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932:' by A Flock of Seagulls was the icing on the cake. Fronted by a singer-synth player with a haircut stranger than anything you'd be likely to encounter in a month of poodle shows, A Flock of Seagulls struck gold on the first try. The message seemed abundantly clear: America was ready for anything—the stranger, the better. And Britain, home of the brave new world of pop, has kept lobbing them over."
871:"A revolution in sound and style—lying somewhere between artful ingenuity and pure pop fun — has taken root in this country over the past year and a half. Much like the first great explosion of pop culture upon mass consciousness, which commenced with the Beatles' arrival in America in February 1964, the primary impetus for all this has been emanating from the far side of the Atlantic. We are, as
943:, stated, "I think the kids who watched it felt that there was something more than what they were being spoon-fed on local radio stations. Radio stations, for the first time, were getting requests for songs they were not playing." Puterbaugh writes, "The British won out here, hands down. Next to the prosaic, foursquare appearance of the American bands, such acts as
506:. Many of the Second Invasion artists started their careers in the punk era and desired to bring change to a wider audience, resulting in music that, while having no specific sound, was characterized by a risk-taking spirit within the context of pop music. Rock-oriented acts that knew how to use video, such as
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Explaining why another
British Invasion was taking place, one record-industry insider stated, "For whatever psychological reason, there is a very vocal and influential Anglophile rock audience that salivates to hits from abroad." All of this activity and the unusually high turnover of artists in the
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stations to double the amount of new music they played. Abrams stated, "All my favorite bands are
English ... It's a more artistic place. Experimentation thrives there. Everything over here is more like McDonald's." During 1983, 30% of US record sales were from British acts. On 16 July 1983, twenty
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acts dented the US charts and received some airplay on MTV, but heavy metal was still seen as a genre limited in popularity to teenage boys. In the spring and summer of 1986, acts associated with the Second
Invasion continued to have chart success, with eight records reaching the Hot 100's summit.
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and the
British acts with bringing colour and energy back to pop music that had been missing since the 1960s, while rock journalists were generally hostile to the phenomenon because they felt it represented image over content and that the "English haircut bands" had not paid their dues. As the
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which were a staple of
British music television programmes for about five years, evolved into image-conscious short films. At the same time, pop and rock music in the U.S. was undergoing a creative slump due to several factors, including audience fragmentation and the effects of the
220:. Videos did not exist for most hits by US acts, and those that did were usually composed of footage from concert performances. When the cable music channel MTV launched on 1 August 1981, it had little choice but to play a large number of music videos from British new wave acts.
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seemed like caviar. MTV opened up a whole new world that could not be fully apprehended over the radio. The visual angle played to the arty conceits of
Britain's young style barons, suggesting something more exotic than the viewer was likely to find in the old hometown."
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in the U.S. To the surprise of the music industry, when MTV became available in a local market, record sales by acts played solely on the channel increased immediately and listeners phoned radio stations requesting to hear them. Also in 1981, Los
Angeles radio station
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More hints of the impending invasion were observed in 1981 on the dance charts. Only seven of the top thirty groups of the dance rock chart
Rockpool were of American origin, while later in the year, 12-inch singles by British groups began appearing on the
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The commercial burnout of corporate rock around 1979 opened the door for new music, most of which was from the UK. Giving a theory why this was the case, Polygram's Jaffe stated, "often bands you see in
America are an amalgam of what they've heard on
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was one of the first. There was a gradual accumulation of worthy electropop discs, though they were still mostly heard only in rock discos. But in 1981, the floodgates opened, and "new music" at last made a mighty splash. The breakthrough song was
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and "kill ugly pop stars" graffiti were expressions of both a backlash against the Second
Invasion groups and nostalgia for punk. "Instant Club Hit (You'll Dance to Anything)", which became an underground hit for Philadelphia punk group
1171:" (the Verve). Over time British acts became less prevalent on the US charts, and on 27 April 2002, for the first time in almost forty years, the Hot 100 had no British acts at all; that week, only two of the top 100 albums, those of
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of the top forty singles were British, surpassing the previous record of 14 set in 1965; this tally was equaled the weeks ending 31 May - 7 June 1986. Culture Club, Spandau Ballet, and Duran Duran created a teen "hysteria" similar to
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1116:" atop the Hot 100. Such developments eventually led to decreased visibility of new music. 1987 saw only seven British acts on the Hot 100's top 40 in January, and new music exposure on MTV was limited to the program
893:"The guys were so beautiful. Not handsome in the classic "movie star" way, but actually pretty—lush lips, cheekbones a mile-high, porcelain skin—and they all knew how to apply make-up better than most women I knew"
