Ship and boat building in Whitby

1382: 1394: 1322: 154: 1310: 1334: 165:, a three-masted vessel weighing 237 tonnes (261 tons). Coates had been in business since 1697, when his name first appears in a rate book. By 1706, the town was the sixth largest port in Britain, having over 130 vessels built in Whitby. A dry dock was uncovered underneath a car park on Church Street in the town during building works in 1998. The town had a plethora of dry docks for the maintenance of ships during the 18th and 19th centuries. The dry docks at Whitby were the first in the region, and only the second behind those in Portsmouth which were built between 1680 and 1700. 1001: 1358: 272: 328:

available at the swing bridge in Whitby. Even though the swing bridge was replaced in 1909, with a width of 70 feet (21 m), it was too late for the shipbuilding industry as the skilled workers made redundant from Turnbull and Son, went off to work in other shipyards away from the River Esk and Whitby. Another cause for the loss of the shipbuilding business was that by the turn of the 20th century, steel and iron were the materials that ships were mostly made from, and Whitby could not compete with shipyards on the

1370: 1346: 85:. The east side of the town developed as the fishing village, whereas the growth of the western side, was accelerated through the 18th and 19th centuries by the ship- and boat-building industries. Whitby has had a fishing fleet since at least the 14th century, but the growth in larger shipping both entering and being built in the harbour, was driven by the local alum industry that had several processing sites along the coast of Yorkshire. Alum was originally imported from Italy and was a monopoly industry for the 364: 323:. The number of ships and overall tonnage grew steadily and provided a keen income to the yard. In 1882, they launched eight ships with a combined weight of over 13,000 tonnes (14,000 tons). However, in the following year there was a depression in the market and Turnbull's only launched four ships with a combined weight of 7,000 tonnes (7,700 tons). This saw their workforce decimated from nearly 800 men to just 70. Turnbull and Son launched their last vessel, SS 232:.) Whilst most of these were located on the side of the shipyards or the water, one, owned by Campion was situated in the upper part of Bagdale and produced a special type of sailcloth which did not use starch in its preparation as most other manufacturers did. The yardage of cloth produced in the late 1770s was about 5,000 yards (4,600 m) annually, of which, most was supplied to the Royal Navy in London. 22: 112:, and the river and harbour provided a good starting point for the outward transportation of alum and an appropriate receiving point for inward goods needed in the alum producing process, such as coal and human urine. Long before the alum trade, Whitby was noted as being a safe haven for shipping to wait out storms in the North Sea, and as a convenient stopping off point between the 173:

vessel that was described as being "bluff in the bow and flat in the floors for maximum capacity". The ships were colliers, and transported coal from Newcastle to London and points between in the days before the railways. The Cat's shallow draught allowed them to beach and unload their cargo whilst stranded and be refloated come high tide.

535:, and was probably one of the shipyards to do this in Whitby on a regular basis. Dates of the business are not exact, but William Clarkson is recorded as building boats in 1933, with Gordon Clarkson building boats up to at least 1976. A ship-breakers known as Clarkson existed at Whitby between 1919 and 1921. 890:

In 1840, the twenty-one year old Thomas Turnbull leased a yard at Larpool Wood that had had two previous owners. Turnbull was described as a capable draughtsman who had been apprenticed to the Barrick shipyard before forming his own company. Originally, the Turnbull family built in wood, but switched

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traditionally froze over winter, many Whitby ships were in for repair, which led to an increase in the number of dry docks in the harbour area. The winter work that was carried out on the vessels was a lucrative sideline to the shipbuilders, as in the latter part of the 17th century, this brought in

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The most famous of the shipyards was that of Thomas Fishburn, who along with his business partner Thomas Brodrick, built many vessels, including the famous 'Whitby Cats'. Their yard built 88 ships between 1790 and 1815, making them easily the biggest yard in the town. The Cat was a particular type of

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Fishburn took a rental of the former Coates shipyard in 1750 after all of the Coates family had died, bar Mercy Coates, who was Jarvis Coates' wife. When she died in 1759, Fishburn took full ownership of the yard. Fishburn also constructed a dry dock at Boghall, which came into the possession of the

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and other ports on the Yorkshire Coast. However, until the expansion of the upper harbour at Whitby in the 1730s, fishing boats were built on the seaward side of the bridge straddling the upper and lower harbours. Also, vessels registered to the ports of London and Newcastle in 1626 are described as

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Holt and Richardson were two of the original four members of the Dock Company who established a dry dock and shipyard on the eastern bank of the River Esk. In conjunction, the company produced 27 ships between 1804 and 1819. Before these dates, they operated independently of each other and Holt was

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in 1902, which brought an end to the great shipbuilding in Whitby as Turnbull and son were the last "significant shipbuilders". The last years of building ships into the early twentieth century, saw their displacement rated at over 5,700 tonnes (6,300 tons), which was proving too much for the width

