Sei whale - Knowledge

1943: 1814: 1041:, because it can swim at great speeds "for a few hundred yards", but it "soon tires if the chase is long" and "does not have the strength and staying power of its larger relatives". It can reach speeds of up to 50 km/h (31 mph) over short distances. However, it is not a remarkable diver, reaching relatively shallow depths for 5 to 15 minutes. Between dives, the whale surfaces for a few minutes, remaining visible in clear, calm waters, with blows occurring at intervals of about 60 seconds (range: 45–90 sec.). When about to dive, the sei whale usually just sinks below the surface; only the dorsal fin and 1062: 33: 265: 886: 1026:. They have been documented traveling alone or in pods of up to six individuals; larger groups may assemble at particularly abundant feeding grounds. During the southern Gulf of Maine influx in mid-1986, groups of at least three sei whales were observed "milling" on four occasions – i.e. moving in random directions, rolling, and remaining at the surface for over 10 minutes. One whale would always leave the group during or immediately after such socializing bouts. The sei whale is among the fastest 946: 113: 1529: 970: 71: 2067: 1496:. All the calls were downswept tonal calls, all but two ranging from a mean high frequency of 39.1 Hz down to 21 Hz of 1.3 second duration – the two higher frequency downswept calls ranged from an average of 100.3 Hz to 44.6 Hz over 1 second of duration. These calls closely resembled and coincided with a peak in "20- to 35-Hz irregular repetition interval" downswept pulses described from seafloor recordings off 978: 47: 2095: 2081: 2051:) may have caused mass deaths in prehistoric times. In June 2015, scientists flying over southern Chile counted 337 dead sei whales, in what is regarded as the largest mass beaching ever documented. The cause is not yet known; however, toxic algae blooms caused by unprecedented warming in the Pacific Ocean, known as 1990:). It is listed on Appendix I as this species has been categorized as being in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant proportion of their range and CMS parties strive towards strictly protecting these animals, and also on Appendix II. The species is listed as endangered by the U.S. government 2006:

As of 2018, the global population is estimated to be 50,000 mature individuals, with an increasing population trend. In the North Atlantic, 12,000 whales were estimated. As of 1983, around 10,000 whales were estimated in the Southern Hemisphere, and by 2011, approximately 35,000 individuals inhabited

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Since the moratorium on commercial whaling, some sei whales have been taken by Icelandic and Japanese whalers under the IWC's scientific research programme. Iceland carried out four years of scientific whaling between 1986 and 1989, killing up to 40 sei whales a year. The research is conducted by the

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originally targeted humpback whales. By 1913, this species became rare, and the catch of fin and blue whales began to increase. As these species likewise became scarce, sei whale catches increased rapidly in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The catch peaked in 1964–65 at over 20,000 sei whales, but by

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Despite knowing some general migration patterns, exact routes are incompletely known and scientists cannot readily predict exactly where groups will appear from one year to the next. A 1985 study suggested a correlation between appearances west of Greenland and the incursion of relatively warm waters

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in 1952 were actually Bryde's whales, based on examination of their baleen plates. The only confirmed historical record is the capture of a 14 m (46 ft) female, which was brought to the Cap Lopez whaling station in Gabon in September 1950. During cetacean sighting surveys off Angola between

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and Washington. Prior to commercial whaling, the North Pacific hosted an estimated 42,000. By the end of whaling, the population was down to between 7,260 and 12,620. In the Southern Hemisphere, population estimates range between 9,800 and 12,000, based upon catch history and CPUE. The IWC estimated

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Quotas on sei whales in the North Atlantic began in 1977. Southern Hemisphere stocks were protected in 1979. Facing mounting evidence that several whale species were threatened with extinction, the IWC established a complete moratorium on commercial whaling beginning in 1986. In the late 1970s, some

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processed 300–600 each year between 1911 and 1955. In 1959, the Japanese catch peaked at 1,340. Heavy exploitation in the North Pacific began in the early 1960s, with catches averaging 3,643 per year from 1963 to 1974 (total 43,719; annual range 1,280–6,053). In 1971, after a decade of high catches,

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Sei whales live in all oceans, although rarely in polar or tropical waters. The difficulty of differentiating them at sea from their close relatives, Bryde's whales and in some cases from fin whales, creates confusion about their range and population, especially in warmer waters where Bryde's whales

1755:(CGFZ) between April and June 2005. It appeared to "hitch a ride" on prevailing currents, with erratic movements indicative of feeding behavior in five areas, in particular the CGFZ, an area of known high sei whale abundance as well as high copepod concentrations. Seven whales tagged off Faial and 1519:

BBC News quoted Roddy Morrison, a former whaler active in South Georgia, as saying, "When we killed the sei whales, they used to make a noise, like a crying noise. They seemed so friendly, and they'd come round and they'd make a noise, and when you hit them, they cried really. I didn't think it was

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In the Northern Hemisphere, males reach up to 17.1 m (56 ft) and females up to 18.6 m (61 ft), while in the Southern Hemisphere males reach a maximum of 18.6 m (61 ft) and females of 19.5 m (64 ft). The authenticity of an alleged 22 m (72 ft) female

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In the North Pacific, adult males average 13.7 m (45 ft) and adult females 15 m (49 ft). In the North Atlantic, the average length of an adult male is 14 m (46 ft) and of an adult female is 14.5 m (48 ft). In the Southern Hemisphere, they average 14.5 m

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from its mother at 6–9 months of age, when it is 8–9 m (26–30 ft) long, so weaning takes place at the summer or autumn feeding grounds. Females reproduce every 2–3 years, usually to a single calf. In the Northern Hemisphere, males are usually 12.8–12.9 m (42–42 ft) and females

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The sei whale looks very similar to other large rorquals, especially to its smaller relative the Bryde's whale. Exceptional individuals may resemble a fin whale, which leads to confusion. They are usually differentiated from the fin whale by the colour of their head. Contrary to the fin whale's

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In the North Pacific, males weigh an average of 15 t (15 long tons; 17 short tons) and females 18.5 t (18.2 long tons; 20.4 short tons). North Atlantic sei whale males average 15.5 t (15.3 long tons; 17.1 short tons) and females 17 t (17 long tons; 19 short tons). Southern

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In general, the sei whale migrates annually from cool and subpolar waters in summer to temperate and subtropical waters for winter, where food is more abundant. In the northwest Atlantic, sightings and catch records suggest the whales move north along the shelf edge to arrive in the areas of

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Off the coast of North America, sei whales were hunted off British Columbia from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s, when the number of whales captured dropped to around 14 per year. More than 2,000 were caught in British Columbian waters between 1962 and 1967. Between 1957 and 1971,

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observed five seis together in the summer of 2017, the first such sighting in over 50 years. In California waters, there was only one confirmed and five possible sightings by 1991 to 1993 aerial and ship surveys, and there were no confirmed sightings off Oregon coasts such as

1678:. The Falkland Islands appear to be a regionally important area for the sei whale, as a small population exists in coastal waters off the eastern Falkland or Malvinas archipelago. For reasons unknown, the whales prefer to stay inland here, even venturing into large bays. 1904:, a privately funded, nonprofit institution. The main focus of the research is to examine what they eat and to assess the competition between whales and fisheries. In a span of 15 years, around 1,453 whales were killed in the North Pacific between 2002 and 2017. 1674:

2003 and 2006, only a single confirmed sighting of two individuals was made in August 2004, compared to 19 sightings of Bryde's whales. Sei whales are commonly distributed along west to southern Latin America, including the entire Chilean coast down to the

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or grooves along its ventral surface that extend halfway between the pectoral fins and umbilicus (in other species it usually extends to or past the umbilicus), restricting the expansion of the buccal cavity during feeding compared to other species. The

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In the North Atlantic between 1885 and 1984, 14,295 sei whales were taken. They were hunted in large numbers off the coasts of Norway and Scotland beginning in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and in 1885 alone more than 700 were caught off

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The sei whale makes long, loud, low-frequency sounds. Relatively little is known about specific calls, but in 2003, observers noted sei whale calls in addition to sounds that could be described as "growls" or "whooshes" off the coast of the

957:, which is bordered by a fringe of very fine, short, curly, wool-like white bristles. The sei's very fine baleen bristles, about 0.1 mm (0.0039 in), are the most reliable characteristic that distinguishes it from other rorquals. 512:, basing his designation partly on Cuvier's description of Rudolphi's specimen and partly on a 16 m (52 ft) female that had stranded on the coast of France the previous year (this was later identified as a juvenile fin whale, 2033:

data. Japanese interests claim this figure is outdated, and in 2002 claimed the western North Pacific population was over 28,000, a figure not accepted by the scientific community. In western Canadian waters, researchers with

428:. It is typically solitary or can be found in groups numbering half a dozen. During the breeding period, a mating pair will remain together. Sei whale vocalizations usually lasts half a second, and occurs at 240–625 hertz. 1985:

Appendix I, indicating they are threatened with extinction if trade is not halted. The sei whale is listed on both Appendix I and Appendix II of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

1508:, which were associated with the presence of sei whales. These calls averaged 82.3 Hz down to 34 Hz over about 1.4 seconds in duration. This call has also been reported from recordings in the Gulf of Maine, 1100:

collected near them, which appears as a dilute brown cloud. The feces are collected in nets and DNA is separated, individually identified, and matched with known species. The whale competes for food against different

4929:" of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). As amended by the Conference of the Parties in 1985, 1988, 1991, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2005 and 2008. Effective: 5 March 2009. 467:

whale". The species was so called because it "appeared off the coast of Norway at the same time each year as the pollock that came to feed on the abundant plankton". In the Pacific, the whale has been called the

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plates to obtain its food by opening its mouth, engulfing or skimming large amounts of the water containing the food, then straining the water out through the baleen, trapping any food items inside its mouth.

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The sei whale's body is typically a dark steel grey with irregular light grey to white markings on the ventral surface, or towards the front of the lower body. The whale has a relatively short series of 32–60

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whaling station between 1948 and 1985. Since the late 1960s to early 1970s, the sei whale has been second only to the fin whale as the preferred target of Icelandic whalers, with meat in greater demand than

1923:. At the 2001 meeting of the IWC Scientific Committee, 32 scientists submitted a document expressing their belief that the Japanese program lacked scientific rigor and would not meet minimum standards of 836:, meaning "furrow whale", because family members have a series of longitudinal pleats or grooves on the anterior half of their ventral surface. Balaenopterids diverged from the other families of suborder 1731:

earlier and more reliably than other sexes and classes, arriving in mid-July and remaining through mid-September. In some years, males and younger females remain at lower latitudes during the summer.

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Tamura; et al. (2006). "Cruise report of the second phase of the Japanese Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JAPRN II) in 2006 (part I) – Offshore component".

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at a reference distance of one metre. An observer situated one metre from a vocalizing whale would perceive a volume roughly equivalent to the volume of a jackhammer operating two meters away.

1477:. Many calls consisted of multiple parts at different frequencies. This combination distinguishes their calls from those of other whales. Most calls last about a second, and occur in the 37-98 3472:

Christensen, I.; T. Haug; N. Øien (1992). "A review of feeding and reproduction in large baleen whales (Mysticeti) and sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus in Norwegian and adjacent waters".

1970:"pirate" whaling took place in the eastern North Atlantic. There is no direct evidence of illegal whaling in the North Pacific, despite the acknowledged misreporting of whaling data by the 3194:

Tamura; et al. (2005). "Cruise report of the second phase of the Japanese Research Program under Special Permit in the Western North Pacific (JAPRN II) in 2005 – Offshore component".

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exceeded 14.6 m (48 ft) in length. The longest measured during JARPN II cruises in the North Pacific were a 16.32 m (53.5 ft) female and a 15 m (49 ft) male.

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The sei whale is the third-largest balaenopterid, after the blue whale and the fin whale. Adults usually weigh between 15–20 t (15–20 long tons; 17–22 short tons). They exhibit

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13.3–13.5 m (44–44 ft) at sexual maturity, while in the Southern Hemisphere, males average 13.6 m (45 ft) and females 14 m (46 ft). The average age of

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that ranges in height from 38–90 cm (15–35 in) and averages 53–56 cm (21–22 in), about two-thirds of the way back from the tip of the rostrum. Dorsal fin shape,

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Nemoto, T.; A. Kawamura (1977). "Characteristics of food habits and distribution of baleen whales with special reference to the abundance of North Pacific sei and Bryde's whales".

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Whale hunting with gun and camera; a naturalist's account of the modern shore-whaling industry, of whales and their habits, and of hunting experiences in various parts of the world

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really nice to do that. Everybody talked about it at the time I suppose, but it was money. At the end of the day that's what counted at the time. That's what we were there for."