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were the last American bands to get played on the radio please bring the Flag, please bring the Flag glitter disco synthesizer, night school all the noble savage drum drum drum"
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The September 1982 arrival of MTV in the media capitals of New York City and Los Angeles led to widespread positive publicity for the new "video era". By the fall, "
245:
of KROQ states, "There wasn't American product worthy of being played every three hours, so we had to look and listen to British imports to fill the void." In 2011,
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2341:
662:, theorized that, just as in the first British Invasion, the use of African-American influences by British acts such as Eurythmics, Spandau Ballet, Culture Club,
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2307:"The One Record the Warriors Can't Take From the Bulls: Even as Golden State closes on a historic 73rd win, Chicago's pre-game music still sets the standard,"
1019:, a majority of acts that signed to independent labels in 1984 mined various rock influences and became an alternative to the Second Invasion. Reynolds named
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One of new wave's original invaders. What always has separated OMD from the majority of the second British invasion was their talent for memorable melodies.
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movement in their native United Kingdom) had some limited success in the U.S., albeit less than their 1980s predecessors. US hits from these bands included "
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Disco chart. The trend was particularly strong in Manhattan where import records and the British music press were convenient to obtain and where the
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would release an "England Swings" issue in November 1983. The following April, 40 of the top 100 singles were by acts of British origin. In 1983,
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felt that the launch of MTV (one of the paper's "50 key events in the history of pop music") played "a huge part" in the second British invasion.
703:
At the Second Invasion's height, during a five-month period, UK acts claimed nine out of the eleven Hot 100 number-one hits, from Simple Minds' "
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1511:"Culture Club, Police, Duran Duran lead Second Invasion Scripps-Howard News Service printed by The Pittsburgh Press October 31, 1984"
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artists popular with country's fan base but with less appeal outside it. Country's crossover appeal would not recover until 1991.
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radio. The motivation for American kids is, 'We want to be the next Van Halen and get rich'". Bob Currie, manager of A&R for
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378:", also did exceptionally well, peaking at number two and number nine on the UK Top 40 chart, respectively. On 3 July 1982,
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format, which would make it the most popular station in that city. With British artists featuring heavily on the station,
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823:, had their last major hits in this time frame. Counting his work with Genesis, Collins had more top forty hits on the
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996:, added, "Bands in America want to be signed to make money, while bands in the UK want to be signed to communicate."
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715:". During the second week of that period, the week ending 25 May 1985, eight of the top ten singles were by UK acts.
1250:(2005). "New Gold Dreams 81-82-83-84: New Pop's Peak, the Second British Invasion of America, and the Rise of MTV".
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761:– who had been an early presence in the invasion – entered the top five with the "zeitgeist-capturing" hit single "
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is credited with helping kickstart the second British Invasion, spending eleven weeks within the top ten of the
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1726:"100 & Single: The Dawning Of The MTV Era And How It Rocket-Fueled The Hot 100 Village Voice July 29, 2011"
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acts" among this group noting that they "were eighties bands only in the sense of being against the eighties".
704:
477:
2323:
1532:
1226:
1038:, which immediately prior to the Invasion was enjoying a brief renaissance of mainstream popularity buoyed by
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The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Eighties (3–10 May 1986, 5–26 July 1986, 30 August – 6 September 1986)
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saw their popularity increase; a few acts that dated to the era of the original British Invasion, including
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In the late 1970s and early 1980s, music from the United Kingdom was informed by the after-effects of the
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729:(1985), rendered Simple Minds the first British act to achieve a Hot 100 hit with a single taken from a
283:, because electronic instrumentation — mainly synthesizers and syndrums — was used to craft pop songs. "
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U.S. radio stations that catered to black audiences also played Second Invasion acts. Music critic
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953:"I hear the radio, it's finally gonna play new music you know the British invasion but what about
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began in 1981. Its popularity was the main catalyst for the second British Invasion. According to
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crossover artists. By 1984, country's mainstream popularity had fallen to a level not seen since
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2221:"The Second British Invasion How It Really Happened UPI reprinted by Courier News June 8, 1984"
1828:
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1012:, took a satirical shot at the American subculture that followed British alternative/new wave.
