Sculpture - Knowledge

6819: 6981: 7985: 6692: 9713: 8923: 3289: 9650: 9757: 6381: 2253: 2053: 3033: 7042: 873: 6414: 3712: 6350: 7061: 2179: 6365: 7767: 10564: 6926: 6047: 5869: 6739: 4224: 5817: 2616: 9888: 2916: 3450: 6899: 5597: 9802: 5994: 8827: 2488: 9734: 5196: 478: 5975: 8665: 5164: 3889: 7378: 5247: 9040: 7969: 10543: 5853: 5272: 7945: 4351: 2198: 5123: 9866: 2756: 8226: 9672: 2594: 10482: 3928: 8190: 2879: 10019: 4329: 7620: 6027: 4743: 2519: 141: 8736: 3663: 3359: 2895: 3347: 6770: 3307: 5104: 7818: 5914: 7091: 9846: 2928: 8607: 8864: 8547: 6955: 5293: 7132: 4403: 8974: 1104:. Oxy-fuel is probably the most common method of welding when it comes to creating steel sculptures because it is the easiest to use for shaping the steel as well as making clean and less noticeable joins of the steel. The key to Oxy-fuel welding is heating each piece of metal to be joined evenly until all are red and have a shine to them. Once that shine is on each piece, that shine will soon become a 'pool' where the metal is liquified and the welder must get the pools to join, fusing the metal. Once cooled off, the location where the pools joined are now one continuous piece of metal. Also used heavily in Oxy-fuel sculpture creation is forging. 7660: 3005: 7632: 4601: 7216: 5769: 5468: 3419: 1694: 2476: 9952: 8949: 3679: 8637: 7362: 8588: 8288: 7398: 4129: 10501: 8340: 1640: 1210: 4200: 2033: 5142: 8803: 8318: 4248: 6242: 7342: 6280: 9974: 2329: 8692: 10106: 4913: 9926: 7838: 4386: 8713: 2946: 4778: 7188: 8776: 10352: 7802: 4981: 6567: 10423: 1597: 8163: 7787: 9907: 6311: 2225: 7561: 8511:. Compared to areas colonized by the Spanish, sculpture got off to an extremely slow start in the British colonies, with next to no place in churches, and was only given impetus by the need to assert nationality after independence. American sculpture of the mid- to late-19th century was often classical, often romantic, but showed a bent for a dramatic, narrative, almost journalistic realism. Public buildings during the last quarter of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century often provided an architectural setting for sculpture, especially in relief. By the 1930s the 8175: 9018: 1798: 1717: 10590: 10149: 7909: 7254: 7110: 6330: 5535: 10375: 1748: 8121: 4309: 4665: 720: 3909: 9823: 4172: 9691: 4267: 2507: 8206: 8303: 4631: 7232: 2974: 7644: 6265: 3489: 2280: 2213: 8106: 9112:, attempting to model of a fleeting moment of ordinary life. Modern classicism showed a lesser interest in naturalism and a greater interest in formal stylization. Greater attention was paid to the rhythms of volumes and spaces—as well as greater attention to the contrasting qualities of surface (open, closed, planar, broken etc.) while less attention was paid to story-telling and convincing details of anatomy or costume. Greater attention was given to psychological effect than to physical realism, and influences from earlier styles worldwide were used. 2310: 4960: 5519: 9783: 6796: 7894: 7162: 10520: 7576: 10041: 8245: 2670:; free-standing statues were now mostly made in bronze, which always had value as scrap. The Severe style lasted from around 500 in reliefs, and soon after 480 in statues, to about 450. The relatively rigid poses of figures relaxed, and asymmetrical turning positions and oblique views became common, and deliberately sought. This was combined with a better understanding of anatomy and the harmonious structure of sculpted figures, and the pursuit of naturalistic representation as an aim, which had not been present before. Excavations at the 7676: 2831:, and those from other centres where small pottery figures were produced on an industrial scale, some religious but others showing animals and elegantly dressed ladies. Sculptors became more technically skilled in representing facial expressions conveying a wide variety of emotions and the portraiture of individuals, as well representing different ages and races. The reliefs from the Mausoleum are rather atypical in that respect; most work was free-standing, and group compositions with several figures to be seen in the round, like the 1855: 4715: 6835: 3868: 1817: 6658: 4700: 10700: 10450: 4573: 3725: 6818: 9233: 5015: 9251: 7015: 6616: 3323: 3393: 5574: 2017: 8891: 7278: 8264: 8133: 4283: 2545: 3076: 2744: 10614: 5398:

Buddhist art throughout the Asian continent up to the present. Though dating is uncertain, it appears that strongly Hellenistic styles lingered in the East for several centuries after they had declined around the Mediterranean, as late as the 5th century CE. Some aspects of Greek art were adopted while others did not spread beyond the Greco-Buddhist area; in particular the standing figure, often with a relaxed pose and one leg flexed, and the flying cupids or victories, who became popular across Asia as

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reliefs and on pediments combined complexity and harmony in a way that had a permanent influence on Western art. Relief could be very high indeed, as in the Parthenon illustration below, where most of the leg of the warrior is completely detached from the background, as were the missing parts; relief this high made sculptures more subject to damage. The Late Classical style developed the free-standing female nude statue, supposedly an innovation of

9993: 5896: 9063: 6723: 1133: 4152: 6755: 10909: 4815: 9271: 8407: 461: 54: 5644: 1286: 2115:, which is well suited to very bright sunlight. The main figures in reliefs adhere to the same figure convention as in painting, with parted legs (where not seated) and head shown from the side, but the torso from the front, and a standard set of proportions making up the figure, using 18 "fists" to go from the ground to the hair-line on the forehead. This appears as early as the 79: 5699:, the first emperor of a unified China from 221 to 210 BCE, as a grand imperial version of the figures long placed in tombs to enable the deceased to enjoy the same lifestyle in the afterlife as when alive, replacing actual sacrifices of very early periods. Smaller figures in pottery or wood were placed in tombs for many centuries afterwards, reaching a peak of quality in 5719:. Buddhism is also the context of all large portrait sculpture; in total contrast to some other areas, in medieval China even painted images of the emperor were regarded as private. Imperial tombs have spectacular avenues of approach lined with real and mythological animals on a scale matching Egypt, and smaller versions decorate temples and palaces. 6465:. However, such figures in bronze and stone are rare and greatly outnumbered by pottery figurines and stone seals, often of animals or deities very finely depicted. After the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization there is little record of sculpture until the Buddhist era, apart from a hoard of copper figures of (somewhat controversially) 976:", along with more freehand methods. Pointing involved setting up a grid of string squares on a wooden frame surrounding the original, and then measuring the position on the grid and the distance between grid and statue of a series of individual points, and then using this information to carve into the block from which the copy is made. 7984: 5499: 1162:: hot casting can be done by ladling molten glass into moulds that have been created by pressing shapes into sand, carved graphite or detailed plaster/silica moulds. Kiln casting glass involves heating chunks of glass in a kiln until they are liquid and flow into a waiting mould below it in the kiln. Hot glass can also 1994:, which are sculpted in high relief on two sides of a rectangular block, with the heads effectively in the round (and also five legs, so that both views seem complete). Even before dominating the region they had continued the cylinder seal tradition with designs which are often exceptionally energetic and refined. 9756: 2052: 5035:

In Baroque sculpture, groups of figures assumed new importance, and there was a dynamic movement and energy of human forms— they spiralled around an empty central vortex, or reached outwards into the surrounding space. Baroque sculpture often had multiple ideal viewing angles, and reflected a general

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sculpture became largely an extension of the Hellenistic style, from which specifically Roman elements are hard to disentangle, especially as so much Greek sculpture survives only in copies of the Roman period. By the 2nd century BCE, "most of the sculptors working at Rome" were Greek, often enslaved

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The High Classical style continued to develop realism and sophistication in the human figure, and improved the depiction of drapery (clothes), using it to add to the impact of active poses. Facial expressions were usually very restrained, even in combat scenes. The composition of groups of figures in

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Sculpture has been central in religious devotion in many cultures, and until recent centuries, large sculptures, too expensive for private individuals to create, were usually an expression of religion or politics. Those cultures whose sculptures have survived in quantities include the cultures of the

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is arguably the main strength of Roman sculpture. There are no survivals from the tradition of masks of ancestors that were worn in processions at the funerals of the great families and otherwise displayed in the home, but many of the busts that survive must represent ancestral figures, perhaps from

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Hellenistic sculpture greatly expanded the range of subjects represented, partly as a result of greater general prosperity, and the emergence of a very wealthy class who had large houses decorated with sculpture, although we know that some examples of subjects that seem best suited to the home, such

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period (3rd millennium BCE), where marble figures, usually female and small, are represented in an elegantly simplified geometrical style. Most typical is a standing pose with arms crossed in front, but other figures are shown in different poses, including a complicated figure of a harpist seated on

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The conquest of the whole of Mesopotamia and much surrounding territory by the Assyrians created a larger and wealthier state than the region had known before, and very grandiose art in palaces and public places, no doubt partly intended to match the splendour of the art of the neighbouring Egyptian

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could become wealthy, and ennobled, and enter the circle of princes, after a period of sharp argument over the relative status of sculpture and painting. Much decorative sculpture on buildings remained a trade, but sculptors producing individual pieces were recognised on a level with painters. From

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is the process of heating metal to a certain point to soften it enough to be shaped into different forms. One very common example is heating the end of a steel rod and hitting the red heated tip with a hammer while on an anvil to form a point. In between hammer swings, the forger rotates the rod and

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is an example of a tradition of monumental sculpture in wood that would leave no traces for archaeology. The ability to summon the resources to create monumental sculpture, by transporting usually very heavy materials and arranging for the payment of what are usually regarded as full-time sculptors,

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and art history the appearance, and sometimes disappearance, of large or monumental sculpture in a culture is regarded as of great significance, though tracing the emergence is often complicated by the presumed existence of sculpture in wood and other perishable materials of which no record remains;

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During the late 1950s and the 1960s abstract sculptors began experimenting with a wide array of new materials and different approaches to creating their work. Surrealist imagery, anthropomorphic abstraction, new materials and combinations of new energy sources and varied surfaces and objects became

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are important elements in the art of many peoples, along with human figures, often highly stylized. There is a vast variety of styles, often varying within the same context of origin depending on the use of the object, but wide regional trends are apparent; sculpture is most common among "groups of

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sculptures from the Philippines are dominated by Anitist designs mirroring the medium used and the culture involved, while being highlighted by the environments where such sculptures are usually placed on. Christian and Islamic sculptures from the Philippines have different motifs compared to other

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from the 1st to 3rd centuries CE reflected both native Indian traditions and the Western influences received through the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, and effectively established the basis for subsequent Indian religious sculpture. The style was developed and diffused through most of India under

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equivalents, and after Buddhism declined in Japan in the 15th century, monumental sculpture became largely architectural decoration and less significant. However sculptural work in the decorative arts was developed to a remarkable level of technical achievement and refinement in small objects such

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The period was marked by a great increase in patronage of sculpture by the state for public art and by the wealthy for their homes; especially in Italy, public sculpture remains a crucial element in the appearance of historic city centres. Church sculpture mostly moved inside just as outside public

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was above all the sculptural mode of the period. Compositions usually had little depth, and needed to be flexible to squeeze themselves into the shapes of capitals, and church typanums; the tension between a tightly enclosing frame, from which the composition sometimes escapes, is a recurrent theme

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was not a problem as pieces were instantly recognisable. In the early 21st century the value of metal rose to such an extent that theft of massive bronze sculpture for the value of the metal became a problem; sculpture worth millions being stolen and melted down for the relatively low value of the

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in the 4th century BCE, and the Islamic conquests of the 7th century CE. Greco-Buddhist art is characterized by the strong idealistic realism of Hellenistic art and the first representations of the Buddha in human form, which have helped define the artistic (and particularly, sculptural) canon for

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was invented. From the 20th century the relatively restricted range of subjects found in large sculpture expanded greatly, with abstract subjects and the use or representation of any type of subject now common. Today much sculpture is made for intermittent display in galleries and museums, and the

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Classical training was rooted out of art education in Western Europe (and the Americas) by 1970 and the classical variants of the 20th century were marginalized in the history of modernism. But classicism continued as the foundation of art education in the Soviet academies until 1990, providing a

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sculpture replaced the figure in public settings and architects almost completely stopped using sculpture in or on their designs. Modern sculptors (21st century) use both classical and abstract inspired designs. Beginning in the 1980s, there was a swing back toward figurative public sculpture; by

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are not known for their sculpture. However, one style from the region is pole sculptures, carved in human shapes and decorated with geometric forms, while the tops are carved with figures of animals, people, and various objects. These poles are, then, placed next to graves and are associated with

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After moving through a late 2nd-century "baroque" phase, in the 3rd century, Roman art largely abandoned, or simply became unable to produce, sculpture in the classical tradition, a change whose causes remain much discussed. Even the most important imperial monuments now showed stumpy, large-eyed

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is very variously dated, but taken as a very rare survival of Italic style under the Republic, in the preferred medium of bronze. Similarly stern and forceful heads are seen on coins of the Late Republic, and in the Imperial period coins as well as busts sent around the Empire to be placed in the

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in Athens, where the remains of the pediment of around 520 using figures in the round were fortunately used as infill for new buildings after the Persian sack in 480 BCE, and recovered from the 1880s on in fresh unweathered condition. Other significant remains of architectural sculpture come from

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Wood is light, so suitable for masks and other sculpture intended to be carried, and can take very fine detail. It is also much easier to work than stone. It has been very often painted after carving, but the paint wears less well than the wood, and is often missing in surviving pieces. Painted

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of about 3,000 years ago. East Asian portrait sculpture was entirely religious, with leading clergy being commemorated with statues, especially the founders of monasteries, but not rulers, or ancestors. The Mediterranean tradition revived, initially only for tomb effigies and coins, in the Middle

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but also in the history of Buddhist statues in Japan. Jōchō redefined the body shape of Buddha statues by perfecting the technique of "yosegi zukuri" (寄木造り) which is a combination of several woods. The peaceful expression and graceful figure of the Buddha statue that he made completed a Japanese

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from Dynasty I. However, there as elsewhere the convention is not used for minor figures shown engaged in some activity, such as the captives and corpses. Other conventions make statues of males darker than females ones. Very conventionalized portrait statues appear from as early as Dynasty II,

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pose, borrowed from classical sculpture. It differs from previous representations of the subject in that David is depicted before his battle with Goliath and not after the giant's defeat. Instead of being shown victorious, as Donatello and Verocchio had done, David looks tense and battle ready.

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has been extremely widely practiced, but survives much less well than the other main materials, being vulnerable to decay, insect damage, and fire. It therefore forms an important hidden element in the art history of many cultures. Outdoor wood sculpture does not last long in most parts of the

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Animals are, with the human figure, the earliest subject for sculpture, and have always been popular, sometimes realistic, but often imaginary monsters; in China animals and monsters are almost the only traditional subjects for stone sculpture outside tombs and temples. The kingdom of plants is

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found in both monuments the same "stubby proportions, angular movements, an ordering of parts through symmetry and repetition and a rendering of features and drapery folds through incisions rather than modelling... The hallmark of the style wherever it appears consists of an emphatic hardness,

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is a group of manufacturing processes by which a liquid material (bronze, copper, glass, aluminum, iron) is (usually) poured into a mould, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solid casting is then ejected or broken out to complete the process,

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is often called simply a "bronze". Common bronze alloys have the unusual and desirable property of expanding slightly just before they set, thus filling the finest details of a mould. Their strength and lack of brittleness (ductility) is an advantage when figures in action are to be created,

7527:-speaking peoples of the same region make pieces of wood with broad, flat surfaces and arms and legs are shaped like cylinders. In Central Africa, however, the main distinguishing characteristics include heart-shaped faces that are curved inward and display patterns of circles and dots. 9712: 4078:

altar reliefs in groups of panels over much of Europe for economical parishes who could not afford stone retables. Small carvings, for a mainly lay and often female market, became a considerable industry in Paris and some other centres. Types of ivories included small devotional

8922: 1360:. Some sculptors maintained large workshops. Even in the Renaissance the physical nature of the work was perceived by Leonardo da Vinci and others as pulling down the status of sculpture in the arts, though the reputation of Michelangelo perhaps put this long-held idea to rest. 5224:'s nudes the idealist aspect of the movement. The Neoclassical period was one of the great ages of public sculpture, though its "classical" prototypes were more likely to be Roman copies of Hellenistic sculptures. In sculpture, the most familiar representatives are the Italian 5058:(1647–1652). Much Baroque sculpture added extra-sculptural elements, for example, concealed lighting, or water fountains, or fused sculpture and architecture to create a transformative experience for the viewer. Artists saw themselves as in the classical tradition, but admired 661:

In other cultures such as Egypt and the Near East public statues were almost exclusively the preserve of the ruler, with other wealthy people only being portrayed in their tombs. Rulers are typically the only people given portraits in Pre-Columbian cultures, beginning with the

4884:(1543) was his first sculpture, and shows his talent at its best. As these examples show, the period extended the range of secular subjects for large works beyond portraits, with mythological figures especially favoured; previously these had mostly been found in small works. 3138:(146 BCE), and sculptors continued to be mostly Greeks, often slaves, whose names are very rarely recorded. Vast numbers of Greek statues were imported to Rome, whether as booty or the result of extortion or commerce, and temples were often decorated with re-used Greek works. 2721:, a colossal bronze figure that stood next to the Parthenon; all of these are lost but are known from many representations. He is also credited as the creator of some life-size bronze statues known only from later copies whose identification is controversial, including the 4050:

around 1400. Late Gothic sculpture continued in the North, with a fashion for very large wooden sculpted altarpieces with increasingly virtuoso carving and large numbers agitated expressive figures; most surviving examples are in Germany, after much iconoclasm elsewhere.

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are superb examples, very different in style, of metal casting, the former highly intricate and energetic, drawing on manuscript painting, while the font shows the Mosan style at its most classical and majestic. The bronze doors, a triumphal column and other fittings at

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are usually carved out of a single block of snow about 6 to 15 feet (1.8 to 4.6 m) on each side and weighing about 20–30 tons. The snow is densely packed into a form after having been produced by artificial means or collected from the ground after a snowfall.

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at the beginning of the century paved the way for later abstract sculpture. In revolt against the naturalism of Rodin and his late-19th-century contemporaries, Brâncuși distilled subjects down to their essences as illustrated by the elegantly refined forms of his

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initially controlled most of the South. Hellenistic art, and artists, spread very widely, and was especially influential in the expanding Roman Republic and when it encountered Buddhism in the easternmost extensions of the Hellenistic area. The massive so-called

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Historically, with the exception of some monumental Egyptian sculpture, most African sculpture was created in wood and other organic materials that have not survived from earlier than a few centuries ago; older pottery figures are found from a number of areas.

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Objects in precious materials such as ivory and metal had a very high status in the period, much more so than monumental sculpture — we know the names of more makers of these than painters, illuminators or architect-masons. Metalwork, including decoration in

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Native Chinese religions do not usually use cult images of deities, or even represent them, and large religious sculpture is nearly all Buddhist, dating mostly from the 4th to the 14th century, and initially using Greco-Buddhist models arriving via the

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One form of sculpture found in many prehistoric cultures around the world is specially enlarged versions of ordinary tools, weapons or vessels created in impractical precious materials, for either some form of ceremonial use or display or as offerings.

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foundation for expressive figurative art throughout eastern Europe and parts of the Middle East. By 2000, the European classical tradition retains a wide appeal to the public but awaits an educational tradition to revive its contemporary development.

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terracotta figures of humans and animals in a simplistic style were erected outside important tombs. The arrival of Buddhism in the 6th century brought with it sophisticated traditions in sculpture, Chinese styles mediated via Korea. The 7th-century

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Romanesque art was characterised by a very vigorous style in both sculpture and painting. The capitals of columns were never more exciting than in this period, when they were often carved with complete scenes with several figures. The large wooden

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were cheaper pottery versions of marble reliefs and the taste for relief was from the imperial period expanded to the sarcophagus. All forms of luxury small sculpture continued to be patronized, and quality could be extremely high, as in the silver

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Another basic distinction is between subtractive carving techniques, which remove material from an existing block or lump, for example of stone or wood, and modelling techniques which shape or build up the work from the material. Techniques such as

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was adopted by the Roman state and the great majority of the people, leading to the end of large religious sculpture, with large statues now only used for emperors. However, rich Christians continued to commission reliefs for sarcophagi, as in the

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rivers" in West Africa. Direct images of deities are relatively infrequent, but masks in particular are or were often made for religious ceremonies; today many are made for tourists as "airport art". African masks were an influence on European

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in modern Lebanon, was probably made there at the start of the period by expatriate Greek artists for a Hellenized Persian governor. The wealth of the period led to a greatly increased production of luxury forms of small sculpture, including

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are probably slightly later. Later large-scale sculpture remains almost exclusively religious, and generally rather conservative, often reverting to simple frontal standing poses for deities, though the attendant spirits such as apsaras and

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he erected around India, carrying his edicts and topped by famous sculptures of animals, mostly lions, of which six survive. Large amounts of figurative sculpture, mostly in relief, survive from Early Buddhist pilgrimage stupas, above all

2615: 7253: 2162:, and so we have a good number of less conventionalized statues of well-off administrators and their wives, many in wood as Egypt is one of the few places in the world where the climate allows wood to survive over millennia. The so-called 5868: 5596: 6241: 9489:

for the two World Wars, but from the 1950s the public and commissioning bodies became more comfortable with Modernist sculpture and large public commissions both abstract and figurative became common. Picasso was commissioned to make a

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The "High Classical" period lasted only a few decades from about 450 to 400, but has had a momentous influence on art, and retains a special prestige, despite a very restricted number of original survivals. The best known works are the

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labourers. Later, artists trained in the Western academic tradition followed European styles until in the late 19th century they began to draw again on indigenous influences, notably in the Mexican baroque grotesque style known as

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which thrived between 500 BCE and 500 CE in modern Nigeria, with clay figures typically with elongated bodies and angular shapes. Later West African cultures developed bronze casting for reliefs to decorate palaces like the famous

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but based in Florence, excelled in the later part of the century, also creating life-size sculptures, of which two joined the collection in the Piazza della Signoria. He and his followers devised elegant elongated examples of the

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the 18th century or earlier sculpture also attracted middle-class students, although it was slower to do so than painting. Women sculptors took longer to appear than women painters, and were less prominent until the 20th century.

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was the first medieval style to be used in the whole of Western Europe. The new cathedrals and pilgrim's churches were increasingly decorated with architectural stone reliefs, and new focuses for sculpture developed, such as the

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periods there was the beginnings of a production of monumental statues, in courts and major churches. This gradually spread; by the late 10th and 11th century there are records of several apparently life-size sculptures in

12799: 7041: 5993: 3288: 10351: 6235:. In the 19th century there were export industries of small bronze sculptures of extreme virtuosity, ivory and porcelain figurines, and other types of small sculpture, increasingly emphasizing technical accomplishment. 5768: 1747: 9992: 9865: 2735:, and developed increasingly complex and subtle poses that were interesting when viewed from a number of angles, as well as more expressive faces; both trends were to be taken much further in the Hellenistic period. 1180:

Pottery is one of the oldest materials for sculpture, as well as clay being the medium in which many sculptures cast in metal are originally modelled for casting. Sculptors often build small preliminary works called

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During the 6th century Greek sculpture developed rapidly, becoming more naturalistic, and with much more active and varied figure poses in narrative scenes, though still within idealized conventions. Sculptured

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has consistently rejected nearly all figurative sculpture, except for very small figures in reliefs and some animal figures that fulfill a useful function, like the famous lions supporting a fountain in the

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The collecting of sculpture, including that of earlier periods, goes back some 2,000 years in Greece, China and Mesoamerica, and many collections were available on semi-public display long before the modern

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revolutionized the art of sculpture when he began creating his constructions fashioned by combining disparate objects and materials into one constructed piece of sculpture; the sculptural equivalent of the

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style of sculpture of Buddha statues called "Jōchō yō" (Jōchō style, 定朝様) and determined the style of Japanese Buddhist statues of the later period. His achievement dramatically raised the social status of

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c. 2144–2124 BCE. In ancient Greece and Rome, the erection of a portrait statue in a public place was almost the highest mark of honour, and the ambition of the elite, who might also be depicted on a coin.

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The Romans did not generally attempt to compete with free-standing Greek works of heroic exploits from history or mythology, but from early on produced historical works in relief, culminating in the great

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characteristic of much new modernist sculpture. Collaborative projects with landscape designers, architects, and landscape architects expanded the outdoor site and contextual integration. Artists such as

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portal, from 1215 to 1220, show a more naturalistic style and increasing detachment from the wall behind, and some awareness of the classical tradition. These trends were continued in the west portal at

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in modern Sudan was in close and often hostile contact with Egypt, and produced monumental sculpture mostly derivative of styles to the north. In West Africa, the earliest known sculptures are from the

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is a form of ephemeral sculpture that uses ice as the raw material. It is popular in China, Japan, Canada, Sweden, and Russia. Ice sculptures feature decoratively in some cuisines, especially in Asia.

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take the form of indoor sound installations, outdoor installations such as aeolian harps, automatons, or be more or less near conventional musical instruments. Sound sculpture is often site-specific.

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of about 3000–2800 BCE, part human and part lioness. A little later there are a number of figures of large-eyed priests and worshippers, mostly in alabaster and up to a foot high, who attended temple

10985: 7968: 3927: 3827:

forms; surviving examples are mostly in brass. Many wax impressions from impressive seals survive on charters and documents, although Romanesque coins are generally not of great aesthetic interest.

2791:, from which it takes its name, but the very wealthy kings of that state were among the first to collect and also copy Classical sculpture, and also commissioned much new work, including the famous 2279: 1154:

may be used for sculpture through a wide range of working techniques, though the use of it for large works is a recent development. It can be carved, though with considerable difficulty; the Roman

7766: 6026: 4912: 4199: 2843:

sprawled asleep, presumably after drink, is an example of the moral relaxation of the period, and the readiness to create large and expensive sculptures of subjects that fall short of the heroic.

2487: 7397: 3587:, though producing superb ivory reliefs and architectural decorative carving, never returned to monumental sculpture, or even much small sculpture in the round. However, in the West during the 8339: 6476:. Thus the great tradition of Indian monumental sculpture in stone appears to begin, relative to other cultures, and the development of Indian civilization, relatively late, with the reign of 3418: 9845: 7908: 9096:). Several different directions in the classical tradition were taken as the century turned, but the study of the live model and the post-Renaissance tradition was still fundamental to them. 6738: 1166:

and/or hot sculpted with hand tools either as a solid mass or as part of a blown object. More recent techniques involve chiseling and bonding plate glass with polymer silicates and UV light.

6954: 6925: 1693: 1546:

in Europe figurative sculpture greatly reduced, and remained a less common element in art than relief decoration of practical objects until the Roman period, despite some works such as the

5246: 5036:

continuation of the Renaissance move away from the relief to sculpture created in the round, and designed to be placed in the middle of a large space—elaborate fountains such as Bernini's

4980: 2475: 226:) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely. However, most ancient sculpture was brightly painted, and this has been lost. 7307:

Figures of animals in the round were often acceptable for works used in private contexts if the object was clearly practical, so medieval Islamic art contains many metal animals that are

9733: 8450:, where a group of elaborate and highly stylized formal styles developed forming the basis of a tradition that continues today. In addition to the famous totem poles, painted and carved 8606: 6898: 2878: 2593: 6795: 4600: 4247: 5974: 2894: 1960:, or ones probably commemorating victories and showing feasts, are also found from temples, which unlike more official ones lack inscriptions that would explain them; the fragmentary 11139:

Cook, 147; he notes that ancient Greek copyists seem to have used many fewer points than some later ones, and copies often vary considerably in the composition as well as the finish.

8890: 6892:

Christian and Islamic sculptures elsewhere. In later periods Chinese influence predominated in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, and more wooden sculpture survives from across the region.

2927: 7944: 1316:

became famous, they appear to have retained much the same social status as other artisans, and perhaps not much greater financial rewards, although some signed their works. In the

6769: 5122: 12803: 10018: 9555:, which reduces sculpture to its most essential and fundamental features, predominated. Some works of the period are: the Cubi works of David Smith, and the welded steel works of 9039: 8636: 331:. Relief is the usual sculptural medium for large figure groups and narrative subjects, which are difficult to accomplish in the round, and is the typical technique used both for 3541:

reliefs, as well as smaller objects such as the consular diptych. Such objects, often in valuable materials, were also the main sculptural traditions (as far as is known) of the

1253:

Three dimensional work incorporating unconventional materials such as cloth, fur, plastics, rubber and nylon, that can thus be stuffed, sewn, hung, draped or woven, are known as

8712: 8189: 5913: 11124: 8802: 4572: 1816: 10542: 8587: 4503:, but only succeeded in making a 24-foot (7.3 m) clay model which was destroyed by French archers in 1499, and his other ambitious sculptural plans were never completed. 11212: 9925: 8225: 4742: 3306: 9822: 8691: 5163: 4870:

of statues for the first time. Like other works of his, and other Mannerists, it removes far more of the original block than Michelangelo would have done. Cellini's bronze

1716: 1539:

in France, where around 12–17,000 years ago a masterful sculptor used a spatula-like stone tool and fingers to model a pair of large bison in clay against a limestone rock.

