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American
Institute for Biological Sciences. He was honored with the Dr. A.H. Heineken Prize for Environmental Sciences by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (2004), the Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences (2005) by the Inamori Foundation, and the Margalef Prize (2010) of the Government of Catalonia, the Luca Pacioli Prize from Ca’Foscari University of Venice, Italy, the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement (2014), the National Medal of Science (2014, announced 2015, awarded 2016), and most recently, the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Ecology and Conservation Biology (2022).
391:, a Member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society, and a Foreign Member of the Istituto Veneto. He is a University Fellow of Resources for the Future, a Fellow of the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, a Fellow of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, a Fellow of the Society for Mathematical Biology, a Fellow of the American Mathematical Association, and a Distinguished Fellow of the Luohan Academy.
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Since 1992, he has been at
Princeton University, where he is currently the James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and director of the Center for BioComplexity. He retains an adjunct professorship at Cornell, where he still has many valued colleagues,
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He won the MacArthur Award (1988), Distinguished
Service Citation (1998) and the Eminent Ecologist Award (2010) of the Ecological Society of America, the Okubo Award of the Society for Mathematical Biology and the Japanese Society for Theoretical Biology, and the Distinguished Scientist Award of the
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He chaired the governing council for IIASA for more than five years and was vice-chair from 2009 to 2012. He serves on the science board of the Santa Fe
Institute, which he co-chaired from 2007 to 2010. He is also vice-chair for mathematics of the Committee of Concerned Scientists. Levin is a former
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His research interests are in understanding how macroscopic patterns and processes are maintained at the level of ecosystems and the biosphere, in terms of ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that operate primarily at the level of organisms; in infectious diseases; and in the interface between
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At
Cornell University 1965–1992, he was chair of the Section of Ecology and Systematics, and then director of the Ecosystems Research Center, the Center for Environmental Research and the Program on Theoretical and Computational Biology, as well as Charles A. Alexander Professor of Biological
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president of the
Ecological Society of America and the Society for Mathematical Biology, and a past chair of the board of the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics.
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336:. He specializes in using mathematical modeling and empirical studies in the understanding of macroscopic patterns of ecosystems and biological diversities.
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Levin has mentored more than 100 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, and has published widely. He is the editor of the influential
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Distinguished
University Professor in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and the director of the Center for BioComplexity at
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In 1992, Professor Levin published his highly cited paper, titled "The
Problem of Pattern and Scale in Ecology".
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2001 – Okubo Prize from the
Society for Mathematical Biology and the Japanese Society for Mathematical Biology
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804:"Science Board member Simon Levin wins National Medal of Science for his research in ecological complexity"
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2004 – Heineken Prize for
Environmental Sciences from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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608:"Finance, Bioterror, and Climate Change: The Ecological Solutions Interview with Dr. Simon Levin"
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741:"Simon A. Levin, winner of the 2010 Ramon Margalef Prize in Ecology, in the Faculty of Biology"
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398:(2004), Michigan State University, McMaster University, and the University of Victoria.
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University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences
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He also has received honorary doctorates from Eastern Michigan University,
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2004 – Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters (L.H.D.) from Whittier College
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and is a distinguished visiting professor at Arizona State University.
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2007 – American Biological Sciences Distinguished Scientist Award.
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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Ramon Margalef Prize in Ecology and Environmental Sciences
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
385:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
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Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
824:BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards 2021
539:"Simon Levin | Ecology & Evolutionary Biology"
927:
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482:2014 – Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement.
5344:
3212:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
720:"Levin to receive distinguished scientist award"
5413:Winners of the Ramon Margalef Prize in Ecology
4654:
897:
575:Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America
494:BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards
5428:Fellows of the Ecological Society of America
5388:Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
436:1998 – Distinguished Service Award from the
5423:University of Maryland, College Park alumni
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56:about living persons that is unsourced or
224:Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
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913:United States National Medal of Science
743:. University of Barcelona. May 10, 2010
348:. He went on to receive his Ph.D. from
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866:. in-cites. July 2001. Archived from
675:"Honorary Degrees | Whittier College"
651:"Honorary Degrees | Whittier College"
601:
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352:in mathematics, which is part of the
324:(born April 22, 1941) is an American
496:in Ecology and Conservation Biology.
