908:
the intertidal as juvenile habitat, feeding or refuge ground, or as transient space between nearshore areas. Tidepools fishes can be classified as residents and non-residents (sometimes called transients or visitors). Residents are those that spend the whole lifetime in the tidepools. Non-resident species are commonly divided into two groups: secondary residents (also known as partial residents or opportunists) and transients (which can be further classified as tidal and seasonal transients). Secondary residents are species that spend only a portion of their life history in tidepools, typically during their juvenile stage, before moving on to adult subtidal habitats. Transients, on the other hand, may temporarily inhabit tidepools for various reasons such as foraging, seeking refuge, or transit. Unlike residents, transients lack specialized adaptations for intertidal life and typically occupy large tidepools for a relatively short period, ranging from a single tidal cycle to a few months. The
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40:
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Many fish species can live in tidepools. Tidepool fishes are those inhabiting the intertidal zone during part or the entirety of their life cycle, including residents displaying morphological, physiological and behavioral adaptations to withstand the fluctuating environment and non-residents that use
1740:
Andrades, Ryan; González-Murcia, SaĂşl; Buser, Thaddaeus J.; Macieira, Raphael M.; Andrade, Juliana M.; Pinheiro, Hudson T.; Vilar, Ciro C.; Pimentel, Caio R.; Gasparini, JoĂŁo L.; QuintĂŁo, ThaĂs L.; Machado, FabĂola S.; Castellanos-Galindo, Gustavo; Ruiz-Campos, Gorgonio; Ojeda, F. Patricio; Martin,
264:
This zone is constantly covered and uncovered by water, so its inhabitants have adapted to surviving in these conditions. More plants and animals live here, compared to the high tide zone, because they are not exposed to drying conditions for so long. During low tide, anemones close up and mussels
1003:
due to lack of water and evaporation. Many forms of the
Coralline algae bring herbivores, such as mollusks "Notoacmea", to the tide pools during high tides, increasing the biomass of the area. Once low tides comes, these herbivores are exposed to carnivores in the areas, fueling the food web.
304:
such as fish. Seaweeds provide shelter for many animals, like sea slugs and urchins that are too fragile for other zones. These creatures can grow to larger sizes because there is more available energy and better water coverage: the water is shallow enough to allow additional sunlight for
283:
This area is mostly submerged and is exposed only during unusually low tide. It usually teems with life and has far more marine vegetation, especially seaweeds. Organisms in this zone do not have to be as well adapted to drying out and temperature extremes. Low tide zone organisms include
872:
live at very tightly constrained elevations, with tidal conditions precisely determining the exact height of an assemblage relative to sea level. The intertidal zone is periodically exposed to sun and wind, conditions that can cause barnacles to become
904:) has been found to become stranded in tide pools and are forced to inhabit gastropod shells in response to the rapidly changing temperature of the pools. Hermit crabs of different or the same species compete for the snail shells that are available.
912:
is a species of fish that is named for its tide pool habitat. The
Tidepool Sculpin has been found to show preferences for certain tide pools and will return to their tide pool of choice after being removed from it. This is a behavior known as
959:
grows in greater numbers when such competition exists; a control group with no competition produced fewer offspring than an experimental group with mussels; from this it is thought that the mussels provide protection for the developing
1281:
Mendonça, Vanessa; Madeira, Carolina; Dias, Marta; Vermandele, Fanny; Archambault, Philippe; Dissanayake, Awantha; Canning-Clode, João; Flores, Augusto A. V.; Silva, Ana; Vinagre, Catarina (July 5, 2018). Hewitt, Judi (ed.).
811:
lost arms. Most species must retain an intact central part of the body to be able to regenerate, but a few can regrow from a single ray. The regeneration of these stars is possible because the vital organs are in the arms.
1010:
842:
increases the supply of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in coastal marine tide pools which allows the ecosystem the nutrients to be more productive. The shell of a
California mussel is primarily composed of
96:, like snails, barnacles, mussels, anemones, urchins, sea stars, crustaceans, seaweed, and small fish. Inhabitants must be able to cope with constantly changing water levels, water temperatures,
804:
often engages in territorial fights. The white tentacles (acrorhagi), which contain stinging cells, are for fighting. The sea anemones sting each other repeatedly until one of them moves.
144:
The rocky shoreline exhibits distinct zones with unique characteristics. These zones are created by the tidal movements of water along the rocky shores from high to low-tide. They are:
924:) can be found in coastal tide pools. These small crustaceans provide an important food source for predator species as well as limiting the growth of algae attached to vegetation.
158:
The intertidal or littoral zone: area between the high and low-tide marks. Can be further divided into high, mid, and low intertidal zones, which are explained below in more depth.
2670:
3162:
699:
1648:"Corrigendum to: Size and sex bias in air-exposure behavior during low tide of the intertidal hermit crab Clibanarius virescens (Krauss, 1843) (Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae)"
1094:
165:
The presence and abundance of flora and fauna vary between zones along the rocky shore. This is due to niche adaptations in response to the varying tides and solar exposure.
942:. They live in the middle to upper intertidal zones in areas with greater wave action. High wave action may increase nutrient availability and moves the blades of the
946:, allowing more sunlight to reach the organism so that it can photosynthesize. In addition, the constant wave action removes competitors, such as the mussel species
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1556:
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Tide pools are often surrounded by coastal predators who feed on tide pool flora and fauna. These predators play an important role in the tide pool
2121:"The importance of form: Differences in competitive ability, resistance to consumers and environmental stress in an assemblage of coralline algae"
2695:
855:. Climate change and ocean acidification has led to a decrease in these amounts important compounds in California Mussel shells over many years.
4866:
4119:
917:. These fish crawl on the floor of tide pools using a back and forth movement of their tail fin and a rotating motion of their pectoral fins.
2160:
1205:
2187:
816:
73:. These pools typically range from a few inches to a few feet deep and a few feet across. Many of these pools exist as separate bodies of
5010:
3269:
2535:
5080:
2280:
1865:"Temporal variation of rocky intertidal resident fish assemblages - patterns and possible mechanisms with a note on sampling protocols"
1259:
1058:
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are known to sometimes feast on intertidal creatures at low tide. Although tide pool organisms must avoid getting washed away into the
1394:
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706:
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4617:
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1209:
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999:) takes the form of calcite in their cell walls providing them with a hard outer shell. This shell protects from herbivores and
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5090:
4818:
1142:
1713:
773:, drying up in the sun, or being eaten, they depend on the tide pool's constant changes for food. Tide pools contain complex
2082:
Paine, R.T. (December 1998). "Habitat
Suitability and Local Population Persistence of the Sea Palm Postelsia Palmaeformis".
