626:
641:
551:
569:
44:
419:
1049:
1029:
899:-class frigate of 2,500 t (2,500 long tons) standard displacement could carry only a single missile system, and required some significant structural "surgery" of the upperworks to counteract the weight of the new missile system. Sea Wolf in its original guise cannot therefore be easily added to existing vessels. For this reason, the Lightweight Sea Wolf variant was designed to use a four-missile launcher, similar in form to that of the obsolete
1085:
1000:
876:
498:
1067:
1016:
591:). Originally the Type 910, with an I-band radar, was used but this suffered from poor performance locking onto low-altitude targets hidden in the background sea clutter in the Falklands War. Low-level targets had to be engaged using the 910's secondary TV mode to manually track the target. The lighter Type 911 supplanted the Type 910, adding a second radar (a K-band set based on the
808:
710:. The pairing was unofficially termed "Type 64", the sum of both classes numbers. The two pairs were deployed some distance from the main fleet, covering likely attack routes, in an attempt to draw attacking aircraft into a "missile trap", the intention being that, if the Type 42 was unable to engage targets at longer ranges with its
583:
class, this was the radar Type 967–968 combination; the D-band Type 967 providing long-range surveillance and the E-band Type 968 providing short-range target indication. On the Type 23 frigates, these functions have been taken over by the Type 996 3D surveillance radar. Target data is processed by
607:
When lock has been achieved with the missile tracker a round is fired and tracked by a pair of radio beacons in the missile's tail. The ship-board system constantly measures the angle differences between the target and the missile and issues guidance commands to the missile through an
Automatic
854:
Block 2 Sea Wolf is a replenishment upgrade to the existing stocks of Sea Wolf missiles. Block 2 missiles have replaced all Sea Wolf missiles, both on Type 22 and Type 23 frigates, as part of normal ammunition replenishment operations. In a parallel programme ("Sea Wolf Mid-Life Update") the
461:
and
Bristol Aerojet. Although only slightly longer and heavier than Seacat, Sea Wolf offered dramatically higher performance, with a top speed on the order of Mach 3, an effective range roughly double that of Seacat, and a fully automated guidance system that made engagements much simpler.
438:. As a weapon originally designed to operate against slow-moving ground vehicles, the missile had subsonic performance and was of limited capability against even early jet aircraft. It was used largely due to the ease which it could be adapted to the role simply by replacing the original
795:
Sea Wolf suffered from problems with hardware failure causing launches to fail, broken locks from the extreme sea conditions and the
Argentines' low-altitude hit-and-run tactics with multiple, crossing targets which it was not designed to intercept.
608:
Command to Line of Sight (ACLOS) device transmitting on a microwave link controlling the rear fins of the missile. It is possible for a tracker to control a salvo of two missiles. The radar and CCTV guidance system were developed by
Marconi Radar at
493:
but for obscure reasons work did not continue in this direction: the GWS-26 "VL Seawolf (VLS)" being a much later (1980s) development. During trials, the missile performed impressively, once intercepting a 114 mm (4.5 in) shell.
846:. Type 23 frigates have a 32-cell VLS, each cell holding one VL Sea Wolf for a total of 32 missiles. The cells, or canisters, are housed vertically in the ship's magazine such that the top of the canisters protrude from the magazine.
537:
of Mach 2, and can intercept targets at ranges between 1,000 and 6,000 m (1,100 and 6,600 yd) and altitudes from 10 m (33 ft) to 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The warhead weighs 14 kg (30.9 lb) and is a
940:
to investigate a replacement for Sea Wolf which is scheduled to leave service about 2018. MBDA was later contracted to replace the
Vertical-Launch Sea Wolf weapons system on the Royal Navy's Type 23 frigates as part of the
603:
Frigate onwards. Unlike Type 910, Type 911 does not have any TV function; the TV camera is retained only to allow the
Missile Director to visually confirm targets and to provide a record of engagements.
584:
the ship's computers and when the system is live, targets are automatically assigned and engaged automatically (although this can be over-ridden by the
Missile Director (MD) in the Operations Room).