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Whitby shipyards produced a significant proportion of the merchant ships built in England and Wales. In the period 1790 to 1793, their market share of new merchant vessels ranged between 10.1 per cent and 11.6 per cent of the total. In 1792 and 1793 Whitby was the second largest ship-building port

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visited the alum works owned by the Pope and recognised that the same rocks existed beneath his estate in Guisborough, North Yorkshire. He spirited away several of the Italian workers and set about his own alum business, which could produce alum at £40 cheaper (£12 instead of £52) than the imported

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Originally started out as an engineering yard for ship repairs. Ventured into boat building in the late 1990s. Has produced over 40 boats since then including trawlers, yachts and service boats. The facility has the capability of accepting vessels uop to 148 feet (45 m) long and weighing 500

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Ships and boats are often separated as to their definitions based on a number of criteria; mostly upon the belief that a ship can carry a boat, but a boat cannot carry a ship. Other definitions revolve around overall tonnage and whether or not the vessel was required to cross oceans or just stay

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Other than an occasional or small boat build, ship and boat building disappeared from Whitby, though the widened 1909 swing bridge ironically allowed captured enemy ships from the First World War to be brought into the upper harbour and scrapped. Boats of that size, typically 5,000 tonnes (5,500

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for centuries beforehand. George Young attributes this to what was built before as being simply boats, whereas, after the early 18th century, the harbour was greatly enlarged which allowed ships to be built. The town had a fishing industry during this time, but it was a very small operation in

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The shipyard was the first to be recorded in Whitby and was located at Dock End, where Bagdale Beck flowed into the harbour. Coates' shipyard was said to have dominated the shipbuilding industry in Whitby for 40 years. This site has been moved further east and infilled and is the point of a

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Town railway station used to almost abut the site. At some point. Bagdale Beck was culverted, and whilst it still runs into the harbour, the point where it empties is not discernible. The yard was lost to the Coates family in 1759 through bankruptcy and was taken over by the Barry family.

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and was also a useful stop-off point for the resupply of ships. Given Whitby's status as a whaling port, and supply port, it developed a burgeoning ship and boat-building business that ranged from ocean-going barques, to small fishing cobles. One builder still exists in the town,

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The table below gives descriptions of the various ship and boat builders known to have existed in Whitby, though the list is not exhaustive. The image shows the relative timelines of each company, though it should be remembered that shipbuilding largely ended in 1902, but that

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During the 1790s, the ship- and boat-building industry in Whitby was at its zenith, with almost 12,000 tonnes (13,000 tons) of shipping launched in the year from 1790 to 1791. This made Whitby the third largest producer of shipping in Britain after London and Newcastle, with

40:, England between the 17th and 19th centuries. In 1792 and 1793, Whitby was the second largest ship-building port in England and Wales. Building continued throughout the 20th century but on a smaller scale both in terms of output and overall size of the vessels being built. 341:

tons), would not have been able to reach the upper harbour through the old bridge. Also during the First World War, the former Turnbull shipyard was sold to the Albion Trust who were hoping for a resurgence in shipbuilding at Whitby to support the war effort. In 1917, two

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But traces of shipbuilding can be found even further back; in 1301, the town was called upon to furnish a vessel for use against the Scots. Again in 1544, the town stated it would "provide ships for war", on condition that the harbour was repaired, and, in 1724,

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were on the eastern bank, and three others on the western bank of the river. One ropery, at Spital Bridge on the eastern side of the river, where the Spital Beck flows into the Esk, was over 380 yards (350 m) long. This was used up until just after the

1425:, but the ship was built in, and named after, Whitby. An area of Whitby to the south west of the town is known as Prospect Hill and was a viewpoint that offered travellers and sailors an extensive and commanding view of the harbour and the sea. The ship 72:

spread across different yards, though not all were in operation at the same time as each other. As some businesses went bankrupt, others assumed control of their yards, which led to some shipbuilders switching yards during the years of their operations.

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Commercial relations of the United States with foreign countries during the years 1887 and 1888. : (Annual reports from the consuls of the United States on the commerce, manufactures, industries, etc., of their several districts for the above

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The position of the town, being geographically hard to reach due to the surrounding moorland, meant that until the coming of the railways, the town was largely reliant on the sea for imports and trade. Whitby was a safe haven from storms in the

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to iron construction in 1870, which allowed for the closure of the Boghall site in 1899. Closure was precipitated by a downturn in business and a desire by shipowners to have ships that were larger than could exit the harbour at Whitby.

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Recorded as a company as far back as 1866. The company produced 91 tonnes (100 tons) of shipping in 1886, with evidence showing the company to still be operating in 1891, though probably only in repairs at the graving (dry) dock.

264:. It is believed that the 1759 act to provide a turnpike between Pickering and Whitby, was in part down to the necessity of transporting wood from the Pickering area to the Whitby Shipyards. The route still exists today as the 260:), was estimated to have been constructed from at least 200 mature oaks. As Whitby was isolated from the rest of Yorkshire by its surrounding moorland, transportation of the oaks was problematic as it took an old route over 981:

Operated by various concerns during its lifetime (Ingram Eskdale, Thomas Turnbull etc) the site was converted in the early part of the 21st century into a series of residential properties, some with access to the moorings.

