55:
188:
33:
1086:
285:
to transport oxygen to the rooting zone. The leaves are strap-like. The flowers are borne in spherical heads, which bear either male or female flowers. The seeds may accumulate in the soil as dense seed banks, which allow the plants to regenerate during low water periods.
277:, commonly known as the bur-reed, is a genus of aquatic plants of shallow marshes, ponds, and streams. There are 9 species found in the United States and Canada. The stem, which may be floating or emergent, emerges from a buried rhizome, which like many
613:
586:
570:
389:
1074:
621:
629:
637:
517:
354:
645:
594:
605:
544:
529:
370:
559:
417:
318:(1562). Turner noted that there was no name for the plants in English, and suggested bede sedge or knop sedge. Further, he noted, "the virtues of
1324:
292:
is an important component of aquatic and marsh vegetation in temperate to arctic regions. It provides food and cover for wildlife and waterfowl.
1363:
1037:"Neogene and early Pleistocene flora from Alaska, USA and Arctic/Subarctic Canada: New data, intercontinental comparisons and correlations"
1412:
1272:
1337:
1285:
1071:
1538:
1342:
1500:
1479:
1368:
1311:
260:
in that family. It has been determined from phylogenetic analysis to be the closest living relative of the genus
1474:
1443:
1350:
1186:
1181:
1158:
1090:
914:
Turner, William (1562). A new herbal. Republished 1995, GTL Chapman, MN Tweddle, eds. Cambridge U. Press.
315:
1264:
1238:
875:
847:
832:
1438:
54:
1505:
1430:
1290:
1378:
805:
362:
1417:
1259:
1533:
1404:
1233:
1101:
1329:
986:
1399:
474:
405:
346:
176:
1391:
1207:
1139:
501:
440:
1251:
974:
8:
1528:
223:
219:
794:
1487:
1246:
1032:
467:
397:
381:
163:
49:
1386:
1194:
578:
338:
1492:
1199:
1048:
1018:
510:
483:
410:
1150:
1163:
1078:
766:
738:
710:
687:
227:
211:
92:
1466:
1355:
1124:
762:
703:
699:
676:
449:
253:
79:
214:, described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. It is widespread in wet areas in
1522:
890:
553:
322:: The roote is good to be geven wyth wyne agaynste the poyson of serpentes."
300:
241:
187:
155:
105:
1017:
Angiosperm Fruits and Seeds from the Middle
Miocene of Jutland (Denmark) by
314:
Perhaps the first mention of
Sparganium in the English language was made by
1456:
452:
1298:
1173:
1133:
773:
is also recorded in
Pliocene and Miocene floras of Arctic North America
506:
479:
445:
230:
118:
817:
1277:
455:
434:
282:
32:
1303:
1220:
876:
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=130772
754:
746:
734:
707:
695:
683:
599:
522:
495:
491:
464:
461:
426:
422:
249:
215:
138:
1316:
1095:
1451:
1118:
666:
549:
534:
458:
1225:
1053:
1036:
758:
750:
718:
714:
691:
487:
430:
278:
234:
1085:
679:
663:
650:
564:
375:
128:
1212:
1425:
1021:, The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters 24:3, 1985
985:
Ito, Y., Nr. Tanaka, C.-K. Kim, R. Kaul, D. C. Albach (2015)
538:
262:
207:
66:
1030:
947:
Cook and
Nicholls (1987) A monographic study of the genus
923:
Cook and
Nicholls (1986) A monographic study of the genus
694:. Otherwise the species has been recorded from the Middle
641:β East Asia, Himalayas, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand
303:
in
Species Plantarum (1753), with two species recognized:
905:(2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
233:
that can grow to 3.5 m (depending on the species), with
733:
have also been described from the
Fasterholt area near
1072:
Sparganium identification key and species descriptions
975:
Biota of North
America 2013 county distribution maps
806:
Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species
Plantarum 2: 971
521:β Alps, Subarctic (Europe, Russia, Alaska, Canada,
1008:. Plant Systematics and Evolution 301(9): xxx-xxx.
