167:(SCI) control systems may be the most well-known intelligence SAPs. The treatment of SCI is singular among SAPs, and it seems there is some disagreement within the government as to whether or not SCI is a SAP. Defense Department sources usually state that it is, and at least one publication refers to a separate SCI-SAP category alongside the three listed above. The Intelligence Community, drawing on the DNI's statutory responsibility to protect intelligence sources and methods, finds a legal basis for SCI separate from that of SAPs, and consequently consider SCI and SAPs separate instances of the more general controlled access program.
496:
87:
Dwight D. Eisenhower issues
Executive order 10501. It drops the "restricted" classification level. It removes classification authority from 28 government entities and limits its use in 17 more. There are now explicit guidelines for the remaining three classification levels to prevent a systematic
215:
Compartments within SAPs may be denoted by a hyphen, and are listed alphanumerically. Subcompartments are separated by spaces, and are also listed alphanumerically. Markings do not show the hierarchy beyond the sub-compartment level. Sub-sub-compartments are listed in the same manner as
121:. These SAPs are exempt by statutory authority of the Secretary of Defense from most reporting requirements and, within the legislative branch, the only persons who are required to be informed of said SAPs are the chairpersons and ranking committee members of the
57:, special terminology or markings, exclusion from standard contract investigations (carve-outs), and centralized billet systems. Within the Department of Defense, SAP is better known as "SAR" by the mandatory Special Access Required (SAR) markings.
680:
For the aforementioned notional MEDIAN BELL program, and the RED FAN 1532 and RED GLUE A691 and D722 sub-compartments of the notional SPACKLE CEILING program. It is possible that A691 is a sub-sub-compartment of D722, or vice
325:(SCI), national intelligence information concerning sources and methods which is protected by control systems defined by the Director of National Intelligence. Note that SCI markings are separate from those of other SAPs.
331:-Extremely Sensitive Information (SIOP-ESI, replaced by NC2-ESI), the national plan for nuclear war. Note that SIOP-ESI was listed among non-IC dissemination control markings on classified documents, not with other SAPs.
70:
Shortly before
America's involvement in World War II Franklin D. Roosevelt signs Executive Order 8381, creating the three security levels for his country's most important documents- Restricted, Confidential, and Secret.
88:
flood of classified documents coming from the
Pentagon and other agencies. The Pentagon responds by creating its own "special access" labels to further insulate classified information from outside influence.
258:
is understood informally as described as those who need to know have access, access is "on a need to know basis". A SAP can only be initiated, modified, and terminated within their department or agency; the
109:
Two types of SAP exist – acknowledged and unacknowledged. The existence of an acknowledged SAP may be publicly disclosed, but the details of the program remain classified. An unacknowledged SAP (or
787:
191:
Abbreviations may be used for either element. Portion markings use SAR and the program's abbreviation. For example, a secret SAP with the nickname MEDIAN BELL would be marked
480:
426:
517:
447:
848:
96:
In
Executive Order number 11652 Richard M. Nixon legitimizes the use of special access controls and the "special access program" is finally made official.
79:
After the conclusion of World War II, President Harry S. Truman issues
Executive order 10104, and creates the "Top Secret classification" designation.
310:
is obliged to submit a report, submitted not later than the 1st of March for each year, to the defense committee on special access programs.
853:
272:
149:
Acquisition SAPs (AQ-SAPs), which protect the "research, development, testing, modification, and evaluation or procurement" of new systems;
303:. These offices are better known as 'classification authorities.' They retain the right to declassify or revise classification levels.
359:
38:
518:"EXECUTIVE ORDER 11652 -- 'CLASSIFICATION AND DECLASSIFICATION OF NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION AND MATERIAL' | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)"
448:"EXECUTIVE ORDER 10501 SAFEGUARDING OFFICIAL INFORMATION IN THE INTERESTS OF THE DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)"
797:
858:
292:
712:
284:
34:
603:
41:
with safeguards and access restrictions that exceed those for regular (collateral) classified information. SAPs can range from
767:
53:. In addition to collateral controls, a SAP may impose more stringent investigative or adjudicative requirements, specialized
575:
276:
159:
Operations and
Support SAPs (OS-SAPs), which protect the "planning, execution, and support" of sensitive military activities.
