1596:
1190:
361:
689:
flowing down the chimney and into the living space—a feature that can rarely be matched by the metal-on-metal seal afforded by a throat damper. Additionally, because the throat damper is subjected to intense heat from the fire directly below, it is common for the metal to become warped over time, thus further degrading the ability of the throat damper to seal. However, the advantage of a throat damper is that it seals off the living space from the air mass in the chimney, which, especially for chimneys positioned on an outside of wall of the home, is generally very cold. It is possible in practice to use both a top damper and a throat damper to obtain the benefits of both. The two top damper designs currently on the market are the
Lyemance (pivoting door) and the Lock Top (translating door).
3168:
1178:
3221:
428:
3209:
1608:
3180:
997:
1202:
596:
327:
733:
608:
1584:
1013:
528:
342:
1032:
444:
201:
745:
5118:
61:
627:
452:
5306:
574:
chimneys are known as class A and class B chimneys. Class A are either an insulated, double wall stainless steel pipe or triple wall, air-insulated pipe often known by its genericized trade name
Metalbestos. Class B are uninsulated double wall pipes often called B-vent, and are only used to vent non-condensing gas appliances. These may have an aluminum inside layer and galvanized steel outside layer.
782:". The taller the stack, the more draught or draft is created. There can be cases of diminishing returns: if a stack is overly tall in relation to the heat being sent out of the stack, the flue gases may cool before reaching the top of the chimney. This condition can result in poor drafting, and in the case of wood burning appliances, the cooling of the gases before emission can cause
1080:
cannot fall into disrepair. Disconnected or loose chimney fittings caused by corrosion over time can pose serious dangers for residents due to leakage of carbon monoxide into the home. Thus, it is recommended—and in some countries even mandatory—that chimneys be inspected annually and cleaned on a regular basis to prevent these problems. The workers who perform this task are called
3234:
Chimneys can carry antennas for radio relay services, cell phone transmissions, FM-radio and TV on their structure. Also long wire antennas for mediumwave transmissions can be fixed at chimneys. In all cases it had to be considered that these objects can easily corrode especially when placed near the
3148:
Nearly all this structures exist in an area, which was once part of the Soviet Union. Although this use has the disadvantage that conductor ropes may corrode faster due to the exhaust gases, one can find such structures also sometimes in countries not influenced by the former Soviet Union. An example
761:
When coal, oil, natural gas, wood, or any other fuel is combusted in a stove, oven, fireplace, hot water boiler, or industrial furnace, the hot combustion product gases that are formed are called flue gases. Those gases are generally exhausted to the ambient outside air through chimneys or industrial
1079:
Heaters that burn natural gas drastically reduce the amount of creosote buildup due to natural gas burning much cleaner and more efficiently than traditional solid fuels. While in most cases there is no need to clean a gas chimney on an annual basis that does not mean that other parts of the chimney
667:
is a chimney top constructed from chimney pipes shaped like the letter H. It is an age-old method of regulating draft in situations where prevailing winds or turbulences cause downdraft and back-puffing. Although the H cap has a distinct advantage over most other downdraft caps, it fell out of favor
394:
were an early method of collecting the smoke into a chimney. These were typically much wider than modern chimneys and started relatively high above the fire, meaning more heat could escape into the room. Because the air going up the shaft was cooler, these could be made of less fireproof materials.
656:
to minimize burning debris from rising out of the chimney and making it onto the roof. Although the masonry inside the chimney can absorb a large amount of moisture which later evaporates, rainwater can collect at the base of the chimney. Sometimes weep holes are placed at the bottom of the chimney
773:
than the pressure at the bottom of a corresponding column of outside air. That higher pressure outside the chimney is the driving force that moves the required combustion air into the combustion zone and also moves the flue gas up and out of the chimney. That movement or flow of combustion air and
688:
is a metal plate at the base of the chimney, just above the firebox, that can be opened and closed by a lever, gear, or chain to seal off the fireplace from the chimney. The advantage of a top damper is the tight weatherproof seal that it provides when closed, which prevents cold outside air from
573:
appliances, types 316 and 321 with coal, and type AL 29-4C is used with high efficiency condensing gas appliances. Stainless steel liners must have a cap and be insulated if they service solid fuel appliances, but following the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Aluminum and galvanized steel
1127:
now recommend building new homes with stud-framed chimneys around a metal flue. Bracing or strapping old masonry chimneys has not proven to be very effective in preventing damage or injury from earthquakes. It is now possible to buy "faux-brick" facades to cover these modern chimney structures.
398:
Chimneys in ordinary dwellings were first built of wood and plaster or mud. Since then chimneys have traditionally been built of brick or stone, both in small and large buildings. Early chimneys were of simple brick construction. Later chimneys were constructed by placing the bricks around tile
545:
from entering the house, and reduces the size of an oversized flue. Since the 1950s, building codes in many locations require newly built chimneys to have a flue liner. Chimneys built without a liner can usually have a liner added, but the type of liner needs to match the type of appliance it
410:
from its ore produced large amounts of toxic fumes. In the north of
England, long near-horizontal chimneys were built, often more than 3 km (2 mi) long, which typically terminated in a short vertical chimney in a remote location where the fumes would cause less harm. Lead and silver
3193:
Chimneys can also carry a water tank on their structure. This combination has the advantage that the warm smoke running through the chimney prevents the water in the tank from freezing. Before World War II such structures were not uncommon, especially in countries influenced by
Germany.
435:
As a result of the limited ability to handle transverse loads with brick, chimneys in houses were often built in a "stack", with a fireplace on each floor of the house sharing a single chimney, often with such a stack at the front and back of the house. Today's
1595:
484:
and are generally external structures, as opposed to those built into the wall of a building. They are generally located adjacent to a steam-generating boiler or industrial furnace and the gases are carried to them with ductwork. Today the use of reinforced
553:
1777 approval and frequently they have problems such as cracked tiles and improper installation. Clay tiles are usually about 2 feet (0.61 m) long, available in various sizes and shapes, and are installed in new construction as the chimney is built. A
1177:
732:
312:. Additionally, the dispersion of pollutants at higher altitudes can reduce their impact on the immediate surroundings. The dispersion of pollutants over a greater area can reduce their concentrations and facilitate compliance with regulatory limits.
382:, who drew smoke from their bakeries with tubes embedded in the walls. However, domestic chimneys first appeared in large dwellings in northern Europe in the 12th century. The earliest surviving example of an English chimney is at the keep of
580:
Poured in place concrete liners are made by pouring special concrete into the existing chimney with a form. These liners are highly durable, work with any heating appliance, and can reinforce a weak chimney, but they are irreversible.
668:
because of its bulky design. It is found mostly in marine use but has been regaining popularity due to its energy-saving functionality. The H-cap stabilizes the draft rather than increasing it. Other downdraft caps are based on the
675:
A chimney damper is a metal plate that can be positioned to close off the chimney when not in use and prevent outside air from entering the interior space, and can be opened to permit hot gases to exhaust when a fire is burning. A
1189:
360:
3220:
512:
spaced at 10 metre intervals. The reinforced concrete can be cast by conventional formwork or sliding formwork. The height is to ensure the pollutants are dispersed over a wider area to meet legal or other safety requirements.
