207:
40:
1663:
384:
364:
369:
577:. African historians presently use several conflicting chronologies for the history of Kanem–Bornu. Below a list of the main kings of the Empire with the conflicting chronologies is provided.
394:
389:
374:
359:
186:
379:
354:
216:
543:"The legendary eponymous ancestor of the Saifawa, as the Maghumi are called, only became in Muslim times Saif, the 'lion of Yaman.' The pre-Muslim dynasty is known as the
530:
1328:
659:
288:
278:
1054:
567:
alone. The chronology of kings has been ascertained from dynastic records of the Sefuwa on the basis of lengths of reign for the successive kings (
1906:
Levtzion, Nehemia (1978):"The
Saharan and the Sudan from the Arab conquest of the Maghrib to the rise of the Almoravids", in: J. D. Fage (ed.),
1988:
523:
253:
1896:
1718:(Memoires De L'Institut Francais D'Afrique Noire, No. 7 ed.). Paris: Librairie Larose. pp. 26, 35, 52, 56–57, 73, 75.
2028:
516:
258:
1957:
1858:
1830:
1670:
The
Sayfawa dynasty ended in 1846 and was succeeded by a series of Sheikhs who ruled the Bornu empire until 1893.
2033:
1945:
African States and Rulers: An encyclopedia of Native, Colonial and
Independent States and Rulers Past and Present
293:
223:
263:
195:
206:
2043:
1574:
298:
283:
268:
1778:
595:
273:
17:
1949:
1943:
560:
152:
2038:
2010:
2004:
912:
1982:
8:
1772:
1637:
974:
452:
50:
1953:
1854:
1826:
1590:
1888:
Barth, Heinrich (1858). "Chronological table, containing a list of the Sefuwa", in:
1913:
990:
958:
838:
814:
625:
238:
1474:
1070:
942:
882:
555:
The chronology of the Sefuwa concerns the rule of the
Sayfawa dynasty first over
472:
412:
1006:
770:
726:
590:
544:
228:
175:
2022:
502:
482:
457:
326:
1684:
1679:
1416:
676:
564:
556:
492:
487:
442:
437:
417:
316:
248:
243:
156:
39:
2003:
477:
467:
432:
427:
422:
331:
164:
1400:
600:
497:
462:
447:
92:
1728:
1038:
233:
1948:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. p.
1689:
1312:
1022:
754:
642:
1877:
Barkindo, Bawuro (1985). "The early states of the
Central Sudan",
694:
List of rulers of the
Sayfawa dynasty according to John Stewart's
1981:
336:
168:
1897:"Adventures in the chronology of the states of the Chad Basin".
738:
608:
573:
321:
144:
1662:
87:
160:
1918:
Corpus of Early Arabic
Sources for West African History
1666:
The farthest extent of the medieval Kanem–Bornu state.
1901:
Datations et chronologies dans le Bassin du Lac Chad
174:
The dynasty was rooted in the Tubu expansion by the
1774:
1890:Travel and Discoveries in North and Central Africa
2020:
550:
1899:In: D. Barreteau and C. v. Graffenried (eds.),
1966:Urvoy, Yves (1941). "Chronologie du Bornou",
1941:
524:
1910:, vol. II, Cambridge 1978, pp. 637–684.
2001:
1844:
1842:
531:
517:
38:
1998:, 4th ed., Chicago 1980, vol. 4, 572-582.
1738:
1736:
1661:
27:Second dynasty of the Kanem–Bornu Empire
1848:
1839:
1820:
1709:
1707:
1705:
14:
2021:
1968:Journal de la Société des Africanistes
1814:
1777:. London: Ward, Lock, and Co. p.
1747:. London: John Murray. pp. 90–95.
1742:
1934:, in: J. Ajayi and M. Crowder (Hg.),
1932:The early states of the Central Sudan
1853:. London: McFarland. pp. 34–35.
1770:
1733:
1713:
2014:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1992:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911.
1938:. Vol. I, 1. Ausg., London, 158-183.
1764:
1702:
151:, as they called themselves) of the
24:
1885:, vol. I, 3rd ed. Harlow, 225-254.
1881:: J. Ajayi and M. Crowder (eds.),
1825:. London: McFarland. p. 146.
