Search engine optimization

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but is about ensuring that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently ranks is the same content a user will see. White hat advice is generally summed up as creating content for users, not for search engines, and then making that content easily accessible to the online "spider" algorithms, rather than attempting to trick the algorithm from its intended purpose. White hat SEO is in many ways similar to web development that promotes accessibility, although the two are not identical.

352:. Meta tags provide a guide to each page's content. Using metadata to index pages was found to be less than reliable, however, because the webmaster's choice of keywords in the meta tag could potentially be an inaccurate representation of the site's actual content. Flawed data in meta tags, such as those that were inaccurate or incomplete, created the potential for pages to be mischaracterized in irrelevant searches. Web content providers also manipulated some attributes within the 799:. However, search engines are not paid for organic search traffic, their algorithms change, and there are no guarantees of continued referrals. Due to this lack of guarantee and uncertainty, a business that relies heavily on search engine traffic can suffer major losses if the search engines stop sending visitors. Search engines can change their algorithms, impacting a website's search engine ranking, possibly resulting in a serious loss of traffic. According to Google's CEO, 573: 493:, do not disclose the algorithms they use to rank pages. Some SEO practitioners have studied different approaches to search engine optimization and have shared their personal opinions. Patents related to search engines can provide information to better understand search engines. In 2005, Google began personalizing search results for each user. Depending on their history of previous searches, Google crafted results for logged in users. 3197: 505:, a well-known software engineer at Google, announced that Google Bot would no longer treat any no follow links, in the same way, to prevent SEO service providers from using nofollow for PageRank sculpting. As a result of this change, the usage of nofollow led to evaporation of PageRank. In order to avoid the above, SEO engineers developed alternative techniques that replace nofollowed tags with obfuscated 529:, real-time-search, was introduced in late 2010 in an attempt to make search results more timely and relevant. Historically site administrators have spent months or even years optimizing a website to increase search rankings. With the growth in popularity of social media sites and blogs, the leading engines made changes to their algorithms to allow fresh content to rank quickly within the search results. 547:

query in order to better match the pages to the meaning of the query rather than a few words. With regards to the changes made to search engine optimization, for content publishers and writers, Hummingbird is intended to resolve issues by getting rid of irrelevant content and spam, allowing Google to produce high-quality content and rely on them to be 'trusted' authors.

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attempted to penalize websites that used manipulative techniques to improve their rankings on the search engine. Although Google Penguin has been presented as an algorithm aimed at fighting web spam, it really focuses on spammy links by gauging the quality of the sites the links are coming from. The

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is the practice of designing, running, and optimizing search engine ad campaigns. Its difference from SEO is most simply depicted as the difference between paid and unpaid priority ranking in search results. SEM focuses on prominence more so than relevance; website developers should regard SEM with

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An SEO technique is considered a white hat if it conforms to the search engines' guidelines and involves no deception. As the search engine guidelines are not written as a series of rules or commandments, this is an important distinction to note. White hat SEO is not just about following guidelines

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Mobile devices are used for the majority of Google searches. In November 2016, Google announced a major change to the way they are crawling websites and started to make their index mobile-first, which means the mobile version of a given website becomes the starting point for what Google includes in

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update, which penalizes websites containing content duplicated from other websites and sources. Historically websites have copied content from one another and benefited in search engine rankings by engaging in this practice. However, Google implemented a new system that punishes sites whose content

455:. PageRank estimates the likelihood that a given page will be reached by a web user who randomly surfs the web and follows links from one page to another. In effect, this means that some links are stronger than others, as a higher PageRank page is more likely to be reached by the random web surfer. 380:

showed the most relevant search results, rather than unrelated pages stuffed with numerous keywords by unscrupulous webmasters. This meant moving away from heavy reliance on term density to a more holistic process for scoring semantic signals. Since the success and popularity of a search engine are

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is the first file crawled. The robots.txt file is then parsed and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled. As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish to crawl. Pages typically prevented from being

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represented about 75% of all searches. In markets outside the United States, Google's share is often larger, and Google remains the dominant search engine worldwide as of 2007. As of 2006, Google had an 85–90% market share in Germany. While there were hundreds of SEO firms in the US at that time,

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frequently searched keyword phrases so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queries will tend to increase traffic. Updating content so as to keep search engines crawling back frequently can give additional weight to a site. Adding relevant keywords to a web page's metadata, including the

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crawled include login-specific pages such as shopping carts and user-specific content such as search results from internal searches. In March 2007, Google warned webmasters that they should prevent indexing of internal search results because those pages are considered search spam. In 2020, Google

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models for English language search queries in the US. Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) was another attempt by Google to improve their natural language processing, but this time in order to better understand the search queries of their users. In terms of search engine

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update featured an algorithm change designed to improve Google's natural language processing and semantic understanding of web pages. Hummingbird's language processing system falls under the newly recognized term of "conversational search", where the system pays more attention to each word in the

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Search engines may penalize sites they discover using black or grey hat methods, either by reducing their rankings or eliminating their listings from their databases altogether. Such penalties can be applied either automatically by the search engines' algorithms or by a manual site review. One

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SEO techniques can be classified into two broad categories: techniques that search engine companies recommend as part of good design ("white hat"), and those techniques of which search engines do not approve ("black hat"). Search engines attempt to minimize the effect of the latter, among them