5095:
2700:
100:, and oxygen content. At low tide, there is the risk of predators like seabirds. These pools have engaged the attention of
1350:
5283:
2798:
2660:
1692:
Gibson, R. N.; Yoshiyama, R. M. (January 1, 1999), Horn, Michael H.; Martin, Karen L. M.; Chotkowski, Michael A. (eds.),
1132:
5036:
4859:
4700:
4112:
3965:
85:
of the sun and moon. A tidal cycle is usually about 25 hours and consists of one or two high tides and two low tides.
4372:
2690:
1486:"Shell mineralogy of a foundational marine species, Mytilus californianus , over half a century in a changing ocean"
2325:
2180:
136:
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6072:
5683:
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4695:
4407:
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3262:
5500:
5373:
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3955:
3613:
3152:
118:
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5145:
5100:
4852:
4105:
3825:
3752:
3657:
3620:
4632:
558:
535:
523:
4978:
3172:
3157:
1953:"A walking behavior generates functional overland movements in the tidepool sculpin, Oligocottus maculosus"
885:
which they slide across their mouth opening when not feeding. These plates also protect against predation.
6145:
5335:
4226:
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3167:
2173:
1693:
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4607:
4324:
4221:
4086:
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2475:
5975:
2000:"Environmental factors impacting the abundance and distribution of amphipods in intertidal rock pools"
1484:
Bullard, Elizabeth M.; Torres, Ivan; Ren, Tianqi; Graeve, Olivia A.; Roy, Kaustuv (January 19, 2021).
5581:
5193:
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4928:
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2783:
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1825:
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31:
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4803:
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692:
387:
17:
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4475:
6184:
5415:
5278:
5188:
5056:
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4908:
4765:
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4392:
3451:
2937:
2748:
2642:
2370:
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1999:
1952:
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732:
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close their shells to keep in moisture. They reopen when the tide returns and brings them food.
6194:
5561:
5505:
5440:
5303:
5238:
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330:
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4058:
3182:
3109:
3044:
2909:
2884:
2859:
2743:
2490:
2270:
1797:
1284:"What's in a tide pool? Just as much food web network complexity as in large open ecosystems"
948:
639:
268:
122:, "It is advisable to look from the tide pool to the stars and then back to the tide pool."
1593:"Temperature and Salinity Effects on Shell Selection by the Hermit Crab Pagurus longicarpus"
1267:
6041:
5591:
5556:
5551:
5475:
5470:
5425:
5323:
5293:
5288:
5140:
5003:
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4166:
3887:
3840:
3795:
3780:
2917:
2879:
2210:
2011:
1497:
1295:
599:
252:. The same waves and currents that make life in the high tide zone difficult bring food to
148:
The supralittoral zone or splash zone: area above the high-tide mark, which is virtually a
1398:
8:
6082:
5676:
5641:
5616:
5480:
5450:
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5308:
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3991:
3785:
3349:
3139:
2793:
2602:
2560:
2330:
2290:
901:
766:
2015:
1914:"High Tide Movements and Homing Behaviour of the Tidepool Sculpin Oligocottus maculosus"
1647:
1569:
1501:
1299:
180:. At other times, the rocks may undergo other extreme conditions, such as baking in the
6125:
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5772:
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5652:
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5110:
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1980:
1789:
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1573:
1528:
1485:
1455:
1326:
1283:
1066:
680:
609:
584:
2120:
1913:
1826:"Resilience of a rocky intertidal fish community in a physically unstable environment"
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5887:
5777:
5541:
5510:
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5125:
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4798:
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1972:
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1646:
Yoshikawa, Akihiro; Goto, Ryutaro; Yasuda, Chiaki I; Asakura, Akira (July 21, 2020).
1620:
1612:
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1515:
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1447:
1331:
1313:
1234:
1165:
992:
852:
839:
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289:
208:, and long exposure to the sun and open air. This zone is predominantly inhabited by
1984:
1632:
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5747:
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5268:
5150:
5135:
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3426:
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2019:
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1505:
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1321:
1303:
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914:
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888:
800:
987:
Coralline algae "Corallinales" are predominant features of mid and low intertidal
835:
and other microorganism are the food sources that attract them to the tide pools.
27:
Rocky pool on a seashore, separated from the sea at low tide, filled with seawater
5922:
5917:
5807:
5737:
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5490:
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5455:
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3551:
3546:
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3147:
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2975:
2927:
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2587:
2540:
2465:
2310:
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2023:
1998:
Carvalho, Jessica; Mendonça, Vanessa; Vinagre, Catarina; Silva, Ana (June 2021).
1308:
1127:
1027:
882:
824:
765:
to break them open. Sea stars prey on mussels and are eaten by gulls themselves.
659:
634:
537:
525:
149:
131:
5872:
831:", that protect them from predators they feed almost undisturbed in tide pools.
200:
during each high tide, which occurs once or twice daily. Organisms must survive
6179:
6135:
6062:
6046:
5827:
5822:
5767:
5717:
5669:
5611:
5435:
5388:
5318:
5313:
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5075:
4948:
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4745:
4725:
4528:
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4432:
4309:
4264:
4156:
3441:
3436:
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3319:
3011:
2965:
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2932:
2899:
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2258:
2253:
2248:
1968:
1758:
1358:
306:
113:
105:
1880:
1412:
798:, in which the animal splits into two parts along its length. The sea anemone
6168:
6130:
6077:
6013:
5932:
5897:
5636:
4612:
4586:
4543:
4533:
4488:
4455:
4347:
4181:
4136:
4053:
4036:
3986:
3927:
3902:
3765:
3692:
3364:
3225:
3119:
3084:
2985:
2980:
2955:
2485:
2450:
2425:
2275:
2238:
2144:
1937:
1898:
1849:
1766:
1742:
1673:
1664:
1616:
1554:(November 1972). "Community Interactions on Marine Rocky Intertidal Shores".
1519:
1451:
1317:
820:
748:
654:
644:
604:
589:
383:
253:
213:
205:
152:
environment. Occasionally gets splashed, but never gets covered by the ocean.