9500:(1967). His design was ambiguous and somewhat controversial, and what the figure represents is not clear; it could be a bird, a horse, a woman or a totally abstract shape. 4171: 1944:, relatively small figures in the round, and reliefs of various sizes, including cheap plaques of moulded pottery for the home, some religious and some apparently not. The 1481:, the people of this culture developed finely-crafted stone tools, manufacturing pendants, bracelets, ivory beads, and bone-flutes, as well as three-dimensional figurines. 7619: 3888: 2518: 1972:

empire. Unlike earlier states, the Assyrians could use easily carved stone from northern Iraq, and did so in great quantity. The Assyrians developed a style of extremely

1952:

plaque of a naked winged goddess with the feet of a bird of prey, and attendant owls and lions. It comes from the 18th or 19th century BCE, and may also be moulded. Stone

10481: 8973: 5722:

Small Buddhist figures and groups were produced to a very high quality in a range of media, as was relief decoration of all sorts of objects, especially in metalwork and

4308: 3740:

Beginning in roughly 1000 A.D., there was a rebirth of artistic production in all Europe, led by general economic growth in production and commerce, and the new style of

3195:("Altar of Peace", 13 BCE) represents the official Greco-Roman style at its most classical and refined. Among other major examples are the earlier re-used reliefs on the 11654: 6566: 5292: 5271: 2915: 2544: 2128:, and some other periods such as Dynasty XII, the idealized features of rulers, like other Egyptian artistic conventions, changed little until after the Greek conquest. 1639: 8205: 5852: 5518: 3662: 2309: 9887: 972:

The copying of an original statue in stone, which was very important for ancient Greek statues, which are nearly all known from copies, was traditionally achieved by "

7231: 6533:

often have sensuously curving poses. Carving is often highly detailed, with an intricate backing behind the main figure in high relief. The celebrated bronzes of the

4014:, with unmistakable influence from Roman sarcophagi and sophisticated and crowded compositions, including a sympathetic handling of nudity, in relief panels on their 2506: 10040: 5534: 3322: 9951: 9163:

in Germany and Matveyev in Russia. Over the 70 years of the USSR, new generations of sculptors were trained and chosen within their system, and a distinct style,

3392: 9017: 1304:

Worldwide, sculptors have usually been tradespeople whose work is unsigned; in some traditions, for example China, where sculpture did not share the prestige of

5141: 3867: 9367:

led to things occasionally being described as "sculpture" that would not have been so previously, such as "involuntary sculpture" in several senses, including

7187: 7090: 1535:, although they are outnumbered by engraved pieces, which are sometimes classified as sculpture. Two of the largest prehistoric sculptures can be found at the 5081:

as in the late Middle Ages. Statues of rulers and the nobility became increasingly popular. In the 18th century much sculpture continued on Baroque lines—the

3873: 3799: 14108: 11361: 9671: 8863: 6865:. Both of these include many reliefs as well as figures in the round; Borobudur has 2,672 relief panels, 504 Buddha statues, many semi-concealed in openwork 3678: 2224: 872: 527:

brought the sculpture of religious figures to East Asia, where there seems to have been no earlier equivalent tradition, though again simple shapes like the

10982: 7817: 6615: 4664: 5236:. The European neoclassical manner also took hold in the United States, where its pinnacle occurred somewhat later and is exemplified in the sculptures of 4031: 3604:. No Anglo-Saxon example has survived, and survivals of large non-architectural sculpture from before 1,000 are exceptionally rare. Much the finest is the 2212: 1088:

is a process where different pieces of metal are fused together to create different shapes and designs. There are many different forms of welding, such as

571:, some more than twice human size, have disturbed many ideas held about early Chinese civilization, since only much smaller bronzes were previously known. 389:

of a rider on horse, which has become rare in recent decades. The smallest forms of life-size portrait sculpture are the "head", showing just that, or the

9690: 7215: 7109: 4091:, used as engagement presents. The very wealthy collected extravagantly elaborate jewelled and enamelled metalwork, both secular and religious, like the 9801: 8948: 7361: 5103: 4844:, which in sculpture essentially meant Michelangelo, and much of the struggle to achieve this was played out in commissions to fill other places in the 9973: 8008: 6873: 5790: 5573: 222:

Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than

12777: 8775: 7131: 2111:

of ancient Egypt is world-famous, but refined and delicate small works exist in much greater numbers. The Egyptians used the distinctive technique of

2032: 207:, there has been almost complete freedom of materials and process. A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by 15032: 14811: 8037: 4128: 11007: 10105: 7014: 5094: 3711: 730:

The materials used in sculpture are diverse, changing throughout history. The classic materials, with outstanding durability, are metal, especially

355:, stamping and moulding use an intermediate matrix containing the design to produce the work; many of these allow the production of several copies. 12012: 10519: 7161: 6089: 2945: 7341: 2420:". They seem to have served a number of functions, perhaps sometimes representing deities and sometimes the person buried in a grave, as with the 2000: 14761: 14561: 11081:

the first living figure to be portrayed; under the emperors portraits of the Imperial family became standard. See Burnett, 34–35; Howgego, 63–70.

9080:

Modern classicism contrasted in many ways with the classical sculpture of the 19th century which was characterized by commitments to naturalism (

10500: 10449: 9430:

Brâncuși's impact, with his vocabulary of reduction and abstraction, is seen throughout the 1930s and 1940s, and exemplified by artists such as

6413: 5069:

brought an almost total stop to religious sculpture in much of Northern Europe, and though secular sculpture, especially for portrait busts and

4714: 3236:

figures in a harsh frontal style, in simple compositions emphasizing power at the expense of grace. The contrast is famously illustrated in the

794:(spelter). But a vast number of other materials have been used as part of sculptures, in ethnographic and ancient works as much as modern ones. 707:, and in early Mesopotamia large pottery shapes were produced in stone. Bronze was used in Europe and China for large axes and blades, like the 11259: 10308:

is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. Works include

6329: 4230: 4088: 3787: 1054:

although a final stage of "cold work" may follow on the finished cast. Casting may be used to form hot liquid metals or various materials that

311:, which are at least partly attached to a background surface. Relief is often classified by the degree of projection from the wall into low or 8287: 7554:. Southern Africa's oldest known clay figures date from 400 to 600 CE and have cylindrical heads with a mixture of human and animal features. 6845:

The sculpture of the region tends to be characterised by a high degree of ornamentation, as seen in the great monuments of Hindu and Buddhist

3346: 12682: 7643: 4630: 10062: 8244: 6264: 6191:

of Buddhist statues, created realistic and dynamic statues to suit the tastes of samurai, and Japanese Buddhist sculpture reached its peak.

2139:

another deity; however the other deities are frequently shown in paintings and reliefs. The famous row of four colossal statues outside the

13995: 12605: 12564: 11275: 7631: 7560: 5317: 4959: 3141:

A native Italian style can be seen in the tomb monuments, which very often featured portrait busts, of prosperous middle-class Romans, and

2827:

as children with animals, were in fact placed in temples or other public places. For a much more popular home decoration market there were

1772: 582:

seems to have been progressing towards its use, with small stone figures, when it collapsed. Other cultures, such as ancient Egypt and the

179:. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the 5822:

Gold stag with eagle's head, and ten further heads in the antlers. An object inspired by the art of the Siberian Altai mountain, possibly

1666: 8162: 7659: 7523:

Many West African figures are used in religious rituals and are often coated with materials placed on them for ceremonial offerings. The

6295: 5748: 4876:

is certainly a masterpiece, designed with eight angles of view, another Mannerist characteristic, but is indeed mannered compared to the

2973: 1797: 13434: 11077:

began the Hellenistic tradition of ruler-portraits on coins, and the Romans began to show dead politicians in the 1st century BCE, with

8446:

and a variety of other uses, with distinct variation between different cultures and regions. The most developed styles are those of the

7594: 7575: 4938: 4777: 2424:. They are clearly influenced by Egyptian and Syrian styles, but the Greek artists were much more ready to experiment within the style. 801:, but commonly lose their paint to time, or restorers. Many different painting techniques have been used in making sculpture, including 563:

is considered a mark of a relatively advanced culture in terms of social organization. Recent unexpected discoveries of ancient Chinese

11030: 9906: 8493: 4282: 2206:(Mycerinus) and queen, Old Kingdom, Dynasty 4, 2490–2472 BCE. The formality of the pose is reduced by the queen's arm round her husband 1645: 8469:

and other mostly church sculptures in a variety of hybrid styles. The most famous of such examples in Canada is the altar area of the

1913:

period generally had large, staring eyes, and long beards on the men. Many masterpieces have also been found at the Royal Cemetery at

14816: 14101: 11183: 11121: 7786: 4459:

survive. Ghiberti's doors are still in place, but were undoubtedly eclipsed by his second pair for the other entrance, the so-called

4084: 11208: 5726:. In the earlier periods, large quantities of sculpture were cut from the living rock in pilgrimage cave-complexes, and as outside 2016: 271:. Modernist sculpture moved away from traditional processes and the emphasis on the depiction of the human body, with the making of 12867: 12597: 11683: 8317: 8302: 7801: 4621: 1225:

tradition developed. Many of the most important sculptures of China and Japan in particular are in wood, and the great majority of

8263: 5954: 1197:

have often been as popular as they are in modern Western culture. Stamps and moulds were used by most ancient civilizations, from

14524: 12848: 9151:. As the century progressed, modern classicism was adopted as the national style of the two great European totalitarian empires: 5360: 4592: 2135:

were always regarded as deities, but other deities are much less common in large statues, except when they represent the pharaoh

6657: 3908: 12365: 12350: 8996: 1990:

showing a campaign. They produced very little sculpture in the round, except for colossal guardian figures of the human-headed

6134:

figures were produced, many with the characteristic "snow-goggle" eyes. During the Kofun period of the 3rd to 6th century CE,

3823:, a container for water to wash with, appears to have been introduced to Europe in the 11th century, and often took fantastic 3750: 13382: 13353: 13338: 13293: 13261: 13249: 13235: 13207: 13190: 13018: 12944: 12738: 12719: 12714:, Author Edward Lucie-Smith, Edition illustrated, Publisher Harry N. Abrams, 1997, Original from the University of Michigan, 11783: 11477: 11431: 11407: 11310: 11243: 11043: 10388: 9939: 8120: 905:(also called rock engravings) are perhaps the earliest form: images created by removing part of a rock surface which remains 840:

makes his unusually ephemeral sculptures from almost entirely natural materials in natural settings. Some sculpture, such as

12293: 10731:

in the rain chemically reacts with the calcium compounds in the stones (limestone, sandstone, marble and granite) to create

5195: 4266: 3786:, became very sophisticated, and many spectacular shrines made to hold relics have survived, of which the best known is the 3113:, themselves greatly influenced by their Greek trading partners. An Etruscan speciality was near life size tomb effigies in 2815:(illustrated at top), which we know was part of a group actually commissioned for Pergamon in about 228 BCE, from which the 2567: 14838: 14094: 13881: 13470: 12821: 11057: 8174: 7520:

and so with a narrative element rare in African sculpture, and royal regalia included impressive gold sculptured elements.

6805: 6436: 6310: 6279: 2156: 7893: 7296:

decoration in relief or openwork, based on vegetable motifs, but tending to geometrical abstract forms. In the very early

4699: 3773:

was a German innovation right at the start of the period, as were free-standing statues of the enthroned Madonna, but the

14960: 14276: 10084: 9156: 8105: 6130:

were "flame-rimmed" with extravagant extensions to the rim that can only be called sculptural, and very stylized pottery

4438: 3937: 3804: 542:

Small sculptures as personal possessions go back to the earliest prehistoric art, and the use of very large sculpture as

8132: 6876:, often gilded, both large for temples and monasteries, and small figurines for private homes. Traditional sculpture in 5498: 5449:, which was to extend to the rest of South-East Asia. The influence of Greco-Buddhist art also spread northward towards 5077:

has no significant sculptural component outside goldsmithing. Partly in direct reaction, sculpture was as prominent in

1395:, which initially accepted large sculptures. In Christianity and Buddhism, sculpture became very significant. Christian 14970: 14860: 11095: 8512: 8415: 6586: 4725: 4105: 3642: 2702: 12325: 11153: 11005:"Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity" September 2007 to January 2008, The Arthur M. Sackler Museum 9663: 8275: 6641: 477: 15028: 14794: 14043: 13368: 13324: 13307: 13221: 13175: 13158: 13144: 13127: 13110: 13096: 13082: 13067: 13053: 13036: 13004: 12987: 12973: 12959: 12930: 12913: 12896: 12665: 10948: 10396: 9782: 8746: 6404: 5553: 5204: 4675: 3636:

reliefs of Christian Great Britain, were northern sculptural traditions that bridged the period of Christianization.

4151: 3754: 15091: 15024: 14995: 14938: 11357: 9610:

During the 1960s and 1970s figurative sculpture by modernist artists in stylized forms was made by artists such as

8901: 7753: 7331:. The degree of acceptability of such relaxations of strict Islamic rules varies between periods and regions, with 6143:

and its contents have survived more intact than any East Asian Buddhist temple of its date, with works including a

4474: 1965: 515:, of which none have survived, were evidently rather small, even in the largest temples. The same is often true in 8527:

and others became popular. By the 1950s, traditional sculpture education would almost be completely replaced by a

8147: 5838:. Possibly from the "Hun people who lived in the prairie in Northern China". Dated to the 4th-3rd century BCE, or 3778:

in Romanesque art. Figures still often varied in size in relation to their importance portraiture hardly existed.

3125:

began to conquer Greek territory, at first in Southern Italy and then the entire Hellenistic world except for the

578:, appear to have had no monumental sculpture at all, though producing very sophisticated figurines and seals. The 10581: 8813: 8726: 4949: 4872: 3999:

of a few years later, where the figures are almost in the round, as became usual as Gothic spread across Europe.

3762: 7675: 1340:. Goldsmiths and jewellers, dealing with precious materials and often doubling as bankers, belonged to powerful 10204: 8679: 8500: 8470: 8033: 6964: 5895: 4059:

and others continued the style well into the 16th century, gradually absorbing Italian Renaissance influences.

3425: 3246: 2901: 2755: 1193:. Many cultures have produced pottery which combines a function as a vessel with a sculptural form, and small 481: 140: 15086: 14948: 14637: 12918: 10768: 10553: 9264: 9244: 8647: 7935: 7721: 5934: 5708: 4829: 4507:

monuments became common. Portrait sculpture, usually in busts, became popular in Italy around 1450, with the

4442: 4191: 4019: 12765: 12733:, Author Ann Lee Morgan, Publisher Oxford University Press, 2007, Original from the University of Michigan, 11713: 9062: 876:

Modern plaster recreation of the original painted appearance of a Late Archaic Greek marble figure from the

586:, seem to have devoted enormous resources to very large-scale monumental sculpture from a very early stage. 14965: 14799: 14601: 14012: 13852: 13312: 6760: 4043: 3497: 3278:, and very small sculpture, especially in ivory, was continued by Christians, building on the style of the 3275: 2953: 2342: 1532: 758:

statues. More common and less expensive materials were used for sculpture for wider consumption, including

503:

are common in many cultures, though they are often not the colossal statues of deities which characterized

13412: 9451: 7760:

at Lalibela containing intricate carvings, was built in the 10th–13th centuries as proven by archaeology.

4866:

to "a sack of melons", though it had a long-lasting effect in apparently introducing relief panels on the

3971:

French ivory Virgin and Child, end of 13th century, 25 cm high, curving to fit the shape of the ivory tusk

2779:

in 146 BCE or with the final defeat of the last remaining successor-state to Alexander's empire after the

14955: 14933: 14754: 12572: 11004: 9931: 9879: 8741: 8454:

were complemented by carved posts inside and out, as well as mortuary figures and other items. Among the

6824:

Sculpture of Guardian at the entrance of the Mandapam of Sri Jalagandeeswarar Temple, Vellore, Tamil Nadu

5394: 5333: 5023: 4991: 4970: 3720:, 1166, the first large hollow casting of a figure since antiquity, 1.78 metres tall and 2.79 metres long 3537:

were opposed to monumental religious sculpture, though continuing Roman traditions in portrait busts and

2239: 1159: 13139:, 1st ed. 1982 (many later editions), Macmillan, London, page refs to 1984 Macmillan 1st ed. paperback. 12754: 12010: 4402: 856:, tools, machine parts, hardware and consumer packaging to fashion their works. Sculptors sometimes use 14980: 14865: 13399: 10054: 9770: 9704: 9100:

was the most renowned European sculptor of the early 20th century. He is often considered a sculptural

9031: 8818: 8593: 6884:. As elsewhere in the region, most of the wood sculptures of the Bagan and Ava periods have been lost. 6676: 5490: 5263: 4765: 2937: 2835:

and the Pergamon group celebrating victory over the Gauls became popular, having been rare before. The

2796: 2760: 2695: 2638: 2536: 2404:

cultures developed sculpture further, under influence from Syria and elsewhere, but it is in the later

1734: 861: 755: 31: 13168:

Byzantine art in the making: main lines of stylistic development in Mediterranean art, 3rd–7th century

8845:), Paris 1881. Copy from 1953 in bronze by C & A Nicci (Rome/Italy) placed in Rottneros Park near 7516:

are a form of small metal sculptures produced over the period 1400–1900, some apparently representing

5734:

painters, sculptors of all sorts were regarded as artisans and very few names are recorded. From the

4840:

sculpture was very largely an attempt to find an original style that would top the achievement of the

4533:

Michelangelo was an active sculptor from about 1500 to 1520, and his great masterpieces including his

4447:

Renaissance sculpture proper is often taken to begin with the famous competition for the doors of the

4074:

so large they had to be moved outside the church. By the 15th century there was an industry exporting

1973: 1344:

and had considerable status, often holding civic office. Many sculptors also practised in other arts;

667:

Ages, but expanded greatly in the Renaissance, which invented new forms such as the personal portrait

11382:

P. Mellars, Archeology and the Dispersal of Modern Humans in Europe: Deconstructing the Aurignacian,

10963: 10196: 10137: 8628: 8250: 7467: 6987: 6440: 6358:

sword fitting with a "Rabbit Viewing the Autumn Moon", bronze, gold and silver, between 1670 and 1744

5700: 5133: 5054: 5037: 4641: 4469: 3753:

with figures and often narrative scenes. Outstanding abbey churches with sculpture include in France

3729: 3617: 3184: 2698: 2091: 2060: 1982: 675:

important only in jewellery and decorative reliefs, but these form almost all the large sculpture of

575: 508: 335:, which is attached to buildings, and for small-scale sculpture decorating other objects, as in much 45: 17: 10675:

have become another format for contemporary artists since the late 1990s, such as those produced by

9485:

Modernist sculptors largely missed out on the huge boom in public art resulting from the demand for

7732:. Christian imagery decorated churches during the Asksumite period and later eras. For instance, at 5093:, and interior decorative schemes in wood or plaster such as those in French domestic interiors and 5062:

and later Roman sculpture, rather than that of the more "Classical" periods as they are seen today.

4862:

from the master himself, but it was little more popular than it is now, and maliciously compared by

4518:

and others more often depicted knobbly-faced men of affairs, but also young children. The portrait

2191:, c. 3100 BCE, which already shows the canonical Egyptian profile view and proportions of the figure 253:

represented the agonies and passions of the Christian faith. The revival of classical models in the

15019: 15012: 14990: 14613: 13463: 13024: 10928: 10688: 10440: 10121: 9762: 9631: 9417: 9148: 8324: 8308: 7458: 6573: 6456: 6232: 5919: 4369: 3200: 2043: 696: 583: 449: 12677: 7740:

were carved into the Church of Bet Golgotha; by tradition these were made during the reign of the

2412:

developed. These are large standing statues of naked youths, found in temples and tombs, with the

1209: 14943: 14804: 14461: 14269: 13528: 13493: 10953: 10943: 10856: 10635: 10200: 7388: 7293: 6596: 6460: 6408: 6400: 4925: 3746: 3601: 3329: 3084: 2671: 2385: 2361: 1392: 914: 622:. Small sculpted fittings for furniture and other objects go well back into antiquity, as in the 417: 404:

Modern and contemporary art have added a number of non-traditional forms of sculpture, including

378: 332: 230:

ancient Mediterranean, India and China, as well as many in Central and South America and Africa.

13912: 13866: 12561: 11272: 10727:

can also cause damage to certain building materials and historical monuments. This results when

6722: 6544:–1250) from south India, many designed to be carried in processions, include the iconic form of 4394: 4385: 3845:

and others, which has been attributed to one of the relatively few artists whose name is known,

3011: 2801: 2674:

since 1829 have revealed the largest group of remains, from about 460, of which many are in the

2666:

There are fewer original remains from the first phase of the Classical period, often called the

1602: 1485: 1040: 473:, where the concentration of resources on large sculpture may have had serious political effects 14975: 14918: 14742: 14243: 13893: 12658:

Rodin's Art: The Rodin Collection of the Iris & Gerald B. Cantor Center for the Visual Arts

10506: 10076: 9576: 9564: 9544: 9509: 9332: 9274: 9259: 9089: 8873: 8808: 8597: 6501: 5843: 5661: 5525: 5438: 5410: 5213: 5190: 5066: 4552: 4410: 4361: 4336: 4052: 4015: 3795: 3574: 3176: 2466: 2320: 1579: 1421: 595:

ability to transport and store the increasingly large works is a factor in their construction.

156: 13244:, Penguin (Pelican, now Yale, History of Art), 1968 (nb 1st ed.; early datings now superseded) 11397: 8094:

cultures. In the Andean region, sculptures were typically small, but often show superb skill.

2481:

Cycladic statue 2700–2300 BCE. Head from the figure of a woman, H. 27 centimetres (11 in)

358:

The term "sculpture" is often used mainly to describe large works, which are sometimes called

15002: 14923: 14908: 14669: 14556: 14519: 13988: 13935: 13619: 11467: 10938: 10487: 10357: 10271: 10188: 10180: 9619: 9572: 9548: 9300: 8642: 8385: 8346: 8231: 7852: 7757: 7745: 7551: 6387: 6053: 5775: 5711:

and later figures for temples and tombs. These came to replace earlier equivalents in wood.

5655: 5564: 5176: 5078: 5041: 4845: 4478: 4292: 4186: 3542: 3460: 3266:

heaviness and angularity—in short, an almost complete rejection of the classical tradition".

3229: 3225: 2860: 2374: 2230: 1961: 1823: 1782: 1587: 1555: 1345: 1274: 1198: 579: 126: 14788: 11027: 10148: 7315:

burners or supporters for fountains, as in the stone lions supporting the famous one in the

6258:; earthenware with carved and applied decoration; height: 61 cm, diameter: 55.8 cm 5687:

decoration, but avoid the human figure, unlike the huge figures only recently discovered at

5437:, in today's northern Pakistan, before spreading further into India, influencing the art of 3853:

are well-preserved examples of small ivories, of which many pieces or fragments remain from

3849:, who also illuminated manuscripts. Like many pieces it was originally partly coloured. The 2469:

in Copenhagen, Denmark, has done extensive research and recreation of the original colours.

1324:

sometimes signed their work, and were sought after by different cities, especially from the

14875: 14828: 14625: 14514: 14333: 14075: 14020: 13920: 13823: 13558: 13553: 10933: 10876: 10643: 10365: 10325: 10310: 10006: 9739: 9312: 8837: 8393: 8235: 8138: 7725: 7335:, Persia and India often leading relaxation, and is typically highest in courtly contexts. 7097: 7048: 6961: 6888: 6033: 5901: 5169: 5049: 5018: 4753: 4547: 4541: 4535: 4456: 4430: 4341: 4315: 4096: 4075: 4035: 3812: 3151: 2370: 2108: 2098: 1870: 1738: 910: 719: 663: 499:

One of the most common purposes of sculpture is in some form of association with religion.

421: 359: 267: 114: 11176: 10735:, which then flakes off. Severe air pollution also causes damage to historical monuments. 8070:

and metal as the civilizations in these areas became more technologically proficient. The

5774:

A tomb guardian usually placed inside the doors of the tomb to protect or guide the soul,

5089:

style was better suited to smaller works, and arguably found its ideal sculptural form in

397:, normally a statue that is no more than 18 inches (46 cm) tall, and for reliefs the 307:, not attached except possibly at the base to any other surface, and the various types of 8: 15081: 14928: 14892: 14870: 14749: 14664: 14303: 13594: 13456: 13428: 10758: 10380: 9081: 9007: 8458:

of the far north, traditional carving styles in ivory and soapstone are still continued.

8447: 8071: 8045: 7975: 7531: 6148: 6147:

of 623 in bronze, showing the historical Buddha flanked by two bodhisattvas and also the

5418: 5252: 5217: 4902: 4881: 4495: 4486: 3976: 3685: 3488: 3237: 3196: 3147: 2847: 2795:

whose sculpture is now mostly in Berlin and which exemplifies the new style, as do the

2772: 2622: 2397: 2081: 1937: 1547: 1516: 1501: 1470: 1444: 374: 13270:

Sickman, Laurence, in: Sickman L., & A. Soper, "The Art and Architecture of China",

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At any time many contemporary sculptures have usually been on display in public places;

8939: 8461:

The arrival of European Catholic culture readily adapted local skills to the prevailing

8015: 6317: 3620:

around 800. These continued to grow in popularity, especially in Germany and Italy. The

1391:, which did not accept figurative sculpture until the 19th century, before expanding to 957:

is a soft mineral that is easy to carve for smaller works and still relatively durable.

546:, especially to impress the viewer with the power of a ruler, goes back at least to the 15076: 15050: 14833: 14659: 14509: 14262: 14070: 13941: 13887: 13845: 13686: 13548: 13115: 12992: 11253: 10914: 10812: 10659: 10577: 9836: 9812: 9443: 9409: 9167:, developed, that returned to the 19th century's emphasis on melodrama and naturalism. 9120: 8697: 8574: 8153: 7824: 7289: 6180: 6085: 5602: 5544: 5509: 5474: 5422: 5403: 5374: 5351: 5302: 5277: 5233: 4858: 4825: 4588: 4583: 4515: 4448: 4135: 4112: 3980: 3791: 3437: 3180: 3080: 2140: 1845: 1841: 1606: 782:, wax (a very common material for models for casting, and receiving the impressions of 393:, a representation of a person from the chest up. Small forms of sculpture include the 303:

A distinction exists between sculpture "in the round", free-standing sculpture such as

82: 71: 67: 13344:

Sobania, Neal W. (2012). "Lalibela", in Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Gates, Henry Louis Jr.,

13329:

Sobania, Neal W. (2012), "Lalibela", in Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Gates, Henry Louis Jr.,

12846: 8987: 7748:

in the 12th century, but they were more likely crafted in the 15th century during the

6754: 5155: 4257: 1948:

is an unusually elaborate and relatively large (20 x 15 inches, 50 x 37 cm)

15007: 14985: 14913: 14654: 14468: 14387: 14318: 14225: 13973: 13965: 13955: 13899: 13589: 13543: 13378: 13364: 13349: 13334: 13320: 13303: 13289: 13275: 13257: 13231: 13217: 13203: 13186: 13171: 13154: 13140: 13123: 13106: 13092: 13078: 13063: 13049: 13032: 13014: 13011:

Guardians of the Tradition: Historians and Historical Writing in Ethiopia and Eritrea

13000: 12983: 12969: 12955: 12940: 12926: 12909: 12892: 12734: 12715: 12661: 12353: 11779: 11748: 11473: 11453: 11427: 11403: 11335: 11306: 11239: 11039: 10923: 10720: 10647: 10631: 10168: 10164: 10157: 10116: 9696: 9584: 9475: 9435: 9191: 9164: 9160: 9128: 8979: 8910: 8702: 8566: 8196: 8087: 8041: 7749: 7324: 6995: 6592: 6481: 6187:

class virtually ruled Japan for the first time. Jocho's successors, sculptors of the

5739: 5703:. The tradition of unusually large pottery figures persisted in China, through Tang 5478: 5258: 5147: 5028: 5009: 4944: 4880:

s of Michelangelo and Donatello. Originally a goldsmith, his famous gold and enamel

4863: 4853: 4705: 4606: 4511: 4490: 4482: 4210: 4011: 3899: 3734: 3456: 3441: 3313: 3142: 2992: 2683: 2086: 1854: 1754: 1567: 1551: 1524: 1474: 1425: 1396: 1329: 1305: 1226: 918: 619: 615: 504: 437: 413: 386: 367: 212: 38: 12817: 11911:

Kitzinger, 9 (both quotes), more generally his Ch 1; Strong, 250–57, 264–66, 272–80.