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did it better, bigger and more global than a lot of British acts." From 1983 to 1985, several
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as "pretty unmistakably the moment the Second British Invasion, spurred by MTV, kicked off". "
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1168:
1066:, and pop music acts learned how to market themselves using video and making catchy singles.
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ascribed this "reverse crossover" to the dancibility of the songs. Another music journalist,
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This article is about the Second British Invasion. For the 1960s British music movement, see
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were identified as part of the Second British Invasion; and prominent British acts such as
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charts caused a sense of upheaval in the US. Commentators in the mainstream media credited
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1897:"Goodbye Is Forever: Duran Duran, Live Aid & the End of the Second British Invasion"
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on the cover of its issue with the caption "Britain Rocks America – Again", while
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groups to achieve mainstream success in the summer of 1982. Their second studio album
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723:" spent three weeks at number one. "Don't You (Forget About Me)", which features in
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The UK initially embraced what was called "new pop". However, by 1983, the song "
858:", which would be used as entrance music by various US sports teams, notably the
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the UK was always more theatrical than its US counterpart. Parke Puterbaugh for
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2286:"Gimme Five: Alan Parsons Project – The Complete Albums Collection (2014)"
2052:
The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Eighties (18 May 1985 through 5 October 1985)
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1291:"A look back at 1983: The year of the Second British Invasion CBS July 4, 2013"
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440:(1983) sold two million copies. Pop rock songs that topped the charts included
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top ten. Duran Duran's glossy videos would come to symbolise the power of MTV.
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The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Eighties (9 January – 24 December 1988)
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artists would achieve major chart success in the US during the 1980s, such as
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movement which became a major part in the Second British Invasion of the U.S.
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cracked the American Top 40, followed by the more modest chart successes of
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news service has described this success as an early stage of the invasion.
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279:"Some fascinating new music began arriving on these shores; it was dubbed
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Gerald W. Haslam; Alexandra Russell Haslam; Richard Chon (1 April 1999).
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2161:"They Touched You Once, They'll Touch You Twice: A Renaissance for OMD"
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1427:"First Worsts: Remembering When Bon Jovi Gave 'Hair Metal' a Bad Name"
393:. The song got considerable boost from MTV, and has been described by
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1699:"Duran Duran | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
1673:"Nothing Captured the MTV Revolution Better Than Duran Duran's 'Rio'"
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and spent eight non-consecutive weeks there, and the leadoff single "
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During the Second British Invasion, established British acts such as
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of 1982, peaked in 1983, and continued throughout much of the 1980s.
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124:, British acts brought a "revolution in sound and style" to the US.
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880:"Anglomania: The Second British Invasion," by Parke Puterbaugh for
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From Comiskey Park to Thriller: The Effect of "Disco Sucks" on Pop
301:—Anglomania: The Second British Invasion, by Parke Puterbaugh for
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2012:
Kraszewski, Jon (2017). Reality TV. Taylor & Francis. p. 127.
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The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Eighties (22–29 November 1986)
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gripes so loudly, in the throes of the second British Invasion."
472:" became one of the most played songs in US history. Girl group
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for 8 weeks and was the best-selling single in the US in 1983.
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used by the music industry to describe young, mostly British,
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2578:"Are Adele, Mumford And Sons Sign of a New British Invasion?"
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The Second British Invasion had its most direct impact on US
667:
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1482:"Punk/New Wave | Significant Albums, Artists and Songs"
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1751:"The Second British Invasion: New Wave now an old ripple"
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Rock and Popular Music: Politics, Policies, Institutions
1317:"Light and Quick, New Pop Spread Its Spirit During 1982"
2644:
Are We Not New Wave Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s
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626:
helped launch the second British Invasion by promoting
518:, became part of the new influx of music from Britain.
2342:"Alice Cooper: 'Rock music was looking for a villain'"
1120:. In 1988, British acts rebounded with twelve singles
830:
chart during the 1980s than any other artist. British
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also spent a record-breaking 43 weeks on the Hot 100.
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from their 1983 song "I Must Not Think Bad Thoughts".
2555:. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research, Inc.
2514:. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research, Inc.
