453:
46:
1373:
62:
268:
1379:
2118:
3531:
2021:
1053:
296:
3524:
69:
351:
The public structures formed what author Arthur Segal has called a kind of "imported façade". The rest of the urban architecture was modest and vernacular. The city was never completed as building seems to have stopped abruptly after the death of Philip in 249.
292:. The contemporary community that was replaced with the new construction was so insignificant that one author states that the city can be considered to have been built on virgin soil, making it the last of the Roman cities founded in the East.
418:
Because it was far from population centers that would have required cut stone for building and might have quarried it from those deserted in
Philippopolis, Shahba today contains well-preserved ruins of the ancient Roman city.
1319:
1686:
3967:
1576:
837:
capitals at the southern gate documented the continuing cultural influence of
Nabateans in the region, long after their political influence succumbed to Roman
1868:
1461:
1344:
879:
The literature is summarized in Marie-Henriette Quet, "Le
Triptolème de la mosaïque dite d'Aiôn et l'affirmation identitaire héllène à Shahba-Philippopolis"
310:
The city was renamed
Philippopolis (a name with homonyms) in dedication to the emperor, who is said to have wanted to turn his native city into a replica of
1339:
1923:
1681:
1636:
3287:
1431:
1334:
1309:
1249:
452:
1788:
1778:
1521:
1511:
1496:
1269:
1109:
1041:
1898:
1768:
1591:
1304:
400:
1963:
1958:
1928:
1917:
1893:
1666:
1656:
1631:
1606:
1476:
1456:
1426:
1244:
1099:
1828:
1748:
1676:
1651:
1486:
1471:
1274:
1264:
3962:
1938:
1858:
1763:
1646:
1566:
1506:
1354:
1144:
1119:
1987:
1953:
1933:
1823:
1783:
1753:
1691:
1661:
1641:
1601:
1279:
1254:
1194:
1179:
1134:
93:
1968:
1948:
1793:
1743:
1596:
1329:
1314:
1129:
1019:
2009:
1943:
1798:
1671:
1586:
1571:
1536:
1481:
1104:
430:, discovered in 1952 in the so-called "Maison Aoua", is conserved today in the museum of Damascus and has proved a rich resource for
3972:
1561:
1446:
1234:
1204:
1189:
1139:
1114:
908:
3280:
1209:
2949:
348:) surrounded by a great wall with ceremonial gates, were laid out and built following the grid plan of a typical Roman city.
1034:
947:. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft.
3982:
45:
3430:
769:
3273:
952:
814:
This, the last of the Syrian theatres, was examined in a detailed monograph by Pierre Coupel and Edmond Frézouls,
477:
1027:
990:
3977:
2764:
2002:
1378:
1372:
61:
2017:
3929:
3376:
930:, vol. 2, p. 215; vol. 3, p. 273; vol. 4, p. 280; vol. 5, p. 314; vol. 6, p. 337
3936:
1049:
286:. After Philip became emperor in 244 CE, he dedicated himself to rebuilding the little community as a
329:
3957:
1995:
1349:
407:
population consisting of 8 households and 3 bachelors, who paid a fixed tax rate of 40% on wheat,
3725:
3605:
3154:
2025:
3569:
2814:
2305:
1057:
473:
227:
146:
2033:
779:
141:
314:
herself. A hexagonal-style temple and an open-air place of worship of local style, called a
3144:
1298:
944:
Historical
Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century
8:
2989:
1392:
981:
464:
populations moved into the area. A Christian presence exists in the city to the present.
2117:
3404:
3386:
3350:
3322:
2864:
2824:
2126:
1184:
895:
153:
355:
The new city followed the extremely regular Roman grid-plan, with the main colonnaded
3745:
3701:
3585:
3559:
3422:
3164:
3084:
3024:
2929:
2604:
976:
948:
370:
364:
868:
850:
Segal 1981:108; the architectural vocabulary of
Philippopolis is discussed in pages.