651:
is placed on top of the chimney to prevent birds and other animals from nesting in the chimney. They often feature a rain guard to prevent rain or snow from going down the chimney. A metal wire mesh is often used as a
880:
1201:
508:'s synthetic fuel plant in Secunda, South Africa consists of a 26 m (85 ft) diameter windshield with four 4.6 metre diameter concrete flues which are lined with refractory bricks built on rings of
3167:
2762:
1661:
1454:
1012:
1607:
3605:
1261:
738:
The stack effect in chimneys: the gauges represent absolute air pressure and the airflow is indicated with light grey arrows. The gauge dials move clockwise with increasing pressure.
561:
Metal liners may be stainless steel, aluminum, or galvanized iron and may be flexible or rigid pipes. Stainless steel is made in several types and thicknesses. Type 304 is used with
3208:
2316:
2254:
607:
3575:
497:
bricks are often used as a lining, particularly if the type of fuel being burned generates flue gases containing acids. Modern industrial chimneys sometimes consist of a concrete
459:
Most modern high-efficiency heating appliances do not require a chimney. Such appliances are generally installed near an external wall, and a noncombustible wall thimble allows a
395:
Another step in the development of chimneys was the use of built-in ovens which allowed the household to bake at home. Industrial chimneys became common in the late 18th century.
1990:
1924:
2568:
2506:
2444:
440:
systems have made chimney placement less critical, and the use of non-structural gas vent pipe allows a flue gas conduit to be installed around obstructions and through walls.
3854:
3782:
3263:. At power stations that are not equipped for removing sulfur dioxide, such usage of cooling towers could result in serious corrosion problems which are not easy to prevent.
3089:
3023:
2188:
2122:
2056:
2957:
2891:
2825:
2696:
2630:
1518:
1858:
1792:
1726:
789:
Designing chimneys and stacks to provide the correct amount of natural draft involves a number of design factors, many of which require iterative trial-and-error methods.
3179:
2378:
996:
660:
A chimney cowl or wind directional cap is a helmet-shaped chimney cap that rotates to align with the wind and prevent a downdraft of smoke and wind down the chimney.
3128:
3062:
3722:
1391:
799:
1583:
1183:
Radio City Tower in
Liverpool. Although it looks like a television tower made of concrete, it was originally designed as ventilation shaft of a nearby mall
244:
from human living areas. Chimneys are typically vertical, or as near as possible to vertical, to ensure that the gases flow smoothly, drawing air into the
1327:
341:
4030:
3894:
1031:
411:
deposits formed on the inside of these long chimneys, and periodically workers would be sent along the chimneys to scrape off these valuable deposits.
684:
is a metal spring door placed at the top of the chimney with a long metal chain that allows one to open and close the damper from the fireplace. A
4008:
3864:
5430:
5375:
5270:
595:
5410:
5275:
5180:
3993:
3657:
3304:
3612:
1621:
At several thermal power stations at least one smokestack is used as electricity pylon. The following possibly incomplete list shows them.
792:
As a "first guess" approximation, the following equation can be used to estimate the natural draught/draft flow rate by assuming that the
796:(i.e., molecular weight) of the flue gas and the external air are equal and that the frictional pressure and heat losses are negligible:
5420:
326:
1023:
3344:
3226:
Chimney of
Brunswick Central Cogeneration Plant with antennas for TV transmission in the box on the right just below its pinnacle
982:
Gas fired appliances must have a draft hood to cool combustion products entering the chimney and prevent updrafts or downdrafts.
541:
A flue liner is a secondary barrier in a chimney that protects the masonry from the acidic products of combustion, helps prevent
527:
640:
A chimney pot is placed on top of the chimney to expand the length of the chimney inexpensively, and to improve the chimney's
1139:" brick, in which moisture seeps into the brick and then freezes, cracking and flaking the brick and loosening mortar seals.
1207:
Bernard
Brewery Chimney in Humpolec, to which in 2020/2021 an observation deck accessible over a spiral staircase was added
577:
Concrete flue liners are like clay liners but are made of a refractory cement and are more durable than the clay liners.
765:
The combustion flue gases inside the chimneys or stacks are much hotter than the ambient outside air and therefore less
4066:
3874:
3564:
786:
to condense near the top of the chimney. The creosote can restrict the exit of flue gases and may pose a fire hazard.
125:
3379:
144:
644:. A chimney with more than one pot on it indicates that multiple fireplaces on different floors share the chimney.
97:
1248:
3256:
744:
5155:
3737:
3367:
4104:
3642:
104:
82:
470:
is used to seal up the joints. The down-slope piece is called an apron, the sides receive step flashing and a
427:
4071:
3833:
3757:
3590:
672:, solving downdraft problems by increasing the updraft constantly resulting in much higher fuel consumption.
549:
Clay tile flue liners are very common in the United States, although it is the only liner that does not meet
5015:
3914:
3687:
3647:
3444:
Troubleshooting guide to residential construction: the diagnosis and prevention of common building problems
3772:
4845:
3904:
3598:
162:
111:
390:, which dates from 1185 AD, but they did not become common in houses until the 16th and 17th centuries.
5355:
3807:
3732:
3727:
1215:
Several chimneys with observation decks were built. The following possibly incomplete list shows them.
467:
213:
17:
308:
The height of a chimney influences its ability to transfer flue gases to the external environment via
4688:
4061:
4035:
550:
4014:
3787:
3586:
National
Association of Chimney Engineers; UK trade association for the chimney engineering industry
2029:
1963:
769:
than the ambient air. That causes the bottom of the vertical column of hot flue gas to have a lower
93:
5027:
4953:
4825:
4467:
4051:
4045:
3966:
3822:
3767:
3682:
3677:
3299:
78:
31:
3570:
4411:
4056:
3987:
3961:
3924:
3884:
3844:
3817:
3812:
3697:
3692:
3667:
2227:
2161:
2095:
1195:
Chimney of Beitou Refuse
Incinerator housing a revolving restaurant and a public observation deck
1120:
233:
71:
3481:
5032:
4003:
3951:
3940:
3899:
3869:
3777:
3742:
3150:
2735:
2669:
1700:
1157:
issues with fireplace or heating appliance may cause unwanted degradation or hazards to chimney
4040:
3998:
279:
by industrial society, including the electric industry during its earliest history. The term
189:
4968:
4772:
4747:
4313:
4207:
3828:
3802:
3797:
3662:
3637:
3504:
3260:
1124:
1093:
704:
arose to allow maintenance access to the chimney top, especially for tall structures such as
367:
352:
184:
5037:
4813:
4543:
4396:
4024:
4019:
3971:
3934:
3929:
3919:
3889:
3839:
3792:
3717:
3672:
3278:
3173:
A chimney with water tank in
Lengerich, Germany. Most chimneys with water tank look similar
1897:
1831:
1765:
1097:
1068:. Deposits of this substance can interfere with the airflow and more importantly, they are
292:
8:
5172:
5148:
5010:
4818:
3702:
3537:
3525:
3405:
2417:
775:
271:
45:
546:
services. Flue liners may be clay or concrete tile, metal, or poured in place concrete.