11334:

Burford, Alison, "Greece, ancient, §IV, 1: Monumental sculpture: Overview, 5 c)" in

9871: 9375:, leading, with interest in historic pottery from around the world, to a revival of 8540:

2000, many of the new public pieces in the United States were figurative in design.

6834: 5393:, which developed over a period of close to 1000 years in Central Asia, between the 3232:

and small figurines were produced in great quantity and often considerable quality.

3179:

with continuous narrative reliefs winding around them, of which those commemorating

3121:

lid propped up on one elbow in the pose of a diner in that period. As the expanding

1473:, which was located in Europe and southwest Asia and active at the beginning of the 14887: 14689: 14684: 14674: 14473: 14343: 14028: 13671: 13609: 13538: 13508: 13498: 10958: 10893: 10861: 10842: 10807: 10787: 10782: 10763: 10699: 10676: 10548: 10299: 10259: 10248: 10172: 10111: 10068: 10024: 9912: 9893: 9723: 9588: 9560: 9556: 9529: 9513: 9463: 9459: 9348: 9296: 9227: 9207: 9136: 9116: 9053: 9045: 8789: 8656: 8652: 8570: 8485: 7872: 7844: 7793: 7737: 7713: 7513: 7238: 6210:

Almost all subsequent significant large sculpture in Japan was Buddhist, with some

5731: 5630: 5612:, in 1963 and in 2008 after they were dynamited and destroyed in March 2001 by the 5114: 5090: 5074: 4891:, often mythological subjects with nudes, were a popular Renaissance form at which 4841: 4818: 4578: 4452: 4206: 4023: 3878: 3724: 3625: 3570: 3546: 3365: 3279: 3168: 3043: 2828: 2780: 2717: 2707: 2600: 2583: 2454: 2413: 2401: 2377: 2023: 1919: 1699: 1364: 1353: 1089: 1075: 1024: 1015: 973: 877: 837: 825: 704: 650: 607: 445: 429: 390: 296: 272: 250: 242: 176: 13442:

Current research on polychromy on ancient sculpture at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek

10211:

or 'earth art' environmental scale sculpture works exemplified by artists such as

9250: 9232: 9203: 9085: 8781: 8767: 7524: 6127: 3895: 15045: 14855: 14823: 14717: 14694: 14409: 14165: 14050: 13948: 13859: 13416: 13163: 13041: 12871: 12852: 12686: 12601: 12568: 12329: 12301: 12016: 11279: 11128: 11061: 11034: 11011: 10989: 10668: 10639: 10623: 10596: 10573: 10275: 10267: 10212: 10176: 10046: 9983: 9943: 9635: 9623: 9537: 9521: 9496: 9431: 9328: 9236: 9211: 9140: 9105: 9002: 8683: 8578: 8556: 8481: 7999: 7995: 7927: 7884: 7880: 7866: 7808: 7777: 7491: 7277: 7021: 6846: 6668: 6557: 6525: 6172: 5823: 5797: 5692: 5486: 5328: 5129: 4687: 4652: 4158: 4007: 3996: 3941: 3831: 3783: 3669: 3649: 3597: 3566: 3534: 3384: 3338: 3262: 3130: 3126: 3109:

Early Roman art was influenced by the art of Greece and that of the neighbouring

3070: 3054:–140 CE. Roman copy after a Greek bronze original of 330–320 BCE. Vatican Museums 3016: 2806: 2784: 2775:

in 323 BCE, and ending either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by

2768: 2723: 2694:, active from about 465–425, who was in his own day more famous for his colossal 2525: 2512:

Mycenae, 1600−1500 BCE. Silver rhyton with gold horns and rosette on the forehead

2244: 2148: 2007: 1957: 1910: 1890: 1618: 1512: 1508: 1489: 1349: 1337: 1258: 1175: 1145: 962: 890: 512: 409: 405: 382: 234: 14254: 11054: 10613: 9655: 6248: 6123: 3075: 2854:, and increasingly being adopted by European elites, especially in Italy, where 2743: 2416:

as the clothed female equivalent, with elaborately dressed hair; both have the "

1590:, and represent the start of a more-or-less continuous tradition in the region. 1536: 187:(the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in 14709: 14699: 14596: 14478: 14313: 14036: 14002: 13640: 13604: 13563: 13195: 12641:

The Indian Contribution to Architectural Decoration in Spanish Colonial America

12144: 10866: 10663: 10472: 10305: 10252: 10216: 9807: 9788: 9611: 9568: 9396: 9392: 9324: 9199: 9179: 9124: 9109: 8896: 8833: 8675: 8624: 8561: 8552: 7699: 7536: 7348: 7297: 7193: 7116: 6007: 5941: 5458: 5386: 5378: 5364: 5225: 5221: 5199: 5082: 4888: 4556: 4067: 3858: 3850: 3741: 3716: 3706: 3654: 3258: 3217: 3204: 3122: 3024: 2836: 2811: 2792: 2776: 2748: 2650: 2634: 2421: 2405: 2271: 2260: 2188: 2116: 1987: 1977: 1493: 1309: 1254: 1044: 894: 845: 708: 683:, and are very important in most Eurasian traditions, where motifs such as the 642: 627: 623: 238: 161: 134: 8964: 5014: 4066:

became popular for the wealthy, and grand multi-level tombs evolved, with the

3990:) show an elegant but exaggerated columnar elongation, but those on the south 602:, most often in ceramics, are as popular today (though strangely neglected by 151: 105: 15070: 14848: 14737: 14727: 14649: 14488: 14483: 14382: 14158: 13928: 13874: 13835: 13767: 13757: 13518: 13438:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 488–517. 13423: 12901: 12019: 11117: 11078: 10837: 10797: 10792: 10728: 10651: 10533: 10463: 10428: 10337: 10333: 10315: 10291: 10279: 10240: 10236: 10220: 10192: 10184: 10133: 9998: 9979: 9828: 9677: 9592: 9525: 9517: 9505: 9471: 9455: 9423: 9388: 9384: 9380: 9355: 9282: 9215: 9195: 9101: 9097: 9093: 8954: 8869: 8846: 8755: 8508: 8435: 8074:

produced more monumental sculpture, from the massive block-like works of the

8055: 7991: 7900: 7879:

beginning around 2500 BCE to the monumental statuary and architecture of the

7876: 7851:, 15th century (traditionally believed to have been made during the reign of 7828: 7741: 7729: 7717: 7695: 7650: 7600: 7543: 7505: 7501: 7484:

art, which was inspired by their lack of concern for naturalistic depiction.

7403: 7332: 7138: 6881: 6701: 6553: 6429: 6302: 6176: 6140: 6057: 6037: 5827: 5759: 5755: 5696: 5665: 5430: 5402:. Greek foliage decoration was also influential, with Indian versions of the 5070: 4177: 4003: 3967: 3808: 3758: 3689: 3629: 3584: 3228:". For a much wider section of the population, moulded relief decoration of 3221: 3150:

or the later mausolea outside the city. The famous bronze head supposedly of

2980: 2885: 2855: 2816: 2655: 2417: 2039: 1945: 1941: 1886: 1858: 1409: 1333: 1117: 1093: 1039:

it is soft enough to be worked with hammers and other tools as well as cast;

958: 922: 898: 857: 853: 849: 841: 833: 817: 783: 676: 470: 328: 11875:

Henig, 73–82; Strong, 48–52, 80–83, 108–17, 128–32, 141–59, 177–82, 197–211.

11091: 9023: 8066:

in the south. In both areas, sculpture was initially of stone, and later of

7443: 6489:; these probably developed out of a tradition using wood that also embraced 5220:

exemplifies the penetrating portrait sculpture the style could produce, and

4559:

could not be ignored by subsequent sculptors. His iconic David (1504) has a

4099:, until they ran short of money, when they were melted down again for cash. 3159:

of provincial cities were the main visual form of imperial propaganda; even

2823:, possibly a 2nd-century marble original, is still larger and more complex, 287: 14732: 14414: 14338: 14148: 14128: 13807: 13599: 12322: 11848:'s prosecution details his depredations of art collections at great length. 11149: 10832: 10822: 10618: 10525: 10329: 10287: 10283: 10244: 10224: 10095: 9718: 9615: 9533: 9486: 9400: 9175: 9152: 8928: 8751: 8718: 8532: 8520: 8504: 8503:

after Europeans' arrival reflects the country's 18th-century foundation in

8381: 8293: 8212: 7666: 7368: 7320: 7051: 6705: 6683: 6577: 6521: 6506: 6444: 6203:

were famous, and they made many new Buddha statues at many temples such as

6158: 6081: 6061: 6017: 5984: 5980: 5965: 5945: 5883: 5735: 5727: 5723: 5669: 5638: 5505: 5450: 5446: 5323: 5298: 5237: 5229: 4906:, often of two intertwined figures, that were interesting from all angles. 4783: 4748: 4730: 4561: 4406: 4389: 4288: 4162: 4092: 4039: 3558: 3554: 3294: 3270: 3213: 3110: 3020: 2869: 2851: 2820: 2667: 2433: 2334: 2289: 2163: 2155:

was firmly established. These were put in tombs as a resting place for the

1417: 1357: 1262: 1217: 1163: 1155: 1141: 1121: 1079: 1007: 938: 806: 754:

are often used for small luxury works, and sometimes in larger ones, as in

547: 316: 276: 258: 180: 109: 13048:, Pelican History of Art, 4th ed 1970, Penguin (now Yale History of Art), 12865:

BBC: Barbara Hepworth sculpture stolen from Dulwich Park, 20 December 2011

11452:

Hahn, Joachim, "Prehistoric Europe, §II: Palaeolithic 3. Portable art" in

10090: 9447: 7432: 6340: 6094: 5433:, the interaction of Greek and Buddhist culture flourished in the area of 3510: 2366: 1440: 1245:

or plaster is applied to the wood, and then the paint is applied to that.

984: 15055: 14843: 14722: 14644: 14608: 14591: 14581: 14546: 14424: 14397: 14392: 14353: 14348: 14285: 14205: 14200: 14180: 14143: 14117: 13981: 13395: 13132: 10886: 10827: 10802: 10712: 10684: 10655: 10603:, stainless steel, 121.2 metres (398 feet), the world's tallest sculpture 10455: 10402: 10320: 10010: 9957: 9774: 9580: 9479: 9439: 9376: 9308: 9254: 9187: 9183: 9132: 8959: 8785: 8439: 8420: 8410: 8180: 8059: 7773: 7566: 7496: 7476: 7259:"the Buddha calling the earth to witness", The Buddha's hands are in the 6013: 6002: 5961: 5887: 5859: 5839: 5801: 5707:

tomb figures to later Buddhist statues such as the near life-size set of

5680: 5648: 5634: 5626: 5454: 5426: 5414: 5356: 5059: 4986: 4965: 4929: 4892: 4788: 4357: 4214: 3846: 3774: 3613: 3588: 3562: 3538: 3297: 3118: 2574: 2112: 2077: 1940:

in the 10th century BCE, Mesopotamian art survives in a number of forms:

1930: 1925: 1874: 1849: 1763: 1622: 1528: 1372: 1368: 1321: 1317: 1270: 1213:

Detail of Crucifixion of Jesus Christ, Spanish, wood and polychrome, 1793

1137: 1125: 1101: 1097: 988: 680: 646: 631: 551: 535: 425: 324: 292: 254: 246: 196: 172: 12874:. Example of theft of large bronze sculpture for the value of the metal. 9638:

bringing his painting's 'oversized figures' into monumental sculptures.

8850: 7875:, the development of sculpture stretches from the simple pottery of the 6098: 5216:

that arrived in the late 18th century gave great emphasis to sculpture.

1905:

of the deity, but very few of these have survived. Sculptures from the

147:

of tigress with two cubs, mid-19th-century Japan, ivory with shell inlay

14882: 14777: 14632: 14620: 14586: 14541: 14531: 14434: 14429: 14230: 14210: 14185: 13829: 13782: 13711: 13503: 10232: 10199:

led contemporary abstract sculpture in new directions. Artists created

9604: 9600: 9596: 9552: 9364: 9340: 9320: 9144: 8612: 8536: 8524: 8067: 7585: 7419: 7328: 7319:, culminating in the largest medieval Islamic animal figure known, the 7308: 7196: 6850: 6809: 6421: 6188: 6154: 6109: 5688: 5684: 5382: 4814: 4720: 4056: 3962: 3824: 3820: 3633: 3605: 3550: 3515: 3209: 3114: 3090: 2906: 2732: 2465:). Most Greek sculpture originally included at least some colour; the 2144: 2121: 2102: 1949: 1902: 1882: 1672: 1543: 1413: 1293: 1238: 1222: 1190: 902: 775: 603: 568: 564: 559: 543: 500: 441: 347:, upright slabs, usually of stone, often also containing inscriptions. 320: 312: 58: 13363:, 1995 (2nd ed), Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art), 10410: 9724:

Groupe de femmes (Groupe de trois femmes, Groupe de trois personnages)

7327:

such as dagger hilts and cups may be formed as animals, especially in

5738:

onwards, statuettes of religious and secular figures were produced in

2218:

Wooden tomb models, Dynasty XI; a high administrator counts his cattle

2151:

or tombs; by Dynasty IV (2680–2565 BCE) at the latest the idea of the

1416:

of sculpture for religious motives, from the Early Christians and the

14551: 14358: 14289: 14190: 13839: 13792: 13762: 13736: 13676: 13302:, 3rd ed. 1998, Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art), 11074: 10724: 10704: 10680: 10295: 10228: 10032: 9965: 9627: 9292: 9286: 9174:

Some of the modern classical became either more decorative/art deco (

8906: 8451: 8443: 8351: 8049: 8019: 7540: 7481: 7384: 7264: 7200: 7100: 7070: 6999: 6938: 6931: 6909: 6905: 6854: 6787: 6709: 6664: 6517: 6418: 6204: 6120: 5716: 5409:

The origins of Greco-Buddhist art are to be found in the Hellenistic

5110: 4837: 4809: 4670: 4636: 4527: 4523: 4464: 4080: 4063: 3621: 3600:

churches, probably of precious metal around a wooden frame, like the

3549:, as seen in the objects found in the 6th-century burial treasure at 3190: 3160: 3100: 3038: 2712: 2659: 2437: 2316: 2184: 2152: 2125: 1894: 1862: 1384: 1289: 1266: 1109:

gradually forms a sharpened point from the blunt end of a steel rod.

1032: 992: 966: 950: 946: 529: 492: 398: 373:

The very large or "colossal" statue has had an enduring appeal since

340: 204: 91: 13279: 9494:

for a huge 50-foot (15 m)-high public sculpture, the so-called

8484:. Aboriginal peoples also adapted church sculpture in variations on 3529:, Germany, the first great example of the revival of large sculpture 3244:

in the earlier full Greco-Roman style taken from elsewhere, and the

495:, the first portrait medal, a medium essentially made for collecting 448:. There is also a view that buildings are a type of sculpture, with 37:"Sculpting" redirects here. For sculpting in computer graphics, see 14782: 14679: 14419: 14404: 14375: 14328: 14215: 14195: 13772: 13533: 13523: 10716: 10672: 10208: 9856: 9607:

who added motion and monumentality to the theme of purity of line.

9491: 9344: 9304: 8842: 8620: 8516: 8475: 8254: 7848: 7733: 7547: 7352: 7316: 7074: 7025: 6713: 6549: 6490: 6473: 6452: 5904: 5831: 5588: 5560: 5442: 5434: 5390: 5368: 4921: 4896: 4867: 4769: 4734: 4691: 4656: 4238: 4047: 3991: 3838: 3770: 3609: 3592: 3475: 3471: 3402: 3398: 3380: 3376: 3334: 3156: 3094: 2788: 2690:) executed by a team led by the most famous ancient Greek sculptor 2687: 2429: 2389: 2203: 1778: 1571: 1478: 1405: 1325: 1194: 1182: 1132: 1063: 759: 684: 599: 524: 516: 433: 394: 241:, and Greece is widely seen as producing great masterpieces in the 12332:, Niigata Prefectural Museum of History, accessed August 15, 2012. 11399:

History of Humanity: Prehistory and the beginnings of civilization

10364:

1962, 6'8 x 6'8 x 6'8 (the height of a standard US door opening),

6321: 4273: 1804: 687:

and vine scroll have passed east and west for over two millennia.

370:, a term for small carvings in stone that can take detailed work. 14536: 14446: 14323: 14308: 14175: 14138: 13777: 13691: 13681: 11705: 11469:

Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective, Volume 1

10817: 10436: 10414: 10387:

1964, bismuth, chromium, gold, and rhodium on gold-plated brass;

10263: 9467: 9462:

and by the 1940s abstract sculpture was impacted and expanded by

9372: 9368: 9360: 9336: 9316: 8528: 8466: 8462: 8389: 7955: 7951: 7923: 7705: 7681: 7517: 7448: 7415: 7312: 7146: 6877: 6801: 6648: 6448: 6425: 6371: 6220: 6184: 6157:

is said to be one of the greatest Buddhist sculptors not only in

5999: 5730:. These were mostly originally painted. In notable contrast to 5651: 5613: 5580: 5461:, and ultimately the sculpted figure in China, Korea, and Japan. 5045: 4373: 4296: 4027: 3918: 3854: 3842: 3578: 3526: 3241: 3135: 2850:

was dominant in the courts of most of the Near East, and some of

2691: 2626: 2442: 2168: 2132: 2065: 1991: 1827: 1676: 1649: 1614: 1429: 1388: 1313: 1230: 1186: 1105: 1085: 1067: 1050: 1020: 1011: 821: 810: 802: 779: 352: 336: 223: 216: 208: 184: 144: 86: 13443: 13427: 12982:, 2010, British Museum Press (British Museum objects in focus), 9270: 7709: 6270: 6131: 1807: 1412:

also do not approve of religious sculpture. There has been much

444:. A collection of sculpture in a garden setting can be called a 14504: 14456: 14451: 14370: 14170: 13797: 13731: 13726: 13716: 13650: 13614: 13568: 13513: 13409: 11845: 11841: 11778:

Alexander The Great and the Hellenistic Age, p. xiii. Green P.

10881: 10732: 9186:) or more abstractly stylized or more expressive (and Gothic) ( 8914: 8882: 8878: 8854: 8794: 8768:

19th–early 20th century, early Modernism and continuing realism

8406: 8359: 8216: 8083: 8079: 7959: 7915: 7411: 7301: 7168: 7066: 6991: 6934: 6839: 6776: 6745: 6625: 6530: 6486: 6286: 6211: 6200: 6196: 6164: 6135: 5924: 5875: 5704: 5584: 5540: 5399: 5173: 5086: 4996: 4918: 4508: 4477:, as well as reliefs. A leading figure in the later period was 4421: 4071: 3816: 2996: 2965: 2675: 2630: 2579: 2558: 2554: 2462: 2458: 2450: 2409: 2301: 2285: 1583: 1575: 1036: 1003: 954: 816:

Many sculptors seek new ways and materials to make art. One of

787: 743: 735: 731: 654: 611: 591: 520: 308: 304: 262: 14086: 13122:, 3rd ed. 1981, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art, 13077:, 2nd ed. 1994, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art, 10908: 7546:

appear to have had a special significance and were mounted on

4451:

in 1403, from which the trial models submitted by the winner,

3269:

This revolution in style shortly preceded the period in which

3240:

of 315 in Rome, which combines sections in the new style with

1936:

From the many subsequent periods before the ascendency of the

1527:

of about 13,000 years ago is one of the finest of a number of

1031:

is the softest and most precious metal, and very important in

14365: 14153: 13802: 13787: 13752: 13701: 13645: 13573: 12478: 12476: 10739: 10711:

Sculptures are sensitive to environmental conditions such as

9159:, who co-opted the work of earlier artists such as Kolbe and 9073: 8933: 8455: 8355: 8111: 8091: 8075: 7919: 7488: 7472: 7437: 7285: 7222: 7172: 7142: 6866: 6729: 6621: 6600: 6545: 6534: 6477: 6355: 6336: 6207:, where many Buddha statues had been lost in wars and fires. 6192: 6113: 5835: 5643: 5482: 5282: 4519: 4500: 3835: 3692: 3493: 2888:, very rare bronze figures recovered from the sea, c. 460–430 2864: 2840: 2551: 2446: 2293: 1953: 1906: 1400: 1341: 1285: 1242: 1151: 1059: 930: 829: 798: 771: 767: 751: 738:

less durable but cheaper options. Precious materials such as

723: 700: 668: 638: 460: 363: 344: 192: 188: 53: 13448: 13419:, a charity dedicated to commissioning monumental sculpture. 7708:

can be traced back to its ancient past with the kingdoms of

7539:

left more impressive buildings than sculpture but the eight

6853:

and elsewhere, the enormous 9th-century Buddhist complex at

4034:

of 1301. Another revival of classical style is seen in the

1964:

is an early example of the inscribed type, and the Assyrian

1469:

The earliest undisputed examples of sculpture belong to the

1308:, this has affected the status of sculpture itself. Even in 13905: 13721: 13706: 13696: 13666: 13635: 10871: 10630:

Some modern sculpture forms are now practiced outdoors, as

8063: 7931: 7407: 6862: 6858: 6697: 6497: 6216: 4425: 3164: 2338: 2297: 1974:

large schemes of very finely detailed narrative low reliefs

1898: 1878: 1511:

is small portable sculptures, with a small group of female

1071: 1028: 942: 934: 926: 791: 747: 739: 692: 465: 200: 130: 12700:

Taking Positions: Figurative Sculpture and the Third Reich

12473: 5528:, who reigned circa 200–180 BCE and invaded Northern India 1710:

BP, an Upper Palaeolithic carving, Bordeaux museum, France

852:, is deliberately short-lived. Recent sculptors have used 78: 14133: 9563:

by a large variety of sculptors, the large-scale work of

7604: 7581: 7550:. Modern Zimbabwean sculptors in soapstone have achieved 7509: 7504:, and very fine naturalistic royal heads from around the 5879: 3749:

over church doors in the 12th century, and the inhabited

1976:

in stone for palaces, with scenes of war or hunting; the

1610: 763: 726:

male worshipper, alabaster with shell eyes, 2750–2600 BCE

511:. The actual cult images in the innermost sanctuaries of 11000: 10998: 10658:

are sculptures that are designed to move, which include

4530:

were another new small form of sculpture in cast metal.

2747:

The Pergamene style of the Hellenistic period, from the

13404: 13060:

Nubian Pharaohs and Meroitic Kings: The Kingdom of Kush

11273:

V&A Museum, Sculpture techniques: modelling in clay

7625:

Sculpture of a 'Queen Mother' from Benin, 16th century.

4514:

specializing in young women in meditative poses, while

3612:, which was evidently the commonest type of sculpture; 2561:, 570–560 BCE, the figure 222 cm (87 in) high 1914: 10258:

Also during the 1960s and 1970s artists as diverse as

7535:

death and the ancestral world. The culture known from

7512:

in terracotta and metal from the 12th–14th centuries.

6301:

Kongo Rishiki (Guardian Deity) at the Central Gate of

3379:), It was found in the so-called Otricoli basilica in 1582:

from around 7200 and 6500 BCE. These are from modern

1504:, the oldest known uncontested examples of sculpture. 1488:

found in the Hohlenstein Stadel area of Germany is an

12547: 12545: 11983:

Olson, 11–24; Honour and Fleming, 304; Henderson, 41.

11358:"Jewish virtual library, History of Jewish sculpture" 10995: 10294:

explored abstraction, imagery and figuration through

7720:

was established in Ethiopia with the conversion from

1881:, saw the production of sophisticated works like the 1010:

are the oldest and still the most popular metals for

949:, and a general term for an object made in this way. 893:

is an ancient activity where pieces of rough natural

828:

and other modernists made spectacular use of painted

12526: 12524: 11395: 10904: 10743:

metal, a tiny fraction of the value of the artwork.

8938:, partially glazed stoneware, 75 x 19 x 27 cm, 7974:

Column and elephant - part of the temple complex in

7847:

carved into the wall of the Church of Bet Golgotha,

7281:

Ivory with traces of paint, 11th–12th century, Egypt

5345: 2010:, 3rd millennium BCE, 3.25 inches (8.3 cm) high 1766:

period, found at Montastruc, Tarn et Garonne, France

1762:

13,000 BP, female and male swimming reindeer – late

13274:, 3rd ed. 1971, Penguin (now Yale History of Art), 13075:

The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent

12533: 9540:came to characterize the look of modern sculpture. 5742:and other media, which became an important export. 5417:, from which Hellenistic culture radiated into the 4995:, 1583, Florence, Italy, 13' 6" (4.1 m) high, 2599:Late Archaic warrior from the east pediment of the 452:describing architecture as "inhabited sculpture". 12621:, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, Publisher, 1969. 12542: 11974:Honour and Fleming, 297–300; Henderson, 55, 82–84. 9878:, 1932, World War I memorial (for her son Peter), 7054:from Agusan del Sur, Philippines, 9th-10th century 5052:the dominating figure of the age in works such as 2319:provided a physical place for the ka to manifest. 1477:. As well as producing some of the earliest known 385:. Another grand form of portrait sculpture is the 14284: 13298:Smith, W. Stevenson, and Simpson, William Kelly. 12954:, University of California/British Museum, 1991, 12731:The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists 12521: 11840:Henig, 66–69; Strong, 36–39, 48; At the trial of 11150:"Flash animation of the lost-wax casting process" 10435:1987, 55 ft high free standing sculpture of 9641: 8473:in Montreal, Quebec, which was carved by peasant 8038:Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas 5672:come from a period of over a thousand years from 3841:, with complex carving including many figures of 1257:. Well known creators of soft sculptures include 1237:wood is often technically described as "wood and 813:, house paint, aerosol, enamel and sandblasting. 15068: 13333:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 462, 12619:A History of Latin American Art and architecture 12403: 12401: 11303:Women's work: from feminine arts to feminist art 11291:Rawson, 140–44; Frankfort 112–13; Henig, 179–80. 9567:, and environmental installation scale works by 7728:in the 4th century CE, during the reign of king 7471:settled cultivators in the areas drained by the 6090:List of National Treasures of Japan (sculptures) 4473:in marble (1408–09) and bronze (1440s), and his 3874:Baptismal font at St Bartholomew's Church, Liège 3565:. Following the continuing Byzantine tradition, 2872:and cameos, jewellery, and gold and silverware. 2337:of Pa-Ankh-Ra, ship master, bearing a statue of 2120:before 2,780 BCE, and with the exception of the 574:Some undoubtedly advanced cultures, such as the 519:, where the very simple and ancient form of the 14762:Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America 13247: 12192:Boardman, 370–78; Sickman, 85–90; Paine, 29–30. 7263:(subduing Māra) position. Ho Phra Kaeo temple, 6635:or perhaps earlier, with densely packed reliefs 6032:Blue underglaze statue of a man with his pipe, 5679:, and have exerted a continuing influence over 3569:revived ivory carving, often in panels for the 3483: 909:, by incising, pecking, carving, and abrading. 381:at 182 m (597 ft) is the 2018 Indian 183:. Durable sculptural processes originally used 44:"Sculptor" redirects here. For other uses, see 13046:The Art and Architecture of the Ancient Orient 11920:Strong, 287–91, 305–08, 315–18; Henig, 234–40. 11021: 11019: 8269:Ahkal Mo' Naab III Of Palenque, 8th century CE 8058:developed in two separate and distinct areas, 7237:Phra Achana, Wat Si Chum, Big Buddha image in 6872:In Thailand and Laos, sculpture was mainly of 6225: 5048:style was perfectly suited to sculpture, with 3788:Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral 3019:), perhaps a copy, between 200 BCE and 20 CE, 2921:Two elegant ladies, pottery figurines, 350–300 1917:(c. 2650 BCE), including the two figures of a 1158:is all but unique. There are various ways of 14270: 14102: 13464: 12608:(New York University). Accessed May 28, 2018. 12398: 11465: 9115:Early masters of modern classicism included: 8706:, 1895, cast 1918. Metropolitan Museum of Art 7990:Traces of paint on a relief depicting Prince 6812:, densely packed with rows of painted statues 5886:(4th century BCE – 109 BCE) tradition of the 2809:, a late example, and the bronze original of 1980:has an outstanding collection, including the 1531:carvings in bone or antler of animals in the 1399:has never accepted monumental sculpture, and 1280: 13256:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 13185:, 1992, Thames & Hudson (World of Art), 13013:. Rochester: University of Rochester Press. 12891:, 1998, Thames & Hudson (World of Art), 12606:Institute for the Study of the Ancient World 6744:Typical medieval frontal standing statue of 5477:leaves, in purely Hellenistic style, inside 4932:, who painted the oval inset, 1530s or 1540s 3975:The Gothic period is essentially defined by 3672:ivory panel, probably meant for a book-cover 3167:, though far smaller than the 30-metre-high 786:and engraved gems), and cast metals such as 618:were a major industry, or in East Asian and 13212:Piotrovsky, M. B., and J. M. Rogers (eds), 12753:Sculpture for display at Udvar-Hazy Center 11456:, accessed August 24, 2012; Sandars, 37–40. 11142: 11016: 9371:. In later years Picasso became a prolific 9263:, 1984 (based on a smaller model of 1938), 8762: 8168:Chalchiuhtlicue from Teotihuacán 200–500 CE 7704:The creation of sculptures in Ethiopia and 5683:. They are cast with complex patterned and 4467:develop with seminal statues including his 4089:elaborate caskets with scenes from Romances 3436:, showing the new anti-classical style, in 3188: 3098: 2799:(another of the Seven Wonders), the famous 1496:ivory. It has been dated to about 35–40,000 1379: 1221:world, so that we have little idea how the 836:and other plastics have been used as well. 714: 645:shows a ruler of the 32nd century BCE, and 27:Artworks that are three-dimensional objects 14277: 14263: 14109: 14095: 13471: 13457: 12939:. Chalfont St Peter: Bradt Travel Guides. 11772: 11258:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 11038:, p. 9, Cambridge University Press, 1981, 10009:, Berlin, Germany, Rickey is considered a 9243:1927, bronze, no. 5 from an edition of 7, 8682:to commemorate the lives lost in the 1804 8494:Skookumchuck Hot Springs, British Columbia 7569:terracotta, 6th century BCE–6th century CE 7383:Part of a 15th-century ceramic panel from 3059: 2771:is conventionally dated from the death of 2763:were very popular as ornaments in the home 1043:are among the techniques used in gold and 864:have been appreciated for many centuries. 13300:The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt 10128: 8215:in the shape of a "bat god" or a jaguar, 8195:Teotihuacan- Detail of the Temple of the 7371:, 107 cm high, probably 11th century 5095:Austrian and Bavarian pilgrimage churches 734:, stone and pottery, with wood, bone and 13422: 12461:Piotrovsky and Rogers, 23, 26–27, 33–37. 12416:Harle, 87; his Part 2 covers the period. 11233: 10698: 10650:also often make use of the environment. 10612: 10155:(1997) sculpture by Dennis Oppenheim at 10147: 10132: 9269: 9249: 9231: 8405: 8380: 7461:. Female (left) and male Vertical styles 7442: 7431: 7276: 6833: 6412: 6093: 5928:glaze pottery, horse and groom (618–907) 5826:, unearthed at the site of Nalinggaotu, 5642: 5355: 5194: 5013: 4813: 4401: 4384: 4085:single figures, especially of the Virgin 3966: 3723: 3710: 3509: 3487: 3089: 3074: 2754: 2742: 2649: 2365: 2076: 1853: 1439: 1284: 1208: 1131: 1116: 983: 921:is the carving for artistic purposes of 871: 718: 476: 459: 455: 286: 150: 139: 104: 77: 52: 13214:Heaven on Earth: Art from Islamic Lands 13202:, 2007 (2nd ed), British Museum Press, 12749:National Air and Space Museum Receives 12288: 12286: 11686:from the original on September 24, 2017 11424:Ice Age art: arrival of the modern mind 11156:from the original on September 14, 2010 9769:, 1912, white marble; limestone block, 8430:–80, Bronze, partly tinted, with cotton 8281:Upakal K'inich 8th century CE, Palenque 7689: 7292:, so the vast majority of sculpture is 6552:, with the massive granite carvings of 6518:"classical" period for Indian sculpture 6374:in the form of a dog, late 18th century 5473:Gandhara frieze with devotees, holding 4010:developed a style that is often called 2783:in 31 BCE, which also marks the end of 2380:, 5th century BCE, close up head detail 2345:, c. 650–633 BCE, Cabinet des Médailles 1328:onwards in Italy, with figures such as 880:, based on analysis of pigment traces, 14: 15069: 13200:The British Museum Book of Chinese Art 12702:, Henry Moore Institute, London, 2002. 12258: 12254: 12252: 11300: 11182:. Bureau of Energy Efficiency, India. 10608: 9363:in two-dimensional art. The advent of 9354:In the beginning of the 20th century, 8465:style, producing enormously elaborate 6394: 4334:Section of a panelled altarpiece with 3412:, in the late imperial "baroque" style 3316:", dated to the 3rd or 1st century BCE 2819:was also a copy. The group called the 1865:and eagles, Uruk Period, 4100–3000 BCE 1835: 1826:, perhaps 1800–1500 BCE; this side is 1523:BP) found across central Europe. The 1459: 14258: 14090: 13452: 13062:. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. 13031:, 1982, Manchester University Press, 12780:from the original on February 5, 2017 12261:"Design Systems in Early Chinese Art" 11716:from the original on December 9, 2017 11215:from the original on November 4, 2015 11189:from the original on February 7, 2016 10389:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden 10160:, Plaça de la Porta de Santa Catalina 9940:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden 9202:)—or turned more to the Renaissance ( 6580:, 3rd or 2nd millennium BCE (replica) 6273:with "snow-goggle" eyes, 1000–400 BCE 6149:Guardian Kings of the Four Directions 5003: 4887:Small bronze figures for collector's 4493:designed an equine sculpture in 1482 3819:are other substantial survivals. The 2633:, 2nd quarter of the 5th century BCE 1646:Adorant from the Geißenklösterle cave 539:probably had religious significance. 343:. Relief sculpture may also decorate 13882:Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius 13118:, in: Paine, R. T., & A. Soper, 12647:, June 1948, Volume XXX, Number two. 12283: 12022:feature on the Nottingham alabaster 11174: 11098:from the original on August 28, 2008 10638:, often in full view of spectators. 10298:, environment, light sculpture, and 9634:in a classic articulated style, and 9092:)—or a kind of stately grandiosity ( 6806:Thillai Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram 6437:sculpture in the Indian subcontinent 5453:, strongly affecting the art of the 5421:with the establishment of the small 4848:in Florence, next to Michelangelo's 4062:Life-size tomb effigies in stone or 3187:(by 193) survive in Rome, where the 2654:High Classical high relief from the 1578:comes from about 9,000 BCE, and the 1561: 1058:after mixing of components (such as 1019:especially when compared to various 440:. Sculpture is an important form of 13348:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 12999:, Penguin, 1986 (reprint of 1972), 12923:The Oxford History of Classical Art 12906:Artistic Theory in Italy, 1450–1660 12660:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 12249: 11364:from the original on August 5, 2014 11236:The Sculpture Reference Illustrated 11209:"British Museum – The Lycurgus Cup" 11168: 6869:, and many large guardian figures. 6443:(3300–1700 BCE), found in sites at 4828:life-size bronze, made in 1593 for 4439:Sculpture in the Renaissance Period 4260:, 1350–1370; the ladies are losing. 3938:Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela 3375:, (reworked from a bust of emperor 3352:Tomb relief of the Decii, 98–117 CE 820:'s most famous sculptures included 257:produced famous sculptures such as 24: 14861:Index of painting-related articles 13029:Anglo-Saxon Art, A New Perspective 12147:; see index for Bernini generally. 11025:See for example Martin Robertson, 10171:works are represented by artists: 7637:16th-century ivory mask from Benin 7552:considerable international success 6829: 5654:, wood and pigment, 11th century, 5413:(250–130 BCE), located in today's 4526:also often depicted women; relief 3800:brass font of 1108–17 now in Liège 3064: 2703:Seven Wonders of the Ancient World 2500:, 41.5 cm (16.3 in) high 2388:developed in the Early Bronze Age 917:, which is attached to buildings. 70:work of the late 3rd century BCE, 25: 15103: 13389: 13288:, Berlin: Sternberg Press, 2013, 13120:The Art and Architecture of Japan 12824:from the original on July 8, 2012 12595:Nubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa 12470:Piotrovsky and Rogers, 23, 33–37. 12044:Cherry, 25–48; Henderson, 134–41. 11884:Henig, Chapter 6; Strong, 303–15. 11665:Cook, 72, 85–109; Boardman, 47–59 10949:List of most expensive sculptures 10471: 9962:Three Piece Reclining figure No.1 9011:, 1905 cast of the second version 7387:with white calligraphy on a blue 7103:sculpture from Lanao, Philippines 6405:List of rock-cut temples in India 5377:is the artistic manifestation of 5346:Greco-Buddhist sculpture and Asia 2846:After the conquests of Alexander 2658:, which originally decorated the 2355: 2292:pillar in the middle, flanked by 1810:figure, 1st millennium BCE, Japan 1320:artists such as the 12th-century 1248: 961:are small carved gems, including 14066: 14065: 13252:European sculpture and metalwork 13058:Harkless, Necia Desiree (2006). 12858: 12836: 12810: 12792: 12758: 12743: 12724: 12705: 12692: 12671: 12650: 12633: 12624: 12611: 12587: 12578: 12554: 12512: 12503: 12494: 12485: 12464: 12455: 12446: 12437: 12428: 12419: 12410: 12389: 12380: 12371: 12359: 12344: 12335: 12316: 12240: 11472:. Cengage Learning. p. 36. 10907: 10588: 10562: 10541: 10518: 10499: 10480: 10448: 10421: 10395: 10373: 10350: 10104: 10083: 10061: 10039: 10017: 9991: 9972: 9950: 9924: 9905: 9886: 9864: 9844: 9821: 9800: 9781: 9755: 9732: 9711: 9689: 9670: 9648: 9104:, as are his students including 9061: 9038: 9016: 8995: 8972: 8947: 8921: 8889: 8862: 8825: 8801: 8774: 8734: 8711: 8690: 8663: 8635: 8605: 8586: 8545: 8374: 8354:, red and white mosaic on wood, 8338: 8316: 8301: 8286: 8274: 8262: 8243: 8224: 8204: 8188: 8173: 8161: 8146: 8131: 8119: 8104: 8097: 8007: 7983: 7967: 7943: 7907: 7892: 7836: 7816: 7800: 7785: 7765: 7754:Church of Saint George, Lalibela 7674: 7658: 7642: 7630: 7618: 7593: 7574: 7559: 7396: 7376: 7360: 7340: 7252: 7230: 7214: 7186: 7160: 7130: 7108: 7089: 7059: 7040: 7013: 6979: 6953: 6924: 6897: 6817: 6794: 6768: 6753: 6737: 6721: 6690: 6675: 6656: 6640: 6614: 6585: 6565: 6386:Eagle by Suzuki Chokichi, 1892, 6379: 6363: 6348: 6328: 6309: 6294: 6278: 6263: 6247:'Flame-style' vessel, Neolithic 6240: 6045: 6025: 5992: 5973: 5953: 5933: 5912: 5894: 5867: 5851: 5815: 5789: 5767: 5747: 5595: 5572: 5552: 5543:Buddha head, once painted, from 5533: 5517: 5497: 5466: 5395:conquests of Alexander the Great 5361:One of the first representations 5316: 5291: 5270: 5245: 5184: 5162: 5140: 5121: 5102: 4979: 4958: 4937: 4911: 4776: 4741: 4713: 4698: 4663: 4629: 4599: 4571: 4475:Equestrian statue of Gattamelata 4349: 4327: 4307: 4281: 4265: 4246: 4222: 4198: 4170: 4150: 4127: 4104: 3926: 3907: 3887: 3866: 3677: 3661: 3641: 3581:heads and other small fittings. 3448: 3417: 3391: 3357: 3345: 3321: 3305: 3287: 3146:the large family tombs like the 3031: 3003: 2972: 2944: 2926: 2914: 2893: 2877: 2614: 2592: 2566: 2543: 2517: 2505: 2486: 2474: 2327: 2308: 2278: 2251: 2223: 2211: 2196: 2177: 2072: 2051: 2031: 2015: 1999: 1966:Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III 1929:and a bull's head on one of the 1815: 1796: 1771: 1746: 1715: 1692: 1665: 1638: 1595: 319:, and sometimes an intermediate 237:tradition of sculpture began in 14116: 13908:, Easter Islands (1250–1500 CE) 13346:Dictionary of African Biography 13331:Dictionary of African Biography 12908:, OUP, 1940 (refs to 1985 ed), 12842:"Art Army by Michael Leavitt", 12712:Visual arts in the 20th century 12294:"Shaanxi History Museum notice" 12231: 12222: 12213: 12204: 12195: 12186: 12183:Boardman, 370–78; Harle, 71–84. 12177: 12168: 12159: 12150: 12137: 12128: 12119: 12110: 12101: 12092: 12083: 12074: 12065: 12056: 12047: 12038: 12029: 12004: 11995: 11986: 11977: 11968: 11959: 11950: 11941: 11932: 11923: 11914: 11905: 11896: 11887: 11878: 11869: 11860: 11851: 11834: 11825: 11816: 11807: 11798: 11789: 11763: 11754: 11737: 11728: 11698: 11668: 11659: 11655:images of Getty Villa 85.AA.103 11648: 11639: 11630: 11621: 11612: 11603: 11594: 11585: 11576: 11567: 11558: 11549: 11540: 11531: 11522: 11513: 11504: 11495: 11486: 11459: 11446: 11437: 11416: 11389: 11376: 11350: 11341: 11328: 11319: 11294: 11285: 11266: 11227: 11201: 10694: 10582:Light Art Biennale Austria 2010 9767:Portrait of Mademoiselle Pogany 8727:Smithsonian American Art Museum 8515:of architecture and design and 8416:Little Dancer of Fourteen Years 8126:Olmec Jadeite Mask 1000–600 BCE 8027: 7588:, probably 12–14th centuries CE 5762:(13th century–10th century BCE) 5044:were a Baroque speciality. The 4950:Perseus with the head of Medusa 4873:Perseus with the head of Medusa 4213:, the first of this kind since 3097:state Greco-Roman style on the 3083:, CE 113, with scenes from the 2384:The first distinctive style of 1424:to the 2001 destruction of the 1204: 1185:of ephemeral materials such as 203:and other materials but, since 14044:Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue 13957:Liberty Enlightening the World 13377:, 2009, British Museum Press, 13230:, 2008, British Museum Press, 12679:Rodin to Now: Modern Sculpture 12452:Honour & Fleming, 196–200. 11734:Cook, 109–19; Boardman, 87–95. 11133: 11110: 11084: 11067: 11048: 11028:A shorter history of Greek art 10976: 10849: 10251:among others were pioneers of 10051:Atmosphere and Environment XII 9642:Gallery of modernist sculpture 8680:Sitka National Historical Park 8501:sculpture in the United States 8296:type figure (Mayan) 650–800 CE 8034:Sculpture of the United States 7994:smiting his enemies, from the 6965:Maitum anthropomorphic pottery 6168:(Buddhist sculptor) in Japan. 5796:Lifesize calvalryman from the 5695:was assembled for the tomb of 5040:(Rome, 1651), or those in the 4836:As in painting, early Italian 4380: 3163:had a near-colossal statue of 2902:Hermes and the Infant Dionysos 2738: 1500:BP, making it, along with the 1492:lion-human figure carved from 1367:artists such as Michelangelo, 1176:Pottery § Shaping methods 482:Medal of John VIII Palaeologus 13: 1: 13478: 13375:Masterpieces of Classical Art 13183:Italian Renaissance Sculpture 12880: 12689:, Palm Springs Desert Museum. 12630:Honour & Fleming, 553–56. 12509:De Lorenzi (2015), pp. 15–16. 12500:Honour & Fleming, 556–61. 12491:Honour & Fleming, 559–61. 11844:, former governor of Sicily, 11822:Strong, 58–63; Hennig, 66–69. 11396:de Laet, Sigfried J. (1994). 11386:, vol. 15 (2006), pp. 167–82. 11238:. Gulfport, MS. p. 179. 10554:Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial 10530:Turning the World Upside Down 10343: 10205:land art in the American West 9265:Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge 9245:National Gallery of Australia 8519:characterized by the work of 8424: 8397: 8363: 8328: 7936:Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt 7756:, one of several examples of 7653:, 16th–18th century, Nigeria. 7608: 7451: 7242: 7204: 7176: 7150: 7120: 7078: 7069:from Prasat Rup Arak, Kulen, 7029: 7003: 6968: 6942: 6913: 6861:, and the Hindu monuments of 6780: 6629: 6604: 6538: 6510: 6480:from 270 to 232 BCE, and the 6466: 6252: 6223:in many materials, and metal 6102: 6065: 5858:Tomb figure of dancing girl, 5805: 5779: 5709:Yixian glazed pottery luohans 5673: 5606: 5306: 5205:Psyche Revived by Love's Kiss 4830:Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor 4793: 4758: 4680: 4645: 4614: 4443:Italian Renaissance sculpture 4428:on the left and right of his 4414: 4192:Pulpit in the Pisa Baptistery 4139: 4116: 4020:Pulpit in the Pisa Baptistery 3984: 3945: 3700: 3632:of Scotland and possibly the 3557:and the hybrid Christian and 3519: 3501: 3464: 3430: 3406: 3369: 3251: 3134:in conquests such as that of 3048: 2985: 2958: 2711:(438), the cult image of the 2604: 2529: 2494: 2467:Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek Museum 2408:from around 650 BCE that the 2264: 2234: 1861:with its impression on clay; 1786: 1078:, plaster mould casting, and 881: 649:, where we have 27 surviving 485: 327:is a technique restricted to 119: 95: 14800:Museum collection management 14723:Art history (academic study) 14602:alternative exhibition space 13853:Winged Victory of Samothrace 13228:Masterpieces of Medieval Art 12952:Coins; Interpreting the Past 12584:Harkless (2006), pp. 174–75. 12062:Olson, 45–52, and see index. 11152:. James Peniston Sculpture. 10494:1991 Tate Liverpool, England 9664:Musée National d'Art Moderne 9571:. Other Minimalists include 9403:" (French: objet trouvé) or 9295:sculpture movements include 9221: 8600:, 1884–1897, plaster version 8507:republican civic values and 8488:; one famous example is the 8082:cultures, to the superb low 6967:from Sarangani, Philippines 6119:Towards the end of the long 5301:, Memorial in the church at 5085:was only completed in 1762. 4803: 3484:Early Medieval and Byzantine 3276:Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus 3216:, and large cameos like the 3117:, usually lying on top of a 2954:Winged Victory of Samothrace 2934:Bronze Statuette of a Horse, 2645: 2300:on the right, 22nd dynasty, 1968:a large and solid late one. 1570:, the over-life sized stone 1533:art of the Upper Paleolithic 637:Portrait sculpture began in 614:, or in ancient Greece when 550:of some 4,500 years ago. In 7: 14961:Colossal sculptures in situ 14665:Artist-in-residence program 13170:, 1977, Faber & Faber, 12573:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston 12174:Honour and Fleming, 460–67. 11751:, accessed August 24, 2012. 11338:, accessed August 24, 2012. 11305:. London: Frances Lincoln. 11282:, accessed August 31, 2012. 10900: 10751: 10207:' group of projects. These 10203:on expansive sites in the ' 9880:Vladslo German war cemetery 9399:originated the use of the " 8742:Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney 7843:One of the seven life-size 7792:A jar spout from the early 6849:(9th to 13th centuries) at 6775:Marble Sculpture of female 6500:and Buddhist sculptures of 6455:. These include the famous 6424:relief, 5th century CE, of 5334:Yale University Art Gallery 5283:Jason and the Golden Fleece 4971:Samson Slaying a Philistine 4254:Siege of the Castle of Love 4235:Siege of the Castle of Love 4209:1237, near life-size stone 4087:, mirror-cases, combs, and 3496:, Scottish or Anglo-Saxon, 2936:late 2nd – 1st century BCE 2350: 899:controlled removal of stone 630:and finds from the tomb of 66:, a Roman marble copy of a 10: 15108: 14971:Contemporary art galleries 14866:Outline of the visual arts 13400:Victoria and Albert Museum 13151:Ancient History from Coins 13009:De Lorenzi, James (2015). 12482:Honour & Fleming, 557. 12201:Rawson, Chapter 1, 135–36. 11177:"Metal Casting – Overview" 10719:and exposure to light and 10055:Philadelphia Museum of Art 9771:Philadelphia Museum of Art 9705:Metropolitan Museum of Art 9225: 9032:National Gallery in Prague 8905:, 1893, the world's first 8819:Metropolitan Museum of Art 8678:Kiks.ádi Clan, erected at 8594:Robert Gould Shaw Memorial 8031: 7864: 7693: 7323:. In the same way, luxury 7221:An Islamic sculpture of a 6496:The pink sandstone Hindu, 6457:small bronze female dancer 6398: 6079: 5624: 5491:Victoria and Albert Museum 5349: 5264:Metropolitan Museum of Art 5188: 5007: 4807: 4622:Museo dell'Opera del Duomo 4436: 3960: 3704: 3257:) from the new capital of 3068: 2938:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2905:, possibly an original by 2797:Mausoleum at Halicarnassus 2761:Greek terracotta figurines 2639:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2537:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2493:Cycladic Female Figurine, 2359: 2096: 1839: 1785:; sandstone, 1.80 meters, 1542:With the beginning of the 1435: 1312:, where sculptors such as 1281:Social status of sculptors 1201:and Mesopotamia to China. 1173: 1169: 275:, and the presentation of 43: 36: 32:Sculpture (disambiguation) 29: 15041: 14901: 14770: 14708: 14572: 14497: 14296: 14239: 14124: 14061: 13816: 13745: 13659: 13628: 13582: 13486: 13410:Cass Sculpture Foundation 13319:, 1985, Harry N. Abrams, 13242:Prehistoric Art in Europe 12966:Monuments of Medieval Art 12889:Italian Baroque Sculpture 12656:Elsen, Albert E. (2003). 12341:Paine & Soper, 30–31. 12237:Rawson, Chapters 4 and 6. 12098:Olson, Chapter 8, 179–81. 