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41:
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In 2018, side mirrors in a form of camera and display were introduced for a better peripheral recognition upon driving. It has advantages over conventional ones as it may provide wider angle of sight and less air resistance without obstructing driver's frontal view, though the first of these problems
245:
did not allow cars to be registered without mirrors on front fenders, so the mirrors were mounted far forward atop the front fenders. More recent
Japanese-specification vehicles have side mirrors similar to those in other countries. Taxi drivers and other professional drivers retain a preference for
237:
More commonly in cars manufactured since the 2000s, side mirrors may be manually or electrically folded in, to protect them when the car is parked or being washed in an automated car wash. Passing cars can easily clip protruding side mirrors; the folding capability helps protect them from harm. ECE
262:
Problems with digital mirrors include difficulties relating to the inherent lack of binocular vision (such as impaired depth perception, and the requirement for the viewer to readjust focus to the distance of the mirror surface instead of merely the distance to the object), as well as from problems
249:
U.S. Federal Motor
Vehicle Safety Standard 111 requires that convex side-view mirrors must have a curvature radius of between 889 mm and 1651 mm. Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 111 stipulates a range of between 890 mm and 1800 mm. Neither the U.S. nor the Canadian standard
138:
Through the 1940s, most roads had just two lanes, one in each direction. Drivers usually had to be aware only of traffic ahead of and directly behind them. Due to this, early cars had just a single rear-view mirror mounted on the top of the windshield or on top of the dashboard. When side mirrors
155:
require the driver-side mirror to provide "unit magnification", i.e., an undistorted 1:1 reflection achieved with a flat mirror. However, unit magnification limits the field of view that can be provided by a mirror of size compatible with the vehicle body. The
139:
were introduced to help drivers see overtaking vehicles, most cars only had the driver side mirror as standard equipment. A passenger side mirror was optional on most cars through the 1970s. Today all 3 mirrors are standard on almost all passenger vehicles.
250:
allows for aspheric mirrors. The
European ECE Regulation 46 used throughout most of the world permits planar, convex, and/or aspheric mirrors on either side of the vehicle. American research suggests non-planar driver side mirrors may help reduce crashes.
320:
113:
The side mirror is equipped for manual or remote vertical and horizontal adjustment so as to provide adequate coverage to drivers of differing height and seated position. Remote adjustment may be mechanical by means of
164:
surface; an aspheric section is often combined with a larger convex section, and the two sections are separated by a visible line to alert the driver to the two sections' different perspective shifts.
191:
farther away than they actually are, a driver might make a maneuver such as a lane change assuming an adjacent vehicle is a safe distance behind, when in fact it is quite a bit closer. In the
284:
130:. There is evidence to suggest that mirror-mounted repeaters may be more effective than repeaters mounted in the previously predominant fender side location.
263:
related to both the reduced dynamic range and the sensitivity of a camera in low light conditions. This type of mirror also needs power to function.
672:
259:
can be alleviated in regular mirrors by adjusting them such that the view presented offers only minimal overlap with that of the interior mirror.
148:
238:
Regulation 46 requires that side mirrors be mounted such that they swing away when struck by a test cylinder meant to represent a pedestrian.
213:
91:
for the purposes of helping the driver see areas behind and to the sides of the vehicle, outside the driver's peripheral vision (in the "
217:. In Canada, this warning is often supplemented by a transparent decal on the passenger side window repeating the warning in French:
275:
772:
515:
425:
308:
188:
1244:
367:
296:
160:
in use throughout most of the world except North
America permit the driver-side mirror to have a planar, convex, or
118:, or may be electric by means of geared motors. The mirror glass may also be electrically heated and may include
600:
1410:
1269:
1347:
1264:
1181:
383:
242:
1379:
127:
1128:
765:
676:
372:
36:
Dual-contour side mirror. Large inboard convex surface is separated from small outboard aspheric surface.
17:
1330:
720:"The Geometry of Automotive Rearview Mirrors - Why Blind Zones Exist and Strategies to Overcome Them"
740:
719:
690:
545:"Why does the passenger side window on my car state 'objects in mirror are closer than they appear?"
482:
465:
1085:
572:
92:
1302:
948:
758:
403:
221:. In Korea, the warning appears in Korean. Warnings of this nature are not required in Europe.
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727:
452:
51:
628:
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362:
8:
1342:
1236:
1211:
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the wing-mounted mirrors as they feel that they work better in extremely tight traffic.