179:
4943:
4798:
4656:
4457:
4097:
3976:
3849:
3652:
3456:
1613:
Powerline conductors fixed on crossbars attached to a chimney of Scholven Power Station
1111:
Masonry (brick) chimneys have also proven to be particularly prone to crumbling during
1019:
490:
477:
383:
262:, fossil fuel combustion facilities or part of buildings, steam locomotives and ships.
626:
474:
is used to divert water around the upper side of the chimney underneath the flashing.
5496:
5440:
5305:
5290:
4835:
4742:
4548:
3944:
3752:
3375:
974:=19.6 inch is the minimum flow area from a furnace of a central heating system.
555:
471:
118:
5320:
5245:
5088:
4860:
4575:
4328:
3909:
3879:
3707:
1314:
1108:
design was developed, partly to provide access to chimneys without use of ladders.
908:
4830:
4571:
4538:
4524:
4438:
4338:
4219:
3762:
3329:
751:
437:
1049:
5285:
5205:
5141:
5122:
4980:
4840:
4661:
4529:
4477:
4443:
4431:
4426:
4297:
4292:
3747:
3430:
Roofing, flashing & waterproofing. Newtown, CT: Taunton Press, 2005. 43-50.
3289:
3283:
3248:
3244:
895:= cross-sectional area of chimney, m (assuming it has a constant cross-section)
793:
721:
697:
669:
653:
648:
641:
614:
481:
443:
4082:
3620:
5490:
5385:
5265:
4850:
4767:
4707:
4619:
4590:
4262:
4224:
4178:
4090:
3981:
3712:
3505:"Water Heater Backdrafting, Part 1 of 2: Why it Matters and What to Look For"
3309:
3294:
3252:
3105:
3091:
3039:
3025:
2973:
2959:
2907:
2893:
2841:
2827:
2778:
2764:
2712:
2698:
2646:
2632:
2584:
2570:
2522:
2508:
2460:
2446:
2394:
2380:
2332:
2318:
2270:
2256:
2204:
2190:
2138:
2124:
2072:
2058:
2006:
1992:
1940:
1926:
1874:
1860:
1808:
1794:
1742:
1728:
1677:
1663:
1534:
1520:
1470:
1456:
1407:
1393:
1343:
1329:
1277:
1263:
1146:
1116:
1105:
1081:
701:
296:
266:
49:
38:
3214:
Antennas for FM-broadcasting on the chimney of Stuttgart-Münster power plant
366:
A seagull sits on top of a hot gas cooling chimney at The World of Glass in
5470:
5260:
5215:
5000:
4870:
4757:
4752:
4722:
4702:
4595:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4534:
4486:
4481:
4376:
4236:
2996:
2930:
2864:
1089:
1073:
779:
379:
309:
276:
249:
237:
3243:
At some power stations, which are equipped with plants for the removal of
1145:
nesting or infestation by unwanted animals such as squirrels, racoons, or
1041:
5460:
5445:
5415:
5370:
5340:
5295:
5280:
5235:
5195:
5185:
5093:
5078:
4890:
4727:
4643:
4634:
4614:
4585:
4519:
4190:
4183:
4168:
4153:
4148:
4138:
4125:
3956:
3581:
European Chimney Association ECA; to find further information on chimneys
1112:
1101:
1085:
1069:
709:
693:
570:
566:
505:
403:) with a variety of designs are sometimes placed on the top of chimneys.
333:
217:
200:
3153:
in Gelsenkirchen, which carries one circuit of an outgoing 220 kV-line.
1115:. Government housing authorities in cities prone to earthquakes such as
451:
5475:
5435:
5405:
5365:
5255:
5230:
5210:
5190:
5103:
5073:
5005:
4895:
4808:
4777:
4762:
4712:
4681:
4348:
4333:
4163:
4143:
4133:
3859:
1589:
Kashira Power Plant with one chimney serving also as high voltage pylon
1037:
1003:
967:=7.1 inch is the minimum required flow area from water heater tank and
875:{\displaystyle Q=C\,A\,{\sqrt {2\,g\,H\,{\frac {T_{i}-T_{e}}{T_{e}}}}}}
498:
494:
245:
174:
44:"Smoke stack" redirects here. For the 1963 avant-garde jazz album, see
5330:
5225:
4910:
4855:
4793:
4697:
4599:
4509:
4452:
4391:
4364:
4323:
4195:
3621:
1045:
387:
241:
1142:
shifting foundations, which may degrade integrity of chimney masonry
165:
60:
5450:
5250:
5200:
5068:
5063:
5022:
4985:
4975:
4885:
4692:
4671:
4648:
4624:
4609:
4499:
4355:
4343:
4257:
4212:
3273:
1601:
Irklinskaya Power Station with chimneys used as high voltage pylons
1061:
783:
770:
562:
542:
486:
259:
3185:
Chimney with water tower at Luitpold hospital in Würzburg, Germany
5240:
4924:
4914:
4900:
4732:
4717:
4676:
4666:
4504:
4462:
4386:
4318:
4287:
4269:
4241:
4173:
1060:
A characteristic problem of chimneys is they develop deposits of
766:
216:
structure made of masonry, clay or metal that isolates hot toxic
3255:
as a chimney. Such cooling towers can be seen in Germany at the
5455:
5400:
5395:
5345:
5047:
4919:
4604:
4580:
4553:
4514:
4448:
4406:
4369:
4359:
4282:
4275:
4231:
4158:
2801:
Chimney 1 of Cogenaration Plant 1 of Kotlas Pulp and Paper Mill
2790:
Chimney 1 of Cogenaration Plant 1 of Kotlas Pulp and Paper Mill
927:
901:= discharge coefficient (usually taken to be from 0.65 to 0.70)
705:
618:
509:
348:
225:
3580:
3238:
1502:
observation platform on chimney of the roof of a youth centre
5465:
5380:
5360:
5350:
5325:
4990:
4958:
4948:
4928:
4803:
4737:
4494:
4421:
4416:
4200:
4117:
1136:
504:
The 300 m (980 ft) high steam plant chimney at the
229:
221:
406:
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the methods used to extract
5425:
5390:
5220:
5164:
5098:
5083:
5042:
4995:
4963:
4938:
4933:
4880:
4401:
4381:
4113:
3585:
1065:
460:
407:
254:
399:
liners. To control downdrafts, venting caps (often called
5133:
3559:
1309:
revolving restaurant in a height of 120 metres (394 ft)
762:
flue-gas stacks (sometimes referred to as smokestacks).
