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attempted a sortie against the French positions near the hornwork, but it was repulsed. By 27 October, the French had established numerous batteries and were mercilessly battering the main fortification. About 4 pm on 28 October, the French barrage started a fire on the hornwork that was severe enough that its commander requested permission from Phull to withdraw; this permission was granted. Phull then held a council, in which it was determined that only 500 men were combat-ready, and that the fortress might hold out at most three more days. Consequently, Phull raised the white flag around 8 pm on 28 October.
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552:, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) below Kehl, they constructed a ship bridge and crossed 4,000 men to the east bank. Near Goldscheuer, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) above the fortress, they began constructing another bridge. Two days later, the bulk of the Berwick's army had crossed the Rhine. General Phull, when the French began their movements, destroyed the bridge between Kehl and Strasbourg, and also destroyed those houses and other buildings outside the fortress that might provide the attacking French any sort of shelter.
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564:. Local villagers were among those pressed into service for its construction, which was anchored at both ends by the Rhine, above and below the fortress. Berwick's quartermasters also made demands to the surrounding villages for the delivery of provisions to the besiegers. The Duke of Württemberg signed a supply agreement that he characterized in reports to the emperor as being concluded under the greatest duress.
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The onset of bad weather ended the French campaign for the year, and
Berwick, after consolidating his control over the area, quartered his troops for the winter on the French side of the Rhine. In 1734 Berwick continued the campaign down the Rhine, successfully flanking the Imperial defense line at
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was
Berwick's target when the latter began construction of batteries on the island between Kehl and Strasbourg. On 18 October Phull issued detailed instructions to his commanders concerning the tactics of defense and retreat. The hornwork was to be held until it was either breached or its artillery
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On 23 October the French opened fire not only on the hornwork, but also began battering the walls of the main fortress with cannon fire. After two failed assaults by
Berwick's grenadiers, they succeeded in briefly occupying the hornwork; it was reoccupied by the Germans the next day. The defenders
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on the Rhine-facing side of the fortress, and the French began setting up a battery there on 23 October. The defenders were by this time reduced to musket fire and grenades, as most of their artillery had been dismounted or destroyed by enemy fire.
545:. Control over the remainder of Lorraine was rapidly established, and the two commanders left garrisons throughout the duchy before sending the bulk of their forces into Alsace to focus on the campaign on the Rhine.
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to the north, provided strategic military control over major crossings of the upper Rhine, which formed the boundary between French-controlled Alsace and the various principalities of the empire.
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rendered useless, at which point the defenders were to fall back first to the covered way between the hornwork and the main fortress, and then to the fortress proper.
530:. Although some imperial troops were stationed there in January 1733, the commander of the fortress was the Württembergian lieutenant general Baron Johann August von
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On his election Russia and
Austria (backing Augustus III) invaded Poland. By 22 September Stanislas, who did not have a proper army, had to take refuge in
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The garrison marched out of the fortress on 31 October with the full honors of war, and was escorted to the imperial defense line at
Ettlingen.
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By 17 October
Berwick was ready to begin digging siege lines, and it became apparent to Phull that the fortress' river-facing
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The French began digging siege trenches on the night of 19 October. By 21 October the siege lines reached an unfinished
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Also on 12 October, Berwick ordered troops from the
Strasbourg encampment to cross the Rhine. At a point near
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that ended the war, France eventually withdrew from Kehl and
Philippsburg, but eventually annexed Lorraine.
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Nominally the responsibility of the emperor, maintenance and defense of the fortress belonged to the
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besieged and captured the fortress, which was lightly garrisoned and in poor condition.
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Histoire philosophique du règne de Louis XV - Page 374 - de Hervé de
Tocqueville - 1847
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with the objective of distracting
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On 12 October, French troops under Belle-Isle and Silly marched into the
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on 1 February 1733, the Polish throne was claimed by both his son,
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recognised that Austro-Russian aggression against Poland was the
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A fairly detailed account of the French conduct of the siege
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by sea, Stanilas crossed Germany incognito and arrived at
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Jahrbücher für die Deutschen Armee und Marine, Volume 79
464:, Augustus III's half-brother and the former lover of
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on 8 September. On 12 September Stanislas was elected
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Berwick first ordered the construction of a line of
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655:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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333:. A large French army under the command of the
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16:1733 during the War of the Polish Succession
761:Battles of the War of the Polish Succession
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686:Learn how and when to remove this message
436:'s courtiers (including the princes of
367:. Whilst a body double ostensibly left
781:Sieges involving the Holy Roman Empire
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48:A 1788 map showing Kehl and Strasbourg
776:Military history of Baden-Württemberg
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515:. The fortress at Kehl, and that at
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751:Sieges involving France
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195:1,200 Schwabian militia
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643:list of references
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60:14–28 October 1733
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728:(in French)
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668:introducing
618:Jean Thurel
509:Rhine River
460:, but also
416:casus belli
361:Stanislas I
353:Augustus II
327:Rhine River
107: /
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513:Strasbourg
468:, now the
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282:San Pietro
591:Aftermath
481:Rhineland
450:Charolais
359:, and by
297:Guastalla
612:See also
569:hornwork
550:Auenheim
446:Clermont
434:Louis XV
424:Sardinia
410:and the
365:Louis XV
267:Trarbach
183:Strength
65:Location
664:improve
624:Sources
577:lunette
503:in the
491:Prelude
474:marshal
470:tsarina
408:Denmark
379:by the
341:Context
302:Clausen
277:Colorno
262:Bitonto
92:48°34′N
82:Germany
456:, the
404:Sweden
398:, the
392:Gdańsk
388:Danzig
373:Warsaw
257:Danzig
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120:Result
95:7°49′E
649:, or
556:Siege
543:Nancy
532:Phull
438:Conti
369:Brest
292:Capua
287:Gaeta
177:Phull
497:Kehl
452:and
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313:The
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57:Date
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