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The company was started by Gideon Smales, and continued by his son and grandson, followed by other members of the family. Their shipyard was noted as being the one that constructed the last wooden sailing ship in Whitby,

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Timber yards were also one of the main functions of the town before the use of iron and steel in shipbuilding. Timber, hemp, flax and tar were all needed for the shipbuilding industry, and many of these came from the

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Young, writing in 1817, states that Hutchinson gave up his business "40 years ago", whereas White states that up to 1787, he was still building ships, though in a slightly different area than when he started in

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still existed as a company until the 1940s as a repair yard. Similarly, Parkol Marine started up in 1980, but did not start building boats until the late 1990s. Some yards possibly also diversified into

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In addition to the above, minor concerns that were in business for a short time (typically less than three years) were; Jonathan Lacey (1800–1803), Reynolds & Co. (1790) and William Simpson (1760).

4011: 672:; both of which were used in the historic voyages by Cook and his entourage to the Southern Seas. The site of the shipyard was infilled as part of the works for the railway in the 1840s. The old 355:

Many of the shipyards on the western bank of the River Esk have been lost, first under the railway, and during the latter half of the twentieth century, to a supermarket and marina development.

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The mass building of maritime vessels is recorded as having started around 1730, though this does not acknowledge the small-scale building of fishing cobles, which had been happening along the

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Throughout Whitby's early history, the town was a small collection of buildings clustered around the east cliff side of the present town, underneath the cliffs that held the church and

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The term 'Cat' could be seen as confusing, as at least two writers, Peter Moore and Karl Heinz, have identified differences between a 'Bark' and a 'Cat'. Three of Fishburn's vessels (

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Originally opened by William Coulson, the yard came into the possession of the Campion family, who, in 1842, went bankrupt. The yard was later acquired by Turnbull and Son in 1850.

381:, with one breakers known as Clarkson's operating between 1919 and 1921, though it is unknown if this is the same family who went on to make cobles between the 1930s and the 1970s. 53:, which up to 2019 had constructed over 40 trawlers and other ships, mainly for the fishing industry along the Yorkshire coast, and other businesses in the north-east of Scotland. 585:

sometime between 1733 and 1735. He died in 1750 and there is no record of anyone named Coulson carrying on the family business, although the yard survived in different ownership.

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In 1870, the yard of Turnbull and Son switched to constructing ships made of iron instead of wood. A year later in 1871, Turnbull's launched the first Whitby-built steamship, SS

212:...far from being an obscure business on a provincial river, Fishburn's shipyard was becoming something of a Georgian Cape Canaveral: a launch site for expeditions to new worlds. 694:

Hobkirks shipyard occupied land reclaimed from the Esk, which later became part of the railway dockside and later still, the marine development. Hobkirk's last shop was the

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Walker Sands, by Bagdale Beck mouth (Dock End). This is where the current quayside is on the left bank of the River Esk; in Coates' time, it was a sandbank at low tide.

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Whilst the list below is not exhaustive, it does cover some of the more notable ships to have been built in Whitby. Years in brackets are when the vessel was launched.

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Frank Meadow Sutcliffe, Hon. F.R.P.S. : Whitby and its people as seen by one of the founders of the naturalistic movement in photography. A selection of his work

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Cook was known to be familiar with these ships, having served on board several cats and barks as part of his apprenticeship during his early days in Whitby.

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around £2,200 to the port every year. This sum can be compared with the wages earned over one year for a captain of a ship (£131) and an able seaman (£43).

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visited the town and claimed Whitby as a place "....where they build very good ships for the Coal Trade, and many of them too, which makes the Town rich."

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The history of Whitby : and of Whitby Abbey. Collected from the original records of the Abbey, and other authentic memoirs, never before made public

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in a partnership with Reynolds during the 1790s. Holt and Richardson operated the ropery at Spital Bridge during the early years of the 19th century.

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Some of the concerns listed amalgamated or took on partners for certain jobs; these are listed if it is specific enough to warrant that information.

4099: 93:. Another tale involved a way to get alum cheaper locally than by importing it at a vastly increased price from Italy. This story relates that Sir 3683:"Genuki: Transcript of the entry for the Post Office, professions and trades for WHITBY in Bulmer's Directory of 1890., Yorkshire (North Riding)" 742:

Hutchinson was one of several who had a yard at Dock End and the site is believed to be where the present Angel Inn is located on New Quay Road.

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were chosen by Cook himself when they were tied up in Whitby. All three had originated in Fishburn's yard, an impact that Moore states as being

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Esk Valley Railway : a travellers' guide ; a description of the history and topography of the line between Whitby and Middlesbrough

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when the whole area was very poorly lit at night. The name Dock End is probably a mispronunciation of Dark End. Another alternative name was

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The Bagdale Beck end of the Upper Harbour at Whitby. This was the site of the Barrick, Barry and Coates shipyards and was known as Dock End.