3696:
3635:
3564:
3109:
2809:
2639:
2295:
2230:
2225:
1714:
441:
3650:
3595:
3453:
3296:
3114:
3104:
2954:
2799:
2644:
2594:
2360:
2350:
2345:
1516:
1070:
942:
316:
288:
283:
203:
158:
3823:
3335:
2879:
2739:
2734:
2719:
2589:
2534:
774:
754:
321:
243:
239:
223:
3951:
3829:
3630:
3412:
3244:
3234:
3194:
3124:
3069:
2994:
2924:
2909:
2844:
2784:
2754:
2549:
2519:
2454:
2404:
1581:
1531:
1436:
1149:
1005:
992:
680:
383:
280:
108:
95:
3859:
3739:
3660:
3300:
3265:
3239:
3139:
3079:
3074:
3034:
2964:
2959:
2914:
2849:
2714:
2694:
2674:
2619:
2509:
2494:
2489:
2464:
2424:
2260:
2235:
2205:
2185:
2140:
1863:
1773:
1625:
1526:
438:
235:
250:, the city was the seat of a Bishopric (see below), which remains a Latin
3463:
3368:
3330:
3209:
3204:
3119:
3004:
2979:
2934:
2889:
2724:
2704:
2649:
2584:
2554:
2479:
2469:
2335:
2300:
2155:
2097:
2057:
1852:
1833:
1174:
431:
426:. The especially rich iconography of the figurative mosaic on the theme,
251:
3907:
267:
3509:
3486:
3254:
3214:
3199:
3184:
3029:
2969:
2859:
2854:
2779:
2744:
2634:
2539:
2449:
2434:
2399:
2370:
2365:
2195:
2180:
2102:
2067:
1817:
1441:
1414:
1324:
1259:
909:"In Shadow of War, Syrian Christians are Trying to Rebuild Their Lives"
3733:
3676:
3340:
3249:
3229:
2999:
2944:
2894:
2819:
2769:
2759:
2749:
2669:
2624:
2579:
2574:
2564:
2499:
2429:
2355:
2325:
2315:
2310:
2220:
2200:
2190:
2135:
1555:
1168:
834:
300:
188:
3530:
3854:
3780:
3615:
3491:
3481:
3471:
3445:
3394:
3358:
3174:
3169:
3159:
3149:
3129:
3044:
3019:
2974:
2919:
2899:
2884:
2869:
2839:
2829:
2804:
2729:
2699:
2689:
2664:
2609:
2559:
2529:
2524:
2474:
2409:
2380:
2275:
2087:
2047:
838:
337:
219:
3901:
3870:
3817:
3797:
3681:
3610:
3590:
3554:
3134:
3099:
3094:
3054:
3039:
3009:
2904:
2874:
2789:
2659:
2629:
2599:
2569:
2544:
2504:
2484:
2439:
2390:
2375:
2330:
2290:
2280:
2270:
2265:
2255:
2250:
2175:
2170:
2082:
1736:
1491:
1466:
1451:
1421:
422:
A museum located in the city exhibits some beautiful examples of
325:
295:
165:
3523:
412:
3893:
3882:
3811:
3786:
3767:
3756:
3720:
3691:
3686:
3640:
3539:
3501:
3224:
3179:
3089:
3064:
3059:
3049:
3014:
2984:
2834:
2794:
2774:
2684:
2654:
2419:
2320:
2285:
2245:
2240:
2215:
2165:
2150:
2145:
2107:
2042:
1887:
1228:
1199:
1124:
423:
408:
404:
395:
386:
333:
211:
17:
279:
settlement now named Shahba had been the native hamlet of the
3848:
3840:
3775:
3750:
3645:
3625:
3600:
3476:
3435:
3219:
3189:
2709:
2679:
2614:
2514:
2444:
2414:
2092:
2077:
2052:
2020:
1758:
1501:
1239:
1052:
461:
357:
276:
231:
3864:
3805:
3620:
2939:
2210:
2160:
2072:
2062:
368:
at right angles near the center. Lesser streets marked off
311:
304:
2459:
336:
blocks, a large structure that has been interpreted as a
411:, summer crops, goats and/or beehives; a total of 5,050
374:, many of which never saw houses constructed upon them.