109:
39:
5661:
1864:
1510:
1164:
US Department of
Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
900:
are commonly found in tide pool environments. The long-wristed hermit crab (
140:
Tide pools in Santa Cruz, California from spray/splash zone to low tide zone
6140:
6067:
5902:
5802:
5732:
5722:
5621:
5606:
5263:
5233:
5178:
5061:
5026:
4903:
4402:
3917:
3805:
3677:
3672:
3571:
3561:
3506:
3211:
2990:
2970:
2874:
2612:
2495:
2415:
2375:
2365:
2335:
1976:
1624:
1537:
1467:
1335:
1101:
961:
649:
579:
517:
484:
450:
421:
411:
379:
325:
1235:"Intertidal - Oceans, Coasts & Seashores (U.S. National Park Service)"
81:, as seawater gets trapped when the tide recedes. Tides are caused by the
6092:
5942:
5927:
5912:
5852:
5757:
4913:
4460:
4422:
4397:
4387:
4352:
4299:
4279:
4068:
3882:
3855:
3850:
3730:
3712:
3702:
3697:
3652:
3647:
3637:
3586:
3576:
3299:
3124:
3099:
3094:
3064:
2847:
2823:
2788:
2597:
2500:
2420:
2380:
2233:
2047:"Seasonal patterns of disturbance influence recruitment of the sea palm,
1889:
1372:
1137:
1000:
976:
897:
877:. These animals, therefore, need to be well adapted to water loss. Their
874:
786:
736:
474:
416:
338:
301:
249:
233:
217:
169:
1743:"Ecology, evolution and conservation of tidepool fishes of the Americas"
1459:
1427:
377:
6107:
6097:
5998:
5907:
5892:
5857:
5832:
5626:
5203:
5168:
4808:
4760:
4705:
4675:
4581:
4498:
4442:
4319:
4269:
3996:
3932:
3892:
3810:
3735:
3526:
3384:
3104:
3039:
2828:
2808:
2592:
2565:
2350:
2263:
2105:
1577:
988:
762:
529:
479:
445:
342:
245:
101:
67:
44:
3220:
1780:
Horn, Michael H.; Martin, Karen L. M.; Chotkowski, Michael A. (1999).
1443:
6087:
6028:
6008:
6003:
5960:
5842:
5792:
5787:
5531:
5485:
5213:
4627:
4427:
4382:
4357:
4294:
4284:
4259:
4251:
4196:
4127:
3937:
3897:
3725:
3662:
3511:
3034:
2818:
2582:
2575:
2550:
2460:
2165:
1951:
Bressman, Noah R.; Gibb, Alice C.; Farina, Stacy C. (December 2018).
1033:
970:
939:
934:
921:
844:
744:
720:
552:
314:
201:
173:
3247:
2097:
1929:
1739:
819:") move around tide pools with tube like feet. Different species of
6018:
5847:
5837:
5812:
5782:
5762:
5742:
5712:
5586:
5515:
5046:
4874:
4553:
4465:
4412:
4367:
3865:
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3687:
3602:
3461:
3286:
3079:
2889:
2435:
2430:
2355:
1608:
1263:
1115:
866:
862:
774:
594:
548:
334:
310:
221:
185:
97:
78:
63:
48:
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4483:
4128:
4001:
3875:
3720:
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3591:
3501:
3496:
3486:
3406:
3089:
3049:
3019:
2997:
2617:
2405:
2305:
964:. Alternatively, the mussels may prevent the growth of competing
943:
878:
869:
848:
513:
373:
357:
293:
285:
237:
209:
89:
82:
2838:
2208:
5970:
5952:
5696:
4026:
4021:
3556:
3536:
3491:
3476:
3334:
3074:
2400:
858:
740:
724:
394:
297:
225:
161:
The sublittoral or subtidal zone: area below the low-tide mark.
93:
794:
reproduces clones of itself through a process of longitudinal
5990:
3907:
3870:
3629:
3531:
3481:
3466:
3456:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3359:
3354:
3304:
1428:"Intertidal Invertebrates Locally Enhance Primary Production"
1280:
984:
to grow freely after wave action has eliminated the mussels.
965:
832:
823:
have different colors, and many are seen in tide pools. With
770:
241:
197:
177:
168:
Tide pools exist in the intertidal zone (the area within the
74:
70:
1997:
6153:
5727:
5704:
5692:
4041:
4031:
4006:
3516:
3446:
3394:
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758:
754:
728:
229:
1645:
3521:
3324:
2632:
2622:
181:
1824:
Thomson, Donald A.; Lehner, Charles E. (April 1, 1976).
1397:. Dana Krempels, Ph.D. September 5, 2008. Archived from
288:, anemones, brown seaweed, chitons, crabs, green algae,
1483:
1375:. British Marine Life Study Society. September 5, 2008
155:
The intertidal fringe: area around the high-tide mark.
1163:
719:
Tide pools provide a home for many organisms such as
1779:
313:. This area is also relatively protected from large
1591:Gilliand, Sarah; Pechenik, Jan A. (December 2018).
1387:
2125:Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
2056:Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
1950:
1830:Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
1918:Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada
1863:Almada, VĂtor C.; Faria, Cláudia (June 1, 2004).
1365:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
6166:
2038:
1590:
1700:, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 264–296,
1691:
1490:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
757:can dislodge mussels and draw them out to sea.
30:"Rockpool" redirects here. For other uses, see
1252:
1183:
731:. Inhabitants deal with a frequently changing
317:because of the wave action and shallow water.
5691:
5677:
4860:
4113:
3263:
2471:Stable isotope analysis in aquatic ecosystems
2181:
1823:
881:shells are impermeable, and they possess two
700:
1100:Temporary tide pool at an extreme low tide,
2536:Freshwater environmental quality parameters
1862:
1348:
1342:
5684:
5670:
5081:Latitudinal gradients in species diversity
4867:
4853:
4120:
4106:
3270:
3256:
2188:
2174:
2044:
707:
693:
545:
1888:
1663:
1527:
1509:
1415:. California Tide Pools. October 1, 2014.
1325:
1307:
4979:Predator–prey (Lotka–Volterra) equations
4618:Tritrophic interactions in plant defense
1557:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
887:
751:, exposure to midday sun and predators.
324:
267:
135:
38:
5011:Random generalized Lotka–Volterra model
2118:
2075:
1782:"Intertidal Fishes: life in two worlds"
1550:
1425:
615:Hydrothermal vent microbial communities
309:activity, with almost normal levels of
14:
6167:
4819:Herbivore adaptations to plant defense
2195:
1479:
1477:
1118:and create competition for resources.
5665:
4848:
4101:
3277:
3251:
2724:
2723:
2207:
2169:
2081:
1911:
1869:Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
1747:Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
1735:
1733:
1731:
1687:
1685:
1683:
827:, some filled with poison like with "
4834:Predator avoidance in schooling fish
2119:Padilla, Dianna K. (July 24, 1984).
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1159:
1157:
1109:
777:that can vary based on the climate.
392:
300:, mussels, and sometimes even small
184:or being exposed to cold winds. Few
172:), which is submerged by the sea at
5284:Intermediate disturbance hypothesis
2799:Oceanic physical-biological process
2661:List of freshwater ecoregions (WWF)
2045:Blanchette, Carol A. (April 1996).
1570:10.1146/annurev.es.03.110172.001125
1474:
1266:. September 5, 2008. Archived from
1212:. September 5, 2008. Archived from
1133:List of British Isles rockpool life
865:live in the splash zone. Different
188:can survive such harsh conditions.
24:
5037:Ecological effects of biodiversity
3966:Integrated coastal zone management
1790:10.1016/b978-0-12-356040-7.x5000-8
1728:
1694:"13 - Intertidal Fish Communities"
1680:
25:
6211:
4373:Generalist and specialist species
2154:
1349:Andy Horton (September 5, 2008).