2489:. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research, Inc.
2099:"17 Movie Soundtracks Every Kid from the '80s Loved"
2054:. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research, Inc.
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319:(pictured in 1983) were one of the earliest British
1459:. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 340 and 342–3.
2425:
370:by early July. Duran Duran's subsequent singles, "
146:replaced Second Invasion acts atop the US charts.
674:'s band Wham! released the 1984 US chart-topper "
532:(performing in 2001) was a leading figure in the
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1505:
1503:
1501:
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935:With the emergence of MTV, Jerry Jaffe, head of
134:Hot 100 number-ones by British artists, by weeks
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1530:
1050:publishers responded by retrenching, promoting
498:, and technologically oriented artists such as
2428:Workin' Man Blues: Country Music in California
2269:Anderson, John (7 January 1990). "Pop Notes".
928:writes, "The runaway success in early '82 of '
362:chart in late June 1982, and its accompanying
2672:
1806:Tarnished gold: the record industry revisited
1793:
1496:
1253:Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984
733:film soundtrack; subsequent artists included
700:" by George Michael also scaled the Hot 100.
2612:
2476:
2412:Rip It Up and Start Again Postpunk 1978–1984
2358:
1744:
1619:Rip It Up and Start Again Postpunk 1978–1984
1610:
1608:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1533:"Sniff 'n' the Tears, Music News & Info"
1457:Rip It Up and Start Again Postpunk 1978–1984
1340:"MTV launches the 'second British invasion'"
2455:
2453:
1829:"Microsoft Word – Chapter Outline.doc"
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386:" started a three-week reign on top of the
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2432:. University of California Press. p.
1334:
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95:was a sharp increase in the popularity of
2235:
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1394:"Anglomania: The Second British Invasion"
194:; the latter scored a new wave hit with "
2646:, The University of Michigan Press 2011
2550:
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1728:. Blogs.villagevoice.com. Archived from
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358:. The song peaked at number five on the
352:" from the group's second studio album,
311:
126:
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1194:List of Second British Invasion artists
1147:(some of whom were associated with the
686:, starting a craze covered in the 2002
590:for 17 weeks, traded the top spot with
3083:United Kingdom–United States relations
3070:
2124:
1921:
1919:
1876:. Vol. 98, no. 23. p. 6
1803:R. Serge Denisoff, William L. Schurk.
1311:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1057:
2660:
2384:"AllMusic Bucky Fellini Album review"
2321:
2188:Pastorek, Whitney (15 October 2010).
2096:
2078:. Billboard Publications. 25 May 1985
2023:"George Michael: 50 years in numbers"
1867:
1717:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1229:featuring the Second British Invasion
1070:of the Second British Invasion group
559:magazine ran an issue which featured
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1955:"The Police Billboard Chart History"
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600:(1982) three times, and their song "
2324:"Why Americans don't get glam rock"
2262:
1916:
1274:
741:, who recorded the title tracks of
553:during the first British Invasion.
484:", the latter reaching number one.
269:" was hurting US underground acts.
13:
2462:Alternative Rock Dave Thompson P81
2125:Riccio, Richard (23 August 1991).
2097:Evans, Richard (21 October 2019).
1927:"UK acts disappear from US charts"
1634:(London: Routledge, 1993), p. 240.
765:", which plays prominently during
426:became an MTV staple with 1983's "
14:
3119:
2615:"The end of the British invasion"
2322:Wells, Steven (14 October 2008).
2284:Something Else! (25 March 2014).
2241:
1980:"Billboard 1983 Year End Singles"
1411:
1357:
759:Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark
196:Is She Really Going Out with Him?
2576:Wong, Sterling (13 April 2011).
1724:Molanphy, Chris (29 July 2011).
1112:" displaced the Human League's "
1074:says that "The reality was that
540:Early in 1983, radio consultant
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1480:Pop/Rock » Punk/New Wave.
1425:Molanphy, Chris (4 June 2012).
1189:New wave of British heavy metal
1062:As the 1980s wore on, US rock,
696:. Released afterward in 1984, "
434:", and his second studio album
272:
1779:Sullivan, Jim (2 March 1984).
1473:
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1240:
1127:As late as the mid-1990s, the
1015:According to music journalist
670:helped to spur their success.
366:received frequent rotation on
230:first music video shown on MTV
1:
1233:
1179:, were from British artists.