25:
2055:
2002:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1974:
1923:Palmer, Herbert Richmond (1936).
786:Bikorom (or Dala, or Abdallah I)
563:and finally, since c. 1380, over
355:Pacification of Northern Nigeria
205:
1908:The Cambridge History of Africa
1871:
1805:
1792:
1751:
1722:
13:
1:
1892:. Vol. II, New York, 581-602.
1716:Historie De L'Empire Du Bronu
1695:
868:Kashim Biri (or Abdul Kadim)
551:Sayfawa-Humewa kings in Kanem
2029:Countries in medieval Africa
7:
1811:Urvoy "Chronologie", 27-31.
1673:
163:, and then, after 1380, in
10:
2060:
2005:"General Chronology"
1883:The History of West Africa
1745:The Bornu Sahara and Sudan
830:(c. 1256 – c. 1400)
729:which had ruled since 784)
1930:Smith, Abdullahi (1971).
1916:and John Hopkins (1981):
1851:African States and Rulers
1823:African States and Rulers
1743:Palmer, Richmond (1936).
1655:
1247:
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1110:
826:
718:
696:African States and Rulers
118:
104:
80:
72:
64:
56:
46:
37:
32:
1729:US Country Studies: Chad
1996:Encyclopædia Britannica
1989:Encyclopædia Britannica
1114:(c. 1400 – 1846)
800:Abdul Jalil (or Jilim)
1942:Stewart, John (1989).
1936:History of West Africa
1925:Bornu Sahara and Sudan
1849:Stewart, John (1989).
1821:Stewart, John (1989).
1667:
1560:Ali IV ibn Haj Hamdun
1532:Muhammad VII Erghamma
1164:Abdullah III Dakumuni
2011:Catholic Encyclopedia
1895:Lavers, John (1993).
1771:Barth, Henry (1890).
1761:, II, 15-25, 581-602.
1665:
1432:Muhammad Bukalmarami
234:Kwararafa Confederacy
167:(today north-eastern
1372:Dunama V Ngumaramma
1136:Uthman III Kaliwama
155:, centered first in
1386:Dala (or Abdullah)
1344:Muhammad V Aminami
943:Kure Gana es-Saghir
722:(1085 – 1256)
264:Protectorate Period
143:is the name of the
2034:Kanem–Bornu Empire
1983:"Chronology"
1714:Urvoy, Y. (1949).
1668:
959:Kure Kura al-Kabir
583:Name of the king (
153:Kanem–Bornu Empire
51:Kanem-Bornu Empire
1903:, Paris, 255-267.
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327:Kanuri People
325:
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322:Fulani People
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239:Sokoto Period
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55:
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49:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
2039:Kanem Empire
2009:
1995:
1987:
1970:, 11, 21-31.
1967:
1944:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1920:, Cambridge.
1917:
1907:
1900:
1889:
1882:
1878:
1872:Bibliography
1850:
1822:
1816:
1807:
1799:
1794:
1782:. Retrieved
1773:
1766:
1758:
1753:
1744:
1724:
1715:
1685:Kanem Empire
1680:Bornu Empire
1669:
1446:Ibrahim III
1417:Idris Alooma
1313:Ali Gajideni
1298:Muhammad IV
1220:Muhammad II
1112:Bornu Empire
1111:
827:
719:
711:Reign Start
695:
693:
692:
677:Idris Alauma
643:Ali Gajideni
630:1221–1259/60
584:
572:
568:
554:
542:
365:Demographics
317:Hausa People
311:By ethnicity
299:1999–present
254:Pre-colonial
229:Hausa States
173:
148:
140:
136:
132:
128:
127:
111:Mai of Bornu
76:Ali Delatumi
1994:; see also
1582:March 1808
1178:Ibrahim II
1150:Dunama III
1100:Kade Afunu
913:Abdullah II
828:Kanem-Bornu
684:1570-1602/3
596:Palmer 1936
561:Kanem–Bornu
332:Nupe People
196:History of
159:in western
119:Dissolution
73:Final ruler
2023:Categories
1802:, 112-268.
