614:. Over the course of 1917-1918, the Arabs numerously attempted to sabotage the Hejaz Railway. Ottoman garrisons of the isolated small train stations withstood the continuous night attacks and secured the tracks against increasing number of strikes (around 130 major attacks in 1917 and hundreds in 1918 including exploding more than 300 bombs on 30 April 1918). The Arabs aided the British wherever they can, their efforts paved the way for the British annexation of the
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in contrast to the mobile irregular Arab force. This would prove detrimental as the
Ottomans reinforced the city of thousands of soldiers with necessary supplies. The Ottomans tried to recapture coastal ports that were used to supply the Arabs, but were foiled by the
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and his troops entered Medina on 13 January 1919. After the surrender, the Arab troops looted the city for 12 days. Overall 4,850 houses which were locked and put under seal by
Fahreddin Pasha were opened forcefully and looted.
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after their surrender. Besides the evacuated some died of disease and others dispersed on their own to various areas. The weapons and ammunition of the garrison were left to the besiegers.
709:^ Spencer C. Tucker, Arab Revolt (1916-1918) 16 Nisan 2014 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., The Encyclopedia of World War I, ABC-CLIO, 2005, ISBN 1851094202, page 117.
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At this point, Arab and Allied planners decided to lay siege to Medina instead of forcefully breaching it. The
Ottomans were pinned down in the city whilst desperately protecting the
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would also surrender. He refused and did not surrender even after the end of the war despite pleas from the
Ottoman sultan. He held the city until 72 days after the end of the war.
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These armies had elements of
British and French officers attached to them who provided technical military advice. One of these officers was the infamous
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521:. Once Mecca is captured, the Arabs turned their attention to Medina, which was defended by an even bigger Ottoman force complemented by the strategic
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727:^ Polly a. Mohs, Military Intelligence and the Arab Revolt: The first modern intelligence war, Routledge, ISBN 1134192541, page 40
553:, the only means of supply. By pinning the 12,000 Ottomans in Medina, it would leave other fronts much easier to win, such as in
718:^ Mehmet Bahadir Dördüncü, Mecca-Medina: the Yıldız albums of Sultan Abdülhamid II, Tughra Books, 2006, ISBN 1597840548, page 29
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with their military power. Instead, they bribed some of the soldiers in his army, who then arrested him on 10 January 1919.
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began to capture Mecca against the surprised but well-equipped
Ottoman defenders and culminated in the
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This article is about the siege of Medina in World War I. For the
Byzantine siege of Mdina, Malta, see
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made contact with Sharif
Hussain of Mecca, which would then be a two-year dialogue also known as the
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About 8,000 (519 officers and 7,545 soldiers) men of the
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set about creating military training camps in Mecca under the direction of General
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were repulsed with heavy losses by the Ottomans, who were fortified and armed with
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The end broken point of Turkish – Arabian relations: The evacuation of Medine
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The siege began in October 1916 when the Arabs led by Hussein's son
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With the resignation of the Ottoman Empire from the war with the
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The British eventually understood that they couldn't defeat
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A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Atatürk
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would be in charge of surrounding Medina from the east.
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The Ottoman Empire joined the war on the side of the
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Siege of Medina and the Arabian campaign in general
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398:holy city, which was then under the control of the
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794:Mecca: A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land
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588:The Eastern Army under the command of Prince
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264:Casualties and losses
681:Battle of Mecca 1916
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25:Siege of Medina Fort
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623:Armistice of Mudros
578:'Aziz 'Ali al-Misri
480:Hashemite Caliphate
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52:Please help
47:verification
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582:Arab Revolt
563:Mesopotamia
419:Arab Revolt
310:Arab Revolt
144:Arab Revolt
868:Categories
816:References
802:069103267X
777:0275988767
641:Conclusion
544:Royal Navy
456:Background
80:newspapers
555:Palestine
539:artillery
503:Caliphate
352:Wadi Musa
823:"Medina"
806:page 374
781:page 253
665:See also
625:between
411:Mehmed V
367:Damascus
247:Strength
166:Location
142:Part of
631:Entente
430:British
396:Islamic
357:Megiddo
146:of the
94:scholar
833:15 May
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565:, and
535:Faisal
513:. The
511:Medina
490:under
488:Aleppo
442:Medina
434:French
415:Allies
389:Hejazi
372:Aleppo
327:Medina
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186:Result
171:Medina
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697:Notes
659:Egypt
567:Aqaba
559:Sinai
529:Siege
515:Arabs
507:Mecca
482:from
438:Mecca
362:Tafas
347:Aqaba
337:Yanbu
322:Mecca
204:Hejaz
101:JSTOR
87:books
835:2010
798:ISBN
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629:and
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484:Aden
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