991:(Typhaceae) revisited: Non-monophyletic nature of
16:Genus of flowering plants in the family Typhaceae
1520:
795:Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
240:It was previously placed alone in the family
903:Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation
891:http://botany.wisc.edu/jsulman/jsulman.htm
889:research page, UW-Madison Dept. of Botany
833:Flora of North America Vol. 22, bur-reed,
490:, Russia, China, Mongolia, Japan, Canada,
31:
1052:
874:12+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 22.
186:
872:Flora of North America North of Mexico.
1521:
1100:
1099:
870:and Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+.
1480:49215da5-e16d-4e51-83dc-70b4074d0dcf
1431:BE0E87A3-897C-2654-8444-1523E959480A
1379:07bb749d-8c60-4b68-938f-e4b77253a742
866:Kaul, RB (1997). Sparganiaceae. In:
790:
788:
786:
13:
444:β Canada, northern United States (
14:
1550:
1065:
848:Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 158
1084:
1031:Fletcher, Tamara; Telka, Alice;
783:
657:
53:
1444:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39598-1
1024:
1011:
999:sensu lato and resurrection of
979:
968:
941:
917:
908:
895:
880:
860:
841:
826:
811:
799:
706:, among these from the Middle
1:
776:
582:β Europe, Asia, North America
401:β Europe, Asia, North America
385:β Europe, Asia, North America
366:β Europe, Asia, North America
682:of the Fasterholt area near
7:
1539:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
745:is also described from the
614:Sparganium Γ speirocephalum
609:β Siberia, Manchuria, Japan
325:
10:
1555:
1041:Palaeontologia Electronica
281:plants, is dependent upon
269:
248:is closely related to the
1108:
1035:; John, Matthews (2021).
675:have been described from
169:
162:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
730:Sparganium multiloculare
587:Sparganium Γ oligocarpon
571:Sparganium Γ longifolium
390:Sparganium Γ englerianum
363:Sparganium angustifolium
868:Flora of North America.
630:Sparganium stoloniferum
358:β eastern North America
350:β eastern North America
342:β eastern North America
672:Sparganium pusilloides
638:Sparganium subglobosum
622:Sparganium Γ splendens
518:Sparganium hyperboreum
413:, Japan, North America
355:Sparganium androcladum
194:
1400:Paleobiology Database
1093:at Wikimedia Commons
646:Sparganium yunnanense
595:Sparganium probatovae
475:Sparganium glomeratum
406:Sparganium eurycarpum
347:Sparganium americanum
192:Sparganium eurycarpum
190:
40:Simplestem bur-reed (
901:Keddy, P.A. (2010).
721:of 20 endocarps of β
669:and a few seeds of β
606:Sparganium rothertii
545:Sparganium kawakamii
530:Sparganium japonicum
502:Sparganium gramineum
441:Sparganium fluctuans
371:Sparganium confertum
224:Southern Hemispheres
218:regions of both the
1033:Rybczynski, Natalia
951:. Part 2: Subgenus
927:. Part 1: Subgenus
727:and 1 endocarp of β
1077:2015-05-26 at the
933:Botanica Helvetica
724:Sparganium simplex
560:Sparganium limosum
398:Sparganium erectum
382:Sparganium emersum
195:
42:Sparganium erectum
1516:
1515:
1387:Open Tree of Life
1102:Taxon identifiers
1089:Media related to
852:hei san leng shu
579:Sparganium natans
574:β northern Russia
418:Sparganium fallax
339:Sparganium acaule
299:was published by
226:. The plants are
185:
184:
179:
158:
1546:
1509:
1508:
1496:
1495:
1483:
1482:
1470:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1433:
1421:
1420:
1408:
1407:
1395:
1394:
1382:
1381:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1358:
1356:NHMSYS0000463840
1346:
1345:
1333:
1332:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1306:
1294:
1293:
1281:
1280:
1268:
1267:
1255:
1254:
1242:
1241:
1229:
1228:
1216:
1215:
1203:
1202:
1190:
1189:
1177:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1154:
1153:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1028:
1022:
1019:Else Marie Friis
1015:
1009:
983:
977:
972:
966:
945:
939:
929:Xanthosparganium
921:
915:
912:
906:
899:
893:
884:
878:
864:
858:
845:
839:
830:
824:
815:
809:
803:
797:
792:
743:S. multiloculare
633:β temperate Asia
625:β western Russia
411:Russian Far East
256:(2009) includes
212:flowering plants
175:
154:
58:
57:
35:
21:
20:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1504:
1499:
1491:
1486:
1478:
1473:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1437:
1429:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1403:
1398:
1390:
1385:
1377:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1341:
1336:
1328:
1323:
1315:
1310:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1284:
1276:
1271:
1263:
1258:
1250:
1245:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1211:
1206:
1198:
1193:
1185:
1180:
1172:
1170:
1162:
1157:
1149:
1147:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1104:
1079:Wayback Machine
1068:
1063:
1062:
1029:
1025:
1016:
1012:
984:
980:
973:
969:
946:
942:
922:
918:
913:
909:
900:
896:
885:
881:
865:
861:
851:
846:
842:
831:
827:
816:
812:
804:
800:
793:
784:
779:
767:Western Siberia
739:Central Jutland
711:Haselbacher See
688:Central Jutland
660:
655:
513:, Russia, Japan
328:
295:The genus name
272:
153:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1552:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1497:
1493:wfo-4000035857
1484:
1471:
1461:
1448:
1435:
1422:
1409:
1396:
1383:
1373:
1360:
1347:
1334:
1321:
1308:
1295:
1282:
1269:
1256:
1243:
1230:
1217:
1204:
1191:
1178:
1168:
1155:
1145:
1130:
1114:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1082:
1081:
1067:
1066:External links
1064:
1061:
1060:
1023:
1010:
978:
967:
940:
916:
907:
894:
879:
859:
849:
840:
825:
810:
798:
781:
780:
778:
775:
763:Central Europe
704:Central Europe
700:Middle Miocene
677:middle Miocene
659:
656:
654:
653:
642:
634:
626:
618:
610:
602:
591:
583:
575:
567:
556:
541:
526:
514:
498:
471:
437:
414:
402:
394:
386:
378:
367:
359:
351:
343:
334:
333:
332:
327:
324:
316:William Turner
271:
268:
254:APG III system
183:
182:
181:
180:
167:
166:
160:
159:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
109:
108:
103:
96:
95:
90:
83:
82:
77:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1551:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1534:Poales genera
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1507:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1055:
1054:10.26879/1121
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1014:
1007:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
987:Phylogeny of
982:
976:
971:
964:
961:
958:
954:
950:
944:
937:
934:
930:
926:
920:
911:
904:
898:
892:
888:
883:
877:
873:
869:
863:
857:
855:
844:
838:
836:
829:
823:
821:
814:
807:
802:
796:
791:
789:
787:
782:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
731:
726:
725:
720:
716:
712:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
678:
674:
673:
668:
665:
658:Fossil record
652:
648:
647:
643:
640:
639:
635:
632:
631:
627:
624:
623:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
607:
603:
601:
597:
596:
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
580:
576:
573:
572:
568:
566:
562:
561:
557:
555:
554:Kuril Islands
551:
547:
546:
542:
540:
536:
532:
531:
527:
524:
520:
519:
515:
512:
508:
504:
503:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
447:
443:
442:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
415:
412:
408:
407:
403:
400:
399:
395:
392:
391:
387:
384:
383:
379:
377:
373:
372:
368:
365:
364:
360:
357:
356:
352:
349:
348:
344:
341:
340:
336:
335:
330:
329:
323:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
284:
280:
276:
267:
265:
264:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:Sparganiaceae
238:
236:
232:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
200:
193:
189:
178:
174:
171:
170:
168:
165:
161:
157:
152:
151:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
80:Tracheophytes
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1109:
1083:
1044:
1040:
1026:
1013:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
981:
970:
962:
959:
956:
952:
948:
943:
935:
932:
928:
924:
919:
910:
902:
897:
886:
882:
871:
867:
862:
853:
843:
834:
828:
819:
813:
801:
770:
749:of southern
742:
729:
728:
723:
722:
671:
670:
661:
644:
636:
628:
620:
612:
604:
593:
585:
577:
569:
558:
543:
528:
516:
500:
473:
439:
416:
404:
396:
388:
380:
369:
361:
353:
345:
337:
319:
313:
308:
304:
296:
294:
289:
288:
274:
273:
266:(cat-tail).
