807:
127:. The code specifically forbade retreat or surrender. The quote "Never live to experience shame as a prisoner" was repeatedly cited as the cause of numerous suicides committed by soldiers and civilians; in particular, the code resulted in considerably higher battle fatalities and extremely low surrender counts for Japanese ground forces, who would often launch suicide attacks or commit suicide outright when faced with defeat.
172:
should be wary there, lest they run counter to their duties as soldiers. The purpose of the present Code lies in providing concrete rules of conduct, in the light of past experience, so that those in zones of combat may wholly abide by the
Imperial Rescript and enhance the moral virtues of the Imperial Army.
171:
The
Imperial Rescript to the armed forces is explicit while the regulations and manuals clearly define conduct in combat and methods of training. Conditions in the zone of combat, however, tend to cause soldiers to be swayed by immediate events and become forgetful of their duties. Indeed, they
163:
The battlefield is where the
Imperial Army, acting under the Imperial Command, displays its true character, conquering whenever it attacks, winning whenever it engages in combat, in order to spread the Imperial Way far and wide so that the enemy may look up in awe to the august virtues of His
19:
651:
1821:
1094:
1012:
1816:
1217:
1247:
754:
1705:
601:
1851:
781:
1723:
1856:
1237:
1168:
1571:
1181:
1063:
691:
458:
94:
964:
954:
98:, which was already required reading for the Japanese military. It listed a number of exhortations regarding military regulations,
130:
Japanese soldiers were instructed to "show mercy to those who surrender"—a response to prior misconduct on the battlefield.
759:
1769:
1743:
1713:
1541:
1297:
1173:
1073:
1058:
969:
929:
1841:
1836:
1556:
1053:
1877:
1408:
1403:
1302:
1242:
1033:
1023:
714:
724:
719:
660:
636:
610:
589:
1748:
1733:
1728:
1438:
1197:
1130:
919:
739:
734:
1897:
1887:
1431:
1811:
1453:
1154:
924:
729:
1907:
1738:
1163:
1078:
1068:
684:
1902:
1718:
1589:
1043:
984:
974:
490:
1393:
1212:
1083:
1680:
1649:
484:
1639:
1634:
1561:
1516:
1307:
994:
1496:
786:
1753:
1536:
1478:
1426:
1048:
876:
677:
75:
1882:
1576:
1448:
1378:
939:
866:
1526:
1288:
1252:
1228:
1125:
1110:
959:
871:
449:
146:
71:
1892:
1312:
774:
142:
1443:
1267:
1257:
769:
646:
8:
1675:
1622:
1595:
1585:
1531:
1521:
1506:
1383:
1207:
886:
881:
764:
137:
were also distributed to the civilian population of Japan as part of the preparation for
1458:
1644:
1581:
1398:
1368:
909:
138:
625:
1685:
1373:
1353:
1120:
749:
656:
632:
606:
585:
64:
829:
1826:
1546:
1262:
934:
99:
1801:
1846:
1551:
1468:
1388:
861:
700:
441:
104:
1463:
1796:
1690:
1511:
1501:
1358:
1322:
744:
548:
1831:
1806:
1871:
1317:
1038:
1028:
856:
821:
620:
1418:
914:
791:
109:
1488:
1105:
1566:
1115:
82:
78:
39:
1363:
979:
1272:
1695:
1670:
1665:
1473:
1344:
1277:
949:
652:
The Rising Sun: The
Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936-1945
43:
1774:
1202:
893:
837:
669:
944:
123:
1627:
796:
113:
989:
18:
552:
or "Shattering like a Jewel": Reflection on the
Pacific War
524:
The Rising Sun: The
Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire
117:
70:
was a pocket-sized military code issued to soldiers in the
152:
468:
await the future, after preparations have been effected
627:
War
Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War
537:
War
Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War
602:
Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II
564:
Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II
624:
1869:
1852:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
1822:German pre–World War II industrial co-operation
471:possess a deep-seated spirit of ramming suicide
50:
806:
421:
409:
390:
378:
366:
354:
342:
330:
318:
306:
294:
282:
263:
251:
239:
227:
215:
203:
191:
37:
685:
579:
474:set the example for 100,000,000 compatriots.
