Knowledge

Siege of Saguntum

Source 📝

781:(221 BC) at the age of 26, he spent two years refining his plans and completing his preparations to secure power in the Mediterranean area. The Romans did nothing against him though they received ample warning of Hannibal's preparations. The Romans even went so far as turning their attention to the Illyrians who had begun to revolt. Because of this, the Romans did not react when news reached them that Hannibal was besieging Saguntum. The capture of Saguntum was essential to Hannibal's plan. The city was one of the most fortified in the area and it would have been a poor move to leave such a stronghold in the hands of the enemy. Hannibal was also looking for plunder to pay his mercenaries, who were mostly from 1385: 983: 864: 898: 881: 949: 966: 826: 932: 833: 915: 1765: 39: 840: 1023:) often did not agree with Hannibal's aggressive means of warfare, and never gave complete and unconditional support to him, even when he was on the verge of absolute victory only five miles from Rome. In this episode, however, Hannibal was able to gain limited support which permitted him to move to 801:
The Saguntines turned to Rome for aid, but none was sent. In 218 BC, after enduring eight months of siege, the Saguntines' last defenses were finally overrun. Hannibal offered to spare the population on condition that they were "willing to depart from Saguntum, unarmed, each with two garments". When
797:
During Hannibal's assault on Saguntum, he suffered some losses due to the extensive fortifications and the tenacity of the defending Saguntines, but his troops stormed and destroyed the city's defenses one at a time. Hannibal was even severely wounded in the thigh by a javelin, and fighting was
307: 342: 621: 579: 999: 1364: 377: 1359: 337: 616: 529: 467: 357: 402: 302: 1354: 1027:
where he gathered his men and informed them of his ambitious intentions. Hannibal briefly undertook a religious pilgrimage before beginning his march toward the
221: 524: 1808: 805:
This marked the beginning of the Second Punic War. Hannibal now had a base of operations from which he could supply his forces with food and extra troops.
606: 477: 457: 452: 382: 534: 352: 549: 347: 686: 761:
in the province of Valencia, Spain. The battle is mainly remembered today because it triggered one of the most important wars of antiquity, the
1191: 74: 1208: 1243: 214: 1406: 1803: 1446: 1324: 207: 1329: 679: 1750: 1344: 1555: 1475: 1411: 1269: 982: 611: 260: 1416: 1167: 1142: 1236: 672: 1740: 1426: 802:
they declined the offer and began to sabotage the town's wealth and possessions, every adult was put to death.
1587: 1550: 397: 367: 1284: 287: 1745: 1632: 1617: 1602: 1582: 897: 462: 437: 417: 392: 1063:
At the end of the 1st century AD the siege of Saguntum was described in much detail by the Latin author
832: 1813: 1697: 1607: 1229: 1076:. In his verses several Saguntine leaders and heroes stand out (Sicoris, Murrus, Theron), as well as a 825: 643: 539: 427: 1677: 1465: 596: 574: 1735: 1692: 1500: 1470: 1048: 948: 638: 297: 282: 255: 1687: 1612: 1562: 1545: 1535: 1525: 1505: 633: 422: 372: 362: 332: 312: 1100:
The death metal band Ex Deo has a song called "Hispania (The Siege of Saguntum)" on their album
1657: 1637: 1574: 1520: 1431: 1309: 1205: 544: 487: 327: 1597: 1540: 1369: 601: 432: 412: 1828: 1730: 1495: 1490: 1279: 1093: 1044: 965: 514: 292: 277: 8: 1769: 1652: 1460: 789:. Finally, the money could be spent on dealing with his political opponents in Carthage. 591: 482: 1707: 1627: 1622: 1566: 1510: 1374: 1334: 1304: 1185: 1020: 931: 880: 497: 447: 442: 317: 1682: 1672: 1647: 1642: 1485: 1421: 1339: 1294: 1274: 1173: 1163: 1138: 786: 778: 569: 554: 492: 472: 272: 154: 1823: 1776: 1515: 1441: 1349: 1052: 1040: 1024: 914: 815: 762: 718: 322: 231: 133: 114: 30: 1818: 1798: 1722: 1702: 1667: 1662: 1592: 1530: 1480: 1401: 1299: 1289: 1261: 1212: 1064: 723: 708: 648: 564: 559: 519: 509: 407: 1384: 1712: 1319: 1314: 863: 653: 1792: 1393: 1177: 1088: 1072: 746: 713: 387: 89: 76: 1221: 1084:), but very few historians give the tale any credit as a historical source. 1015:
After the siege, Hannibal attempted to gain the support of the Carthaginian
1253: 696: 1068: 38: 1028: 774: 754: 199: 161: 150: 64: 1019:. The Senate (controlled by a relatively pro-Roman faction led by 1160:
Hannibal's oath : the life and wars of Rome's greatest enemy
1113: 758: 1081: 1016: 782: 750: 742: 138: 1039:
itself. The next phase of the war was marked by extraordinary
1077: 664: 68: 1036: 1032: 1790: 1251: 1237: 680: 215: 798:stopped for a few weeks while he recovered. 1809:Military history of the Valencian Community 192:Nearly the whole fighting force was killed 1244: 1230: 1190:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 687: 673: 222: 208: 155: 16:219 BC battle in current Valencia, Spain. 1137:. Harvard University Press. p. 41. 1132: 1080:warrior princess fighting for Carthage ( 1791: 1225: 668: 203: 1157: 229: 768: 13: 1158:John, Prevas (26 September 2017). 14: 1840: 1097:which was based on Silius' poem. 1764: 1763: 1383: 981: 964: 947: 930: 913: 896: 879: 862: 838: 831: 824: 37: 1412:Hamilcar's victory with Naravas 194:A number of civilian casualties 1804:Sieges of the Second Punic War 1198: 1151: 1126: 1087:In 1727 the English dramatist 777:was made supreme commander of 694: 1: 1119: 820:Selected battles of Hannibal 808: 7: 1107: 43:Medieval castle of Saguntum 10: 1845: 757:, near the modern town of 1759: 1721: 1440: 1392: 1381: 1260: 1091:wrote a tragedy entitled 1058: 704: 308:Crossing of the Apennines 241: 183: 170: 144: 127: 47: 36: 28: 23: 1135:The Histories, Volume II 792: 1698:Great Plains (Bagradas) 145:Commanders and leaders 1206:History of Rome, xxi) 184:Casualties and losses 1476:Crossing of the Alps 1215:at Project Gutenberg 1094:The Fall of Saguntum 1009: current battle 261:Crossing of the Alps 109:Carthaginian victory 90:39.67583°N 0.27750°W 586:Sicily and Sardinia 86: /  1567:Claw of Archimedes 1375:Treaty of Lutatius 1211:2012-11-09 at the 95:39.67583; -0.27750 1814:210s BC conflicts 1786: 1785: 1133:Polybius (1922). 1102:The Immortal Wars 787:Iberian Peninsula 739:siege of Saguntum 732: 731: 662: 661: 338:Nuceria Alfaterna 198: 197: 123: 122: 113:Beginning of the 24:Siege of Saguntum 1836: 1777:Military history 1767: 1766: 1741:Port of Carthage 1577: 1570: 1569: 1449: 1442:Second Punic War 1387: 1325:Bagradas (Tunis) 1246: 1239: 1232: 1223: 1222: 1216: 1204:Livy (21.13-14) 1202: 1196: 1195: 1189: 1181: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1130: 1053:Battle of Cannae 1008: 1001: 995: 990: 985: 978: 973: 968: 961: 956: 951: 944: 939: 934: 927: 922: 917: 910: 905: 900: 893: 888: 883: 876: 871: 866: 859: 854: 849: 842: 841: 835: 828: 816:Second Punic War 769:Hannibal's plans 763:Second Punic War 699: 689: 682: 675: 666: 665: 580:2nd New Carthage 545:1st New Carthage 236: 234: 233:Second Punic War 224: 217: 210: 201: 200: 157: 115:Second Punic War 101: 100: 98: 97: 96: 91: 87: 84: 83: 82: 79: 49: 48: 41: 31:Second Punic War 21: 20: 1844: 1843: 1839: 1838: 1837: 1835: 1834: 1833: 1789: 1788: 1787: 1782: 1755: 1723:Third Punic War 1717: 1678:Carteia (naval) 1573: 1561: 1560: 1445: 1444: 1436: 1388: 1379: 1350:Drepana (siege) 1262:First Punic War 1256: 1252:Battles of the 1250: 1220: 1219: 1213:Wayback Machine 1203: 1199: 1183: 1182: 1170: 1156: 1152: 1145: 1131: 1127: 1122: 1110: 1065:Silius Italicus 1061: 1021:Hanno the Great 1013: 1012: 1011: 1010: 1006: 1003: 1002: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 962: 959: 957: 954: 952: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 877: 874: 872: 869: 867: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 843: 839: 836: 829: 821: 819: 811: 795: 771: 753:at the town of 735: 734: 733: 728: 700: 695: 693: 663: 658: 237: 232: 230: 228: 193: 160: 119: 94: 92: 88: 85: 80: 77: 75: 73: 72: 71: 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1842: 1832: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1784: 