26:
726:
52:
702:
fighters allowed Schl.G. 1 freedom of action and German airmen noted poor Soviet responses to air attacks, presenting Hs 129s with easy targets. The wing suffered heavy anti-aircraft fire and most aircraft were at least hit. Soviet prisoners from the unit told German intelligence officers just how effective the attacks had been. The 2nd Tanks Corps lost 50 tanks to Schl.G. 1 and an unknown number of soldiers in exchange for two aircraft; one pilot was killed and one wounded. With the 2nd Guards removed from the line for a second time, the
365:
1744:
823:
293:
units) remained woefully neglected until 1942. On 2 September 1939, this force had only 40 aircraft. By 11 May 1940 it had 50, and on 21 June 1941, just 60 aircraft were in its employ. In all three cases, this was between one and two percent of
Luftwaffe strength on those dates. The expansion of the arm in 1942, and until the end of the war, reflected the shifting policy of the
939:. Four Fw 190s from III./SG 1 were lost in the fight. On 20 January 1945, SG 1 lost 9./SG 1's Gustav Schubert, another Knight's Cross holder, who also had the Oak Leaves award. Schubert had flown 1,100 missions and was credited with 70 tanks destroyed. The following day, II./SG 1's commanding officer, Major Ernst-Christian Reusch, Knight's Cross holder, was also killed.
388:. First and second group were based at Konstantinovk, and were immediately engaged against Soviet motorised and armoured forces. Second group lost three Hs 129s on 23 May—a severe blow to the recently established group. Another sources suggests four fell this day, but the group still made successful attacks. The base at Konstantinovka was bombed by 7 GShAP of the
772:
Schlacht aircraft flew 103 sorties, and shared 19 tanks, 70 lorries destroyed. From the 14 to 25 July, 30% of Hs 129s were lost; four per day. Bruno Meyer, commanding the
Panzerjägdkommando/Schl.G. 1 recalled that Soviet fighter units were experienced; often concentrating on the leader of a German formation. Meyer stated his unit lost eight aircraft in a week.
502:. The offensive broke through north and south of Axis lines around Stalingrad and encircled the German, Italian, Hungarian and Romanian armies in and around the city. The offensive caused chaos in Luftwaffe airfields as combat units took off to either fight the breakthrough or retreat in the face of approaching Soviet ground forces.
565:. During the year, 3,128 Hs 129, 1,523 Hs 123, 1,938 Bf 109 sorties were flown. The group claimed 107 aircraft in aerial combat, 91 tanks, 1,354 vehicles, for the loss of 20 Hs 129s, 16 Bf 109s, five Hs 123s. From the 1 to 16 January 1943, it claimed another 13 tanks. Among these successes, was the repulse of a tank attack by the
313:(wing). The Ju 87 groups carried out close support operations early in the war, but the dive-bomber was a general purpose weapon, and was used in a variety of roles. The Schlacht units were specifically for close air support only. The Stab unit was based at Itshki-Grammatikovo with first and second group.
887:
dive-bombers from StG 1. First group would operate them into 1945, until they were partially replaced with the Fw 190. Second group began to replace the Ju 87 in July 1944 with the Fw 190, completed by the end of the month. Third group had completed the conversion by May 1944. First and third group's
797:
Schl.G 1's first group lost at least eight Fw 190s from the 8 July to 2 August 1943. One Fw 190F-3 was piloted by a general staff officer
Oberstleutnant Horst-Wilhelm Hossfeld, who was posted for combat leadership experience, was destroyed by anti-aircraft fire. Hossfeld was killed. In the first five
694:, I./Schl.G 1 and 4.(Pz)/Schl.G 1 dived down up the Soviet armour; the Hs 129s of the panzer staffel attacked tanks while Fw 190s dropped SD-2 anti-personnel bombs with devastating effect on infantry. The last mission was flown as dusk was falling. The battle so badly damaged the 2nd Guards, that the
721:
aircraft, which played a greater role than the weakened dive-bomber groups, to attack the tanks and infantry with cannon-equipped Hs 129s and Fw 190s. Schl.G. 1 and JG 51's staffel flew 248 sorties against the dense groups of armour. The Soviet 31st Tank
Brigade complained about the absence of their
292:
and Hs 123 performed well. The
Luftwaffe entered World War II with just one group of this type; II(Schlacht)/LG 2. That is all the Luftwaffe's 1 July mobilisation plan called for to be operational by 1 September 1939. The ground-attack arm (Schlachtfliegerverbände) (which did not include dive-bomber
771:
The Hs 129 tank-hunting units were miss-used in the ensuing battle. Instead of attacking armour as it broke through the front over open ground, they were often asked to attack vehicles concealed in forests, carry out reconnaissance orientation in areas where Soviet fighter aviation was strong. The
416:
meanwhile flew 3,546 attacks against German forces from 1 to 8 July 1942. The
Germans could not understand how their enemy could mount such an effort given the supposed damage the VVS had taken. Most German estimates exaggerated losses; for example to relieve the pressure Schl.G. 1 was ordered to
356:
claimed 40 Soviet aircraft destroyed on the ground. The wing scored "outstanding" successes against Soviet airfields at this time. The 743 IAP destroyed all of its aircraft save for one I-153. Major
General Skripko, a staff officer attached to the VVS Crimean Front, remarked, "After dealing heavy
701:
Hauptmann Bruno Meyer spotted another attempt by the 2nd Guards Tanks Corps to attack the Waffen SS division on 8 July. In exactly the same way, this time without JG 51, the wing attacked the tank and infantry. The infantry hid in nearby forests but purportedly suffered heavy casualties. German
514:
on 26 November. The aircraft went into action as ground personnel manned the trenches around the town. The last of the Soviet tanks was purportedly destroyed at the edge of the airfield. Second group lost eight aircraft in these battles. By 1 December 1942, it possessed just five Hs 129s, 10 Bf
926:
began which ended with the collapse of the German front in the Soviet Union. I./SG 1 recorded the loss of 27 aircraft in July alone; most of which were Ju 87s. On 1 July it had 41 aircraft, and a month later this force had fallen to 26. It covered the retreat into Poland and fought against the
834:
II./Schl.G 1 stayed on the southern sector and supported the withdrawal. It fought in the Fourth battle of
Kharkov, which ended with Soviet forces liberating the city on 22 August. From 4 to 8 September it was pulled off the line and sent to Kiev, only flying missions against Soviet spearheads
779:
arrived north of
Khotynets on the evening of the 18th but were spotted by reconnaissance. The following morning 4.(Pz)/Schl.G. 1 claimed 50 tanks without loss. The Soviet 70th Tank Brigade, however, had severed the rail line. Later in the day, by chance, Bruno Meyer of the tank-busting staffel
858:
in
October but there is no evidence this was carried out. On 18 October it was renamed 10.(Pz)/SG 9. The unit was purportedly leaderless at this point, its commanding officer Major Matuschek was killed on 19 July. It lost five Hs 129s in September, all but one on the ground.
340:
infantry and troop columns immediately behind the front enabled German forces to break through. The Bf 109 fighters also engaged in air-to-air combat, though this was not the wing's mission. On 12 May first group claimed the first enemy aircraft shot down near
584:
First group also fought in the defensive battles in deteriorating weather conditions. Itfloatedfour Bf 109s from 30 November to 19 December 1942; half to fighters. In air combat it claimed six Soviet aircraft on 7 December. On 31 December 1942 first groups 5.
392:
but second group's Hs 129s were not seriously damaged and reported no loss—their rugged construction helped. The battle ended on 28 May. During the month the wing flew 1,467 sorties; 1,028 Bf 109 missions, 259 by the Hs 123s and 180 by the Hs 129s.
357:
strikes against out airfields, the enemy's aviation started blocking them - preventing our fighters from taking off." The airfield—Marfovka—was crowded with aircraft. The Hs 129s left 40 aircraft burning. They also supported the breakthrough of the
654:. Seven Fw 190s were lost between the 10 and 17 May. The Fw 190F-3, heavily armoured came into service in June 1943. On 1 July 1943, first group could field 52 Fw 190s, second group, 15 Fw 190A-5s, 18 F-3s, and 16 Hs 129B-1s. 4. and 8.
880:). Hauptmann Heinz Frank took command of II./SG 1, originally II./StG 1 and its staffeln 4, 5, and 6, retained their numbers and changed wing. Friedrich Lang's third group was also taken from StG 1, with 7, 8 and 9 staffel at Orsha.
505:
The 44th Mechanised Corps commanded by Vasiliy Volskiy, destroyed a dozen Romanian Bf 109s at Karpovka on 23 November. At least one Schl.G. 1 machine was destroyed there. The wing did contribute to the destruction of the Soviet
631:. On 8 and 13 May 1943 it lost two Hs 129s near Krymskaya. The Hs 129s returned to Germany to be fitted with MK 103 armour-piercing cannons. It was sent back to Russia at Varvarovka, in preparation for the summer offensive. 8.
788:
claimed 135 tanks; 66 totally destroyed. The Soviet official history acknowledged the decisive intervention of the Luftwaffe and remarked that the 1st Tanks Corps only had 33 tanks remaining by the following morning.