550:
742:
812:
322:
296:
164:
118:
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346:
328:
307:
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823:
DOD 5205.11 Instructions - Management, Administration, and
Oversight of DoD Special Access Programs, 6 February 2013
418:
260:
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455:
126:
122:
743:
United States Code, 2006, V. 4, Title 8, Aliens and
Nationality, to Title 10, Armed Forces, Sections 101-1805 -
300:
152:
Intelligence SAPs (IN-SAPs), which protect the "planning and execution of especially sensitive intelligence or
134:
130:
813:
Intelligence
Community Authorized Classification and Control Markings Register and Manual v5.1, 30 March 2012
832:
671:
Intelligence
Community Authorized Classification and Control Markings Register and Manual, v5.1, p. 67-68
318:
The following national or international SAPs, unless otherwise noted, are identified in 32 CFR 154.17:
180:
113:) is made known only to authorized persons, including members of the appropriate committees of the
364:
54:
46:
798:
DOD 5220.22-M, National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (NISPOM), 28 February, 2006
482:
Security Classified and Controlled Information: History, Status, and Emerging Management Issues
216:
sub-compartments. A more complex banner line with multiple SAPs and subcompartments might read
114:
731:
8:
153:
709:
236:. Other variations move the special access warning to a second line, which would read
596:
486:
783:
AR 380-381, Special Access Programs (SAPs) and Sensitive Activities, 21 April 2004
571:
546:
716:
20:
807:
788:
Authorized Classification and Control Markings Register Version 1.2, 12 May 2008
782:
773:
AR 380-5, Department of the Army Information Security Program, 29 September 2000
228:
Older documents used different standard for marking. The banner line might read
777:
827:
822:
772:
842:
802:
393:
42:
792:
254:
50:
817:
175:
SAP documents require special marking to indicate their status. The words
828:
DOD 5205.07 Directive - Special Access Program (SAP) Policy, 1 July 2010
19:
For programs that provide access to unapproved medical treatments, see
793:
DCID 3/29, Controlled Access Program Oversight Committee, 2 June 1995
145:
There are three categories of SAPs within the Department of Defense:
808:
EO 13526, Classified National Security Information, 29 December 2009
240:
or some other phrase directed by the program security instructions.
16:
Highly classified information provider in the US federal government
662:
Authorized Classification and Control Markings Register v1.2, p. 9
818:
News and discussion forum for historical Special Access Programs
238:
MEDIAN BELL Special Control and Access Required (SCAR) Use Only
163:
Only the Director of National Intelligence may create IN-SAPs.
572:"Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy"
833:
In search of the Pentagon's billion dollar hidden budgets
803:
DODD 5200.1-R, Information Security Program, January 1997
117:. Waived SAPs are a subset of unacknowledged SAPs in the
45:
to routine but especially-sensitive operations, such as
778:
AR 380-67, Personnel Security Program, 9 September 1988
597:"Hearing before the Select Committee on Intelligence"
745:(p.593) printed by U.S. Government Printing Office
840:
137:. Oftentimes, this notification is only oral.
339:Nuclear Weapon Personnel Reliability Program
230:SECRET//MEDIAN BELL//SPECIAL ACCESS REQUIRED
183:, are placed in the document's banner line.
849:Classified information in the United States
360:Compartmentalization (information security)
193:SECRET//SPECIAL ACCESS REQUIRED-MEDIAN BELL
835:, Jane's Information Group, 5 January 2000
299:); or others designated in writing by the
218:TOP SECRET//SAR-MB/SC-RF 1532-RG A691 D722
349:classified information at the staff level
252:policy on classified security categories
635:32 CFR 154.17 and NISPOM, 2006, p. 9-3-1
207:Multiple SAPs are separated by slashes.