832:. The booster motor, which also increases the range of VL Sea Wolf from 6.5 km (4.0 mi) to 10 km (6.2 mi), then separates from the missile, which flies on to engage the target.
835:
Although vertical launch had been explored much earlier in Sea Wolf's development, it was not until the 1980s that a production design was undertaken. VLS went into service, using the
739:
shot down two of these and caused a third to crash trying to avoid the missile. The second wave of aircraft attacked during a failure of the missile system and the Type 42
542:
HE-fragmenting type. In the manually loaded form, the missiles are stored on board in maintenance-free canisters, sealed until use and handled like a round of ammunition.
579:
The standard mode is fully automated and uses radar tracking. Target detection is carried out using the ship's surveillance radars. In the Type 22- and Sea Wolf-equipped
1279:
1164:
1348:
895:) of tracking and below-decks fire-control equipments, reduced to 5 t (4.9 long tons; 5.5 short tons) with the upgraded Type 911 tracker. The "broad-beam"
1808:
655:
The Type 42/22 combination achieved some degree of success during the
Falklands Conflict, but the Sea Wolf armed ships were unable to prevent the loss of
1813:
765:
attempted to target the first pair with Sea Wolf but the tracking system locked down and could not be reset before the aircraft released their bombs.
587:
When a target is to be engaged, the ship's computer slews one of the two Sea Wolf trackers onto the target (there was a single tracker on a Sea Wolf
513:
class frigates (1 system) in six-round, manually-loaded trainable launchers. It entered service with the Royal Navy in 1979 and was used during the
453:
The limited performance was understood to be a problem from the start and a requirement for a higher performance replacement was published in 1964.
836:
439:
855:
associated Type 911 tracker is being upgraded by the addition of an infra-red camera, enhanced tracking software and new operator's consoles.
1793:
867:" development with an active radar seeker instead of command guidance for dealing with saturation attacks. GWS-27 was cancelled in 1987.
883:
Sea Wolf was not designed as a particularly lightweight system, the original GWS-25 variant with Type 910 tracking required 13.5
1798:
1803:
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system, which was not as capable of intercepting sea-skimming missiles. However, it was cancelled before it entered service.
1322:
1276:
1168:
933:
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During the
Falklands War, Sea Wolf was the Royal Navy's only modern point-defence weapon. It equipped the Type 22 frigates
811:
A trainable launcher type GWS-25 Sea Wolf missile. The GWS-26 vertical launch missile has a large booster motor in tandem.
521:, fielding 32 vertical launch missiles (VL Sea Wolf) in its missile silo. It is expected to remain in service until 2020.
573:
335:
1349:"Royal Navy's Type 45 destroyers – reaching their full potential with addition of Sea Ceptor missiles | Navy Lookout"
1202:
904:
1788:
1635:
696:. These ships were assigned "goalkeeper" duties, to provide close anti-aircraft defence of the carrier task force.
17:
828:
booster motor and turnover pack, to clear the ship's superstructure and rapidly flipped onto their flight path by
1308:
706:, a new tactic was devised, which saw each of the two Type 22 frigates paired with each of the two remaining
479:, from 1976. Sea Wolf was tested with a vertical launch system early in the development period on a modified
1685:
454:
375:
129:
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949:(CAMM) which would be known in Royal Navy service as "Sea Ceptor" and will also be jointly used by the
568:
1460:
1295:
1165:"Sea Wolf : Weapon Systems : Surface Fleet : Operations and Support : Royal Navy"
821:
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link, and that its small size allowed multi-round launchers to be fitted to ships in place of their
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1435:
957:
251:
1503:
820:
Instead of a launcher that is aimed at the target by the fire-control system, VL Sea Wolf uses a
1756:
1611:
1543:
984:
406:
Vertically
Launched Sea Wolf (VLSW) forms. In Royal Navy service Sea Wolf is being replaced by
371:
1117:- Also known as 'Sea Ceptor' has replaced the Sea Wolf missile in service with the Royal Navy.
799:
Sea Wolf accounted for three confirmed "kills" and two further possibles from eight launches.
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923:
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1410:
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In an attempt to overcome the fleet's overall air defence deficiency following the loss of
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558:
487:
8:
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weapon system designed as a short-range defence against both sea-skimming and high angle
1445:
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missiles, the Type 22 would use its short-range Sea Wolf missiles to defend both ships.