614:
fought until its withdrawal to Stalino in January 1943. It lost two Hs 129s on 27 and 28 December. On 5 January 1943 it lost Eduard Kent, commanding officer. It was re-equipped with the Hs 129B-2 and then moved to
810:
lost commanding officer Hauptmann Johannes Meinecke killed over Mutino. On 6 October the staffel lost a second officer, Josef Menapace in the same way. Twelve days later the group was disbanded and reorganised as
417:
attack the airfield at Kamesnk. It claimed 20 aircraft, yet no more than one Pe-2 and an Su-2 of 270 BAD were actually destroyed. By 20 July, the wing had only 36 aircraft operational after the battles across the
915:. The fighting reflected the growing efficiency of Soviet aviation. The loss rate of Soviet aircraft had fallen from 4:1 against at Kursk, to just 1.5:1 by this stage. In the spring, SG 1 moved to support
798:
days it claimed 15 aircraft including 12 Il-2 ground-attack aircraft. Beginning on 4 August it fell back to Karachev, then Bryansk. By the beginning of September it was fighting in the northern Ukraine at
780:
crash-landed near a marsh in the vicinity. He noticed a force of approximately 80 Soviet tanks expertly covered in camouflage. Using his aircraft's still workable radio, he transmitted his position. Major
440:. On 27 July, first group scored a success against Illarionovskoye aircraft west of Stalingrad, and destroyed 15 aircraft and damaged 13. On 13 September Schl.G. 1 was involved in a major offensive by the
1733:
272:. First group was handed to Fliegerkorps VIII and sent to the region. 8.(Pz) was under this air corps command until April. It is not known which group it was formally attached to in the Crimea.
264:
until it left for Germany to receive 16 Hs 129s, by 28 March. It departed the jurisdiction of the air corps in early April 1942. It was placed under the command of II./Schl.G. 1. The command
253:. It had Hs 123s at its disposal but after training it returned to Germany, where it was briefly disbanded and then re-established with Bf 109s. In December 1942 it was re-designated a
249:, while formally part of SchlG 1, operated semi-independently. 8.(Pz)/Schl.G. 1 was formed from 10.(Schlacht)/LG 2 on 13 January 1942 at Dugino. It was placed under the command of
835:
heading for the Ukrainian capital. Accordingly, because of this and a 14-day recuperation period, losses in September and October 1943 were light. Two group was reformed into II./
737:'s flanks leaving Fliegerkorps VIII in control over Prokhorovka. Schl.G. 1 lost 11 of the 19 aircraft lost by the air corps including six Hs 129s—all were lost to ground-fire.
1967:
775:
On 17 July, 17 Panzerjäger and 40 Schlacht sorties were flown. On 19 July, Schl.G. 1 played an important role as the Luftwaffe alone prevented the breakthrough at Orel. The
470:
Losses were light at this stage. II./Schl.G. 1 reported 25 Hs 129s and 20 Hs 123s on 1 August and on 20 September it mustered 46 aircraft with 28 operational. In October 5.
1726:
1962:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1806:
234:
attack aircraft with some three Hs 123 biplanes. All of I./Schl.G. 1s handed over its Hs 123s to the second group in May. First group was placed under the command of
1796:
1791:
607:, which allowed the Germans to recapture the city and Belgorod. In May it converted to the Focke-Wulf Fw 190. It was positioned in the Izyum sector until July 1943.
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1786:
1719:
1891:
1886:
1881:
784:, commanding first group, picked up the message and led Fw 190s with 250kg bombs against the 70th brigade. Other air units were vectored to the site and the 1
490:
on 11 August, it moved to Tusov, near Stalingrad until November. Air operations were continuous against the city but flown at a reduced level into the autumn.
679:
298:
361:
which approached the airfield as the air attack unfolded. The division captured 30 Soviet fighters when an advanced motorised party overran the airfield.
1029:
642:
Second group also fought in the Kuban. From 6 February to the first week in March, 1943, the group converted to Fs 190A-5s with the exception of 7.
776:
740:
The wing supported fruitless attacks in the southern sector until 15 July. On this date, the tank-hunting staffeln, 4 and 8, with I./Schl.G 1, 4./
722:
own fighters. A report from the 5th Guards said, "the enemy's aircraft literally hung above our combat formations throughout the entire battle."
569:
against Antonovka near Millerovo on 2 January 1943; which was defeated largely because of the tank-busting formations from II./Schl.G. 1. The
931:. Luftflotte 6 flew 140 sorties against the offensive, with the fleet losing eight aircraft. A notable loss was the commanding officer of 7.
412:
were stranded for two days until supplies could be flown in, all the while German land forces were subjected to relentless air attacks. The
478:
to re-equip with Hs 129s while 7 staffel also operated Bf 109s, which had been sent in the summer to supplement the Hs 123 contingent. 5.
405:
309:
I./Schl.G. 1 arrived in the Crimea with its Bf 109E-7s in the first week of May 1942. It did so as the Luftwaffe's only close-air support
352:
also supported the attacks. Of note was 4.(Pz)'s attack on VVS airfields in the opening days. On 9 May the 15 operational Hs 129s of 8.