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rendering engine to the latest version. In December 2019, Google began updating the User-Agent string of their crawler to reflect the latest Chrome version used by their rendering service. The delay was to allow webmasters time to update their code that responded to particular bot User-Agent

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As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine. In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player. The most notable example markets are China, Japan, South Korea, Russia, and the Czech Republic, where

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was announced. Designed to allow users to find news results, forum posts, and other content much sooner after publishing than before, Google Caffeine was a change to the way Google updated its index in order to make things show up quicker on Google than before. According to Carrie Grimes, the

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between pages of the same website to provide more links to important pages may improve its visibility. Page design makes users trust a site and want to stay once they find it. When people bounce off a site, it counts against the site and affects its credibility. Writing content that includes

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feed can be created and submitted for free to ensure that all pages are found, especially pages that are not discoverable by automatically following links in addition to their URL submission console. Yahoo! formerly operated a paid submission service that guaranteed to crawl for a

803:, in 2010, Google made over 500 algorithm changes – almost 1.5 per day. It is considered a wise business practice for website operators to liberate themselves from dependence on search engine traffic. In addition to accessibility in terms of web crawlers (addressed above), user 1207: 688:

can help make sure links to different versions of the URL all count towards the page's link popularity score. These are known as incoming links, which point to the URL and can count towards the page link's popularity score, impacting the credibility of a website.

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the utmost importance with consideration to visibility as most navigate to the primary listings of their search. A successful Internet marketing campaign may also depend upon building high-quality web pages to engage and persuade internet users, setting up

318:, extracts information about the page, such as the words it contains, where they are located, and any weight for specific words, as well as all links the page contains. All of this information is then placed into a scheduler for crawling at a later date. 787:

in October 2016, where they analyzed 2.5 million websites and found that 51.3% of the pages were loaded by a mobile device. Google has been one of the companies that are utilizing the popularity of mobile usage by encouraging websites to use their

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Some search engines have also reached out to the SEO industry and are frequent sponsors and guests at SEO conferences, webchats, and seminars. Major search engines provide information and guidelines to help with website optimization. Google has a

742:. This is in between the black hat and white hat approaches, where the methods employed avoid the site being penalized but do not act in producing the best content for users. Grey hat SEO is entirely focused on improving search engine rankings. 792:, the Mobile-Friendly Test, which allows companies to measure up their website to the search engine results and determine how user-friendly their websites are. The closer the keywords are together their ranking will improve based on key terms. 890:

In March 2006, KinderStart filed a lawsuit against Google over search engine rankings. KinderStart's website was removed from Google's index prior to the lawsuit, and the amount of traffic to the site dropped by 70%. On March 16, 2007, the

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determined by its ability to produce the most relevant results to any given search, poor quality or irrelevant search results could lead users to find other search sources. Search engines responded by developing more complex

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SEO. White hats tend to produce results that last a long time, whereas black hats anticipate that their sites may eventually be banned either temporarily or permanently once the search engines discover what they are doing.

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source of a page in an attempt to rank well in search engines. By 1997, search engine designers recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well in their search engine and that some webmasters were even

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attempts to improve rankings in ways that are disapproved of by the search engines or involve deception. One black hat technique uses hidden text, either as text colored similar to the background, in an invisible

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typed into search engines, and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience. SEO is performed because a website will receive more visitors from a search engine when websites rank higher on the

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their index. In May 2019, Google updated the rendering engine of their crawler to be the latest version of Chromium (74 at the time of the announcement). Google indicated that they would regularly update the

466:, headings, links and site structure) to enable Google to avoid the kind of manipulation seen in search engines that only considered on-page factors for their rankings. Although PageRank was more difficult to 376:, which were exclusively within a webmaster's control, early search engines suffered from abuse and ranking manipulation. To provide better results to their users, search engines had to adapt to ensure their 496:

In 2007, Google announced a campaign against paid links that transfer PageRank. On June 15, 2009, Google disclosed that they had taken measures to mitigate the effects of PageRank sculpting by use of the

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search engine, and these methods proved similarly applicable to gaming PageRank. Many sites focus on exchanging, buying, and selling links, often on a massive scale. Some of these schemes, or

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the standard (and open-sourced their code) and now treats it as a hint not a directive. To adequately ensure that pages are not indexed, a page-level robot's meta tag should be included.

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Optimization techniques are highly tuned to the dominant search engines in the target market. The search engines' market shares vary from market to market, as does competition. In 2003,

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with contractual relations. On May 27, 2003, the court granted Google's motion to dismiss the complaint because SearchKing "failed to state a claim upon which relief may be granted."

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By 2004, search engines had incorporated a wide range of undisclosed factors in their ranking algorithms to reduce the impact of link manipulation. The leading search engines, Google,

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was developing and promoting mobile search as a key feature within future products. In response, many brands began to take a different approach to their Internet marketing strategies.