583:(1983) was number one on the
149:
63:United States, United Kingdom
2361:"All Music The Dead Milkmen"
1895:Chiu, David (10 July 2015).
1644:O'Hagan, Sean (2 May 2004).
678:"; its music video featured
7:
2613:Mark Jenkins (3 May 2002).
1868:Grein, Paul (7 June 1986).
1182:
1122:topping the chart that year
1027:as the two most important "
865:
705:Don't You (Forget About Me)
676:Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go
226:Video Killed the Radio Star
216:that reached its peak with
10:
3124:
850:" achieving the same, and
772:s climactic "prom scene".
753:(1986), respectively (the
680:oversized message T-shirts
544:advised his clients at 70
446:Total Eclipse of the Heart
20:
3029:Rip It Up and Start Again
2959:
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67:
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35:
1433:. Blogs.villagevoice.com
1110:You Give Love a Bad Name
1003:" by Scottish rock band
852:the Alan Parsons Project
604:" was number one on the
296:" by the Human League."
3088:1980s in American music
3035:Second British Invasion
2551:Whitburn, Joel (1991).
2510:Whitburn, Joel (1991).
2483:Whitburn, Joel (1991).
2131:Is Sprinkled with Gems"
2050:Whitburn, Joel (1991).
1293:. CBS News. 4 July 2013
848:Owner of a Lonely Heart
138:During the late 1980s,
93:Second British Invasion
31:Second British Invasion
18:1980s cultural movement
3093:1980s in British music
1781:"Triumph of the 'New'"
1703:www.officialcharts.com
1205:Third British Invasion
1095:'s third studio album
1052:neotraditional country
975:
895:
889:
757:reaching number one).
651:
537:
344:released their second
337:
298:
218:Disco Demolition Night
162:revolution. In 1979, "
135:
3108:British popular music
1570:1 August 2011 at the
1531:Jason Ankeny (Rovi).
1169:Bitter Sweet Symphony
951:
891:
869:
630:for groups including
622:subscription channel
617:
602:Every Breath You Take
524:
315:
277:
130:
3057:Yugoslavian new wave
2863:New wave of new wave
2244:"Elvis On the Crest"
2199:Entertainment Weekly
2136:St. Petersburg Times
1646:"Fifty years of pop"
1167:" (Take That), and "
739:the Psychedelic Furs
350:Hungry Like the Wolf
3008:La Movida Madrileña
3001:Neue Deutsche Härte
2996:Neue Deutsche Welle
2848:Neue Deutsche Welle
2784:Garage rock revival
2348:. 29 December 2017.
2310:Wall Street Journal
2248:The Washington Post
2028:The Daily Telegraph
1578:founder and CEO of
1058:End of the Invasion
978:American punk band
930:I Ran (So Far Away)
546:album-oriented rock
432:Eyes Without a Face
416:A Flock of Seagulls
412:I Ran (So Far Away)
176:Sniff 'n' the Tears
32:
2541:", 24 January 1987
2359:The Dead Milkmen.
2250:. Donald E. Graham
1786:The Michigan Daily
1732:on 20 October 2013
1705:. 21 February 1981
1322:The New York Times
1315:(2 January 1983).
1225:, CNN series with
1155:" (Spice Girls), "
1118:The New Video Hour
842:" reaching No. 1,
801:the Rolling Stones
726:The Breakfast Club
652:
538:
338:
136:
132:Chart of Billboard
110:. It began in the
30:
3065:
3064:
3013:Little band scene
2951:Synth-pop artists
2878:Post-punk revival
2821:Minneapolis sound
2713:Alternative dance
2652:978-0-472-03470-3
2443:978-0-520-21800-0
2242:Himes, Geoffrey.
1755:Spokane Chronicle
1621:, pp. 340, 342–3.
1267:978-0-14-303672-2
1098:Slippery When Wet
713:Money for Nothing
684:Katharine Hamnett
396:The Village Voice
384:Don't You Want Me
294:Don't You Want Me
89:
88:
3115:
3078:British Invasion
2990:New Wave Theatre
2941:New wave artists
2701:genres or scenes
2681:
2674:
2667:
2658:
2657:
2642:Cateforis, Theo
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2594:on 16 April 2011
2590:. Archived from
2573:
2567:
2566:
2548:
2542:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2431:
2421:
2415:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2319:
2313:
2312:(12 April 2016).