3555:
CICIND - International Committee on Industrial Chimneys
1689:
Scholven Power Station, Chimney for Units B, C, D and E
1064:
on the walls of the structure when used with wood as a
3554:
3393:
The English house: how to judge its periods and styles
1154:
drafting issues, which may allow smoke inside building
3482:"Guide to Draft Hoods on Gas Fired Heating Equipment"
1572:
802:
466:
On a pitched roof where a chimney penetrates a roof,
3446:. Richmond, VT: Builderburg Group, 1997. 197. Print.
85:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1166:
874:
5488:
1375:chimney for the heating system of a nearby mall
4112:
3567:, at which chimneys serve as electricity pylons
3502:
3286:- Includes image of referenced H-style cap/cowl
3197:
3156:
1161:
601:Rows of chimney pots in an English town in 2013
584:
275:refers to the environmental impacts of burning
3305:Silos & Smokestacks National Heritage Area
5149:
4098:
3606:
774:flue gas is called "natural draught/draft",
613:Spanish Conquistador style wind directional
493:in the construction of industrial chimneys.
258:. Chimneys are adjacent to large industrial
3239:Cooling tower used as an industrial chimney
1289:Chimney of Beitou Refuse Incineration Plant
985:
715:
463:to run directly through the external wall.
252:. The space inside a chimney is called the
5156:
5142:
4105:
4091:
3613:
3599:
1566:perhaps never in use as observation tower
926:= average temperature inside the chimney,
516:
3462:. A.O. Smith Water Products Company. 2009
2355:Vyborgskaya Cogenaration Plant, Chimney 1
2344:Vyborgskaya Cogenaration Plant, Chimney 1
2293:Archangelsk Cogeneration Plant, Chimney 1
2282:Archangelsk Cogeneration Plant, Chimney 1
1024:Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus
1002:Chimneys on the Parliamentary Library in
830:
826:
822:
816:
812:
145:Learn how and when to remove this message
617:found on homes along the windy coast of
533:A chimney with two clay-tile flue liners
489:has almost entirely replaced brick as a
450:
442:
426:
199:
3438:
3436:
1088:. This work used to be done largely by
1076:if the deposits ignite in the chimney.
14:
5489:
3503:Reuben Saltzman (September 24, 2013).
889:= chimney draught/draft flow rate, m/s
501:with a number of flues on the inside.
5137:
4086:
3594:
3395:. London: Eveleigh Nash, 1908. 85-86.
3571:Article about chimney breast removal
3433:
2607:Irklinskaya Power Station, Chimney 3
2596:Irklinskaya Power Station, Chimney 3
2545:Irklinskaya Power Station, Chimney 2
2534:Irklinskaya Power Station, Chimney 2
2483:Irklinskaya Power Station, Chimney 1
2472:Irklinskaya Power Station, Chimney 1
378:Industrial chimney use dates to the
83:adding citations to reliable sources
54:
3560:Chimney Safety Institute of America
3526:Chimney Problems and Warnings Signs
3457:"Field Installation of Draft Hoods"
3374:(Little, Brown and Co.) 1978/1995,
24:
4067:Zaporizhzhia thermal power station
3875:Pirdop copper smelter and refinery
3332:The Southern Sierras of California
3117:Trypillia Power Station, Chimney 2
3051:Trypillia Power Station, Chimney 1
2216:Cuciurgan power station, Chimney 3
2150:Cuciurgan power station, Chimney 2
2084:Cuciurgan power station, Chimney 1
1573:Chimneys used as electricity pylon
1546:Chimney of Zenner Heating Building
1507:Chimney of Zenner Heating Building
1438:observation deck added in 2020/21
1131:Other potential problems include:
942:Combining two flows into chimney:
27:Ventilation for hot gases or smoke
25:
5508:
3548:
2985:Burshtyn Power Station, Chimney 3
2919:Burshtyn Power Station, Chimney 2
2853:Burshtyn Power Station, Chimney 1
2724:Konakovo Power Station, Chimney 2
2658:Konakovo Power Station, Chimney 1
2018:Elektrėnai Power Plant, Chimney 2
1952:Elektrėnai Power Plant, Chimney 1
1703:, Chimney for Units B, C, D and E
291:) is also used when referring to
5304:
5117:
5116:
3219:
3207:
3178:
3166:
1606:
1594:
1582:
1249:Beitou Refuse Incineration Plant
1200:
1188:
1176:
1030:
1011:
995:
743:
731:
625:
606:
594:
526:
359:
340:
325:
59:
48:. For smokestacks on ships, see
3738:Harrison Power Station Scrubber
3576:Chimney Maintenance Information
3565:Power Station Konakovskaya GRES
3530:
3519:
3496:
3347:Around the World in Eighty Days
1886:Lukoml Power Station, Chimney 3
1820:Lukoml Power Station, Chimney 2
1754:Lukoml Power Station, Chimney 1
1167:Chimneys with observation decks
414:
70:needs additional citations for
3643:Azerbaijan Thermal Power Plant
3474:
3449:
3424:
3398:
3385:
3361:
3337:
3323:
2406:Kashira Power Plant, Chimney 1
1482:Dům Dětí a Mládeže v Modřanech
1443:Dům Dětí a Mládeže v Modřanech
938:= external air temperature, K.
657:to drain out collected water.
13:
1:
3834:Marl-Chemiepark Power Station
3758:Homer City Generating Station
3316:
3257:Großkrotzenburg Power Station
1018:A non-operational chimney at
977:
3915:Robert W Scherer Power Plant
3855:Novo-Angrenskaya Power Plant
3783:Thermal power station Kakanj
3688:Conemaugh Generating Station
3251:, it is possible to use the
3198:Chimneys used as radio tower
3157:Chimneys used as water tower
1162:Chimneys of special interest
585:Chimney pots, caps, and tops
480:are commonly referred to as
7:
3266:
3149:herefore is one chimney of
1239:Height of observation deck
1104:in some parts of Europe, a
558:is used between each tile.
190:GPX (secondary coordinates)
10:
5513:
3808:Kostromskaya Power Station
3733:Harllee Branch Power Plant
3728:Hal B. Wansley Power Plant
3538:"Chimney Airflow Problems"
909:gravitational acceleration
719:
315:
43:
36:
29:
5313:
5302:
5171:
5163:
5112:
5056:
4869:
4786:
4633:
4476:
4306:
4250:
4124:
4062:Widows Creek Fossil Plant
3950:Chimney for Units F-H of
3939:Chimney for Units B-E of
3773:Jänschwalde Power Station
3633:
3484:. InspectApedia.com. 2017
1022:preserved as part of the
551:Underwriters Laboratories
447:Chimmney in North London!