1169:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
692:
678:
133:Towards the end of the war, copies of the
1572:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1182:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
462:and proceed to abide by the Imperial Will
459:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
95:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
955:National Spiritual Mobilization Movement
177:
17:
438:Precepts Concerning the Decisive Battle
81:. It was in use at the outbreak of the
1870:
1770:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
645:
74:on 8 January 1941 in the name of then-
673:
619:
598:
63:
1174:Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff
930:Imperial Rule Assistance Association
582:The Oxford Companion to World War II
511:The Oxford Companion to World War II
418:Achievements of Soldiers in Service
406:Admonition Concerning Field Service
92:was regarded as a supplement to the
1842:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
1084:East Asia Development Board (Kōain)
699:
13:
14:
1919:
1542:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
805:
465:defend Imperial soil to the last
431:
327:Initiative in Exemplary Conduct
32:Instructions for the Battlefield
1557:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
436:A similar military code titled
363:The Maintenance of One's Honor
141:, the expected invasion of the
1812:Japanese settlers in Manchuria
925:Imperial Rescript on Education
556:
542:
529:
516:
503:
400:
1:
1258:Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha)
1164:Imperial General Headquarters
755:Foreign commerce and shipping
573:
273:
260:The Will for Certain Victory
1590:Hirohito surrender broadcast
985:Greater East Asia Conference
580:Dear, ICB; MRD Foot (2002).
315:The Way of Comrades in Arms
182:
7:
970:Supreme Court of Judicature
605:. WW Norton & Company.
584:. Oxford University Press.
478:
440:was issued by War Minister
51:
10:
1924:
1681:Second Philippine Republic
1454:Manchuria–Mongolia problem
485:The Souldiers Pocket Bible
351:Outlook on Life and Death
279:Reverence for the Spirits
1878:Military history of Japan
1789:
1762:
1704:
1658:
1615:
1608:
1562:Japan during World War II
1517:Pacification of Manchukuo
1487:
1417:
1409:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
1404:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
1342:
1335:
1286:
1273:Control Faction (Tōseiha)
1226:
1152:
1145:
1092:
1010:
1003:
995:Imperial Japanese Airways
902:
849:
814:
803:
707:
452:officers and men should:
422:
410:
391:
379:
367:
355:
343:
331:
319:
307:
295:
283:
264:
252:
240:
228:
216:
204:
192:
38:
22:Copy of the cover of the
1537:Second Sino-Japanese War
1479:Racial Equality Proposal
1059:Agriculture and Commerce
496:
375:Sincerity and Fortitude
291:The Way of Filial Piety
72:Imperial Japanese forces
1449:Washington Naval Treaty
1394:Anglo–Japanese Alliance
1379:First Sino-Japanese War
1198:Nuclear weapons program
940:Great Japan Youth Party
867:National seals of Japan
489:English translation of
61:Japanese pronunciation:
1898:1941 non-fiction books
1888:Imperial Japanese Army
1527:Motherland controversy
1497:Shōwa financial crisis
1289:Imperial Japanese Navy
1229:Imperial Japanese Army
960:Peace Preservation Law
599:Dower, John W (2000).
450:Imperial Japanese Army
212:The Imperial Heritage
26:
1439:Siberian Intervention
1248:Railways and Shipping
1064:Commerce and Industry
760:Industrial production
444:on 8 April 1945. The
178:Chapters and sections
143:Japanese home islands
65:[se̞nʑiŋkũ͍ɴ]
21:
1908:Japanese nationalism
1857:Political dissidence
1706:Occupied territories
1444:General Election Law
1268:Taiwan Army of Japan
303:Salutes and Manners
1903:Japanese militarism
1676:Wang Jingwei regime
1586:Potsdam Declaration
1577:Soviet–Japanese War
1532:Anti-Comintern Pact
1522:January 28 incident
1507:London Naval Treaty
1384:Triple Intervention
1213:Supreme War Council
1097:deliberative bodies
1399:Russo-Japanese War
1369:Two Lords Incident
1024:Imperial Household
200:The Imperial Army
139:Operation Downfall
27:
1865:
1864:
1837:Socialist thought
1785:
1784:
1724:Dutch East Indies
1686:Empire of Vietnam
1604:
1603:
1374:Satsuma Rebellion
1354:Meiji Restoration
1331:
1330:
1141:
1140:
1079:Greater East Asia
965:Political parties
920:Foreign relations
387:Gallant Behavior
153:Excerpt from the
1915:
1827:Shinmin no Michi
1817:Internment camps
1729:French Indochina
1613:
1612:
1459:Taishō Democracy
1340:
1339:
1263:Japanese holdout
1150:
1149:
1074:Colonial Affairs
1008:
1007:
935:Yokusan Sonendan
841:
833:
825:
809:
808:
735:Economic history
694:
687:
680:
671:
670:
666:
655:. Random House.