954:, on 8 March, SG 1, with support from SG 151 and 3, flew 55 sorties against Soviet armour. SG 3 claimed seven tanks with rockets. At
328:(Operation Bustard Hunt). On 9 May it suffered its first casualty when a Hs 129B-1 of second group was shot down by ground-fire.
899:
groups were ordered to counter Soviet armour advancing into Ukraine from 6 November, including II./SG 1. SG 1 was engaged in the
475:
851:
1711:
1701:
1658:
1638:
1623:
1608:
1590:
1568:
1546:
1527:
717:
advanced over 1.5 kilometres of open ground to meet German forces. The SS Panzer Corps air liaison officers directed the
464:
358:
635:
also supported these operations, losing nine Hs 129s from 5 April to 29 May 1943. The surviving crews were withdrawn to
25:
1686:
1672:
530:. On 16 and 17 December 1942, 4.(Pz)/Schl.G. 1 destroyed ten Soviet tanks with their six Hs 129s, now armed with
570:
566:
325:
872:
at Polozok. Major Horst Kaubisch formed I./SG 1 from I./StG 1. The three staffeln were formed from StG 1 in
888:
were placed under the command of the 1 Fliegerdivision while the second moved to the 4 Fliegerdivision.
928:
294:
911:, which included the 1 Fliegerdivision, were thrown into the heavy fighting in October supporting the
599:
claimed five enemy aircraft, the group's last until May. The main contribution was the support of the
547:
444:
into the city; it caused heavy casualties along the river banks with support from medium bombers and
222:
I./Schl.G. 1 was outfitted with Bf 109s from the same LG 2 group. It was equipped with Bf 109Es and
1957:
385:
1578:
1556:
1534:
1801:
725:
604:
527:
445:
250:
212:
452:, as they hit artillery and rear areas. The Soviet fighter defences broke through the escorting
1781:
1776:
1771:
864:
523:
519:
1741:
1601:
Black Cross / Red Star Air War Over the Eastern Front, Volume II, Resurgence January–June 1942
260:
4(Pz)/Schl.G. 1 also operated independently under the same air corps. It formed at Dugino and
1901:
1896:
1649:
904:
900:
710:
695:
683:
671:
651:
317:
157:
95:
557:
area on 6 December 1942, attacked Soviet armoured spearheads attacking the 3rd Romanian and
1876:
1871:
1631:
Dive-Bomber and Ground-Attack Units of the Luftwaffe, 1933–1945: A Reference Source, Vol. 1
979:
753:
714:
441:
437:
409:
284:
the Germans developed close air support units and used them with success, and again in the
204:
177:
992:
486:
on 5 November. First group maintained 37 Bf 109s on 1 September, and after supporting the
208:
8:
999:
923:
558:
757:
734:
675:
422:
321:
1747:
1697:
1682:
1668:
1654:
1634:
1619:
1604:
1586:
1564:
1542:
1523:
916:
912:
749:
333:
285:
173:
91:
87:
935:
Otto Hulsch, a Knight's Cross winner, who was shot down by Soviet fighters from the
345:. Kerch fell on 15 May. The cost to the group was two Bf 109s, lost to ground-fire.
628:
499:
487:
200:
781:
1013:
1006:
703:
667:
624:
376:
The wing was sent north to assist with a powerful Soviet spring offensive around
235:
231:
223:
169:
165:
868:. Oberstleutnant Gustav Pressler took command. Stab./SG 1 was formed from Stab./
709:
Schl.G. 1 and the tank-busting staffel of JG 51 played an important role at the
364:
1650:
Stopped at Stalingrad: The Luftwaffe and Hitler's Defeat in the East, 1942-1943
591:
562:
397:
1078:
1076:
534:. Within three days, Italian lines had collapsed, and II./Schl.G. 1 abandoned
1951:
936:
884:
620:
531:
507:
289:
77:
1220:
1073:
971:
908:
892:
595:
Josef Graf von und zu Honsbrock. In the first ten days of February 1943 2.
483:
413:
389:
238:. Second group's leadership was handed to Hauptmann Paul-Friedrich Darjes.
216:
161:
113:
57:
982:, equipped with Hs 129Bs arrived. The unit had formerly belonged to SG 1.
404:
and southern Russia. The distances caused logistical difficulties and the
433:
281:
951:
682:, at the tip of the advance, prepared to meet a counter-attack from the
372:. The Germans operated the E series in the ground-attack role into 1943.
211:. Schl.G. 1 completed training in April and was immediately assigned to
1409:
1319:
1307:
636:
619:
until April. The unit was not afforded any rest. It moved southwest of
511:
429:
369:
1256:
1061:
1751:
1285:
1283:
765:
600:
574:
535:
329:
227:
154:
67:
1162:
1160:
1135:
1133:
1120:
1118:
1051:
1049:
978:
on 29 November equipped with Fw 190s. By early December 1942 8.(Pz)/
955:
199:. The Stab (command unit) was created with personnel from II.(Schl)/
873:
401:
342:
337:
196:
1583:
Bagration to Berlin – The Final Air Battles in the East: 1944–1945
1295:
1280:
946:
bridges. On 7 March, 16 Fw 190s belonging to Fw 190s attacked the
1157:
1130:
1115:
1088:
1046:
799:
761:
616:
554:
381:
1387:
1385:
819:
disbanded and was given to the remaining squadrons of Schl.G 1.