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2143:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1923:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1865:
1859:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1800:
1791:
1790:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1757:. 29 August 1986
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1641:
1635:
1628:
1622:
1612:
1583:
1562:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1507:
1494:
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1491:
1489:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1422:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1390:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1287:
1272:
1271:
1244:
1199:British Invasion
1010:the Dead Milkmen
983:
908:
887:
886:, November 1983.
832:progressive rock
771:
698:Careless Whisper
632:the Human League
462:Addicted to Love
380:the Human League
308:
307:, November 1983.
239:Rock of the '80s
79:artists in U.S.
71:Rise of British
33:
29:
23:British Invasion
3123:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3061:
2955:
2946:Post-punk bands
2929:
2831:Neo-psychedelia
2700:
2694:
2685:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2611:
2607:
2597:
2595:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2549:
2545:
2539:American Top 40
2533:
2529:
2522:
2508:
2504:
2497:
2481:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2451:
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2422:
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2316:
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2300:
2290:
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2240:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2169:. 30 March 2011
2159:
2158:
2154:
2141:
2139:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2062:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:Cateforis P. 51
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1935:. 23 April 2002
1925:
1924:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1866:
1862:
1856:American Top 40
1850:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1812:
1810:
1801:
1794:
1777:
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1765:
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1749:
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1735:
1733:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1662:Cateforis p. 53
1661:
1657:
1642:
1638:
1629:
1625:
1613:
1586:
1580:S-Curve Records
1576:Steve Greenberg
1572:Wayback Machine
1563:
1548:
1538:
1536:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1497:
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1423:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1313:Holden, Stephen
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1275:
1268:
1258:Faber and Faber
1248:Reynolds, Simon
1245:
1241:
1236:
1185:
1084:Michael Jackson
1060:
985:
977:
910:
897:
888:
879:
868:
840:Invisible Touch
817:the Moody Blues
805:George Harrison
769:
744:St. Elmo's Fire
717:Tears for Fears
640:Tears for Fears
592:Michael Jackson
476:had hits with "
340:On 4 May 1982,
310:
300:
275:
262:New York Rocker
152:
106:artists in the
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3103:New wave music
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3037:
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2890:
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2801:
2796:
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2754:
2749:
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2747:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2710:
2704:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2684:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2605:
2568:
2561:
2543:
2527:
2520:
2502:
2495:
2475:
2449:
2442:
2416:
2414:, pp. 392–393.
2408:Simon Reynolds
2400:
2374:
2363:. Allmusic.com
2351:
2333:
2314:
2298:
2276:
2261:
2234:
2212:
2192:Pretty in Pink
2180:
2152:
2117:
2089:
2067:
2060:
2042:
2031:. 25 June 2013
2014:
2005:
1996:
1971:
1946:
1915:
1887:
1860:
1858:", 31 May 1986
1844:
1820:
1792:
1771:
1769:, p. 338.
1759:
1743:
1716:
1690:
1664:
1655:
1636:
1623:
1615:Simon Reynolds
1584:
1546:
1523:
1495:
1472:
1465:
1444:
1410:
1356:
1328:
1304:
1273:
1266:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1059:
1056:
1017:Simon Reynolds
950:
918:birthplace of
899:Nina Blackwood
890:
877:
867:
864:
785:Paul McCartney
767:Pretty in Pink
750:Pretty in Pink
693:I Love the 80s
672:George Michael
660:Simon Reynolds
466:Spandau Ballet
430:" and 1984's "
276:
274:
271:
200:Scripps-Howard
180:the Pretenders
172:Elvis Costello
151:
148:
87:
86:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
55:1982–mid-1980s
53:
49:
48:
46:United Kingdom
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3120:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
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3033:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:Post-hardcore
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2839:
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2807:
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2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2762:Ethereal Wave
2760:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
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2719:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2697:
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2689:
2682:
2677:
2675:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2572:
2564:
2562:0-89820-079-2
2558:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2523:
2521:0-89820-079-2
2517:
2513:
2506:
2498:
2496:0-89820-079-2
2492:
2488:
2485:
2479:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2454:
2445:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2420:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2389:
2385:
2382:Ned Raggett.