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to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine-indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. The

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In December 2009, Google announced it would be using the web search history of all its users in order to populate search results. On June 8, 2010 a new web indexing system called

3060: 779:. In November 2015, Google released a full 160-page version of its Search Quality Rating Guidelines to the public, which revealed a shift in their focus towards "usefulness" and 3186: 2814: 734:, or positioned off-screen. Another method gives a different page depending on whether the page is being requested by a human visitor or a search engine, a technique known as 1620:"Co-founders of Google - Google's co-founders may not have the name recognition of say, Bill Gates, but give them time: Google hasn't been around nearly as long as Microsoft" 754:

Germany for the use of deceptive practices. Both companies, however, quickly apologized, fixed the offending pages, and were restored to Google's search engine results page.

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a site. Not every page is indexed by search engines. The distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.

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users, who liked its simple design. Off-page factors (such as PageRank and hyperlink analysis) were considered as well as on-page factors (such as keyword frequency,

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SEO is not an appropriate strategy for every website, and other Internet marketing strategies can be more effective, such as paid advertising through pay-per-click

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optimization, BERT intended to connect users more easily to relevant content and increase the quality of traffic coming to websites that are ranking in the

447:, developed "Backrub", a search engine that relied on a mathematical algorithm to rate the prominence of web pages. The number calculated by the algorithm, 3287: 1540: 1426: 1921: 2998: 2127: 337:, the phrase "search engine optimization" probably came into use in 1997. Sullivan credits Bruce Clay as one of the first people to popularize the term. 2358: 1977: 1947: 1284: 1570: 314:. The process involves a search engine spider/crawler crawls a page and storing it on the search engine's own server. A second program, known as an 1306: 883:, Western District of Oklahoma, against the search engine Google. SearchKing's claim was that Google's tactics to prevent spamdexing constituted a 642:

To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard

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provides a way for webmasters to submit a sitemap and web feeds, allows users to determine the "crawl rate", and track the web pages index status.

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program to help webmasters learn if Google is having any problems indexing their website and also provides data on Google traffic to the website.

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specific to robots (usually <meta name="robots" content="noindex"> ). When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the

596:, two major directories which closed in 2014 and 2017 respectively, both required manual submission and human editorial review. Google offers 525:

software engineer who announced Caffeine for Google, "Caffeine provides 50 percent fresher results for web searches than our last index..."

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and content providers began optimizing websites for search engines in the mid-1990s, as the first search engines were cataloging the early

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file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a

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Companies that employ overly aggressive techniques can get their client websites banned from the search results. In 2005, the

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there were only about five in Germany. As of June 2008, the market share of Google in the UK was close to 90% according to

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and thus permit PageRank sculpting. Additionally, several solutions have been suggested that include the usage of

322: 1917: 1536: 1416: 871:. Otherwise, the fundamental elements of search optimization are essentially the same, regardless of language. 2994: 3552: 3485: 3475: 3229: 2687:

Tapan, Panda (2013). "Search Engine Marketing: Does the Knowledge Discovery Process Help Online Retailers?".

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Division) dismissed KinderStart's complaint without leave to amend and partially granted Google's motion for

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magazine reported that the same company sued blogger and SEO Aaron Wall for writing about the ban. Google's

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in search results by stuffing pages with excessive or irrelevant keywords. Early search engines, such as

189: 3542: 3377: 2320: 2293: 1681: 1383: 1066:"Academic Search Engine Optimization (ASEO): Optimizing Scholarly Literature for Google Scholar and Co" 949: 668: 556: 377: 280: 1714: 710:. Industry commentators have classified these methods and the practitioners who employ them as either 3372: 3310: 3221: 3115: 2631: 637: 458:

Page and Brin founded Google in 1998. Google attracted a loyal following among the growing number of

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sanctions against KinderStart's attorney, requiring him to pay part of Google's legal expenses.

385:, taking into account additional factors that were more difficult for webmasters to manipulate. 310:

that page, extract links to other pages from it, and return information found on the page to be

3547: 954: 923: 918: 681: 624: 597: 398:, which allegedly used high-risk techniques and failed to disclose those risks to its clients. 315: 142: 66: 1108:. Journal of the American Society for Information Sciences and Technology. 63(7), 1426 – 1441. 2927: 2696: 2548: 884: 789: 551: 417: 311: 3255: 2488:"Bing – Partnering to help solve duplicate content issues – Webmaster Blog – Bing Community" 3217: 1596:. Proceedings of the seventh international conference on World Wide Web. pp. 107–117. 896: 856: 796: 677: 676:, will tend to improve the relevancy of a site's search listings, thus increasing traffic. 486: 147: 31: 3142:"Technology & Marketing Law Blog: Google Sued Over Rankings—KinderStart.com v. Google" 2518: 2240: 2157: 1787: 8: 3506: 3346: 2962: 2236: 2153: 2089: 1783: 1752: 1388: 1186: 780: 667:

A variety of methods can increase the prominence of a webpage within the search results.

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that dictate search engine behavior, what people search for, the actual search terms or

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Classifying Web Search Queries in Order to Identify High Revenue Generating Customers

1038: 1026: 944: 933: 804: 715: 612: 467: 330: 236: 81: 2900: 1650: 1481: 470:, webmasters had already developed link-building tools and schemes to influence the 1232: 1018: 860: 656: 589: 408:

later confirmed that Google did in fact ban Traffic Power and some of its clients.

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Successful search optimization for international markets may require professional

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strings. Google ran evaluations and felt confident the impact would be minor.