250:Mathematical and theoretical biology
18:
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860:"An interview with Dr. Simon Levin"
806:. Santa Fe University. May 20, 2016
13:
630:"2022 Class of Fellows of the AMS"
596:
555:
14:
5439:
5398:Kyoto laureates in Basic Sciences
832:
5358:21st-century American biologists
606:Christina Asquith (March 2014).
468:of the Generalitat of Catalonia.
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817:
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785:. Ecological Society of America
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632:. American Mathematical Society
718:Chad Boutin (April 19, 2007).
711:
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1:
5393:Winners of the Heineken Prize
5378:Baltimore City College alumni
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928:Behavioral and social science
583:Ecological Society of America
500:
477:Ecological Society of America
438:Ecological Society of America
432:Ecological Society of America
389:American Mathematical Society
344:Levin received his B.A. from
415:Encyclopedia of Biodiversity
339:
34:biography of a living person
7:
4677:Biochemistry and Biophysics
376:basic and applied ecology.
61:must be removed immediately
10:
5444:
3816:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
766:Ministry of the Presidency
411:Princeton Guide to Ecology
5418:Santa Fe Institute people
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780:"Eminent Ecologist Award"
487:National Medal of Science
428:Robert H. MacArthur Award
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214:National Medal of Science
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4240:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
3686:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
1317:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
841:publications indexed by
346:Johns Hopkins University
182:Johns Hopkins University
5353:Mathematical ecologists
3551:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1469:George Ledyard Stebbins
1390:James Augustine Shannon
473:Eminent Ecologist Award
421:Awards and distinctions
5408:Theoretical biologists
4974:BirdLife International
4955:Environmental Sciences
4008:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
3995:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
2951:Harry George Drickamer
2897:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
2571:M. Frederick Hawthorne
2445:John D. Baldeschwieler
1685:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
1367:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
848:Princeton faculty page
762:"2010. Simon A. Levin"
722:. Princeton University
365:Sciences (1985–1992).
350:University of Maryland
194:University of Maryland
48:Please help by adding
4599:Sylvester James Gates
3985:William Alfred Fowler
3967:Robert Rathbun Wilson
3780:Robert Burns Woodward
2592:Geraldine L. Richmond
2340:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
1623:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
1552:Vernon B. Mountcastle
1408:Sterling B. Hendricks
1225:Marshall W. Nirenberg
1220:Theodosius Dobzhansky
1068:William Julius Wilson
612:The Solutions Journal
4570:Warren M. Washington
4534:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
4443:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
4388:Martin Schwarzschild
4169:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
4161:J. Robert Schrieffer
4131:E. Margaret Burbidge
3975:Nicolaas Bloembergen
3952:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
3831:Vladimir K. Zworykin
3583:John Griggs Thompson
3506:Martin David Kruskal
3346:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
2819:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
2773:Ralph Brazelton Peck
2728:Jack St. Clair Kilby
2655:John Robinson Pierce
2622:Engineering sciences
2553:Jacqueline K. Barton
2408:George M. Whitesides
2327:Dudley R. Herschbach
2265:Richard B. Bernstein
2234:Walter H. Stockmayer
1782:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1713:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
1603:Stanley Norman Cohen
1590:Rita Levi-Montalcini
1426:Keith Roberts Porter
1289:Alfred H. Sturtevant
1284:Michael Heidelberger
1256:Fritz Albert Lipmann
519:slevin.princeton.edu
458:2007 – Beijer Fellow
334:Princeton University
302:Helene Muller-Landau
266:Princeton University
54:Contentious material
5363:American ecologists
4620:Shirley Ann Jackson
4539:Charles P. Slichter
4383:Marshall Rosenbluth
4375:Wallace S. Broecker
4328:Eugene M. Shoemaker
4089:Victor F. Weisskopf
4036:Herbert S. Gutowsky
4018:Edgar Bright Wilson
3859:George Kistiakowsky
3477:Stephen Cole Kleene
2988:George H. Heilmeier
2975:Mildred Dresselhaus
2866:Edward H. Heinemann
2796:Frederick E. Terman
2760:Richard T. Whitcomb
2681:Clarence L. Johnson
2642:Theodore von Kármán
2529:Stephen J. Benkovic
2508:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2495:Marvin H. Caruthers
2450:Ralph F. Hirschmann
2390:Darleane C. Hoffman
2280:Harden M. McConnell
2221:Frank H. Westheimer
2033:Stanley B. Prusiner
1997:Robert J. Lefkowitz
1756:Howard Martin Temin
1613:Maurice R. Hilleman
1608:Joseph L. Goldstein
1547:Donald A. Henderson
1464:Earl Reece Stadtman
1449:Elizabeth C. Crosby
1413:Orville Alvin Vogel
1243:Donald D. Van Slyke
1192:Biological sciences
699:"Simon Asher Levin"
585:: 19–20. March 1990
455:for Basic Sciences.