1148:
1022:
388:
357:
271:
1385:
1050:
781:
342:
171:
Side mirror with warning legend: "Objects in the mirror are closer than they appear"
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429:
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60:
40:
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56:
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of following vehicles. Increasingly, the side mirror incorporates the vehicle's
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44:
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1080:
1032:
979:
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219:
les objets dans le retroviseur sont plus proche qu'ils ne le paraissent
266:
These side mirrors are installed on various types of vehicles such as
1309:
963:
936:
906:
691:"Response times using flat, convex, and multiradius rearview mirrors"
208:
750:
1254:
1138:
994:
953:
428:. Ref 2005-01-0449. Society of Automotive Engineers. Archived from
330:
with four times more visibility than traditional side-view mirrors.
211:, non-planar mirrors are etched or printed with the warning legend
123:
103:
1075:
958:
850:
229:
179:
side mirror, a useful field of view can be achieved only with a
196:
84:
32:
516:"Synthesis Study of Light Vehicle Non-Planar Mirror Research"
233:
Driver's control for side mirrors, with tiny curb-view button
204:
200:
1153:
792:
434:
423:
99:
102:
mount their side mirrors on the doors—normally at the
426:"Geometric Visibility of Mirror-Mounted Turn Signals"
274:. Mercedes-Benz introduced such a system 2018 in the
175:
Because of the distance from the driver's eye to the
149:
U.S. National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration's
483:"Are Convex Driver Side Mirrors Helpful or Harmful?"
151:Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 111 and the
290:Mercedes-Benz Actros 5 cabin with digital mirrors
214:objects in the mirror are closer than they appear
1402:
629:"Text of the 1958 Agreement - Transport - UNECE"
183:or aspheric mirror. However, the convexity also
110:(the portion of the body above the wheel well).
47:side mirror with integrated turn signal repeater
679:on 2 April 2019 – via Japan Times Online.
122:dimming to reduce glare to the driver from the
766:
510:
508:
506:
595:
593:
567:
565:
477:
475:
142:
773:
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601:"Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 111"
670:
503:
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228:
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153:Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 111
50:
39:
31:
717:
666:
664:
133:
14:
1403:
187:the objects shown. Since such objects
780:
754:
671:Gordenker, Alice (18 November 2013).
623:
621:
224:
1375:
661:
573:"Standard No. 111; Rearview mirrors"
542:
424:Flannagan, M.J.; Reed, M.P. (2005).
1348:Vehicle identification number (VIN)
718:Platzer, George (1 February 1995).
24:
618:
326:Honda's LaneWatch provides an 80°
25:
1427:
368:Intelligent Parking Assist System
314:left camera of the digital mirror
1384:
1374:
1365:
1364:
791:Part of a series of articles on
658:19 March 1983 morning p. 22
319:
307:
295:
283:
711:
683:
241:Until March 1983, the Japanese
79:and often (in the UK) called a
649:
536:
417:
13:
1:
1182:Approach and departure angles
410:
384:Lane departure warning system
278:under the name "MirrorCam".
147:In the U.S. and Canada, the
7:
1245:Automotive light bulb types
373:Experimental Safety Vehicle
335:
10:
1432:
253:
87:placed on the exterior of
1360:
1323:
1285:
1235:
1224:
1174:
1101:
1041:
993:
972:
809:
800:
788:
55:Large side mirror from a
1265:high-intensity discharge
143:Planar, convex, aspheric
949:Stressed member engine
735:Cite journal requires
577:edocket.access.gpo.gov
460:Cite journal requires
404:Power side-view mirror
302:left and right display
234:
172:
64:
48:
37:
1411:Automotive body parts
1081:Windshield/windscreen
243:Ministry of Transport
232:
170:
128:turn signal repeaters
54:
43:
35:
1250:Daytime running lamp
439:on 30 September 2007
363:Blind spot (vehicle)
134:Optional side mirror
63:to reduce wind noise
1212:Weight distribution
1144:Omniview technology
75:), also known as a
27:Vehicle wing mirror
1331:Registration plate
389:List of auto parts
358:Blind spot monitor
235:
225:Other requirements
173:
98:Almost all modern
65:
49:
38:
1398:
1397:
1356:
1355:
1220:
1219:
1051:Glass run channel
985:Trunk/boot/dickie
782:Automotive design
722:. Warrendale, PA.
543:Skorucak, Anton.