5083: 1665:). The majority of the "sei" whales caught off Angola and Congo, as well as other nearby areas in equatorial West Africa, are thought to have been predominantly misidentified 1981:

Appendix II, indicating they are not immediately threatened with extinction, but may become so if they are not listed. Populations in the Southern Hemisphere are listed in

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from May to June in 2008 and 2009 made their way to the Labrador Sea, while an eighth individual tagged in September 2009 headed southeast – its signal was lost between

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Flower, W. H. (1865). "Notes on the skeletons of whales in the principal museums of Holland and Belgium, with descriptions of two species apparently new to science".

1324:, with 100% of individuals sampled off California, South Africa, and South Georgia having them; these scars have also been found on sei whales captured off Finnmark. 1500:, which had previously been attributed to fin whales. Between 2005 and 2007, low frequency downswept vocalizations were recorded in the Great South Channel, east of 4759: 2010:

Sei whales were said to have been scarce in the 1960s and early 1970s off northern Norway. One possible explanation for this disappearance is that the whales were

451:, while the Southern Hemisphere population is listed under CITES Appendix I, indicating that they are threatened and are given the highest levels of protection. 4954:

Cattanach, K.L.; J. Sigurjonsson; S.T. Buckland; Th. Gunnlaugsson (1993). "Sei whale abundance in the North Atlantic, estimated from NASS-87 and NASS-89 data".

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Olsen, E.; Budgell, P.; Head, E.; Kleivane, L.; Nøttestad, L.; Prieto, R.; et al. (2009). "First satellite-tracked long-distance movement of a sei whale (

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are relatively short, only 9–10% of body length, and pointed at the tips. Sei whales have a solitary ridge extending from the tip of the rostrum to the paired

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Clapham, P.; et al. (2002). "Relevance of JARPN II to management, and a note on scientific standards. Report of the IWC Scientific Committee, Annex Q1".

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shelf in the late 1960s and early 1970s by Canadian whalers, and off the coast of West Greenland from the 1920s to the 1950s by Norwegian and Danish whalers.

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Perrin, William F., James G. Mead, and Robert L. Brownell, Jr. "Review of the evidence used in the description of currently recognized cetacean subspecies".

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In the North Pacific, the total reported catch by commercial whalers was 72,215 between 1910 and 1975; the majority were taken after 1947. Shore stations in

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and the Gulf of Mexico, which are both considered to be small waterbodies. Sei whales are pelagic and are typically found in basins in oceans or open seas.

1134: 1826:. Their meat was a popular Norwegian food. The meat's value made the hunting of this difficult-to-catch species profitable in the early twentieth century. 4974: 435: during the late 19th and 20th centuries, when over 255,000 whales were killed, the sei whale is now internationally protected. It is listed as 3822:

Baumgartner, M.F.; Van Parijs, S.M.; Wenzel, F.W.; Tremblay, C.J.; Esch, H.C.; Ward, A.A. (2008). "Low frequency vocalizations attributed to sei whales (

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Shevchenko, V.I. (1977). "Application of white scars to the study of the location and migrations of sei whale populations in Area III of the Antarctic".

989:, with females outweighing and being longer than their male counterparts. At birth, a calf typically measures 4.4–4.5 m (14–15 ft) in length. 397:

surface has sporadic markings ranging from light grey to white, and its body is usually dark steel grey in colour. It is among the fastest of all

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Barlow, J.; K. A. Forney; P. S. Hill; R. L. Brownell Jr.; J. V. Carretta; D. P. DeMaster; F. Julian; M. S. Lowry; T. Ragen & R. R. Reeves (1997).

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was closed by its owners after a covert investigation and protests lead to prosecution by authorities for handling an endangered/protected species.

1606:, revealing a possible link between these areas, but the lack of other tag recovery data makes these two cases inconclusive. Occurrences within the 1598:

estimated that the eastern North Pacific population stood at 374 whales. Two whales tagged in deep waters off California were later recaptured off

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for individual species. Before quotas, there were no legal limits. Complete protection from commercial whaling in the North Pacific came in 1976.

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Adults have 300–380 ashy-black baleen plates on each side of the mouth, up to 80 cm (31 in) long. Each plate is made of fingernail-like

7340: 385:. It can grow to 19.5 m (64 ft) in length and weigh as much as 28 t (28 long tons; 31 short tons). Two subspecies are recognized: 3131:

Thompson, D'Arcy Wentworth. "On whales landed at the Scottish whaling stations, especially during the years 1908–1914—Part VII. The sei-whale".

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to obtain its average of about 900 kg (2,000 lb) of food each day. For an animal of its size, its preferred prey lies low within the

408: and tropical waters and semi-enclosed bodies of water. The sei whale migrates annually from cool, subpolar waters in summer to 5227: 3085: 1096:

and small fish. The whale's diet preferences has been determined from stomach analyses, direct observation of feeding behavior, and analyzing

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Mead, J.G. (1977). "Records of sei and Bryde's whales from the Atlantic coast of the United States, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean".

1958:, and with an increasing population trend, as of 2018. The sei whale did not have meaningful international protection until 1970, when the 1789:

and steam-powered whaling ships in the late nineteenth century brought previously unobtainable large whales within the reach of commercial

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in the South Pacific, while winter distribution is poorly known, with former winter whaling grounds being located off northeastern Brazil (

1618:, whales are not common, although whales were more commonly seen than today in southern part of Sea of Japan. There had been a sighting in 4922: 3558:"Biomechanically distinct filter-feeding behaviors distinguish sei whales as a functional intermediate and ecologically flexible species" 5235: 3413:

COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report: On the Sei Whale, Balaenoptera Borealis, Pacific Population, Atlantic Population, in Canada

844:. Little is known about when members of the various families in the Mysticeti, including the Balaenopteridae, diverged from each other. 3020:"Special Issue: The Great Whales: History and Status of Six Species Listed as Endangered Under the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973" 2968: 1292:

were only found on 8% of sei whales caught off California and 4% of those taken off South Georgia and South Africa. The pseudo-stalked

5087: 7573: 1365:, which was found in 40% of sei whales sampled off California; it was also found in individuals off South Georgia and Finnmark) and 7598: 7314: 5241:

Official website of the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area

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Segre, Paolo S.; Weir, Caroline R.; Stanworth, Andrew; Cartwright, Steve; Friedlaender, Ari S.; Goldbogen, Jeremy A. (1 May 2021).

2342: 1805:, blue whales, fin whales, and humpback whales became depleted, sei whales were hunted in earnest, particularly from 1950 to 1980. 2678:"The chronology of mysticete diversification (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti): Body size, morphological evolution and global change" 7603: 7353: 4399:

Prieto, Rui, Monica A. Silva, Martine Berube, Per J. Palsbøll (2012). "Migratory destinations and sex composition of sei whales (

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Ecological Characterization of the Central and Northern California Coastal Region: pt.1. Regional characterization. pt.2. Species

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Weinrich, M.T.; C.R. Belt; M.R. Schilling; M. Marcy (1986). "Behavior of sei whales in the southern Gulf of Maine, summer 1986".

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was commonly found in the baleen of sei whales taken off South Georgia (nearly 85%). They often carry heavy infestations of

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Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des mammifères et des oiseaux découverts depuis 1788 jusqu'à nos jours: Cétacés

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9,718 whales based upon survey data between 1978 and 1988. Prior to commercial whaling, there were an estimated 65,000.

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Its skin is often marked by pits or wounds, which after healing become white scars. These are now known to be caused by

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Jonsgård, Å. (1974). "On whale exploitation in the eastern part of the North Atlantic Ocean". In W. E. Schevill (ed.).

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Amending the Atlantic Large Whale Take Reduction Plan, Broad-based Gear Modifications: Environmental Impact Statement

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was found on 9% of individuals caught off California; it was also found on a sei whale taken off South Africa. The

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Rice, D.W. (1977). "Synopsis of biological data on the sei whale and Bryde's whale in the eastern North Pacific".

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and follows the continental slope northward in spring. Large females lead the northward migration and reach the

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Weir, C.R. (2010). "A review of cetacean occurrence in West African waters from the Gulf of Guinea to Angola".

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described Rudolphi's specimen under the name "rorqual du Nord". In 1828, Rene Lesson translated this term into

3683:. Office of Biological Services, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. 1981. p. 52. 3678: 3388: 7418: 6435: 6160: 6151: 3500:. Reykjavik Conference on Responsible Fisheries in the Marine Ecosystem, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1–4 October 2001 1626:

in whaling days, making the area well known as sei – ground. There had been sightings of the species off the

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Mass death events for sei whales have been recorded for many years and evidence suggests endemic poisoning (

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range, well within the range of human hearing. The maximum volume of the vocal sequences is reported as 156

6964: 5981: 5972: 5904: 5153:. Encyclopedia of Earth, National Council for Science and Environment; content partner Encyclopedia of Life 5052:

Braham, H. (1992). Endangered whales: Status update (Report). Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA.

2575:"Whole-genome sequencing of the blue whale and other rorquals finds signatures for introgressive gene flow" 1046: 4103: 7392: 7239: 7213: 7063: 6991: 6202: 6169: 5931: 5245: 5028: 5006: 4497: 2402: 2035: 1752: 112: 7244: 3618:

Lockyer, C.; A.R. Martin (1983). "The sei whale off western Iceland. II. Age, growth and reproduction".

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shore stations processed 386 whales. Commercial Sei whaling ended in the eastern North Pacific in 1971.

1334:) films on sei whales are rare, having been found on sei whales taken off California and South Georgia. 7096: 7087: 6014: 5422: 4279:

Mitchell, E.; D.G. Chapman (1977). "Preliminary assessment of stocks of northwest Atlantic sei whales (

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infests the baleen of sei whales caught off California, South Georgia, South Africa, and Finnmark. The

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Watkins, W.A.; W.E. Schevill (1979). "Aerial observations of feeding behavior in four baleen whales:

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Hemisphere whales average 17–18.5 t (16.7–18.2 long tons; 18.7–20.4 short tons) in body weight.

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were rarely found on sei whales off California (only 0.8%). They often bear scars from the bites of

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1976, this number had dropped to below 2,000 and commercial whaling for the species ended in 1977.

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coasts. In the Southern Hemisphere, summer distribution based upon historic catch data is between

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Collect, R. (1886). "On the external characters of Rudolphi's rorqual (Balaenoptera borealis)".

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as early as the first week of June may move farther northward and arrive at waters southwest of

1242:). Off central California, they mainly feed on anchovies between June and August, and on krill ( 7498: 7345: 7153: 7036: 7000: 6955: 6840: 6648: 5725: 5707: 4654:(Press release). The Institute of Cetacean Research, Tokyo, Japan. 1 March 2002. Archived from 3697:

McDonald, M.; Hildebrand, J.; Wiggins, S.; Thiele, D.; Glasgow, D.; Moore, S. (December 2005).

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Martin, A.R. (1983). "The sei whale off western Iceland. I. Size, distribution and abundance".

1995: 1736: 1549: 32: 7205: 4919: 4689:(Press release). The Institute of Cetacean Research, Tokyo, Japan. 20 May 2002. Archived from 1739:

into that area. Some evidence from tagging data indicates individuals return off the coast of

1246:) during September and October. In the Southern Hemisphere, prey species include the copepods 7583: 7493: 7218: 6262: 6253: 5485: 5265: 2454:, Handbook of the Mammals of Europe, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–31, 2323: 2281: 2030: 1700: 1271: 1179: 217: 2984: 2867:

Schilling, M.R.; I. Seipt; M.T. Weinrich; S.E. Frohock; A.E. Kuhlberg; P.J. Clapham (1992).

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A total of 152,233 were taken in the Southern Hemisphere between 1910 and 1979. Whaling in

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latitude in the summer. Approximately 75% of the North Pacific population lives east of the

472:; "finner" was a common term used to refer to rorquals. It has also been referred to as the 7288: 7200: 6731: 6657: 5895: 5413: 4953: 4883: 4576:"Overview of Laws and Regulations Protecting Whales | Animal Legal & Historical Center" 4220: 4117:

Sei Whales in the Adjacent Waters of Japan. II. Further Studies on the External Characters.

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in August and September, and a southbound migration begins moving west and south along the

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Jonsgård, Å.; K. Darling (1977). "On the biology of the eastern North Atlantic sei whale,

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The sei whale feeds near the surface of the ocean, swimming on its side through swarms of

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IWC (1996). "Report of the sub-committee on Southern Hemisphere baleen whales, Annex E".

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Guldberg, G.A. (1885). "On the existence of a fourth species of the genus Balaenoptera".

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It inhabits most oceans and adjoining seas, and prefers deep offshore waters. It avoids

7270: 7054: 6519: 6510: 6277: 6086: 6077: 6062: 6053: 5913: 5847: 5838: 5782: 5773: 5476: 5149: 4979: 4901: 4251: 4208: 3804: 3737: 3346: 2713: 2609: 2574: 2430: 2100: 1955: 1866:

it became scarce in Japanese waters, ending commercial whaling in the country by 1975.