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911:
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51:
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frigates when they enter service in the late 2020s. Sea Ceptor will also replace the
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707:
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391:
379:
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1645:
1640:
1601:
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under the name "Land Ceptor". CAMM is derived from and shares components with the
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980:
976:
972:
965:
864:
555:
518:
506:
48:
1323:"From Sea Wolf to Sea Ceptor – the Royal Navy's defensive shield | Navy Lookout"
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in 2018 replacing the Sea Wolf and will also be integrated onto the forthcoming
788:
s evasive manoeuvring took her through the line of fire and the lock was lost.
43:
1680:
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758:
539:
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269:
66:
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514:
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418:
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302:
110:
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the Sea Wolf system had been reset and acquired the attacking aircraft but
609:
265:
195:
149:
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was hit by one bomb, which bounced up through the deck and destroyed her
465:
Testing lasted from 1970 until 1977, with shipborne trials on a modified
211:
1197:. Cassell Military Paperbacks. Sterling*+ Publishing Company. Glossary.
450:. It entered service in 1961, the first point-defence missile to do so.
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728:
were operating in combination and were attacked by two flights of four
407:
395:
227:
1703:
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Tras un manto de neblina. Breve crónica de la Guerra de las Malvinas
1650:
1581:
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888:
875:
534:
497:
191:
114:
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The earliest point-defence missile used by the Royal Navy was the
1713:
1596:
1476:
1132:
1120:
900:
599:, to control engagements at low level) and was fitted in the 7th
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carriers and Type 42 destroyers to supplement the medium range
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1528:
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207:
1441:
Seawolf v Exocet - test detailed (Flight International 1983)
1723:
1264:
BATTLE ATLAS of the FALKLANDS WAR 1982 by Land, Sea and Air
937:
929:
807:
757:
also operating in a 22/42 combination to the north-west of
383:
318:
231:
215:
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90 seconds later at a 20-degree angle to her port bow. On
1475:
1382:
Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982, by Land, Sea, Air
815:
761:
came under attack by two waves of two A-4 Skyhawks.
505:
The first deployment, in the GWS-25 form, was on the
773:
helicopter. The second pair of Skyhawks headed for
517:. The current version is the GWS-26 Mod 1 system on
1137:
1125:
1112:
430:, which had been rapidly developed from an earlier
1431:Jane's Defence news on Seawolf Block 2, April 2006
903:system. It was intended to equip the Royal Navy's
792:was struck by three bombs and sank shortly after.
457:(BAC) won a 1967 development contract along with
1780:
1183:
962:Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM)
402:Conventionally Launched Sea Wolf (CLSW) and the
943:Future Local Anti-air Defence System (Maritime)
932:in September 2007 it was announced that the UK
1809:Surface-to-air missiles of the United Kingdom
1461:
1400:, Modern Combat Ships 4, Ian Allan Publishing
1220:Four Weeks in May: The Loss of "HMS Coventry"
824:(VLS). Missiles are launched vertically by a
323:Mach 3 (3,700 km/h; 2,300 mph)
1814:Military equipment introduced in the 1970s
1468:
1454:
1419:, Doug Richardson, Jane's Publishing, 1981
336:Automatic Command to Line-Of-Sight (ACLOS)
1217:
554:Original GWS-25 sextuple launcher on the
1404:
1395:
1309:"Missiles and Fire Support at DSEi 2007"
1242:
998:
945:or FLAADS(M). The system chosen was the
874:
806:
567:
549:
496:
417:
147:British Aircraft Corporation (1967–1977)
870:
689:and the Batch 3A Leander class frigate
422:Seawolf (right) replaced Seacat (left).
14:
1781:
1449:
1378:
1286:RoyalNavy.mod.uk, accessed 9 May 2009
708:Type 42 (area air defence) destroyers
615:
1189:
1007:
816:Vertical launch (VL) Sea Wolf GWS-26
572:Sea Wolf GWS-25 missile launcher at
1794:Naval weapons of the United Kingdom
1211:
1040:
574:Explosion Museum of Naval Firepower
24:
1392:, Mario Díaz Gavier, Córdoba, 2004
971:Sea Ceptor entered service on the
509:(2 systems) and later on modified
25:
1825:
1424:
1257:
1003:Map of Sea Wolf operators in blue
57:fires a vertical-launch Sea Wolf.