431:Chimmney in NED Univerity
351:, seen from the tower of
214:architectural ventilation
185:GPX (primary coordinates)
160:Map all coordinates using
4826:Multi-family residential
4052:W. H. Sammis Power Plant
4046:Westerholt Power Station
3967:STEAG Power Plant Walsum
3823:Lippendorf Power Station
3768:Independence Power Plant
3683:Clifty Creek Power Plant
3678:Chvaletice Power Station
3300:List of tallest chimneys
1278:25.108043°N 121.499384°E
1072:and can cause dangerous
986:Maintenance and problems
778:, "chimney effect", or "
750:An abandoned chimney in
716:Chimney draught or draft
250:stack, or chimney effect
248:in what is known as the
168:Download coordinates as:
37:Not to be confused with
32:Chimney (disambiguation)
4057:White Bluff Power Plant
3988:Thierbach Power Station
3962:STEAG Power Plant Herne
3925:Romag-Termo Power Plant
3885:Pleasants Power Station
3845:Mountaineer Power Plant
3818:Kyger Creek Power Plant
3813:Kozienice Power Station
3698:Cumberland Fossil Plant
3693:Cuciurgan power station
3668:Buschhaus Power Station
3648:Bełchatów Power Station
3628:(+300 meters in height)
3412:. Newsquest Media Group
3129:Trypillia Power Station
3106:50.133239°N 30.745553°E
3063:Trypillia Power Station
3040:50.133591°N 30.747659°E
2974:49.209334°N 24.664918°E
2908:49.208595°N 24.665921°E
2842:49.207578°N 24.667450°E
2779:61.302456°N 47.120396°E
2713:56.740627°N 36.772308°E
2647:56.739703°N 36.772833°E
2585:51.753483°N 58.806183°E
2523:51.753453°N 58.803983°E
2461:51.753324°N 58.802583°E
2395:54.856639°N 38.256428°E
2333:59.970595°N 30.376425°E
2271:64.574788°N 40.573261°E
2228:Cuciurgan power station
2205:46.630199°N 29.939622°E
2162:Cuciurgan power station
2139:46.628880°N 29.939622°E
2096:Cuciurgan power station
2073:46.627864°N 29.939691°E
2007:54.770110°N 24.646765°E
1941:54.771463°N 24.647291°E
1875:54.681290°N 29.134428°E
1809:54.679941°N 29.135259°E
1743:54.679048°N 29.135925°E
1535:52.488097°N 13.477282°E
1471:50.012154°N 14.413657°E
1419:Bernard Brewery Chimney
1408:49.539786°N 15.360043°E
1380:Bernard Brewery Chimney
517:Residential flue liners
4015:Tušimice Power Station
4004:Trbovlje Power Station
3952:Scholven Power Station
3941:Scholven Power Station
3905:Prunéřov Power Station
3900:Provence Power Station
3870:Phoenix Copper Smelter
3788:Kemerköy power station
3778:Jaworzno Power Station
3743:Harrison Power Station
3391:Sparrow, Walter Shaw.
3330:C.F. Saunders (1923),
2997:Burshtyn Power Station
2931:Burshtyn Power Station
2865:Burshtyn Power Station
2736:Konakovo Power Station
2670:Konakovo Power Station
2030:Elektrėnai Power Plant
1964:Elektrėnai Power Plant
1701:Scholven Power Station
1678:51.600623°N 7.004573°E
1344:53.406332°N 2.982002°W
917:= height of chimney, m
876:
456:
448:
432:
205:
5321:Air conditioning unit
3803:Kirishi Power Station
3798:Kingston Fossil Plant
3723:Gusinoozyorskaya GRES
3663:Boxberg Power Station
3638:Armstrong Power Plant
3442:Bliss, Stephen, ed..
3345:"Jules Verne (1872),
3261:Rostock Power Station
1642:Year of construction
1283:25.108043; 121.499384
877:
776:"natural ventilation"
569:, and non-condensing
454:
446:
430:
370:in the United Kingdom
353:Westminster Cathedral
203:
180:GPX (all coordinates)
4025:Vojany Power Station
4020:Ugljevik Power Plant
4011:(under construction)
3972:Syrdarya Power Plant
3935:Rybnik Power Station
3930:Ryazan Power Station
3920:Rockport Power Plant
3890:Plomin Power Station
3840:Mitchell Power Plant
3825:(chimney dismantled)
3793:Kennecott Smokestack
3718:GRES-2 Power Station
3673:Cardinal Power Plant
3279:Chimney (locomotive)
3151:Scholven Power Plant
3111:50.133239; 30.745553
3045:50.133591; 30.747659
2979:49.209334; 24.664918
2913:49.208595; 24.665921
2847:49.207578; 24.667450
2784:61.302456; 47.120396
2718:56.740627; 36.772308
2652:56.739703; 36.772833
2590:51.753483; 58.806183
2528:51.753453; 58.803983
2466:51.753324; 58.802583
2400:54.856639; 38.256428
2338:59.970595; 30.376425
2276:64.574788; 40.573261
2210:46.630199; 29.939622
2144:46.628880; 29.939622
2078:46.627864; 29.939691
2012:54.770110; 24.646765
1946:54.771463; 24.647291
1898:Lukoml Power Station
1880:54.681290; 29.134428
1832:Lukoml Power Station
1814:54.679941; 29.135259
1766:Lukoml Power Station
1748:54.679048; 29.135925
1540:52.488097; 13.477282
1476:50.012154; 14.413657
1413:49.539786; 15.360043
1349:53.406332; -2.982002
1098:Victorian literature
800:
332:A smoke hood in the
79:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
4272: / Guest room
4041:Kawęczyn Heat Plant
3999:Trepça Lead Smelter
3703:Duvha Power Station
3101: /
3035: /
2969: /
2903: /
2837: /
2774: /
2708: /
2642: /
2580: /
2518: /
2456: /
2418:Kashira Power Plant
2390: /
2328: /
2266: /
2200: /
2134: /
2068: /
2002: /
1936: /
1870: /
1804: /
1738: /
1683:51.600623; 7.004573
1673: /
1530: /
1466: /
1403: /
1339: /
1273: /
1233:Year of completion
1020:Chernobyl reactor#4
478:Industrial chimneys
293:locomotive chimneys
272:smokestack industry
46:Smoke Stack (album)
4748:Servants' quarters
3984:(ceased operation)
3977:Teruel Power Plant
3850:Novaky Power Plant
872:
491:structural element
457:
449:
433:
384:Conisbrough Castle
305:can also be used.