1780: 1662: 1658: 1607: 1599: 1406: 1321: 1042: 994: 915: 908: 829: 493: 436: 432: 401:, and can reach speeds of up to 50 km/h (31 mph) over short distances. 359: 277: 107: 4523:

Tillman, M.F. (1977). "Estimates of population size for the North Pacific sei whale".

4350:

in the Denmark Strait (June–July 1981) and recent marking and sightings off Iceland".

4085: 1715:

later in the summer. In the northeast Atlantic, the sei whale winters as far south as

1337:

Due to their diverse diet, endoparasites are frequent and abundant in sei whales. The

1061: 7252: 6920: 6602: 6593: 6005: 5922: 5633: 5624: 5187: 5174: 5161: 5139: 4827: 4738: 4420:

Sigurjónsson, J. (1988). "Operational factors of the Icelandic large whale fishery".

4256: 4238: 4155: 4052: 3990: 3904: 3861: 3729: 3579: 3420: 3293: 2717: 2705: 2614: 2509:. Vol. 1. Mammalia, birds (J. Richardson and J. E. Gray, eds.). E. W. Jansen, London. 2463: 2422: 2262: 2191: 2165: 2155: 2108: 1842: 1565: 1442:

months, or one year. During the breeding period, a mating pair will remain together.

986: 900: 794: 464: 443:, despite increasing populations. The Northern Hemisphere population is listed under 264: 4073:

Recent sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) sightings in the Gulf of California, Mexico

3808: 2701: 2434: 2401:

Haberland, Christian; Hampe, Oliver; Autenrieth, Marijke; Voß, Manja (1 July 2019).

1068:, shrimp-like marine invertebrate animals, are one of the sei whale's primary foods. 7449: 6855: 6777: 6768: 6758: 6477: 6418: 6303: 6134: 5530: 5512: 5503: 5258: 5197:

Oudejans, M. G.; Visser, F. (2010). "First confirmed record of a living sei whale (

4905: 4891: 4728: 4717:"Japan's Introduction from the Sea of Sei Whale Meat: the Breaking Point of CITES?" 4382: 4246: 4228: 4151: 3851: 3843: 3796: 3741: 3721: 3569: 3338: 3067: 2773: 2697: 2604: 2596: 2579: 2459: 2455: 2448:

Prieto, Rui; Weir, Caroline R. (2020), Hackländer, Klaus; Zachos, Frank E. (eds.),

2414: 2311: 2209: 2072: 2011: 1830: 1666: 1603: 1561: 1545: 1385: 1023: 817: 517: 333: 298: 7257: 4495: 3800: 3171:

Mitchell, E.D. (1975). "Preliminary report on Nova Scotia fishery for sei whales (

2795:"Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) - MarLIN - The Marine Life Information Network" 2026:'s 1977 population estimates were between 1,393 and 2,248, with a minimum of 870. 7467: 6238: 6220: 6211: 6101: 5716: 5698: 5680: 5548: 4926: 4477:

Aguilar, A.; S. Lens (1981). "Preliminary report on Spanish whaling operations".

4464:

Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions, Cons. Perm. Int. L'Explor. Mer, Vol. LVI

4233: 4195: 4176: 3762: 3755: 2449: 1987: 1911:, dispute the value of this research, claiming that sei whales feed primarily on 1623: 1619: 1541: 1451: 1371: 587: 7524: 7423: 7384: 2866: 1633:

Sei whales have been recorded from northern Indian Ocean as well such as around

6119: 5886: 5758: 5749: 5596: 5587: 5319: 4462:

Ingebrigtsen, A. (1929). "Whales caught in the North Atlantic and other seas".

4116: 3754:

Direct comparisons of sounds in water to sounds in air can be complicated, see

3696: 3071: 2418: 2086: 2019: 1883: 1764: 1751:, traveled more than 4,000 km (2,500 mi) to the Labrador Sea via the 1728: 1675: 1615: 1557: 1356: 1300: 1109: 885: 809: 738: 505: 4106:. Bulletin of the Shiretoko Museum 27: pp.37-46. Retrieved on 16 December 2015 4075:. Aquatic Mammals 1996, 22.2, pp.127-130 (pdf). Retrieved on February 24, 2017 2794: 1930:

In 2010, a Los Angeles exclusive sushi restaurant confirmed to be serving sei

1492:

In November 2002, scientists recorded calls in the presence of sei whales off

1283:

Ectoparasites and epibiotics are rare on sei whales. Species of the parasitic

7567: 7366: 7176: 6712: 6537: 5940: 5665: 5614: 5381: 5372: 4742: 4733: 4716: 4386: 4242: 3879: 3583: 3363: 3058:

Lockyer, C. (February 1976). "Body weights of some species of large whales".

2709: 2572: 2426: 2315: 2200: 2145: 1963: 1951: 1696: 1692: 1505: 1486: 1415: 1361: 1338: 1207: 1139: 1073: 1005:(48 ft) and 15 m (49 ft), in males and females, respectively. 880: 848:

suggests that sei and blue whales are closely related, with gray whales as a

485: 440: 413: 80: 4847:

Best, P.B. (1992). "Catches of fin whales in the North Atlantic by the M.V.

3031: 2983:. Silver Spring, Maryland: National Marine Fisheries Service. Archived from 2169: 1528: 942:, or lobe, is relatively small in relation to the size of the whale's body. 7306: 6795: 6358: 6349: 6339: 5467: 5347: 5331: 4760:"Japanese Scientific Whaling: Irresponsible Science, Irresponsible Whaling" 4260: 4169: 3865: 3733: 2618: 2600: 2236: 2029:

A 1977 study estimated Pacific Ocean totals of 9,110, based upon catch and

1971: 1744: 1708: 1688: 1627: 1611: 1513: 1102: 849: 837: 370: 194: 4690: 1375:, found in sei whales off California and South Georgia) in the intestine, 564:. In 1884–85, the Norwegian scientist G. A. Guldberg first identified the 7506: 7472: 7405: 7327: 7185: 6556: 5797: 5396: 5325: 5250: 4684:"Japan's senior whale scientist responds to New York Times advertisement" 4011:"SEI WHALE (Balaenoptera borealis borealis): Eastern North Pacific Stock" 2296: 2023: 1924: 1846: 1802: 1756: 1716: 1704: 1509: 1467: 1316: 1093: 825: 600: 425: 405: 164: 7280: 4975:"Scientists stumble across endangered whale not seen in Canada in years" 3959:

Masaki, Y. (1976). "Biological studies on the North Pacific sei whale".

969: 939: 7319: 5572: 5563: 5521: 5362: 4553:

Pike, G.C; I.B. MacAskie (1969). "Marine mammals of British Columbia".

3574: 3557: 3350: 2778: 2757: 2573:Árnason, U.; Lammers, F.; Kumar, V.; Nilsson, M. A.; Janke, A. (2018). 2040: 1931: 1871: 1798: 1724: 1669:. For example, Ruud (1952) found that 42 of the "sei whale" caught off 1556:. The southernmost confirmed records are strandings along the northern 1089: 1031: 927: 860: 813: 691: 529: 448: 378: 4655: 3847: 3725: 489: 7332: 6813: 6675: 5539: 5158:

Whales & Dolphins Guide to the Biology and Behaviour of Cetaceans

4896: 4871: 3856: 3250:

Edds, P.L.; T.J. MacIntyre; R. Naveen (1984). "Notes on a sei whale (

1835: 1794: 1712: 1634: 1553: 1419: 1390: 1330: 1227: 1113: 1085: 853: 821: 718: 409: 398: 382: 124: 7147: 5236:

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) – species profile for the Sei Whale

3342: 2018:

stocks during the late 1960s may be another culprit. Surveys in the

528:

named a 14 m (46 ft) specimen that had been obtained from

412:, subtropical waters in winter with a lifespan of 70 years. It is a 7170: 6574: 6547: 6459: 6400: 6193: 5996: 5313: 5301: 4984: 3821: 3448: 3106:

Dolphins, Porpoises and Whales of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book

2048: 1916: 1823: 1579: 1501: 1397:, found in 38% of individuals caught off California) in the liver. 1376: 1349: 1304: 1293: 1288: 1267: 1235: 977: 569: 488:

initially identified a 9.8 m (32 ft) whale stranded near

417: 144: 3410:

Canada, Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in (2003).

3017: 2873:

during an episodic influx into the southern Gulf of Maine in 1986"

2154:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 723–743. 949:

Close-up view of baleen plates, used to strain food from the water

856:

between minke whales and the ancestors of the blue and sei whale.

7293: 6620: 6486: 6382: 6373: 6029: 5449: 5282: 3880:"South Georgia: The lost whaling station at the end of the world" 3494:

Competition for food in the Ocean: Man and other apical predators

3249: 2151:

Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference

2015: 1790: 1786: 1776: 1760: 1740: 1622:, and whales were much more abundant in the triangle area around 1482: 1446: 1366: 1346: 1284: 1215: 1187: 1142:, it feeds on similar zooplankton, including the copepod species 1050: 1038: 1027: 998: 954: 931: 841: 805: 374: 184: 174: 46: 7485: 4537: 3637:

Lockyer, C. (1977). "Some estimates of growth in the sei whale,

3449:

Mizroch, S.A.; D.W. Rice; J.M. Breiwick (1984). "The Sei Whale,

7226: 6110: 5307: 5295: 4762:(Press release). WWF-International. 1 June 2005. Archived from 4047:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 3775:

Rankin, S.; Barlow, J. (2007). "Vocalizations of the sei whale

2403:"Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828: rediscovery of a holotype" 1946:

Member states of the International Whaling Commission (in blue)

1748: 1699:

by mid- to late- June. They are present off the south coast of

1411: 1325: 1077: 923: 154: 134: 4119:

Scientific Report of the Whales Research Institute, 9, 89-103.

1649:

latitude in the South Atlantic and southern Indian Oceans and

1314:

were each only found on 0.4% of whales caught off California.

840:, also called the whalebone whales, as long ago as the middle 7519: 6694: 6685: 6584: 5136:

National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World

3471: 1982: 1978: 1912: 1901: 1862: 1858: 1670: 1638: 1478: 1123: 1097: 1065: 895: 444: 421: 97: 91: 3555: 3419:. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 2676:

Bisconti, M.; Pellegrino, L.; Carnevale, G. (1 April 2023).

934:

pattern, and scarring have been used to a limited extent in

6630: 6038: 5240: 5026: 4943:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 97–107. 2966: 2675: 2400: 1920: 1497: 1493: 533: 520:, ignoring Lesson's designation, named Rudolphi's specimen 339: 3987:

The sei whale: population biology, ecology, and management

3312: 447:

Appendix II, which indicates they are not threatened with

5663: 3090:. NMFS, Scientific Publications Office. 1984. p. 27. 2080: 1458:

is 8–10 years. The whales can reach ages up to 70 years.

1455: 945: 808:(family Balaenopteridae), baleen whales that include the 4368: 4278: 2505:

Gray, J. E. 1846. On the cetaceous animals. pp. 1–53 in

1829:

In Iceland, a total of 2,574 whales were taken from the

1707:

shelf from mid-September to mid-November. Whales in the

911:

that are a distinctive characteristic of baleen whales.

548:—in 1946 the Russian scientist A.G. Tomilin synonymized 5345: 5222:

US National Marine Fisheries Service Sei Whale web page

4629:. The Humane Society of the United States. pp. 3–4 4601:"WWF condemns Iceland's announcement to resume whaling" 4296: 4294: 4274: 4272: 4270: 2353:. American Cetacean Society. March 2004. Archived from 1743:

on an annual basis. An individual satellite-tagged off

4721:

International Journal of Law and Public Administration

4552: 4323:

Kapel, F.O. (1985). "On the occurrence of sei whales (

4300: 3929:. Environmental Impact Statement. 2007. pp. 4–62. 3617: 2022:

found 1,290 whales in 1987, and 1,590 whales in 1989.

3613: 3611: 3609: 3518: 3125: 2507:

The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Erebus and Terror

2114:

Pacific Islands Cetaceans Memorandum of Understanding

1845:, beginning in the 1920s by Spanish whalers, off the 1178:. In addition, it eats larger organisms, such as the 348: 336: 5004: 4805:"L.A. eatery charged with serving whale meat closes" 4498:"U.S. Pacific marine mammal stock assessments: 1996" 4291: 4267: 4207:

Baines, Mick; Weir, Caroline R. (23 December 2020).

3944:

Lesson, 1828". In S.H. Ridgway; R. Harrison (eds.).