11600:Smith, 12–13 and note 17. 11384:Evolutionary Anthropology 11234:Williams, Arthur (2005). 10964:Cass Sculpture Foundation 10775: 10197:Christo and Jeanne-Claude 10138:Christo and Jeanne-Claude 9986:, 1967, Chicago, Illinois 8629:Michigan State University 8054:Sculpture in present-day 7427: 6988:Avalokiteshvara of Chaiya 6779:in typical curving pose, 6556:dating from the previous 6441:Indus Valley civilization 5983:Cup with Dragon Handles, 5701:Tang dynasty tomb figures 5504:Fragment of the wind god 5055:The Ecstasy of St Theresa 5038:Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi 4856:took over the project of 3956: 3730:Shrine of the Three Kings 3618:Palatine Chapel in Aachen 3608:, of 965–970, which is a 3498:St Ninian's Isle Treasure 3189: 3099: 2699:Statue of Zeus at Olympia 2141:main temple at Abu Simbel 2092:Egyptian Museum of Berlin 2061:Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal 2026:, a ruler around 2090 BCE 1983:Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal 1675:from the Vogelherd cave, 1464: 1241:". Typically a layer of 1014:metal sculptures; a cast 576:Indus Valley civilization 509:Statue of Zeus at Olympia 46:Sculptor (disambiguation) 15025:Most expensive paintings 14812:Conservation-restoration 14614:Contemporary art gallery 13359:Strong, Donald, et al., 13317:Northern Renaissance Art 13248:Scholten, Frits (2011). 13178:(US: Cambridge UP, 1977) 12980:The Holy Thorn Reliquary 12935:Briggs, Philip (2015) . 12870:10 November 2018 at the 12551:Harkless (2006), p. 174. 12259:Rawson, Jessica (1999). 12165:Honour and Fleming, 450. 11537:Frankfort, Chapters 2–5. 11501:Sandars, 253−57, 183–85. 11010:January 4, 2009, at the 10970: 10929:List of female sculptors 10689:Michael Leavitt (artist) 10441:Liverpool Street station 10099:, 1982, Barcelona, Spain 10003:Four Squares in Geviert, 9851:Mieczysław Kotarbiński, 9773:. Exhibited at the 1913 9727:, 1911–12, plaster, lost 8763:Moving toward modern art 8747:Buffalo Bill - The Scout 8531:-influenced concern for 8490:Church of the Holy Cross 8438:, wood was sculpted for 8309:Classic Veracruz culture 8114:Baby Figure 1200-900 BCE 7860: 7459:Art Institute of Chicago 7272: 7124: late 12th century 6428:Killing the Horse Demon 6233:Japanese sword mountings 6075: 5920:Tang dynasty tomb figure 5620: 5603:Taller Buddha of Bamiyan 5425:(180–10 BCE). Under the 5091:early European porcelain 4992:Rape of the Sabine Women 4370:Rothenburg ob der Tauber 4322:in gold, enamel and gems 4320:Resurrection of the Dead 4256:on a mirror-case in the 4006:(1258–1278) and his son 3333:, statue of the emperor 3201:Column of Antoninus Pius 2122:art of the Amarna period 1893:is an outstanding small 1621:animal-human statuette, 1380:Anti-sculpture movements 1189:, wax, unfired clay, or 1112: 1023:or stone materials (see 979: 913:covers large works, and 867: 715:Materials and techniques 282: 15092:Visual arts terminology 15033:works by living artists 14795:Classificatory disputes 13529:Environmental sculpture 13494:Architectural sculpture 13435:Encyclopædia Britannica 13405:Corning Museum of Glass 13103:A Handbook of Roman Art 12575:. Accessed 28 May 2018. 12539:Sobania (2012), p. 462. 12377:Paine & Soper, 121. 12323:Middle Jomon Sub-Period 12219:Rawson, 135–45, 145–63. 12143:Boucher, 134–42 on the 11947:Calkins, 79–80, 90–102. 11902:Strong, 171–76, 211–14. 11743:Lapatin, Kenneth D.S., 11402:. UNESCO. p. 211. 11301:Gipson, Ferren (2022). 11278:August 2, 2012, at the 11092:"Article by Morris Cox" 10954:List of tallest statues 10944:List of sculpture parks 10746: 10636:environmental sculpture 10201:environmental sculpture 10153:Device to Root Out Evil 10029:Crinkly avec disc rouge 9416:Similarly, the work of 9379:, with figures such as 8509:Protestant Christianity 8448:Pacific Northwest Coast 7962:period (c. 620–580 BCE) 7603:bronze head sculpture, 7422:steel inlaid with gold. 7119:, Khmer art, Cambodia, 6520:, covering the earlier 6409:Sculpture of Bangladesh 6401:Sculpture in South Asia 5340: 4928:, probably designed by 4766:Galleria dell'Accademia 4366:Altar of the Holy Blood 3811:, and the doors of the 3602:Golden Madonna of Essen 3575:illuminated manuscripts 3553:, and the jewellery of 3330:Augustus of Prima Porta 3177:Roman triumphal columns 3129:far east, official and 3060:Europe after the Greeks 2686:, traditionally (since 2672:Temple of Zeus, Olympia 2386:ancient Greek sculpture 2362:Ancient Greek sculpture 1609:, now in Ulmer Museum, 1027:for several examples). 915:architectural sculpture 862:Chinese scholar's rocks 418:environmental sculpture 333:architectural sculpture 14244:List of artistic media 13272:Pelican History of Art 13181:Olson, Roberta J. M., 13149:Howgego, Christopher, 13137:A World History of Art 12768:Umbrella Crushes Woman 12530:Briggs (2015), p. 331. 12518:Briggs (2015), p. 242. 12298:Shaanxi History Museum 12089:Olson, 103–10, 131–32. 12071:Olson, 114–18, 149–50. 11710:www.trackingcolour.com 11627:Smith, 102–03, 133–34. 11618:Smith, 170–78, 192–94. 11573:Frankfort, 66–74, 167. 11466:Kleiner, Fred (2009). 11426:, The British Museum, 11064:feature on exhibition. 10983:en.museicapitolini.org 10708: 10703:Visible damage due to 10627: 10599:officially titled the 10507:Jean-Yves Lechevallier 10161: 10145: 10129:Contemporary movements 10077:Tel Aviv Museum of Art 10031:, 1973, Schlossplatz, 9853:Coat of arms of Poland 9839:'s headquarters, 1928. 9545:Abstract expressionism 9333:Abstract expressionism 9289: 9267: 9260:Large Reclining Figure 9247: 9210:) or stayed the same ( 9090:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux 8874:The Burghers of Calais 8809:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux 8750:, 1924, commemorating 8598:Augustus Saint-Gaudens 8431: 8419:, cast in 1922 from a 8403: 8392:in Cristo Rey Church, 8251:K'inich Janaab Pakal I 8238:, Peru, 100 BCE–700 CE 8086:that characterize the 8002:, early 1st century CE 7462: 7457:early 20th centuries, 7440: 7300:(740s), now mostly in 7282: 7225:, southern Philippines 6904:Relief sculpture from 6842: 6516:–550) which remains a 6432: 6226: 6116: 5844:Shaanxi History Museum 5809: 3rd century BCE 5783: 3rd century BCE 5670:Western Zhou dynasties 5662:Chinese ritual bronzes 5658: 5587:(right), 3rd century, 5526:Demetrius I of Bactria 5481:, 1st–2nd century CE. 5411:Greco-Bactrian kingdom 5371: 5367:, 1st–2nd century CE, 5209: 5191:Neoclassical sculpture 5134:Saint Peter's Basilica 5067:Protestant Reformation 5032: 4833: 4553:Tomb of Pope Julius II 4434: 4411:Tomb of Pope Julius II 4399: 4362:Tilman Riemenschneider 4344:with remains of colour 4340:, English, 1450–1490, 4337:Resurrection of Christ 4053:Tilman Riemenschneider 4016:Siena Cathedral Pulpit 3972: 3834:is an unusually large 3796:Gloucester candlestick 3737: 3721: 3616:had set one up in the 3543:barbaric civilizations 3530: 3507: 3106: 3087: 2764: 2752: 2663: 2381: 2321:Egyptian Museum, Cairo 2094: 1866: 1830:, the other is "dark". 1456: 1422:Protestant Reformation 1301: 1214: 1148: 1129: 1000: 887: 727: 610:) as they were in the 496: 474: 428:(involving aspects of 300: 279:as finished artworks. 165: 157:The Angel of the North 148: 137: 102: 75: 14670:Artist-run initiative 14557:Visual arts education 13936:Kamagaya Great Buddha 13660:Traditional materials 13629:Elements in sculpture 13101:Henig, Martin (ed.), 12434:Harle, 301–10, 325–27 12366:Kotobank, Kei school. 11443:Sandars, 8–16, 29–31. 11347:Olsen, 150–51; Blunt. 10939:List of Stone Age art 10702: 10616: 10466:Art Garden, Jerusalem 10151: 10136: 10005:1969, terrace of the 9549:Geometric abstraction 9478:who were pioneers of 9301:Geometric abstraction 9273: 9253: 9235: 8643:Daniel Chester French 8409: 8384: 8347:Double-headed serpent 8232:Moche portrait vessel 8014:Relief of a ruler, a 7899:A ceramic jug of the 7883:, its last phase—the 7865:Further information: 7853:Gebre Mesqel Lalibela 7780:, 6th–5th century BCE 7758:rock cut architecture 7746:Gebre Mesqel Lalibela 7694:Further information: 7446: 7435: 7351:, from a palace near 7280: 6837: 6416: 6388:Tokyo National Museum 6097: 6054:Chinese guardian lion 5776:Warring States period 5656:Northern Song dynasty 5646: 5565:Ancient Orient Museum 5359: 5198: 5177:Nymphenburg Porcelain 5152:Perseus and Andromeda 5042:Gardens of Versailles 5017: 4846:Piazza della Signoria 4817: 4676:Judith and Holofernes 4551:, and pieces for the 4489:in Venice; his pupil 4481:, best known for his 4479:Andrea del Verrocchio 4405: 4388: 4187:Adoration of the Magi 4042:and his followers in 3970: 3861:and similar objects. 3727: 3714: 3513: 3491: 3461:Great Cameo of France 3226:Great Cameo of France 3093: 3078: 2861:Alexander Sarcophagus 2758: 2746: 2701:(c. 432), one of the 2653: 2369: 2080: 1962:Stele of the Vultures 1857: 1824:Trundholm sun chariot 1588:Pre-Pottery Neolithic 1556:Trundholm sun chariot 1443: 1346:Andrea del Verrocchio 1296:, self-portrait from 1288: 1275:Magdalena Abakanowicz 1212: 1174:Further information: 1135: 1120: 987: 965:, originally used as 875: 797:Sculptures are often 722: 584:Easter Island culture 580:Mississippian culture 480: 463: 456:Purposes and subjects 290: 273:constructed sculpture 171:is the branch of the 154: 143: 127:San Pietro in Vincoli 108: 81: 56: 15087:Sculpture techniques 14966:Contemporary artists 14829:Destination painting 14626:Single-artist museum 14515:Conservator-restorer 14021:The Motherland Calls 13870:(c. 200 BCE – 70 CE) 13867:Laocoön and His Sons 13856:(c. 2nd century BCE) 13824:Great Sphinx of Giza 12964:Calkins, Robert G.; 12855:, December 13, 2006. 12776:. October 28, 1991. 12267:: 52. Archived from 12053:Olson, 41–46, 62–63. 10934:Outline of sculpture 10644:street art sculpture 10366:Museum of Modern Art 10326:Michael Craig-Martin 10311:One and Three Chairs 10007:New National Gallery 9876:The Grieving Parents 9859:style, Warsaw, 1931. 9855:, basalt relief in 9740:Alexander Archipenko 9407:with pieces such as 9084:)—the melodramatic ( 8814:Ugolino and His Sons 8394:Santa Fe, New Mexico 7690:Ethiopia and Eritrea 7406:dagger with hilt in 7167:Stone bas-relief of 6682:Rock-cut temples at 6651:, 5th–6th century CE 6034:Jingdezhen porcelain 6020:, early 17th century 5902:Northern Wei dynasty 5170:Franz Anton Bustelli 5050:Gian Lorenzo Bernini 5019:Gian Lorenzo Bernini 4708:, female bust (cast) 4457:Filippo Brunelleschi 4342:Nottingham alabaster 4316:Holy Thorn Reliquary 4097:Holy Thorn Reliquary 4076:Nottingham alabaster 4036:International Gothic 3813:Basilica di San Zeno 3805:Hildesheim Cathedral 3492:Silver monster on a 3199:and the base of the 3152:Lucius Junius Brutus 3012:Laocoön and his Sons 2802:Laocoön and his Sons 2498: 2500–2400 BCE 2371:Charioteer of Delphi 2109:monumental sculpture 2099:Art of ancient Egypt 1871:Protoliterate period 1537:Tuc d'Audobert caves 1484:The 30 cm tall 1352:, Michelangelo, and 1041:repoussé and chasing 911:Monumental sculpture 699:were used in China, 664:Olmec colossal heads 523:is the most common. 422:street art sculpture 360:monumental sculpture 30:For other uses, see 14956:Art reference books 14750:History of painting 14334:Fine-art photograph 14013:Christ the Redeemer 14005:Shrine of Democracy 13959:, Statue of Liberty 13583:Styles of sculpture 13240:Sandars, Nancy K., 13153:, Routledge, 1995, 13116:Paine, Robert Treat 13087:Henderson, George. 12806:on January 4, 2013. 12800:"Guggenheim museum" 12617:Castedo, Leopoldo, 12304:on January 14, 2021 12271:on October 18, 2020 11938:Dodwell, Chapter 2. 11636:Smith, 4–5, 208–09. 10769:Italian Renaissance 10609:Contemporary genres 9763:Constantin Brâncuși 9662:, 1907, limestone, 9418:Constantin Brâncuși 9149:Constantin Brâncuși 9082:Antoine-Louis Barye 9050:The Night (La Nuit) 8723:Dancer and Gazelles 8513:International Style 8471:Notre Dame Basilica 8442:, masks, utensils, 8139:Olmec Colossal Head 8072:Mesoamerican region 8046:Northwest Coast art 7976:Musawwarat es-Sufra 7612: 12th century 7532:African Great Lakes 7530:Populations in the 7246: 14th century 7208: 13th century 7024:from Bidor, Perak, 6941:temple, Indonesia, 6880:emerged before the 6395:Indian subcontinent 6343:, National Treasure 5691:. The spectacular 5547:, 3rd–4th centuries 5419:Indian subcontinent 5253:Jean-Antoine Houdon 5218:Jean-Antoine Houdon 4903:figura serpentinata 4487:Bartolomeo Colleoni 3977:Gothic architecture 3686:Harbaville Triptych 3238:Arch of Constantine 3197:Arch of Constantine 3171:in Rome, now lost. 3148:Tomb of the Scipios 2848:Hellenistic culture 2773:Alexander the Great 2751:, early 2nd century 2623:Amathus sarcophagus 2160:portion of the soul 1938:Neo-Assyrian Empire 1617:, the oldest known 1580:'Ain Ghazal Statues 1554:and the Bronze Age 1548:Gundestrup cauldron 1517:Venus of Willendorf 1502:Venus of Hohle Fels 1471:Aurignacian culture 1460:Prehistoric periods 1445:Venus of Willendorf 1233:and other regions. 832:. Since the 1960s, 450:Constantin Brâncuși 245:period. During the 90:gate guardian from 64:The Capitoline Gaul 15051:Visual arts portal 14981:National galleries 14834:Eclecticism in art 14789:Catalogue raisonné 14660:Artist cooperative 13989:Jules Verne's tomb 13888:Buddhas of Bamiyan 13846:Colossus of Rhodes 13830:Abu Simbel temples 13826:(c. 2558–2532 BCE) 13817:Notable sculptures 13487:Types of sculpture 13415:2009-08-31 at the 13135:and John Fleming, 12851:2015-11-18 at the 12774:The New York Times 12698:Curtis, Penelpoe, 12685:2012-08-25 at the 12639:Neumeyer, Alfred, 12600:2018-06-19 at the 12567:2018-05-28 at the 12368:The Asahi Shimbun. 12328:2009-05-25 at the 12024:Swansea Altarpiece 12015:2012-08-04 at the 11582:Frankfort, 141–93. 11546:Frankfort, 110–12. 11127:2014-10-06 at the 11122:Harvard exhibition 11060:2013-02-15 at the 11033:2022-12-04 at the 10988:2017-09-03 at the 10915:Visual arts portal 10709: 10687:, or hand-made by 10656:Kinetic sculptures 10628: 10578:Manfred Kielnhofer 10492:South Bank Circle, 10162: 10146: 9898:Birth of the Muses 9837:London Underground 9750:), 1912, destroyed 9444:Alberto Giacometti 9290: 9268: 9248: 9121:Alexander Matveyev 9088:) sentimentality ( 8698:Frederic Remington 8674:Totem Pole of the 8575:Theodore Roosevelt 8565:, 1927–1941. L–R, 8432: 8423:sculpture modeled 8404: 8257:, Maya, 603–683 CE 8154:La Mojarra Stela 1 8141:No. 3 1200–900 BCE 7825:processional cross 7772:Stone statue from 7463: 7441: 7325:hardstone carvings 7283: 7175:temple, Cambodia, 7007: 8th century 6843: 6838:9th-century Khmer 6459:and the so-called 6433: 6370:Izumiya Tomotada, 6181:Kamakura shogunate 6117: 6086:Japanese sculpture 5659: 5579:The Buddhist gods 5545:Hadda, Afghanistan 5479:Corinthian columns 5423:Indo-Greek kingdom 5404:Corinthian capital 5375:Greco-Buddhist art 5372: 5352:Greco-Buddhist art 5303:Badger, Shropshire 5278:Bertel Thorvaldsen 5234:Bertel Thorvaldsen 5214:Neoclassical style 5210: 5128:Saint Veronica by 5033: 5004:Baroque and Rococo 4859:Hercules and Cacus 4834: 4826:Northern Mannerist 4823:Mercury and Psyche 4589:Florence Baptistry 4584:Sacrifice of Isaac 4516:Antonio Rossellino 4449:Florence Baptistry 4435: 4420:, with statues of 4400: 4241:. Paris, 1330–1350 4136:Chartres Cathedral 4113:Chartres Cathedral 3981:Chartres Cathedral 3973: 3792:Nicholas of Verdun 3738: 3722: 3695:, mid-10th century 3531: 3508: 3426:The Four Tetrarchs 3337:, 1st century CE. 3107: 3088: 2769:Hellenistic period 2765: 2753: 2664: 2382: 2240:Eighteenth dynasty 2231:Tutankhamun's mask 2095: 1867: 1846:Assyrian sculpture 1842:Art of Mesopotamia 1607:Hohlenstein-Stadel 1457: 1348:also painted, and 1302: 1215: 1149: 1130: 1001: 897:are shaped by the 888: 728: 695:or other types of 497: 475: 368:hardstone carvings 301: 291:Open air Buddhist 166: 149: 138: 133:, for the tomb of 103: 76: 72:Capitoline Museums 15064: 15063: 14655:Artist collective 14469:Site-specific art 14319:Cultural artifact 14252: 14251: 14226:Site-specific art 14084: 14083: 13974:The Golden Virgin 13966:The Gates of Hell 13900:Konark Sun Temple 13896:(c. 1194–1250 CE) 13894:Chartes Cathedral 13544:Kinetic sculpture 13429:"Sculpture" 13383:978-0-7141-2254-0 13373:Williams, Dyfri. 13354:978-0-19-538207-5 13339:978-0-19-538207-5 13294:978-3-943365-08-5 13263:978-1-58839-441-5 13236:978-0-7141-2815-3 13226:Robinson, James, 13216:, 2004, Prestel, 13208:978-0-7141-2446-9 13191:978-0-500-20253-1 13105:, Phaidon, 1983, 13091:, 1967, Penguin, 13019:978-1-58046-519-9 12950:Burnett, Andrew, 12945:978-1-84162-922-3 12739:978-0-19-512878-9 12720:978-0-8109-3934-9 12354:The Asahi Shimbun 11929:Robinson, 12, 15. 11893:Henig, Chapter 8. 11784:978-0-7538-2413-9 11749:Oxford Art Online 11706:"Tracking Colour" 11564:Frankfort, 71–73. 11555:Frankfort, 66–74. 11528:Frankfort, 61–66. 11519:Frankfort, 45–59. 11510:Frankfort, 24–37. 11479:978-0-495-57360-9 11454:Oxford Art Online 11432:978-0-7141-2333-2 11409:978-92-3-102810-6 11336:Oxford Art Online 11312:978-0-7112-6465-6 11245:978-0-9755383-0-2 11175:Ravi, B. (2004). 11044:978-0-521-28084-6 10924:List of sculptors 10721:ultraviolet light 10648:site-specific art 10632:environmental art 10601:Monument of Light 10570:Guardians of Time 10169:environmental art 10158:Palma de Mallorca 9917:Monolith-Empyrean 9835:, carved for the 9697:Amedeo Modigliani 9682:Figure décorative 9585:Giacomo Benevelli 9476:Frederick Kiesler 9436:Sir Jacob Epstein 9383:and subsequently 9192:Wilhelm Lehmbruck 9165:socialist realism 9161:Wilhelm Lehmbruck 9129:Antoine Bourdelle 8980:Antoine Bourdelle 8911:Piccadilly Circus 8703:The Bronco Buster 8567:George Washington 8197:Feathered Serpent 8062:in the north and 8042:Pre-Columbian art 8020:Kandake Amanitore 7978:, 3rd century BCE 7750:Solomonic dynasty 7290:famously aniconic 7261:bhūmisparsa mudrā 6996:Southern Thailand 6482:Pillars of Ashoka 6010:(Dehua porcelain) 5740:Chinese porcelain 5259:Benjamin Franklin 5228:, the Englishman 5148:Pierre Paul Puget 5079:Roman Catholicism 5073:, continued, the 5029:Galleria Borghese 5024:Apollo and Daphne 5010:Baroque sculpture 4945:Benvenuto Cellini 4864:Benvenuto Cellini 4854:Baccio Bandinelli 4706:Francesco Laurana 4607:Luca della Robbia 4593:oblique view here 4512:Francesco Laurana 4491:Leonardo da Vinci 4483:equestrian statue 4461:Gates of Paradise 4211:equestrian statue 4032:pulpit in Pistoia 4030:, and Giovanni's 4012:Proto-Renaissance 3934:Pórtico da Gloria 3879:Baptism of Christ 3735:Cologne Cathedral 3571:treasure bindings 3442:San Marco, Venice 3314:Capitoline Brutus 3300:, 3rd century BCE 3261:, now in Venice. 2829:Tanagra figurines 2684:Parthenon Marbles 2296:on the left, and 2087:Bust of Nefertiti 2046:, around 1800 BCE 1836:Ancient Near East 1755:Swimming Reindeer 1568:ancient Near East 1562:Ancient Near East 1552:European Iron Age 1525:Swimming Reindeer 1475:Upper Paleolithic 1426:Buddhas of Bamyan 1397:Eastern Orthodoxy 1330:Arnolfo di Cambio 1306:literati painting 1227:African sculpture 919:Hardstone carving 620:Pre-Columbian art 616:Tanagra figurines 598:Small decorative 505:ancient Greek art 438:site-specific art 426:kinetic sculpture 414:environmental art 401:, medal or coin. 387:equestrian statue 379:largest on record 211:or modelling, or 175:that operates in 39:Digital sculpting 16:(Redirected from 15099: 15020:Stolen paintings 14888:Sociology of art 14839:Economics of art 14690:Sculpture garden 14675:Artist-run space 14474:Social sculpture 14344:Installation art 14279: 14272: 14265: 14256: 14255: 14111: 14104: 14097: 14088: 14087: 14069: 14068: 14029:Fallen Astronaut 13746:Modern materials 13610:Modern sculpture 13539:Installation art 13473: 13466: 13459: 13450: 13449: 13439: 13431: 13267: 13164:Kitzinger, Ernst 13042:Frankfort, Henri 12968:, Dutton, 1979, 12887:Boucher, Bruce, 12875: 12862: 12856: 12840: 12834: 12833: 12831: 12829: 12818:"Dia Foundation" 12814: 12808: 12807: 12802:. Archived from 12796: 12790: 12789: 12787: 12785: 12762: 12756: 12747: 12741: 12728: 12722: 12709: 12703: 12696: 12690: 12675: 12669: 12654: 12648: 12645:The Art Bulletin 12637: 12631: 12628: 12622: 12615: 12609: 12591: 12585: 12582: 12576: 12558: 12552: 12549: 12540: 12537: 12531: 12528: 12519: 12516: 12510: 12507: 12501: 12498: 12492: 12489: 12483: 12480: 12471: 12468: 12462: 12459: 12453: 12450: 12444: 12441: 12435: 12432: 12426: 12423: 12417: 12414: 12408: 12405: 12396: 12393: 12387: 12384: 12378: 12375: 12369: 12363: 12357: 12351:Kotobank, Jōchō. 12348: 12342: 12339: 12333: 12320: 12314: 12313: 12311: 12309: 12300:. Archived from 12290: 12281: 12280: 12278: 12276: 12256: 12247: 12244: 12238: 12235: 12229: 12226: 12220: 12217: 12211: 12208: 12202: 12199: 12193: 12190: 12184: 12181: 12175: 12172: 12166: 12163: 12157: 12154: 12148: 12141: 12135: 12132: 12126: 12123: 12117: 12114: 12108: 12105: 12099: 12096: 12090: 12087: 12081: 12078: 12072: 12069: 12063: 12060: 12054: 12051: 12045: 12042: 12036: 12035:Calkins, 193–98. 12033: 12027: 12008: 12002: 11999: 11993: 11990: 11984: 11981: 11975: 11972: 11966: 11965:Calkins, 115–32. 11963: 11957: 11956:Calkins, 107–14. 11954: 11948: 11945: 11939: 11936: 11930: 11927: 11921: 11918: 11912: 11909: 11903: 11900: 11894: 11891: 11885: 11882: 11876: 11873: 11867: 11864: 11858: 11855: 11849: 11838: 11832: 11829: 11823: 11820: 11814: 11811: 11805: 11802: 11796: 11793: 11787: 11776: 11770: 11767: 11761: 11758: 11752: 11741: 11735: 11732: 11726: 11725: 11723: 11721: 11702: 11696: 11695: 11693: 11691: 11672: 11666: 11663: 11657: 11652: 11646: 11643: 11637: 11634: 11628: 11625: 11619: 11616: 11610: 11607: 11601: 11598: 11592: 11589: 11583: 11580: 11574: 11571: 11565: 11562: 11556: 11553: 11547: 11544: 11538: 11535: 11529: 11526: 11520: 11517: 11511: 11508: 11502: 11499: 11493: 11490: 11484: 11483: 11463: 11457: 11450: 11444: 11441: 11435: 11422:Cook, J. (2013) 11420: 11414: 11413: 11393: 11387: 11380: 11374: 11373: 11371: 11369: 11354: 11348: 11345: 11339: 11332: 11326: 11323: 11317: 11316: 11298: 11292: 11289: 11283: 11270: 11264: 11263: 11257: 11249: 11231: 11225: 11224: 11222: 11220: 11205: 11199: 11198: 11196: 11194: 11188: 11181: 11172: 11166: 11165: 11163: 11161: 11146: 11140: 11137: 11131: 11114: 11108: 11107: 11105: 11103: 11088: 11082: 11071: 11065: 11052: 11046: 11023: 11014: 11002: 10993: 10980: 10917: 10912: 10911: 10894:Sculpture garden 10677:Takashi Murakami 10669:Sound sculptures 10592: 10566: 10549:Rachel Whiteread 10545: 10522: 10503: 10484: 10452: 10425: 10399: 10377: 10354: 10300:installation art 10260:Eduardo Paolozzi 10249:Dennis Oppenheim 10173:Andy Goldsworthy 10122:Museo Guggenheim 10120:, 1999, outside 10112:Louise Bourgeois 10108: 10087: 10073:Black Cover Flat 10069:Sir Anthony Caro 10065: 10043: 10025:Alexander Calder 10021: 10011:Kinetic sculptor 9995: 9976: 9954: 9932:John Chamberlain 9928: 9913:Barbara Hepworth 9909: 9894:Jacques Lipchitz 9890: 9868: 9848: 9825: 9804: 9785: 9759: 9744:La Vie Familiale 9736: 9715: 9693: 9674: 9652: 9589:Arnaldo Pomodoro 9565:John Chamberlain 9561:welded sculpture 9557:Sir Anthony Caro 9530:Louise Bourgeois 9514:Alexander Calder 9464:Alexander Calder 9460:Jacques Lipchitz 9349:Installation art 9228:Modern sculpture 9208:Venanzo Crocetti 9137:Libero Andreotti 9117:Aristide Maillol 9068:Robert Wlérick, 9065: 9054:Tuileries Garden 9046:Aristide Maillol 9042: 9028:Before the Bath, 9020: 8999: 8986:, marble, 1903, 8976: 8951: 8925: 8899:, the so-called 8893: 8866: 8829: 8805: 8778: 8738: 8729:, Washington, DC 8715: 8694: 8667: 8657:Washington, D.C. 8653:Lincoln Memorial 8639: 8609: 8590: 8571:Thomas Jefferson 8549: 8486:Carpenter Gothic 8429: 8426: 8402: 8399: 8368: 8365: 8342: 8333: 8330: 8320: 8305: 8290: 8278: 8266: 8247: 8228: 8208: 8192: 8177: 8165: 8150: 8135: 8123: 8108: 8022:, 1st century CE 8016:Candace of Meroë 8011: 7987: 7971: 7947: 7911: 7896: 7840: 7820: 7811:, 4th century CE 7804: 7794:Kingdom of Aksum 7789: 7769: 7678: 7662: 7646: 7634: 7622: 7613: 7610: 7597: 7578: 7563: 7514:Akan goldweights 7456: 7455: late 19th 7453: 7400: 7380: 7364: 7344: 7256: 7247: 7244: 7234: 7218: 7209: 7206: 7190: 7181: 7178: 7164: 7155: 7152: 7134: 7125: 7122: 7112: 7093: 7083: 7080: 7063: 7044: 7034: 7031: 7017: 7008: 7005: 6983: 6973: 6970: 6957: 6947: 6944: 6928: 6918: 6915: 6901: 6821: 6798: 6785: 6782: 6772: 6757: 6741: 6725: 6694: 6679: 6660: 6644: 6634: 6631: 6618: 6609: 6606: 6589: 6569: 6543: 6540: 6515: 6512: 6471: 6468: 6435:The first known 6383: 6367: 6352: 6332: 6313: 6298: 6282: 6267: 6257: 6254: 6244: 6229: 6179:established the 6107: 6104: 6070: 6067: 6049: 6029: 5996: 5977: 5957: 5937: 5916: 5898: 5871: 5862:(202 BCE—220 CE) 5855: 5819: 5810: 5807: 5793: 5784: 5781: 5771: 5751: 5678: 5675: 5631:Chinese ceramics 5611: 5608: 5599: 5576: 5556: 5537: 5521: 5501: 5470: 5320: 5311: 5308: 5295: 5274: 5249: 5166: 5144: 5125: 5115:Antoine Coysevox 5106: 5075:Dutch Golden Age 4983: 4962: 4941: 4915: 4842:High Renaissance 4819:Adriaen de Vries 4798: 4797: 1513–1516 4795: 4780: 4763: 4760: 4745: 4717: 4702: 4685: 4682: 4667: 4650: 4647: 4633: 4619: 4616: 4603: 4579:Lorenzo Ghiberti 4575: 4453:Lorenzo Ghiberti 4419: 4416: 4353: 4331: 4311: 4285: 4269: 4250: 4226: 4207:Bamberg Horseman 4202: 4174: 4154: 4144: 4141: 4134:South portal of 4131: 4121: 4118: 4108: 4024:Fontana Maggiore 3989: 3986: 3950: 3947: 3930: 3911: 3894:The tympanum of 3891: 3870: 3859:pectoral crosses 3681: 3665: 3645: 3547:Migration period 3535:Early Christians 3524: 3521: 3506: 3503: 3469: 3466: 3452: 3435: 3432: 3421: 3411: 3408: 3395: 3374: 3371: 3366:Emperor Claudius 3361: 3349: 3325: 3309: 3291: 3280:consular diptych 3256: 3253: 3194: 3193: 3169:Colossus of Nero 3104: 3103: 3053: 3050: 3044:Apollo Belvedere 3035: 3007: 2990: 2987: 2976: 2963: 2960: 2948: 2930: 2918: 2897: 2881: 2781:Battle of Actium 2718:Athena Promachos 2708:Athena Parthenos 2696:chryselephantine 2662:, c. 447–433 BCE 2618: 2609: 2606: 2601:Temple of Aphaea 2596: 2584:Acropolis Museum 2570: 2547: 2534: 2531: 2521: 2509: 2499: 2496: 2490: 2478: 2455:Temple of Aphaea 2436:, including the 2378:bronze sculpture 2331: 2312: 2282: 2269: 2266: 2255: 2242: 2236: 2227: 2215: 2200: 2181: 2149:Egyptian temples 2055: 2035: 2024:Statues of Gudea 2019: 2003: 1958:votive offerings 1920:Ram in a Thicket 1819: 1800: 1791: 1790: 9,000 BCE 1788: 1783:Şanlıurfa Museum 1775: 1761: 1750: 1732: 1728: 1719: 1709: 1705: 1700:Venus of Laussel 1696: 1686: 1682: 1669: 1659: 1655: 1642: 1632: 1628: 1599: 1522: 1499: 1454: 1450: 1408:. Many forms of 1387:originated with 1365:High Renaissance 1354:Jacopo Sansovino 1298:St Lorenz Church 1187:plaster of Paris 1136:A carved wooden 1090:Oxy-fuel welding 1076:lost-wax casting 1025:marble sculpture 1016:bronze sculpture 886: 883: 878:Temple of Aphaea 838:Andy Goldsworthy 826:Alexander Calder 756:chryselephantine 705:Neolithic Europe 651:statues of Gudea 608:Contemporary art 513:Egyptian temples 490: 487: 446:sculpture garden 339:, metalwork and 297:Longmen Grottoes 251:Gothic sculpture 177:three dimensions 124: 123: 1513–1515 121: 100: 97: 21: 15107: 15106: 15102: 15101: 15100: 15098: 15097: 15096: 15067: 15066: 15065: 15060: 15046:Painting portal 15037: 14944:sculpture parks 14897: 14856:Elements of art 14824:Cultural policy 14766: 14718:Timeline of art 14704: 14695:Sculpture trail 14574: 14568: 14493: 14410:Performance art 14292: 14283: 14253: 14248: 14235: 14166:Decorative arts 14120: 14115: 14085: 14080: 14057: 14051:Statue of Unity 14003:Mount Rushmore 13996:Abraham Lincoln 13949:Lion of Belfort 13942:Nelson's Column 13860:Terracotta Army 13812: 13741: 13655: 13624: 13578: 13482: 13477: 13444:Tracking Colour 13417:Wayback Machine 13396:Sculpture "hub" 13392: 13387: 13284:Simon, Joshua. 