1220:
1154:
1088:engaged in a battle for territory
191:
92:are home to especially adaptable
5871:
5096:Occupancy–abundance relationship
4082:
4081:
3619:
3612:
3232:
3231:
3219:
3205:
2837:
2509:
2326:Colored dissolved organic matter
1912:Green, John M. (March 1, 1971).
1706:10.1016/b978-012356040-7/50014-7
1093:
1075:
1070:consuming a mussel in tide pools
1057:
1040:
1009:
674:
364:
278:
259:
256:and other intertidal organisms.
5116:Relative abundance distribution
4829:Plant defense against herbivory
4696:Competitive exclusion principle
4408:Mesopredator release hypothesis
2671:Latin America and the Caribbean
2161:Tidal swimming pools in Britain
2112:
1991:
1944:
1905:
1856:
1817:
1773:
1639:
1584:
1544:
1419:
1024:consuming a by-the-wind-sailor
955:Recent studies have shown that
920:Multiple species of Amphipods (
4701:Consumer–resource interactions
4064:Region of freshwater influence
3153:Ecological values of mangroves
2696:North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
1426:Pfister, Catherine A. (2007).
1405:
1274:
807:Some species of sea stars can
320:
119:The Log from the Sea of Cortez
13:
1:
6200:Coastal and oceanic landforms
5547:Biological data visualization
5374:Environmental niche modelling
5101:Population viability analysis
3826:Large-scale coastal behaviour
3658:Beaches in estuaries and bays
1741:Karen L. (December 1, 2023).
1652:Journal of Crustacean Biology
1148:
1143:Sydney inter-tidal rock pools
851:which are both polymorphs of
5032:Density-dependent inhibition
3173:Marine conservation activism
3158:Fisheries and climate change
2137:10.1016/0022-0981(84)90213-2
2069:10.1016/0022-0981(95)00141-7
2024:10.1016/j.seares.2021.102035
1842:10.1016/0022-0981(76)90106-4
1309:10.1371/journal.pone.0200066
1260:"Botanical Beach Tide Pools"
938:) look similar to miniature
273:Low tide zone in a tide pool
7:
5501:Liebig's law of the minimum
5336:Resource selection function
4227:Metabolic theory of ecology
3168:Human impact on marine life
3045:Davidson Seamount § Ecology
2281:Aquatic population dynamics
1792:– via Academic Press.
1121:
892:Hermit crabs in a tide pool
352:Part of a series related to
329:The site of a tide pool in
10:
6216:
5401:Niche apportionment models
5121:Relative species abundance
4325:Primary nutritional groups
4222:List of feeding behaviours
1969:10.1016/j.zool.2018.10.003
1759:10.1007/s11160-023-09798-z
1052:at low tide in a tide pool
129:
29:
6055:
6027:
5989:
5951:
5880:
5869:
5703:
5650:
5582:Ecosystem based fisheries
5524:
5424:
5349:
5222:
5194:Interspecific competition
5159:
5086:Minimum viable population
5019:
4944:Maximum sustainable yield
4929:Intraspecific competition
4924:Effective population size
4887:
4804:Anti-predator adaptations
4789:
4668:
4595:
4552:
4474:
4441:
4338:
4315:Photosynthetic efficiency
4250:
4144:
4077:
3979:
3946:
3751:
3711:
3628:
3610:
3285:
3199:
3138:
3010:
2946:
2908:
2855:
2846:
2835:
2784:Marine primary production
2736:
2732:
2719:
2678:List of marine ecoregions
2653:
2518:
2507:
2221:
2217:
2203:
1881:10.1007/s11160-004-6750-7
791:Anthopleura elegantissima
743:content. Hazards include
32:Rockpool (disambiguation)
5863:Waste stabilization pond
5572:Ecological stoichiometry
5537:Alternative stable state
3771:Coastal biogeomorphology
3030:Coastal biogeomorphology
3025:Marine coastal ecosystem
927:
780:
735:: fluctuations in water
125:
66:that forms on the rocky
5416:Ontogenetic niche shift
5279:Ideal free distribution
5189:Ecological facilitation
4939:Malthusian growth model
4909:Consumer-resource model
4766:Paradox of the plankton
4731:Energy systems language
4451:Chemoorganoheterotrophy
4418:Optimal foraging theory
4393:Heterotrophic nutrition
2938:Paradox of the plankton
2749:Diel vertical migration
2643:Freshwater swamp forest
2361:GIS and aquatic science
2209:General components and
2004:Journal of Sea Research
1597:The Biological Bulletin
1511:10.1073/pnas.2004769118
1395:"Biology: Regeneration"
5562:Ecological forecasting
5506:Marginal value theorem
5304:Landscape epidemiology
5239:Cross-boundary subsidy
5174:Biological interaction
4524:Microbial intelligence
4212:Green world hypothesis
3668:Coastal morphodynamics
2764:Large marine ecosystem
2456:Shoaling and schooling
2049:Postelsia palmaeformis
1805:Cite journal requires
1665:10.1093/jcbiol/ruaa039
1264:British Columbia Parks
1216:on September 24, 2008.
1166:"What is a tide pool?"
1049:Postelsia palmaeformis
893:
681:Marine life portal
346:
331:Santa Cruz, California
275:
196:The high tide zone is
141:
51:
5818:Salt evaporation pond
5567:Ecological humanities
5466:Ecological energetics
5411:Niche differentiation
5274:Habitat fragmentation
5042:Ecological extinction
4989:Small population size
4741:Feed conversion ratio
4721:Ecological succession
4653:San Francisco Estuary
4567:Ecological efficiency
4509:Microbial cooperation
4059:Physical oceanography
3183:Marine protected area
3110:Salt pannes and pools
2885:Marine larval ecology
2860:Census of Marine Life
2744:Deep scattering layer
2701:San Francisco Estuary
2666:Africa and Madagascar
2491:Underwater camouflage
2271:Aquatic biomonitoring
2211:freshwater ecosystems
1170:oceanservice.noaa.gov
949:Mytilus californianus
891:
829:Toxopnesutes pileolus
640:Van Veen grab sampler
328:
271:
139:
62:is a shallow pool of
42:
6073:Big fish–little pond
6042:Freshwater ecosystem
5976:Puddles on a surface
5592:Evolutionary ecology
5557:Ecological footprint
5552:Ecological economics
5476:Ecological threshold
5471:Ecological indicator
5341:Source–sink dynamics
5294:Land change modeling
5289:Insular biogeography
5141:Species distribution
4880:Modelling ecosystems
4539:Microbial metabolism
4378:Intraguild predation
4167:Biogeochemical cycle
4133:Modelling ecosystems
3888:Submergent coastline
3841:Marine transgression
3796:Discordant coastline
3781:Concordant coastline
2918:Marine bacteriophage
2880:Marine invertebrates
1373:"Snakelocks Anemone"
1361:on October 17, 2008.