2568: 2566: 2375: 2062: 524:, which others followed. In 1865, British zoologist 484:

On 21 February 1819, Swedish-born German naturalist

5111:"Dead whales in Pacific could be fault of the Blob" 4715:Jayne Lyman, Erica; Jamin, Olivier (22 June 2018). 2294: 2260: 1919:which are not hunted by humans, and only rarely on 961:smooth rostrum, the sei whale's rostrum is curved. 4476: 3606: 2295: 2261: 1389:, nearly 60% of whales taken off California), and 997:in July 1911 is doubted. Five specimens taken off 889:A sei whale showing distinctive upright dorsal fin 4603:(Press release). WWF-International. 7 August 2003 4415: 4413: 3118:Skinner, J.D. and Christian T. Chimimba. (2006). 2635:. IberiaNature – Natural history facts and trivia 2563: 2014:. The drastic reduction in northeastern Atlantic 459:"Sei whale" is an anglicization of the Norwegian 7565: 4714: 4470: 4461: 4419: 4345: 4041:"Whales and whale research in the North Pacific" 3706:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 3656:Risting, S (1928). "Whales and whale foetuses". 2869:"Behavior of individually identified sei whales 2818: 2755: 2663:McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science & Technology 377:species, and the third-largest member after the 3177:Reports of the International Whaling Commission 3018:S.L. Perry; D.P. DeMaster; G.K. Silber (1999). 2834: 2832: 2830: 5196: 5084:"337 Whales Beached in Largest Stranding Ever" 4869: 4410: 4339: 3120:The Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region 3053: 3051: 3049: 2215:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T2475A130482064.en 1977:Northern Hemisphere populations are listed in 1540:In the North Atlantic, its range extends from 1049:than other whale species; they rarely exhibit 5266: 5138:, Reeves, Stewart, Clapham and Powell, 2002, 4522: 4438: 4170:SEI Whale at Beagle canal, Ushuaia, Argentina 3692: 3690: 3465: 2967:Reeves, R.; G. Silber; M. Payne (July 1998). 2912: 2766:Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science 2653: 1817:A sei whale (foreground) caught off Finnmark. 1512:shelf waters, the mid-Atlantic Bight, and in 863:have been identified—the northern sei whale ( 476:because it somewhat resembles the fin whale. 416:, with its diet consisting primarily of 5108: 5047: 5045: 4938: 4518: 4516: 4514: 4346:Sigurjónsson, J. (1983). "The cruise of the 4104:Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises off Shiretoko 3980: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3828:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 3774: 3699:"Sei whale sounds recorded in the Antarctic" 3444: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3385:"New Research Method May Ease Whale Killing" 3232: 3230: 3228: 3164: 3151: 3122:. Cambridge University Press, Third Edition. 3099: 3097: 2862: 2860: 2858: 2827: 2758:"On the feeding mechanism of the sei whale ( 2451:Sei Whale Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828 2139: 993:caught 80 km (50 mi) northwest of 5246:Voices in the Sea – Sounds of the Sei Whale 5027:Carretta, J. V. & K. A. Forney (1993). 5020: 4932: 4912: 4863: 4821: 4787:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 4784: 4593: 4322: 4130:A CATALOGUE OF INDIAN MARINE MAMMAL RECORDS 3984: 3948:. London: Academic Press. pp. 155–170. 3939: 3636: 3289:Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World 3285: 3206: 3187: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3112: 3046: 2189: 1278: 5280: 5273: 5259: 5201:(Lesson, 1828)) in Irish coastal waters". 5051: 4947: 4846: 4826:. Seattle, WA: Univ. of Washington Press. 4621: 4318: 4316: 4206: 4038: 3958: 3933: 3687: 3655: 3595: 3593: 3540: 3490: 3387:. National Geographic News. Archived from 3238:The Natural History of Whales and Dolphins 2938: 2812: 2531: 2447: 1890: 263: 69: 45: 31: 6766: 6720: 5148:Eds. C. Michael Hogan and C.J.Cleveland. 5042: 4895: 4778: 4732: 4678: 4676: 4542:. Oslo: Committee for Whaling Statistics. 4538:Committee for Whaling Statistics (1942). 4511: 4432: 4250: 4232: 3971: 3897:Tinker, Spencer Wilkie (1 January 1988). 3855: 3630: 3573: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3433: 3382: 3225: 3103: 3094: 2855: 2777: 2647: 2608: 2213: 2140:Mead, J. G.; Brownell, R. L. Jr. (2005). 1516:. It likely functions as a contact call. 1022:Very little is known about the sei whale 5173:, editors Perrin, Wursig and Thewissen, 5082:Howard, Brian Clark (20 November 2015). 4815: 4754: 4752: 4489: 3952: 3484: 3357: 3286:Corporation, Marshall Cavendish (2001). 3276:. New York: D. Appleton and Co., p. 128. 3170: 3138: 2838: 2550: 1941: 1812: 1527: 1060: 976: 968: 944: 884: 6545: 4998: 4840: 4313: 3649: 3590: 3306: 3057: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2934: 2932: 2736:Integrated Taxonomic Information System 2001: 7566: 6683: 5622: 5081: 5056: 4972: 4673: 4649:"Japan not catching endangered whales" 4641: 4546: 4531: 4439:Andrews, R.C. (1916). "The sei whale ( 4032: 4018:Marine Mammal Stock Assessment Reports 3896: 3527: 3512: 3409: 3376: 3243: 3212: 3193: 2970:Draft Recovery Plan for the Fin Whale 2908: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2839:Matthews, L.H. (1938). "The sei whale 2518: 2488: 2185: 2183: 2181: 2179: 1937: 1877: 1523: 1418:, subtropical seas during the winter. 1045:protrude. The whale is generally less 7152: 7151: 5662: 5344: 5254: 5186:, Carwardine (1995, reprinted 2000), 5086:. National Geographic. Archived from 4824:Conservation and Management of Whales 4749: 4570: 4568: 3673: 3671: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3007: 3005: 2521:Proceedings of the Zoological Society 2337: 2335: 2333: 1594:. As of February 2017, the U.S. 1571:In the North Pacific, it ranges from 1017: 358: 16:Third-largest species of baleen whale 7460:1259e961-6d2a-4b68-9be6-fd49b7e1bbd3 6582: 5160:, Maurizio Wurtz and Nadia Repetto. 5005:Hill, P. S. & J. Barlow (1992). 4141: 3292:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 1645. 2947: 2929: 2724: 2369: 2324:participating institution membership 2282:participating institution membership 852:. This study also found significant 828:. Rorquals take their name from the 6628: 5228:images and movies of the sei whale 5062: 2897: 2756:Brodie, P.; Víkingsson, G. (2009). 2495:(in French). Baudouin. p. 442. 2201:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2176: 2133: 938:studies. The tail is thick and the 13: 5128: 5109:On the Coast (14 September 2015). 5036:NOAA Technical Memo NMFS-SWFSC-185 5014:NOAA Technical Memo NMFS-SWFSC-169 4565: 4403:) transiting through the Azores". 4045:The Whale Problem: a status report 3946:Handbook of Marine Mammals, Vol. 3 3668: 3002: 2792: 2330: 1122:, with a secondary preference for 516:). In 1846, the English zoologist 504:). In 1823, the French naturalist 54:Size compared to an average human 14: 7630: 6295:Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin ( 5215: 4973:Rabson, Mia (26 September 2018). 4071:Gendron D.. Rosales C. S.. 1996. 4016:National Marine Fisheries Service 3989:. Kent, England: Croom Helm Ltd. 1992:National Marine Fisheries Service 1907:Conservation groups, such as the 1841:Small numbers were taken off the 1808: 1801:. Once stocks of more profitable 1596:National Marine Fisheries Service 7574:IUCN Red List endangered species 5102: 5075: 4966: 4797: 4540:International whaling statistics 4156:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2009.00153.x 4115:Omura, H. and Fujino, K. (1954) 4086:"Сейвал / Balaenoptera borealis" 2093: 2079: 2065: 1960:International Whaling Commission 1852: 1461: 332: 111: 7599:Cetaceans of the Atlantic Ocean 6436:Indo-Pacific finless porpoise ( 6313:Tamanend's bottlenose dolphin ( 6161:Indian Ocean humpback dolphin ( 6152:Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin ( 4708: 4615: 4455: 4393: 4362: 4200: 4181: 4162: 4135: 4122: 4109: 4096: 4078: 4065: 4003: 3940:Gambell, R. (1985). "Sei Whale 3917: 3890: 3872: 3815: 3768: 3748: 3562:Journal of Experimental Biology 3549: 3403: 3279: 3266: 3254:Lesson) sighted off Maryland". 3135:, nos. 85-96 (1919), pp. 37–46. 3078: 2786: 2749: 2702:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104373 2669: 2625: 2544: 2512: 2499: 2482: 2379:Whalebone Whales of New England 2343:"Sei Whale & Bryde's Whale 1962:first set catch quotas for the 1950:The sei whale is listed by the 1400: 1012: 7604:Cetaceans of the Pacific Ocean 5982:Southern right whale dolphin ( 5973:Northern right whale dolphin ( 5905:Atlantic white-sided dolphin ( 5184:Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises 5171:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals 4505:NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-SWFSC-248 4466:. Copenhagen: Høst & Fils. 3903:. Brill Archive. p. 281. 3060:ICES Journal of Marine Science 2539:NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS 2460:10.1007/978-3-319-65038-8_86-1 2441: 2394: 2288: 2254: 2229: 1898:Institute of Cetacean Research 1422:is estimated to vary around 10 1383:sp., California) and stomach ( 1037:compared the sei whale to the 874: 1: 7594:Cetaceans of the Indian Ocean 7579:Cetaceans of the Arctic Ocean 7019:Deraniyagala's beaked whale ( 6992:Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale ( 6203:Pantropical spotted dolphin ( 6170:Australian humpback dolphin ( 5932:Pacific white-sided dolphin ( 4327:) in West Greenland waters". 3961:Bull. Far Seas Fish. Res. Lab 3801:10.1080/09524622.2007.9753572 3383:Darby, A. (6 February 2002). 2376:Glover Morrill Allen (1916). 2127: 1785:The development of explosive 1258:, as well as the euphausiids 1184:Todarodes pacificus pacificus 6015:Australian snubfin dolphin ( 5423:North Atlantic right whale ( 4624:"Iceland's Whaling Comeback" 4234:10.1371/journal.pone.0244068 4043:. In Schervill, W.E. (ed.). 3272:Andrews, Roy Chapman. 1916. 2665:. The McGraw Hill Companies. 1681: 1186:, and small fish, including 454: 7: 6965:Blainville's beaked whale ( 6906:Tropical bottlenose whale ( 6882:Southern bottlenose whale ( 6873:Northern bottlenose whale ( 6322:Common bottlenose dolphin ( 6179:Atlantic humpback dolphin ( 5432:North Pacific right whale ( 4851:(and associated vessels)". 3779:off the Hawaiian Islands". 3491:Tamura, T. (October 2001). 3236:Evans, Peter G. H. (1987). 2633:"Etymology of mammal names" 2058: 2036:Fisheries and Oceans Canada 1753:Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone 797:of six baleen whale species 479: 431:Following large-scale 10: 7635: 7064:Stejneger's beaked whale ( 6445:Yangtze finless porpoise ( 6230:Atlantic spotted dolphin ( 5815:Short-finned pilot whale ( 4920:Appendix I and Appendix II 4872:"Validity of whaling data" 4555:Fish. Res. Bd. Canada Bull 4373:) in the North Atlantic". 3030:(1): 52–58. Archived from 2541:(December 2009), pp. 1–35. 2419:10.1515/mammalia-2017-0149 2382:. Vol. 8. p. 234 1774: 1770: 1465: 1404: 1056: 878: 867:) and southern sei whale ( 556:, creating the subspecies 502:Balaenoptera acutorostrata 306:Sibbaldius schlegelii 40:Sei whale mother and calf 7619:Endangered Fauna of China 7609:Mammals described in 1828 7160: 7109: 7097:Shepherd's beaked whale ( 7085: 6918: 6894: 6853: 6811: 6794: 6757: 6711: 6674: 6640:Araguaian river dolphin ( 6619: 6573: 6536: 6508: 6457: 6416: 6399: 6371: 6347: 6338: 6275: 6251: 6191: 6132: 6099: 6075: 6051: 6027: 5994: 5953: 5884: 5860: 5836: 5824:Long-finned pilot whale ( 5795: 5771: 5747: 5696: 5679: 5675: 5658: 5613: 5585: 5561: 5465: 5448: 5394: 5370: 5361: 5357: 5340: 5290: 2886:: 749–755. Archived from 2303:Oxford English Dictionary 2269:Oxford English Dictionary 1630:during cetacean surveys. 1532:Beached sei whale carcass 1308:and the stalked barnacle 1154:, and euphausiid species 1129:Meganyctiphanes norvegica 732: 712: 705: 685: 678: 649: 627: 620: 613: 598: 591: 283: 276: 271: 262: 246: 241: 223: 216: 108:Scientific classification 106: 89: 67: 58: 53: 44: 39: 30: 25: 6983:Gervais's beaked whale ( 6938:Sowerby's beaked whale ( 6649:Bolivian river dolphin ( 4734:10.11114/ijlpa.v1i1.3379 4387:10.1578/am.35.3.2009.313 4309:. Spec. Iss. 1: 124–129. 