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1065:
1047:
1027:
1014:
639:
624:
42:
1371:
1341:
1296:VLSW launch from HMS Sutherland
947:Common Anti-Air Modular Missile
879:Sea Wolf at RAF Museum Cosford.
545:
533:solid-fuel rocket to a maximum
501:Sea Wolf at RAF Museum Cosford.
1315:
1301:
1289:
1270:
1251:
1236:
1195:Sea Harrier Over the Falklands
1157:
917:
524:
398:has fielded two versions, the
313:3,000 m (9,842.5 ft)
97:
13:
1:
1799:Naval surface-to-air missiles
1407:Royal Navy Frigates 1945–1983
1145:
374:system designed and built by
285:Blackcap solid fuel sustainer
1804:British Aircraft Corporation
1379:Smith, Gordon Smith (2006),
1150:
994:
964:missile in service with the
455:British Aircraft Corporation
130:British Aircraft Corporation
7:
1096:
802:
529:Sea Wolf is powered by the
10:
1830:
921:
849:
413:
250:14 kg (30.9 lb)
242:450 mm (17.7 in)
1765:
1732:
1694:
1632:(Sea Ceptor, Land Ceptor)
1610:
1542:
1484:
1260:"Argentine Aircraft Lost"
1218:Hart Dyke, David (2007).
858:
839:, on the Type 23 frigate
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73:Place of origin
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62:
41:
34:
1243:Woodward, Sandy (1992).
991:between 2026 and 2032.
382:(BAe) Dynamics, and now
1789:Close-in weapon systems
936:was funding a study by
175:GWS-25, GWS-26, GWS-27
1771: Anglo-Australian
1405:Marriott, Leo (1983),
1396:Marriott, Leo (1986),
1282:1 January 2010 at the
1004:
880:
822:vertical-launch system
812:
576:
565:
502:
423:
372:surface-to-air missile
252:HE blast-fragmentation
1479:of the United Kingdom
1113:United Kingdom, Italy
1002:
924:CAMM (missile family)
878:
810:
571:
553:
500:
421:
386:. It is an automated
1411:Ian Allan Publishing
871:Lightweight Sea Wolf
662:and heavy damage to
1385:, naval-history.net
1353:www.navylookout.com
1327:www.navylookout.com
1266:. NavalHistory.net.
934:Ministry of Defence
733:Douglas A-4 Skyhawk
1769:
1767: Anglo-French
1696:Surface-to-surface
1222:. Atlantic Books.
1005:
989:Type 45 Destroyers
958:air defence system
881:
813:
743:sustained damage.
616:Combat performance
577:
566:
503:
424:
394:and aircraft. The
392:anti-ship missiles
378:, later to become
121:Production history
1776:
1775:
1247:. Harper Collins.
1229:978-1-84354-590-3
1171:on 1 January 2010
1008:Current operators
448:Bofors 40 mm guns
432:anti-tank missile
380:British Aerospace
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16:(Redirected from
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1245:One Hundred Days
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1167:. Archived from
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1103:List of missiles
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987:missiles on the
973:Type 23 frigates
830:thrust vectoring
787:
746:On 25 May 1982,
717:On 12 May 1982,
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519:Type 23 frigates
349:Control surfaces
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173:Electronics;
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1757:Green Cheese
1665:
1587:Storm Shadow
1416:
1406:
1397:
1389:
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1372:Bibliography
1357:. Retrieved
1352:
1343:
1331:. Retrieved
1326:
1317:
1303:
1291:
1272:
1263:
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1244:
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1213:
1194:
1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1169:the original
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546:Fire control
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452:
434:design, the
425:
403:
399:
367:
366:
194:(180.8
157:(since 1999)
150:BAe Dynamics
144:Manufacturer
99:
94:Used by
53:
26:
1747:Blue Streak
1686:Thunderbird
918:Replacement
525:Description
370:is a naval
291:Operational
152:(1977–1999)
1783:Categories
1752:Blue Water
1742:Blue Steel
1676:Starstreak
1620:Bloodhound
1504:Firestreak
1486:Air-to-air
1359:1 November
1333:1 November
1146:References
906:Invincible
893:short tons
863:Proposed "
779:Broadsword
767:Broadsword
763:Broadsword
755:Broadsword
735:aircraft.