1783: 1781: 1780: 1773: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1727: 1725: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1673:Carteia (land) 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1588:2nd Beneventum 1585: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1571: 1553: 1551:1st Beneventum 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1501:Lake Trasimene 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1452: 1450: 1438: 1437: 1435: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1398: 1396: 1390: 1389: 1382: 1380: 1378: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1285:Lipari Islands 1282: 1277: 1272: 1266: 1264: 1258: 1257: 1249: 1248: 1241: 1234: 1226: 1218: 1217: 1197: 1168: 1162:. Boston, MA. 1150: 1143: 1124: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1109: 1106: 1060: 1057: 1049:Lake Trasimene 1005: 1004: 997: 992: 987: 980: 975: 970: 963: 958: 953: 946: 941: 936: 929: 924: 919: 912: 907: 902: 895: 890: 885: 878: 873: 868: 861: 856: 851: 844: 837: 830: 823: 822: 814: 813: 812: 810: 807: 794: 791: 770: 767: 741:took place in 730: 729: 727: 726: 721: 716: 711: 705: 702: 701: 692: 691: 684: 677: 669: 660: 659: 657: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 630: 629: 625: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 588: 587: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 506: 505: 501: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 398:2nd Beneventum 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 368:1st Beneventum 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 298:Lake Trasimene 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 269: 268: 264: 263: 258: 253: 247: 246: 242: 239: 238: 227: 226: 219: 212: 204: 196: 195: 190: 186: 185: 181: 180: 177: 173: 172: 168: 167: 164: 147: 146: 142: 141: 136: 130: 129: 125: 124: 121: 120: 118: 117: 110: 107: 103: 102: 67:, present-day 63: 61: 57: 56: 53: 45: 44: 34: 33: 26: 25: 19: 18: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1841: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1794: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1772: 1771: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1728: 1726: 1724: 1720: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1506:Ager Falernus 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1443: 1439: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1394:Mercenary War 1391: 1386: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1330:Cape Hermaeum 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1247: 1242: 1240: 1235: 1233: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1201: 1193: 1187: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1169:9780306824241 1165: 1161: 1154: 1146: 1144:0-674-99152-4 1140: 1136: 1129: 1125: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1105: 1103: 1098: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1089:Philip Frowde 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1056: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1043:victories at 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1000: 984: 967: 950: 933: 916: 899: 882: 865: 834: 827: 817: 806: 803: 799: 790: 788: 784: 780: 776: 766: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 747:Carthaginians 744: 740: 725: 722: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 706: 703: 698: 690: 685: 683: 678: 676: 671: 670: 667: 655: 652: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 631: 627: 626: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 589: 585: 584: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 507: 503: 502: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 403:Campi Veteres 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 378:2nd Casilinum 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 343:1st Casilinum 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 313:Ager Falernus 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 270: 266: 