1498:
1496:
1232:
947:
806:
until the latter's fall on 15 September. On the fourth day, 1.
803:
752:
countered Citadel in the north and threatened to destroyed the
418:
269:
698:
carried out the second phase of the attack alone; and failed.
268:
and second group were deployed to Fliegerkorps IV, and to the
1692:
Shores, Christopher F.; Ring, Hans; Hess, William N. (1975).
1397:
1382:
1244:
975:
869:
855:
812:
745:
687:
647:
543:
453:
449:
377:
261:
1493:
1469:
1681:. Nautical & Aviation Publishing. Baltimore, Maryland.
1372:
1370:
1355:
1331:
943:
836:
822:
741:
539:
192:
1145:
1105:
1103:
670:. Action for Schl.G. 1 came on the second day. The German
1268:
958:, II. and III./SG 1 breached the bridge in three places.
744:
and the tank-hunting staffel from JG 51, were ordered to
336:. Nevertheless, the effective supporting attacks against
1481:
1367:
1343:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1172:
862:
The wing was reformed as SG 1 simultaneously, absorbing
729:
Hs 129. Schl.G 1 was the first unit to operate the type.
1457:
1445:
1433:
1421:
1100:
1539:
Stalingrad – The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943
257:
when it received the Hs 129 in January/February 1943.
1968:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
680:
1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
1628:
1603:. Pacifica, California: Pacifica Military History.
1415:
1325:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1262:
1226:
1166:
1139:
1124:
1094:
1082:
1067:
1055:
219:(Air Fleet 4). It departed for the front on 2 May.
1629:de Zeng, H.L.; Stankey, D.G.; Creek, E.J. (2009).
950:bridge, scored hits, but could not destroy it. At
666:On 5 July, Operation Citadel began, beginning the
207:E-7s and was placed under the leadership of Major
1963:Military units and formations established in 1942
1030:Organization of the Luftwaffe during World War II
942:In March 1945 SG 1 was engaged in attacks on the
1949:
713:on 12 July as the SS sought a breakthrough. The
1599:Bergström, Christer; Mikhailov, Andrey (2001).
1520:Barbarossa - The Air Battle: July–December 1941
850:On the same day 8.(Pz)./Schl.G 1 became 9.(Pz)/
1691:
1502:
1727:
883:The redesignation caused SG 1 to inherit the
1019:Major Peter Gasmann, 1 May 1944 – 8 May 1945
792:
553:Second group in particular, flying from the
1734:
1720:
1665:Eagle in Flames: The Fall of the Luftwaffe
1555:
1533:
1403:
1391:
1376:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1274:
1250:
1238:
1214:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1151:
1109:
658:commanded 17 and 16 Hs 129s respectively.
436:. The wing was involved in the subsequent
24:
1577:
1487:
1475:
1463:
1451:
1439:
1427:
876:also, retaining the names (1., 2. and 3.
826:Fw 190 F-8 in late war, "low-visibility"
406:Panzer-Grenadier-Division Großdeutschland
396:Schl.G. 1 supported the summer offensive
821:
724:
706:attacked the SS Corps alone and failed.
467:recipient, was shot down, but survived.
363:
760:through encirclement after cutting the
561:. By 22 December it had pulled back to
498:On 19 November 1942 the Red Army began
1950:
985:
919:and were based in the central sector.
493:
226:biplanes. II./Schl.G. 1 was formed at
1715:
463:s commanding officer Josef Menapace,
661:
646:which retained the Hs 123. Based at
368:A Bf 109E in Romanian colours, near
191:1 was formed on 13 January 1942 at
13:
1653:. University of Kansas; Lawrence.
974:on 5 November 1942 and arrived in
14:
1979:
1561:Kursk – The Air Battle: July 1943
1416:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1326:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1314:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1302:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1290:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1263:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1227:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1167:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1140:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1125:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1095:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1083:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1068:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
1056:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2009
526:escape destruction in the Soviet
299:developments on the Eastern Front
39:13 January 1942 – 18 October 1943
1742:
1696:. London, UK: Neville Spearman.
733:The VVS had concentrated on the
488:destruction of the Kalach pocket
465:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
304:
50:
1563:. Hinkley: Midland Puplishing.
1541:. Hinkley: Midland Puplishing.
1511:
961:
764:-Orel highway and rail line at
581:to abandon some Hs 123s there.
1618:. Ian Allan Publishing. 2003.
