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489:(1975) was cited as finding that section 133 did not really effectively establish a sophisticated official bilingualism for Canada. While rights to bilingualism in legislative bodies might allow for some members to understand each other if they happened to know the language being used, there was no guarantee for this. Moreover, courts should interpret these rights conservatively since they are a political matter. According to
399:(1993), the stated application of section 17 is to "Parliament." This wording is an anomaly because technically Parliament is just an institution that enacts statutes. The rights held under section 17, in contrast, presumably are not held against the statutes of Parliament but rather apply to the debates that occur within Parliamentary institutions, such as the
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making Canada's language rights impossible to amend without the support from all provinces as well as the federal government, reveal language rights to be "a response to the peculiar facts of Canada's history." Beetz found that in
Parliament, while section 17 guarantees a right for a person to speak
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found that section 17 was so similar to section 133 of the
Constitution Act, 1867 (section 17 was based on section 133) that section 17 would not represent any change in regard to rights that had belonged under section 133. Thus, section 133 case law would influence section 17 case law. Justice
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and his fellow-writers agree that section 17 applies to "other activities of
Parliament," including Parliamentary committees, but argue that bilingualism in Parliamentary committees had been allowed for years prior to the Charter and interpreters had been provided.
461:, commenting on section 17's parallel with section 133 of the Constitution Act, 1867, also said that it could represent mere "constitutional continuity." However, she did acknowledge that section 17 being exempt from the
493:, having translators in Parliament is thus not mandatory under section 133, since there is no guarantee everyone will be able to understand an MP who speaks in either English or French. These rights are thus
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in either French or
English, this does not extend to guaranteeing a right for the person's speech to be translated so all can understand it; the same line of reasoning had been used for section 133.
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This section, as it applies to
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As noted, the section also extends these constitutional rights to New
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543:, ed. Michel Bastarache, trans. Translation Devinat et Associés, Ottawa, (Montréal, Quebec: Editions Yvon Blais, 1987), p. 102.
384:(2) Everyone has the right to use English or French in any debates and other proceedings of the legislature of New Brunswick.
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William Tetley, "Language and
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This line of thinking regarding section 133 also appeared in the Supreme Court case
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578:- Charter of Rights website with video, audio and the Charter in over 20 languages
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Overview of section 17 case law at the Canadian Legal Information Institute
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Bastarache, Michel, Andre Braen, Emmanuel Didier and Pierre Foucher,
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Constitutional right to use English or French in Parliament
517:. Human Rights Program, Canadian Heritage. Archived from
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Fundamental Freedoms: The Charter of Rights and Freedoms
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repeats a right already anchored in section 133 of the
515:"Guide to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms"
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