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Shi (poetry)

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41: 1263: 520: 1251: 682:, which means "Modern Poetry", was actually composed from the 5th century onwards and is considered to have been fully developed by the early Tang dynasty. The works were principally written in five- and seven-character lines and involve constrained 659:
It may also be used strictly to refer to poems in the styles of the Confucian classic, regardless of their time of composition. Owing to the variety of pieces included in the
1204: 1211: 617:, which means "Ancient Poetry", may be used in either of two senses. It may be used broadly to refer to the ancient poetry of China, chiefly the mostly 1187: 663:, there are few formal constraints apart from line length (usually four characters and no more than seven) and rhyming every other line. 728:
in their interior couplets: a theme developed in one couplet would be contrasted in the following one, usually by means of the same
957: 479:". This use is not common within Chinese literature, however, which instead classifies these poems into other categories such as 926: 893: 868: 843: 1072: 769: 774: 764: 537: 338: 234: 141: 48: 1283: 551: 250: 157: 64: 996: 950: 687: 1241: 822: 484: 1093: 980: 480: 444: 433: 429: 943: 370: 348: 1182: 885: 860: 725: 352: 985: 1131: 1014: 257: 241: 8: 1086: 1079: 756: 452: 440: 1058: 1009: 889: 864: 839: 626: 524: 424: 374: 746: 706: 1228: 393: 283: 190: 97: 164: 148: 966: 797: 729: 691: 618: 607: 583: 404: 304: 211: 118: 465: 1277: 1255: 1267: 1100: 793: 683: 653: 640: 569: 460: 290: 197: 104: 1158: 1144: 1137: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 649: 475: 470: 448: 416: 412: 1114: 1004: 814: 751: 387: 379: 71: 55: 622: 420: 922:, a collection of Chinese poems with pinyin and parallel translation 836:
Chinese Lyricism: Shih Poetry from the Second to the Twelfth Century
519: 40: 1107: 672: 712: 935: 695: 635: 631: 1250: 918: 1065: 818: 801: 437: 397: 1165: 741: 700: 645: 488: 1205:
Sunflower Splendor: Three Thousand Years of Chinese Poetry
428:. This anthology included both aristocratic poems (the " 436:") and more rustic works believed to have derived from 882:
Chinese Poetry: An Anthology of Major Modes and Genres
1239: 588: 574: 309: 295: 216: 202: 123: 109: 459:" poetry is contrasted with other forms such as the 1212:
The Columbia Anthology of Modern Chinese Literature
415:for a specific poetic tradition, modeled after the 1275: 951: 556: 542: 385: 377: 255: 239: 162: 146: 69: 53: 25: 724:were usually understood to further require 958: 944: 39: 838:. Columbia Univ. Press (New York), 1971. 874: 698:. The principal forms are the four-line 630:, the separate tradition exemplified by 1276: 857:The Flowering Plum and the Palace Lady 327:This article is about the category of 939: 929:", an introduction to regulated verse 849: 716:. In addition to the tonal patterns, 403:In Western analysis of the styles of 331:poetry in Western literary criticism. 400:generally and across all languages. 347:in Japanese literary criticism, see 828: 337:in Chinese literary criticism, see 13: 965: 907:. Penguin Books (Baltimore), 1970. 14: 1295: 911: 905:The Penguin Book of Chinese Verse 796:romanization system developed by 1261: 1249: 518: 1073:New Songs from the Jade Terrace 770:Classical Chinese poetry genres 807: 786: 775:List of Chinese-language poets 765:Classical Chinese poetry forms 589: 575: 557: 543: 339:Classical Chinese poetry forms 310: 296: 256: 240: 217: 203: 163: 147: 124: 110: 70: 54: 1: 1183:Chinese poems (category list) 780: 7: 735: 666: 10: 1300: 823:English-speaking countries 686:, intended to balance the 670: 605: 455:lines. In such analysis, " 326: 1221: 1196: 1175: 1124: 1048: 994: 973: 800:in the 1950s and used by 600: 596: 582: 568: 564: 550: 536: 517: 513: 506: 485:Fields and Gardens poetry 447:"). They are composed in 386: 378: 321: 303: 289: 282: 277: 273: 265: 249: 233: 228: 210: 196: 189: 184: 180: 172: 156: 140: 135: 117: 103: 96: 91: 87: 79: 63: 47: 38: 34: 26: 20: 1094:Three Hundred Tang Poems 981:Classical Chinese poetry 817:system formerly used by 538:Traditional Chinese 499: 494: 