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close to the coast in particular areas, such as fishing boats before the days of ocean-going trawlers. Boats are still made in Whitby by

1835: 961:

Builder of small ships such as motor vessels weighing up to 50 tonnes (55 tons). Was known to have been carrying out repairs in 1958.

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Barry's was a venture started by Robert Barry and managed by three generations of the Barry family. The yard was sold in 1845 to the

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The first name listed as being the occupier at Whitehall shipyard between Spital Bridge and Larpool on the eastern bank of the Esk.

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A history of Whitby, and Streoneshalh abbey ; with a statistical survey of the vicinity to the distance of twenty-five miles

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On the eastern bank of the Esk further downstream than the mouth of the Spital Beck. Owned by the Dock Company, but leased out.

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On the eastern bank of the Esk further downstream than the mouth of the Spital Beck. Owned by the Dock Company, but leased out.

4386: 1585: 458: 352:, an established repair and engineering business, started constructing small fishing vessels such as trawlers and seine craft. 169:

in England and Wales. (London and Hull were the other large ship-building towns in the last decade of the eighteenth century.)

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Three ships from the Fishburn yard are probably the most famous of those constructed at Whitby. Fishburn's specialised in the

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The voyages of Captain Cook : 101 questions and answers about the explorer and his three great scientific expeditions

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The width of the 1766 drawbridge was 32 feet (9.8 m) and its replacement swing bridge (1835) was 45 feet (14 m).

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Coal was traded through the port as far back as 1394, when the town was recorded as being a port for fish, coal and wool.

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created a decline in the shipbuilding industry in Whitby; however, by the 1830s, shipbuilding was on the increase again.

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Chapters of Whitby history, 1823-1946 : the story of Whitby Literary and Philosophical Society and of Whitby Museum

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Cato worked independently, but also as part of Eskdale, Smales & Cato (1803) and Eskdale Cato & Co (1803–1808).

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Whitehall Yard (see below), and a dry dock at Boghall, on the opposite (western) side of the River Esk near to

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The shipbuilding industry led to many other industries in the town such as rope-making and sail making. Two

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The ancient port of Whitby and its shipping : with some subjects of interest connected therewith

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Shipbuilding on an industrial scale seems to have commenced around 1717, when Jarvis Coates launched

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industry in Whitby (the 1790s), the town was ranked as the third largest boat building centre after

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between 1803 and 1828, though it was 1823 before the name was no longer listed as a shipbuilder.

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Clarkson's boat building yard was described as being 200 yards (180 m) south of Dock End.

462: 4718: 4119: 2828: 1118: 1110: 1027: 662: 142:, weighing 170 tonnes (190 tons), being constructed by Henry Potter and Christopher Bagwith. 3534: 3274: 3052: 2282: 2147: 2071: 4427: 1275: 1259: 1251: 1211: 1171: 1155: 1070: 1053: 1040: 812: 668: 422: 418:

Location shared with the Barry shipyard at the mouth of Bagdale Beck, (known as Dock End).

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The rise of the English shipping industry in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries

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The Langbourne's built a dry dock in their yard in 1760. Langbourne's yard built the

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MacMahon, Kenneth Austin (1964). "Roads and Turnpike Trusts in Eastern Yorkshire".

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MacMahon, Kenneth Austin (1964). "Roads and Turnpike Trusts in Eastern Yorkshire".

1717: 1686: 1227: 228:. At least four sailmakers were located in the town (usually in buildings known as 99: 4391: 4362: 1283: 884: 673: 332:, Tees and Humber rivers who had a plentiful supply of metals on their doorstep. 313: 225: 129: 37: 2440:"Scarborough Maritime Heritage Centre | Whitbys early history - a fishing town" 342: 293: 113: 4278: 3957:

The Rise of an Early Modern Shipping Industry; Whitby's Golden Fleet 1600-1750

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Whitby Shipbuilders Grid - a timeline showing the major shipbuilders in Whitby

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History, gazetteer, and directory, of the East and North Ridings of Yorkshire

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Boat building on a regular basis returned to Whitby in the late 1990s, when

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vessels were launched from Whitby, but no further building was undertaken.

241: 147: 82: 69: 646:, a collier ship with a flat bottom. In 1768, the admiralty purchased the 312:

A peace treaty signed between the warring parties at the cessation of the

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The General Carleton shipwreck, 1785 = Wrak statku General Carleton, 1785

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in 1826, despite having relinquished his business some 50 years earlier.

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Fryer, D H (1958). "Whitby Harbour". In Daysh, George Henry John (ed.).

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area, and it required a good number of oak trees per each ship built.