13264: 13196:Rawson, Jessica 12883: 12878: 12872:Wayback Machine 12863: 12859: 12853:Wayback Machine 12841: 12837: 12827: 12825: 12816: 12815: 12811: 12798: 12797: 12793: 12783: 12781: 12764: 12763: 12759: 12748: 12744: 12729: 12725: 12710: 12706: 12697: 12693: 12687:Wayback Machine 12676: 12672: 12655: 12651: 12638: 12634: 12629: 12625: 12616: 12612: 12602:Wayback Machine 12592: 12588: 12583: 12579: 12569:Wayback Machine 12559: 12555: 12550: 12543: 12538: 12534: 12529: 12522: 12517: 12513: 12508: 12504: 12499: 12495: 12490: 12486: 12481: 12474: 12469: 12465: 12460: 12456: 12451: 12447: 12442: 12438: 12433: 12429: 12424: 12420: 12415: 12411: 12406: 12399: 12394: 12390: 12385: 12381: 12376: 12372: 12364: 12360: 12349: 12345: 12340: 12336: 12330:Wayback Machine 12321: 12317: 12307: 12305: 12292: 12291: 12284: 12274: 12272: 12257: 12250: 12245: 12241: 12236: 12232: 12227: 12223: 12218: 12214: 12210:Rawson, 138–38. 12209: 12205: 12200: 12196: 12191: 12187: 12182: 12178: 12173: 12169: 12164: 12160: 12156:Boucher, 16–18. 12155: 12151: 12142: 12138: 12134:Olson, 194–202. 12133: 12129: 12124: 12120: 12115: 12111: 12106: 12102: 12097: 12093: 12088: 12084: 12079: 12075: 12070: 12066: 12061: 12057: 12052: 12048: 12043: 12039: 12034: 12030: 12017:Wayback Machine 12009: 12005: 12001:Snyder, 305–11. 12000: 11996: 11991: 11987: 11982: 11978: 11973: 11969: 11964: 11960: 11955: 11951: 11946: 11942: 11937: 11933: 11928: 11924: 11919: 11915: 11910: 11906: 11901: 11897: 11892: 11888: 11883: 11879: 11874: 11870: 11865: 11861: 11856: 11852: 11839: 11835: 11830: 11826: 11821: 11817: 11812: 11808: 11803: 11799: 11794: 11790: 11777: 11773: 11768: 11764: 11759: 11755: 11742: 11738: 11733: 11729: 11719: 11717: 11704: 11703: 11699: 11689: 11687: 11674: 11673: 11669: 11664: 11660: 11653: 11649: 11644: 11640: 11635: 11631: 11626: 11622: 11617: 11613: 11608: 11604: 11599: 11595: 11590: 11586: 11581: 11577: 11572: 11568: 11563: 11559: 11554: 11550: 11545: 11541: 11536: 11532: 11527: 11523: 11518: 11514: 11509: 11505: 11500: 11496: 11492:Sandars, 75–80. 11491: 11487: 11480: 11464: 11460: 11451: 11447: 11442: 11438: 11421: 11417: 11410: 11394: 11390: 11381: 11377: 11367: 11365: 11356: 11355: 11351: 11346: 11342: 11333: 11329: 11325:Rawson, 134–35. 11324: 11320: 11313: 11299: 11295: 11290: 11286: 11280:Wayback Machine 11271: 11267: 11251: 11250: 11246: 11232: 11228: 11218: 11216: 11207: 11206: 11202: 11192: 11190: 11186: 11179: 11173: 11169: 11159: 11157: 11148: 11147: 11143: 11138: 11134: 11129:Wayback Machine 11115: 11111: 11101: 11099: 11090: 11089: 11085: 11072: 11068: 11062:Wayback Machine 11055:NGA, Washington 11053: 11049: 11035:Wayback Machine 11024: 11017: 11012:Wayback Machine 11003: 10996: 10990:Wayback Machine 10981: 10977: 10973: 10968: 10913: 10906: 10903: 10898: 10852: 10847: 10778: 10773: 10754: 10749: 10697: 10664:Snow sculptures 10640:Light sculpture 10624:Robert Smithson 10611: 10604: 10597:Spire of Dublin 10593: 10584: 10574:light sculpture 10567: 10558: 10546: 10537: 10523: 10514: 10504: 10495: 10485: 10476: 10467: 10453: 10444: 10426: 10417: 10400: 10391: 10378: 10369: 10355: 10346: 10328:, and those of 10276:Edward Kienholz 10268:Claes Oldenburg 10213:Robert Smithson 10177:Walter De Maria 10156: 10131: 10124: 10109: 10100: 10088: 10079: 10075:, 1974, steel, 10066: 10057: 10047:Louise Nevelson 10044: 10035: 10022: 10013: 9996: 9987: 9984:Chicago Picasso 9977: 9968: 9955: 9946: 9944:Washington, DC. 9929: 9920: 9910: 9901: 9891: 9882: 9869: 9860: 9849: 9840: 9826: 9817: 9805: 9796: 9786: 9777: 9760: 9751: 9737: 9728: 9716: 9707: 9694: 9685: 9675: 9666: 9653: 9644: 9636:Fernando Botero 9624:Marisol Escobar 9575:, Donald Judd, 9538:Louise Nevelson 9522:Richard Lippold 9497:Chicago Picasso 9432:Gaston Lachaise 9427:series (1924). 9241:Floating Figure 9237:Gaston Lachaise 9230: 9224: 9212:Charles Despiau 9141:Gustav Vigeland 9106:Camille Claudel 9076: 9066: 9057: 9043: 9034: 9021: 9012: 9003:Camille Claudel 9000: 8991: 8988:Musée Bourdelle 8977: 8968: 8952: 8943: 8926: 8917: 8894: 8885: 8867: 8858: 8830: 8821: 8806: 8797: 8779: 8770: 8765: 8758: 8739: 8730: 8716: 8707: 8695: 8686: 8684:Battle of Sitka 8668: 8659: 8648:Abraham Lincoln 8640: 8631: 8610: 8601: 8591: 8582: 8579:Abraham Lincoln 8557:Lincoln Borglum 8550: 8499:The history of 8482:Churrigueresque 8427: 8400: 8377: 8370: 8366: 8343: 8334: 8331: 8321: 8312: 8311:face 600–900 CE 8306: 8297: 8291: 8282: 8279: 8270: 8267: 8258: 8248: 8239: 8229: 8220: 8209: 8200: 8193: 8184: 8183:mask 200–600 CE 8178: 8169: 8166: 8157: 8151: 8142: 8136: 8127: 8124: 8115: 8109: 8100: 8052: 8030: 8023: 8012: 8003: 8000:Kingdom of Kush 7996:Meroitic period 7988: 7979: 7972: 7963: 7948: 7939: 7912: 7903: 7897: 7885:Meroitic period 7881:Kingdom of Kush 7869: 7867:Nubian pyramids 7863: 7856: 7841: 7832: 7821: 7812: 7809:Obelisk of Axum 7805: 7796: 7790: 7781: 7778:Tigray Province 7770: 7752:. However, the 7702: 7692: 7685: 7684:figure, Nigeria 7679: 7670: 7663: 7654: 7647: 7638: 7635: 7626: 7623: 7614: 7611: 7598: 7589: 7579: 7570: 7564: 7492:Kingdom of Kush 7454: 7430: 7423: 7401: 7392: 7381: 7372: 7365: 7356: 7345: 7275: 7268: 7257: 7248: 7245: 7235: 7226: 7219: 7210: 7207: 7191: 7182: 7179: 7165: 7156: 7153: 7135: 7126: 7123: 7113: 7104: 7094: 7085: 7081: 7064: 7055: 7045: 7036: 7032: 7022:Avalokiteshvara 7018: 7009: 7006: 6984: 6975: 6971: 6958: 6949: 6945: 6929: 6920: 6916: 6902: 6847:Khmer sculpture 6832: 6830:South-East Asia 6825: 6822: 6813: 6799: 6790: 6783: 6773: 6764: 6758: 6749: 6742: 6733: 6726: 6717: 6695: 6686: 6680: 6671: 6669:Elephanta Caves 6661: 6652: 6645: 6636: 6632: 6619: 6610: 6607: 6590: 6581: 6570: 6558:Pallava dynasty 6541: 6526:Elephanta Caves 6513: 6470: 1500 BCE 6469: 6411: 6397: 6390: 6384: 6375: 6368: 6359: 6353: 6344: 6333: 6324: 6314: 6305: 6299: 6290: 6283: 6274: 6268: 6259: 6256: 2750 BCE 6255: 6245: 6173:Kamakura period 6128:pottery vessels 6105: 6092: 6078: 6071: 6068: 6050: 6041: 6030: 6021: 5997: 5988: 5978: 5969: 5958: 5949: 5938: 5929: 5917: 5908: 5899: 5890: 5878:container with 5872: 5863: 5856: 5847: 5820: 5811: 5808: 5798:Terracotta Army 5794: 5785: 5782: 5772: 5763: 5752: 5693:Terracotta Army 5677: 1500 BCE 5676: 5641: 5625:Main articles: 5623: 5616: 5609: 5600: 5591: 5577: 5568: 5557: 5548: 5538: 5529: 5522: 5513: 5502: 5493: 5471: 5441:, and then the 5387:Classical Greek 5354: 5348: 5343: 5336: 5329:The Greek Slave 5321: 5312: 5309: 5296: 5287: 5275: 5266: 5250: 5193: 5187: 5180: 5167: 5158: 5156:Musée du Louvre 5145: 5136: 5130:Francesco Mochi 5126: 5117: 5107: 5012: 5006: 4999: 4984: 4975: 4963: 4954: 4942: 4933: 4916: 4812: 4806: 4799: 4796: 4781: 4772: 4761: 4746: 4737: 4726:Doubting Thomas 4718: 4709: 4703: 4694: 4688:Palazzo Vecchio 4683: 4668: 4659: 4653:Bargello Museum 4648: 4634: 4625: 4617: 4604: 4595: 4581:, panel of the 4576: 4445: 4437:Main articles: 4417: 4383: 4376: 4354: 4345: 4332: 4323: 4312: 4303: 4286: 4277: 4272:Central German 4270: 4261: 4251: 4242: 4227: 4218: 4203: 4194: 4175: 4166: 4159:Reims Cathedral 4157:West portal at 4155: 4146: 4142: 4132: 4123: 4119: 4111:West portal of 4109: 3997:Reims Cathedral 3987: 3965: 3959: 3952: 3951:–13th centuries 3948: 3931: 3922: 3912: 3903: 3902:, France, 1130s 3892: 3883: 3871: 3832:Cloisters Cross 3709: 3703: 3696: 3682: 3673: 3666: 3657: 3650:Archangel Ivory 3646: 3567:Carolingian art 3561:productions of 3522: 3504: 3486: 3479: 3467: 3453: 3444: 3433: 3422: 3413: 3409: 3396: 3387: 3385:Vatican Museums 3372: 3362: 3353: 3350: 3341: 3339:Vatican Museums 3326: 3317: 3310: 3301: 3292: 3263:Ernst Kitzinger 3254: 3230:pottery vessels 3205:Campana reliefs 3185:Marcus Aurelius 3081:Trajan's Column 3073: 3071:Roman sculpture 3067: 3065:Roman sculpture 3062: 3055: 3051: 3036: 3027: 3015:, Greek, (Late 3008: 2999: 2988: 2977: 2968: 2961: 2949: 2940: 2931: 2922: 2919: 2910: 2898: 2889: 2882: 2807:Vatican Museums 2785:Republican Rome 2741: 2724:Ludovisi Hermes 2648: 2641: 2619: 2610: 2607: 2597: 2586: 2571: 2562: 2548: 2539: 2532: 2526:New York Kouros 2522: 2513: 2510: 2501: 2497: 2491: 2482: 2479: 2396:The subsequent 2364: 2358: 2353: 2346: 2332: 2323: 2313: 2304: 2283: 2274: 2268: 1250 BCE 2267: 2256: 2247: 2245:Egyptian Museum 2237: 2228: 2219: 2216: 2207: 2201: 2192: 2182: 2105: 2075: 2068: 2056: 2047: 2036: 2027: 2020: 2011: 2008:Guennol Lioness 2004: 1988:Lachish reliefs 1891:Guennol Lioness 1877:, dominated by 1852: 1840:Main articles: 1838: 1831: 1820: 1811: 1801: 1792: 1789: 1776: 1767: 1759: 1751: 1742: 1730: 1726: 1723:Creeping Hyena, 1720: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1697: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1670: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1643: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1619:anthropomorphic 1600: 1564: 1520: 1513:Venus figurines 1509:prehistoric art 1507:Much surviving 1497: 1490:anthropomorphic 1467: 1462: 1452: 1448: 1438: 1382: 1350:Giovanni Pisano 1283: 1259:Claes Oldenburg 1255:soft sculptures 1251: 1207: 1178: 1172: 1146:Shanghai Museum 1115: 982: 925:stones such as 891:Stone sculpture 884: 870: 717: 488: 458: 430:physical motion 410:light sculpture 406:sound sculpture 383:Statue of Unity 285: 122: 98: 49: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 15105: 15095: 15094: 15089: 15084: 15079: 15062: 15061: 15059: 15058: 15053: 15048: 15042: 15039: 15038: 15036: 15035: 15022: 15017: 15016: 15015: 15005: 15000: 14999: 14998: 14996:by nationality 14993: 14983: 14978: 14976:Modern artists 14973: 14968: 14963: 14958: 14953: 14952: 14951: 14946: 14941: 14936: 14926: 14921: 14919:Art techniques 14916: 14911: 14905: 14903: 14899: 14898: 14896: 14895: 14890: 14885: 14880: 14879: 14878: 14873: 14863: 14858: 14853: 14852: 14851: 14846: 14836: 14831: 14826: 14821: 14820: 14819: 14809: 14808: 14807: 14805:deaccessioning 14797: 14792: 14785: 14780: 14774: 14772: 14768: 14767: 14765: 14764: 14759: 14758: 14757: 14747: 14746: 14745: 14735: 14730: 14725: 14720: 14714: 14712: 14710:History of art 14706: 14705: 14703: 14702: 14700:Virtual museum 14697: 14692: 14687: 14682: 14677: 14672: 14667: 14662: 14657: 14652: 14647: 14642: 14641: 14640: 14630: 14629: 14628: 14618: 14617: 14616: 14606: 14605: 14604: 14597:Art exhibition 14594: 14589: 14584: 14578: 14576: 14570: 14569: 14567: 14566: 14565: 14564: 14554: 14549: 14544: 14539: 14534: 14529: 14528: 14527: 14522: 14512: 14507: 14501: 14499: 14495: 14494: 14492: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14479:Soft sculpture 14476: 14471: 14466: 14465: 14464: 14459: 14454: 14449: 14439: 14438: 14437: 14427: 14422: 14417: 14412: 14407: 14402: 14401: 14400: 14395: 14390: 14380: 14379: 14378: 14373: 14363: 14362: 14361: 14351: 14346: 14341: 14336: 14331: 14326: 14321: 14316: 14314:Conceptual art 14311: 14306: 14300: 14298: 14294: 14293: 14282: 14281: 14274: 14267: 14259: 14250: 14249: 14247: 14246: 14240: 14237: 14236: 14234: 14233: 14228: 14223: 14218: 14213: 14208: 14203: 14198: 14193: 14188: 14183: 14178: 14173: 14168: 14163: 14162: 14161: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14131: 14125: 14122: 14121: 14114: 14113: 14106: 14099: 14091: 14082: 14081: 14079: 14078: 14073: 14062: 14059: 14058: 14056: 14055: 14047: 14041: 14037:Mother Ukraine 14033: 14025: 14017: 14009: 14000: 13992: 13986: 13978: 13970: 13962: 13953: 13945: 13939: 13933: 13925: 13917: 13909: 13903: 13897: 13891: 13885: 13879: 13871: 13863: 13857: 13849: 13843: 13833: 13827: 13820: 13818: 13814: 13813: 13811: 13810: 13805: 13800: 13795: 13790: 13785: 13780: 13775: 13770: 13765: 13760: 13755: 13749: 13747: 13743: 13742: 13740: 13739: 13734: 13729: 13724: 13719: 13714: 13709: 13704: 13699: 13694: 13689: 13684: 13679: 13674: 13669: 13663: 13661: 13657: 13656: 13654: 13653: 13648: 13643: 13641:Negative space 13638: 13632: 13630: 13626: 13625: 13623: 13622: 13617: 13612: 13607: 13605:Jain sculpture 13602: 13597: 13592: 13586: 13584: 13580: 13579: 13577: 13576: 13571: 13566: 13564:Soft sculpture 13561: 13556: 13551: 13546: 13541: 13536: 13531: 13526: 13521: 13516: 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13490: 13488: 13484: 13483: 13476: 13475: 13468: 13461: 13453: 13447: 13446: 13440: 13426:, ed. (1911). 13424:Chisholm, Hugh 13420: 13407: 13402: 13391: 13390:External links 13388: 13386: 13385: 13371: 13357: 13342: 13327: 13310: 13296: 13286:Neomaterialism 13282: 13268: 13262: 13245: 13238: 13224: 13210: 13193: 13179: 13161: 13147: 13130: 13113: 13099: 13085: 13073:Harle, J. C., 13071: 13056: 13039: 13022: 13007: 12990: 12978:Cherry, John. 12976: 12962: 12948: 12933: 12919:Boardman, John 12916: 12899: 12884: 12882: 12879: 12877: 12876: 12857: 12835: 12809: 12791: 12757: 12742: 12723: 12704: 12691: 12670: 12649: 12632: 12623: 12610: 12586: 12577: 12553: 12541: 12532: 12520: 12511: 12502: 12493: 12484: 12472: 12463: 12454: 12445: 12443:Harle, 276–84. 12436: 12427: 12418: 12409: 12397: 12388: 12379: 12370: 12358: 12343: 12334: 12315: 12282: 12248: 12239: 12230: 12228:Rawson, 163–65 12221: 12212: 12203: 12194: 12185: 12176: 12167: 12158: 12149: 12145:Cornaro chapel 12136: 12127: 12125:Olson, 182–83. 12118: 12116:Olson, 183–87. 12109: 12107:Olson, 179–82. 12100: 12091: 12082: 12080:Olson, 149–50. 12073: 12064: 12055: 12046: 12037: 12028: 12020:V&A Museum 12003: 11994: 11992:Snyder, 65–69. 11985: 11976: 11967: 11958: 11949: 11940: 11931: 11922: 11913: 11904: 11895: 11886: 11877: 11868: 11859: 11850: 11833: 11824: 11815: 11806: 11797: 11788: 11771: 11762: 11753: 11736: 11727: 11697: 11667: 11658: 11647: 11638: 11629: 11620: 11611: 11602: 11593: 11584: 11575: 11566: 11557: 11548: 11539: 11530: 11521: 11512: 11503: 11494: 11485: 11478: 11458: 11445: 11436: 11415: 11408: 11388: 11375: 11349: 11340: 11327: 11318: 11311: 11293: 11284: 11265: 11244: 11226: 11200: 11167: 11141: 11132: 11109: 11083: 11066: 11047: 11015: 10994: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10966: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10920: 10919: 10918: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10896: 10891: 10890: 10889: 10879: 10874: 10869: 10867:Marriage stone 10864: 10859: 10853: 10851: 10848: 10846: 10845: 10840: 10835: 10830: 10825: 10820: 10815: 10810: 10805: 10800: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10771: 10766: 10761: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10707:on a sculpture 10696: 10693: 10683:, designed by 10610: 10607: 10606: 10605: 10594: 10587: 10585: 10568: 10561: 10559: 10557:, Vienna, 2000 10547: 10540: 10538: 10524: 10517: 10515: 10505: 10498: 10496: 10486: 10479: 10475: 10473:Postminimalism 10470: 10469: 10468: 10454: 10447: 10445: 10427: 10420: 10418: 10401: 10394: 10392: 10379: 10372: 10370: 10356: 10349: 10345: 10342: 10314:, 1965, is by 10306:Conceptual art 10253:Postminimalist 10217:Michael Heizer 10130: 10127: 10126: 10125: 10110: 10103: 10101: 10096:Woman and Bird 10089: 10082: 10080: 10067: 10060: 10058: 10045: 10038: 10036: 10023: 10016: 10014: 9997: 9990: 9988: 9978: 9971: 9969: 9956: 9949: 9947: 9930: 9923: 9921: 9911: 9904: 9902: 9892: 9885: 9883: 9872:Käthe Kollwitz 9870: 9863: 9861: 9850: 9843: 9841: 9827: 9820: 9818: 9808:Marcel Duchamp 9806: 9799: 9797: 9789:Otto Gutfreund 9787: 9780: 9778: 9761: 9754: 9752: 9738: 9731: 9729: 9717: 9710: 9708: 9695: 9688: 9686: 9684:, 1908, bronze 9676: 9669: 9667: 9654: 9647: 9643: 9640: 9612:Leonard Baskin 9569:Mark di Suvero 9452:Julio González 9397:Marcel Duchamp 9393:Robert Arneson 9351:among others. 9313:Constructivism 9226:Main article: 9223: 9220: 9200:Arturo Martini 9180:Jose de Creeft 9125:Joseph Bernard 9110:Hugo Rheinhold 9078: 9077: 9067: 9060: 9058: 9044: 9037: 9035: 9022: 9015: 9013: 9001: 8994: 8992: 8978: 8971: 8969: 8953: 8946: 8944: 8927: 8920: 8918: 8897:Alfred Gilbert 8895: 8888: 8886: 8868: 8861: 8859: 8834:Per Hasselberg 8831: 8824: 8822: 8807: 8800: 8798: 8780: 8773: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8760: 8759: 8740: 8733: 8731: 8717: 8710: 8708: 8696: 8689: 8687: 8669: 8662: 8660: 8651:(1920) in the 8641: 8634: 8632: 8625:Beaumont Tower 8611: 8604: 8602: 8592: 8585: 8583: 8562:Mount Rushmore 8553:Gutzon Borglum 8551: 8544: 8376: 8373: 8372: 8371: 8344: 8337: 8335: 8332: 1000 CE 8322: 8315: 8313: 8307: 8300: 8298: 8292: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8261: 8259: 8249: 8242: 8240: 8230: 8223: 8221: 8210: 8203: 8201: 8194: 8187: 8185: 8179: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8160: 8158: 8156:2nd century CE 8152: 8145: 8143: 8137: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8118: 8116: 8110: 8103: 8099: 8096: 8029: 8026: 8025: 8024: 8013: 8006: 8004: 7989: 7982: 7980: 7973: 7966: 7964: 7950:Statue of the 7949: 7942: 7940: 7913: 7906: 7904: 7898: 7891: 7862: 7859: 7858: 7857: 7842: 7835: 7833: 7831:, 12th century 7822: 7815: 7813: 7806: 7799: 7797: 7791: 7784: 7782: 7771: 7764: 7700:Lalibela Cross 7691: 7688: 7687: 7686: 7680: 7673: 7671: 7669:, 19th century 7664: 7657: 7655: 7648: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7617: 7615: 7599: 7592: 7590: 7580: 7573: 7571: 7565: 7558: 7544:Zimbabwe Birds 7537:Great Zimbabwe 7429: 7426: 7425: 7424: 7402: 7395: 7393: 7382: 7375: 7373: 7366: 7359: 7357: 7349:Mshatta Facade 7346: 7339: 7298:Mshatta Facade 7274: 7271: 7270: 7269: 7258: 7251: 7249: 7236: 7229: 7227: 7220: 7213: 7211: 7194:Prajnaparamita 7192: 7185: 7183: 7166: 7159: 7157: 7136: 7129: 7127: 7117:Jayavarman VII 7114: 7107: 7105: 7095: 7088: 7086: 7065: 7058: 7056: 7046: 7039: 7037: 7019: 7012: 7010: 6985: 6978: 6976: 6959: 6952: 6950: 6930: 6923: 6921: 6903: 6896: 6831: 6828: 6827: 6826: 6823: 6816: 6814: 6800: 6793: 6791: 6774: 6767: 6765: 6759: 6752: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6734: 6727: 6720: 6718: 6696: 6689: 6687: 6681: 6674: 6672: 6662: 6655: 6653: 6646: 6639: 6637: 6620: 6613: 6611: 6608: 250 BCE 6591: 6584: 6582: 6571: 6564: 6451:in modern-day 6396: 6393: 6392: 6391: 6385: 6378: 6376: 6369: 6362: 6360: 6354: 6347: 6345: 6334: 6327: 6325: 6315: 6308: 6306: 6300: 6293: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6275: 6269: 6262: 6260: 6246: 6239: 6077: 6074: 6073: 6072: 6051: 6044: 6042: 6031: 6024: 6022: 6008:Blanc de Chine 5998: 5991: 5989: 5987:, 12th century 5979: 5972: 5970: 5959: 5952: 5950: 5939: 5932: 5930: 5918: 5911: 5909: 5900: 5893: 5891: 5873: 5866: 5864: 5857: 5850: 5848: 5821: 5814: 5812: 5795: 5788: 5786: 5773: 5766: 5764: 5753: 5746: 5622: 5619: 5618: 5617: 5601: 5594: 5592: 5578: 5571: 5569: 5558: 5551: 5549: 5539: 5532: 5530: 5523: 5516: 5514: 5512:, Afghanistan. 