481:classical Chinese poetry 235:Traditional Chinese 142:Traditional Chinese 49:Traditional Chinese 1188:List of poems (article) 552:Simplified Chinese 419:works collected in the 349:Japanese Chinese poetry 251:Simplified Chinese 158:Simplified Chinese 65:Simplified Chinese 353:modern Japanese poetry 343:For the categories of 1176:Individual poems list 986:Modern Chinese poetry 1284:Chinese poetry forms 1132:Antithetical couplet 1015:Six Dynasties poetry 903:Davis, Albert (ed.) 884:. Duke Univ. Press ( 859:. Yale Univ. Press ( 710:, and the unlimited 1197:Modern compilations 1087:Complete Tang Poems 1080:Nineteen Old Poems 489:"curtailed" poetry 411:is also used as a 333:For categories of 1237: 1236: 1059:Classic of Poetry 704:, the eight-line 648:collected by the 627:Classic of Poetry 621:collected in the 604: 603: 451:, mostly in four- 425:Classic of Poetry 325: 324: 317: 316: 284:Standard Mandarin 224: 223: 191:Standard Mandarin 131: 130: 98:Standard Mandarin 1291: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1254: 1253: 1245: 1229:Cantonese poetry 960: 953: 946: 937: 936: 897: 878: 872: 853: 847: 834:Watson, Burton. 832: 826: 811: 805: 804:since the 2000s. 790: 761: 592: 591: 578: 577: 560: 559: 546: 545: 522: 504: 503: 391: 390: 383: 382: 313: 312: 299: 298: 275: 274: 261: 260: 245: 244: 220: 219: 206: 205: 182: 181: 168: 167: 152: 151: 127: 126: 113: 112: 89: 88: 75: 74: 59: 58: 43: 29: 28: 18: 17: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1293: 1292: 1290: 1289: 1288: 1274: 1273: 1272: 1262: 1260: 1248: 1240: 1238: 1233: 1222:Regional styles 1217: 1192: 1171: 1120: 1051:and collections 1050: 1044: 990: 969: 964: 933: 914: 900: 879: 875: 855:Frankel, Hans. 854: 850: 833: 829: 812: 808: 791: 787: 783: 759: 738: 730:parts of speech 675: 669: 619:anonymous works 610: 532: 502: 497: 449:ancient Chinese 356: 342: 332: 266:Literal meaning 173:Literal meaning 80:Literal meaning 12: 11: 5: 1297: 1287: 1286: 1271: 1270: 1258: 1235: 1234: 1232: 1231: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1218: 1216: 1215: 1208: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1193: 1191: 1190: 1185: 1179: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1170: 1169: 1162: 1155: 1148: 1141: 1134: 1128: 1126: 1122: 1121: 1119: 1118: 1111: 1104: 1097: 1090: 1083: 1076: 1069: 1062: 1054: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1043: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1010:Jian'an poetry 1007: 1001: 999: 992: 991: 989: 988: 983: 977: 975: 971: 970: 967:Chinese poetry 963: 962: 955: 948: 940: 931: 930: 923: 913: 912:External links 910: 909: 908: 899: 898: 873: 848: 827: 806: 798:mainland China 784: 782: 779: 778: 777: 772: 767: 762: 754: 749: 744: 737: 734: 692:Middle Chinese 671:Main article: 668: 665: 608:Gushi (poetry) 606:Main article: 602: 601: 598: 597: 594: 593: 586: 580: 579: 572: 566: 565: 562: 561: 554: 548: 547: 540: 534: 533: 527:character for 523: 515: 514: 511: 510: 501: 498: 496: 493: 405:Chinese poetry 323: 322: 319: 318: 315: 314: 307: 301: 300: 293: 287: 286: 280: 279: 278:Transcriptions 271: 270: 267: 263: 262: 253: 247: 246: 237: 231: 230: 226: 225: 222: 221: 214: 208: 207: 200: 194: 193: 187: 186: 185:Transcriptions 178: 177: 176:ancient poetry 174: 170: 169: 160: 154: 153: 144: 138: 137: 133: 132: 129: 128: 121: 115: 114: 107: 101: 100: 94: 93: 92:Transcriptions 85: 84: 81: 77: 76: 67: 61: 60: 51: 45: 44: 36: 35: 32: 31: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1296: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1279: 1269: 1259: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1214: 1213: 1209: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1201: 1199: 1195: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1178: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1163: 1161: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1153: 1149: 1147: 1146: 1142: 1140: 1139: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1129: 1127: 1123: 1117: 1116: 1112: 1110: 1109: 1105: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1082: 1081: 1077: 1075: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1061: 1060: 1056: 1055: 1053: 