261:
257:
245:
239:
231:marsh plants
203:
198:
197:
196:
191:
172:
149:
148:
112:
99:
86:
73:
41:
24:
18:
1299:iNaturalist
1134:Wikispecies
507:Scandinavia
480:Scandinavia
446:New England
119:Commelinids
93:Angiosperms
1529:Sparganium
1523:Categories
1317:30015179-2
1252:Sparganium
1140:Sparganium
1110:Sparganium
1091:Sparganium
989:Sparganium
953:Sparganium
949:Sparganium
925:Sparganium
887:Sparganium
854:Sparganium
835:Sparganium
820:Sparganium
818:Tropicos,
777:References
771:Sparganium
761:floras of
702:floras of
435:New Guinea
320:Sparganium
305:S. erectum
297:Sparganium
290:Sparganium
283:aerenchyma
275:Sparganium
258:Sparganium
246:Sparganium
199:Sparganium
173:Platanaria
150:Sparganium
25:Sparganium
1047:(1) a08.
960:Helvetica
755:Oligocene
747:Oligocene
735:Silkeborg
708:Oligocene
696:Oligocene
684:Silkeborg
667:endocarps
617:β Finland
600:Kamchatka
590:β Siberia
537:, Japan,
523:Greenland
496:Wisconsin
492:Minnesota
427:Himalayas
423:East Asia
393:β Germany
309:S. natans
250:Typhaceae
237:flowers.
228:perennial
216:temperate
139:Typhaceae
63:Kingdom:
1475:VicFlora
1464:VASCAN:
1457:40002461
1452:Tropicos
1171:BioLib:
1125:Q1196275
1119:Wikidata
1075:Archived
957:Botanica
856:Linnaeus
837:Linnaeus
808:in Latin
753:and the
713:clay in
550:Sakhalin
535:Primorye
326:Taxonomy
301:Linnaeus
252:and the
220:Northern
204:bur-reed
164:Synonyms
135:Family:
106:Monocots
1506:1415742
1330:1022425
1278:2702260
997:emersum
938:213-267
759:Miocene
751:England
719:Fossils
715:Leipzig
698:to the
692:Denmark
511:Baltics
488:Belarus
484:Baltics
431:Sumatra
331:Species
279:wetland
270:Summary
235:epicene
206:) is a
145:Genus:
125:Order:
67:Plantae
1413:PLANTS
1392:928468
1376:NZOR:
1265:130772
1239:130772
1187:121468
1151:194990
1148:APDB:
1005:acaule
680:strata
664:fossil
651:Yunnan
565:Yunnan
376:Yunnan
129:Poales
1501:WoRMS
1426:Plazi
1418:SPARG
1405:55259
1343:42312
1325:IRMNG
1304:61117
1291:11324
1247:FoAO2
1226:1SPGG
1213:32643
1200:8W3NS
1174:42801
1164:68761
662:Many
539:Korea
263:Typha
208:genus
113:Clade
100:Clade
87:Clade
74:Clade
1467:1703
1439:POWO
1369:4729
1364:NCBI
1338:ITIS
1312:IPNI
1286:GRIN
1273:GBIF
1221:EPPO
1182:BOLD
1159:APNI
965:1-44
850:ι»δΈζ£±ε±
765:and
757:and
307:and
222:and
177:Gray
1488:WFO
1351:NBN
1260:FoC
1234:FNA
1208:EoL
1195:CoL
1049:doi
963:97:
936:96:
737:in
686:in
210:of
1525::
1503::
1490::
1477::
1454::
1441::
1428::
1415::
1402::
1389::
1366::
1353::
1340::
1327::
1314::
1301::
1288::
1275::
1262::
1249::
1236::
1223::
1210::
1197::
1184::
1161::
1136::
1121::
1045:24
1043:.
1039:.
1003:.
995:.
955:.
931:.
822:L.
785:^
769:.
741:,
717:.
690:,
649:β
598:β
563:β
552:,
548:β
533:β
509:,
505:β
494:,
486:,
482:,
478:β
468:WA
465:MN
462:WI
459:MI
456:NJ
453:PA
450:NY
448:,
433:,
429:,
425:,
421:β
409:β
374:β
311:.
244:.
156:L.
115::
102::
89::
76::
44:)
1057:.
1051::
1001:S
993:S
525:)
470:)
202:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