798:
Arthur Segal, "Roman Cities in the
Province of Arabia"
800:
The
Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
218:) is a city located 87 km (54 mi) south of
963:
940:
941:Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977).
818:(Paris, 1956); an extended review by John Eames in
3949:
825:.1/2 (1960:273–274) serves as an abstract of it.
3968:Archaeological sites in as-Suwayda Governorate
3281:
2003:
1035:
3295:
977:GCatholic - (former &) titular bishopric
3288:
3274:
2010:
1996:
1042:
1028:
377:
859:Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 218.
451:
294:
266:
3309:With correspondence to modern geography
935:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae
3950:
16:For the city nicknamed al-Shahba, see
3269:
1991:
1712:
1390:
1068:
1023:
816:Le Théâtre de Philippopolis en Arabie
1713:
1391:
50:The Philippeion, a memorial monument
3963:Populated places in Shahba District
1069:
207:
13:
3431:Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium
770:List of Catholic dioceses in Syria
14:
3994:
970:
3529:
3522:
2116:
2019:
1377:
1371:
1051:
262:
67:
60:
44:
3973:Roman towns and cities in Syria
965:, Paris, vol. II, coll. 861-862
928:Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi
919:
382:In 1596 Shahba appeared in the
901:
889:
873:
862:
853:
844:
828:
808:
792:
437:The relatively well-preserved
68:
1:
933:Gams, Pius Bonifacius, 1931,
805:.2 (May 1981:108–121) p. 111.
785:
478:Köppen climate classification
447:
299:Mosaic from Shahba depicting
869:Philipapolis [sic], Syra
820:The Journal of Roman Studies
444:is located in the vicinity.
7:
3930:UNESCO World Heritage Sites
3377:Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa
763:
609:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
539:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
271:The Roman Theatre at Shahba
10:
3999:
3983:Druze communities in Syria
3937:Legacy of the Roman Empire
752:
489:
467:
362:intersecting a colonnaded
257:
25:Place in as-Suwayda, Syria
15:
3925:
3892:
3839:
3796:
3766:
3719:
3710:
3669:
3578:
3547:
3538:
3520:
3500:
3462:
3444:
3421:
3403:
3385:
3367:
3349:
3321:
3314:
3307:
2389:
2125:
2114:
2032:
2026:Cities and towns of Syria
1907:
1877:
1842:
1807:
1725:
1721:
1708:
1615:
1545:
1403:
1399:
1386:
1369:
1288:
1218:
1158:
1081:
1077:
1064:
898:at Catholic-Hierarchy.org
678:
608:
538:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
328:, a starkly unornamented
248:Philippopolis (in Arabia)
187:
179:
174:
164:
152:
140:
132:
124:
89:
55:
43:
30:
490:Climate data for Shahba
34:
3932:; Proposed; in Danger
3726:Palestinian territories
961:Lequien, Michel, 1740,
896:Philippopolis in Arabia
3472:Aelia Augusta Aeclanum
2815:Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud
2261:al-Mukharram al-Foqani
1058:Al-Suwayda Governorate
937:, Leipzig, p. 435
474:cold semi-arid climate
457:
428:The Glory of the Earth
399:of Bani Miglad in the
378:Ottoman rule and later
307:
272:
234:, but formerly in the
228:As-Suwayda Governorate
1006:32.85417°N 36.62917°E
780:Christianity in Syria
455:
403:. It had an entirely
298:
270:
109:32.85417°N 36.62917°E
3978:Roman sites in Syria
3145:al-Surah al-Saghirah
1299:Al-Surah al-Saghirah
460:In the 18th century
456:Aerial view in 1933.