265: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 248: 244: 243: 240: 235: 225: 220: 218: 213: 211: 206: 205: 202: 191: 188: 187: 182: 178: 175: 174: 169: 165: 163: 158: 152: 149: 148: 143: 140: 137: 135: 132: 131: 126: 116: 112: 111: 108: 105: 104: 99: 70: 66: 62: 59: 58: 54: 51: 50: 46: 40: 35: 32: 27: 22: 1775: 1768: 1746:2nd Nepheris 1736:1st Nepheris 1638:New Carthage 1633:2nd Tarentum 1618:2nd Herdonia 1608:Upper Baetis 1603:1st Herdonia 1583:1st Tarentum 1521:Silva Litana 1455: 1432:Leptis Parva 1365:2nd Mt. Eryx 1360:1st Mt. Eryx 1310:Cape Ecnomus 1200: 1159: 1153: 1134: 1128: 1101: 1099: 1092: 1086: 1071: 1062: 1041:Carthaginian 1025:New Carthage 1014: 804: 800: 796: 772: 745:between the 738: 736: 644:Great Plains 628:North Africa 540:Upper Baetis 463:2nd Tarentum 438:2nd Herdonia 418:1st Herdonia 393:1st Tarentum 328:Silva Litana 303:Umbrian Lake 250: 128:Belligerents 29:Part of the 1829:Last stands 1541:Decimomannu 1355:Mount Ercte 602:Decimomannu 575:2nd Carteia 570:1st Carteia 473:2nd Petelia 433:Sapriportis 353:1st Petelia 93: / 1793:Categories 1731:Lake Tunis 1496:Ebro River 1280:Agrigentum 1254:Punic Wars 1120:References 1051:, and the 751:Saguntines 697:Punic Wars 622:Agrigentum 525:Illiturgis 515:Ebro River 293:Victumulae 139:Saguntines 78:39°40′33″N 1693:2nd Utica 1688:1st Utica 1653:Grumentum 1613:2nd Capua 1593:1st Capua 1461:Lilybaeum 1447:(Battles) 1345:Lilybaeum 1186:cite book 1178:962551578 1069:epic poem 938:Trasimene 809:Aftermath 714:Mercenary 639:2nd Utica 634:1st Utica 592:Lilybaeum 483:Grumentum 423:2nd Capua 408:1st Capua 288:Placentia 81:0°16′39″W 1770:Category 1751:Carthage 1708:Insubria 1658:Metaurus 1628:Canusium 1623:Numistro 1563:Heat ray 1556:Syracuse 1546:3rd Nola 1536:2nd Nola 1526:1st Nola 1511:Geronium 1456:Saguntum 1417:Carthage 1407:Bagradas 1335:Panormus 1305:Tyndaris 1270:Treaties 1209:Archived 1108:See also 1029:Pyrenees 989:Saguntum 921:Geronium 887:Tarentum 870:Numistro 848:300miles 785:and the 775:Hannibal 755:Saguntum 749:and the 612:Syracuse 607:Leontini 498:Insubria 488:Metaurus 458:Caulonia 453:Manduria 448:Canusium 443:Numistro 373:3rd Nola 363:2nd Nola 333:1st Nola 318:Geronium 251:Saguntum 171:Strength 162:Maharbal 151:Hannibal 134:Carthage 65:Saguntum 60:Location 1824:Sagunto 1683:Crotona 1648:Petelia 1643:Baecula 1598:Silarus 1575:Sambuca 1486:Ticinus 1422:The Saw 1370:Aegates 1340:Drepana 1295:Thermae 1275:Messana 1114:Alorcus 1067:in his 759:Sagunto 555:Baecula 493:Crotona 478:Venusia 413:Silarus 383:Lucania 273:Ticinus 245:Prelude 179:Unknown 176:Unknown 166:Unknown 153: ( 1819:219 BC 1799:218 BC 1516:Cannae 1491:Trebia 1176:  1166:  1141:  1082:Asbyte 1078:Libyan 1073:Punica 1059:Legacy 1045:Trebia 1035:, and 1031:, the 1017:Senate 1007:  955:Trebia 904:Cannae 783:Africa 779:Iberia 773:After 743:219 BC 719:Second 617:Himera 535:Orongi 504:Iberia 323:Cannae 283:Mutina 278:Trebia 106:Result 55:219 BC 1703:Cirta 1668:Sucro 1663:Ilipa 1531:Ibera 1481:Cissa 1471:Rhone 1466:Malta 1427:Tunis 1402:Utica 1315:Aspis 1300:Sulci 1290:Mylae 846:500km 793:Siege 724:Third 709:First 649:Cirta 597:Malta 565:Sucro 560:Ilipa 550:Baria 530:Munda 520:Ibera 510:Cissa 468:Locri 358:Cumae 348:Hamae 267:Italy 256:Rhone 189:Heavy 69:Spain 1713:Zama 1565:and 1320:Adys 1192:link 1174:OCLC 1164:ISBN 1139:ISBN 1037:Rome 1033:Alps 972:Alps 853:Zama 737:The 654:Zama 428:Rome 388:Arpi 52:Date 156:WIA 1795:: 1188:}} 1184:{{ 1172:. 1104:. 1055:. 1047:, 765:. 1245:e 1238:t 1231:v 1194:) 1180:. 1147:. 994:1 977:2 960:3 943:4 926:5 909:6 892:7 875:8 858:9 818:: 688:e 681:t 674:v 223:e 216:t 209:v 159:)

Index

Second Punic War

Saguntum
Spain
39°40′33″N 0°16′39″W / 39.67583°N 0.27750°W / 39.67583; -0.27750
Second Punic War
Carthage
Saguntines
Hannibal
WIA
Maharbal
v
t
e
Second Punic War
Saguntum
Rhone
Crossing of the Alps
Ticinus
Trebia
Mutina
Placentia
Victumulae
Lake Trasimene
Umbrian Lake
Crossing of the Apennines
Ager Falernus
Geronium
Cannae
Silva Litana

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.