1016:A starburst anemone
838:The presence of the
600:Deep sea communities
244:provide shelter for
6083:Constructed wetland
5642:Theoretical ecology
5617:Natural environment
5481:Ecosystem diversity
5451:Ecological collapse
5441:Bateman's principle
5396:Limiting similarity
5309:Landscape limnology
5131:Species homogeneity
4969:Population modeling
4964:Population dynamics
4781:Trophic state index
3992:Coastal engineering
2794:Ocean fertilization
2603:Trophic state index
2561:Lake stratification
2291:Aquatic respiration
2016:2021JSR...17202035C
1502:2021PNAS..11804769B
1300:2018PLoSO..1300066M
902:Pagurus longicarpus
5966:Coffee ring effect
5773:Infiltration basin
5753:Facultative lagoon
5653:Outline of ecology
5602:Industrial ecology
5597:Functional ecology
5461:Ecological deficit
5406:Niche construction
5369:Ecosystem engineer
5146:Species–area curve
5067:Introduced species
4882:: Other components
4814:Deimatic behaviour
4716:Ecological network
4648:North Pacific Gyre
4633:hydrothermal vents
4572:Ecological pyramid
4519:Microbial food web
4330:Primary production
4275:Foundation species
3961:Coastal management
3801:Emergent coastline
3472:Intertidal wetland
3375:Continental margin
3060:Intertidal wetland
3055:Intertidal ecology
2923:Marine prokaryotes
2865:Deep-sea community
2759:Iron fertilization
2682:Specific examples
2608:Upland and lowland
2526:Freshwater biology
2391:Microbial food web
2301:Aquatic toxicology
2244:Aquatic adaptation
2197:Aquatic ecosystems
1552:Connell, Joseph H.
1496:(3): e2004769118.
1401:on August 6, 2009.
1355:homepages.ed.ac.uk
1067:Pisaster ochraceus
894:
610:Intertidal ecology
585:Benthopelagic fish
506:
347:
276:
142:
83:gravitational pull
52:
6190:Coastal geography
6162:
6161:
6103:Pond of Abundance
6037:Aquatic ecosystem
5659:
5658:
5542:Balance of nature
5299:Landscape ecology
5184:Community ecology
5126:Species diversity
5062:Indicator species
5057:Gradient analysis
4934:Logistic function
4842:
4841:
4799:Animal coloration
4776:Trophic mutualism
4514:Microbial ecology
4305:Photoheterotrophs
4290:Myco-heterotrophy
4202:Ecosystem ecology
4187:Carrying capacity
4152:Abiotic component
4095:
4094:
3923:Wave-cut platform
3836:Marine regression
3380:Continental shelf
3370:Coastal waterfall
3279:Coastal geography
3245:
3244:
3226:Oceans portal
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3070:Hydrothermal vent
3006:
3005:
2895:Seashore wildlife
2726:Marine ecosystems
2715:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2481:Thermal pollution
2446:Ramsar Convention
2386:Microbial ecology
2346:Fisheries science
2286:Aquatic predation
1715:978-0-12-356040-7
1698:Intertidal Fishes
1444:10.1890/06-1913.1
1270:on July 24, 2008.
1206:"NPCA Tide pools"
1110:Coastal predators
993:Calcium carbonate
853:Calcium carbonate
840:California mussel
761:pick up and drop
717:
716:
561:hydrothermal vent
106:marine biologists
16:(Redirected from
6207:
5875:
5748:Evaporation pond
5686:
5679:
5672:
5663:
5662:
5359:Ecological niche
5331:selection theory
5151:Umbrella species
5136:Species richness
5072:Invasive species
5052:Flagship species
4959:Population cycle
4954:Overexploitation
4919:Ecological yield
4869:
4862:
4855:
4846:
4845:
4751:Mesotrophic soil
4691:Climax community
4623:Marine food webs
4562:Biomagnification
4363:Chemoorganotroph
4217:Keystone species
4177:Biotic component
4122:
4115:
4108:
4099:
4098:
4085:
4084:
3846:Raised shoreline
3821:Ingression coast
3816:Graded shoreline
3791:Cuspate foreland
3623:
3616:
3567:Submarine canyon
3427:Freshwater marsh
3272:
3265:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3235:
3234:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3214:
3212:Lakes portal
3210:
3209:
3208:
3178:Marine pollution
2870:Deep-water coral
2853:
2852:
2841:
2774:Marine chemistry
2734:
2733:
2721:
2720:
2638:Freshwater marsh
2531:Freshwater biome
2513:
2229:Acoustic ecology
2219:
2218:
2205:
2204:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2149:
2148:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2092:(6): 1787–1794.
2079:
2073:
2072:
2042:
2036:
2035:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1892:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1803:
1801:
1793:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1753:(4): 1263–1290.
1737:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1689:
1678:
1677:
1667:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1531:
1513:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1438:(7): 1647–1653.
1423:
1417:
1416:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1357:. Archived from
1346:
1340:
1339:
1329:
1311:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1231:
1218:
1217:
1202:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1161:
1097:
1085:Anthopleura sola
1079:
1061:
1044:
1020:Anthopleura sola
1013:
915:Homing (biology)
910:Tidepool sculpin
896:Many species of
801:Anthopleura sola
739:, salinity, and
709:
702:
695:
679:
678:
677:
559:
546:
536:
524:
507:
393:
378:
368:
367:
349:
348:
47:, west coast of
21:
6215:
6214:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6205:
6204:
6175:Bodies of water
6165:
6164:
6163:
6158:
6051:
6023:
5985:
5947:
5923:Spent fuel pool
5918:Reflecting pool
5888:Anchialine pool
5876:
5867:
5699:
5690:
5660:
5655:
5646:
5632:Systems ecology
5520:
5491:Extinction debt
5456:Ecological debt
5446:Bioluminescence
5427:
5420:
5389:marine habitats
5364:Ecological trap
5345:
5225:
5218:
5161:
5155:
5111:Rapoport's rule
5106:Priority effect
5047:Endemic species
5015:
4974:Population size
4890:
4883:
4873:
4843:
4838:
4791:
4785:
4771:Trophic cascade
4681:Bioaccumulation
4664:
4591:
4548:
4470:
4437:
4334:
4246:
4207:Ecosystem model
4140:
4126:
4096:
4091:
4073:
4049:Intertidal zone
3975:
3942:
3831:Longshore drift
3776:Coastal erosion
3747:
3707:
3643:Beach evolution
3624:
3618:
3617:
3608:
3295:Anchialine pool
3281:
3276:
3246:
3241:
3218:
3217:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3187:
3148:Coral bleaching
3134:
3115:Seagrass meadow
3012:Marine habitats
3002:
2976:Coral reef fish
2942:
2928:Marine protists
2904:
2842:
2833:
2804:Ocean turbidity
2779:Marine food web
2728:
2707:
2649:
2588:River ecosystem
2541:Freshwater fish
2514:
2505:
2311:Bioluminescence
2296:Aquatic science
2213:
2199:
2194:
2157:
2152:
2117:
2113:
2098:10.2307/1941157
2080:
2076:
2043:
2039:
1996:
1992:
1949:
1945:
1930:10.1139/f71-051
1910:
1906:
1861:
1857:
1822:
1818:
1806:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1778:
1774:
1738:
1729:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1690:
1681:
1644:
1640:
1589:
1585:
1549:
1545:
1482:
1475:
1424:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1347:
1343:
1294:(7): e0200066.