393:and was part of the
2990:Rasm Harmil al-Imam
1345:al-Surah al-Kabirah
1002: /
886:(2000), pp. 181–200
346:illustration, right
105: /
3753:: Emmaus Nicopolis
3736:: Aelia Capitolina
3548:Of legion veterans
3405:Gallia Narbonensis
3387:Gallia Lugdunensis
3351:Britannia Inferior
3323:Britannia Superior
1011:32.85417; 36.62917
458:
308:
273:
180: • Total
125:Grid position
114:32.85417; 36.62917
3945:
3944:
3921:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3746:Caesarea Maritima
3670:Possible colonies
3560:Caesarea Maritima
3518:
3517:
3477:Castra Taurinorum
3423:Germania Inferior
3263:
3262:
2605:al-Hajar al-Aswad
1985:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
841:(Segal 1981:118).
760:
759:
365:Decumanus Maximus
197:
196:
81:Location in Syria
3990:
3717:
3716:
3697:Emmaus Nicopolis
3565:Aelia Capitolina
3545:
3544:
3533:
3526:
3319:
3318:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3267:
3266:
3110:al-Shaykh Maskin
2810:Khirbet Ghazaleh
2640:Harran al-Awamid
2231:Maarat al-Numaan
2226:Jisr ash-Shughur
2120:
2024:
2023:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1989:
1988:
1723:
1722:
1715:Salkhad District
1710:
1709:
1401:
1400:
1393:Suwayda District
1388:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1335:Rudaymat al-Liwa
1079:
1078:
1066:
1065:
1056:
1055:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
995:
958:
913:
912:
905:
899:
893:
887:
877:
871:
866:
860:
857:
851:
848:
842:
832:
826:
812:
806:
796:
487:
486:
442:bridge at Nimreh
209:
120:
119:
117:
116:
115:
110:
106:
103:
102:
101:
98:
71:
70:
64:
48:
28:
27:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3958:Cities in Syria
3948:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3913:
3888:
3879:: Philippopolis
3835:
3808:: Arca Caesarea
3792:
3762:
3724:
3712:
3706:
3665:
3574:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3514:
3496:
3458:
3454:Augusta Emerita
3440:
3417:
3399:
3381:
3363:
3345:
3310:
3303:
3294:
3264:
3259:
3115:Shayukh Tahtani
3105:Shaykh al-Hadid
2955:Qalaat al-Madiq
2825:Ma'arrat Misrin
2800:Kuwayris Sharqi
2385:
2351:al-Suqaylabiyah
2346:ash-Shaykh Badr
2121:
2112:
2028:
2018:
2016:
1986:
1973:
1909:
1903:
1879:
1873:
1844:
1838:
1809:
1803:
1727:
1717:
1696:
1617:
1611:
1547:
1541:
1517:Sahwat al-Khudr
1405:
1395:
1382:
1376:
1359:
1290:
1284:
1220:
1214:
1160:
1154:
1083:
1073:
1071:Shahba District
1060:
1050:
1048:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1001:
996:
993:
991:
989:
988:
982:Map of the town
973:
968:
955:
926:Eubel, Konrad
922:
917:
916:
911:. 20 July 2015.