4287:. Spec. Iss. 1: 117–120. 3474:Fauna Norvegica Series A 3108:. Cambridge, U.K.: IUCN. 3072:10.1093/icesjms/36.3.259 2943:. Spec. Iss. 1: 113–116. 2823:. Spec. Iss. 1: 130–134. 2489:Lesson, René P. (1828). 2148:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). 1582:in the winter, and from 1548:to Norway, and from the 1297:Xenobalanus globicipitis 1279:Parasites and epibiotics 1112:, it feeds primarily on 1047:active on water surfaces 973:Painting of a sei whale. 532:, on the north coast of 7121:Cuvier's beaked whale ( 7046:Perrin's beaked whale ( 7010:Hector's beaked whale ( 6974:Ramari's beaked whale ( 6947:Andrews' beaked whale ( 6823:Arnoux's beaked whale ( 6496:Burmeister's porpoise ( 6263:Rough-toothed dolphin ( 5687:(Oceanic dolphins) 5486:Antarctic minke whale ( 5230:(Balaenoptera borealis) 4870:Yablokov, A.V. (1994). 4527:. Spec. Iss. 1: 98–106. 4445:Mem. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist 3658:Rapp. Cons. Explor. Mer 3601:Proc. Zool. Soc. London 3133:The Scottish Naturalist 3087:Marine Fisheries Review 3024:Marine Fisheries Review 2915:"Balaenoptera borealis" 2732:"Balaenoptera borealis" 2308:Oxford University Press 2274:Oxford University Press 1891:Post-protection whaling 1592:International Date Line 1564:. It rarely enters the 964: 846:Whole genome sequencing 7614:ESA endangered species 6832:Baird's beaked whale ( 6732:Ganges river dolphin ( 6658:Amazon river dolphin ( 6039:Orca or killer whale ( 5963:(Right whale dolphins) 5896:White-beaked dolphin ( 5414:Southern right whale ( 5038:. U.S. Dept. Commerce. 5016:. U.S. Dept. Commerce. 4793:(supplement): 395–396. 3645:. Spec. Iss. 1: 58–62. 3545:. Spec. Iss. 1: 92–97. 3523:. Spec. Iss. 1: 80–87. 3323:Megaptera novaeangliae 3104:Klinowska, M. (1991). 2917:. Animal Diversity Web 2913:Shefferly, N. (1999). 2654:Gingerich, P. (2004). 2601:10.1126/sciadv.aap9873 2316:10.1093/OED/1406967721 1996:Endangered Species Act 1947: 1818: 1725:coastal Western Sahara 1550:southern United States 1533: 1395:Lecithodesmus spinosus 1343:Balaenophilus unisetus 1069: 982: 974: 950: 890: 735:Megaptera novaeangliae 7494:Paleobiology Database 7271:balaenoptera-borealis 7232:balaenoptera-borealis 7219:Balaenoptera_borealis 7206:Balaenoptera_borealis 7192:Balaenoptera borealis 7162:Balaenoptera borealis 7073:Spade-toothed whale ( 7037:True's beaked whale ( 7028:Strap-toothed whale ( 7001:Gray's beaked whale ( 6956:Hubbs' beaked whale ( 6841:Sato's beaked whale ( 6741:Indus river dolphin ( 6469:Spectacled porpoise ( 6285:(Bottlenose dolphins) 5726:Heaviside's dolphin ( 5708:Commerson's dolphin ( 5513:Pygmy Bryde's whale ( 5199:Balaenoptera borealis 4441:Balaenoptera borealis 4401:Balaenoptera borealis 4371:Balaenoptera borealis 4303:Balaenoptera borealis 4281:Balaenoptera borealis 4194:13 April 2016 at the 4175:13 April 2016 at the 4128:Sathasivam K.. 2015. 3942:Balaenoptera borealis 3824:Balaenoptera borealis 3777:Balaenoptera borealis 3765:for more information. 3639:Balaenoptera borealis 3451:Balaenoptera borealis 3327:Balaenoptera physalus 3319:Balaenoptera borealis 3252:Balaenoptera borealis 3173:Balaenoptera borealis 2976:Balaenoptera borealis 2972:Balaenoptera physalus 2871:Balaenoptera borealis 2841:Balaenoptera borealis 2760:Balaenoptera borealis 2682:Earth-Science Reviews 2345:Balaenoptera borealis 2208:: e.T2475A130482064. 2194:Balaenoptera borealis 2055:, may be implicated. 1945: 1816: 1531: 1372:Tetrabothrius affinis 1272:Themisto gaudichaudii 1256:Drepanopus pectinatus 1232:Trachurus symmetricus 1180:Japanese flying squid 1064: 980: 972: 948: 920:Isistius brasiliensis 888: 688:Eschrichtius robustus 522:Balaenoptera laticeps 514:Balaenoptera physalus 510:Balaenoptera borealis 366:Balaenoptera borealis 295:Balaenoptera laticeps 227:Balaenoptera borealis 7055:Pygmy beaked whale ( 6928:(Mesoplodont whales) 6087:False killer whale ( 6063:Melon-headed whale ( 5783:Pygmy killer whale ( 5477:Common minke whale ( 5065:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4956:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4925:11 June 2011 at the 4853:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4822:Allen, K.R. (1980). 4525:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4479:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4422:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4352:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4329:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4325:Balenoptera borealis 4307:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 4285:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3985:Horwood, J. (1987). 3761:25 July 2009 at the 3643:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3620:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3543:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3521:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3215:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3196:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 3154:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 2941:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 2821:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm 2357:on 27 September 2006 2237:"Appendices | CITES" 2190:Cooke, J.G. (2018). 2002:Population estimates 1838:, the prior target. 1610:have been fewer. In 1362:Bolbosoma turbinella 1311:Conchoderma virgatum 1264:Euphausia vallentini 1144:Neocalanus cristatus 1119:Calanus finmarchicus 936:photo-identification 916:cookie-cutter sharks 526:William Henry Flower 6863:(Bottlenose whales) 6603:Dwarf sperm whale ( 6594:Pygmy sperm whale ( 6426:(Finless porpoises) 6142:(Humpback dolphins) 6006:Irrawaddy dolphin ( 5923:Hourglass dolphin ( 5634:Pygmy right whale ( 5090:on 21 November 2015 4888:1994Natur.367..108Y 4225:2020PLoSO..1544068B 4187:OceanSounds e.V. - 4039:Rice, D.W. (1974). 3900:Whales of the World 3840:2008ASAJ..124.1339B 3793:2007Bioac..16..137R 3718:2005ASAJ..118.3941M 3315:Eubalaena glacialis 2694:2023ESRv..23904373B 2593:2018SciA....4.9873A 2306:(Online ed.). 2272:(Online ed.). 2007:the North Pacific. 1938:Conservation status 1909:World Wildlife Fund 1878:Southern Hemisphere 1546:northwestern Africa 1524:Range and migration 1475:Antarctic Peninsula 1322:cookiecutter sharks 1192:Engraulis japonicus 1164:Thysanoessa inermis 1135:Thysanoessa inermis 1035:Roy Chapman Andrews 903:is pointed and the 373:. It is one of ten 314:Rudolphius laticeps 61:Conservation status 6778:La Plata dolphin ( 6478:Harbour porpoise ( 6447:N. asiaeorientalis 6304:Burrunan dolphin ( 5872:Fraser's dolphin ( 5735:Hector's dolphin ( 4980:The Canadian Press 4696:on 9 December 2006 4661:on 28 October 2006 4580:www.animallaw.info 4090:www.zoosite.com.ua 3575:10.1242/jeb.238873 2893:on 31 August 2021. 2779:10.2960/j.v42.m646 2349:Balaenoptera edeni 2101:Marine life portal 1948: 1819: 1781:History of whaling 1608:Gulf of California 1534: 1407:Whale reproduction 1331:Cocconeis ceticola 1252:Calanus simillimus 1244:Euphausia pacifica 1156:Euphausia pacifica 1072:This rorqual is a 1070: 1018:Surface behaviours 983: 981:Sei whale skeleton 975: 951: 922:). It has a tall, 891: 494:Schleswig-Holstein 433:commercial whaling 7561: 7560: 7154:Taxon identifiers 7145: 7144: 7141: 7140: 7137: 7136: 7133: 7132: 6931: 6866: 6805: 6790: 6789: 6753: 6752: 6707: 6706: 6670: 6669: 6615: 6614: 6569: 6568: 6532: 6531: 6520:Dall's porpoise ( 6429: 6410: 6395: 6394: 6334: 6333: 6288: 6239:Spinner dolphin ( 6221:Striped dolphin ( 6212:Clymene dolphin ( 6145: 5966: 5914:Peale's dolphin ( 5848:Risso's dolphin ( 5808: 5717:Chilean dolphin ( 5690: 5669: 5654: 5653: 5650: 5649: 5646: 5645: 5609: 5608: 5459: 5444: 5443: 5407: 5351: 5192:978-0-7513-2781-6 4941:The whale problem 4833:978-0-295-95706-7 4766:on 25 August 2006 4058:978-0-674-95075-7 4020:. 8 February 2017 3996:978-0-7099-4786-8 3910:978-0-935848-47-2 3848:10.1121/1.2945155 3726:10.1121/1.2130944 3603:, XVIII: 243-265. 3426:978-0-662-35374-4 3299:978-0-7614-7206-3 2845:Discovery Reports 2656:"Whale Evolution" 2469:978-3-319-65038-8 2322:(Subscription or 2280:(Subscription or 2161:978-0-8018-8221-0 2109:List of cetaceans 1843:Iberian Peninsula 1693:Northeast Channel 1566:Mediterranean Sea 1537:are most common. 1487:micropascal (μPa) 1260:Euphausia superba 1248:Neocalanus tonsus 1220:Scomber japonicus 1152:Calanus pacificus 1114:calanoid copepods 987:sexual dimorphism 802: 801: 798: 795:phylogenetic tree 786: 785: 777: 776: 768: 767: 759: 758: 750: 749: 667: 666: 324: 323: 318: 310: 302: 291: 101: 84: 7626: 7589:Mammals of Japan 7554: 7553: 7541: 7540: 7528: 7527: 7515: 7514: 7502: 7501: 7489: 7488: 7476: 7475: 7463: 7462: 7453: 7452: 7440: 7439: 7427: 7426: 7424:NBNSYS0000005162 7414: 7413: 7401: 7400: 7388: 7387: 7375: 7374: 7362: 7361: 7349: 7348: 7336: 7335: 7323: 7322: 7310: 7309: 7297: 7296: 7284: 7283: 7274: 7273: 7261: 7260: 7248: 7247: 7235: 7234: 7222: 7221: 7209: 7208: 7196: 7195: 7194: 7181: 7180: 7179: 7149: 7148: 6930: 6929: 6925: 6865: 6864: 6860: 6809: 6808: 6804: 6803: 6799: 6764: 6763: 6718: 6717: 6681: 6680: 6642:I. araguaiaensis 6626: 6625: 6580: 6579: 6559:P. macrocephalus 6543: 6542: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6414: 6413: 6409: 6408: 6404: 6345: 6344: 6287: 6286: 6282: 6144: 6143: 6139: 6120:Guiana dolphin ( 5965: 5964: 5960: 5817:G. macrorhynchus 5807: 5806: 5802: 5759:Common dolphin ( 5694: 5693: 5689: 5688: 5684: 5677: 5676: 5668:(Toothed whales) 5667: 5660: 5659: 5620: 5619: 5597:Humpback whale ( 5479:B. acutorostrata 5463: 5462: 5458: 5457: 5453: 5406: 5405: 5401: 5368: 5367: 5359: 5358: 5349: 5342: 5341: 5275: 5268: 5261: 5252: 5251: 5210: 5123: 5122: 5120: 5118: 5106: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5095: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5060: 5054: 5053: 5049: 5040: 5039: 5033: 5024: 5018: 5017: 5011: 5002: 4996: 4995: 4993: 4991: 4970: 4964: 4963: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4936: 4930: 4916: 4910: 4909: 4899: 4897:10.1038/367108a0 4867: 4861: 4860: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4819: 4813: 4812: 4811:. 20 March 2010. 4801: 4795: 4794: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4756: 4747: 4746: 4736: 4712: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4695: 4688: 4680: 4671: 4670: 4668: 4666: 4660: 4653: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4636: 4634: 4628: 4622:Sandra Altherr. 4619: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4608: 4597: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4586: 4572: 4563: 4562: 4550: 4544: 4543: 4535: 4529: 4528: 4520: 4509: 4508: 4502: 4493: 4487: 4486: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4459: 4453: 4452: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4417: 4408: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4320: 4311: 4310: 4298: 4289: 4288: 4276: 4265: 4264: 4254: 4236: 4219:(12): e0244068. 4204: 4198: 4185: 4179: 4168:Daniel.Bisson – 4166: 4160: 4159: 4139: 4133: 4126: 4120: 4113: 4107: 4100: 4094: 4093: 4082: 4076: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4007: 4001: 4000: 3982: 3969: 3968: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3921: 3915: 3914: 3894: 3888: 3887: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3859: 3834:(2): 1339–1349. 3819: 3813: 3812: 3772: 3766: 3756:this description 3752: 3746: 3745: 3712:(6): 3941–3945. 