538: 526: 295: 240: 369:, adjusted their algorithms to prevent webmasters from manipulating rankings. 3531: 3454: 3449: 3428: 3387: 3351: 3265: 2570: 1619: 1125:. The Second International WWW Conference Chicago, USA, October 17–20, 1994. 1030: 772: 763: 606: 395: 119: 104: 2741: 975: 298:. Initially, all webmasters only needed to submit the address of a page, or 3516: 3501: 3418: 3413: 3315: 3026: 2601: 913: 837: 800: 731: 685: 533: 452: 252: 248: 247:. Unpaid traffic may originate from different kinds of searches, including 2270:. Brisbane, Australia: Stanford InfoLab Publication Server. Archived from 775:

programs to enable site owners to measure results, and improving a site's

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and visibility in search engine results, creating an opportunity for both

3392: 2716:"The Battle Between Search Engine Optimization and Conversion: Who Wins?" 2540: 2003: 1973: 1384:"Sites Get Dropped by Search Engines After Trying to 'Optimize' Rankings" 939: 864: 784: 616: 585: 444: 303: 283:(SERP). These visitors can then potentially be converted into customers. 270:

strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, the computer-programmed

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was created from a revision of this article dated 20 May 2008

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United States District Court for the Northern District of California

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The leading search engines, such as Google, Bing, and Yahoo!, use

2033: 825: 601: 471: 228: 2959:"Stats Show Google Dominates the International Search Landscape" 2871:"Schmidt's testimony reveals how Google tests algorithm changes" 2261: 2842: 849: 845: 820: 424: 349: 2060:"Google Penguin looks mostly at your link source, says Google" 1687:. Proceedings of the 31st VLDB Conference, Trondheim, Norway. 3054:"Search King, Inc. v. Google Technology, Inc., CIV-02-1457-M" 1594:"The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine" 841: 833: 751: 490: 344:

relied on webmaster-provided information such as the keyword

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In October 2019, Google announced they would start applying

3088: 2150:"Submitting To Directories: Yahoo & The Open Directory" 1152:"Intro to Search Engine Optimization | Search Engine Watch" 1120:"Finding What People Want: Experiences with the WebCrawler" 593: 353: 2515:"Search Engine Showdown: Black hats vs. White hats at SES" 828:. That market share is achieved in a number of countries. 223:) is the process of improving the quality and quantity of 1231:, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, pp. 189–211, November 17, 2020, 747: 1005:

Giomelakis, Dimitrios; Veglis, Andreas (April 2, 2016).

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crawlers may look at a number of different factors when

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Common white-hat methods of search engine optimization

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Pringle, G., Allison, L., and Dowe, D. (April 1998).

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example was the February 2006 Google removal of both

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of web pages accessible via multiple URLs, using the

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algorithm. Percentage shows the perceived importance.