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Whitby Conservation Area – Character Appraisal & Management Plan

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Coaling, docking, and repairing facilities of the ports of the world

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Whitby & Robin Hood's Bay Shipbuilding and Graving Dock Company

268:. Timber was later also imported from Hull and other English ports. 4656: 4626: 4611: 4576: 4571: 4432: 613:

Ingram Eskdale built ships between 1787 and 1807. He also built as

89:, with one story suggesting that the supply was cut off during the 1861:

Barker, Rosalin (2003). "10.8: Whitby". In Butlin, Robin A (ed.).

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Rapid Coastal Zone Assessment East Yorkshire; Whitby to Reighton

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Shipbuilding in Britain : mainly between the two World Wars

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Timber was originally sourced from Yorkshire, probably from the

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Monkshaven on fire September 28, 1876. See listing under Smales

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Whitehall Yard - previously run by Whitby Shipbuilding Company

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Just upstream from Spital Bridge (east side of the River Esk)

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Ann Brassey's detailed account of the rescue of the crew of

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Endeavour. The Ship and the Attitude That Changed the World

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Downstream from Spital Bridge on the east bank of the Esk

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This diagram is not to scale and is representational only.

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A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain ... Vol. 2

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The Shipbuilding Industry; a Guide to Historical Records

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Spital Beck emptying into the River Esk at Spital Bridge

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Shipyard Sculpture with Parkol Marine in the background

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Occupied premises at Green Lane and Whitehall Shipyard

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which was bought by the Admiralty in 1775 and renamed

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Merchant Sailing Ships 1775-1815: Sovereignty of Sail

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Spencelayh built eleven ships between 1819 and 1835.

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launched in 1862 and weighing 444 tonnes (489 tons).

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A Maritime History of the Port of Whitby, 1700-1914

