:. Time Inc. June 7, 1948.
199:
182:
166:
143:
107:
97:
87:
78:
987:. Chilton Company. 1944.
955:. Chilton Company. 1971.
411:identification bracelets
347:Providence, Rhode Island
1810:sip-trunking.tmcnet.com
1758:. Gale Research. 2005.
1229:Adweek's Marketing Week
860:The Jewelers' Circular
397:in the United States.
395:television advertisers
232:gold and silver chains
1832:, accessed 2 Feb 2018
1091:. JHU Press. p.
218:is a manufacturer of
64:For the surname, see
43:neutral point of view
1428:on February 3, 2003.
1393:Promotional Strategy
804:. September 24, 2019
307:European-style front
1680:Control Engineering
1321:. August 20, 1946.
1296:. Chilton Co. 1983.
830:on August 31, 2003.
786:. The Office. 1952.
702:. February 27, 2020
535:Hirsch Speidel Inc.
303:five-story building
299:Monks & Johnson
75:
61:American watchmaker
1725:The New York Times
1561:The New York Times
637:www.goantiques.com
597:. October 26, 2013
565:The Speidel Family
519:mass merchandisers
280:Pforzheim, Germany
73:
1727:. June 25, 1999.
1706:978-1-57311-045-7
1493:978-0-7876-2288-6
1451:978-0-7876-2288-6
1360:978-0-9988045-0-7
1213:978-1-4502-9859-9
1102:978-0-8018-7933-3
1069:978-1-4363-3092-3
1062:. Omegacom, Inc.
1042:978-0-7876-2287-9
968:Investor's Reader
887:978-0-917012-77-8
767:978-1-4363-3092-3
760:. Omegacom, Inc.
367:cathode ray tubes
248:cathode-ray tubes
213:
212:
66:Speidel (surname)
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479:Switzerland
463:New Zealand
415:Photo Ident
335:World War I
305:, with its
168:Area served
1897:Categories
1786:. May 2003
1137:TV Results
577:References
548:outsourced
407:Korean War
331:watchbands
220:watchbands
191:(Former),
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260:lighters
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1854:2020
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