343:Automatic parking
106:—rather than the
61:vortex generators
16:(Redirected from
1423:
1388:
1378:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1315:Window deflector
1298:Side-view mirror
1233:
1232:
856:Continental tire
819:Backbone chassis
807:
806:
775:
768:
761:
752:
751:
745:
744:
738:
733:
731:
723:
715:
709:
708:
706:
704:
695:
687:
681:
680:
675:. Archived from
673:"Fender mirrors"
668:
659:
656:Mainichi Shimbun
653:
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399:Rear-view mirror
348:Backup collision
323:
311:
299:
287:
220:
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69:side-view mirror
21:
1431:
1430:
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1401:
1400:
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1187:Breakover angle
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394:Precrash system
379:Intelligent car
338:
331:
324:
315:
312:
303:
300:
291:
288:
268:Hyundai Ioniq 5
256:
227:
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158:ECE regulations
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136:
57:Honda Ridgeline
28:
23:
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15:
12:
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5:
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1286:Other elements
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1109:Bumper sticker
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120:electrochromic
89:motor vehicles
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1124:Hood ornament
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1119:Front-end bra
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1092:
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1071:Quarter glass
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927:Quarter panel
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832:
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829:Body-on-frame
827:
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657:
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637:
636:www.unece.org
630:
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354:
353:Backup camera
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
340:
329:
328:field of view
322:
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193:United States
190:
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182:
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125:
121:
117:
116:bowden cables
111:
109:
105:
101:
96:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
62:
58:
53:
46:
42:
34:
30:
19:
1336:vanity plate
1297:
1275:trafficators
1086:washer fluid
1066:Power window
1061:Opera window
973:Compartments
861:Crumple zone
846:Cabrio coach
790:
728:cite journal
713:
701:. Retrieved
697:
685:
677:the original
651:
639:. Retrieved
635:
608:. Retrieved
604:
580:. Retrieved
576:
552:. Retrieved
549:physlink.com
548:
538:
526:. Retrieved
522:
493:. Retrieved
489:
453:cite journal
441:. Retrieved
430:the original
419:
265:
261:
257:
248:
240:
236:
176:
174:
146:
137:
112:
97:
80:
76:
72:
68:
66:
29:
1270:sealed beam
1202:Roll center
1197:Ride height
1134:Japan black
1129:Instruments
1114:Curb feeler
980:Hood/bonnet
272:Audi e-tron
81:wing mirror
77:door mirror
73:side mirror
45:Ford Fiesta
18:Side mirror
1405:Categories
1056:Greenhouse
411:References
93:blind spot
1310:Tow hitch
1228:equipment
1154:Tire/tyre
1013:Gull-wing
1003:Butterfly
964:Trunk lid
907:Monocoque
811:Framework
698:umich.edu
523:nhtsa.gov
490:umich.edu
443:14 August
209:Australia
177:passenger
124:headlamps
1370:Category
1255:Headlamp
1237:Lighting
1226:Exterior
1192:Overhang
1175:Geometry
1159:run-flat
1139:Nerf bar
954:Subframe
922:Platform
912:Overhang
824:Beltline
703:19 April
641:19 April
610:19 April
605:tc.gc.ca
582:19 April
554:19 April
528:19 April
495:19 April
433:(paper,
336:See also
185:minifies
162:aspheric
104:A-pillar
1416:Mirrors
1380:Commons
1076:Sunroof
1028:Suicide
1023:Sliding
1018:Scissor
959:Tonneau
944:Spoiler
851:Chassis
254:Digital
83:, is a
1390:Portal
1260:hidden
1008:Canopy
917:Pillar
898:shaker
883:Grille
876:skirts
871:ponton
866:Fender
839:Dagmar
834:Bumper
276:Actros
197:Canada
181:convex
85:mirror
1343:Theft
1324:Legal
1303:power
1164:spare
1149:Parts
1091:wiper
1043:Glass
995:Doors
893:scoop
694:(PDF)
632:(PDF)
519:(PDF)
486:(PDF)
375:(ESV)
205:Korea
201:India
108:wings
59:with
1293:Horn
1033:Swan
937:rack
932:Roof
888:Hood
802:Body
793:cars
741:help
705:2018
643:2018
612:2018
584:2018
556:2018
530:2018
497:2018
466:help
445:2006
207:and
189:seem
100:cars
95:").
71:(or
435:PDF
1407::
732::
730:}}
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