3830:"Records of Eskdale, Smales and Cato, Shipbuilders" 3401: 3300: 3242: 3213:"Records of Eskdale, Smales and Cato, Shipbuilders" 3159: 3123: 3111: 2995: 2978:"Records of Eskdale, Smales and Cato, Shipbuilders" 2696: 2672: 2374: 2210: 1995: 1894: 1716: 1685: 1629: 1566: 1440: 3855: 3276:"Archaeologists investigate Captain Cook shipyard" 2338: 1516:Barker and White refer to the yard as being spelt 1327:Shipyard Sculpture Whitby with Abbey in background 752:. He is listed as being among those who built the 556:roundabout and road junction. Part of the current 2658:(2 ed.). London: Rough Guides. p. 250. 2041: 2039: 2037: 1641: 1510: 1500: 745:Hutchinson sold his business to the Barry family 4772: 3495:"WRECKSITE - MONKSHAVEN BARQUE - BARK 1873-1876" 1544:. The crew were rescued by a steam yacht called 1540:whilst carrying coal from the United Kingdom to 1520:. Others, such as Bebb and Young refer to it as 1315:Former engine shed sited on a shipyard at Whitby 626:Thomas Fishburn (later Fishburn & Brodrick) 3733:"National Shipbuilders Security - Graces Guide" 660:taking her to Australia. Fishburn's also built 4290:(2 ed.). Whitby: Horne & Richardson. 4009: 3708:"Whitby Shipbuilding & Engineering Co Ltd" 2034: 2028: 1491: 941:Whitby Shipbuilding & Engineering Company 914:Located at the dry dock site on Church Street 4346: 3536:"Shipbuilding family's treasures up for sale" 3436:. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co. p. 41. 1836:"Nostalgia: Ancient rivalry of two sea ports" 782:Intrepid was a shipbuilding company based in 1429:was said to have been named after this area. 470:Campion (also Campion, Irving & Bilbie) 138:having been built in Whitby, with one ship, 4161:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 4125:(Report). London: University College London 4072:A survey of Whitby and the surrounding area 1955:"Parishes: Whitby | British History Online" 1457: 1136:in 1803 after being bought by the Admiralty 1059:in 1774 after being bought by the Admiralty 1046:in 1771 after being bought by the Admiralty 1033:in 1771 after being bought by the Admiralty 1020:in 1768 after being bought by the Admiralty 4353: 4339: 4232: 2864: 2013: 1749:"Genuki: WHITBY, Yorkshire (North Riding)" 1536:sank some 133 miles (214 km) east of 1482: 639:Turnbull family in the late 19th century. 16:Shipbuilders in Whitby, Yorkshire, England 4377:2021 North-East England shellfish die-off 4249: 4197:A History of Whitby & its Place Names 4010:Buglass, J & Brigham, T (June 2008). 3854:Brannigan, Caroline (21 September 2003). 3853: 3587: 3481: 3331: 2901: 2803: 2722:. Whitby: Sutcliffe Gallery. p. 15. 2616: 2045: 1929: 1612:"7 Differences Between a Ship and a Boat" 1454:, which indicates its repair yard status. 887:. They took over Whitehall yard in 1851. 858:, in 1871. The yard closed down in 1946. 829:East side of the Esk, near Spital Bridge 4033: 4021:(Report). Hull: Humber Field Archaeology 3613:"Thomas Turnbull and Son - Graces Guide" 2415: 2392: 2332: 2240: 2145: 999: 362: 270: 152: 105:The alum industry in Whitby was started 20: 4360: 4156: 3599: 3272: 3192:www.scarboroughsmaritimeheritage.org.uk 2444:www.scarboroughsmaritimeheritage.org.uk 2173: 421:Noted shipbuilders, examples being the 4773: 4310:Shipping page on Whitby Museum website 4194: 4175: 3992: 3954: 3935: 3919: 3816: 3141: 2964: 2852: 2815: 2791: 2742: 2690: 2641: 2535: 2368: 2356: 2204: 1941: 1900: 1888: 1860: 1772: 1722:"Saltwick Nab alum quarries (1017779)" 1635: 1572: 4334: 4285: 4268: 4213: 4137: 4117: 4069: 4050: 3907: 3804: 3756: 3431: 3419: 3370: 3358: 3343: 3260: 3248: 3236: 3174: 3153: 3129: 3117: 3079: 3014: 2952: 2906:. Barnsley: Wharncliffe. p. 19. 2754: 2705: 2678: 2653: 2512: 2500: 2463: 2380: 2320: 2308: 2280: 2268: 2228: 2216: 2146:Flanagan, Emily (20 September 2018). 2125:. London: Penguin Books. p. 17. 2120: 2001: 1978: 1917: 1786:"How alum shaped the Yorkshire coast" 1609: 304:, being less productive than Whitby. 32:was a staple part of the industry of 4288:A picture of Whitby and its environs 4086: 3973: 3883:"Work starts on housing development" 3407: 2926: 2766: 2717: 2344: 1647: 680:was built upon the former shipyard. 133:comparison to the fishing fleets at 2418:East Yorkshire Local History Series 2395:East Yorkshire Local History Series 1863:Historical atlas of North Yorkshire 1446:Dock End was historically known as 1339:Former Whitehall Shipyard at Whitby 833:tonnes (550 tons) in its dry dock. 786:who used a smaller site at Whitby. 13: 3434:Ships of discovery and exploration 3311:National Heritage List for England 1727:National Heritage List for England 1696:National Heritage List for England 590:Eskdale, Cato & Company (also 531:Clarkson's was noted for building 275:The principal shipyards in Whitby. 56:During the height of the ship and 14: 4812: 4303: 3959:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. 3834:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk 3712:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk 3273:Minting, Stuart (29 March 2013). 