1696:References
1622:(Restored)
1504:Dunama VI
1401:Aissa Koli
1270:Uthman IV
975:Muhammad I
898:Ibrahim I
714:Reign End
687:1580–1617
670:1507–1529
653:1473–1507
636:1210–1224
619:1085–1097
601:Urvoy 1941
591:Barth 1857
224:Prehistory
147:kings (or
93:Ngazargamu
1950:395 Pages
1927:. London.
1490:Idris IV
1460:Umar III
1122:Biri III
1039:Uthman II
681:1572–1603
667:1503–1526
664:1505–1526
650:1476–1503
647:1472–1504
633:1221–1259
616:1086–1097
613:1086–1097
473:Nassarawa
375:Economics
370:Diplomacy
294:1993–1999
289:1983–1993
284:1979–1983
279:1966–1979
274:1963–1966
269:1953–1960
1798:Palmer,
1784:10 March
1690:Othman I
1674:See also
1284:Umar II
1023:Uthman I
755:Dunama I
699:(1989).
407:By state
390:Military
385:Medicine
349:By topic
217:Timeline
187:a series
185:Part of
1759:Travels
1757:Barth,
1638:Ibrahim
1518:Hamdan
1475:Ali III
503:Zamfara
483:Plateau
453:Katsina
413:Adamawa
360:Culture
176:Kanembu
169:Nigeria
133:Sefouwa
65:Founder
57:Founded
47:Country
18:Sayfawa
1956:
1857:
1829:
1256:Ghaji
1192:Kadai
1086:Sa'id
928:Selma
771:Biri I
574:Girgam
493:Taraba
488:Sokoto
443:Kaduna
438:Jigawa
418:Bauchi
189:on the
145:Muslim
137:Sefawa
105:Titles
97:Kafela
60:700 AC
1800:Bornu
1656:1846
1645:1846
1642:1817
1629:1817
1626:1814
1612:1814
1609:1810
1598:1810
1595:1808
1579:1793
1566:1793
1563:1755
1552:1755
1549:1752
1538:1752
1535:1737
1524:1737
1521:1723
1510:1723
1507:1704
1496:1704
1493:1685
1482:1685
1479:1645
1466:1645
1463:1625
1452:1625
1449:1617
1438:1617
1435:1603
1424:1603
1421:1580
1408:1580
1405:1570
1392:1570
1389:1563
1378:1563
1375:1546
1364:1546
1361:1545
1350:1545
1347:1526
1336:1526
1333:1504
1320:1504
1317:1472
1304:1472
1301:1467
1290:1467
1287:1466
1276:1466
1273:1461
1262:1461
1259:1456
1248:1456
1237:1456
1226:1456
1223:1455
1212:1455
1209:1451
1198:1451
1195:1450
1184:1450
1181:1442
1170:1442
1167:1435
1156:1435
1153:1433
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1139:1432
1128:1432
1125:1400
1106:1400
1103:1399
1092:1399
1089:1398
1078:1398
1075:1394
1062:1394
1059:1392
1046:1392
1043:1391
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1027:1386
1014:1386
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982:1353
979:1352
966:1352
963:1351
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947:1350
934:1350
931:1346
920:1346
917:1326
904:1326
901:1307
890:1307
887:1288
874:1288
871:1260
860:1260
857:1259
854:Kade
846:1259
843:1256
822:1256
819:1221
806:1221
803:1194
792:1194
789:1176
778:1176
775:1150
762:1150
759:1097
746:1097
743:1085
720:Kanem
708:Name
675:(53)
658:(48)
641:(47)
624:(17)
607:(12)
565:Bornu
557:Kanem
478:Niger
468:Kwara
458:Kebbi
433:Gombe
428:Borno
423:Benue
395:Women
249:Bornu
244:Kanem
165:Borno
157:Kanem
139:, or
88:Njimi
1954:ISBN
1855:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1786:2019
1234:Amr
739:Hume
609:Hume
498:Yobe
463:Kogi
448:Kano
161:Chad
122:1846
68:Saif
1779:361
1650:60
1634:59
1603:58
1587:57
1571:56
1557:55
1543:54
1529:53
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1019:18
1003:17
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939:13
925:12
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585:mai
569:mai
171:).
149:mai
2025::
2008:.
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1952:.
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1735:^
1704:^
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131:,
1962:.
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