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Social Funds have been criticized for displacing or weakening existing institutions such as sectoral ministries and departments, particularly since they often - but not always - offer salaries that are significantly higher than in the public sector. Another criticism is that there has been no exit
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In 2002 the World Bank carried out the first systematic, cross-country evaluation of social funds. The evaluation covered social funds in
Armenia, Bolivia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Peru, and Zambia in the fields of education, health, water, and sanitation projects. Outcomes such as poverty targeting,
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improvement of living standards, sustainability, and cost efficiency were evaluated. The evaluation concluded that social funds are effective at reaching the poor and investments made by social funds enable greater communities' participation and access to basic facilities and services.
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policies on the poor, which was mainly achieved by providing temporary employment. Second generation social funds have adopted more explicit institutional strategies aimed at empowerment and capacity building of communities as well as local governments in the context of
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Frigenti, L., Harth and Huque, 1998. Local
Solutions to Regional Problems: The Growth of Social Funds and Public Works and Employment Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa, Water and Urban 2 and Institutional and Social Policy Divisions, Africa Region, World Bank, Washington,
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and development at the local level. In many cases they serve as innovators and demonstrators of new methods of decentralized participatory decision-making, management, and accountability that may be adopted for broader application by public sector organizations.
69:, as well as in many other Eastern European countries. Probably the largest Social Fund is the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF) with a resource base of US$ 500 million. Social Funds have channeled close to US$ 5 billion of
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funding in Africa alone between 1999 and 2005 and have channeled more than ten billion dollars from all donors and governments' own resources over the past 20 years.
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While in principle a Social Fund is a financing facility, in practice the term has become synonymous to the agencies that typically run the financing facility
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Social Funds were created as temporary agencies that would be phased out once capacity of line agencies had been strengthened. Some Social Funds, such as in
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In 2007 Social Funds existed in more than 45 countries, predominantly in poorer and smaller developing countries that receive significant
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Some of the benefits of Social Funds have been their ability to better reach poor constituencies, to reduce
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The first generation social funds were created to serve as short-term safety nets to soften the impact of
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and to introduce innovations. Social Funds have pioneered community-driven development (CDD), whereby
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strategy to phase out Social Funds, although they were intended to be temporary institutions.
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Lebanon - The
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Evaluating social funds - a cross country analysis of community investments
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Social funds in developing countries should not be confused with the
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There are close to twenty social funds in Africa, including in
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Madagascar - Fonds d’Intervention pour le Développement (FID),
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Commission for Social Action (NaCSA),
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Rawlings, LB; Sherburne-Benz, L; Domelen, JV (2004).
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196:Tanzania - Tanzania Social Action Fund. (TASAF),
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342:Tunisia - Fonds de solidarité nationale (FSN),
190:Senegal - Fonds Social de DĂ©veloppement (FSD),
162:Burundi - Fonds social de développement (FSD),
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81:The first Social Fund was created in 1987 in
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165:Benin - Fonds social de développement (FSD),
277:Romania - Romanian Social Development Fund,
255:- Tajikistan Social Investment Fund (TASIF)
243:- Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF),
180:Mali - Fonds de solidarité nationale (FSN),
336:Egypt - Social Fund for Development (SFD),
206:Zimbabwe - Social Development Fund (SDF).
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199:Zambia - Zambia Social Investment Fund (
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470:Fondo de InversiĂłn Productivo Social
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20:(sometimes also called
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508:Social Fund
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449:0821350625
411:World Bank
378:References
253:Tajikistan
229:Kyrgyzstan
127:corruption
71:World Bank
53:Prevalence
271:Macedonia
137:Criticism
517:Category
473:Archived
350:See also
241:Pakistan
223:Cambodia
174:Lesotho,
168:Eritrea,
146:Examples
121:Benefits
112:Analysis
106:Honduras
102:Ethiopia
362:Sources
280:Ukraine
274:Moldova
265:Albania
217:Armenia
83:Bolivia
77:History
63:Romania
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356:AGETIP
268:Bosnia
260:Europe
203:), and
201:Zamsif
440:(PDF)
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211:Asia
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