3217:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk 2982:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk 2882:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk 2517:. Sheffield: White. p. 502. 2281:Lewis, Stephen (29 August 2011). 2050:. London: Conway Maritime Press. 188:) were all purchased and renamed 4074:. Eton: Shakespeare Head Press. 3976:Life in Regency Whitby 1811–1820 3940:. Oxfordshire: Barracuda Books. 3875: 3847: 3822: 3773: 3750: 3725: 3700: 3675: 3652: 3630: 3605: 3555: 3527: 3512: 3487: 3450: 3425: 3376: 2771:. Stroud: Amberley. p. 18. 1865:. Otley: Westbury. p. 211. 1392: 1380: 1368: 1356: 1344: 1332: 1320: 1308: 934:National Shipbuilders Securities 30:Ship and boat building in Whitby 4118:Jones, Stephanie Karen (1982). 3519:"Shipwrecks and Loss of Life". 3294: 3266: 3205: 3180: 3085: 3045: 3020: 2970: 2920: 2895: 2870: 2821: 2760: 2711: 2647: 2621:. Stroud: Amberley. p. 8. 2610: 2594:"The Trade of Whitby in 1884". 2587: 2564: 2548:"Iron Shipbuilding at Whitby". 2541: 2506: 2469: 2432: 2409: 2386: 2274: 2234: 2167: 2139: 2114: 2089: 2064: 1983:. London: S Birt. p. 656. 1972: 1947: 1854: 1828: 1803: 1778: 1741: 1710: 978:At Larpool on the eastern side 335: 307: 123: 4781:1717 establishments in England 3432:Paine, Lincoln Paxton (2000). 1679: 1653: 1603: 1578: 455:York and North Midland Railway 1: 3993:Browne, Horace Baker (1946). 3857:"Buoyed by the bay of plenty" 3093:"Around the US with the Orrs" 1559: 1363:Parkol Marine shipyard Whitby 969: 951: 944: 932:Taken over and closed by the 906: 899: 841: 794: 771: 764: 746: 734: 727: 706: 629: 602: 569: 543: 520: 513: 493: 473: 441: 409: 106: 98:Italian product. This led to 76: 4382:Coastal erosion in Yorkshire 4273:. Whitby: Clark & Medd. 4233:Weatherill, Richard (1908). 4087:Hall, Chris (January 2013). 4019:archaeologydataservice.ac.uk 2656:The rough guide to Yorkshire 2101:archaeologydataservice.ac.uk 923:Whitby Shipbuilding Company 581:Coulson came to Whitby from 157:Old Sail Loft, Spital Bridge 7: 4252:An A to Z of Whitby History 4237:. Whitby: Horne & Son. 4178:Whitby; a Pictorial History 2571:"Ship Building at Whitby". 2241:Ossowski, Waldemar (2008). 2046:MacGregor, David R (1985). 1404: 619:Eskdale, Cato & Company 463:Whitby Town railway station 457:company (later part of the 450:West side of the River Esk 358: 68:. The town had at least 20 10: 4817: 4801:Economy of North Yorkshire 4218:. Chichester: Phillimore. 4180:. Chichester: Phillimore. 4157:Ritchie, L A, ed. (1992). 3997:. Hull: Brown & Sons. 3978:. York: William Sessions. 3929: 3563:"A part of town's history" 2180:. London: Conway. p. 2029:Buglass & Brigham 2008 1301: 877:Thomas Turnbull & Son 4747: 4711: 4675: 4518: 4462: 4446: 4405: 4387:Marine conservation zones 4369: 4142:. London: PenGuin Books. 4034:Charlton, Lionel (1779). 3054:"Heroes of the cruel sea" 2718:Shaw, Bill Eglon (1974). 2617:Wilkinson, Colin (2016). 2174:Cornish, Anthony (2008). 2076:www.hmbarkendeavour.co.uk 1959:www.british-history.ac.uk 1375:Shipyard Sculpture plaque 1351:Shipyard Sculpture Whitby 615:Eskdale Smales & Cato 596:Eskdale Smales & Cato 350:Parkol Marine Engineering 4250:Whitworth, Alan (2002). 4098:(Report). Archived from 3955:Barker, Rosalin (2011). 3936:Barker, Rosalin (1990). 3785:www.teesbuiltships.co.uk 3462:www.teesbuiltships.co.uk 2902:Whitworth, Alan (1998). 2829:"Ship breaking Industry" 2477:"Point 1 - Shipbuilding" 1665:Archaeology Data Service 1433: 992: 656:, with a young seafarer 4703:Skinningrove Steelworks 3974:Bebb, Prudence (2000). 2933:humanities.exeter.ac.uk 2619:Whitby between the wars 2513:White, William (1840). 1590:www.merriam-webster.com 4683:Easington Gas Terminal 4286:Young, George (1840). 4269:Young, George (1817). 4214:White, Andrew (1993). 4195:Waters, Colin (2011). 4176:Waters, Colin (1992). 3757:Jones, Leslie (1957). 2929:"University of Exeter" 1979:Defoe, Daniel (1753). 1005: 368: 280: 240:via ships. But as the 214: 158: 26: 4791:Ships built in Whitby 4138:Moore, Peter (2019). 4051:Davis, Ralph (2012). 3737:www.gracesguide.co.uk 3617:www.gracesguide.co.uk 2833:www.naval-history.net 2121:Truss, Lynne (2016). 1616:www.marineinsight.com 1039:(1770), which became 1037:Marquis of Rockingham 1003: 691:West side of the Esk 461:), who built the new 459:North Eastern Railway 366: 274: 210: 186:Marquis of Rockingham 156: 24: 4796:English shipbuilders 4786:Shipyards of England 4698:Whitby Ship-building 4199:. Stroud: Amberley. 3521:The Manchester Times 2767:Cook, Robin (2013). 1840:The Scarborough News 703:Holt and Richardson 423:Isabella (1827 ship) 4495:Saltburn-by-the-Sea 4216:A History of Whitby 3388:berwickshipyard.com 3384:"From Boom to Bust" 3032:TrawlerPictures.net 2955:, pp. 243–244. 2769:Whitby through time 2654:Simon, Jos (2015). 2466:, pp. 149–152. 2323:, pp. 207–208. 