206:
5484:
5483:
5131:
5130:
4549:Janitorial closet
4283:Bedsit / Miniflat
4080:
4079:
3945:electricity pylon
3753:HKW Chemnitz-Nord
3653:Berezovskaya GRES
3410:The Northern Echo
3146:
3145:
1570:
1569:
870:
868:
556:refractory cement
155:
154:
147:
129:
16:(Redirected from
5504:
5308:
5246:Half-hipped roof
5158:
5151:
5144:
5135:
5134:
5120:
5119:
5089:Home improvement
4861:Studio apartment
4653:Kitchen-related
4329:Conversation pit
4116:and spaces of a
4107:
4100:
4093:
4084:
4083:
4031:Volzhskaya TEC-2
4027:(height reduced)
3910:Reftinskaya GRES
3895:Primorskaya GRES
3880:Plant Bowen Coal
3708:Ekibastuz GRES-1
3624:self-supporting
3615:
3608:
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3507:. Structure Tech
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2311:Saint Petersburg
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1372:124.7 m (409 ft)
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1355:Radio City Tower
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1040:chimneys on the
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911:, 9.807 m/s
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347:Chimney pots in
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5123:Category: Rooms
5108:
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4831:Secondary suite
4782:
4657:butler's pantry
4629:
4572:Mechanical room
4525:Electrical room
4484:
4472:
4302:
4246:
4220:Recreation room
4120:
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4036:Vuhlehirska TES
3829:Maritsa Iztok-3
3763:Inco Superstack
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2265:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1602:
1599:
1590:
1587:
1575:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1432:40.7 m (134 ft)
1418:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1196:
1193:
1184:
1181:
1169:
1164:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1035:
1026:
1016:
1007:
1000:
988:
980:
973:
966:
955:
948:
936:
924:
862:
858:
851:
847:
838:
834:
833:
831:
817:
801:
798:
797:
759:
758:
757:
754:
752:Freda, Michigan
748:
739:
736:
724:
718:
638:
637:
636:
633:
632:An H-style cowl
630:
621:
611:
602:
599:
587:
539:
538:
537:
534:
531:
519:
482:flue-gas stacks
438:central heating
425:
424:
423:
417:
376:
375:
374:
371:
364:
355:
345:
336:
330:
318:
299:, and the term
285:(colloquially,
198:
197:
196:
195:
194:
151:
140:
134:
131:
88:
86:
76:
64:
53:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5510:
5500:
5499:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5310:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5206:Butterfly roof
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5169:
5168:
5161:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5138:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4922:
4917:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4877:
4875:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4801:
4796:
4790:
4788:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4743:Servants' hall
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4651:
4646:
4640:
4638:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4569:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4532:
4530:Equipment room
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4446:
4444:Secret passage
4441:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4362:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4310:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4279:
4278:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4193:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4130:
4128:
4122:
4121:
4110:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4009:Troitskaya TEC
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3943:(also used as
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3865:Permskaya GRES
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3831:
3826:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3748:Hayden Smelter
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3618:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3562:
3557:
3550:
3549:External links
3547:
3544:
3543:
3540:. 8 June 2022.
3529:
3518:
3495:
3473:
3448:
3432:
3423:
3397:
3384:
3360:
3336:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3290:Flue-gas stack
3287:
3284:Cowl (chimney)
3281:
3276:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3245:sulfur dioxide
3240:
3237:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3126:
3085:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3060:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2994:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2928:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2862:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2733:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2667:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2225:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2159:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2093:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2027:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1961:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1829:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1763:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1369:148 m (486 ft)
1367:
1364:
1323:
1320:
1319:United Kingdom
1317:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:116 m (381 ft)
1304:
1303:150 m (492 ft)
1301:
1298:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1147:chimney swifts
1143:
1140:
1096:, features in
1082:chimney sweeps
1055:
1054:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1017:
1010:
1008:
1001:
994:
991:
990:
989:
987:
984:
979:
976:
971:
964:
953:
946:
940:
939:
934:
930:
922:
918:
912:
902:
896:
890:
865:
861:
854:
850:
846:
841:
837:
829:
825:
821:
815:
811:
808:
805:
794:molecular mass
756:
755:
749:
742:
740:
737:
730:
727:
726:
725:
722:Flue-gas stack
720:Main article:
717:
714:
702:stepped gables
700:the design of
698:Western Europe
670:Venturi effect
654:spark arrestor
635:
634:
631:
624:
622:
612:
605:
603:
600:
593:
590:
589:
588:
586:
583:
536:
535:
532:
525:
522:
521:
520:
518:
515:
422:
420:
419:
418:
416:
413:
373:
372:
365:
358:
356:
346:
339:
337:
331:
324:
321:
320:
319:
317:
314:
224:produced by a
193:
192:
187:
182:
177:
171:
158:
157:
156:
153:
152:
67:
65:
58:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5509:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5431:Roof sheeting
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5386:Lightning rod
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5314:Roof elements
5312:
5307:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5286:Sawtooth roof
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5266:Pavilion roof
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5159:
5154:
5152:
5147:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5124:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5055:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4871:Architectural
4868:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4851:Semi-detached
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4768:Swimming pool
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4708:Great chamber
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4632:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4620:Wiring closet
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4591:Semi-basement
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
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4380:
4378:
4375:
4371:
4368:
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4350:
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4274:
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4268:
4264:
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4260:
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4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:Private rooms
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4226:
4225:billiard room
4223:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4179:dirty kitchen
4177:
4176:
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4119:
4115:
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4073:
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4034:
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4026:
4023:
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4018:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3982:Kharkiv TEC-5
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3949:
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3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3713:Endesa Termic
