226:. If the flow aloft is aligned with the direction of the sea breeze, places experiencing the sea breeze frontal passage will have benign, or fair, weather for the remainder of the day. At the front warm air continues to flow upward and cold air continually moves in to replace it and so the front moves progressively inland. Its speed depends on whether it is assisted or hampered by the prevailing wind, and the strength of the thermal contrast between land and sea. At night, the sea breeze usually changes to a land breeze, due to a reversal of the same mechanisms.
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breeze can be a good predictor for the activity on land the following day, as long as there are no expected changes to the weather pattern over the following 12–24 hours. This is mainly because the strength of the land breeze is weaker than the sea breeze. The land breeze will die once the land warms up again the next morning.
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ground. The strength of the sea breeze is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the land and the sea. If a strong offshore wind is present (that is, a wind greater than 8 knots (15 km/h)) and opposing the direction of a possible sea breeze, the sea breeze is not likely to develop.
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do not rely on these winds, a nearshore wind farm is a type of offshore wind farm located on shallow coastal waters to take advantage of both sea and land breezes. For practical reasons, other offshore wind farms are situated further out to sea and rely on prevailing winds rather than sea breezes.
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Land breeze, which consists of cool air coming from the land, pushes the warmer air upwards over the sea. If there is sufficient moisture and instability available, the land breeze can cause showers, or even thunderstorms, over the water. Overnight thunderstorm development offshore due to the land
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On calm summer afternoons with little prevailing wind, sea breezes from both coasts may collide in the middle, creating especially severe storms down the center of the state. These thunderstorms can drift towards either the west or east coast depending on the relative strengths of the sea breezes,
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states that the hydrostatic pressure depends on the temperature. Thus, the hydrostatic pressure over the land decreases less at higher altitude. As the air above the coast has a relatively higher pressure, it starts moving towards the sea at high altitude. This creates an inverse airflow near the
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winds move across the New South Wales coast, and frictional contrasts over the mainland and the ocean that disconnect the flow. Temperature changes can be dramatic, with falls of 10 to 15 °C (18 to 27 °F) often occurring in a few minutes.
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At night, the land cools off faster than the ocean due to differences in their heat capacity, which forces the dying of the daytime sea breeze as the temperature of the land approaches that of the ocean. If the land becomes cooler than the adjacent
276:, respectively. During the wet season, which typically lasts from June through September/October, any direction that the winds are blowing would always be off the water, thus making Florida the place most often struck by
173:, the air pressure over the water will be lower than that of the land, setting up a land breeze blowing from the land to the sea, as long as the environmental surface wind pattern is not strong enough to oppose it.
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and a dramatic temperature drop, thus ultimately replacing and relieving the prior hot conditions. Marking the boundary between hot and cool air masses, the southerly buster is sometimes represented by a
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The land breeze at nighttime is usually shallower than the sea breeze in daytime. Unlike the daytime sea breeze, which is driven by convection, the nighttime land breeze is driven by convergence.
123:. On the other hand, dry land also cools faster than water without solar radiation, so the wind instead flows from the land towards the sea when the sea breeze dissipates after
151:, so the surface of the sea warms up more slowly than the surface of the land. As the temperature of the surface of the land rises, the land heats the air above it by
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and sometimes survive to move out over the water at night, creating spectacular cloud-to-cloud lightning shows for hours after sunset. Due to its large size
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may also contribute to this activity by creating its own lake breeze which collides with the east and west coast sea breezes.
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causes an abrupt, squally southerly wind change, with gusts in excess of 40 knots (74 km/h), in coastal cities such as
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Reid, H.J. 2000, "Regeneration of the
Southerly Buster of Southeast Australia". Weather and Forecasting Vol.15, pp432-446
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may refer to any wind over open water. Sea breezes and land breezes are both important factors in coastal regions'
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Schematic cross section through a sea-breeze front. If the air inland is moist, cumulus often marks the front.
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THE DYNAMICS OF THE SOUTHERLY BUSTER P.G. Baines CSIRO Division of
Atmospheric physics, Aspendale, June 1980
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In Cuba similar sea breeze collisions with the northern and southern coasts sometimes lead to storms.
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Henry, James (1998). The
Climate and Weather of Florida. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press (FL).
252:. The northern sea breeze meets the southern sea breeze, creating a sharp convergence line in the
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especially during times when the upper atmosphere is cooler such as during the spring or fall.
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in the United States, and one of the most on Earth. These storms can also produce significant
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are often situated near a coast to take advantage of the normal daily fluctuations of
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of water and dry land. As such, Sea breezes and land breezes are more localised than
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Winsberg, Morton (2003). Florida
Weather. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
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703:. The Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology. Accessed 21 February 2012.
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Thunderstorms caused by powerful sea breeze fronts frequently occur in
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584:"Emergency Management - Lightning - How Bad Is Lightning In Florida?"
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Practical
Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmospheric Science
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Sea breeze moving across the water (towards the viewer) in
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Cooperative
Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
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Shallow Cold Fronts - Cloud
Structure In Satellite Images
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Sea breeze and land breeze develop due to differences in
111:. Since land heats up much faster than water under
430:, the local name for the sea breeze in and around
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409:resulting from sea or land breezes. While many
520:. Univ. of British Columbia. pp. 654–656.
368:It is caused by the interaction of a shallow
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654:A Dictionary of Australian Colloquialisms
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202:created by a sea breeze, also known as a
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48:Lake - Sea breeze and atmospheric depth
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701:Southerly Busters Explained
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103:created by the differing
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557:National Weather Service
476:Ackerman, Steve (1995).
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64:that blows from a large
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84:toward or onto a large
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157:hypsometric equation
19:For other uses, see
415:offshore wind farms
307:Southeast Australia
774:Marine meteorology
674:"SOUTHERLY BUSTER"
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411:onshore wind farms
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403:Wind farms
370:cold front
321:A sailing
290:atmosphere
234:See also:
208:cold front
182:Sea breeze
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139:Sea breeze
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686:March 27,
354:Melbourne
278:lightning
266:peninsula
594:Archived
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490:Archived
445:Victoria
422:See also
338:Victoria
220:unstable
82:landmass
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286:updraft
262:Florida
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447:and
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