5503: 5496: 5494: 5472: 5465: 5459:Dunhuang Caves 5379:Greco-Buddhism 5350:Main article: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5338: 5337: 5322: 5315: 5313: 5297: 5290: 5288: 5276: 5269: 5267: 5251: 5244: 5226:Antonio Canova 5222:Antonio Canova 5200:Antonio Canova 5189:Main article: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5181: 5168: 5161: 5159: 5146: 5139: 5137: 5127: 5120: 5118: 5108: 5101: 5083:Trevi Fountain 5071:tomb monuments 5008:Main article: 5005: 5002: 5001: 5000: 4985: 4978: 4976: 4964: 4957: 4955: 4943: 4936: 4934: 4917: 4910: 4808:Main article: 4805: 4802: 4801: 4800: 4782: 4775: 4773: 4747: 4740: 4738: 4719: 4712: 4710: 4704: 4697: 4695: 4669: 4662: 4660: 4635: 4628: 4626: 4605: 4598: 4596: 4577: 4570: 4382: 4379: 4378: 4377: 4356:Detail of the 4355: 4348: 4346: 4333: 4326: 4324: 4313: 4306: 4304: 4287: 4280: 4278: 4271: 4264: 4262: 4252: 4245: 4243: 4231:Walters Casket 4228: 4221: 4219: 4204: 4197: 4195: 4176: 4169: 4167: 4156: 4149: 4147: 4133: 4126: 4124: 4110: 4103: 4068:Scaliger Tombs 3961:Main article: 3958: 3955: 3954: 3953: 3932: 3925: 3923: 3913: 3906: 3904: 3893: 3886: 3884: 3872: 3865: 3851:Lewis chessmen 3742:Romanesque art 3717:Brunswick Lion 3707:Romanesque art 3705:Main article: 3702: 3699: 3698: 3697: 3683: 3676: 3674: 3667: 3660: 3658: 3655:Constantinople 3647: 3640: 3630:Pictish stones 3523: 965–970 3485: 3482: 3481: 3480: 3478:and his family 3459:known as the " 3454: 3447: 3445: 3423: 3416: 3414: 3397: 3390: 3388: 3363: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3344: 3342: 3327: 3320: 3318: 3311: 3304: 3302: 3293: 3286: 3259:Constantinople 3247:Four Tetrarchs 3218:Gemma Augustea 3123:Roman Republic 3069:Main article: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3057: 3056: 3037: 3030: 3028: 3025:Vatican Museum 3009: 3002: 3000: 2978: 2971: 2969: 2962: 190 BCE 2950: 2943: 2941: 2932: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2913: 2911: 2899: 2892: 2890: 2883: 2876: 2856:Greek colonies 2837:Barberini Faun 2812:The Dying Gaul 2793:Pergamon Altar 2749:Pergamon Altar 2740: 2737: 2647: 2644: 2643: 2642: 2635:Archaic period 2620: 2613: 2611: 2598: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2578:, c. 530 BCE, 2572: 2565: 2563: 2549: 2542: 2540: 2523: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2504: 2502: 2492: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2473: 2432:were added to 2422:Kroisos Kouros 2406:Archaic period 2360:Main article: 2357: 2356:Ancient Greece 2354: 2352: 2349: 2348: 2347: 2333: 2326: 2324: 2314: 2307: 2305: 2284: 2277: 2275: 2272:British Museum 2261:Younger Memnon 2257: 2250: 2248: 2229: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2210: 2208: 2202: 2195: 2193: 2189:Narmer Palette 2183: 2176: 2117:Narmer Palette 2074: 2071: 2070: 2069: 2064:, c. 640 BCE, 2057: 2050: 2048: 2044:Old Babylonian 2037: 2030: 2028: 2021: 2014: 2012: 2005: 1998: 1978:British Museum 1942:cylinder seals 1887:cylinder seals 1837: 1834: 1833: 1832: 1821: 1814: 1812: 1802: 1795: 1793: 1777: 1770: 1768: 1752: 1745: 1743: 1721: 1714: 1712: 1698: 1691: 1689: 1671: 1664: 1662: 1644: 1637: 1635: 1601: 1594: 1563: 1560: 1494:woolly mammoth 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1437: 1434: 1381: 1378: 1310:ancient Greece 1282: 1279: 1250: 1249:Soft materials 1247: 1206: 1203: 1171: 1168: 1160:moulding glass 1114: 1111: 1045:silversmithing 995:, 8 x 9.8 cm, 981: 978: 885: 500 BCE 869: 866: 846:sand sculpture 784:cylinder seals 716: 713: 709:Oxborough Dirk 643:Narmer Palette 628:Begram ivories 624:Nimrud ivories 457: 454: 284: 281: 239:ancient Greece 162:Antony Gormley 135:Pope Julius II 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15104: 15093: 15090: 15088: 15085: 15083: 15080: 15078: 15075: 15074: 15072: 15057: 15054: 15052: 15049: 15047: 15044: 15043: 15040: 15034: 15030: 15026: 15023: 15021: 15018: 15014: 15011: 15010: 15009: 15006: 15004: 15003:Photographers 15001: 14997: 14994: 14992: 14989: 14988: 14987: 14984: 14982: 14979: 14977: 14974: 14972: 14969: 14967: 14964: 14962: 14959: 14957: 14954: 14950: 14949:single artist 14947: 14945: 14942: 14940: 14937: 14935: 14932: 14931: 14930: 14927: 14925: 14924:Art movements 14922: 14920: 14917: 14915: 14912: 14910: 14909:Art magazines 14907: 14906: 14904: 14900: 14894: 14891: 14889: 14886: 14884: 14881: 14877: 14874: 14872: 14869: 14868: 14867: 14864: 14862: 14859: 14857: 14854: 14850: 14849:art valuation 14847: 14845: 14842: 14841: 14840: 14837: 14835: 14832: 14830: 14827: 14825: 14822: 14818: 14815: 14814: 14813: 14810: 14806: 14803: 14802: 14801: 14798: 14796: 14793: 14791: 14790: 14786: 14784: 14781: 14779: 14776: 14775: 14773: 14769: 14763: 14760: 14756: 14753: 14752: 14751: 14748: 14744: 14741: 14740: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14733:Art movements 14731: 14729: 14728:Art manifesto 14726: 14724: 14721: 14719: 14716: 14715: 14713: 14711: 14707: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14678: 14676: 14673: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14663: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14651: 14650:Arts festival 14648: 14646: 14643: 14639: 14636: 14635: 14634: 14631: 14627: 14624: 14623: 14622: 14619: 14615: 14612: 14611: 14610: 14607: 14603: 14600: 14599: 14598: 14595: 14593: 14590: 14588: 14585: 14583: 14580: 14579: 14577: 14571: 14563: 14560: 14559: 14558: 14555: 14553: 14550: 14548: 14545: 14543: 14540: 14538: 14535: 14533: 14530: 14526: 14523: 14521: 14518: 14517: 14516: 14513: 14511: 14508: 14506: 14503: 14502: 14500: 14496: 14490: 14489:Artwork title 14487: 14485: 14484:Stained glass 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14463: 14460: 14458: 14455: 14453: 14450: 14448: 14445: 14444: 14443: 14440: 14436: 14433: 14432: 14431: 14428: 14426: 14423: 14421: 14418: 14416: 14413: 14411: 14408: 14406: 14403: 14399: 14396: 14394: 14391: 14389: 14386: 14385: 14384: 14383:New media art 14381: 14377: 14374: 14372: 14369: 14368: 14367: 14364: 14360: 14357: 14356: 14355: 14352: 14350: 14347: 14345: 14342: 14340: 14337: 14335: 14332: 14330: 14327: 14325: 14322: 14320: 14317: 14315: 14312: 14310: 14307: 14305: 14304:Appropriation 14302: 14301: 14299: 14295: 14291: 14287: 14280: 14275: 14273: 14268: 14266: 14261: 14260: 14257: 14245: 14242: 14241: 14238: 14232: 14229: 14227: 14224: 14222: 14219: 14217: 14214: 14212: 14209: 14207: 14204: 14202: 14199: 14197: 14194: 14192: 14189: 14187: 14184: 14182: 14179: 14177: 14174: 14172: 14169: 14167: 14164: 14160: 14159:pallet crafts 14157: 14156: 14155: 14152: 14150: 14147: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14135: 14132: 14130: 14127: 14126: 14123: 14119: 14112: 14107: 14105: 14100: 14098: 14093: 14092: 14089: 14077: 14074: 14072: 14064: 14063: 14060: 14053: 14052: 14048: 14045: 14042: 14039: 14038: 14034: 14031: 14030: 14026: 14023: 14022: 14018: 14015: 14014: 14010: 14007: 14006: 14001: 13998: 13997: 13993: 13990: 13987: 13984: 13983: 13979: 13976: 13975: 13971: 13968: 13967: 13963: 13960: 13958: 13954: 13951: 13950: 13946: 13943: 13940: 13937: 13934: 13931: 13930: 13929:Veiled Christ 13926: 13923: 13922: 13918: 13915: 13914: 13910: 13907: 13904: 13901: 13898: 13895: 13892: 13889: 13886: 13883: 13880: 13878:(130–100 BCE) 13877: 13876: 13875:Venus de Milo 13872: 13869: 13868: 13864: 13862:(246–210 BCE) 13861: 13858: 13855: 13854: 13850: 13847: 13844: 13841: 13837: 13836:Elgin Marbles 13834: 13832:(c. 1264 BCE) 13831: 13828: 13825: 13822: 13821: 13819: 13815: 13809: 13806: 13804: 13801: 13799: 13796: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13764: 13761: 13759: 13756: 13754: 13751: 13750: 13748: 13744: 13738: 13735: 13733: 13730: 13728: 13725: 13723: 13720: 13718: 13715: 13713: 13710: 13708: 13705: 13703: 13700: 13698: 13695: 13693: 13690: 13688: 13685: 13683: 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13670: 13668: 13665: 13664: 13662: 13658: 13652: 13649: 13647: 13644: 13642: 13639: 13637: 13634: 13633: 13631: 13627: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13587: 13585: 13581: 13575: 13572: 13570: 13567: 13565: 13562: 13560: 13557: 13555: 13552: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13519:Gas sculpture 13517: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13491: 13489: 13485: 13481: 13474: 13469: 13467: 13462: 13460: 13455: 13454: 13451: 13445: 13441: 13437: 13436: 13430: 13425: 13421: 13418: 13414: 13411: 13408: 13406: 13403: 13401: 13397: 13394: 13393: 13384: 13380: 13376: 13372: 13370: 13369:0-300-05293-6 13366: 13362: 13358: 13355: 13351: 13347: 13343: 13340: 13336: 13332: 13328: 13326: 13325:0-13-623596-4 13322: 13318: 13314: 13313:Snyder, James 13311: 13309: 13308:0-300-07747-5 13305: 13301: 13297: 13295: 13291: 13287: 13283: 13281: 13277: 13273: 13269: 13265: 13259: 13255: 13254: 13251: 13246: 13243: 13239: 13237: 13233: 13229: 13225: 13223: 13222:3-7913-3055-1 13219: 13215: 13211: 13209: 13205: 13201: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13188: 13184: 13180: 13177: 13176:0-571-11154-8 13173: 13169: 13165: 13162: 13160: 13159:0-415-08993-X 13156: 13152: 13148: 13146: 13145:0-333-37185-2 13142: 13138: 13134: 13131: 13129: 13128:0-14-056108-0 13125: 13121: 13117: 13114: 13112: 13111:0-7148-2214-0 13108: 13104: 13100: 13098: 13097:0-14-020806-2 13094: 13090: 13086: 13084: 13083:0-300-06217-6 13080: 13076: 13072: 13069: 13068:1-4259-4496-5 13065: 13061: 13057: 13055: 13054:0-14-056107-2 13051: 13047: 13043: 13040: 13038: 13037:0-7190-0926-X 13034: 13030: 13026: 13025:Dodwell, C.R. 13023: 13020: 13016: 13012: 13008: 13006: 13005:0-14-021866-1 13002: 12998: 12994: 12991: 12989: 12988:0-7141-2820-1 12985: 12981: 12977: 12975: 12974:0-525-47561-3 12971: 12967: 12963: 12961: 12960:0-520-07628-1 12957: 12953: 12949: 12946: 12942: 12938: 12934: 12932: 12931:0-19-814386-9 12928: 12925:, OUP, 1993, 12924: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12914:0-19-881050-4 12911: 12907: 12903: 12902:Blunt Anthony 12900: 12898: 12897:0-500-20307-5 12894: 12890: 12886: 12885: 12873: 12869: 12866: 12861: 12854: 12850: 12847: 12845: 12839: 12823: 12819: 12813: 12805: 12801: 12795: 12779: 12775: 12771: 12769: 12761: 12755: 12752: 12746: 12740: 12736: 12732: 12727: 12721: 12717: 12713: 12708: 12701: 12695: 12688: 12684: 12681: 12680: 12674: 12667: 12666:0-19-513381-1 12663: 12659: 12653: 12646: 12642: 12636: 12627: 12620: 12614: 12607: 12603: 12599: 12596: 12593:March 2011. " 12590: 12581: 12574: 12570: 12566: 12563: 12557: 12548: 12546: 12536: 12527: 12525: 12515: 12506: 12497: 12488: 12479: 12477: 12467: 12458: 12449: 12440: 12431: 12422: 12413: 12407:Harle, 26–38. 12404: 12402: 12395:Harle, 22–24. 12392: 12386:Harle, 17–20. 12383: 12374: 12367: 12362: 12355: 12352: 12347: 12338: 12331: 12327: 12324: 12319: 12303: 12299: 12295: 12289: 12287: 12270: 12266: 12262: 12255: 12253: 12243: 12234: 12225: 12216: 12207: 12198: 12189: 12180: 12171: 12162: 12153: 12146: 12140: 12131: 12122: 12113: 12104: 12095: 12086: 12077: 12068: 12059: 12050: 12041: 12032: 12025: 12021: 12018: 12014: 12011: 12007: 11998: 11989: 11980: 11971: 11962: 11953: 11944: 11935: 11926: 11917: 11908: 11899: 11890: 11881: 11872: 11866:Henig, 66–71. 11863: 11857:Henig, 23–24. 11854: 11847: 11843: 11837: 11828: 11819: 11813:Cook, 155–58. 11810: 11804:Cook, 142–54. 11801: 11795:Cook, 142–56. 11792: 11785: 11781: 11775: 11769:Cook, 131–41. 11766: 11760:Cook, 119–31. 11757: 11750: 11746: 11740: 11731: 11720:September 23, 11715: 11711: 11707: 11701: 11690:September 23, 11685: 11681: 11677: 11671: 11662: 11656: 11651: 11645:Smith, 89–90. 11642: 11633: 11624: 11615: 11609:Smith, 21–24. 11606: 11597: 11588: 11579: 11570: 11561: 11552: 11543: 11534: 11525: 11516: 11507: 11498: 11489: 11481: 11475: 11471: 11470: 11462: 11455: 11449: 11440: 11433: 11429: 11425: 11419: 11411: 11405: 11401: 11400: 11392: 11385: 11379: 11363: 11359: 11353: 11344: 11337: 11331: 11322: 11314: 11308: 11304: 11297: 11288: 11281: 11277: 11274: 11269: 11261: 11255: 11247: 11241: 11237: 11230: 11214: 11210: 11204: 11185: 11178: 11171: 11155: 11151: 11145: 11136: 11130: 11126: 11123: 11119: 11118:Gods in Color 11113: 11097: 11093: 11087: 11080: 11079:Julius Caesar 11076: 11070: 11063: 11059: 11056: 11051: 11045: 11041: 11037: 11036: 11032: 11029: 11022: 11020: 11013: 11009: 11006: 11001: 10999: 10992:(in Italian). 10991: 10987: 10984: 10979: 10975: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10921: 10916: 10910: 10905: 10895: 10892: 10888: 10885: 10884: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10857:Architectural 10855: 10854: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10793:Electrotyping 10791: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10780: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10760: 10757: 10756: 10744: 10741: 10736: 10734: 10730: 10729:sulfuric acid 10726: 10722: 10718: 10714: 10706: 10701: 10692: 10690: 10686: 10682: 10678: 10674: 10670: 10665: 10661: 10657: 10653: 10652:Ice sculpture 10649: 10645: 10641: 10637: 10633: 10625: 10621: 10620: 10615: 10602: 10598: 10591: 10586: 10583: 10579: 10575: 10571: 10565: 10560: 10556: 10555: 10550: 10544: 10539: 10535: 10534:Israel Museum 10531: 10527: 10521: 10516: 10512: 10511:Fettered wing 10508: 10502: 10497: 10493: 10489: 10483: 10478: 10477: 10474: 10465: 10464:Israel Museum 10461: 10457: 10451: 10446: 10442: 10438: 10437:Cor-ten steel 10434: 10430: 10429:Richard Serra 10424: 10419: 10416: 10412: 10408: 10404: 10398: 10393: 10390: 10386: 10382: 10376: 10371: 10367: 10363: 10359: 10353: 10348: 10347: 10341: 10339: 10338:Jacek Tylicki 10335: 10334:James Turrell 10331: 10327: 10323: 10322: 10317: 10316:Joseph Kosuth 10313: 10312: 10307: 10303: 10302:in new ways. 10301: 10297: 10293: 10292:John DeAndrea 10289: 10285: 10281: 10280:Nam June Paik 10277: 10273: 10269: 10265: 10261: 10256: 10254: 10250: 10246: 10242: 10241:Keith Sonnier 10238: 10237:Jackie Winsor 10234: 10230: 10226: 10222: 10221:James Turrell 10218: 10214: 10210: 10206: 10202: 10198: 10194: 10193:George Rickey 10190: 10186: 10185:Richard Serra 10182: 10178: 10174: 10170: 10166: 10165:Site specific 10159: 10154: 10150: 10143: 10139: 10135: 10123: 10119: 10118: 10113: 10107: 10102: 10098: 10097: 10092: 10086: 10081: 10078: 10074: 10070: 10064: 10059: 10056: 10053:, 1970–1973, 10052: 10048: 10042: 10037: 10034: 10030: 10026: 10020: 10015: 10012: 10008: 10004: 10000: 9999:George Rickey 9994: 9989: 9985: 9981: 9980:Pablo Picasso 9975: 9970: 9967: 9963: 9959: 9953: 9948: 9945: 9941: 9937: 9933: 9927: 9922: 9918: 9914: 9908: 9903: 9899: 9895: 9889: 9884: 9881: 9877: 9873: 9867: 9862: 9858: 9854: 9847: 9842: 9838: 9834: 9833:Day and Night 9830: 9829:Jacob Epstein 9824: 9819: 9815: 9814: 9809: 9803: 9798: 9794: 9790: 9784: 9779: 9776: 9772: 9768: 9764: 9758: 9753: 9749: 9745: 9741: 9735: 9730: 9726: 9725: 9720: 9714: 9709: 9706: 9702: 9698: 9692: 9687: 9683: 9679: 9678:Henri Matisse 9673: 9668: 9665: 9661: 9657: 9651: 9646: 9645: 9639: 9637: 9633: 9632:Robert Graham 9629: 9625: 9621: 9617: 9613: 9608: 9606: 9602: 9598: 9594: 9593:Richard Serra 9590: 9586: 9582: 9578: 9577:Robert Morris 9574: 9570: 9566: 9562: 9559:, as well as 9558: 9554: 9550: 9546: 9543:By the 1960s 9541: 9539: 9535: 9531: 9527: 9526:George Rickey 9523: 9519: 9518:Jean Tinguely 9515: 9511: 9507: 9506:Isamu Noguchi 9501: 9499: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9487:war memorials 9483: 9481: 9477: 9473: 9472:Jean Tinguely 9469: 9465: 9461: 9457: 9456:Pablo Serrano 9453: 9449: 9445: 9441: 9437: 9433: 9428: 9426: 9425: 9424:Bird in Space 9419: 9414: 9412: 9411: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9394: 9390: 9389:Kenneth Price 9386: 9385:Peter Voulkos 9382: 9381:George E. Ohr 9378: 9374: 9370: 9366: 9362: 9357: 9356:Pablo Picasso 9352: 9350: 9346: 9342: 9338: 9334: 9330: 9326: 9322: 9318: 9314: 9310: 9306: 9302: 9298: 9294: 9288: 9284: 9283:Israel Museum 9280: 9276: 9272: 9266: 9262: 9261: 9256: 9252: 9246: 9242: 9238: 9234: 9229: 9219: 9217: 9216:Marcel Gimond 9213: 9209: 9205: 9204:Giacomo Manzù 9201: 9197: 9196:Ernst Barlach 9193: 9189: 9185: 9181: 9177: 9172: 9168: 9166: 9162: 9158: 9157:Soviet Russia 9154: 9150: 9146: 9142: 9138: 9134: 9130: 9126: 9122: 9118: 9113: 9111: 9107: 9103: 9102:Impressionist 9099: 9098:Auguste Rodin 9095: 9094:Lord Leighton 9091: 9087: 9086:François Rude 9083: 9075: 9071: 9064: 9059: 9055: 9051: 9047: 9041: 9036: 9033: 9029: 9025: 9019: 9014: 9010: 9009: 9004: 8998: 8993: 8989: 8985: 8984:Day and Night 8981: 8975: 8970: 8966: 8962: 8961: 8956: 8955:Auguste Rodin 8950: 8945: 8941: 8940:Musée d'Orsay 8937: 8935: 8930: 8924: 8919: 8916: 8912: 8908: 8904: 8903: 8898: 8892: 8887: 8884: 8880: 8876: 8875: 8871: 8870:Auguste Rodin 8865: 8860: 8856: 8852: 8848: 8844: 8840: 8839: 8835: 8828: 8823: 8820: 8817:, 1857–1860, 8816: 8815: 8810: 8804: 8799: 8796: 8792: 8791: 8790:Jeanne d' Arc 8787: 8783: 8782:François Rude 8777: 8772: 8771: 8757: 8756:Cody, Wyoming 8753: 8749: 8748: 8743: 8737: 8732: 8728: 8724: 8720: 8714: 8709: 8705: 8704: 8699: 8693: 8688: 8685: 8681: 8677: 8673: 8666: 8661: 8658: 8654: 8650: 8649: 8644: 8638: 8633: 8630: 8626: 8622: 8618: 8614: 8608: 8603: 8599: 8595: 8589: 8584: 8580: 8576: 8572: 8568: 8564: 8563: 8558: 8555:and his son, 8554: 8548: 8543: 8542: 8541: 8538: 8534: 8530: 8526: 8522: 8518: 8514: 8510: 8506: 8502: 8497: 8495: 8491: 8487: 8483: 8478: 8477: 8472: 8468: 8464: 8459: 8457: 8453: 8449: 8445: 8441: 8437: 8436:North America 8422: 8418: 8417: 8412: 8408: 8395: 8391: 8387: 8383: 8379: 8375:North America 8361: 8357: 8353: 8349: 8348: 8341: 8336: 8326: 8323:Atlante from 8319: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8299: 8295: 8289: 8284: 8277: 8272: 8265: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8246: 8241: 8237: 8236:stirrup spout 8233: 8227: 8222: 8218: 8214: 8207: 8202: 8198: 8191: 8186: 8182: 8176: 8171: 8164: 8159: 8155: 8149: 8144: 8140: 8134: 8129: 8122: 8117: 8113: 8107: 8102: 8101: 8098:Pre-Columbian 8095: 8093: 8089: 8085: 8081: 8077: 8073: 8069: 8065: 8061: 8057: 8056:Latin America 8051: 8047: 8043: 8039: 8035: 8021: 8017: 8010: 8005: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7992:Arikhankharer 7986: 7981: 7977: 7970: 7965: 7961: 7957: 7953: 7946: 7941: 7938:, 690–664 BCE 7937: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7917: 7910: 7905: 7902: 7901:Kerma culture 7895: 7890: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7877:Kerma culture 7874: 7873:ancient Sudan 7868: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7839: 7834: 7830: 7829:Zagwe dynasty 7826: 7819: 7814: 7810: 7803: 7798: 7795: 7788: 7783: 7779: 7775: 7768: 7763: 7762: 7761: 7759: 7755: 7751: 7747: 7743: 7739: 7735: 7731: 7730:Ezana of Axum 7727: 7723: 7719: 7718:Christian art 7715: 7711: 7707: 7701: 7697: 7696:Ethiopian art 7683: 7677: 7672: 7668: 7661: 7656: 7652: 7651:Benin Bronzes 7645: 7640: 7633: 7628: 7621: 7616: 7606: 7602: 7596: 7591: 7587: 7583: 7577: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7557: 7556: 7555: 7553: 7549: 7545: 7542: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7526: 7521: 7519: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7503: 7502:Benin Bronzes 7498: 7493: 7490: 7485: 7483: 7478: 7474: 7469: 7460: 7450: 7445: 7439: 7434: 7421: 7417: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7399: 7394: 7390: 7386: 7379: 7374: 7370: 7363: 7358: 7354: 7350: 7343: 7338: 7337: 7336: 7334: 7333:Islamic Spain 7330: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7310: 7305: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7291: 7287: 7279: 7266: 7262: 7255: 7250: 7240: 7233: 7228: 7224: 7217: 7212: 7203:, Indonesia, 7202: 7198: 7195: 7189: 7184: 7174: 7170: 7163: 7158: 7148: 7144: 7140: 7139:Ananda Temple 7133: 7128: 7118: 7111: 7106: 7102: 7099: 7092: 7087: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7062: 7057: 7053: 7050: 7043: 7038: 7027: 7023: 7016: 7011: 7001: 6997: 6993: 6989: 6982: 6977: 6966: 6963: 6956: 6951: 6940: 6936: 6933: 6927: 6922: 6911: 6907: 6900: 6895: 6894: 6893: 6890: 6885: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6874:Buddha images 6870: 6868: 6864: 6860: 6856: 6852: 6848: 6841: 6836: 6820: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6803: 6797: 6792: 6789: 6778: 6771: 6766: 6762: 6756: 6751: 6747: 6740: 6735: 6731: 6724: 6719: 6716:, 6th century 6715: 6711: 6707: 6703: 6702:Rishabhanatha 6699: 6693: 6688: 6685: 6678: 6673: 6670: 6666: 6663:The Colossal 6659: 6654: 6650: 6643: 6638: 6633: 100 CE 6627: 6623: 6617: 6612: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6593:Ashoka Pillar 6588: 6583: 6579: 6575: 6568: 6563: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6555: 6554:Mahabalipuram 6551: 6547: 6536: 6532: 6527: 6524:, though the 6523: 6519: 6508: 6503: 6499: 6494: 6492: 6488: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6464: 6463: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6431: 6427: 6423: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6406: 6402: 6389: 6382: 6377: 6373: 6366: 6361: 6357: 6351: 6346: 6342: 6338: 6331: 6326: 6323: 6319: 6312: 6307: 6304: 6297: 6292: 6288: 6281: 6276: 6272: 6266: 6261: 6250: 6243: 6238: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6230: 6228: 6222: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6178: 6177:Minamoto clan 6174: 6169: 6167: 6166: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6150: 6146: 6145:Shaka Trinity 6142: 6137: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6122: 6115: 6111: 6100: 6099:Nara Daibutsu 6096: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6063: 6059: 6058:Yonghe Temple 6055: 6048: 6043: 6039: 6035: 6028: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6009: 6004: 6001: 5995: 5990: 5986: 5982: 5976: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5956: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5936: 5931: 5927: 5926: 5921: 5915: 5910: 5906: 5903: 5897: 5892: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5870: 5865: 5861: 5854: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5828:Shenmu County 5825: 5818: 5813: 5803: 5799: 5792: 5787: 5777: 5770: 5765: 5761: 5760:Shang dynasty 5757: 5750: 5745: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5720: 5718: 5712: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5697:Qin Shi Huang 5694: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5671: 5667: 5663: 5657: 5653: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5615: 5610: 547 CE 5604: 5598: 5593: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5575: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5555: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5536: 5531: 5527: 5520: 5515: 5511: 5507: 5500: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5469: 5464: 5463: 5462: 5460: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5429:and then the 5428: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5407: 5405: 5401: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5381:, a cultural 5380: 5376: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5353: 5335: 5331: 5330: 5325: 5319: 5314: 5304: 5300: 5294: 5289: 5285: 5284: 5279: 5273: 5268: 5265: 5261: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5243: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5235: 5232:and the Dane 5231: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5197: 5192: 5185:Neo-Classical 5178: 5175: 5171: 5165: 5160: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5143: 5138: 5135: 5131: 5124: 5119: 5116: 5112: 5105: 5100: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5056: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5030: 5026: 5025: 5020: 5016: 5011: 4998: 4994: 4993: 4988: 4982: 4977: 4973: 4972: 4967: 4961: 4956: 4952: 4951: 4946: 4940: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4926:Fontainebleau 4923: 4920: 4914: 4909: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4904: 4898: 4895:, originally 4894: 4890: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4874: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4860: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4831: 4827: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4811: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4779: 4774: 4771: 4767: 4756: 4755: 4750: 4744: 4739: 4736: 4732: 4729:, 1467–1483, 4728: 4727: 4722: 4716: 4711: 4707: 4701: 4696: 4693: 4689: 4678: 4677: 4672: 4666: 4661: 4658: 4654: 4644: 4643: 4638: 4632: 4627: 4623: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4597: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4574: 4569: 4568: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4558: 4557:Medici Chapel 4554: 4550: 4549: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4537: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4510: 4504: 4502: 4498: 4497: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4472: 4471: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4444: 4440: 4433: 4432: 4427: 4423: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4397: 4396: 4391: 4387: 4375: 4371: 4368:, 1501–1505, 4367: 4363: 4359: 4352: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4338: 4330: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4310: 4305: 4302: 4301:Well of Moses 4298: 4294: 4290: 4284: 4279: 4275: 4268: 4263: 4259: 4255: 4249: 4244: 4240: 4237:at left, and 4236: 4232: 4225: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4201: 4196: 4193: 4189: 4188: 4183: 4179: 4178:Nicola Pisano 4173: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4153: 4148: 4137: 4130: 4125: 4114: 4107: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4060: 4058: 4054: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4004:Nicola Pisano 4000: 3998: 3993: 3982: 3978: 3969: 3964: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3929: 3924: 3920: 3917:Cathedral of 3916: 3910: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3896:Vézelay Abbey 3890: 3885: 3881: 3880: 3875: 3869: 3864: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3840: 3837: 3833: 3828: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3809:Gniezno Doors 3806: 3801: 3797: 3794:. The bronze 3793: 3789: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3772: 3766: 3764: 3761:and in Spain 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3736: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3719: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3694: 3691: 3687: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3664: 3659: 3656: 3652: 3651: 3644: 3639: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3585:Byzantine art 3582: 3580: 3577:, as well as 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3528: 3517: 3512: 3499: 3495: 3490: 3477: 3473: 3462: 3458: 3451: 3446: 3443: 3439: 3428: 3427: 3420: 3415: 3410: 191 CE 3404: 3400: 3394: 3389: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3367: 3360: 3355: 3348: 3343: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3331: 3324: 3319: 3315: 3308: 3303: 3299: 3296: 3290: 3285: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3249: 3248: 3243: 3239: 3233: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3222:Gonzaga Cameo 3219: 3215: 3211: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3186: 3183:(CE 113) and 3182: 3178: 3172: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3102: 3096: 3092: 3086: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3046: 3045: 3040: 3034: 3029: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3013: 3006: 3001: 2998: 2994: 2983: 2982: 2981:Venus de Milo 2975: 2970: 2967: 2956: 2955: 2947: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2924: 2917: 2912: 2909:, 4th century 2908: 2904: 2903: 2896: 2891: 2887: 2886:Riace Bronzes 2880: 2875: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2870:engraved gems 2866: 2862: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2817:Ludovisi Gaul 2814: 2813: 2808: 2804: 2803: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2762: 2757: 2750: 2745: 2736: 2734: 2728: 2726: 2725: 2720: 2719: 2714: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2679: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2661: 