1279:
1275:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1221:
1204:
1203:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1162:
1155:
1151:
1128:Intertidal fish
1124:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1045:
1036:
1028:Velella velella
1014:
998:
930:
783:
713:
675:
673:
666:
665:
664:
660:Marine sediment
635:Epibenthic sled
629:
621:
620:
619:
574:
566:
565:
564:
563:
557:
555:
544:
541:
540:
538:seagrass meadow
534:
532:
526:mangrove forest
522:
520:
505:
501:
493:
492:
491:
467:
459:
458:
457:
438:
430:
429:
428:
404:
391:
382:
376:
365:
323:
281:
274:
262:
194:
134:
132:Intertidal zone
128:
43:A tide pool in
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6213:
6203:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6185:Marine biology
6182:
6177:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6143:
6138:
6136:Water aeration
6133:
6128:
6123:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6063:Aerated lagoon
6059:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6049:
6047:Lake ecosystem
6044:
6039:
6033:
6031:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5995:
5993:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5957:
5955:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5877:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5808:Retention pond
5805:
5800:
5798:Polishing pond
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5768:Immersion pond
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5738:Detention pond
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5718:Balancing lake
5715:
5709:
5707:
5701:
5700:
5689:
5688:
5681:
5674:
5666:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5612:Microecosystem
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5528:
5526:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5511:Thorson's rule
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5436:Assembly rules
5432:
5430:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5355:
5353:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5321:
5319:Patch dynamics
5316:
5314:Metapopulation
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5230:
5228:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5209:Storage effect
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5165:
5163:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5091:Neutral theory
5088:
5083:
5078:
5076:Native species
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5023:
5021:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4949:Overpopulation
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4895:
4893:
4885:
4884:
4872:
4871:
4864:
4857:
4849:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4795:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4756:Nutrient cycle
4753:
4748:
4746:Feeding frenzy
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4726:Energy quality
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4686:Cascade effect
4683:
4678:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4558:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4529:Microbial loop
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4494:Lithoautotroph
4491:
4486:
4480:
4478:
4476:Microorganisms
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4447:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4433:Prey switching
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4344:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4310:Photosynthesis
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4265:Chemosynthesis
4262:
4256:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4157:Abiotic stress
4154:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4141:
4125:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4102:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3994:
3989:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3728:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3634:
3632:
3626:
3625:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3340:Brackish marsh
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3320:Barrier island
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3275:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3252:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3229:
3215:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3144:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2966:Saltwater fish
2963:
2961:Marine reptile
2958:
2952:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2933:Marine viruses
2930:
2925:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2910:Microorganisms
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2900:Wild fisheries
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2856:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2814:Thorson's rule
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2769:Marine biology
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2730:
2729:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2680:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2628:Brackish marsh
2625:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2556:Lake ecosystem
2553:
2548:
2546:Hyporheic zone
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2396:Microbial loop
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2341:Eutrophication
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2321:Cascade effect
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2249:Aquatic animal
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2201:
2200:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2156:
2155:External links
2153:
2151:
2150:
2131:(2): 105–127.
2111:
2074:
2037:
1990:
1943:
1924:(3): 383–389.
1904:
1875:(2): 239–250.
1855:
1816:
1807:|journal=
1772:
1727:
1714:
1679:
1638:
1609:10.1086/700188
1603:(3): 178–184.
1583:
1564:(1): 169–192.
1543:
1473:
1418:
1404:
1386:
1364:
1351:"Sea Anemones"
1341:
1273:
1251:
1219:
1182:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1120:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1090:
1082:Sea anemones,
1081:
1074:
1072:
1063:
1056:
1054:
1046:
1039:
1037:
1015:
1008:
996:
929:
926:
815:Sea urchins ("
782:
779:
715:
714:
712:
711:
704:
697:
689:
686:
685:
684:
683:
668:
667:
663:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
631:
630:
627:
626:
623:
622:
618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
576:
575:
572:
571:
568:
567:
556:
543:
542:
533:
521:
504:
503:
502:
499:
498:
495:
494:
490:
489:
488:
487:
482:
477:
469:
468:
465:
464:
461:
460:
456:
455:
454:
453:
448:
440:
439:
436:
435:
432:
431:
427:
426:
425:
424:
419:
414:
406:
405:
402:
401:
398:
397:
370:
369:
361:
360:
354:
353:
322:
319:
307:photosynthetic
280:
277:
272:
261:
258:
254:filter feeders
193:
192:High Tide Zone
190:
163:
162:
159:
156:
153:
130:Main article:
127:
124:
114:John Steinbeck
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6212:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6195:Natural pools
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6148:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6131:Swimming hole
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6078:Body of water
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6058:
6054:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6014:Goldfish pond
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5992:
5988:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5950:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5933:Swimming pool
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5898:Infinity pool
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5828:Settling pond
5826:
5824:
5823:Sediment pond
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5695:, pools, and
5694:
5687:
5682:
5680:
5675:
5673:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5654:
5649:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5637:Urban ecology
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5496:Kleiber's law
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5423:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5348:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5269:Foster's rule
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5221:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5158:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5018:
5012:
5009:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4886:
4881:
4877:
4870:
4865:
4863:
4858:
4856:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4788:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4588:
4587:Trophic level
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4545:
4544:Phage ecology
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4534:Microbial mat
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4489:Bacteriophage
4487:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4456:Decomposition
4454:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4403:Mesopredators
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4348:Apex predator
4346:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4182:Biotic stress
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4123:
4118:
4116:
4111:
4109:
4104:
4103:
4100:
4088:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4054:Littoral zone
4052:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:Bulkhead line
3985:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Wave shoaling
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3903:Surge channel
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3766:Cliffed coast
3764:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3693:Shingle beach
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3615:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3365:Coastal plain
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3268:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3238:
3230:
3227:
3222:
3216:
3213:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3120:Sponge ground
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:Marine biomes
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2986:Demersal fish
2984:
2982:
2981:Deep-sea fish
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Marine mammal
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Trophic level
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:Sediment trap
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2426:Phytoplankton
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2276:Aquatic plant
2274:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:Anoxic waters
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2186:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2041:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1890:10400.12/1509
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1812:
1799:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1717:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1478:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1414:
1413:"Sea Urchins"
1408:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1374:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1103:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1023:
1021:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1002:
994:
990:
985:
983:
979:
978:
973:
972:
967:
963:
958:
953:
951:
950:
945:
941:
937:
936:
925:
923:
918:
916:
911:
905:
903:
899:
890:
886:
884:
880:
876:
871:
868:
864:
860:
856:
854:
850:
846:
841:
836:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
813:
810:
805:
803:
802:
797:
793:
792:
788:
778:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
710:
705:
703:
698:
696:
691:
690:
688:
687:
682:
672:
671:
670:
669:
661:
658:
656:
655:Demersal zone
653:
651:
648:
646:
645:Bioirrigation
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
625:
624:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
605:Demersal fish
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
590:Bottom feeder
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
570:
569:
562:
554:
550:
539:
531:
527:
519:
515:
511:
497:
496:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
472:
471:
470:
463:
462:
452:
449:
447:
444:
443:
442:
441:
434:
433:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
409:
408:
407:
400:
399:
396:
389:
385:
384:Benthopelagic
381:
375:
372:
371:
363:
362:
359:
356:
355:
351:
350:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
318:
316:
312:
308:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
279:Low Tide Zone
270:
266:
260:Mid Tide Zone
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
214:invertebrates
211:
207:
203:
199:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
166:
160:
157:
154:
151:
147:
146:
145:
138:
133:
123:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:philosophical
108:, as well as
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
6147:Water Lilies
6146:
6141:Water garden
6121:(M C Escher)
6118:
6068:Bakki shower
5937:
5903:Natural pool
5803:Raceway pond
5733:Cooling pond
5723:Ballast pond
5622:Regime shift
5607:Macroecology
5328:
5324:
5264:Edge effects
5234:Biogeography
5179:Commensalism
5027:Biodiversity
4904:Allee effect
4657:
4643:kelp forests
4596:Example webs
4461:Detritivores
4300:Organotrophs
4280:Kinetotrophs
4232:Productivity
3918:Volcanic arc
3806:Feeder bluff
3713:River mouths
3678:Raised beach
3673:Pocket beach
3601:
3581:
3572:Tidal island
3562:Strand plain
3507:Natural arch
3140:Conservation
3129:
2991:Pelagic fish
2971:Coastal fish
2875:Marine fungi
2613:Water garden
2496:Water column
2441:Productivity
2416:Pelagic zone
2376:Macrobenthos
2366:Hydrobiology
2336:Ecohydrology
2128:
2124:
2114:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2040:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1798:cite journal
1775:
1750:
1746:
1721:December 18,
1719:, retrieved
1697:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1600:
1596:
1586:
1561:
1555:
1546:
1493:
1489:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1407:
1399:the original
1389:
1379:September 6,
1377:. Retrieved
1367:
1359:the original
1354:
1344:
1291:
1287:
1276:
1268:the original
1254:
1244:February 26,
1242:. Retrieved
1238:
1214:the original
1175:February 26,
1173:. Retrieved
1169:
1113:
1102:Kachemak Bay
1083:
1065:
1047:
1025:
1017:
986:
981:
975:
969:
962:gametophytes
956:
954:
947:
933:
931:
919:
906:
895:
857:
837:
814:
806:
799:
789:
784:
753:
718:
650:Bioturbation
580:Benthic fish
518:bivalve reef
509:
485:hyperbenthos
451:phytobenthos
422:microbenthos
412:macrobenthos
380:Benthic zone
358:Benthic life
339:sea anemones
282:
263:
250:hermit crabs
218:sea anemones
195:
167:
164:
143:
117:
87:
59:
55:
53:
36:
6093:Hydric soil
5981:Seep puddle
5943:Vernal pool
5928:Stream pool
5913:Plunge pool
5778:Kettle pond
5758:Garden pond
5259:Disturbance
5162:interaction
4984:Recruitment
4914:Depensation
4706:Copiotrophs
4577:Energy flow
4499:Lithotrophy
4443:Decomposers
4423:Planktivore
4398:Insectivore
4388:Heterotroph
4353:Bacterivore
4320:Phototrophs
4270:Chemotrophs
4242:Restoration
4192:Competition
4069:River plume
3883:Steep coast
3856:Rocky shore
3851:Rip current
3731:River delta
3703:Wash margin
3698:Storm beach
3688:Shell beach
3653:Beach wrack
3648:Beach ridge
3638:Beach cusps
3587:Tied island
3577:Tidal marsh
3300:Archipelago
3125:Sponge reef
3100:Rocky shore
3095:Oyster reef
3065:Kelp forest
2948:Vertebrates
2848:Marine life
2824:Viral shunt
2789:Marine snow
2691:Maharashtra
2598:Stream pool
2501:Zooplankton
2421:Photic zone
2381:Meiobenthos
2234:Algal bloom
2063:(1): 1–14.
1836:(1): 1–29.
1239:www.nps.gov
1138:Rocky shore
1001:desiccation
980:, allowing
977:Halosaccion
932:Sea palms (
898:Hermit crab
787:sea anemone
767:Black bears
763:sea urchins
737:temperature
733:environment
573:Communities
475:endobenthos
466:By location
417:meiobenthos
343:sea sponges
321:Marine life
302:vertebrates
246:nudibranchs
234:green algae
202:wave action
176:and during
170:tidal range
150:terrestrial
112:essayists:
102:naturalists
6169:Categories
6108:Pond liner
6098:Phytotelma
6029:Ecosystems
5999:Beaver dam
5908:Ocean pool
5893:Brine pool
5858:Waste pond
5833:Solar pond
5627:Sexecology
5204:Parasitism
5169:Antibiosis
5004:Resistance
4999:Resilience
4889:Population
4809:Camouflage
4761:Oligotroph
4676:Ascendency
4638:intertidal
4628:cold seeps
4582:Food chain
4383:Herbivores
4358:Carnivores
4285:Mixotrophs
4260:Autotrophs
4139:components
3997:Grain size
3971:Submersion
3948:Management
3933:Wind fetch
3893:Surf break
3811:Flat coast
3741:regressive
3527:Salt marsh
3385:Coral reef
3105:Salt marsh
3040:Coral reef
2829:Whale fall
2809:Photophore
2686:Everglades
2654:Ecoregions
2593:Stream bed
2566:Macrophyte
2519:Freshwater
2351:Food chain
2264:Water bird
2010:: 102035.
1658:(4): 488.