642:
630:
616:
595:
567:
560:
554:
546:
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533:
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520:
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448:stipulated that
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112:, veneration of
100:combat readiness
69:
67:
62:
58:
48:
47:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1847:Yasukuni Shrine
1781:
1758:
1700:
1654:
1600:
1552:Tripartite Pact
1547:Rape of Nanking
1483:
1469:Tapani incident
1413:
1389:Boxer Rebellion
1347:
1327:
1291:
1282:
1231:
1222:
1157:
1137:
1131:Representatives
1099:
1096:
1095:Legislative and
1088:
1054:Foreign Affairs
1017:
1014:
999:
898:
877:Government Seal
862:Rising Sun Flag
845:
839:
831:
823:
810:
801:
703:
701:Empire of Japan
698:
663:
639:
613:
592:
576:
571:
570:
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547:
543:
534:
530:
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517:
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504:
499:
481:
442:Korechika Anami
434:
419:
407:
403:
388:
376:
364:
352:
340:
328:
316:
304:
292:
280:
276:
261:
249:
248:Aggressiveness
237:
225:
213:
201:
189:
185:
180:
159:
105:esprit de corps
60:
35:
12:
11:
5:
1921:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1883:Japan campaign
1880:
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1860:
1859:
1854:
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1824:
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1691:State of Burma
1688:
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1529:
1524:
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1514:
1512:Musha Incident
1509:
1504:
1502:Jinan incident
1499:
1493:
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1476:
1471:
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1359:Beipu uprising
1356:
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1343:
1337:
1333:
1332:
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1323:Treaty Faction
1320:
1315:
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1292:
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1255:
1253:Imperial Guard
1250:
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1018:
1013:Administration
1011:
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121:, and Japan's
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1802:Fukoku kyōhei
1800:
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1663:
1661:
1659:Puppet states
1657:
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1355:
1352:
1351:
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1346:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:Fleet Faction
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1298:General Staff
1296:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
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1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1238:General Staff
1236:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1191:military code
1190:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1162:
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1159:
1156:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:Imperial Diet
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1111:Privy Council
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1091:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1029:Home Ministry
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1009:
1006:
1002:
996:
993:
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988:
986:
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888:
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878:
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872:Imperial Seal
870:
869:
868:
865:
863:
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1427:World War I
1303:Air Service
1243:Air Service
1116:Gozen Kaigi
832:(Yoshihito)
824:(Mutsuhito)
770:Nationalism
715:Agriculture
566:, page 277.
526:, page 512.
513:, page 47.6
401:Chapter III
224:Solidarity
188:The Empire
83:Pacific War
79:Hideki Tojo
1872:Categories
1596:Occupation
1419:Taishō era
1364:Boshin War
1208:War crimes
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574:References
539:, page 26
274:Chapter II
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1749:Singapore
1734:Hong Kong
1696:Azad Hind
1671:Mengjiang
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456:obey the
183:Chapter I
155:Senjinkun
135:Senjinkun
90:Senjinkun
54:Senjinkun
44:Shinjitai
24:Senjinkun
1775:Yen bloc
1763:Ideology
1754:Thailand
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782:Politics
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708:Overview
649:(1970).
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522:Toland,
479:See also
446:Precepts
164:Majesty.
40:Kyūjitai
1336:History
1308:Marines
945:Kokutai
850:Symbols
830:Taishō
787:Statism
730:Economy
562:Dower,
535:Dower,
124:kokutai
42:: 戰陣訓;
1739:Malaya
1714:Borneo
1650:Taiwan
1645:Nan'yō
1635:Chōsen
1628:naichi
838:Shōwa
822:Meiji
797:Kazoku
745:System
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635:
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588:
509:Dear,
114:Shinto
1719:Burma
1432:Entry
1126:Peers
990:Senbu
975:Tokkō
497:Notes
368:名を惜しむ
339:Duty
265:必勝の精神
46:: 戦陣訓
1044:Navy
1039:Army
657:ISBN
633:ISBN
607:ISBN
586:ISBN
423:戦陣の嗜
411:戦陣の戒
392:清廉潔白
380:質実剛健
332:率先躬行
308:敬礼挙措
253:攻撃精神
118:kami
88:The
29:The
1034:War
356:生死観
320:戦友道
145:by
1874::
1588:,
344:責任
296:孝道
284:敬神
241:協同
229:団結
217:皇紀
205:皇軍
193:皇国
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