2657: 2656:Elgin Marbles 2652: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2617: 2612: 2602: 2595: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2576: 2569: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2553: 2546: 2541: 2538: 2527: 2520: 2515: 2508: 2503: 2489: 2484: 2477: 2472: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2461:(much now in 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2425: 2423: 2419: 2418:archaic smile 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2394: 2391: 2387: 2379: 2376: 2375:ancient Greek 2372: 2368: 2363: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2330: 2325: 2322: 2318: 2311: 2306: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2281: 2276: 2273: 2263: 2262: 2254: 2249: 2246: 2241: 2232: 2226: 2221: 2214: 2209: 2205: 2199: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2180: 2175: 2174: 2173: 2171: 2170: 2165: 2164:reserve heads 2161: 2159: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2104: 2100: 2093: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2079: 2073:Ancient Egypt 2067: 2063: 2062: 2054: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2040:Burney Relief 2034: 2029: 2025: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2002: 1997: 1996: 1995: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1979: 1975: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1946:Burney Relief 1943: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1864: 1860: 1859:Cylinder seal 1856: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1829: 1825: 1818: 1813: 1809: 1806: 1799: 1794: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1757: 1756: 1749: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1735:mammoth ivory 1724: 1718: 1713: 1701: 1695: 1690: 1678: 1674: 1668: 1663: 1651: 1647: 1641: 1636: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1598: 1593: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1503: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1451:24,000–26,000 1446: 1442: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1410:Protestantism 1407: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1377: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1334:Nicola Pisano 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1234: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1219: 1211: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1177: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1147: 1143: 1140:from China's 1139: 1134: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1094:Stick welding 1091: 1087: 1083: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1052: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1008:copper alloys 1005: 998: 994: 990: 986: 977: 975: 970: 968: 964: 960: 959:Engraved gems 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 923:semi-precious 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 879: 874: 865: 863: 859: 858:found objects 855: 854:stained glass 851: 850:gas sculpture 847: 843: 842:ice sculpture 839: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 818:Pablo Picasso 814: 812: 808: 804: 800: 795: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 725: 721: 712: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 688: 686: 682: 678: 677:Byzantine art 672: 670: 665: 659: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 635: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 596: 593: 587: 585: 581: 577: 572: 570: 566: 561: 556: 553: 549: 545: 540: 538: 537: 532: 531: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 494: 483: 479: 472: 471:Easter Island 468: 467: 462: 453: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 402: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 371: 369: 365: 361: 356: 354: 348: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 329:ancient Egypt 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 298: 294: 289: 280: 278: 277:found objects 274: 270: 269: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 231: 227: 225: 220: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 163: 159: 158: 153: 146: 142: 136: 132: 128: 117: 116: 111: 107: 93: 89: 88: 84: 80: 73: 69: 65: 61: 60: 55: 51: 47: 40: 33: 19: 14939:most visited 14787: 14441: 14415:Plastic arts 14339:Found object 14220: 14149:Computer art 14129:Architecture 14049: 14035: 14027: 14019: 14011: 14004: 13994: 13980: 13972: 13964: 13956: 13947: 13927: 13919: 13911: 13890:(507–554 CE) 13873: 13865: 13851: 13848:(c. 292 BCE) 13808:Found object 13600:Detonography 13479: 13433: 13374: 13360: 13345: 13330: 13316: 13299: 13285: 13271: 13253: 13250: 13241: 13227: 13213: 13199: 13182: 13167: 13150: 13136: 13119: 13102: 13088: 13074: 13059: 13045: 13028: 13010: 12996: 12979: 12965: 12951: 12936: 12922: 12905: 12888: 12860: 12844:hypediss.com 12843: 12838: 12826:. Retrieved 12812: 12804:the original 12794: 12784:February 18, 12782:. Retrieved 12773: 12767: 12760: 12750: 12745: 12730: 12726: 12711: 12707: 12699: 12694: 12678: 12673: 12657: 12652: 12644: 12640: 12635: 12626: 12618: 12613: 12589: 12580: 12556: 12535: 12514: 12505: 12496: 12487: 12466: 12457: 12448: 12439: 12430: 12421: 12412: 12391: 12382: 12373: 12361: 12346: 12337: 12318: 12306:. Retrieved 12302:the original 12297: 12273:. Retrieved 12269:the original 12265:Orientations 12264: 12246:Rawson, 135. 12242: 12233: 12224: 12215: 12206: 12197: 12188: 12179: 12170: 12161: 12152: 12139: 12130: 12121: 12112: 12103: 12094: 12085: 12076: 12067: 12058: 12049: 12040: 12031: 12023: 12006: 11997: 11988: 11979: 11970: 11961: 11952: 11943: 11934: 11925: 11916: 11907: 11898: 11889: 11880: 11871: 11862: 11853: 11836: 11827: 11818: 11809: 11800: 11791: 11774: 11765: 11756: 11744: 11739: 11730: 11718:. Retrieved 11709: 11700: 11688:. Retrieved 11679: 11670: 11661: 11650: 11641: 11632: 11623: 11614: 11605: 11596: 11587: 11578: 11569: 11560: 11551: 11542: 11533: 11524: 11515: 11506: 11497: 11488: 11468: 11461: 11448: 11439: 11423: 11418: 11398: 11391: 11383: 11378: 11366:. Retrieved 11352: 11343: 11330: 11321: 11302: 11296: 11287: 11268: 11235: 11229: 11217:. Retrieved 11203: 11191:. Retrieved 11170: 11160:November 30, 11158:. Retrieved 11144: 11135: 11120:exhibition. 11116:Part of the 11112: 11100:. Retrieved 11086: 11069: 11050: 11026: 10978: 10833:Tree shaping 10823:Plaster cast 10737: 10710: 10695:Conservation 10629: 10619:Spiral Jetty 10617: 10600: 10569: 10552: 10529: 10526:Anish Kapoor 10510: 10491: 10488:Richard Long 10459: 10432: 10406: 10384: 10361: 10330:Joseph Beuys 10319: 10309: 10304: 10288:Duane Hanson 10284:Wolf Vostell 10272:George Segal 10257: 10245:Bruce Nauman 10225:Roden Crater 10189:Robert Irwin 10181:Richard Long 10163: 10152: 10141: 10115: 10094: 10072: 10050: 10028: 10002: 9961: 9935: 9916: 9897: 9875: 9852: 9832: 9811: 9792: 9766: 9747: 9743: 9722: 9719:Joseph Csaky 9700: 9681: 9659: 9656:André Derain 9620:George Segal 9616:Ernest Trova 9609: 9542: 9534:Philip Pavia 9502: 9495: 9484: 9429: 9422: 9415: 9408: 9404: 9401:found object 9353: 9291: 9278: 9258: 9240: 9176:Paul Manship 9173: 9169: 9153:Nazi Germany 9114: 9079: 9069: 9049: 9027: 9006: 8983: 8958: 8932: 8929:Paul Gauguin 8900: 8872: 8832: 8812: 8788: 8752:Buffalo Bill 8745: 8722: 8719:Paul Manship 8701: 8671: 8646: 8616: 8560: 8521:Paul Manship 8498: 8489: 8474: 8460: 8452:house fronts 8433: 8414: 8388:panel, from 8378: 8345: 8294:Jaina Island 8219:, 300–650 CE 8213:funerary urn 8053: 8028:The Americas 7870: 7736:, life-size 7726:Christianity 7703: 7667:Burkina Faso 7529: 7522: 7486: 7464: 7369:Pisa Griffin 7321:Pisa Griffin 7306: 7284: 7260: 7241:, Thailand, 7052:Agusan image 7035:-9th century 6887:Traditional 6886: 6882:Bagan period 6871: 6844: 6732:period, 1000 6706:Parshvanatha 6700:shrine with 6647:Buddha from 6578:Mohenjo-daro 6574:Dancing Girl 6522:Ellora Caves 6507:Gupta Empire 6495: 6461: 6445:Mohenjo-daro 6439:is from the 6434: 6316:Taishakuten 6285:6th-century 6249:Jōmon period 6224: 6209: 6170: 6163: 6159:Heian period 6153: 6144: 6124:Jōmon period 6118: 6082:Japanese art 6062:Qing dynasty 6038:Wanli period 6018:Ming dynasty 6006: 5985:Song dynasty 5981:Chinese jade 5966:Song dynasty 5946:Tang dynasty 5923: 5884:Dian Kingdom 5736:Ming dynasty 5728:rock reliefs 5721: 5713: 5660: 5639:Chinese jade 5489:, Pakistan. 5451:Central Asia 5447:Gupta empire 5408: 5389:culture and 5385:between the 5373: 5327: 5324:Hiram Powers 5310: 1780s 5299:John Flaxman 5281: 5256: 5238:Hiram Powers 5230:John Flaxman 5211: 5203: 5151: 5064: 5053: 5034: 5022: 4990: 4974:, about 1562 4969: 4948: 4901: 4886: 4877: 4871: 4857: 4849: 4835: 4822: 4787: 4784:Michelangelo 4752: 4749:Michelangelo 4731:Orsanmichele 4724: 4674: 4649: 1440s 4640: 4610: 4609:, detail of 4582: 4562:contrapposto 4560: 4546: 4540: 4534: 4532: 4522:invented by 4505: 4494: 4468: 4460: 4446: 4429: 4407:Michelangelo 4393: 4390:Michelangelo 4365: 4335: 4319: 4314:Base of the 4300: 4289:Claus Sluter 4253: 4234: 4185: 4181: 4163:Annunciation 4093:Duc de Berry 4061: 4040:Claus Sluter 4022:(1260), the 4001: 3974: 3933: 3914: 3877: 3829: 3780: 3767: 3739: 3728: 3715: 3648: 3583: 3559:animal style 3555:Scythian art 3532: 3468: 23 CE 3424: 3373: 50 CE 3328: 3271:Christianity 3268: 3245: 3234: 3214:Lycurgus Cup 3173: 3140: 3108: 3042: 3021:white marble 3010: 2979: 2951: 2933: 2900: 2852:Central Asia 2845: 2839:, showing a 2832: 2825: 2821:Farnese Bull 2810: 2800: 2766: 2729: 2722: 2716: 2706: 2680: 2668:Severe style 2665: 2573: 2426: 2395: 2383: 2335:Block statue 2290:lapis lazuli 2258: 2238: late 2167: 2157: 2136: 2130: 2106: 2090:, 1345 BCE, 2085: 2059: 2058:Part of the 1981: 1970: 1935: 1924: 1918: 1897:figure from 1868: 1753: 1739:La Madeleine 1722: 1574:from modern 1565: 1541: 1515:such as the 1506: 1483: 1468: 1418:Beeldenstorm 1393:Christianity 1383: 1362: 1336:and his son 1303: 1297: 1263:Yayoi Kusama 1252: 1235: 1229:and that of 1218:Wood carving 1216: 1205:Wood carving 1199:ancient Rome 1179: 1156:Lycurgus Cup 1150: 1142:Song dynasty 1122:Dale Chihuly 1084: 1080:sand casting 1055: 1049: 1006:and related 1002: 996: 991:, cast iron 971: 939:rock crystal 906: 889: 815: 807:oil painting 796: 729: 703:Mexico, and 689: 673: 660: 653:, who ruled 641:, where the 636: 597: 588: 573: 557: 548:Great Sphinx 541: 534: 528: 498: 464: 403: 372: 357: 349: 302: 293:rock reliefs 266: 259:Michelangelo 232: 228: 221: 181:plastic arts 168: 167: 155: 113: 110:Michelangelo 85: 63: 57: 50: 15056:Arts portal 14929:Art museums 14844:art finance 14645:Arts centre 14609:Art gallery 14592:Art commune 14582:Art auction 14425:Printmaking 14354:Mixed media 14349:Kinetic art 14286:Visual arts 14206:Printmaking 14201:Photography 14181:Digital art 14118:Visual arts 14016:(1927–1931) 14008:(1927–1941) 13982:The Thinker 13969:(1890–1917) 13924:(1501–1504) 13916:(1498–1499) 13620:Renaissance 13133:Hugh Honour 12766:"NY Times, 12425:Harle, 124. 12308:October 18, 12275:October 18, 11831:Hennig, 24. 11680:Glyptoteket 11102:October 30, 10887:Rock relief 10850:Application 10803:Hill figure 10713:temperature 10685:Michael Lau 10456:Donald Judd 10403:Donald Judd 10321:An Oak Tree 10255:sculpture. 10144:1991, Japan 9958:Henry Moore 9900:, 1944–1950 9775:Armory Show 9748:Family Life 9703:, 1911–12, 9701:Female Head 9581:Anne Truitt 9510:David Smith 9480:Kinetic art 9440:Henry Moore 9377:ceramic art 9309:Suprematism 9275:David Smith 9255:Henry Moore 9188:Anton Hanak 9184:Carl Milles 9133:Georg Kolbe 9070:The Thought 8965:Musée Rodin 8960:The Thinker 8440:totem poles 8428: 1879 8421:mixed-media 8411:Edgar Degas 8401: 1760 8367: 1400 8358:(possibly) 8181:Teotihuacan 8060:Mesoamerica 7774:Addi-Galamo 7649:One of the 7497:Nok culture 7418:. Blade of 7391:background. 7309:aquamaniles 7180: 1200 7154: 1105 6990:torso from 6972: 5 BC 6960:One of the 6784: 1450 6624:gateway at 6462:Priest-king 6335:Muchaku by 6069: 1694 6060:, Beijing, 6040:(1573–1620) 6014:He Chaozong 6003:Bodhisattva 5962:Bodhisattva 5888:Western Han 5882:, from the 5860:Han dynasty 5840:Han dynasty 5802:Qin dynasty 5681:Chinese art 5649:Bodhisattva 5635:Lacquerware 5627:Chinese art 5583:(left) and 5455:Tarim Basin 5445:art of the 5427:Indo-Greeks 5415:Afghanistan 5406:appearing. 5113:, 1686, by 5060:Hellenistic 5031:, 1622–1625 4987:Giambologna 4966:Giambologna 4953:, 1545–1554 4930:Primaticcio 4893:Giambologna 4882:Salt Cellar 4789:Dying Slave 4762: 1504 4684: 1460 4618: 1438 4418: 1545 4381:Renaissance 4358:Last Supper 4276:, 1330–1340 4233:, with the 4229:Lid of the 4143: 1215 4120: 1145 4018:(1265–68), 3988: 1145 3949: 12th 3921:1160, Spain 3882:, 1107–1118 3857:, plaques, 3847:Master Hugo 3775:high relief 3670:Carolingian 3653:, 525–550, 3628:world, the 3614:Charlemagne 3598:Anglo-Saxon 3589:Carolingian 3563:Insular art 3539:sarcophagus 3401:dressed as 3298:sarcophagus 3143:portraiture 3119:sarcophagus 3085:Dacian Wars 3079:Section of 3017:Hellenistic 2739:Hellenistic 2575:Peplos Kore 2343:Late Period 2113:sunk relief 1931:Lyres of Ur 1926:Copper Bull 1903:cult images 1875:Mesopotamia 1850:Persian art 1764:Magdalenian 1737:, found in 1623:Aurignacian 1603:Löwenmensch 1529:Magdalenian 1486:Löwenmensch 1373:Giambologna 1369:Leone Leoni 1322:Gislebertus 1318:Middle Ages 1271:Sarah Lucas 1138:Bodhisattva 1126:Blown glass 1102:TIG welding 1098:MIG welding 989:Ludwig Gies 953:or mineral 903:Petroglyphs 772:lime/linden 768:box/boxwood 681:Islamic art 647:Mesopotamia 632:Tutankhamun 567:figures at 552:archaeology 507:, like the 501:Cult images 489: 1435 325:Sunk-relief 317:high relief 255:Renaissance 247:Middle Ages 173:visual arts 68:Hellenistic 15082:Sculptures 15071:Categories 15029:sculptures 14883:Provenance 14778:Art market 14685:Commission 14633:Art school 14621:Art museum 14587:Art colony 14575:and events 14435:street art 14430:Public art 14231:Street art 14211:Public art 14186:Filmmaking 13783:Fiberglass 13712:Terracotta 13559:Pedimental 13554:Monumental 13504:Bas relief 13499:Assemblage 12993:Cook, R.M. 12881:References 12828:August 27, 12562:Nubian Art 11676:"Research" 11591:Smith, 33. 11368:August 20, 10959:Assemblage 10877:Monumental 10381:Larry Bell 10368:, New York 10362:Free Ride, 10358:Tony Smith 10344:Minimalism 10233:Sol LeWitt 9605:John Safer 9601:Carl Andre 9597:Dan Flavin 9573:Tony Smith 9553:Minimalism 9365:Surrealism 9341:Minimalism 9321:Surrealism 9145:Jan Stursa 9024:Jan Štursa 8838:Snöklockan 8623:relief on 8613:Lee Lawrie 8537:Minimalist 8525:Lee Lawrie 8444:War canoes 8199:200–250 CE 8068:terracotta 8032:See also: 7665:Mask from 7607:, Nigeria 7586:terracotta 7436:Mask from 7420:damascened 7329:Mughal art 7197:Singhasari 7137:Buddha in 7082: 800 7033: 8th 7000:Srivijayan 6946: 760 6917: 760 6851:Angkor Wat 6810:Tamil Nadu 6748:, 950–1150 6542: 850 6514: 320 6422:terracotta 6399:See also: 6189:Kei school 6106: 752 6080:See also: 5968:(960–1279) 5758:from late 5689:Sanxingdui 5685:zoomorphic 5383:syncretism 4721:Verrocchio 4624:, Florence 4528:plaquettes 4509:Neapolitan 4081:polyptychs 4057:Veit Stoss 3963:Gothic art 3825:zoomorphic 3821:aquamanile 3701:Romanesque 3634:high cross 3622:runestones 3606:Gero Cross 3551:Sutton Hoo 3516:Gero Cross 3505: 800 3470:, with an 3434: 305 3255: 305 3210:Warren Cup 3115:terracotta 3052: 130 2991:–100 BCE, 2989: 130 2907:Praxiteles 2733:Praxiteles 2608: 500 2535:–580 BCE, 2533: 590 2445:in Italy, 2145:Rameses II 2143:each show 2103:Amarna art 2097:See also: 2022:One of 18 1950:terracotta 1883:Warka Vase 1863:serpopards 1673:Wild horse 1544:Mesolithic 1519:(24–26,000 1414:iconoclasm 1358:architects 1294:Adam Kraft 1239:polychrome 1223:totem pole 1191:plasticine 1144:960–1279, 967:seal rings 778:and other 776:terracotta 697:greenstone 569:Sanxingdui 565:Bronze Age 560:totem pole 544:public art 442:public art 321:mid-relief 313:bas-relief 99: 800 59:Dying Gaul 15077:Sculpture 15008:Sculptors 14914:Art media 14876:sculpture 14817:paintings 14738:Criticism 14520:paintings 14510:Collector 14442:Sculpture 14359:bricolage 14290:art world 14221:Sculpture 14191:Light art 13902:(1250 CE) 13842:(438 BCE) 13840:Parthenon 13838:from the 13793:Aluminium 13763:Jesmonite 13737:Soapstone 13677:Limestone 13595:Classical 13524:Earth art 13480:Sculpture 13361:Roman Art 13280:70-125675 12997:Greek Art 11254:cite book 11075:Ptolemies 10759:Classical 10725:Acid rain 10705:acid rain 10681:Kid Robot 10626:, in 2005 10460:Untitled, 10296:video art 10229:Eva Hesse 10142:Umbrellas 10091:Joan Miró 10033:Stuttgart 9966:Yorkshire 9795:, 1912–13 9660:Nu debout 9628:Paul Thek 9448:Joan Miró 9405:readymade 9329:Formalism 9293:Modernist 9287:Jerusalem 9222:Modernism 9008:The Waltz 8936:(Sauvage) 8907:aluminium 8617:The Sower 8386:St. James 8352:Turquoise 8050:Inuit art 7934:, Sudan, 7926:, from a 7548:monoliths 7541:soapstone 7482:Modernist 7389:arabesque 7385:Samarkand 7294:arabesque 7265:Vientiane 7239:Sukhothai 7201:East Java 7101:sarimanok 7071:Khmer art 6939:Borobudur 6932:Vairocana 6910:Indonesia 6906:Borobudur 6855:Borobudur 6788:Rajasthan 6761:Khajuraho 6710:Neminatha 6537:dynasty ( 6341:Kōfuku-ji 6205:Kofuku-ji 6121:Neolithic 5964:from the 5960:A wooden 5907:(386–534) 5754:A bronze 5717:Silk Road 5664:from the 5559:Gandhara 5111:Louis XIV 4838:Mannerist 4810:Mannerism 4804:Mannerist 4671:Donatello 4637:Donatello 4587:from the 4524:Pisanello 4496:The Horse 4465:Donatello 4299:from the 4215:antiquity 4190:from the 4064:alabaster 4002:In Italy 3944:, Spain, 3690:Byzantine 3573:of grand 3457:cameo gem 3383:, Italy, 3224:and the " 3191:Ara Pacis 3161:Londinium 3157:basilicas 3131:patrician 3111:Etruscans 3101:Ara Pacis 3039:Leochares 2863:found in 2713:Parthenon 2660:Parthenon 2646:Classical 2524:Lifesize 2438:Parthenon 2430:pediments 2402:Mycenaean 2393:a chair. 2317:ka statue 2185:Facsimile 2172:figures. 2153:Ka statue 2131:Egyptian 2126:Ahkenaten 1895:limestone 1781:, in the 1729:12–17,000 1683:33–35,000 1656:35–40,000 1629:35–40,000 1566:From the 1550:from the 1385:Aniconism 1363:From the 1292:sculptor 1290:Nuremberg 1267:Eva Hesse 1195:figurines 1183:maquettes 1124:, 2006, ( 1033:jewellery 993:plaquette 951:Alabaster 947:carnelian 762:(such as 760:hardwoods 600:figurines 493:Pisanello 399:plaquette 375:antiquity 341:jewellery 243:classical 205:Modernism 169:Sculpture 92:Khorsabad 18:Sculptors 14986:Painters 14871:painting 14783:The arts 14743:feminist 14680:Biennale 14420:Portrait 14405:Painting 14376:graffiti 14329:Fine art 14288:and the 14216:Rock art 14196:Painting 14144:Ceramics 14071:Category 13884:(175 CE) 13773:Concrete 13687:Porphyry 13534:Figurine 13413:Archived 12937:Ethiopia 12868:Archived 12849:Archived 12822:Archived 12778:Archived 12683:Archived 12598:Archived 12565:Archived 12326:Archived 12013:Archived 11714:Archived 11684:Archived 11362:Archived 11276:Archived 11219:June 15, 11213:Archived 11184:Archived 11154:Archived 11125:Archived 11096:Archived 11058:Archived 11031:Archived 11008:Archived 10986:Archived 10901:See also 10752:Cultural 10717:humidity 10673:Art toys 10443:, London 10407:Untitled 10385:Untitled 10209:land art 9964:, 1961, 9938:, 1959, 9857:Art Deco 9813:Fountain 9492:maquette 9413:(1917). 9410:Fountain 9345:Land art 9325:Futurism 9305:De Stijl 9281:(1963), 9279:CUBI VI, 8963:, 1902, 8931:, 1894, 8909:statue, 8851:Värmland 8843:snowdrop 8793:, 1852, 8786:Romantic 8725:, 1916, 8672:K'alyaan 8621:Art Deco 8535:design. 8533:abstract 8517:art deco 8476:habitant 8467:retablos 8255:Palenque 7954:Pharaoh 7849:Lalibela 7734:Lalibela 7722:paganism 7518:proverbs 7508:town of 7416:emeralds 7410:, gold, 7353:Damascus 7317:Alhambra 7115:Head of 7075:Cambodia 7026:Malaysia 6908:temple, 6714:Mahavira 6665:trimurti 6597:Vaishali 6550:Nataraja 6491:Hinduism 6474:Daimabad 6453:Pakistan 6339:, 1212, 6303:Hōryū-ji 6183:and the 6141:Hōryū-ji 6056:outside 5905:Maitreya 5842:period. 5732:literati 5589:Gandhara 5561:Poseidon 5524:Coin of 5475:plantain 5457:and the 5435:Gandhara 5391:Buddhism 5369:Gandhara 5326:, 1851, 5262:, 1778, 5257:Bust of 5154:, 1715, 5132:(1640), 5109:Bust of 4922:overdoor 4889:cabinets 4868:pedestal 4770:Florence 4735:Florence 4692:Florence 4657:Florence 4611:Cantoria 4239:jousting 4182:Nativity 4048:Flanders 4044:Burgundy 4038:work of 4008:Giovanni 3992:transept 3900:Burgundy 3855:croziers 3843:prophets 3839:crucifix 3798:and the 3771:crucifix 3747:tympanum 3610:crucifix 3593:Ottonian 3476:Augustus 3472:allegory 3438:porphyry 3403:Hercules 3399:Commodus 3381:Lanuvium 3377:Caligula 3364:Bust of 3335:Augustus 3295:Etruscan 3242:roundels 3212:, glass 3127:Parthian 3105:, 13 BCE 3095:Augustan 2789:Pergamon 2688:Plutarch 2453:and the 2390:Cycladic 2204:Menkaura 2133:pharaohs 2082:Thutmose 1986:and the 1911:Akkadian 1907:Sumerian 1779:Urfa Man 1741:, France 1572:Urfa Man 1479:cave art 1406:Alhambra 1338:Giovanni 1326:Trecento 1164:be blown 1064:concrete 1056:cold set 997:Refugees 974:pointing 834:acrylics 780:ceramics 724:Sumerian 685:palmette 525:Buddhism 517:Hinduism 434:land art 395:figurine 197:ceramics 101:–721 BCE 83:Assyrian 14991:by name 14934:largest 14771:Related 14755:outline 14537:Curator 14525:frescos 14462:tallest 14447:carving 14398:virtual 14393:digital 14388:history 14324:Drawing 14309:Collage 14297:Artwork 14176:Drawing 14139:Cartoon 14076:Outline 13778:Plastic 13768:Acrylic 13692:Diorite 13682:Granite 13590:Baroque 13398:at the 13198:(ed.). 11745:Phidias 11193:July 3, 10818:Origami 10813:Mobiles 10660:mobiles 10580:at the 10433:Fulcrum 10415:Germany 10411:Münster 10264:Chryssa 9793:Cellist 9468:Len Lye 9369:coulage 9361:collage 9337:Pop-Art 9317:Dadaism 9056:, Paris 8990:, Paris 8967:, Paris 8942:, Paris 8676:Tlingit 8619:, 1928 8529:Bauhaus 8463:Baroque 8390:reredos 8084:reliefs 7998:of the 7956:Aspelta 7952:Kushite 7928:pyramid 7924:Taharqa 7918:of the 7706:Eritrea 7682:Mambila 7449:Chiwara 7313:incense 7169:apsaras 7147:Myanmar 7098:Anitist 7049:Anitist 7020:Bronze 6986:Bronze 6974:-370 AD 6962:Anitist 6889:Anitist 6878:Myanmar 6804:of the 6802:Gopuram 6728:Hindu, 6667:at the 6649:Sarnath 6502:Mathura 6449:Harappa 6426:Krishna 6372:netsuke 6320:, 839, 6221:netsuke 6185:samurai 6171:In the 6126:, some 6036:, Ming 6000:Guanyin 5948:c. 650. 5940:Seated 5874:Bronze 5830:, near 5824:Pazyryk 5652:Guanyin 5647:Seated 5614:Taliban 5581:Pancika 5439:Mathura 5431:Kushans 5400:apsaras 5363:of the 5046:Baroque 5027:in the 4897:Flemish 4591:doors; 4374:Bavaria 4297:prophet 4028:Perugia 3942:Galicia 3919:Ourense 3915:Facade, 3759:Moissac 3755:Vézelay 3751:capital 3624:of the 3579:crozier 3545:of the 3527:Cologne 3203:(161), 3136:Corinth 2833:Laocoon 2805:in the 2692:Phidias 2627:Amathus 2625:, from 2557:" from 2443:Paestum 2434:temples 2187:of the 2169:Ushabti 2066:Nineveh 1992:lamassu 1677:Germany 1650:Germany 1625:era, c. 1615:Germany 1605:, from 1436:History 1430:Taliban 1428:by the 1420:of the 1389:Judaism 1314:Phidias 1300:, 1490s 1231:Oceania 1170:Pottery 1106:Forging 1086:Welding 1068:plaster 1060:epoxies 1051:Casting 1035:; with 1021:ceramic 907:in situ 824:parts. 822:bicycle 811:gilding 803:tempera 799:painted 353:casting 337:pottery 305:statues 299:, China 295:at the 235:Western 224:pottery 213:moulded 209:welding 185:carving 145:Netsuke 87:lamassu 15013:female 14638:Europe 14573:Places 14562:Europe 14552:Patron 14542:Dealer 14532:Critic 14505:Artist 14457:statue 14452:relief 14371:fresco 14171:Design 14054:(2018) 14046:(2008) 14040:(1981) 14032:(1971) 14024:(1967) 13999:(1920) 13991:(1907) 13985:(1904) 13977:(1897) 13961:(1886) 13952:(1880) 13944:(1843) 13938:(1776) 13932:(1753) 13798:Fabric 13732:Butter 13727:Silver 13717:Bronze 13672:Marble 13651:Volume 13615:Relief 13569:Statue 13549:Mobile 13514:Effigy 13381: 13367: 13352: 13337: 13323: 13306: 13292: 13278: 13260: 13234: 13220: 13206: 13189: 13174: 13157: 13143: 13126: 13109: 13095: 13089:Gothic 13081: 13066: 13052: 13035: 13017: 13003: 12986: 12972: 12958: 12943: 12929: 12912: 12895: 12751:Ascent 12737: 12718: 12664: 11846:Cicero 11842:Verres 11782: 11476: 11430: 11406: 11309: 11242: 11042: 10882:Relief 10862:Garden 10843:Welded 10808:Living 10788:Butter 10783:Bronze 10776:Method 10764:French 10733:gypsum 10536:, 2010 10513:. 1991 10462:1991, 10409:1977, 10318:, and 10290:, and 9919:, 1953 9816:, 1917 9603:, and 9474:, and 9391:, and 9373:potter 9347:, and 9297:Cubism 9108:, and 9072:1933, 9052:1909, 9030:1906, 8915:London 8883:France 8879:Calais 8877:1889, 8855:Sweden 8795:Louvre 8577:, and 8369:–1521, 8360:Mixtec 8217:Oaxaca 8080:Toltec 8048:, and 8018:named 7960:Napata 7920:Nubian 7916:shabti 7845:saints 7744:ruler 7738:saints 7601:Yoruba 7584:head, 7506:Yoruba 7489:Nubian 7428:Africa 7412:rubies 7404:Mughal 7355:, 740s 7302:Berlin 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