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
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3499:
3483:
3477:
3458:
3452:
3445:
3439:
3437:
3427:
3411:
3407:
3406:"Lead Mining"
3401:
3394:
3388:
3381:
3380:0-316-11672-6
3377:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3350:
3348:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3326:
3322:
3311:
3310:Solar chimney
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3295:Funnel (ship)
3293:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3253:cooling tower
3250:
3246:
3236:
3222:
3217:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3195:
3181:
3176:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3154:
3152:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
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3123:
3086:
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3017:
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2796:
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2185:
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2178:
2175:
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2160:
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2119:
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2109:
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2100:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2053:
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2042:
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2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2024:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1855:
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1836:
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1789:
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1723:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1658:
1656:Gelsenkirchen
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1609:
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1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:33 m (108 ft)
1434:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1236:Total height
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1156:
1153:
1151:chimney leaks
1150:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:San Francisco
1114:
1109:
1107:
1106:stepped gable
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1074:chimney fires
1071:
1067:
1063:
1051:
1048:, Spain), by
1047:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1009:
1006:, New Zealand
1005:
998:
993:
992:
983:
975:
970:
963:
959:
952:
945:
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931:
929:
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919:
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768:
763:
753:
746:
741:
734:
729:
728:
723:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
690:
687:
686:throat damper
683:
679:
673:
671:
666:
661:
658:
655:
650:
645:
643:
628:
623:
620:
616:
609:
604:
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582:
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568:
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559:
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547:
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396:
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389:
385:
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369:
362:
357:
354:
350:
343:
338:
335:
328:
323:
322:
313:
311:
306:
304:
303:
298:
297:ship chimneys
294:
290:
289:
284:
283:
278:
274:
273:
268:
267:United States
263:
261:
257:
256:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
218:exhaust gases
215:
211:
202:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
170:
169:
164:
163:OpenStreetMap
161:
149:
146:
138:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96: –
95:
91:
90:Find sources:
84:
80:
74:
73:
68:This article
66:
62:
57:
56:
51:
50:Funnel (ship)
47:
40:
39:cooling tower
33:
19:
5461:Solar panels
5376:Hanging beam
5335:
5271:Rhombic roof
5261:Mansard roof
5241:Gambrel roof
5216:Conical roof
5001:Roof lantern
4905:
4753:Smoking room
4723:Long gallery
4703:Drawing room
4689:Conservatory
4596:Storm cellar
4567:Storage room
4563:Utility room
4559:Laundry room
4535:Furnace room
4126:Shared rooms
4048:(demolished)
3990:(dismantled)
3836:(dismantled)
3625:
3532:
3521:
3509:. Retrieved
3498:
3486:. Retrieved
3476:
3464:. Retrieved
3451:
3443:
3426:
3414:. Retrieved
3409:
3400:
3392:
3387:
3371:
3363:
3352:. Retrieved
3346:
3339:
3331:
3325:
3242:
3233:
3192:
3147:
1633:Coordinates
1620:
1563:12 m (39 ft)
1560:15 m (49 ft)
1499:12 m (39 ft)
1496:15 m (49 ft)
1230:Coordinates
1214:
1130:
1110:
1090:child labour
1086:steeplejacks
1078:
1059:
1050:Antoni Gaudí
981:
968:
961:
957:
950:
943:
941:
932:
920:
914:
904:
898:
892:
886:
791:
788:
780:stack effect
764:
760:
710:manor houses
692:In the late
691:
685:
681:
677:
674:
664:
662:
659:
646:
639:
579:
576:
560:
548:
540:
503:
476:
465:
458:
434:
415:Construction
405:
401:chimney pots
400:
397:
391:
377:
310:stack effect
307:
301:
300:
287:
286:
281:
280:
277:fossil fuels
270:
264:
253:
209:
207:
167:
166:
159:
141:
132:
122:
115:
108:
101:
89:
77:Please help
72:verification
69:
5471:Weathervane
5446:Roof window
5416:Roof garden
5411:Roof batten
5341:Collar beam
5296:Tented roof
5281:Saddle roof
5276:Ridged roof
5236:Gablet roof
5196:Bochka roof
5186:Barrel roof
5181:Arched roof
5173:Roof shapes
5094:Home repair
4891:Belt course
4799:Hidden room
4728:Lumber room
4644:Antechamber
4635:Great house
4615:Wine cellar
4586:Root cellar
4539:Boiler room
4520:Crawl space
4191:Living room
4184:kitchenette
4169:Home cinema
4154:Family room
4149:Dining room
4139:Common room
4072:Zuevska TES
3994:Tobolsk TEC
3957:Secunda CTL
3658:Bishkek TEC
3372:Connections
3368:James Burke
3259:and at the
3131:, Chimney 2
3109: /
3065:, Chimney 1
3043: /
2999:, Chimney 3
2977: /
2933:, Chimney 2
2911: /
2867:, Chimney 1
2845: /
2782: /
2738:, Chimney 2
2716: /
2672:, Chimney 1
2650: /
2588: /
2526: /
2464: /
2420:, Chimney 1
2398: /
2336: /
2274: /
2249:Archangelsk
2230:, Chimney 3
2208: /
2164:, Chimney 2
2142: /
2098:, Chimney 1
2076: /
2043:dismantled
2032:, Chimney 2
2010: /
1977:dismantled
1966:, Chimney 1
1944: /
1900:, Chimney 3
1878: /
1834:, Chimney 2
1812: /
1768:, Chimney 1
1746: /
1681: /
1538: /
1474: /
1411: /
1347: /
1281: /
1268:121°29′58″E
1247:Chimney of
1121:Los Angeles
1113:earthquakes
1102:Middle Ages
1070:combustible
694:Middle Ages
665:H-style cap
567:pellet fuel
506:Secunda CTL
392:Smoke hoods
334:Netherlands
269:, the term
238:incinerator
5476:Wind brace
5441:Roof truss
5436:Roof tiles
5426:Roof ridge
5406:Ridge vent
5366:Green roof
5256:Onion dome
5231:Gable roof
5211:Clerestory
5191:Board roof
5104:Tree house
5074:Front yard
5006:Sill plate
4954:Foundation
4896:Bressummer
4809:house plan
4778:Undercroft
4763:State room
4713:Great hall
4682:still room
4349:dumbwaiter
4334:Cubby-hole
4164:Great room
4134:Bonus room
3860:Orot Rabin
3511:January 6,
3488:January 6,
3466:January 6,
3354:2006-07-30
3317:References
3115: (
3096:30°44′44″E
3093:50°08′00″N
3049: (
3030:30°44′52″E
3027:50°08′01″N
2983: (
2964:24°39′54″E
2961:49°12′34″N
2917: (
2898:24°39′57″E
2895:49°12′31″N
2851: (
2832:24°40′03″E
2829:49°12′27″N
2788: (
2769:47°07′13″E
2766:61°18′09″N
2722: (
2703:36°46′20″E
2700:56°44′26″N
2656: (
2637:36°46′22″E
2634:56°44′23″N
2594: (
2575:58°48′22″E
2572:51°45′13″N
2532: (
2513:58°48′14″E
2510:51°45′12″N
2470: (
2451:58°48′09″E
2448:51°45′12″N
2404: (
2385:38°15′23″E
2382:54°51′24″N
2342: (
2323:30°22′35″E
2320:59°58′14″N
2280: (
2261:40°34′24″E
2258:64°34′29″N
2214: (
2195:29°56′23″E
2192:46°37′49″N
2183:Dnestrovsc
2148: (
2129:29°56′23″E
2126:46°37′44″N
2117:Dnestrovsc
2082: (
2063:29°56′23″E
2060:46°37′40″N
2051:Dnestrovsc
2016: (
1997:24°38′48″E
1994:54°46′12″N
1985:Elektrenai
1950: (
1931:24°38′50″E
1928:54°46′17″N
1919:Elektrenai
1884: (
1865:29°08′04″E
1862:54°40′53″N
1853:Novolukoml
1818: (
1799:29°08′07″E
1796:54°40′48″N
1787:Novolukoml
1752: (
1733:29°08′09″E
1730:54°40′45″N
1721:Novolukoml
1687: (
1665:51°36′02″N
1544: (
1525:13°28′38″E
1522:52°29′17″N
1480: (
1461:14°24′49″E
1458:50°00′44″N
1417: (
1398:15°21′36″E
1395:49°32′23″N
1353: (
1331:53°24′23″N
1287: (
1265:25°06′29″N
1004:Wellington
978:Draft hood
708:and great
682:cap damper
678:top damper
499:windshield
495:Refractory
368:St. Helens
282:smokestack
260:refineries
246:combustion
135:March 2013
105:newspapers
18:Smokestack
5291:Shed roof
5226:Flat roof
5028:Threshold
4911:Colonnade
4856:Townhouse
4794:Furniture
4698:Courtyard
4600:Safe room
4510:Cloakroom
4478:Technical
4468:Vestibule
4453:Staircase
4392:Inglenook
4365:Fireplace
4324:Breezeway
4196:Gynaeceum
3622:Supertall
3235:exhaust.