1149:References
1064:Sea star,
989:tide pools
940:palm trees
875:desiccated
817:Echinoidia
809:regenerate
530:coral reef
500:By habitat
480:epibenthos
446:zoobenthos
216:, such as
174:high tides
88:Tide pool
68:intertidal
45:Porto Covo
6088:Full pond
6009:Fish pond
6004:Duck pond
5961:Bird bath
5938:Tide pool
5843:Stew pond
5793:Mill pond
5788:Melt pond
5532:Allometry
5486:Emergence
5214:Symbiosis
5199:Mutualism
4994:Stability
4899:Abundance
4711:Dominance
4669:Processes
4658:tide pool
4554:Food webs
4428:Predation
4413:Omnivores
4340:Consumers
4295:Mycotroph
4252:Producers
4197:Ecosystem
4162:Behaviour
3956:Accretion
3938:Wind wave
3898:Surf zone
3753:Processes
3726:Mouth bar
3683:Recession
3663:Beachrock
3582:Tide pool
3512:Peninsula
3400:cliff-top
3287:Landforms
3130:Tide pool
3035:Cold seep
2819:Upwelling
2583:Rheotaxis
2576:Fish pond
2551:Limnology
2476:Substrate
2461:Siltation
2331:Dead zone
2145:0022-0981
2032:234822803
1963:: 20–28.
1938:0015-296X
1899:1573-5184
1850:0022-0981
1767:1573-5184
1674:0278-0372
1617:0006-3185
1520:0027-8424
1452:0012-9658
1318:1932-6203
1034:hydrozoan
982:Postelsia
971:Corallina
957:Postelsia
935:Postelsia
922:Amphipoda
863:barnacles
845:Aragonite
775:food webs
747:, strong
721:sea stars
553:cold seep
510:tide pool
508:Shallow:
335:sea stars
315:predators
240:. Marine
186:organisms
116:wrote in
60:rock pool
56:tide pool
6019:Koi pond
5848:Tailings
5838:Stepwell
5813:Sag pond
5783:Log pond
5763:Ice pond
5743:Dew pond
5713:Ash pond
5587:Endolith
5516:Xerosere
5428:networks
5244:Ecocline
4790:Defense,
4466:Detritus
4368:Foraging
4237:Resource
4087:Category
3913:Undertow
3866:Sea foam
3861:Sea cave
3761:Blowhole
3603:Windwatt
3462:Headland
3310:Avulsion
3237:Category
3163:HERMIONE
3080:Mangrove
2890:Seagrass
2436:Pleuston
2431:Plankton
2411:Particle
2356:Food web
1985:54486846
1977:30502824
1633:58602447
1625:30624115
1538:33431664
1468:17645011
1460:27651282
1336:29975745
1288:PLOS ONE
1122:See also
1116:food web
1104:, Alaska
968:such as
867:barnacle
749:currents
595:Deep sea
549:seamount
388:coupling
333:showing
311:salinity
290:hydroids
222:sea star
206:currents
98:salinity
90:habitats
79:low tide
77:only at
64:seawater
49:Portugal
18:Rockpool
6149:(Monet)
6113:Ponding
6056:Related
5953:Puddles
5697:puddles
5577:Ecopath
5384:Habitat
5254:Ecotype
5249:Ecotone
5226:ecology
5224:Spatial
5160:Species
5020:Species
4891:ecology
4876:Ecology
4824:Mimicry
4792:counter
4736:f-ratio
4484:Archaea
4172:Biomass
4145:General
4137:Trophic
4129:Ecology
4037:shingle
4017:granule
4002:boulder
3980:Related
3876:peresyp
3786:Current
3721:Debouch
3630:Beaches
3597:Waituna
3592:Tombolo
3502:Mudflat
3497:Machair
3487:Isthmus
3407:Estuary
3350:Channel
3090:Mudflat
3050:Estuary
3020:Bay mud
2998:Seabird
2754:f-ratio
2737:General
2618:Wetland
2406:Neuston
2371:Hypoxia
2316:Biomass
2306:Benthos
2222:General
2106:1941157
2085:Ecology
2012:Bibcode
1957:Zoology
1578:2096846
1529:7826377
1498:Bibcode
1432:Ecology
1327:6033428
1296:Bibcode
1032:a blue
944:thallus
879:calcite
870:species
859:Lichens
849:Calcite
796:fission
725:mussels
628:Related
514:bay mud
437:By type
403:By size
374:Benthos
298:limpets
294:isopods
286:abalone
238:mussels
226:chitons
210:seaweed
198:flooded
94:animals
6126:Spring
6119:Puddle
5971:Puddle
4608:Rivers
4504:Marine
4027:pebble
4022:gravel
4012:cobble
3557:Strait
3537:Skerry
3492:Lagoon
3477:Island
3432:Fundus
3335:Bodden
3075:Lagoon
2401:Nekton
2259:Mammal
2254:Insect
2143:
2104:
2030:
1983:
1975:
1936:
1897:
1848:
1765:
1712:
1672:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1576:
1536:
1526:
1518:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1334:
1324:
1316:
883:plates
825:spines
821:urchin
741:oxygen
547:Deep:
395:Seabed
341:, and
236:, and
178:storms
6180:Tides
5991:Biome
5881:Pools
5705:Ponds
5693:Ponds
5525:Other
5426:Other
5379:Guild
5351:Niche
4603:Lakes
3908:Swash
3871:Shoal
3552:Stack
3542:Sound
3532:Shoal
3482:Islet
3467:Inlet
3457:Hapua
3422:Fjord
3417:Fjard
3412:Firth
3360:Coast
3355:Cliff
3330:Bight
3305:Atoll
2466:Spawn
2102:JSTOR
2028:S2CID
1981:S2CID
1629:S2CID
1574:JSTOR
1456:JSTOR
995:(CaCO
966:algae
928:Flora
833:Algae
781:Fauna
771:ocean
759:Gulls
755:Waves
745:waves
729:clams
242:algae
230:crabs
126:Zones
75:water
71:shore
6154:Well
5853:Tarn
5728:Beel
4613:Soil
4042:silt
4032:sand
4007:clay
3736:mega
3547:Spit
3517:Reef
3447:Gulf
3395:Dune
3390:Cove
3345:Cape
3315:Ayre
2571:Pond
2141:ISSN
1973:PMID
1934:ISSN
1895:ISSN
1846:ISSN
1811:help
1763:ISSN
1723:2023
1710:ISBN
1670:ISSN
1621:PMID
1613:ISSN
1534:PMID
1516:ISSN
1464:PMID
1448:ISSN
1381:2008
1332:PMID
1314:ISSN
1246:2023
1210:NPCA
1177:2023
861:and
847:and
785:The
727:and
248:and
212:and
104:and
3522:Ria
3452:Gut
3442:Geo
3437:Gat
3325:Bay
2633:Fen
2623:Bog
2133:doi
2094:doi
2065:doi
2061:197
2020:doi
2008:172
1965:doi
1961:131
1926:doi
1885:hdl
1877:doi
1838:doi
1786:doi
1755:doi
1702:doi
1660:doi
1605:doi
1601:235
1566:doi
1524:PMC
1506:doi
1494:118
1440:doi
1322:PMC
1304:doi
974:or
182:sun
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