3703: 3694: 3685: 3684: 3675: 3666: 3665: 3653: 3647: 3646: 3634: 3628: 3627: 3615: 3604: 3597: 3588: 3587: 3577: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3538: 3525: 3524: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3499: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3469: 3463: 3462: 3446: 3431: 3430: 3418: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3361: 3355: 3354: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3283: 3277: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3247: 3241: 3240:. Facts on File. 3234: 3223: 3222: 3210: 3204: 3203: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3149: 3136: 3129: 3123: 3116: 3110: 3109: 3101: 3092: 3091: 3082: 3076: 3075: 3055: 3044: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3015: 3000: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2989: 2982: 2964: 2945: 2944: 2936: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2910: 2895: 2894: 2892: 2877: 2864: 2853: 2852: 2836: 2825: 2824: 2816: 2810: 2809: 2807: 2805: 2799:www.marlin.ac.uk 2793:Barnes, Morvan. 2790: 2784: 2783: 2781: 2753: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2660: 2651: 2645: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2612: 2580:Science Advances 2570: 2561: 2560: 2553:J. Anat. Physiol 2548: 2542: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2516: 2510: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2486: 2480: 2479: 2478: 2476: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2373: 2367: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2339: 2328: 2327: 2319: 2299: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2277: 2265: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2249: 2247: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2217: 2187: 2174: 2173: 2137: 2103: 2098: 2097: 2096: 2089: 2084: 2083: 2075: 2073:Cetaceans portal 2070: 2069: 2068: 1737:Irminger Current 1604:British Columbia 1562:Greater Antilles 1441: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1386:Anisakis simplex 1379:in the kidneys ( 1357:acanthocephalans 1317:Remora australis 1305:Coronula reginae 1266:and the pelagic 1240:Sebastes jordani 1224:S. australasicus 1126:, in particular 1092:; this includes 1024:social structure 869:B. b. schlegelii 792: 708: 707: 681: 680: 623: 622: 616: 615: 594: 593: 584: 583: 579: 578: 558:B. b. schlegelii 518:John Edward Gray 498:Balaena rostrata 474:lesser fin whale 391:B. b. schlegelii 362: 357: 351: 346: 345: 342: 341: 338: 316: 308: 297: 289: 287:Balaena rostrata 272:Sei whale range 267: 229: 209:B. borealis 116: 115: 95: 78: 73: 72: 49: 35: 23: 22: 7634: 7633: 7629: 7628: 7627: 7625: 7624: 7623: 7564: 7563: 7562: 7557: 7549: 7544: 7536: 7531: 7523: 7518: 7510: 7505: 7497: 7492: 7484: 7479: 7471: 7468:Observation.org 7466: 7458: 7456: 7448: 7443: 7435: 7430: 7422: 7417: 7409: 7404: 7396: 7391: 7383: 7378: 7370: 7365: 7357: 7352: 7344: 7339: 7331: 7326: 7318: 7313: 7305: 7300: 7292: 7287: 7279: 7277: 7269: 7264: 7256: 7251: 7243: 7238: 7230: 7225: 7217: 7212: 7204: 7199: 7190: 7189: 7184: 7175: 7174: 7169: 7156: 7146: 7129: 7105: 7081: 6967:M. densirostris 6927: 6926: 6924: 6914: 6890: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6849: 6802:(Beaked whales) 6801: 6800: 6798: 6786: 6749: 6703: 6666: 6611: 6565: 6528: 6504: 6453: 6438:N. phocaenoides 6425: 6424: 6422: 6406: 6405: 6403: 6391: 6367: 6330: 6284: 6283: 6281: 6271: 6247: 6241:S. longirostris 6223:S. coeruleoalba 6187: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6128: 6095: 6071: 6047: 6023: 6008:O. brevirostris 5990: 5962: 5961: 5959: 5949: 5941:Dusky dolphin ( 5880: 5856: 5832: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5791: 5767: 5743: 5699:Cephalorhynchus 5686: 5685: 5683: 5671: 5642: 5605: 5599:M. novaeangliae 5581: 5557: 5531:Omura's whale ( 5504:Bryde's whale ( 5455: 5454: 5452: 5450:Balaenopteridae 5440: 5403: 5402: 5400: 5390: 5382:Bowhead whale ( 5353: 5350:(Baleen whales) 5336: 5286: 5279: 5218: 5213: 5131: 5129:Further reading 5126: 5116: 5114: 5107: 5103: 5093: 5091: 5080: 5076: 5061: 5057: 5050: 5043: 5031: 5025: 5021: 5009: 5003: 4999: 4989: 4987: 4971: 4967: 4952: 4948: 4937: 4933: 4927:Wayback Machine 4917: 4913: 4868: 4864: 4845: 4841: 4834: 4820: 4816: 4803: 4802: 4798: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4767: 4758: 4757: 4750: 4713: 4709: 4699: 4697: 4693: 4686: 4682: 4681: 4674: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4651: 4647: 4646: 4642: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4620: 4616: 4606: 4604: 4599: 4598: 4594: 4584: 4582: 4574: 4573: 4566: 4551: 4547: 4536: 4532: 4521: 4512: 4500: 4494: 4490: 4475: 4471: 4460: 4456: 4437: 4433: 4418: 4411: 4398: 4394: 4375:Aquatic Mammals 4367: 4363: 4344: 4340: 4321: 4314: 4299: 4292: 4277: 4268: 4205: 4201: 4196:Wayback Machine 4186: 4182: 4177:Wayback Machine 4167: 4163: 4140: 4136: 4127: 4123: 4114: 4110: 4101: 4097: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4070: 4066: 4059: 4037: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4009: 4008: 4004: 3997: 3983: 3972: 3957: 3953: 3938: 3934: 3923: 3922: 3918: 3911: 3895: 3891: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3820: 3816: 3773: 3769: 3763:Wayback Machine 3753: 3749: 3701: 3695: 3688: 3677: 3676: 3669: 3654: 3650: 3635: 3631: 3616: 3607: 3598: 3591: 3554: 3550: 3539: 3528: 3517: 3513: 3503: 3501: 3497: 3489: 3485: 3470: 3466: 3447: 3434: 3427: 3416: 3408: 3404: 3394: 3392: 3391:on 4 April 2002 3381: 3377: 3362: 3358: 3343:10.2307/1379766 3311: 3307: 3300: 3284: 3280: 3271: 3267: 3248: 3244: 3235: 3226: 3211: 3207: 3192: 3188: 3169: 3165: 3150: 3139: 3130: 3126: 3117: 3113: 3102: 3095: 3084: 3083: 3079: 3056: 3047: 3037: 3035: 3034:on 21 July 2011 3016: 3003: 2993: 2991: 2990:on 3 March 2016 2987: 2980: 2965: 2948: 2937: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2911: 2898: 2890: 2875: 2865: 2856: 2837: 2828: 2817: 2813: 2803: 2801: 2791: 2787: 2754: 2750: 2740: 2738: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2674: 2670: 2658: 2652: 2648: 2638: 2636: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2587:(4): eaap9873. 2571: 2564: 2549: 2545: 2536: 2532: 2517: 2513: 2504: 2500: 2487: 2483: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2446: 2442: 2399: 2395: 2385: 2383: 2374: 2370: 2360: 2358: 2341: 2340: 2331: 2321: 2293: 2289: 2279: 2259: 2255: 2245: 2243: 2235: 2234: 2230: 2220: 2218: 2188: 2177: 2162: 2142:"Order Cetacea" 2138: 2134: 2130: 2099: 2094: 2092: 2085: 2078: 2071: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2004: 1994:under the U.S. 1940: 1925:academic review 1893: 1884:southern oceans 1880: 1855: 1811: 1783: 1775:Main articles: 1773: 1684: 1624:Kunashir Island 1620:Golden Horn Bay 1542:southern Europe 1526: 1470: 1464: 1452:sexual maturity 1438: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1424: 1423: 1409: 1403: 1281: 1234:) and juvenile 1212:Cololabis saira 1204:Sardinops sagax 1116:, specifically 1059: 1030:. The American 1020: 1015: 967: 883: 877: 804:Sei whales are 787: 778: 769: 760: 751: 668: 588:Balaenopteridae 482: 457: 355: 349: 335: 331: 237: 231: 225: 212: 185:Balaenopteridae 110: 102: 85: 74: 70: 63: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7632: 7622: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7559: 7558: 7556: 7555: 7542: 7529: 7516: 7503: 7490: 7477: 7464: 7454: 7441: 7428: 7415: 7402: 7389: 7376: 7363: 7350: 7337: 7324: 7311: 7298: 7285: 7275: 7262: 7249: 7236: 7223: 7210: 7197: 7182: 7166: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7143: 7142: 7139: 7138: 7135: 7134: 7131: 7130: 7128: 7127: 7123:Z. cavirostris 7117: 7115: 7107: 7106: 7104: 7103: 7093: 7091: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7070: 7061: 7052: 7043: 7034: 7025: 7016: 7007: 6998: 6989: 6980: 6971: 6962: 6953: 6944: 6934: 6932: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6912: 6902: 6900: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6888: 6879: 6869: 6867: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6847: 6838: 6829: 6819: 6817: 6806: 6792: 6791: 6788: 6787: 6785: 6784: 6780:P. blainvillei 6774: 6772: 6761: 6755: 6754: 6751: 6750: 6748: 6747: 6738: 6728: 6726: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6701: 6691: 6689: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6668: 6667: 6665: 6664: 6660:I. geoffrensis 6655: 6651:I. boliviensis 6646: 6636: 6634: 6623: 6617: 6616: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6600: 6590: 6588: 6577: 6571: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6563: 6553: 6551: 6540: 6534: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6527: 6526: 6516: 6514: 6506: 6505: 6503: 6502: 6498:P. spinipinnis 6493: 6484: 6475: 6465: 6463: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6451: 6442: 6432: 6430: 6411: 6397: 6396: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6389: 6379: 6377: 6369: 6368: 6366: 6365: 6359:Beluga whale ( 6355: 6353: 6350:Delphinapterus 6342: 6336: 6335: 6332: 6331: 6329: 6328: 6319: 6310: 6301: 6291: 6289: 6273: 6272: 6270: 6269: 6265:S. bredanensis 6259: 6257: 6249: 6248: 6246: 6245: 6236: 6227: 6218: 6209: 6199: 6197: 6189: 6188: 6186: 6185: 6176: 6167: 6158: 6148: 6146: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6126: 6117: 6113:S. fluviatilis 6107: 6105: 6097: 6096: 6094: 6093: 6083: 6081: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6069: 6059: 6057: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6045: 6035: 6033: 6025: 6024: 6022: 6021: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5988: 5979: 5969: 5967: 5951: 5950: 5948: 5947: 5938: 5934:L. obliquidens 5929: 5920: 5911: 5902: 5898:L. albirostris 5892: 5890: 5887:Lagenorhynchus 5882: 5881: 5879: 5878: 5868: 5866: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5854: 5844: 5842: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5830: 5821: 5811: 5809: 5805:(Pilot whales) 5793: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5779: 5777: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5765: 5755: 5753: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5741: 5732: 5723: 5714: 5710:C. commersonii 5704: 5702: 5691: 5673: 5672: 5656: 5655: 5652: 5651: 5648: 5647: 5644: 5643: 5641: 5640: 5630: 5628: 5617: 5611: 5610: 5607: 5606: 5604: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5583: 5582: 5580: 5579: 5569: 5567: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5555: 5549:Rice's whale ( 5546: 5537: 5528: 5519: 5510: 5501: 5492: 5488:B. bonaerensis 5483: 5473: 5471: 5460: 5446: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5438: 5429: 5420: 5410: 5408: 5404:(Right whales) 5392: 5391: 5389: 5388: 5378: 5376: 5365: 5355: 5354: 5338: 5337: 5335: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5320:Laurasiatheria 5316: 5310: 5304: 5298: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5278: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5255: 5249: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5224: 5217: 5216:External links 5214: 5212: 5211: 5194: 5181: 5168: 5155: 5146: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5124: 5101: 5074: 5055: 5041: 5019: 4997: 4965: 4946: 4931: 4911: 4862: 4839: 4832: 4814: 4796: 4777: 4748: 4707: 4672: 4640: 4614: 4592: 4564: 4545: 4530: 4510: 4488: 4469: 4454: 4447:. New Series. 4431: 4409: 4392: 4381:(3): 313–318. 4361: 4338: 4312: 4290: 4266: 4199: 4180: 4161: 4134: 4121: 4108: 4095: 4077: 4064: 4057: 4031: 4002: 3995: 3970: 3951: 3932: 3916: 3909: 3889: 3886:. 9 June 2014. 3871: 3814: 3787:(2): 137–145. 3767: 3747: 3686: 3667: 3648: 3629: 3605: 3589: 3548: 3526: 3511: 3483: 3464: 3432: 3425: 3402: 3375: 3356: 3337:(1): 155–163. 3305: 3298: 3278: 3265: 3242: 3224: 3205: 3186: 3163: 3137: 3124: 3111: 3093: 3077: 3066:(3): 259–273. 3045: 3001: 2974:and Sei Whale 2946: 2928: 2896: 2854: 2826: 2811: 2785: 2748: 2723: 2668: 2646: 2624: 2562: 2543: 2530: 2527:(25): 384–420. 2511: 2498: 2481: 2468: 2440: 2413:(4): 343–351. 