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and causing unprecedented confusion within the competition. Some teams withdrew, others refused to play teams from certain countries. Both Graf and
Menchik played the entire tournament. Graf won 16 games and lost 3, finishing second. In her game against Menchik, Graf lost after achieving a winning
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During the early decades of the 20th century, female chess players were a rarity and Sonja Graf basked in the popularity and attention her sudden fame brought her as much as she exploited the freedom and independence of her new itinerant lifestyle. In 1934, she played against the era's other woman
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twice in simultaneous competition and turned chess professional. She began traveling throughout Europe, following the chess circuit both for the experience and to distance herself from what she considered the ominous
150:, but moved to Munich to pursue life as a painter. She later wrote that despite the suffering she endured at the hands of her father, she was grateful that he taught her the game of chess when she was still a child.
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Chess became her means of escape, both mentally and physically, and she began spending all her time in Munich chess cafés. Her fame as a coffeehouse player grew and she was introduced to and became the
252:, September 19, 1964). Following the outbreak of the war, Sonja Graf, along with many other participants of the Olympiad, had decided to remain in the safety of Argentina. She quickly learned the
315:. In 1964 she had her second win in the U.S. Women's Championship, but was already suffering from the liver ailment which would take her life the following year. Sonja Graf died in New York City
199:. She lost both matches (by the scores of 1–3 and 4½–11½), but was invited, along with Menchik, to participate in what would normally have been an exclusive male tournament held that year in
239:'s government, she was taken off the list of German participants and played under "Libre" ("free" in Spanish) flag. In September, with the tournament still in progress, Germany invaded
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position, something she always regretted ("against
Menchik, when she was world champion, I had a won game, but I found the three stupidest moves you could think of and lost."—
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272:), recounting the physical and psychological abuse she suffered during her childhood. She also met
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region, who had moved to Munich in
September 1906. Her father was originally a priest in
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runner-up and a two-time U.S. women's champion. In 2016, she was inducted into the
381:"Childhood of Sonja (Susanna) Graf - the solutions to (nearly) all open questions"
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language, assimilated herself in the culture and wrote the books,
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114:(December 16, 1908 – March 6, 1965) was a German and American
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264:), which describes her experiences as a chess player, and
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533:List of players who remained in Argentina in 1939:
416:"Life story of female prodigy Sonja Graf-Stevenson"
672:Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
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344:Her real name was Susanna Graf, according to
276:Vernon Stevenson, whom she married in 1947.
235:. As a result of her outspoken defiance of
287:, and Graf started playing under the name
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677:Naturalized citizens of the United States
662:20th-century American non-fiction writers
647:Argentine emigrants to the United States
171:movement based, at the time, in Munich.
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346:Ken Whyld Foundation & Association
162:. By age twenty-three, she had beaten
682:20th-century American women writers
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307:, where she gave chess lessons at
215:In Argentina and the United States
187:and, subsequently, in an official
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597:Chess Woman International Masters
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329:months after her 56th birthday.
229:Women's World Chess Championship
219:In 1939, Sonja Graf traveled to
396:"Campeonato del mundo femenino"
297:U.S. Women's Chess Championship
16:German chess player (1908–1965)
617:Argentine female chess players
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414:Negele, Michael (2007-02-10).
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299:. She and her family moved to
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642:German emigrants to Argentina
602:American female chess players
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231:, held concurrently with the
189:1937 world championship match
558:player profile and games at
538:(in Spanish). Archived from
350:Passengers of the Piriápolis
86:New York City, United States
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627:German female chess players
313:Queen's Pawn Chess Emporium
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667:20th-century chess players
120:women's world championship
95:Woman International Master
657:Deaths from liver disease
262:This Is How a Woman Plays
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652:Sportspeople from Munich
367:World Chess Hall of Fame
124:World Chess Hall of Fame
622:Argentine chess players
279:The newlyweds moved to
612:American chess writers
607:American chess players
362:"Sonja Graf-Stevenson"
158:of the German master,
523:Paulette Schwartzmann
420:Ken Whyld Association
385:Ken Whyld Association
637:German anti-fascists
632:German chess players
573:(September 19, 1964)
289:Sonja Graf-Stevenson
293:Gisela Kahn Gresser
281:Southern California
258:AsĂ juega una mujer
536:"Asilados en 1939"
467:Heinrich Reinhardt
233:8th Chess Olympiad
169:National Socialist
118:player. She was a
519:Zelman Kleinstein
400:Ajedezd de ataque
305:Greenwich Village
160:Siegbert Tarrasch
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67:December 16, 1908
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507:Franciszek Sulik
443:Gideon StĂĄhlberg
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370:. 23 March 2017.
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274:merchant mariner
181:unofficial match
164:Rudolf Spielmann
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570:The New Yorker
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560:Chessgames.com
551:
550:External links
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542:on 2009-07-23.
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515:Chris de Ronde
491:Moshe Czerniak
483:Movsas Feigins
475:Karel SkaliÄŤka
439:Miguel Najdorf
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84:(aged 56)
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39:Full name
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266:Yo Soy Susann
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540:the original
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471:Jiřà Pelikán
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423:. Retrieved
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245:World War II
221:Buenos Aires
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177:Vera Menchik
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82:(1965-03-06)
42:Susanna Graf
33:Graf in 1934
592:1965 deaths
587:1908 births
511:Adolf Seitz
499:Victor Winz
455:Paul Michel
295:) the 1957
270:I Am Susann
130:Early years
581:Categories
556:Sonja Graf
495:Meir Rauch
487:Ilmar Raud
425:2021-01-23
333:References
250:New Yorker
209:Paul Keres
175:champion,
63:1908-12-16
22:Sonja Graf
309:Lisa Lane
285:Hollywood
225:Argentina
193:Semmering
185:Amsterdam
142:from the
72:, Germany
205:Estonian
179:, in an
156:protégée
134:Born in
565:Article
324:⁄
207:master
197:Austria
104:Susanna
50:Germany
47:Country
241:Poland
237:Hitler
201:Prague
148:Russia
144:Samara
136:Munich
97:(1950)
70:Munich
567:from
116:chess
108:Sonja
91:Title
348:and
112:Graf
77:Died
57:Born
311:'s
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191:in
183:in
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