907:
906:
902:
894:
890:
878:
874:
867:
863:
858:
854:
849:
845:
833:
829:
813:
809:
797:
793:
788:
766:
761:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
470:
450:
380:
284:Philip the Arab
265:
260:
113:
111:
107:
104:
99:
96:
94:
92:
91:
85:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
77:
76:
72:
51:
39:
36:
33:
26:
21:
12:
11:
5:
3996:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3933:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3905:
3898:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3880:
3874:
3868:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3845:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3827:
3821:
3815:
3809:
3802:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3754:
3748:
3743:
3737:
3730:
3728:
3714:
3711:Locations with
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3579:Of late Empire
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3373:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3336:Lindum Colonia
3333:
3327:
3325:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3293:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3270:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
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3025:al-Sabe' Biyar
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
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2987:
2982:
2977:
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2198:
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2178:
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2168:
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2158:
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2143:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2123:
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2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
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2085:
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2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2039:
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2030:
2029:
2015:
2014:
2007:
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1992:
1983:
1982:
1979:
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1975:
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1966:
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1936:
1931:
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1896:
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1796:
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1789:Sama al-Bardan
1786:
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1771:
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1761:
1756:
1751:
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1289:Surah Saghirah
1286:
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1277:
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986:
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971:External links
969:
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772:
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3413:Narbo Martius
3411:
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3279:
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3268:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3245:al-Yaarubiyah
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3235:Urum al-Kubra
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
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3211:
3208:
3206:
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3201:
3198:
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3195:Tell al-Daman
3193:
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3018:
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2950:al-Qahtaniyah
2948:
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2928:
2926:
2925:al-Nashabiyah
2923:
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2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:al-Musayfirah
2908:
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2903:
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2785:Khan Shaykhun
2783:
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2755:Kafr Takharim
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2551:
2550:al-Darbasiyah
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
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2455:Assal al-Ward
2453:
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2405:Abu al-Thuhur
2403:
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2222:
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2209:
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2199:
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2174:
2172:
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2159:
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2142:
2139:
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2134:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2109:
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2104:
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2038:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2013:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1899:Umm al-Rumman
1897:
1895:
1892:
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1884:
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1876:
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1797:
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1792:
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1787:
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1769:al-Munaydhrah
1767:
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1592:Rimat al-Luhf
1590:
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1398:
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1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1320:al-Khalidiyah
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1287:
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1211:
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472:Shahba has a
465:
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454:
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443:
440:
435:
433:
432:iconographers
429:
425:
424:Roman mosaics
420:
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
401:Hauran Sanjak
398:
397:
392:
388:
387:tax registers
385:
375:
373:
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367:
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359:
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281:Roman emperor
278:
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263:Roman history
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127:
123:
118:
90:Coordinates:
88:
63:
54:
47:
42:
38:Philippopolis
29:
23:
19:
3876:
3860:Dura-Europos
3820:: Heliopolis
3713:modern names
3661:Dura-Europos
3655:
3301:Ancient Rome
3240:Wadi al-Oyun
3080:al-Shaddadah
2965:al-Qaryatayn
2915:al-Mushannaf
2715:al-Jawadiyah
2695:al-Janudiyah
2675:Ibbin Samaan
2620:al-Hamidiyah
2510:Bir al-Helou
2495:Barri Sharqi
2465:Ayn al-Fijah
2391:Sub-district
2340:
2306:Ra's al-'Ayn
2236:al-Malikiyah
1964:Tell al-Lawz
1916:
1886:
1869:al-Mughayyir
1864:Khirbet Awad
1851:
1816:
1735:
1734:
1657:al-Rushaydah
1626:Al-Mushannaf
1624:
1554:
1457:Kafr al-Luhf
1413:
1412:
1350:Umm Haratayn
1297:
1245:al-Buthainah
1227:
1167:
1092:
1091:
1090:
987:
962:
943:
934:
927:
920:Bibliography
903:
891:
883:
880:
875:
864:
855:
846:
830:
822:
819:
815:
810:
802:
799:
794:
755:Climate data
683:mm (inches)
480:
471:
459:
436:
427:
421:
417:
394:
390:
381:
369:
363:
356:
354:
350:
345:
341:
315:
309:
287:
274:
247:
238:province of
215:
199:
198:
22:
3742:: Ptolemais
3436:Mogontiacum
3369:Roman Dacia
3331:Camulodunum
3210:Tell Salhab
3205:Tell Rifaat
3005:al-Ruhaybah
2890:al-Masmiyah
2865:al-Mansurah
2725:Jubb Ramlah
2705:al-Jarniyah
2585:al-Ghariyah
2555:Deir Atiyah
2480:Ayn al-Nasr
2470:Ayn Halaqim
2336:al-Sanamayn
2301:al-Qutayfah
2156:Ayn al-Arab
2098:Rif Dimashq
2058:Deir ez-Zor
2034:Governorate
1910:Subdistrict
1880:Subdistrict
1853:Al-Ghariyah
1845:Subdistrict
1810:Subdistrict
1728:Subdistrict
1687:al-Tayyibah
1677:al-Shurayhi
1618:Subdistrict
1556:Al-Mazra'ah
1548:Subdistrict
1487:al-Mujaymer
1406:Subdistrict
1340:al-Salmiyah
1291:Subdistrict
1275:al-Rudaymah
1265:al-Junayneh
1221:Subdistrict
1161:Subdistrict
1084:Subdistrict
1009: /
342:Philippeion
332:faced with
252:titular see
242:. Known in
166:Subdistrict
142:Governorate
112: /
3952:Categories
3935:See also:
3910:: Seleucia
3873:: Laodicea
3759:: Neronias
3606:Heliopolis
3510:Singidunum
3487:Mediolanum
3255:az-Ziyarah
3215:Tell Tamer
3200:Tell Hamis
3185:al-Tamanah
3165:al-Sukhnah
3085:al-Shajara
3030:al-Sabkhah
2970:al-Qurayya
2930:al-Nasirah
2860:al-Malihah
2780:al-Khafsah
2765:al-Karamah
2745:Kafr Batna
2635:Harbnafsah
2540:Darat Izza
2450:al-Asharah
2435:al-Arishah
2400:Abu Qilqil
2371:al-Thawrah
2366:Tell Abyad
2181:Dayr Hafir
2103:as-Suwayda
2068:al-Hasakah
1939:al-Huwayya
1924:Abu Zurayq
1818:Al-Qurayya
1764:al-Mashquq
1647:al-Ajaylat
1637:al-Ghaydah
1567:al-Duwayri
1532:al-Tha'lah
1507:Rimat Hazm
1415:Al-Suwayda
1355:al-Ushayib
1325:Khalkhalah
1145:Umm Dubayb
1120:al-Matunah
997:36°37′45″E
994:32°51′15″N
786:References
448:Modern era
340:, and the
175:Population
147:as-Suwayda
100:36°37′45″E
97:32°51′15″N
3904:: Antioch
3885:: Palmyra
3814:: Berytus
3734:Jerusalem
3570:Ptolemais
3492:Placentia
3482:Florentia
3341:Londinium
3250:al-Zirbah
3230:Uqayribat
3000:al-Riqama
2945:al-Qadmus
2895:al-Mazraa
2820:al-Kiswah
2770:al-Kasrah
2760:Kafr Zita
2750:Kafr Nabl
2670:al-Huwash
2625:al-Hamraa
2580:Ghandoura
2575:Ghabaghib
2565:al-Dumayr
2500:Beit Jinn
2430:al-Ariqah
2356:Talkalakh
2326:Salamiyah
2316:as-Safira
2311:al-Rastan
2296:al-Qusayr
2221:Jarabulus
2201:al-Haffah
2191:Duraykish
2136:Abu Kamal
1959:al-Shi'ab
1934:al-Harisi
1824:al-Afinah
1784:al-Rafqah
1754:al-Karbis
1692:Umm Riwaq
1642:al-Kassib
1616:Mushannaf
1577:al-Majdal
1255:al-Hayyat
1195:al-Kharsa
1180:Deir Dama
1169:Al-Ariqah
1135:Suwaymrah
301:Aphrodite
189:Time zone
3908:Samandağ
3855:Damascus
3851:: Bostra
3789:: Gerasa
3783:: Gadara
3781:Umm Qais
3702:Neronias
3651:Neapolis
3616:Damascus
3596:Seleucia
3586:Laodicea
3446:Hispania
3395:Lugdunum
3359:Eboracum
3297:Colonies
3175:Talbiseh
3170:al-Tabni
3160:al-Susah
3150:al-Suwar
3130:Sirghaya
3045:Saidnaya
3020:Sabburah
2975:Qurqania
2920:Muzayrib
2900:Muhambal
2885:Maskanah
2840:Maaloula
2830:Maabatli
2805:Khanaser
2730:Jindires
2700:Jaramana
2690:al-Jalaa
2665:Huraytan
2645:al-Hirak
2610:al-Hajib
2595:al-Hader
2560:al-Dimas
2525:Busayrah
2475:Ayn Issa
2410:Akhtarin
2381:Zabadani
2276:Qamishli
2127:District
2088:Quneitra
2048:Damascus
1969:Tulaylin
1949:Qaysamah
1843:Ghariyah
1808:Qurayyah
1794:Shanirah
1744:al-Annat
1546:Mazra'ah
1472:Maf'aleh
1330:Lahithah
1315:al-Huquf
1130:Salakhid
839:hegemony
835:Nabatean
764:See also
753:Source:
679:Average
338:basilica
220:Damascus
154:District
3902:Antakya
3871:Latakia
3867:: Emesa
3832:: Tyrus
3826:: Sidon
3818:Baalbek
3798:Lebanon
3723:and the
3682:Ascalon
3636:Sebaste
3611:Palmyra
3591:Antioch
3555:Berytus
3135:Slinfah
3100:Shathah
3095:Sharran
3055:Saraqib
3040:Sahnaya
3010:al-Saan
2905:Muhasan
2875:Markada
2790:Khasham
2740:al-Qabu
2735:al-Jiza
2660:al-Hawl
2630:Harasta
2600:Hadidah
2570:Furqlus
2545:Darkush