686:Broadsword
561:Cumberland
408:Sea Ceptor
396:Royal Navy
297:1–10
259:Detonation
230:(7.1
89:Since 1979
1704:Swingfire
1671:Starburst
1661:Sea Viper
1592:Sea Venom
1577:Sea Eagle
1562:Brimstone
1557:Blue Boar
1499:Fireflash
1151:Citations
1136:– (
1124:– (
1111:– (
1091:Indonesia
995:Operators
955:Sky Sabre
889:long tons
841:HMS
748:HMS
737:Brilliant
730:Argentine
723:HMS
719:Brilliant
703:Sheffield
701:HMS
693:Andromeda
691:HMS
684:HMS
679:Brilliant
664:HMS
657:HMS
648:Brilliant
612:, Essex.
593:Blindfire
559:HMS
490:Loch Fada
488:HMS
474:HMS
272:activated
261:mechanism
226:180
214:2.8
206:1.9
100:operators
52:HMS
36:Sea Wolf
1719:Vigilant
1681:Tigercat
1666:Sea Wolf
1651:Sea Dart
1625:Blowpipe
1582:Sea Skua
1534:Skyflash
1519:Red Hebe
1514:Red Dean
1280:Archived
1277:Sea Wolf
1193:(2000).
1097:See also
1035:Malaysia
985:Aster 15
912:Sea Dart
803:Variants
790:Coventry
783:Coventry
775:Coventry
750:Coventry
712:Sea Dart
659:Coventry
535:velocity
531:Blackcap
476:Penelope
368:Sea Wolf
357:platform
343:Steering
329:Guidance
239:Wingspan
223:Diameter
210:(6
190:82
170:Variants
162:Produced
136:Designed
126:Designer
115:Gulf War
54:Portland
1734:Nuclear
1714:UB.109T
1709:Malkara
1656:Seaslug
1636:Javelin
1597:SPEAR 3
1572:Martlet
1524:Red Top
1398:Type 22
1133:RIM-113
1121:Barak 1
981:Type 31
977:Type 26
928:At the
901:Sea Cat
897:Leander
891:; 14.9
850:Block 2
843:Norfolk
741:Glasgow
725:Glasgow
666:Glasgow
633:Glasgow
601:Type 22
589:Leander
581:Leander
511:Leander
468:Leander
459:Vickers
436:Malkara
414:History
247:Warhead
155:MBDA UK
1646:Seacat
1641:Rapier
1602:Tychon
1567:Martel
1509:Meteor
1494:ASRAAM
1226:
1201:
1126:Israel
1088:
1070:
1052:
1032:
1022:Brazil
1019:
887:(13.3
885:tonnes
859:GWS-27
428:Seacat
404:GWS-26
400:GWS-25
355:Launch
345:system
331:system
305:), VLS
282:Engine
203:Length
1552:ALARM
1175:9 May
1073:Chile
908:class
826:Cadiz
786:'
293:range
1724:NLAW
1630:CAMM
1361:2023
1335:2023
1224:ISBN
1199:ISBN
1177:2009
1108:CAMM
1077:CAMM
1059:CAMM
979:and
953:new
938:MBDA
753:and
721:and
677:HMS
646:HMS
631:HMS
482:Loch
384:MBDA
361:Ship
187:Mass
165:1979
139:1967
107:Wars
98:See
63:Type
376:BAC
303:nmi
1785::
1409:,
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968:.
682:,
486:,
472:,
410:.
299:km
232:in
228:mm
216:in
212:ft
196:lb
192:kg
113:,
1469:e
1462:t
1455:v
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1140:)
1128:)
1115:)
1079:)
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669:.
564:.
268:/
234:)
218:)
208:m
198:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
