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149:. The spontaneous mutation frequency was found to be significantly higher (5 to 10-fold) in the somatic cell types than in the male germline cells. In female mice, somatic cells were also found to have a higher mutation frequency than germline cells. It was suggested that elevated levels of
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enzymes play a prominent role in the lower mutation frequency of male and female germline cells, and that enhanced genetic integrity is a fundamental characteristic of germline cells. DNA repair processes can remove DNA damages that would, otherwise, upon DNA replication, cause mutation.
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is derived from the French somatique which comes from
Ancient Greek σωματικός (sōmatikós, “bodily”), and σῶμα (sôma, “body”.) is often used to refer to the
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are changes to the genetics of a multicellular organism that are not passed on to its offspring through the germline. Most
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and regulatory alterations. The grouping of similar cells and tissues creates the foundation for organs.
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Murphey P, McLean DJ, McMahan CA, Walter CA, McCarrey JR (2013).
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Walter CA, Intano GW, McCarrey JR, McMahan CA, Walter RB (1998).
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