2393: 2368: 2329: 2287: 2253: 2228: 2175: 2160: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2124: 2116: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2090: 2087:Mammals portal 2076: 2060: 2057: 2020:Denmark Strait 2003: 2000: 1939: 1936: 1892: 1889: 1879: 1876: 1854: 1851: 1810: 1809:North Atlantic 1807: 1772: 1769: 1765:Canary Islands 1729:Denmark Strait 1683: 1680: 1676:Beagle Channel 1667:Bryde's whales 1616:Sea of Okhotsk 1558:Gulf of Mexico 1525: 1522: 1485:relative to 1 1463: 1460: 1402: 1399: 1301:acorn barnacle 1280: 1277: 1110:North Atlantic 1058: 1055: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 966: 963: 876: 873: 865:B. b. borealis 810:humpback whale 800: 799: 789: 788: 784: 783: 780: 779: 775: 774: 771: 770: 766: 765: 762: 761: 757: 756: 753: 752: 748: 747: 744: 743: 739:humpback whale 731: 728: 727: 724: 723: 711: 706: 704: 701: 700: 697: 696: 684: 679: 677: 674: 673: 670: 669: 665: 664: 661: 660: 648: 645: 644: 641: 640: 626: 621: 619: 614: 612: 609: 608: 605: 604: 597: 592: 590: 582: 562:B. b. borealis 506:Georges Cuvier 481: 478: 456: 453: 393:. The whale's 387:B. b. borealis 322: 321: 320: 319: 311: 303: 292: 290:Rudolphi, 1822 281: 280: 274: 273: 269: 268: 260: 259: 258: 257: 255:B.b.schlegelii 252: 244: 243: 239: 238: 232: 221: 220: 214: 213: 206: 204: 200: 199: 192: 188: 187: 182: 178: 177: 172: 168: 167: 162: 158: 157: 152: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 104: 103: 90: 87: 86: 68: 65: 64: 59: 56: 55: 51: 50: 42: 41: 37: 36: 28: 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7631: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7571: 7569: 7552: 7547: 7543: 7539: 7534: 7530: 7526: 7521: 7517: 7513: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7495: 7491: 7487: 7482: 7478: 7474: 7469: 7465: 7461: 7455: 7451: 7446: 7442: 7438: 7433: 7429: 7425: 7420: 7416: 7412: 7407: 7403: 7399: 7394: 7390: 7386: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7368: 7364: 7360: 7355: 7351: 7347: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7329: 7325: 7321: 7316: 7312: 7308: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7276: 7272: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7215: 7211: 7207: 7202: 7198: 7193: 7187: 7183: 7178: 7172: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7163: 7159: 7155: 7150: 7126: 7124: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7114: 7113: 7108: 7102: 7100: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7090: 7089: 7084: 7078: 7076: 7071: 7069: 7067: 7066:M. stejnegeri 7062: 7060: 7058: 7057:M. peruvianus 7053: 7051: 7049: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7035: 7033: 7031: 7026: 7024: 7022: 7017: 7015: 7013: 7008: 7006: 7004: 6999: 6997: 6995: 6994:M. ginkgodens 6990: 6988: 6986: 6981: 6979: 6977: 6972: 6970: 6968: 6963: 6961: 6959: 6958:M. carlhubbsi 6954: 6952: 6950: 6945: 6943: 6941: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6923: 6922: 6917: 6911: 6909: 6904: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6898: 6893: 6887: 6885: 6884:H. planifrons 6880: 6878: 6876: 6875:H. ampullatus 6871: 6870: 6868: 6858: 6857: 6852: 6846: 6844: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6830: 6828: 6826: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6810: 6807: 6797: 6793: 6783: 6781: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6771: 6770: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6759:Pontoporiidae 6756: 6746: 6744: 6739: 6737: 6735: 6730: 6729: 6727: 6725: 6724: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6713:Platanistidae 6710: 6700: 6698: 6697:L. vexillifer 6693: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6687: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6673: 6663: 6661: 6656: 6654: 6652: 6647: 6645: 6643: 6638: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6632: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6618: 6608: 6606: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6592: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6586: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6572: 6562: 6560: 6557:Sperm whale ( 6555: 6554: 6552: 6550: 6549: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6535: 6525: 6523: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6512: 6507: 6501: 6499: 6494: 6492: 6490: 6485: 6483: 6481: 6476: 6474: 6472: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6461: 6456: 6450: 6448: 6443: 6441: 6439: 6434: 6433: 6431: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6412: 6402: 6398: 6388: 6386: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6376: 6375: 6370: 6364: 6362: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6351: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6337: 6327: 6325: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6302: 6300: 6298: 6293: 6292: 6290: 6280: 6279: 6274: 6268: 6266: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6256: 6255: 6250: 6244: 6242: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6195: 6190: 6184: 6182: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6172:S. sahulensis 6168: 6166: 6164: 6159: 6157: 6155: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6137: 6136: 6131: 6125: 6123: 6122:S. guianensis 6118: 6116: 6114: 6109: 6108: 6106: 6104: 6103: 6098: 6092: 6090: 6089:P. crassidens 6085: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6079: 6074: 6068: 6066: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6055: 6054:Peponocephala 6050: 6044: 6042: 6037: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6031: 6026: 6020: 6018: 6013: 6011: 6009: 6004: 6003: 6001: 5999: 5998: 5993: 5987: 5985: 5980: 5978: 5976: 5971: 5970: 5968: 5958: 5957: 5952: 5946: 5944: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5930: 5928: 5926: 5921: 5919: 5917: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5894: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5888: 5883: 5877: 5875: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5865: 5864: 5863:Lagenodelphis 5859: 5853: 5851: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5841: 5840: 5835: 5829: 5827: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5813: 5812: 5810: 5800: 5799: 5794: 5788: 5786: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5776: 5775: 5770: 5764: 5762: 5757: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5751: 5746: 5740: 5738: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5728:C. heavisidii 5724: 5722: 5720: 5715: 5713: 5711: 5706: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5700: 5695: 5692: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5661: 5657: 5639: 5637: 5632: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5626: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5615:Cetotheriidae 5612: 5602: 5600: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5589: 5584: 5578: 5576: 5571: 5570: 5568: 5566: 5565: 5560: 5554: 5552: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5538: 5536: 5534: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5520: 5518: 5516: 5511: 5509: 5507: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5470: 5469: 5464: 5461: 5451: 5447: 5437: 5435: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5421: 5419: 5417: 5412: 5411: 5409: 5399: 5398: 5393: 5387: 5385: 5384:B. mysticetus 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5374: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5343: 5339: 5333: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5309: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5297: 5293: 5292: 5289: 5284: 5276: 5271: 5269: 5264: 5262: 5257: 5256: 5253: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5231: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5219: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5195: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5179:0-12-551340-2 5176: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5166:1-84037-043-2 5163: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5147: 5145: 5144:0-375-41141-0 5141: 5137: 5134: 5133: 5112: 5105: 5089: 5085: 5078: 5070: 5066: 5059: 5048: 5046: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5015: 5008: 5001: 4986: 4982: 4981: 4976: 4969: 4961: 4957: 4950: 4942: 4935: 4928: 4924: 4921: 4915: 4907: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4882:(6459): 108. 4881: 4877: 4873: 4866: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4843: 4835: 4829: 4825: 4818: 4810: 4806: 4800: 4792: 4788: 4781: 4765: 4761: 4755: 4753: 4744: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4711: 4692: 4685: 4679: 4677: 4657: 4650: 4644: 4625: 4618: 4602: 4596: 4581: 4577: 4571: 4569: 4560: 4556: 4549: 4541: 4534: 4526: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4506: 4499: 4492: 4484: 4480: 4473: 4465: 4458: 4451:(6): 291–388. 4450: 4446: 4442: 4435: 4427: 4423: 4416: 4414: 4406: 4402: 4396: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4365: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4342: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4319: 4317: 4308: 4304: 4297: 4295: 4286: 4282: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4262: 4258: 4253: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4203: 4197: 4193: 4190: 4184: 4178: 4174: 4171: 4165: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4144:Mammal Review 4138: 4131: 4125: 4118: 4112: 4105: 4099: 4091: 4087: 4081: 4074: 4068: 4060: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4035: 4019: 4017: 4012: 4006: 3998: 3992: 3988: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3966: 3962: 3955: 3947: 3943: 3936: 3928: 3927: 3920: 3912: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3893: 3885: 3881: 3875: 3867: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3818: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3771: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3751: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3700: 3693: 3691: 3682: 3681: 3674: 3672: 3663: 3659: 3652: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3625: 3621: 3614: 3612: 3610: 3602: 3596: 3594: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3552: 3544: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3522: 3515: 3496: 3495: 3487: 3479: 3475: 3468: 3460: 3456: 3455:Mar Fish. Rev 3452: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3428: 3422: 3415: 3414: 3406: 3390: 3386: 3379: 3371: 3367: 3360: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3309: 3301: 3295: 3291: 3290: 3282: 3275: 3269: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3246: 3239: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3220: 3216: 3209: 3201: 3197: 3190: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3134: 3128: 3121: 3115: 3107: 3100: 3098: 3089: 3088: 3081: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3054: 3052: 3050: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3008: 3006: 2986: 2979: 2978: 2975: 2971: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2942: 2935: 2933: 2916: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2874: 2872: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2835: 2833: 2831: 2822: 2815: 2800: 2796: 2789: 2780: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2761: 2752: 2737: 2733: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2672: 2664: 2657: 2650: 2634: 2628: 2620: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2581: 2576: 2569: 2567: 2558: 2554: 2547: 2540: 2534: 2526: 2522: 2515: 2508: 2502: 2494: 2493: 2485: 2471: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2452: 2444: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2397: 2381: 2380: 2372: 2356: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2325: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2304: 2298: 2291: 2283: 2275: 2271: 2270: 2264: 2257: 2242: 2238: 2232: 2216: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2202: 2197: 2195: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2157: 2153: 2152: 2147: 2146:Wilson, D. E. 2143: 2136: 2132: 2123: 2121: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2091: 