243:
99:
841:
478:
342:Chemical Personnel Reliability Program
179:, followed by the program nickname or
283:; their principal deputies (e.g. the
232:, and the portion marking would read
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472:
37:are security protocols that provide
854:United States Department of Defense
323:Sensitive Compartmented Information
165:Sensitive Compartmented Information
82:
74:
51:presidential transportation support
13:
710:Intelligence and Security Doctrine
479:Relyea, Harold C. (October 2010).
347:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
329:Single Integrated Operational Plan
14:
870:
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721:Federation of American Scientists
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281:Director of National Intelligence
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859:United States government secrecy
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186:
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609:from the original on 2021-03-08
578:from the original on 2021-06-21
553:from the original on 2022-09-05
499:from the original on 2024-09-03
429:from the original on 2022-06-08
400:from the original on 2021-08-07
334:Presidential support activities
210:
127:Senate Armed Services Committee
123:Senate Appropriations Committee
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273:Secretary of Homeland Security
135:House Armed Services Committee
131:House Appropriations Committee
1:
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39:highly classified information
7:
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293:Deputy Secretary of Defense
195:. Portions would be marked
10:
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394:"Executive Order No. 8381"
170:
60:
18:
383:DOD 5200.1-R, 1997, p. 86
285:Deputy Secretary of State
104:
55:nondisclosure agreements
699:AR 380-381, 2004, p. 37
626:AR 380-381, 2004, p. 11
365:State secrets privilege
177:SPECIAL ACCESS REQUIRED
35:U.S. Federal Government
27:Special access programs
754:AR 380-67, 1988, p. 17
690:AR 380-5, 2000, p. 221
115:United States Congress
732:Executive Order 13526
644:AR 380-5, 2000, p. 11
156:units or operations";
119:Department of Defense
485:. DIANE Publishing.
308:Secretary of Defense
265:Secretary of Defense
244:Involved individuals
100:Types and categories
768:32 CFR 154.17, 2010
528:on January 23, 2017
458:on January 23, 2017
269:Secretary of Energy
715:2021-07-25 at the
419:"Executive Orders"
261:Secretary of State
719:published by the
423:National Archives
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277:Attorney General
83:November 5, 1953
75:February 1, 1950
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49:maintenance or
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203:Multiple SAPs
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187:Abbreviations
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611:. Retrieved
591:
580:. Retrieved
566:
555:. Retrieved
547:"10 USC 119"
541:
530:. Retrieved
526:the original
521:
512:
501:. Retrieved
481:
460:. Retrieved
456:the original
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442:
431:. Retrieved
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402:. Retrieved
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211:Compartments
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95:
86:
78:
69:
30:
26:
25:
522:www.cia.gov
452:www.cia.gov
248:SAP access
197:(S//SAR-MB)
843:Categories
613:2016-01-01
582:2016-01-01
557:2017-05-09
532:2019-06-01
503:2020-11-21
462:2019-06-01
433:2019-06-01
404:2019-06-01
371:References
345:Access to
224:Variations
141:Categories
133:, and the
708:F.A.S. -
306:The U.S.
301:President
33:) in the
713:Archived
604:Archived
576:Archived
551:Archived
497:Archived
427:Archived
398:Archived
354:See also
314:Examples
291:and the
255:de facto
181:codeword
234:(S//MB)
171:Marking
61:History
681:versa.
489:
279:, the
275:, the
47:COMSEC
607:(PDF)
600:(PDF)
105:Types
487:ISBN
250:ergo
111:USAP
31:SAPs
297:DoD
295:in
289:DoS
287:in
845::
602:.
574:.
549:.
520:.
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471:^
450:.
421:.
396:.
271:,
267:,
263:,
220:.
199:.
154:CI
129:,
125:,
616:.
585:.
560:.
535:.
506:.
465:.
436:.
407:.
29:(
23:.
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