239:. SEO targets unpaid traffic (known as "natural" or " 2806:"Mobile web usage overtakes desktop for first time" 2180:"What is a Sitemap file and why should I have one?" 1777: 859:of web pages, registration of a domain name with a 766:campaigns, depending on the site operator's goals. 609:; however, this practice was discontinued in 2009. 2804: 1680:Zoltan Gyongyi & Hector Garcia-Molina (2005). 879:On October 17, 2002, SearchKing filed suit in the 3236:Google Search Quality Evaluators Guidelines (PDF) 2442:"Google Downgrades Nofollow Directive. Now What?" 2439: 1842:. www.searchenginejournal.com. October 25, 2007. 1414: 333:SEO practitioners. According to industry analyst 3529: 2545:"Black Hat/White Hat Search Engine Optimization" 2120:"Understanding searches better than ever before" 1004: 451:, is a function of the quantity and strength of 2268:Seventh International World-Wide Web Conference 1810:"Google Personalized Search Leaves Google Labs" 1319: 3295: 3081: 3019: 2835: 2713: 1648: 1529: 1381: 1180: 321:Website owners recognized the value of a high 3281: 2895: 2262:Cho, J.; Garcia-Molina, H.; Page, L. (1998). 1585: 1505: 1503: 1408: 1064:Beel, Jöran; Gipp, Bela; Wilde, Erik (2010). 1063: 302:, to the various engines, which would send a 197: 1476: 1474: 1353:"Is Keyword Density Still Important for SEO" 1350: 1305:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1283:. Proc. 7th Int. World Wide Web Conference. 2992: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2956: 2595: 2539: 1840:"8 Things We Learned About Google PageRank" 1313: 1117: 1096:Ortiz-Cordova, A. and Jansen, B. J. (2012) 807:has become increasingly important for SEO. 430: 3288: 3274: 2868: 2656: 2626: 2620: 2512: 1500: 1447: 204: 190: 30:"SEO" redirects here. For other uses, see 3022:"Google UK closes in on 90% market share" 2264:"Efficient crawling through URL ordering" 1778:Christine Churchill (November 23, 2005). 1715:"Google Keeps Tweaking Its Search Engine" 1471: 243:" results) rather than direct traffic or 3213:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 3196: 3118:. blog.ericgoldman.org. March 20, 2007. 2981: 2230: 1743: 810: 757: 696: 662: 571: 27:Practice of increasing online visibility 2802: 2768:""Search Quality Evaluator Guidelines" 2547:. searchengineguide.com. Archived from 2476:. Fountainhead Press. pp. 171–187. 2440:Jill Kocher Brown (February 24, 2020). 1712: 1706: 1592:Brin, Sergey & Page, Larry (1998). 1415:Adam L. Penenberg (September 8, 2005). 1281:"What is a tall poppy among web pages?" 532:In February 2011, Google announced the 14: 3563:Promotion and marketing communications 3530: 3034:from the original on December 17, 2013 2925: 2901:"Search Engines as Leeches on the Web" 2421:from the original on December 26, 2008 2385:Official Google Webmaster Central Blog 2381:"Updating the user agent of Googlebot" 2355:Official Google Webmaster Central Blog 2331:from the original on February 22, 2019 2325:Official Google Webmaster Central Blog 2300:from the original on February 22, 2019 2100:from the original on December 23, 2018 2040:from the original on December 20, 2012 1894:. searchengineland.com. June 3, 2009. 1725:from the original on November 10, 2017 1565:Google for Entrepreneurs Startup Grind 1517:from the original on September 9, 2014 1344: 631: 372:By heavily relying on factors such as 3269: 3096:from the original on December 1, 2010 3084:"Judge dismisses suit against Google" 3001:from the original on November 6, 2010 2995:"Search Engine Optimizing for Europe" 2926:Graham, Jefferson (August 26, 2003). 2877:from the original on January 17, 2012 2817:from the original on January 10, 2022 2748:from the original on October 30, 2022 2686: 2632:"Ramping up on international webspam" 2471: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2448:from the original on January 25, 2021 2361:from the original on November 6, 2020 2130:from the original on January 27, 2021 1924:from the original on December 8, 2009 1816:. Search Engine Watch. Archived from 1780:"Understanding Search Engine Patents" 1661:from the original on January 25, 2009 1642: 1600:from the original on October 10, 2006 1382:David Kesmodel (September 22, 2005). 1332:from the original on October 30, 2007 1320:Laurie J. Flynn (November 11, 1996). 1045:from the original on October 30, 2022 936:, the opposite of search manipulation 738:. Another category sometimes used is 693:White hat versus black hat techniques 259:, news search, and industry-specific 2907:from the original on August 25, 2012 2318: 2212:from the original on August 14, 2022 1898:from the original on August 14, 2009 1872:from the original on January 6, 2010 1846:from the original on August 19, 2009 1649:Thompson, Bill (December 19, 2003). 1573:from the original on January 6, 2016 1488:from the original on January 9, 2009 1482:"Google's Guidelines on Site Design" 1363:from the original on August 16, 2016 1261:from the original on August 14, 2022 1162:from the original on October 9, 2020 2784:from the original on March 29, 2019 2742:"SEO Tips and Marketing Strategies" 2689:IUP Journal of Knowledge Management 2577:from the original on April 16, 2006 2517:. SearchEngineWatch. Archived from 2490:. www.bing.com. February 12, 2009. 2255: 2070:from the original on April 21, 2017 2010:from the original on April 23, 2022 1749:"Rundown On Search Ranking Factors" 1396:from the original on August 4, 2020 1287:from the original on April 27, 2007 1057: 874: 24: 3256:The Dirty Little Secrets of Search 3183: 3148:from the original on June 22, 2008 2638:from the original on June 29, 2012 2460: 2391:from the original on March 2, 2020 2319:Phan, Doantam (November 4, 2016). 2231:Sullivan, Danny (March 12, 2007). 1980:from the original on April 7, 2019 1950:from the original on June 18, 2010 1918:"Personalized Search for everyone" 1694:from the original on June 12, 2007 1543:from the original on June 22, 2023 1459:from the original on June 26, 2012 1429:from the original on March 4, 2016 976:"SEO – search engine optimization" 567: 435:In 1998, two graduate students at 25: 3574: 3164: 3122:from the original on May 11, 2008 3063:from the original on May 27, 2008 2969:from the original on May 23, 2011 2957:Greg Jarboe (February 22, 2007). 