610:Whitehall Shipyard 395:Dates of operation 388: 4688:Redcar Steel Works 4096:scarborough.gov.uk 4038:. London: A Ward. 3938:The Book of Whitby 3887:The Whitby Gazette 3567:The Whitby Gazette 3541:The Yorkshire Post 3097:The Whitby Gazette 3059:The Yorkshire Post 2927:Robinson, Debbie. 1427:Prospect of Whitby 1411:Prospect of Whitby 1006: 784:Berwick-upon-Tweed 653:HMS Bark Endeavour 431:Regret (1814 ship) 387: 369: 281: 159: 27: 4768: 4767: 4597:Marske-by-the-Sea 4397:Yorkshire fishery 4254:. Whitby: Culva. 4206:978-1-4456-0429-9 4149:978-1-78470-392-9 4105:on 31 August 2021 4062:978-0-9864973-8-4 3966:978-1-84383-631-5 3687:www.genuki.org.uk 3281:The Northern Echo 3099:. 16 January 2012 3061:. 27 October 2006 2573:The Northern Echo 2503:, pp. 67–68. 2154:The Northern Echo 1753:www.genuki.org.uk 1610:Kantharia, Rank. 1024:Marquis of Granby 986: 985: 427:Lotus (1826 ship) 279: 262:Lockton High Moor 254:Marquis of Granby 250:Vale of Pickering 182:Marquis of Granby 4808: 4739:Westermost Rough 4617:Robin Hood's Bay 4355: 4348: 4341: 4332: 4331: 4325:Earl of Pembroke 4299: 4282: 4265: 4246: 4229: 4210: 4191: 4172: 4153: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4124: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4104: 4093: 4083: 4066: 4047: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4016: 4006: 3989: 3970: 3951: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3879: 3873: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3859: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3826: 3820: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3754: 3748: 3747: 3745: 3743: 3729: 3723: 3722: 3720: 3718: 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1759: 1745: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1718:Historic England 1714: 1708: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1687:Historic England 1683: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1657: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1582: 1576: 1570: 1553: 1531: 1525: 1514: 1508: 1504: 1498: 1495: 1489: 1486: 1480: 1461: 1455: 1444: 1396: 1384: 1372: 1360: 1348: 1336: 1324: 1312: 1011:Earl of Pembroke 974: 971: 956: 953: 949: 946: 911: 908: 904: 901: 863:John Spencelayh 846: 843: 799: 796: 776: 773: 769: 766: 751: 748: 739: 736: 732: 729: 711: 708: 650:and renamed her 648:Earl of Pembroke 634: 631: 607: 604: 574: 571: 548: 545: 525: 522: 518: 515: 498: 495: 478: 475: 446: 443: 414: 411: 389: 386: 277: 178:Earl of Pembroke 163:William and Jane 135:Robin Hood's Bay 111: 108: 100:Pope Clement III 4816: 4815: 4811: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4806: 4805: 4771: 4770: 4769: 4764: 4743: 4707: 4671: 4514: 4458: 4442: 4401: 4392:Yorkshire coast 4365: 4363:Yorkshire coast 4359: 4306: 4262: 4226: 4207: 4188: 4169: 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2020: 2014:Weatherill 1908 2012: 2008: 2000: 1996: 1977: 1973: 1963: 1961: 1953: 1952: 1948: 1940: 1936: 1928: 1924: 1916: 1907: 1899: 1895: 1887: 1880: 1873: 1859: 1855: 1845: 1843: 1842:. 20 March 2018 1834: 1833: 1829: 1819: 1817: 1809: 1808: 1804: 1794: 1792: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1771: 1767: 1757: 1755: 1747: 1746: 1742: 1732: 1730: 1715: 1711: 1701: 1699: 1684: 1680: 1670: 1668: 1659: 1658: 1654: 1646: 1642: 1634: 1630: 1620: 1618: 1608: 1604: 1594: 1592: 1584: 1583: 1579: 1571: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1556: 1532: 1528: 1515: 1511: 1505: 1501: 1496: 1492: 1487: 1483: 1462: 1458: 1445: 1441: 1436: 1413:- a pub on the 1407: 1400: 1397: 1388: 1385: 1376: 1373: 1364: 1361: 1352: 1349: 1340: 1337: 1328: 1325: 1316: 1313: 1304: 1299: 1129:(1799), became 1052:(1774), became 1026:(1770), became 1013:(1764), became 995: 972: 966:Whitehall Yard 954: 947: 929:Whitehall Yard 909: 902: 885:Larpool Viaduct 844: 797: 774: 767: 749: 737: 730: 709: 674:grade II listed 632: 617:in 1803 and as 605: 572: 546: 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3622:19 October 3573:21 October 3547:21 October 3504:21 October 3467:22 October 3420:White 1993 3393:5 November 3371:Young 1817 3359:Jones 1982 3344:Jones 1982 3317:19 October 3286:19 October 3261:Young 1840 3249:Moore 2019 3237:Jones 1982 3222:7 November 3197:24 October 3175:White 1993 3154:Young 1817 3130:Moore 2019 3118:White 1993 3103:31 October 3080:Fryer 1958 3065:31 October 3037:31 October 3015:White 1993 2987:28 October 2953:Young 1840 2938:5 November 2887:18 October 2755:Fryer 1958 2706:White 1993 2679:White 1993 2501:Davis 2012 2464:Jones 1982 2449:25 October 2381:Moore 2019 2321:Young 1840 2309:Young 1817 2294:21 October 2289:York Press 2269:Young 1817 2229:Moore 2019 2217:Moore 2019 2159:27 October 2106:27 October 2081:27 October 2002:Davis 2012 1964:19 October 1918:Young 1817 1846:19 October 1820:18 October 1795:18 October 1758:18 October 1733:18 October 1702:18 October 1621:18 October 1595:18 October 1560:References 1542:Valparaiso 1538:Montevideo 1472:, such as 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Ship and boat building in Whitby

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