2535:al-Dana
2505:Binnish
2485:Babbila
2440:Armanaz
2393:centres
2376:Yabroud
2361:al-Tall
2331:Salkhad
2291:Qudsaya
2281:Qardaha
2271:Palmyra
2266:an-Nabk
2256:Mhardeh
2251:Mayadin
2176:Darayya
2171:Baniyas
2129:centres
2083:Latakia
2036:centres
1944:Khazmah
1799:Tahulah
1779:al-Uyun
1737:Salkhad
1726:Salkhad
1672:Shbeiki
1587:Qarrasa
1572:Jidiyah
1537:Walghah
1522:Sakakah
1497:al-Ruha
1492:Qanawat
1482:Miyamas
1467:Kharaba
1462:Kanakir
1452:al-Kafr
1422:Aslihah
1404:Suwayda
1270:al-Qasr
1110:Majadel
1105:Braykah
748:(11.2)
674:(48.3)
669:(38.1)
664:(45.3)
659:(52.3)
654:(57.2)
649:(60.6)
644:(60.3)
639:(57.4)
634:(52.2)
629:(45.7)
624:(39.9)
619:(36.0)
614:(34.3)
604:(71.1)
599:(54.5)
594:(65.8)
589:(78.6)
584:(84.7)
579:(88.2)
574:(87.3)
569:(84.9)
564:(78.1)
559:(68.2)
554:(59.4)
549:(52.9)
544:(50.5)
468:Climate
384:Ottoman
371:insulae
360:maximus
330:theatre
289:colonia
258:History
222:in the
208:شَهْبَا
133:Country
128:302/251
35:شَهْبَا
3894:Turkey
3883:Tadmur
3877:Shahba
3812:Beirut
3787:Jerash
3768:Jordan
3757:Banias
3721:Israel
3692:Gadara
3687:Gerasa
3641:Bostra
3540:Levant
3502:Moesia
3464:Italia
3315:Europe
3225:Thiban
3180:Taldou
3125:Sinjar
3090:Shaqqa
3070:Sawran
3065:Sarrin
3060:Sarmin
3050:Salqin
3015:Saasaa
2995:al-Rai
2985:Rankus
2845:Madaya
2835:Maadan
2795:Kirnaz
2775:Kessab
2685:Jayrud
2655:Hisyah
2520:Bulbul
2420:Arbeen
2341:Shahba
2321:Safita
2286:Qatana
2246:Masyaf
2241:Manbij
2216:Jableh
2166:al-Bab
2151:Atarib
2146:Arihah
2108:Tartus
2043:Aleppo
1954:Sha'af
1888:Dhibin
1878:Dhibin
1662:Sa'nah
1602:Ta'ara
1582:Najran
1562:al-Dur
1447:Jubayb
1437:Hibran
1305:Dhakir
1280:Ta'lah
1235:Arajah
1229:Shaqqa
1219:Shaqqa
1205:Sumayd
1200:Lubayn
1190:Jirrin
1185:Harran
1159:Ariqah
1140:Taymah
1125:Nimreh
1115:Mardak
1093:Shahba
1082:Shahba
951:
743:(2.1)
738:(1.0)
733:(0.4)
728:(0.0)
708:(0.4)
703:(0.7)
698:(1.8)
693:(2.4)
688:(2.4)
495:Month
409:barley
405:Muslim
396:nahiya
334:basalt
317:kalybe
216:Shahbā
212:ALA-LC
204:Arabic
200:Shahba
183:14,784
170:Shahba
159:Shahba
75:Shahba
32:Shahba
18:Aleppo
3849:Bosra
3841:Syria
3824:Saida
3776:Petra
3751:Imwas
3646:Petra
3631:Tyrus
3626:Sidon
3601:Emesa
3220:Tedef
3190:Tasil
3155:Suran
3140:Suluk
3075:Sebei
3035:Sadad
2960:Qarah
2870:Mare'
2855:Malah
2850:Mahin
2710:Jasim
2680:Ihsim
2615:Hajin
2530:Da'el
2515:Bosra
2490:Banan
2445:Arwad
2425:Arima
2415:Amuda
2211:Izra'
2206:Harem
2186:Douma
2141:Afrin
2093:Raqqa
2078:Idlib
2053:Daraa
1929:Baham
1918:Malah
1908:Malah
1894:Bakka
1774:Urman
1759:Imtan
1682:Tarba
1667:Salah
1632:Busan
1607:Tirah
1597:Sami'
1527:Slaim
1502:Rasas
1477:Masad
1427:Attil
1240:Barik
1100:Amrah
881:Syria
534:Year
462:Druze
439:Roman
391:Sahba
358:Cardo
326:baths
277:oasis
236:Roman
232:Syria
136:Syria
3865:Homs
3830:Tyre
3806:Arqa
3740:Acre
3677:Gaza
3120:Shin
2980:Rajo
2940:Nubl
2935:Nawa
2650:Hish
2161:Azaz
2073:Homs
2063:Hama
1834:Hout
1829:Burd
1749:Awas
1652:Rami
1432:Dara
1310:Hazm
1250:Duma
1210:Waqm
1175:Dama
949:ISBN
723:(0)
718:(0)
713:(0)
657:11.3
652:14.0
647:15.9
642:15.7
637:14.1
632:11.2
602:21.7
597:12.5
592:18.8
587:25.9
582:29.3
577:31.2
572:30.7
567:29.4
562:25.6
557:20.1
552:15.2
547:11.6
542:10.3
531:Dec
528:Nov
525:Oct
522:Sep
519:Aug
516:Jul
513:Jun
510:May
507:Apr
504:Mar
501:Feb
498:Jan
413:akçe
320:, a
312:Rome
305:Ares
303:and
275:The
193:EEST
3299:of
2460:Awj
2196:Fiq
1859:Anz
1442:Ira
1260:Hit
746:285
672:9.0
667:3.4
662:7.4
627:7.6
622:4.4
617:2.2
612:1.3
483:).
481:BSk
389:as
246:as
230:of
226:in
3954::
884:77
823:50
803:40
741:53
736:26
731:11
701:18
696:46
691:60
686:61
434:.
415:.
324:,
254:.
214::
210:/
206::
3289:e
3282:t
3275:v
2011:e
2004:t
1997:v
1043:e
1036:t
1029:v
957:.
726:1
721:0
716:0
711:0
706:9
476:(
344:(
202:(
20:.
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