1016:, 18 October 1943 – 1 May 1944
518:The wing supported the failed
275:
230:on 13 January 1942. It had 16
1:
1522:. London: Chevron/Ian Allan.
1518:Bergstrom, Christer (2007a).
1035:
326:Battle of the Kerch Peninsula
203:. The command unit had three
1679:The German Air War in Russia
1503:Shores, Ring & Hess 1975
1040:
589:lost its commanding officer
428:The German-led armies reach
384:, which became known as the
183:
41:18 October 1943 – 8 May 1945
7:
1667:. Arms & Armour Press.
1023:
10:
1984:
295:Oberkommando der Luftwaffe
1853:
1758:
1229:, pp. 184, 186, 189.
1085:, pp. 187, 189, 195.
793:Retreat and final battles
674:was bogged down, but the
124:
119:
109:
101:
83:
73:
63:
45:
35:
23:
18:
1677:Muller, Richard (1992).
1647:Hayward, Joel S (1998).
1633:. Ian Allan Publishing.
854:. 4.(Pz) was ordered to
515:109E-7s and 11 Hs 123s.
510:'s 8th Cavalry Corps at
386:Second Battle of Kharkov
316:Schl.G. 1 supported the
145:(originally abbreviated
605:Third Battle of Kharkov
528:Operation Little Saturn
359:132nd Infantry Division
320:, under the command of
929:Vistula–Oder Offensive
865:Sturzkampfgeschwader 1
831:
730:
678:made more ground. The
524:Italian Army in Russia
520:Operation Winter Storm
373:
215:(4th Air Corps) under
1694:Fighters Over Tunisia
1663:Hooton, E.R. (1997).
1241:, pp. 89, 91–92.
901:Battle of the Dnieper
825:
728:
711:Battle of Prokhorovka
696:5th Guards Tank Corps
684:2nd Guards Tank Corps
672:XXXXVIII Panzer Corps
367:
96:Offensive counter air
1328:, pp. 188, 195.
1316:, pp. 186, 192.
1070:, pp. 180, 187.
980:Schlachtgeschwader 2
715:5th Guards Tank Army
686:. With support from
623:, and fought in the
438:Battle of Stalingrad
410:24th Panzer Division
400:(28 June), into the
205:Messerschmitt Bf 109
178:Messerschmitt Bf 109
30:Schlachtgeschwader 1
19:Schlachtgeschwader 1
1616:Air War Over Russia
1579:Bergström, Christer
1557:Bergström, Christer
1535:Bergström, Christer
1478:, pp. 109–110.
1418:, p. 195, 188.
1406:, pp. 108–109.
1394:, pp. 102–103.
1265:, pp. 191–192.
1253:, pp. 102–103.
1000:Hubertus Hitschhold
986:Commanding officers
924:Operation Bagration
522:, and assisted the
494:Retreat in the East
332:Max Eck was posted
288:; most notably the
832:
758:Second Panzer Army
735:Fourth Panzer Army
731:
692:Panzerjägerstaffel
676:II SS Panzer Corps
374:
322:Erich von Manstein
255:Panzerjägerstaffel
189:Schlachtgeschwader
164:. It operated the
141:Schlachtgeschwader
1945:
1944:
1748:Close air support
1703:978-0-85435-210-4
1659:978-0-7006-1146-1
1640:978-1-9065-3708-1
1624:978-0-7110-2890-6
1614:Brookes, Andrew.
1609:978-0-935553-51-2
1592:978-1-903223-91-8
1570:978-1-903223-88-8
1548:978-1-85780-276-4
1528:978-1-85780-270-2
1364:, pp. 79–81.
1340:, pp. 56–57.
1154:, pp. 33–34.