2938:from the original on May 17, 2007 2869:Matt McGee (September 21, 2011). 2836:Andy Greenberg (April 30, 2007). 2714:Melissa Burdon (March 13, 2007). 2668:from the original on May 22, 2007 2494:from the original on June 7, 2014 2186:from the original on July 1, 2007 1759:from the original on May 28, 2007 1630:from the original on May 31, 2014 1417:"Legal Showdown in Search Fracas" 1351:Jason Demers (January 20, 2016). 3195: 3020:Jack Schofield (June 10, 2008). 2803:Titcomb, James (November 2016). 2608:from the original on May 4, 2007 2596:Andy Hagans (November 8, 2005). 2156:. March 12, 2007. Archived from 1944:"Our new search index: Caffeine" 1181:Danny Sullivan (June 14, 2004). 1132:from the original on May 8, 2007 986:from the original on May 9, 2019 62:Local search engine optimisation 3134: 3108: 3082:Stefanie Olsen (May 30, 2003). 3075: 3046: 3013: 2950: 2919: 2889: 2862: 2829: 2796: 2760: 2734: 2707: 2680: 2650: 2589: 2563: 2533: 2506: 2480: 2433: 2403: 2373: 2343: 2312: 2286: 2224: 2198: 2172: 2142: 2112: 2082: 2052: 2022: 2000:"Google Search Quality Updates" 1992: 1970:"Relevance Meets Real-Time Web" 1962: 1936: 1910: 1884: 1858: 1832: 1802: 1771: 1737: 1673: 1612: 1555: 1441: 1375: 348:or index files in engines like 2928:"The search engine that could" 1713:Hansell, Saul (June 3, 2007). 1272: 1217: 1174: 1144: 1111: 1090: 998: 968: 674:title tag and meta description 423:In 2015, it was reported that 13: 1: 3059:. docstoc.com. May 27, 2003. 2993:Mike Grehan (April 3, 2006). 2351:"The new evergreen Googlebot" 1322:"Desperately Seeking Surfers" 1023:10.1080/21670811.2015.1046992 961: 795:SEO may generate an adequate 768:Search engine marketing (SEM) 576:A simple illustration of the 2206:"Search Console - Crawl URL" 881:United States District Court 7: 1511:"Bing Webmaster Guidelines" 906: 359:manipulating their rankings 10: 3579: 3538:Search engine optimization 3378:Online identity management 3297:Search engine optimization 2838:"Condemned To Google Hell" 2718:. Grok.com. Archived from 1237:10.1142/9789811225017_0009 950:Search engine results page 863:in the target market, and 635: 562: 557:Search Engine Results Page 286: 281:search engine results page 217:Search engine optimization 57:Search engine optimization 29: 18:Search-engine optimization 3494: 3468: 3437: 3401: 3373:Social media optimization 3360: 3329: 3311:Robots exclusion standard 3303: 1946:. Google: Official Blog. 1651:"Is Google good for you?" 638:Robots exclusion standard 340:Early versions of search 3144:. blog.ericgoldman.org. 2094:www.searchengineland.com 537:is not unique. The 2012 431:Relationship with Google 3368:Search engine marketing 2444:. Practical Ecommerce. 2321:"Mobile-first Indexing" 1225:"The Challenge is Open" 929:Search engine marketing 394:reported on a company, 96:Search engine marketing 3191: 3171:Listen to this article 2664:. mattcutts.com/blog. 2634:. mattcutts.com/blog. 2096:. September 26, 2013. 1747:(September 29, 2005). 1455:. mattcutts.com/blog. 1453:"Confirming a penalty" 1210:June 17, 2013, at the 1104:March 4, 2016, at the 955:Search engine scraping 924:List of search engines 919:Competitor backlinking 867:that provides a local 702: 682:canonical link element 581: 143:Contextual advertising 67:Social media marketing 3190: 2662:"Recent reinclusions" 2543:(November 16, 2004). 1814:searchenginewatch.com 1682:"Link Spam Alliances" 1156:searchenginewatch.com 982:. December 19, 2001. 885:tortious interference 811:International markets 790:Google Search Console 758:As marketing strategy 700: 663:Increasing prominence 598:Google Search Console 575: 3553:Internet terminology 3247:Webmaster Guidelines 3230:Webmaster Guidelines 3222:More spoken articles 2660:(February 7, 2006). 2630:(February 4, 2006). 2551:on November 17, 2004 2521:on February 22, 2007 2472:Morey, Sean (2008). 2294:"Mobile-first Index" 2126:. October 25, 2019. 2066:. October 10, 2016. 1866:"PageRank sculpting" 1626:. October 15, 2008. 1451:(February 2, 2006). 1205:Google groups thread 1078:on November 18, 2017 852:are market leaders. 797:return on investment 678:URL canonicalization 501:attribute on links. 418:Bing Webmaster Tools 148:Behavioral targeting 32:Seo (disambiguation) 3507:Human search engine 3347:Display advertising 3304:Exclusion standards 3262:(February 12, 2011) 3241:Webmaster resources 2963:Search Engine Watch 2899:(January 9, 2006). 2237:Search Engine Watch 2154:Search Engine Watch 1820:on January 25, 2009 1790:on February 7, 2007 1784:Search Engine Watch 1753:Search Engine Watch 1567:September 20, 2015" 1389:Wall Street Journal 1187:Search Engine Watch 781:mobile local search 632:Preventing crawling 600:, for which an XML 437:Stanford University 391:Wall Street Journal 157:Affiliate marketing 129:Display advertising 110:Cost per impression 42:Part of a series on 3558:Online advertising 3402:Search engine spam 3337:Online advertising 3260:The New York Times 3192: 2772:November 12, 2015" 2474:The Digital Writer 2415:Search Engine Land 2064:Search Engine Land 1158:. March 12, 2007. 1011:Digital Journalism 703: 582: 544:Google Hummingbird 517:, and JavaScript. 383:ranking algorithms 268:Internet marketing 180:Mobile advertising 87:Native advertising 77:Referral marketing 48:Internet marketing 3543:Digital marketing 3525: 3524: 3188: 2722:on March 15, 2008 2036:. June 20, 2012. 1246:978-981-12-2500-0 1229:Brain vs Computer 1193:on April 23, 2010 1118:Brian Pinkerton. 