73:
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313:"Mesnyky"): Since then, my brother has been at home very little. All the time on night raids. Collection and delivery of food supplies for hundreds of UPA, relocation of UPA units and underground leaders in the field, quartering of wounded soldiers in villages, their delivery to military hospitals, and often participation in combat operations conducted by UPA units to protect the population from attacks by Polish bandits, intelligence in the field. This was mainly the work of the self-defense kushch.
212:, but over time, when the units were to be disbanded, partisans were sent to rural self-defense formations. The members of the SKU were distinguished from the UPA units by the fact that they legally lived in the villages located on the territory of the kushch and were united only to carry out a certain action. SKU were managed through the OUN military kushch officers ("kushchovi"). Their weaponry consisted of a small number of
294:
Ewa
Siemaszko believes that due to the small number of firearms SKU could not properly resist the Soviet partisans and the German occupiers, and therefore the OUN was using them to attack Polish settlements, although others contradict this. Grzegorz Motyka, a Polish historian and a board member of
145:, uniting 1-2 villages, as well as kushchi ("bushes", 5-7 villages). The combat detachments of SKU were based on kushchi, numbering from 30 to 50 soldiers, i. e. 3-4 roji ("swarms"). The command of Kushch units included:
204:. In some areas, the so-called "Special Purpose Units" (SPUs) were established, while in others, "Self-Defense Kuschsh Units" (SKUs) were organized. In Volhynia, the organization of this movement was in the hands of
252:
as the border between Poland and the USSR, which included a substantial
Ukrainian minority at the time. The units were active locally Przemyśl (Ukrainian: Peremyshl) foothills, the
365:РОМАНЮК, Михайло (2017). "ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПІДПІЛЬНОЇ АДМІНІСТРАЦІЇ НА ТЕРЕНАХ ЗОЛОЧІВСЬКОЇ ОКРУГИ ОУН У ПЕРІОД МАСОВОЇ ПОВСТАНСЬКОЇ БОРОТЬБИ (середина 1944 – початок 1946)".
72:
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208:, who on August 30, 1943, ordered the complete mobilization of the Ukrainian population in Volhynia in individual villages. SKU members joined the
248:", or more accurately, the land to the west border approved (with later marginal adjustments) by the final resolution of the 1944
44:
Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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in 1947, and protect them against repressions by the Soviet-installed Polish authorities and operatives aligned with them.
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in particular, which had been a demographically mixed" region, from armed robber groups, at a certain units of the Polish
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specializing in
Ukrainian topic, believes that the main goal of SKU was to protect Ukrainian villages from attacks.
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This is how Yuri Sudyn (born 1933) recalls his older brother Dmytro Sudyn, who was born in 1928 in the village of
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protection of
Ukrainian villages and population from Polish and Soviet partisans, as well as gangs of robbers;
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to the west of the Polish-Ukrainian border, a member of the local SKU "Trembita" (who collaborated with the
183:) organizational and mobilization officers. But SKU members were not obliged to also be members of the OUN.
83:— Ukrainian self-defense units formed to protect Ukrainian villages, as well as to create a rear for the
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87:. They operated in 1942–1946 and were inspected by the district leaders of the separate formation of
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occasional participation in sabotage operations aimed at supporting the attacks of UPA units.
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99:"Kushch" was an administrative unit of Ukrainian Insurgent Army consisting of 5-7 villages.
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Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939–1945
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and subdistrict, kushch was subjected to district (and above that – supra-district or
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The assessment of the Self-Defense Kushch Units' activities is quite contradictory.
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SKU units on the Polish territory defended the
Ukrainian populations of "
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accumulation of food, medicine and clothing supplies for UPA units;
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435: — Дрогобич: Видавнича фірма «Відродження», 1997.- 359 с.,
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367:Наукові зошити історичного факультету Львівського університету
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construction of underground bunkers, hospitals and warehouses;
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in 1944–1946, prevent the forcible removal from the region
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Trudne sąsiedztwo. Stosunki polsko-ukraińskie w X—XX wieku
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and other formations. They attempted tried to prevent
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175:, the term kushch was introduced to replace the terms
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representative of the
Ukrainian Red Cross organization
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military officer (kushchovyi) – the head of the kushch
216:, and mainly agricultural and household tools, e.g.
292:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
426:Партизанськими дорогами з командиром «Залізняком»
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120:protection of insurgent warehouses and hospitals;
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353:Pany i rezuny. Współpraca AK-WiN i UPA 1945–1947
244:", or Transcurzonia, i.e. "the land beyond the
383:, Wyd. Książka i Wiedza, Warszawa 2005, s. 615
141:Self-defense Kushch Units were organized into
76:Monument to the fallen SKU fighters in Komariv
273:deportation to the Ukrainian SSR from Poland
129:maintaining communication through liaisons;
16:Units formed to protect Ukrainian villages
60:Learn how and when to remove this message
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283:Historical assessment of SKU activities
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107:Most of their activity was aimed at:
392:Władysław Siemaszko, Ewa Siemaszko,
196:SKU first appeared in early 1942 in
111:military training of the population;
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236:West of the Yalta Conference border
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297:Institute of National Remembrance
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414:Ukraińska partyzantka 1942–1960
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379:Karol Grünberg, B. Szprengel,
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192:On current Ukrainian territory
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323:Pavlokoma village tragedy
290:Polish researcher of the
479:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
464:Poland–Ukraine relations
171:In the structure of the
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474:Ukraine in World War II
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32:Some of this article's
355:, Warszawa 1997, s. 38
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416:, Warsaw 2006, s. 150
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469:Ukrainian guerrillas
126:providing transport;
206:Dmytro Klyachkivsky
431:2013-11-12 at the
155:propaganda officer
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412:Grzegorz Motyka,
277:Operation Vistula
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37:may not be
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339:References
265:Chełm land
242:Zakerzonia
222:pitchforks
91:– OUN(b).
50:April 2022
143:stanytsas
137:Structure
429:Archived
317:See also
214:firearms
202:Polissya
198:Volhynia
39:reliable
254:Beskids
226:scythes
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263:, the
258:Lublin
230:knives
177:volost
311:kurin
181:povit
103:Goals
437:ISBN
398:ISBN
218:axes
200:and
95:Name
308:UPA
210:UPA
173:OUN
89:OUN
85:UPA
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