4492:G. Brent Dalrymple
4310:Arthur L. Schawlow
4217:James A. Van Allen
4108:Philip W. Anderson
4064:Richard P. Feynman
3990:Linus Carl Pauling
3625:Dennis P. Sullivan
3182:John B. Goodenough
3115:Edwin N. Lightfoot
3083:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
3064:Kenneth N. Stevens
2832:Raymond D. Mindlin
2755:Harold E. Edgerton
2600:A. Paul Alivisatos
2479:Stephen J. Lippard
2458:Ernest R. Davidson
2395:Harold S. Johnston
2229:William S. Johnson
2193:George C. Pimentel
2028:Susan L. Lindquist
2010:Francis S. Collins
1904:Victor A. McKusick
1879:Francisco J. Ayala
1861:Nancy C. Andreasen
1811:Robert A. Weinberg
1585:Har Gobind Khorana
1570:Michael E. DeBakey
1557:George Emil Palade
1529:Wendell L. Roelofs
1519:Howard L. Bachrach
1349:Barbara McClintock
1251:Edward F. Knipling
853:INAMORI FOUNDATION
330:James S. McDonnell
276:Santa Fe Institute
271:Cornell University
16:American ecologist
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5169:Cognitive Science
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4565:Esther M. Conwell
4505:Robert N. Clayton
4497:Riccardo Giacconi
4461:Raymond Davis Jr.
4349:Albert Overhauser
4292:Edwin M. McMillan
4253:Arnold O. Beckman
4230:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
4207:Paul C. Lauterbur
4184:Robert Hofstadter
4136:Maurice Goldhaber
4123:Charles H. Townes
4074:Edward M. Purcell
4041:Frederick Rossini
3895:Wolfgang Panofsky
3826:John H. Van Vleck
3742:Physical sciences
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3694:Solomon W. Golomb
3654:Andrew J. Viterbi
3649:Leonard Kleinrock
3596:Calyampudi R. Rao
3564:Ronald R. Coifman
3472:George F. Carrier
3453:Donald C. Spencer
3448:Saunders Mac Lane
3383:Marshall H. Stone
3333:Shiing-Shen Chern
3240:Solomon Lefschetz
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3139:David J. Wineland
3107:John M. Prausnitz
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2998:H. Guyford Stever
2980:Nick Holonyak Jr.
2943:George W. Housner
2938:Willis M. Hawkins
2933:Daniel C. Drucker
2915:Robert Byron Bird
2907:Bernard M. Oliver
2814:Peter C. Goldmark
2801:Wernher von Braun
2747:George E. Mueller
2720:Nathan M. Newmark
2715:J. Presper Eckert
2694:Claude E. Shannon
2663:Charles S. Draper
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2579:Judith P. Klinman
2463:Gábor A. Somorjai
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2275:Rudolph A. Marcus
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2052:Ralph L. Brinster
1971:Torsten N. Wiesel
1948:Norman E. Borlaug
1935:Solomon H. Snyder
1930:J. Michael Bishop
1889:Mario R. Capecchi
1769:Salome G. Waelsch
1700:E. Donnall Thomas
1575:Theodor O. Diener
1474:Paul Alfred Weiss
1302:Bernard B. Brodie
1238:George G. Simpson
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1127:Michael I. Posner
1028:Eleanor J. Gibson
980:George J. Stigler
948:Neal Elgar Miller
543:eeb.princeton.edu
413:and the landmark
322:Simon Asher Levin
319:
318:
285:Doctoral students
232:Scientific career
137:
136:
129:
111:
37:needs additional
5435:
5034:Sinninghe Damsté
4663:
4656:
4649:
4640:
4639:
4448:Gilbert F. White
4393:George Wetherill
4287:Allan M. Cormack
4245:Jack Steinberger
4225:D. Allan Bromley
4174:H. Richard Crane
4151:Frederick Reines
4141:Helmut Landsberg
4056:George Uhlenbeck
3957:Vladimir Haensel
3919:Allan R. Sandage
3890:Herbert C. Brown
3872:Herbert Friedman
3798:Leon M. Lederman
3770:Julian Schwinger
3749:
3748:
3738:
3737:
3707:Alexandre Chorin
3681:Richard A. Tapia
3662:David B. Mumford
3490:Alberto Calderón
3435:Joseph B. Keller
3422:Michael Freedman
3391:Herman Goldstine
3245:H. Marston Morse
3219:
3218:
3208:
3207:
3147:Rudolf E. Kálmán
3131:Robert S. Langer
3123:Jan D. Achenbach
2956:Herbert E. Grier
2707:Igor I. Sikorsky
2668:Othmar H. Ammann
2629:
2628:
2618:
2617:
2584:Jerrold Meinwald
2353:Norman Hackerman
2332:Glenn T. Seaborg
2247:William O. Baker
2175:F. Albert Cotton
2143:
2142:
2132:
2131:
2109:Mary-Claire King
2002:Bert W. O'Malley
1958:Thomas E. Starzl
1953:Phillip A. Sharp
1940:Charles Yanofsky
1922:Evelyn M. Witkin
1917:James E. Darnell
1743:Paul C. Zamecnik
1708:Mary Ellen Avery
1680:Herbert W. Boyer
1675:Baruj Benacerraf
1646:Joshua Lederberg
1636:Viktor Hamburger
1598:Michael S. Brown
1444:Robert H. Burris
1199:
1198:
1188:
1187:
1135:Mortimer Mishkin