945:Website promotion 934:Search neutrality 805:web accessibility 214: 213: 82:Content marketing 16:(Redirected from 3570: 3361:Search marketing 3330:Marketing topics 3290: 3283: 3276: 3267: 3266: 3212: 3210: 3199: 3198: 3189: 3179: 3177: 3172: 3158: 3157: 3155: 3153: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3112: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3058: 3050: 3044: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3017: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3006: 2990: 2979: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2846:. Archived from 2833: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2808: 2800: 2794: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2783: 2776: 2770:How Search Works 2764: 2758: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2684: 2678: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2624: 2618: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2593: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2537: 2531: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2513:Andrew Goodman. 2510: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2484: 2478: 2477: 2469: 2458: 2457: 2455: 2453: 2437: 2431: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2407: 2401: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2274:on July 14, 2019 2259: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2239:. 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Directory 206: 199: 192: 115:Search analytics 39: 38: 21: 3578: 3577: 3573: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3568: 3567: 3528: 3527: 3526: 3521: 3490: 3464: 3460:Organic linking 3433: 3397: 3356: 3342:Email marketing 3325: 3299: 3294: 3226: 3225: 3214: 3208: 3206: 3203:This audio file 3200: 3193: 3184: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3167: 3162: 3161: 3151: 3149: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3125: 3123: 3114: 3113: 3109: 3099: 3097: 3080: 3076: 3066: 3064: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3037: 3035: 3018: 3014: 3004: 3002: 2991: 2982: 2972: 2970: 2955: 2951: 2941: 2939: 2924: 2920: 2910: 2908: 2894: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2867: 2863: 2853: 2851: 2834: 2830: 2820: 2818: 2801: 2797: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2774: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2751: 2749: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2725: 2723: 2712: 2708: 2685: 2681: 2671: 2669: 2655: 2651: 2641: 2639: 2625: 2621: 2611: 2609: 2594: 2590: 2580: 2578: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2554: 2552: 2538: 2534: 2524: 2522: 2511: 2507: 2497: 2495: 2486: 2485: 2481: 2470: 2461: 2451: 2449: 2438: 2434: 2424: 2422: 2417:. May 8, 2007. 2409: 2408: 2404: 2394: 2392: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2364: 2362: 2349: 2348: 2344: 2334: 2332: 2317: 2313: 2303: 2301: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2277: 2275: 2260: 2256: 2246: 2244: 2243:on May 10, 2007 2229: 2225: 2215: 2213: 2204: 2203: 2199: 2189: 2187: 2178: 2177: 2173: 2163: 2161: 2160:on May 19, 2007 2148: 2147: 2143: 2133: 2131: 2118: 2117: 2113: 2103: 2101: 2088: 2087: 2083: 2073: 2071: 2058: 2057: 2053: 2043: 2041: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2013: 2011: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1983: 1981: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1953: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1925: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1901: 1899: 1890: 1889: 1885: 1875: 1873: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1849: 1847: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1823: 1821: 1808: 1807: 1803: 1793: 1791: 1776: 1772: 1762: 1760: 1745:Sullivan, Danny 1742: 1738: 1728: 1726: 1711: 1707: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1684: 1678: 1674: 1664: 1662: 1647: 1643: 1633: 1631: 1618: 1617: 1613: 1603: 1601: 1590: 1586: 1576: 1574: 1561: 1560: 1556: 1546: 1544: 1535: 1534: 1530: 1520: 1518: 1509: 1508: 1501: 1491: 1489: 1480: 1479: 1472: 1462: 1460: 1446: 1442: 1432: 1430: 1413: 1409: 1399: 1397: 1380: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1349: 1345: 1335: 1333: 1318: 1314: 1298: 1297: 1290: 1288: 1277: 1273: 1264: 1262: 1247: 1223: 1222: 1218: 1212:Wayback Machine 1196: 1194: 1179: 1175: 1165: 1163: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1135: 1133: 1129: 1122: 1116: 1112: 1106:Wayback Machine 1095: 1091: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1068: 1062: 1058: 1048: 1046: 1003: 999: 989: 987: 974: 973: 969: 964: 959: 909: 877: 813: 777:conversion rate 760: 695: 665: 640: 634: 570: 568:Getting indexed 565: 522:Google Caffeine 433: 374:keyword density 289: 261:vertical search 257:academic search 225:website traffic 210: 171:Revenue sharing 166:Cost per action 72:Email marketing 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3576: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3498: 3496: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3488: 3486:Barry Schwartz 3483: 3478: 3476:Danny Sullivan 3472: 3470: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3441: 3439: 3435: 3434: 3432: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3405: 3403: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3383:Paid inclusion 3380: 3375: 3370: 3364: 3362: 3358: 3357: 3355: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3326: 3324: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3307: 3305: 3301: 3300: 3293: 3292: 3285: 3278: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3253: 3251:Microsoft Bing 3244: 3238: 3233: 3215: 3201: 3194: 3182: 3169: 3168: 3166: 3165:External links 3163: 3160: 3159: 3133: 3107: 3074: 3045: 3012: 2980: 2949: 2918: 2888: 2861: 2850:on May 2, 2007 2828: 2795: 2759: 2733: 2706: 2679: 2649: 2619: 2588: 2562: 2532: 2505: 2479: 2459: 2432: 2402: 2372: 2342: 2311: 2285: 2254: 2223: 2197: 2171: 2141: 2111: 2081: 2051: 2021: 1991: 1961: 1935: 1909: 1883: 1868:. Matt Cutts. 1857: 1831: 1801: 1770: 1736: 1719:New York Times 1705: 1672: 1641: 1611: 1584: 1554: 1528: 1499: 1470: 1440: 1422:Wired Magazine 1407: 1374: 1343: 1326:New York Times 1312: 1271: 1245: 1216: 1173: 1143: 1110: 1089: 1056: 1017:(3): 379–400. 