3084:Trypillia
3018:Trypillia
2757:Koryazhma
2563:Energetik
2501:Energetik
2439:Energetik
1982:Lithuania
1916:Lithuania
1668:7°00′16″E
1334:2°58′55″W
1322:Liverpool
1125:San Diego
1100:. In the
1046:Barcelona
1042:Casa Milà
1038:Modernist
845:−
461:vent pipe
388:Yorkshire
242:fireplace
94:"Chimney"
5497:Chimneys
5491:Category
5451:Skylight
5421:Roofline
5356:Flashing
5331:Catslide
5251:Hip roof
5201:Bow roof
5069:Driveway
5064:Backyard
5023:Skylight
4986:Plumbing
4981:Ornament
4976:Lighting
4886:Baluster
4874:elements
4846:Detached
4841:Terraced
4693:Orangery
4672:scullery
4649:Ballroom
4625:Workshop
4610:Wardrobe
4598: /
4565: /
4561: /
4537: /
4500:Basement
4432:sleeping
4427:screened
4412:Overhang
4356:Entryway
4344:Elevator
4258:Bathroom
4213:man cave
3626:chimneys
3416:10 April
3382:, p. 159
3274:Chimenea
3267:See also
2952:Burshtyn
2886:Burshtyn
2820:Burshtyn
2691:Konakovo
2625:Konakovo
1648:Remarks
1645:Voltage
1627:Country
1386:Humpolec
1242:Remarks
1224:Country
1137:spalling
1062:creosote
960:, where
784:creosote
771:pressure
563:firewood
543:flue gas
487:concrete
468:flashing
204:Chimmney
5336:Chimney
5057:Related
5033:Transom
4925:Cornice
4915:Portico
4906:Chimney
4901:Ceiling
4733:Parlour
4718:Library
4677:spicery
4667:saucery
4662:buttery
4505:Carport
4487:storage
4482:utility
4463:Veranda
4458:Terrace
4387:Hallway
4319:Balcony
4298:Nursery
4293:Cabinet
4288:Boudoir
4270:Bedroom
4242:Sunroom
4174:Kitchen
3081:Ukraine
3015:Ukraine
2949:Ukraine
2883:Ukraine
2817:Ukraine
2373:Kashira
2180:Moldova
2114:Moldova
2048:Moldova
1850:Belarus
1784:Belarus
1718:Belarus
1653:Germany
1639:Height
1510:Germany
1094:as such
882:where:
706:castles
565:, wood
510:corbels
472:cricket
316:History
265:In the
234:furnace
210:chimney
119:scholar
5456:Soffit
5401:Rafter
5396:Purlin
5371:Gutter
5346:Dormer
5121:
5079:Garden
5048:Window
4991:Quoins
4969:Portal
4920:Column
4836:Duplex
4814:styles
4773:Turret
4605:Studio
4581:Pantry
4554:Larder
4544:Garage
4515:Closet
4449:Stairs
4407:Loggia
4370:hearth
4360:Genkan
4314:Atrium
4307:Spaces
4276:closet
4263:toilet
4232:Shrine
4208:Andron
4159:Garret
3378:
3140:330 kV
3074:330 kV
3008:330 kV
2942:330 kV
2876:330 kV
2810:220 kV
2754:Russia
2747:220 kV
2688:Russia
2681:220 kV
2622:Russia
2615:500 kV
2560:Russia
2553:220 kV
2498:Russia
2491:220 kV
2436:Russia
2429:220 kV
2370:Russia
2363:110 kV
2308:Russia
2301:220 kV
2246:Russia
2239:330 kV
2173:330 kV
2107:110 kV
2040:330 kV
1974:330 kV
1909:330 kV
1843:330 kV
1777:330 kV
1711:220 kV
1513:Berlin
1449:Prague
1256:Teipei
1253:Taiwan
1123:, and
619:Oregon
380:Romans
349:London
302:funnel
226:boiler
212:is an
121:
114:
107:
100:
92:
5466:Spire
5381:Joist
5361:Gable
5351:Eaves
5326:Attic
5165:Roofs
5038:Vault
5011:Style
4959:Gable
4949:Floor
4929:Eaves
4819:types
4804:House
4787:Other
4758:Solar
4738:Sauna
4637:areas
4576:floor
4495:Attic
4422:Porch
4417:Patio
4397:Lanai
4377:Foyer
4237:Study
4201:harem
4118:house
4114:Rooms
3460:(PDF)
3134:180 m
3068:180 m
3002:250 m
2936:250 m
2870:180 m
2804:105 m
2741:180 m
2675:180 m
2610:250 m
2548:180 m
2486:180 m
2423:250 m
2358:120 m
2296:170 m
2233:180 m
2167:180 m
2101:180 m
2035:250 m
1969:150 m
1903:250 m
1837:250 m
1771:250 m
1706:300 m
1636:Name
1630:City
1446:Czech
1383:Czech
1227:Town
1221:Name
1092:and,
767:dense
642:draft
288:stack
240:, or
230:stove
222:smoke
126:JSTOR
112:books
5391:Loft
5221:Dome
5099:Shed
5084:Home
5043:Wall
5016:list
4996:Roof
4964:Gate
4939:Door
4934:Dome
4881:Arch
4485:and
4439:Ramp
4402:Loft
4382:Hall
4339:Deck
3513:2016
3490:2016
3468:2016
3418:2012
3376:ISBN
3247:and
3137:1972
3071:1968
3005:1966
2939:1966
2873:1965
2807:1961
2744:1966
2678:1964
2426:1966
2236:1971
2170:1966
2104:1964
1906:1973
1840:1971
1774:1969
1557:1955
1493:2004
1366:1971
1300:2000
1066:fuel
956:<
649:cowl
615:cowl
455:Flue
408:lead
255:flue
98:news
4944:Ell
4144:Den
1084:or
696:in
680:or
663:An
571:oil
386:in
295:or
220:or
175:KML
81:by
5493::
4927:/
4913:/
4691:/
4574:/
4480:,
3435:^
3408:.
3370:,
1119:,
907:=
712:.
647:A
236:,
232:,
228:,
208:A
5157:e
5150:t
5143:v
4451:/
4358:/
4106:e
4099:t
4092:v
3947:)
3614:e
3607:t
3600:v
3515:.
3492:.
3470:.
3420:.
3357:.
3349:"
3119:)
3053:)
2987:)
2921:)
2855:)
2792:)
2726:)
2660:)
2598:)
2536:)
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1954:)
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1756:)
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1291:)
1135:"
1052:.
1044:(
972:f
969:A
965:t
962:A
958:A
954:f
951:A
949:+
947:t
944:A
935:e
933:T
928:K
923:i
921:T
915:H
905:g
899:C
893:A
887:Q
864:e
860:T
853:e
849:T
840:i
836:T
828:H
824:g
820:2
814:A
810:C
807:=
804:Q
148:)
142:(
137:)
133:(
123:·
116:·
109:·
102:·
75:.
52:.
41:.
34:.
20:)
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