917:Army Group Centre
913:Third Panzer Army
750:Operation Kutuzov
662:Kursk and Kutuzov
650:it supported the
334:missing in action
286:Spanish Civil War
251:VIII Fliegerkorps
174:Focke-Wulf Fw 190
134:
133:
92:Anti-tank warfare
88:Close air support
1975:
1746:
1745:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1644:
1596:
1574:
1552:
1506:
1500:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1380:
1374:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1128:
1122:
1113:
1107:
1098:
1092:
1086:
1080:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
629:Kuban bridgehead
559:8th Italian Army
500:Operation Uranus
482:was diverted to
462:
224:Henschel Hs 123s
201:Lehrgeschwader 2
56:
54:
53:
28:
16:
15:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1958:Luftwaffe Wings
1948:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1857:
1849:
1762:
1754:
1743:
1740:
1710:
1704:
1641:
1593:
1571:
1549:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1494:
1486:
1482:
1474:
1470:
1462:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1438:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1404:Bergström 2007c
1402:
1398:
1392:Bergström 2007c
1390:
1383:
1377:Bergström 2007c
1375:
1368:
1362:Bergström 2007c
1360:
1356:
1350:Bergström 2007c
1348:
1344:
1338:Bergström 2007c
1336:
1332:
1324:
1320:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1288:
1281:
1275:Bergström 2007b
1273:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1251:Bergström 2007b
1249:
1245:
1239:Bergström 2007b
1237:
1233:
1225:
1221:
1215:Bergström 2007b
1213:
1209:
1203:Bergström 2007b
1201:
1197:
1191:Bergström 2007b
1189:
1185:
1179:Bergström 2007b
1177:
1173:
1165:
1158:
1152:Bergström 2007b
1150:
1146:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1116:
1110:Bergström 2007b
1108:
1101:
1093:
1089:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1062:
1054:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1026:
1014:Gustav Pressler
1012:Oberstleutnant
1007:Alfred Druschel
1005:Oberstleutnant
998:Oberstleutnant
991:Oberstleutnant
988:
964:
907:. The units of
795:
786:Fliegerdivision
704:10th Tank Corps
668:Battle of Kursk
664:
625:Taman Peninsula
571:3rd Guards Army
567:1st Guards Army
548:18th Tank Corps
496:
460:
307:
278:
236:Alfred Druschel
232:Henschel Hs 129
213:IV Fliegerkorps
186:
170:Henschel Hs 129
166:Henschel Hs 123
153:) was a German
137:
126:
94:
90:
51:
49:
40:
31:
12:
11:
5:
1981:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1768:
1766:
1756:
1755:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1716:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1689:
1675:
1661:
1645:
1639:
1626:
1612:
1597:
1591:
1575:
1569:
1553:
1547:
1531:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1492:
1490:, p. 116.
1488:Bergström 2008
1480:
1476:Bergström 2008
1468:
1464:Bergström 2008
1456:
1452:Bergström 2008
1444:
1440:Bergström 2008
1432:
1428:Bergström 2008
1420:
1408:
1396:
1381:
1366:
1354:
1342:
1330:
1318:
1306:
1304:, p. 188.
1294:
1292:, p. 192.
1279:
1277:, p. 116.
1267:
1255:
1243:
1231:
1219:
1207:
1195:
1183:
1171:
1169:, p. 189.
1156:
1144:
1142:, p. 187.
1129:
1127:, p. 184.
1114:
1099:
1097:, p. 168.
1087:
1072:
1060:
1058:, p. 180.
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1010:
1003:
1002:, 18 June 1942
996:
995:, January 1942
987:
984:
963:
960:
922:In June 1944,
905:Battle of Kiev
794:
791:
777:1st Tank Corps
663:
660:
592:Oberstleutnant
563:Voroshilovgrad
495:
492:
398:Operation Blue
306:
303:
277:
274:
185:
182:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:Identification
122:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
105:Air Force Wing
103:
99:
98:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
47:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
29:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1980:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1750:wings of the
1749:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1705:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1688:
1687:1-877853-13-5
1684:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1673:1-86019-995-X
1670:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1585:. Ian Allan.
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1505:, p. 82.
1504:
1499:
1497:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1472:
1466:, p. 98.
1465:
1460:
1454:, p. 96.
1453:
1448:
1442:, p. 94.
1441:
1436:
1430:, p. 73.
1429:
1424:
1417:
1412:
1405:
1400:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1379:, p. 81.
1378:
1373:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1352:, p. 66.
1351:
1346:
1339:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1315:
1310:
1303:
1298:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1276:
1271:
1264:
1259:
1252:
1247:
1240:
1235:
1228:
1223:
1217:, p. 79.
1216:
1211:
1205:, p. 57.
1204:
1199:
1193:, p. 56.
1192:
1187:
1181:, p. 40.
1180:
1175:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1153:
1148:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1112:, p. 31.
1111:
1106:
1104:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1069:
1064:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1045:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
989:
983:
981:
977:
973:
970:departed for
969:
959:
957:
953:
949:
945:
940:
938:
937:16th Air Army
934:
930:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
889:
886:
885:Junkers Ju 87
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
866:
860:
857:
853:
848:
846:
842:
838:
829:
824:
820:
818:
814:
809:
805:
801:
790:
787:
783:
782:Georg Dörffel
778:
773:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
727:
723:
720:
716:
712:
707:
705:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
659:
657:
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
621:Rostov-on-Don
618:
613:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
593:
588:
582:
580:
577:, forcing 7.