1060:William K. Estes
1044:Roger N. Shepard
1036:Robert K. Merton
1020:George A. Miller
967:Herbert A. Simon
935:
934:
924:
923:
906:
899:
892:
883:
882:
878:
876:
875:
826:
821:
815:
814:
812:
811:
800:
794:
793:
791:
790:
784:
776:
770:
769:
758:
752:
751:
749:
748:
737:
731:
730:
728:
727:
715:
709:
708:
706:
705:
695:
689:
688:
686:
685:
679:www.whittier.edu
671:
665:
664:
662:
661:
655:www.whittier.edu
647:
641:
640:
638:
637:
626:
620:
619:
603:
594:
593:
591:
590:
572:
568:"MacArthur 1988"
564:
553:
552:
550:
549:
535:
529:
528:
526:
525:
515:"Simon A. Levin"
511:
396:Whittier College
202:
190:
162:
158:
156:
139:
138:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
76:"Simon A. Levin"
69:
50:reliable sources
27:
26:
19:
5443:
5442:
5438:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5433:
5432:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5223:
5164:
5057:
4950:
4837:
4672:
4670:Heineken Prizes
4667:
4637:
4624:
4612:Sean C. Solomon
4574:
4526:Daniel Kleppner
4518:Lonnie Thompson
4513:Ralph A. Alpher
4479:W. Jason Morgan
4466:Charles Keeling
4456:Marvin L. Cohen
4423:
4406:John N. Bahcall
4401:Don L. Anderson
4367:Peter Goldreich
4320:Steven Weinberg
4272:
4202:Walter Elsasser
4179:Herman Feshbach
4093:
4031:Samuel Goudsmit
4023:Chien-Shiung Wu
3962:Frederick Seitz
3929:John A. Wheeler
3914:Robert H. Dicke
3899:
3762:Luis W. Alvarez
3743:
3724:
3712:David Blackwell
3666:
3617:Carl R. de Boor
3588:Karen Uhlenbeck
3568:
3522:Louis Nirenberg
3457:
3430:Ralph E. Gomory
3368:
3364:Donald E. Knuth
3351:Hassler Whitney
3289:
3213:
3194:
3159:
3091:Andreas Acrivos
3068:
3056:Eli Ruckenstein
3035:Hermann A. Haus
3006:Calvin F. Quate
2993:Luna B. Leopold
2960:
2851:
2837:Robert N. Noyce
2827:Emmett N. Leith
2786:Manson Benedict
2768:Rudolf Kompfner
2732:
2686:Warren K. Lewis
2623:
2604:
2538:
2500:Peter B. Dervan
2471:John I. Brauman
2430:
2382:Norman Davidson
2309:John D. Roberts
2284:
2252:Konrad E. Bloch
2198:Richard N. Zare
2160:
2137:
2118:
2075:Sallie Chisholm
2057:Rudolf Jaenisch
2037:
2020:J. Craig Venter
1979:Rita R. Colwell
1846:
1832:David Baltimore
1723:Robert W. Kates
1695:David G. Nathan
1690:Edward B. Lewis
1660:
1656:Harland G. Wood
1651:Roger W. Sperry
1506:Glenn W. Burton
1478:
1454:Arthur Kornberg
1421:Roger Guillemin
1398:Hallowell Davis
1362:Daniel I. Arnon
1354:Albert B. Sabin
1334:
1307:Detlev W. Bronk
1279:Harry F. Harlow
1274:Kenneth S. Cole
1261:William C. Rose
1233:Francis P. Rous
1193:
1174:
1139:
1119:Gordon H. Bower
1080:
1076:Robert M. Solow
992:
988:Milton Friedman
952:
929:
918:
910:
873:
871:
858:
835:
830:
829:
822:
818:
809:
807:
802:
801:
797:
788:
786:
782:
778:
777:
773:
760:
759:
755:
746:
744:
739:
738:
734:
725:
723:
716:
712:
703:
701:
697:
696:
692:
683:
681:
673:
672:
668:
659:
657:
649:
648:
644:
635:
633:
628:
627:
623:
604:
597:
588:
586:
570:
566:
565:
556:
547:
545:
537:
536:
532:
523:
521:
513:
512:
508:
503:
423:
362:
342:
311:
280:
254:
222:
217:
205:
196:
184:
175:Alma mater
160:
154:
152:
144:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
47:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5441:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5328:
5322:
5316:
5313:Van Oldenborgh
5310:
5304:
5298:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5185:
5179:
5172:
5170:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5162:
5156:
5150:
5144:
5138:
5132:
5126:
5120:
5114:
5108:
5102:
5096:
5090:
5084:
5078:
5072:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5049:
5043:
5037:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5013:
5007:
5001:
4995:
4989:
4983:
4977:
4971:
4965:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4912:
4906:
4900:
4894:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4858:
4852:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4829:
4823:
4817:
4811:
4805:
4799:
4793:
4787:
4781:
4775:
4769:
4763:
4757:
4751:
4745:
4739:
4733:
4723:
4717:
4711:
4705:
4699:
4693:
4687:
4680:
4678:
4674:
4673:
4666:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4643:
4634:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4614:
4609:
4607:Burton Richter
4604:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4560:Yakir Aharonov
4557:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4528:
4523:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4507:
4502:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4474:Richard Garwin
4471:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4438:Willis E. Lamb
4435:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4377:
4372:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4330:
4325:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4197:Philip Abelson
4194:
4191:
4189:Chen-Ning Yang
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4163:
4158:
4156:Bruno B. Rossi
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4113:Yoichiro Nambu
4110:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3924:John C. Slater
3921:
3916:
3911:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:Jacob Bjerknes
3808:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3759:
3755:
3753:
3745:
3744:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3635:
3630:
3627:
3622:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3609:James G. Glimm
3606:
3603:
3601:Elias M. Stein
3598:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3553:
3548:
3545:
3543:Shing-Tung Yau
3540:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3524:
3519:
3516:
3511:
3508:
3503:
3500:
3495:
3492:
3487:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3411:
3409:Antoni Zygmund
3406:
3401:
3398:
3396:Isadore Singer
3393:
3388:
3385:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3359:Joseph L. Doob
3356:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3340:
3338:George Dantzig
3335:
3330:
3328:John W. Backus
3325:
3322:
3317:
3314:
3309:
3306:
3304:Richard Brauer
3301:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3285:William Feller
3282:
3279:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3263:
3258:
3255:
3250:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3234:
3232:Norbert Wiener
3229:
3225:
3223:
3215:
3214:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3190:Thomas Kailath
3187:
3184:
3179:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3149:
3144:
3141:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3125:
3120:
3117:
3112:
3109:
3104:
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3096:
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3088:
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3029:
3024:
3021:
3016:
3013:
3008:
3003:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2927:
2922:
2920:H. Bolton Seed
2917:
2912:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2873:
2871:Donald L. Katz
2868:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2842:Earl R. Parker
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2775:
2770:
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2740:
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2734:
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2725:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2696:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2676:Hugh L. Dryden
2673:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2633:
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2605:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2594:
2589:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2560:
2558:Peter J. Stang
2555:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2534:Marye Anne Fox
2531:
2526:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2510:
2505:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2489:
2487:Tobin J. Marks
2484:
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2442:
2438:
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2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2416:Stuart A. Rice
2413:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2397:
2392:
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2379:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2348:Donald J. Cram
2345:
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2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2317:Ronald Breslow
2314:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2286:
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2259:
2257:Elias J. Corey
2254:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2223:
2218:
2216:Carl S. Marvel
2213:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2188:Roald Hoffmann
2185:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2168:
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2159:
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2153:
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2127:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2104:Stanley Falkow
2101:
2098:
2096:Rakesh K. Jain
2093:
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2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1981:
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1968:
1963:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:Gene E. Likens
1896:
1891:
1886:
1884:George F. Bass
1881:
1876:
1873:
1868:
1866:Peter H. Raven
1863:
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1800:
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1790:Alexander Rich
1787:
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1774:
1771:
1766:
1764:Daniel Nathans
1761:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1745:
1740:
1738:Folke K. Skoog
1735:
1730:
1728:Salvador Luria
1725:
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1718:Elvin A. Kabat
1715:
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1687:
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1677:
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1643:
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1631:Katherine Esau
1628:
1625:
1620:
1618:Eric R. Kandel
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1592:
1587:
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1577:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1562:Joan A. Steitz
1559:
1554:
1549:
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1539:
1536:
1534:Berta Scharrer
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1501:Seymour Benzer
1498:
1495:
1493:Philip Handler
1490:
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1484:
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1471:
1466:
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1418:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1380:Erwin Chargaff
1377:
1375:Britton Chance
1372:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1325:Robert Huebner
1322:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
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1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1214:
1212:C. B. van Niel
1209:
1205:
1203:
1195:
1194:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1170:Albert Bandura
1167:
1164:
1162:Robert Axelrod
1159:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1103:R. Duncan Luce
1100:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1052:Paul Samuelson
1049:
1046:
1041:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1017:
1014:
1012:Patrick Suppes
1009:
1007:Leonid Hurwicz
1004:
1000:
998:
994:
993:
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990:
985:
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894:
886:
880:
879:
856:
850:
845:
843:Google Scholar
839:Simon A. Levin
834:
833:External links
831:
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159:April 22, 1941
150:
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143:Simon A. Levin
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58:poorly sourced
31:
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5373:Living people
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5265:Van de Pavert
5263:
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4552:James E. Gunn
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4484:Edward Witten
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4308:
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4302:Roger Revelle
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
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4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4268:Henry Stommel
4266:
4264:
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4258:Eugene Parker
4256:
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4119:
4118:Edward Teller
4116:
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4084:Lyman Spitzer
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4003:Hans A. Bethe
4001:
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3947:Maurice Ewing
3945:
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3942:Carl Djerassi
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3934:Saul Winstein