2378:
2362:
2355:
2347:
2343:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2308:
2302:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2265:
2249:
2245:
2238:
2223:. 8 June 1984
2222:
2216:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2190:"EW Reunion:
2184:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2130:
2121:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2093:
2077:
2071:
2063:
2061:0-89820-079-2
2057:
2053:
2046:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1922:
1920:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1891:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1830:
1824:
1809:. p. 441
1808:
1807:
1799:
1797:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1767:Reynolds 2005
1763:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1731:
1727:
1720:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1679:. 23 May 2017
1678:
1674:
1668:
1659:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1627:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1582:10 July 2009.
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1534:
1527:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1483:
1476:
1468:
1466:0-571-21570-X
1462:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1432:
1431:Village Voice
1428:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1399:
1398:Rolling Stone
1395:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1292:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1228:
1227:episode seven
1224:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:, 2000s–2010s
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1177:Ozzy Osbourne
1174:
1170:
1166:
1165:Back for Good
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:country music
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
984:
981:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
955:the Minutemen
949:
946:
942:
938:
933:
931:
927:
926:
925:Rolling Stone
921:
916:
909:
906:
903:
900:
894:
885:
884:
883:Rolling Stone
876:
874:
863:
861:
860:Chicago Bulls
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
827:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
773:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
751:
746:
745:
740:
736:
732:
728:
727:
722:
718:
714:
710:
707:" through to
706:
701:
699:
695:
694:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:Nelson George
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
618:The American
616:
612:
610:
608:
603:
599:
598:
593:
589:
587:
582:
581:
580:Synchronicity
576:
572:
571:
570:Rolling Stone
566:
562:
558:
557:
552:
547:
543:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:umbrella term
489:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:Robert Palmer
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
438:
433:
429:
428:White Wedding
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
397:
392:
390:
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:Save a Prayer
369:
365:
361:
357:
356:
351:
347:
343:
335:
333:
328:
327:
322:
318:
314:
309:
306:
305:
304:Rolling Stone
297:
295:
290:
286:
282:
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2960:Other topics
2898:Electroclash
2888:Sophisti-pop
2858:New Romantic
2816:Minimal wave
2774:Electroclash
2767:Neoclassical
2643:
2637:Bibliography
2622:. Retrieved
2618:
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2596:. Retrieved
2592:the original
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1900:
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1870:"Chart Beat"
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1344:The Guardian
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1222:The Eighties
1220:
1211:New Romantic
1159:" (Oasis), "
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789:Phil Collins
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763:If You Leave
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709:Dire Straits
702:
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644:Culture Club
628:music videos
606:
595:
585:
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568:
561:Annie Lennox
554:
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534:New Romantic
530:Culture Club
516:Simple Minds
500:Culture Club
486:
478:Cruel Summer
442:Bonnie Tyler
435:
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401:Tainted Love
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273:The Invasion