2088: 2082: 2077: 2074: 2063: 2056: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2012:overexploited 2008: 1999: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1975: 1973: 1967: 1965: 1964:North Pacific 1961: 1957: 1953: 1952:IUCN Red List 1944: 1935: 1933: 1928: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1888: 1885: 1875: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1853:North Pacific 1850: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1825: 1815: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1782: 1778: 1768: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1732: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721:Bay of Arguin 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1679: 1677: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1574: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1530: 1521: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1506:Massachusetts 1503: 1499: 1495: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1469: 1462:Vocalizations 1459: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1445:A newborn is 1443: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1387: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1373: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1358: 1354: 1353:Haematophagus 1351: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1318: 1313: 1312: 1307: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1286: 1276: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1228:jack mackerel 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1208:Pacific saury 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1140:North Pacific 1137: 1136: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1115: 1111: 1106: 1104: 1103:baleen whales 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1079: 1075: 1074:filter feeder 1067: 1063: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1010: 1006: 1002: 1000: 996: 990: 988: 979: 971: 962: 958: 956: 947: 943: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 912: 910: 906: 905:pectoral fins 902: 897: 887: 882: 881:Whale anatomy 872: 870: 866: 862: 857: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 818:Bryde's whale 815: 811: 807: 796: 791: 790: 782: 781: 773: 772: 764: 763: 755: 754: 746: 745: 742: 740: 736: 730: 729: 726: 725: 722: 720: 716: 710: 709: 703: 702: 699: 698: 695: 693: 689: 683: 682: 676: 675: 672: 671: 663: 662: 659: 657: 653: 647: 646: 643: 642: 639: 637: 633: 632: 625: 624: 618: 617: 611: 610: 607: 606: 603: 602: 596: 595: 589: 586: 585: 581: 580: 577: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 550:S. schlegelii 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 486:Karl Rudolphi 477: 475: 471: 466: 462: 452: 450: 446: 442: 441:IUCN Red List 438: 434: 429: 427: 423: 419: 415: 414:filter feeder 411: 407: 402: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 367: 361: 360:[sæɪ] 353: 352: 344: 329: 315: 312: 307: 304: 300: 296: 293: 288: 285: 284: 282: 279: 275: 270: 266: 261: 256: 253: 251: 248: 247: 245: 240: 235: 230: 228: 222: 219: 218:Binomial name 215: 211: 210: 205: 202: 201: 198: 197: 193: 190: 189: 186: 183: 180: 179: 176: 173: 170: 169: 166: 163: 160: 159: 156: 153: 150: 149: 146: 143: 140: 139: 136: 133: 130: 129: 126: 123: 120: 119: 114: 109: 105: 99: 93: 88: 82: 77: 66: 62: 57: 52: 48: 43: 38: 34: 29: 24: 21: 19: 7584:Balaenoptera 7161: 7122: 7110: 7099:T. shepherdi 7098: 7086: 7075:M. traversii 7074: 7065: 7056: 7047: 7038: 7029: 7020: 7011: 7002: 6993: 6985:M. europaeus 6984: 6975: 6966: 6957: 6948: 6939: 6919: 6908:I. pacificus 6907: 6895: 6883: 6874: 6854: 6842: 6833: 6824: 6812: 6779: 6767: 6742: 6734:P. gangetica 6733: 6721: 6696: 6684: 6659: 6650: 6641: 6629: 6604: 6596:K. breviceps 6595: 6583: 6558: 6546: 6538:Physeteridae 6521: 6511:Phocoenoides 6509: 6497: 6488: 6479: 6471:P. dioptrica 6470: 6458: 6446: 6437: 6417: 6385:M. monoceros 6384: 6372: 6360: 6348: 6340:Monodontidae 6324:T. truncatus 6323: 6315:T. erebennus 6314: 6306:T. australis 6305: 6296: 6276: 6264: 6252: 6240: 6232:S. frontalis 6231: 6222: 6213: 6205:S. attenuata 6204: 6192: 6180: 6171: 6162: 6154:S. chinensis 6153: 6133: 6121: 6112: 6100: 6088: 6076: 6064: 6052: 6040: 6028: 6017:O. heinsohni 6016: 6007: 5995: 5983: 5974: 5956:Lissodelphis 5954: 5942: 5933: 5924: 5916:L. australis 5915: 5906: 5897: 5885: 5873: 5861: 5849: 5837: 5825: 5816: 5798:Globicephala 5796: 5785:F. attenuata 5784: 5772: 5760: 5748: 5736: 5727: 5718: 5709: 5697: 5636:C. marginata 5635: 5623: 5598: 5586: 5574: 5573:Gray whale ( 5564:Eschrichtius 5562: 5550: 5541: 5532: 5523: 5522:Blue whale ( 5514: 5505: 5496: 5494: 5487: 5478: 5468:Balaenoptera 5466: 5433: 5425:E. glacialis 5424: 5416:E. australis 5415: 5395: 5383: 5371: 5332:Whippomorpha 5326:Artiodactyla 5229: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5183: 5170: 5157: 5150: 5135: 5115:. Retrieved 5104: 5092:. Retrieved 5088:the original 5077: 5068: 5064: 5058: 5035: 5022: 5013: 5000: 4990:26 September 4988:. Retrieved 4978: 4968: 4959: 4955: 4949: 4940: 4934: 4914: 4879: 4875: 4865: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4842: 4823: 4817: 4808: 4799: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4768:. Retrieved 4764:the original 4724: 4720: 4710: 4698:. Retrieved 4691:the original 4663:. Retrieved 4656:the original 4643: 4631:. Retrieved 4617: 4605:. Retrieved 4595: 4583:. Retrieved 4579: 4558: 4554: 4548: 4539: 4533: 4524: 4504: 4491: 4482: 4478: 4472: 4463: 4457: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4434: 4425: 4421: 4404: 4400: 4395: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4364: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4341: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4306: 4302: 4284: 4280: 4216: 4212: 4202: 4183: 4164: 4147: 4143: 4137: 4124: 4111: 4102:Uni Y.,2006 4098: 4089: 4080: 4067: 4044: 4034: 4022:. Retrieved 4014: 4005: 3986: 3964: 3960: 3954: 3945: 3941: 3935: 3925: 3919: 3899: 3892: 3883: 3874: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3817: 3784: 3781:Bioacoustics 3780: 3776: 3770: 3750: 3709: 3705: 3679: 3661: 3657: 3651: 3642: 3638: 3632: 3623: 3619: 3600: 3565: 3561: 3551: 3542: 3520: 3514: 3502:. Retrieved 3493: 3486: 3477: 3473: 3467: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3412: 3405: 3393:. Retrieved 3389:the original 3378: 3369: 3366:Whalewatcher 3365: 3359: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3308: 3288: 3281: 3273: 3268: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3245: 3237: 3218: 3214: 3208: 3199: 3195: 3189: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3166: 3157: 3153: 3132: 3127: 3119: 3114: 3105: 3086: 3080: 3063: 3059: 3036:. Retrieved 3032:the original 3027: 3023: 2992:. Retrieved 2985:the original 2977: 2973: 2969: 2940: 2919:. Retrieved 2888:the original 2883: 2879: 2870: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2820: 2814: 2802:. Retrieved 2798: 2788: 2769: 2765: 2759: 2751: 2739:. Retrieved 2726: 2685: 2681: 2671: 2662: 2649: 2637:. Retrieved 2627: 2584: 2578: 2556: 2552: 2546: 2538: 2533: 2524: 2520: 2514: 2506: 2501: 2491: 2484: 2473:, retrieved 2450: 2443: 2410: 2406: 2396: 2384:. Retrieved 2378: 2371: 2359:. Retrieved 2355:the original 2348: 2344: 2301: 2290: 2267: 2256: 2244:. Retrieved 2240: 2231: 2219:. Retrieved 2205: 2199: 2193: 2150: 2135: 2120:HMS Daedalus 2119: 2046: 2028: 2009: 2005: 1976: 1972:Soviet Union 1968: 1949: 1929: 1906: 1894: 1881: 1868: 1856: 1847:Nova Scotian 1840: 1828: 1820: 1803:right whales 1784: 1733: 1719:such as off 1709:Labrador Sea 1705:Nova Scotian 1701:Newfoundland 1689:Georges Bank 1685: 1661:) and Peru ( 1632: 1628:Sea of Japan 1612:Sea of Japan 1570: 1539: 1535: 1518: 1514:Davis Strait 1491: 1471: 1444: 1410: 1401:Reproduction 1394: 1384: 1380: 1370: 1360: 1352: 1342: 1339:harpacticoid 1336: 1329: 1315: 1309: 1303: 1296: 1287: 1282: 1270: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1231: 1223: 1219: 1211: 1203: 1195: 1191: 1183: 1176:T. spinifera 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1148:N. plumchrus 1147: 1143: 1133: 1127: 1117: 1107: 1098:fecal matter 1083: 1076:, using its 1071: 1021: 1013:Life history 1007: 1003: 991: 984: 959: 952: 932:pigmentation 919: 913: 892: 868: 864: 858: 850:sister group 833: 803: 734: 733: 714: 713: 687: 686: 655: 651: 650: 635: 630: 629: 628: 599: 573: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 542:Balaenoptera 541: 537: 521: 513: 509: 501: 497: 483: 473: 470:Japan finner 469: 460: 458: 430: 424:, and other 403: 390: 386: 371:baleen whale 365: 364: 327: 325: 313: 309:Flower, 1865 305: 294: 286: 254: 250:B.b.borealis 249: 226: 224: 208: 207: 196:Balaenoptera 195: 171:Infraorder: 165:Artiodactyla 20: 18: 7507:SeaLifeBase 7406:NatureServe 7328:iNaturalist 7186:Wikispecies 7030:M. layardii 6949:M. bowdoini 6897:Indopacetus 6480:P. phocoena 6419:Neophocoena 6407:(Porpoises) 6401:Phocoenidae 5975:L. borealis 5943:L. obscurus 5925:L. cruciger 5719:C. eutropia 5681:Delphinidae 5666:Odontoceti 5575:E. robustus 5542:B. physalus 5540:Fin whale ( 5524:B. musculus 5497:B. borealis 5495:Sei whale ( 5434:E. japonica 5318:Superorder 5312:Infraclass 5117:11 December 5094:11 December 4770:10 November 4700:10 November 4665:10 November 4607:10 November 4585:28 December 3504:21 December 3461:(4): 25–29. 3395:19 December 2804:28 December 2741:10 November 2475:31 December 2297:"sei whale" 2263:"sei whale" 2024:Nova Scotia 1831:Hvalfjörður 1717:West Africa 1697:Browns Bank 1560:and in the 1510:New England 1468:Whale sound 1381:Crassicauda 1172:T. gregaria 1168:T. longipes 1124:euphausiids 1094:zooplankton 1053:behaviour. 875:Description 826:minke whale 715:B. physalus 652:B. borealis 631:B. musculus 601:Minke whale 574:B. borealis 554:B. borealis 463:, meaning " 426:zooplankton 242:Subspecies 7568:Categories 7088:Tasmacetus 7048:M. perrini 7021:M. hotaula 7012:M. hectori 6921:Mesoplodon 6856:Hyperoodon 6843:B. minimus 6834:B. bairdii 6825:B. arnuxii 6769:Pontoporia 6723:Platanista 6297:T. aduncus 6214:S. clymene 6181:S. teuszii 6163:S. plumbea 6065:P. electra 5984:L. peronii 5850:G. griseus 5761:D. delphis 5737:C. hectori 5664:Parvorder 5456:(Rorquals) 5363:Balaenidae 5348:Mysticeti 5346:Parvorder 5203:Ir. Nat. J 5071:: 117–131. 4962:: 315–321. 4859:: 697–700. 4485:: 639–643. 4443:Lesson)". 4428:: 327–333. 4407:, pp. 1-7. 4405:SC/64/RMP6 4358:: 667–682. 4335:: 349–352. 3626:: 465–476. 3183:: 218–225. 3160:: 457–463. 2994:5 November 2921:4 November 2880:Fish. Bull 2851:: 183–290. 2688:: 104373. 2639:7 December 2559:: 293–302. 2361:8 November 2326:required.) 2284:required.) 2246:14 January 2128:References 2041:Maumee Bay 1956:endangered 1932:whale meat 1872:California 1600:Washington 1466:See also: 1432:months, 11 1414:occurs in 1405:See also: 1160:E. similis 1090:food chain 1032:naturalist 928:dorsal fin 879:See also: 861:subspecies 824:, and the 814:blue whale 692:gray whale 636:blue whale 546:schlegelii 538:Sibbaldius 530:Pekalongan 449:extinction 437:endangered 383:fin whales 356:Norwegian: 317:Gray, 1868 94:Appendix I 76:Endangered 26:Sei whale 7450:sei-whale 6940:M. bidens 6814:Berardius 6796:Ziphiidae 6676:Lipotidae 6487:Vaquita ( 6383:Narwhal ( 6361:D. leucas 6078:Pseudorca 5907:L. acutus 5750:Delphinus 5588:Megaptera 5533:B. omurai 5506:B. brydei 5397:Eubalaena 5330:Suborder 5226:ARKive – 5151:Sei whale 4743:2576-2184 4727:(1): 68. 4305:Lesson". 4243:1932-6203 4189:Sei whale 3857:1912/4618 3584:0022-0949 3372:(4): 4–7. 3331:J. Mammal 3262:(2): 4–5. 2772:: 49–54. 2718:257372290 2710:0012-8252 2427:1864-1547 2241:cites.org 1900:(ICR) in 1836:whale oil 1747:, in the 1735:from the 1713:Greenland 1682:Migration 1635:Sri Lanka 1554:Greenland 1420:Gestation 1416:temperate 1377:nematodes 1350:protozoan 1196:E. mordax 1188:anchovies 1138:. 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