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3882:Eugene Wigner
3880:
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3867:Paul Bartlett
3865:
3862:
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3857:
3855:
3854:Louis Hammett
3852:
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3849:Gregory Breit
3847:
3845:
3844:Francis Birch
3842:
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3803:William Rubey
3801:
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3559:Felix Browder
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3535:Stephen Smale
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3482:John McCarthy
3480:
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3443:Samuel Karlin
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3253:Oscar Zariski
3251:
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3027:Ray W. Clough
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3019:Alfred Y. Cho
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2702:Edwin H. Land
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2566:Allen J. Bard
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2521:JoAnne Stubbe
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2516:Joanna Fowler
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2426:Susan Solomon
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2270:Melvin Calvin
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2211:Yuan Tseh Lee
2209:
2207:
2206:Harry B. Gray
2204:
2201:
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2196:
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2180:Gilbert Stork
2178:
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2110:
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2088:Bruce Alberts
2086:
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2083:May Berenbaum
2081:
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2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1989:Lubert Stryer
1987:
1985:
1984:Nina Fedoroff
1982:
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1966:Anthony Fauci
1964:
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1909:Harold Varmus
1907:
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1777:Thomas Eisner
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1751:Maxine Singer
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117:February 2013
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72:Find sources:
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44:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
5325:Van Lieshout
5319:Dröge Wendel
5003:
4594:Sandra Faber
4589:Sidney Drell
4419:Leo Kadanoff
4414:James Cronin
4362:Hans Dehmelt
4297:Robert Pound
4263:Robert Sharp
4079:John Sinfelt
4046:Verner Suomi
4013:Lewis Sarett
3877:Lars Onsager
3821:Henry Eyring
3788:John Bardeen
3530:Richard Karp
3498:Allen Newell
3277:Jerzy Neyman
2902:Tung-Yen Lin
2879:Bill Hewlett
2809:Morris Cohen
2403:John W. Cahn
2304:Karl Folkers
2065:Lucy Shapiro
2015:Elaine Fuchs
1894:Ann Graybiel
1824:Janet Rowley
1806:James Watson
1798:Ruth Patrick
1641:Philip Leder
1511:Mildred Cohn
1459:Severo Ochoa
1436:E. O. Wilson
872:. Retrieved
868:the original
863:
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808:. Retrieved
798:
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259:Institutions
231:
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104:
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90:
83:
71:
60:
43:verification
36:
5368:1941 births
5129:McKitterick
5075:Van der Wee
4547:Berni Alder
4354:Frank Press
4235:Walter Kohn
4212:George Pake
4146:Walter Munk
4069:Herman Mark
4051:Henry Taube
3839:Jesse Beams
3793:Peter Debye
3775:Harold Urey
3699:Barry Mazur
3261:John Milnor
3155:Amnon Yariv
3099:Leo Beranek
2925:Ernst Weber
2778:Abel Wolman
2369:Thomas Cech
2299:Elkan Blout
2239:Max Tishler
2156:Roger Adams
2114:Simon Levin
1580:Harry Eagle
1403:Paul Gyorgy
1095:Gary Becker
618:(2): 17–19.
453:Kyoto Prize
379:Levin is a
219:Kyoto Prize
167:Nationality
5347:Categories
5283:Van Golden
5200:McClelland
5016:Brunekreef
4945:Deisseroth
4867:Montagnier
4708:Van Deenen
4341:Vera Rubin
3980:Paul Flory
3641:Hyman Bass
3514:John Cocke
3417:Raoul Bott
3320:Kurt Gödel
3312:John Tukey
3269:Paul Cohen
2884:George Low
2847:Simon Ramo
2070:Leroy Hood
1871:Carl Woese