997: 966: 965: 963: 960: 958: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 931: 926: 921: 916: 910: 908: 905: 876: 873: 817:Danny Sullivan 812: 809: 759: 756: 694: 691: 664: 661: 652:root directory 636:Main article: 633: 630: 607:cost per click 569: 566: 564: 561: 539:Google Penguin 527:Google Instant 432: 429: 335:Danny Sullivan 288: 285: 237:search engines 212: 211: 209: 208: 201: 194: 186: 183: 182: 176: 175: 174: 173: 168: 160: 159: 153: 152: 151: 150: 145: 140: 132: 131: 125: 124: 123: 122: 117: 112: 107: 99: 98: 92: 91: 90: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 51: 50: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3575: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3548:Web analytics 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3533: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3499: 3497: 3493: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3455:Link exchange 3453: 3451: 3450:Link building 3448: 3446: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3436: 3430: 3429:Link building 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3400: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3388:Pay per click 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3363: 3359: 3353: 3352:Web analytics 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3328: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3291: 3286: 3284: 3279: 3277: 3272: 3271: 3268: 3261: 3257: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3204: 3147: 3143: 3137: 3121: 3117: 3111: 3095: 3091: 3090: 3085: 3078: 3062: 3055: 3049: 3033: 3029: 3028: 3023: 3016: 3000: 2996: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2953: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2922: 2906: 2903:. useit.com. 2902: 2898: 2897:Jakob Nielsen 2892: 2876: 2872: 2865: 2849: 2845: 2844: 2839: 2832: 2816: 2812: 2811:The Telegraph 2807: 2799: 2780: 2773: 2771: 2763: 2747: 2743: 2737: 2721: 2717: 2710: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2683: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2653: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2623: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2592: 2576: 2572: 2566: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2536: 2520: 2516: 2509: 2493: 2489: 2483: 2475: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2447: 2443: 2436: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2406: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2376: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2346: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2315: 2299: 2295: 2289: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2258: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2227: 2211: 2207: 2201: 2185: 2181: 2175: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2145: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2115: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2085: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2055: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2025: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1995: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1965: 1949: 1945: 1939: 1923: 1919: 1913: 1897: 1893: 1887: 1871: 1867: 1861: 1845: 1841: 1835: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1805: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1774: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1740: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1709: 1690: 1683: 1676: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1645: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1615: 1599: 1595: 1588: 1572: 1568: 1566: 1558: 1542: 1538: 1532: 1521:September 11, 1516: 1512: 1506: 1504: 1487: 1483: 1477: 1475: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1444: 1428: 1424: 1423: 1418: 1411: 1395: 1391: 1390: 1385: 1378: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1347: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1316: 1308: 1302: 1286: 1282: 1275: 1265:September 20, 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1220: 1213: 1209: 1206: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1177: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1147: 1128: 1121: 1114: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1093: 1074: 1067: 1060: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1001: 985: 981: 977: 971: 967: 956: 953: 951: 948: 946: 943: 941: 938: 935: 932: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 912: 911: 904: 902: 898: 894: 888: 886: 882: 872: 870: 866: 862: 858: 853: 851: 847: 843: 839: 835: 832:respectively 829: 827: 822: 818: 808: 806: 802: 798: 793: 791: 786: 782: 778: 774: 769: 765: 755: 753: 749: 743: 741: 737: 733: 728: 727:Black hat SEO 724: 720: 717: 713: 709: 699: 690: 687: 686:301 redirects 683: 679: 675: 670: 669:Cross linking 660: 658: 653: 649: 645: 639: 629: 626: 620: 618: 614: 613:Search engine 610: 608: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 579: 574: 560: 558: 553: 548: 545: 540: 535: 530: 528: 523: 518: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 494: 492: 488: 483: 481: 480:link spamming 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 456: 454: 453:inbound links 450: 446: 442: 438: 428: 426: 421: 419: 415: 409: 407: 403: 402: 397: 396:Traffic Power 393: 392: 386: 384: 379: 378:results pages 375: 370: 368: 364: 360: 355: 351: 347: 343: 338: 336: 332: 328: 324: 319: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 284: 282: 277: 273: 269: 264: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 207: 202: 200: 195: 193: 188: 187: 185: 184: 181: 178: 177: 172: 169: 167: 164: 163: 162: 161: 158: 155: 154: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 136: 135: 134: 133: 130: 127: 126: 121: 120:Web analytics 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 105:Pay-per-click 103: 102: 101: 100: 97: 94: 93: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 63: 60: 58: 55: 54: 53: 52: 49: 46: 45: 41: 40: 37: 33: 19: 3517:Content farm 3502:Geotargeting 3419:Scraper site 3414:Web scraping 3316:Meta element 3296: 3150:. 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