260:
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248:The Guardian
246:
243:Rick Carroll
238:
224:' 1979 hit "
206:Music videos
204:
153:
137:
131:
119:
92:
90:
36:Part of the
27:
15:
2908:Electropunk
2826:Mod revival
2789:Gothic rock
2779:Electropunk
2699:Associated
2598:1 September
2535:Casey Kasem
1989:10 December
1964:10 December
1852:Casey Kasem
1535:. Billboard
1453:S. Reynolds
1173:Craig David
1163:" (Blur), "
1129:Spice Girls
1101:topped the
1091:That fall,
1064:heavy metal
1040:country pop
945:Duran Duran
813:the Hollies
793:Rod Stewart
781:David Bowie
747:(1985) and
682:created by
636:Duran Duran
551:Beatlemania
512:Big Country
508:Def Leppard
496:androgynous
468:'s ballad "
454:Missing You
364:music video
342:Duran Duran
317:Duran Duran
267:Anglophilia
222:The Buggles
192:Joe Jackson
144:dance music
3072:Categories
3023:Industrial
2903:Electropop
2804:Madchester
2799:Jangle pop
2740:Dance-punk
2735:Dance-rock
2708:Avant-funk
2624:23 January
2393:19 October
2367:19 October
2227:19 October
2205:27 January
2173:1 February
2142:27 January
2110:27 January
2035:28 January
1908:15 January
1736:19 October
1539:13 January
1488:19 October
1484:. AllMusic
1437:19 October
1297:19 October
1256:. London:
1234:References
1157:Wonderwall
1088:glam metal
1068:Martin Fry
1021:the Smiths
971:Black Flag
969:, and the
821:Eddy Grant
797:Elton John
664:Paul Young
648:Eurythmics
575:the Police
565:Boy George
542:Lee Abrams
526:Boy George
504:Eurythmics
490:became an
474:Bananarama
450:John Waite
437:Rebel Yell
424:Billy Idol
281:electropop
237:began the
228:" was the
184:Gary Numan
168:the Police
150:Background
140:glam metal
3098:Synth-pop
3052:Vaporwave
3047:Synthwave
3018:Punk rock
2979:Chillwave
2913:Freestyle
2893:Synth-pop
2836:Dream pop
2794:Indie pop
2757:Dark wave
2752:Deathrock
2692:post-punk
2166:Interview
2104:Best Life
2076:"Hot 100"
1984:Billboard
1959:Billboard
1874:Billboard
1216:Synth-pop
1145:the Verve
1141:Take That
1104:Billboard
1048:Music Row
1001:Rip It Up
920:glam rock
826:Billboard
809:the Kinks
735:John Parr
731:Brat Pack
607:Billboard
586:Billboard
488:New music
420:Billboard
405:Soft Cell
389:Billboard
360:UK Top 40
332:Billboard
285:Pop Muzik
257:Billboard
100:synth-pop
81:pop music
73:synth-pop
2841:Shoegaze
2745:New rave
2730:Coldwave
2725:Art punk
2688:New wave
2588:MTV News
2388:AllMusic
2254:13 March
1932:BBC News
1709:11 April
1683:11 April
1677:Observer
1568:Archived
1455:(2005).
1403:29 April
1183:See also
1093:Bon Jovi
1029:alt rock
967:Big Boys
941:Polygram
878:—
866:Reaction
597:Thriller
556:Newsweek
336:in 1983.
214:backlash
160:new wave
60:Location
52:Duration
2984:Electro
2868:No wave
2853:New pop
2271:Newsday
2082:22 June
1880:16 June
1201:, 1960s
1153:Wannabe
1149:Britpop
1076:Madonna
937:A&R
836:Genesis
828:Hot 100
690:series
609:Hot 100
480:" and "
456:", and
391:Hot 100
374:" and "
321:New Pop
235:KROQ-FM
188:Squeeze
164:Roxanne
104:New Pop
97:British
77:New Pop
40:in the
3041:Sounds
2920:2 Tone
2650:
2559:
2518:
2493:
2468:15 May
2440:
2291:27 May
2058:
1939:15 May
1902:Medium
1837:15 May
1813:15 May
1516:15 May
1463:
1264:
1161:Song 2
1143:, and
1080:Prince
1046:, and
1025:R.E.M.
963:D.O.A.
856:Sirius
854:with "
846:with "
838:with "
819:, and
799:, and
755:former
666:, and
646:, and
346:single
190:, and
112:summer
84:charts
2934:Lists
2925:Ultra
2809:Baggy
2718:Grebo
2619:Slate
2129:Sugar
1832:(PDF)
1349:3 May
1133:Oasis
1114:Human
1044:disco
777:Queen
770:'
721:Shout
668:Wham!
620:cable
482:Venus
414:" by
403:" by
287:" by
211:disco
209:anti-
166:" by
68:Cause
38:1980s
2974:CBGB
2883:Romo
2690:and
2648:ISBN
2626:2014
2600:2011
2557:ISBN
2516:ISBN
2491:ISBN
2470:2011
2438:ISBN
2395:2013
2369:2013
2293:2014
2256:2019
2229:2013
2207:2023
2175:2023
2144:2023
2112:2023
2084:2012
2056:ISBN
2037:2016
1991:2021
1966:2021
1941:2011
1910:2017
1882:2019
1839:2011
1815:2011
1738:2013
1711:2023
1685:2023
1541:2013
1518:2011
1490:2013
1461:ISBN
1439:2013
1405:2019
1351:2019
1299:2013
1262:ISBN
1175:and
1137:Blur
1082:and
1023:and
737:and
563:and
514:and
502:and
470:True
460:'s "
452:'s "
444:'s "
382:'s "
156:punk
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2968:C86
2583:MTV
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2434:259
1854:, "
1574:by
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990:AOR
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