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
538:, along with
537:
533:
532:MK 101 cannon
529:
525:
521:
516:
513:
509:
508:5th Tank Army
503:
501:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
394:
391:
387:
383:
379:
371:
366:
362:
360:
355:
351:
346:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
305:Eastern Front
302:
300:
296:
291:
290:Heinkel He 51
287:
283:
273:
271:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
144:
142:
136:Military unit
129:
123:
118:
115:
112:
108:
104:
100:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
79:
78:Ground-attack
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
59:
48:
44:
38:
34:
27:
22:
17:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1763:
1759:
1693:
1678:
1664:
1648:
1630:
1615:
1600:
1582:
1560:
1538:
1519:
1512:Bibliography
1483:
1471:
1459:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1411:
1399:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1309:
1297:
1270:
1258:
1246:
1234:
1222:
1210:
1198:
1186:
1174:
1147:
1090:
1063:
972:North Africa
967:
965:
962:North Africa
941:
932:
921:
909:Luftflotte 6
896:
893:Luftflotte 4
890:
882:
877:
863:
861:
849:
844:
840:
833:
827:
816:
807:
796:
785:
774:
770:
739:
732:
718:
708:
700:
691:
665:
655:
643:
641:
632:
611:
609:
596:
590:
586:
583:
578:
552:
550:approached.
517:
504:
497:
484:North Africa
479:
474:was sent to
471:
469:
457:
427:
414:8th Air Army
395:
390:4th Air Army
375:
353:
349:
347:
315:
310:
308:
279:
265:
259:
254:
246:
242:
240:
221:
217:Luftflotte 4
188:
187:
162:World War II
150:
146:
140:
139:
138:
114:World War II
58:Nazi Germany
1760:Sturzkampf-
1009:, June 1943
828:Balkenkreuz
573:approached
434:Volga River
282:World War I
276:War service
245:and the 8.
149:and latter
110:Engagements
1952:Categories
1859:geschwader
1764:geschwader
1036:References
843:became 8.
637:Zaporozhye
512:Oblivskaya
430:Stalingrad
370:Stalingrad
348:4. and 8.
311:geschwader
209:Otto Weiss
176:, and the
1855:Schlacht-
1752:Luftwaffe
1559:(2007c).
1537:(2007b).
1041:Citations
993:Otto Weiß
766:Khotynets
652:17th Army
627:, at the
601:Waffen SS
575:Morozovsk
536:Millerovo
423:Don River
330:Hauptmann
318:11th Army
228:Lippstadt
184:Formation
155:Luftwaffe
147:Schl.G. 1
68:Luftwaffe
1581:(2008).
1024:See also
897:schlacht
874:Bobruisk
830:markings
756:and the
754:9th Army
719:Schlacht
442:6th Army
402:Caucasus
343:Martovka
338:Red Army
197:Dortmund
120:Insignia
968:Staffel
952:Ratibor
933:Staffel
891:All of
878:Staffel
845:Staffel
841:Staffel
817:Staffel
808:Staffel
802:, then
800:Konotop
762:Bryansk
656:Staffel
644:Staffel
633:Staffel
617:Poltava
612:Staffel
603:at the
597:Staffel
587:Staffel
579:Staffel
555:Rossosh
546:as the
480:Staffel
472:Staffel
458:Staffel
456:and 7.
432:on the
382:Kharkov
354:Staffel
350:Staffel
324:in the
266:Staffel
247:Staffel
243:Staffel
241:The 4.
195:, near
160:during
46:Country
1700:
1685:
1671:
1657:
1637:
1622:
1607:
1589:
1567:
1545:
1526:
956:Göritz
948:Zellin
804:Nezhin
446:StG 77
419:Donets
270:Crimea
127:symbol
64:Branch
55:
36:Active
976:Tunis
870:StG 1
856:Orsha
839:; 5.
815:. 1.
813:SG 77
688:JG 51
648:Anapa
544:KG 27
476:Jesau
461:'
454:JG 52
450:StG 2
378:Izyum
262:Rzhev
1698:ISBN
1683:ISBN
1669:ISBN
1655:ISBN
1635:ISBN
1620:ISBN
1605:ISBN
1587:ISBN
1565:ISBN
1543:ISBN
1524:ISBN
944:Oder
903:and
852:SG 9
837:SG 2
811:II./
746:Orel
742:SG 2
542:and
540:KG 3
448:and
421:and
408:and
380:and
297:and
193:Werl
158:wing
151:SG 1
130:none
102:Size
84:Role
74:Type
1937:152
1932:151
1927:111
1922:104
1917:103
1912:102
1907:101
1845:168
1840:167
1835:165
1830:163
1825:162
1821:160
1817:151
1812:102
1807:101
966:5.
895:'s
768:.
690:'s
610:4.
280:In
1954::
1902:77
1897:10
1802:77
1797:76
1792:51
1495:^
1384:^
1369:^
1282:^
1159:^
1132:^
1117:^
1102:^
1075:^
1048:^
847:.
748:.
639:.
425:.
301:.
180:.
172:,
168:,
1892:9
1887:5
1882:4
1877:3
1872:2
1867:1
1787:5
1782:3
1777:2
1772:1
1735:e
1728:t
1721:v
1706:.
1643:.
1611:.
1595:.
1573:.
1551:.
1530:.
143:1
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