1047: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1002: 1000: 998: 993: 987: 984: 982: 979: 978: 976: 972: 968: 961: 956: 954: 949: 947: 942: 941: 938: 934: 928: 924: 921: 920: 919:Chinese Poems 916: 915: 906: 902: 901: 895: 894:0-8223-1946-2 891: 887: 883: 880:Yip Wai-lim. 877: 870: 869:0-300-02242-5 866: 862: 858: 852: 845: 844:0-231-03464-4 841: 837: 831: 824: 820: 816: 813:Based on the 810: 803: 799: 795: 792:Based on the 789: 785: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 739: 733: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 714: 709: 708: 703: 702: 697: 693: 689: 685: 684:tone patterns 681: 680: 674: 664: 662: 657: 655: 651: 647: 643: 642: 637: 633: 629: 628: 624: 620: 616: 615: 609: 599: 595: 587: 585: 581: 573: 571: 567: 563: 555: 553: 549: 541: 539: 535: 530: 526: 521: 516: 512: 509: 505: 492: 490: 486: 482: 478: 477: 472: 468: 467: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 439: 435: 431: 427: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 401: 399: 396:word for all 395: 389: 381: 376: 372: 371:romanizations 368: 367: 362: 361: 354: 350: 346: 340: 336: 330: 320: 311:chin-t'i shih 308: 306: 302: 294: 292: 288: 285: 281: 276: 272: 269:modern poetry 268: 264: 259: 254: 252: 248: 243: 238: 236: 232: 227: 215: 213: 209: 201: 199: 195: 192: 188: 183: 179: 175: 171: 166: 161: 159: 155: 150: 145: 143: 139: 134: 122: 120: 116: 108: 106: 102: 99: 95: 90: 86: 82: 78: 73: 68: 66: 62: 57: 52: 50: 46: 42: 37: 33: 23: 19: 16: 1210: 1203: 1164: 1157: 1151: 1150: 1143: 1136: 1113: 1106: 1101:Wangchuan ji 1099: 1092: 1085: 1078: 1071: 1064: 1057: 1049:Poetry works 932: 917: 904: 881: 876: 856: 851: 835: 830: 809: 794:Hanyu Pinyin 788: 760:(in Chinese) 721: 717: 711: 705: 699: 694:within each 678: 677: 676: 660: 658: 654:Music Bureau 641:Songs of Chu 639: 625: 613: 612: 611: 570:Hanyu Pinyin 528: 507: 474: 464: 456: 423: 408: 402: 365: 364: 359: 358: 357: 344: 334: 328: 291:Hanyu Pinyin 198:Hanyu Pinyin 105:Hanyu Pinyin 21: 15: 1125:Major forms 1040:Qing poetry 1035:Ming poetry 1030:Yuan poetry 1025:Song poetry 1020:Tang poetry 726:parallelism 417:Old Chinese 413:term of art 1115:Zhuying ji 1005:Han poetry 995:Poetry by 974:Major eras 815:Wade-Giles 781:References 752:Yongwu shi 688:four tones 644:, and the 584:Wade–Giles 531:("poetry") 525:Large seal 469:" and the 463:-derived " 441:folk songs 305:Wade–Giles 212:Wade–Giles 119:Wade–Giles 888:), 1997. 863:), 1978. 861:New Haven 623:Confucian 453:character 421:Confucian 375:character 1278:Category 1108:Wen Xuan 927:Jintishi 736:See also 679:Jintishi 673:Jintishi 667:Jintishi 434:Eulogies 297:jìntǐshī 229:Jintishi 1242:Portals 997:dynasty 696:couplet 661:Classic 636:Song Yu 632:Qu Yuan 590:ku-shih 432:" and " 394:Chinese 373:of the 218:ku-shih 1256:Poetry 1066:Chu Ci 892:  886:Durham 867:  842:  819:Taiwan 802:Taiwan 487:, and 473:-era " 443:(the " 438:Huaxia 398:poetry 392:, the 83:poetry 1268:China 1166:yuefu 757:Gushi 747:Lüshi 742:Jueju 722:pailü 718:lüshi 713:pailü 707:lüshi 701:jueju 646:works 614:Gushi 576:gǔshī 508:Gushi 500:Gushi 495:Forms 430:Hymns 204:gǔshī 136:Gushi 890:ISBN 865:ISBN 840:ISBN 821:and 720:and 634:and 445:Odes 369:are 366:shih 363:and 351:and 125:shih 1152:shi 690:of 656:". 650:Han 638:'s 529:shi 471:Han 461:Chu 457:shi 409:shi 360:Shi 345:shi 335:shi 329:shi 258:近体诗 242:近體詩 111:shī 22:Shī 1280:: 1159:qu 1145:fu 1138:ci 732:. 558:古诗 544:古詩 491:. 483:, 476:fu 466:cí 407:, 165:古诗 149:古詩 1244:: 959:e 952:t 945:v 925:" 896:. 871:. 846:. 825:. 652:" 388:诗 384:/ 380:詩 355:. 341:. 72:诗 56:詩 30:) 27:诗 24:(

Index

Deeds of the Zen Masters: Hanshan and Shide. (Handscroll, 35.0 by 49.5 centimeters (13.8 in × 19.5 in). Ink on paper. Tokyo National Museum in Tokyo, Japan.)
Traditional Chinese

Simplified Chinese

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Wade–Giles
Traditional Chinese
古詩
Simplified Chinese
古诗
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Wade–Giles
Traditional Chinese
近體詩
Simplified Chinese
近体诗
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Wade–Giles
Classical Chinese poetry forms
Japanese Chinese poetry
modern Japanese poetry
romanizations
character


Chinese

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