1819:Bruce Ames
1330:Ernst Mayr
874:2007-09-03
855:(Japanese)
810:2019-08-14
789:2019-08-14
747:2019-08-14
726:2019-08-14
704:2019-08-14
684:2024-06-07
660:2020-02-12
636:2021-11-05
589:2019-08-14
548:2020-06-15
524:2020-06-15
501:References
387:, and the
155:1941-04-22
87:newspapers
5307:Struycken
5295:B. Visser
5289:Koelewijn
5247:C. Visser
5212:Kanwisher
5188:Tomasello
5105:Schilling
4992:Harremoës
4939:Carmeliet
4897:Blackburn
4849:Lauterbur
4730:Reichardt
4720:Weissmann
4336:Val Fitch
3404:Peter Lax
3174:Shu Chien
2421:John Ross
2136:Chemistry
1524:Paul Berg
916:laureates
864:ic papers
475:from the
430:from the
340:Education
326:ecologist
39:citations
5176:Anderson
5099:De Vries
5052:Le Quéré
5028:Laurance
4998:Thompson
4962:Lovelock
4915:Steinman
4879:Marshall
4855:Van Rood
4842:Medicine
4832:Stillman
4808:De Lange
4790:Jeffreys
4754:Berridge
4684:Chargaff
4315:Ed Stone
1312:Jay Lush
328:and the
170:American
65:libelous
5301:Manders
5259:Martens
5235:Verhoef
5218:Zatorre
5182:Dehaene
5153:McNeill
5141:Assmann
5111:Le Goff
5087:Oberman
5062:History
4986:Ehrlich
4968:Branica
4933:Jackson
4927:Alitalo
4921:Clevers
4873:De Wied
4861:Moncada
4796:Szostak
4772:Rothman
4702:De Duve
4690:Brachet
492:2021 –
485:2014 –
471:2010 –
464:2010 –
451:2005 –
426:1988 –
245:Ecology
101:scholar
5333:(2020)
5327:(2018)
5321:(2016)
5315:(2014)
5309:(2012)
5303:(2010)
5297:(2008)
5291:(2006)
5285:(2004)
5279:(2002)
5273:(2000)
5271:Geelen
5267:(1998)
5261:(1996)
5255:(1994)
5253:Röling
5249:(1992)
5243:(1990)
5237:(1988)
5220:(2020)
5214:(2018)
5208:(2016)
5206:Spelke
5202:(2014)
5196:(2012)
5194:Duncan
5190:(2010)
5184:(2008)
5178:(2006)
5161:(2020)
5159:Daston
5155:(2018)
5149:(2016)
5147:Herrin
5143:(2014)
5137:(2012)
5135:Parker
5131:(2010)
5125:(2008)
5123:Israel
5119:(2006)
5113:(2004)
5107:(2002)
5101:(2000)
5095:(1998)
5089:(1996)
5083:(1994)
5077:(1992)
5071:(1990)
5054:(2020)
5048:(2018)
5046:Hebert
5042:(2016)
5036:(2014)
5030:(2012)
5024:(2010)
5022:Tilman
5018:(2008)
5012:(2006)
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5000:(2002)
4994:(2000)
4988:(1998)
4982:(1996)
4976:(1994)
4970:(1992)
4964:(1990)
4947:(2020)
4941:(2018)
4935:(2016)
4929:(2014)
4923:(2012)
4917:(2010)
4911:(2008)
4905:(2006)
4899:(2004)
4893:(2002)
4891:Selkoe
4887:(2000)
4885:Kandel
4881:(1998)
4875:(1996)
4869:(1994)
4863:(1992)
4857:(1990)
4851:(1989)
4834:(2020)
4828:(2018)
4826:Zhuang
4822:(2016)
4820:Doudna
4816:(2014)
4814:Dobson
4810:(2012)
4804:(2010)
4798:(2008)
4792:(2006)
4786:(2004)
4780:(2002)
4774:(2000)
4768:(1998)
4766:Pawson
4762:(1996)
4756:(1994)
4750:(1992)
4744:(1990)
4738:(1988)
4732:(1985)
4728:&
4726:Julesz
4722:(1982)
4716:(1979)
4710:(1976)
4704:(1973)
4698:(1970)
4696:Chance
4692:(1967)
4686:(1964)
383:, the
360:Career
238:Fields
226:(2014)
221:(2005)
216:(2014)
210:Awards
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
5117:Mokyr
5093:Ozouf
5081:Brown
5004:Levin
4802:Hartl
4778:Tsien
4760:Nurse
4748:Borst
4742:Leder
4579:2010s
4428:2000s
4277:1990s
4098:1980s
3904:1970s
3752:1960s
3671:2010s
3573:2000s
3462:1990s
3373:1980s
3294:1970s
3222:1960s
3164:2010s
3073:2000s
2965:1990s
2856:1980s
2737:1970s
2632:1960s
2543:2010s
2435:2000s
2289:1990s
2165:1980s
2146:1960s
2042:2010s
1851:2000s
1665:1990s
1483:1980s
1339:1970s
1202:1960s
1144:2010s
1085:2000s
997:1990s
957:1980s
938:1960s
783:(PDF)
581:(1).
571:(PDF)
108:JSTOR
94:books
32:This
5331:Blom
5040:Mace
5010:Pimm
4980:Daly
4909:Peto
4903:King
4784:Fire
4736:Cech
4714:Klug
4616:2014
4603:2012
4585:2011
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3766:1964
3758:1963
3716:2013
3703:2012
3690:2011
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3186:2012
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2596:2014
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2100:2014
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2006:2008
1993:2007
1975:2006
1962:2005
1944:2004
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1166:2015
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1115:2005
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1016:1991
1003:1990
984:1988
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963:1986
944:1964
149:Born
80:news
41:for
5277:Mik
5241:Bot
5228:Art
5069:Gay
199:PhD
5349::
862:.
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