Satanism - Knowledge

3273:"The Church of Satan's Policy on Politics" is that the Church has no “'official' political position". "Politics are up to each individual member", and those members embrace all sorts of different ideologies (it then lists every conceivable ideology including Communism and Socialism), but most members will "support political candidates and movements whose goals reflect their own practical needs and desires". It also describes "the emotional drive to 'change the world'" as a "common stage of early adult development typically beginning around age 16 and lasting until around age 24." Elsewhere however, Church writings argue for things not at all consistent with any leftward or even centrist politics. According to Ruben van Luijk and Amina Lap, LaVey thought eugenics could and should be part of the human future, leading to the breeding of an elite reflecting LaVey's "Satanic" principles, who would come to power, and then hopefully relegate the rest of the human "herd" into ghettoes, ideally "space ghettoes" located on other planets. 799:, and the dance of the fairies were incorporated into it. The earliest trials took place in Northern Italy and France, before spreading it out to other areas of Europe and to Britain's North American colonies, being carried out by the legal authorities in both Catholic and Protestant regions. Most historians agree that the majority of those persecuted in these witch trials were innocent of any involvement in Devil worship. Historian Darren Eldridge writes that claims that there actually was a cult of devil-worshippers being pursued by witch hunters "have not survived the scrutiny of surviving trial records" done by historians from 1962-2012. However, in their summary of the evidence for the trials, the historians Geoffrey Scarre and John Callow thought it "without doubt" that some of those accused in the trials had been guilty of employing magic in an attempt to harm their enemies and were thus genuinely guilty of witchcraft. 1692:, the Satanism of "reputed criminal elements", and the variety that lay groups and the media tend to focus on (especially during the Satanic Panic of the 1980s). (Satanic Underground may be similar to Reactive Satanism.) Information on the underground is often less than reliable, as reports are sensational and the Satanists themselves are secretive. Establishment and Underground Satanism conflict, the first wanting to preserve its social acceptance and tax-exempt status that the sensational crimes or alleged crimes of the underground put in jeopardy. How much cause and effect there is a between Underground Satanism and crime comes into question because according to at least one report, "nearly worshipping criminal has had a history of anti-social behavior ... long before taking up occult trappings.") On the other hand, evidence of personality disorders does not mean the disorder sufferer does not have sincere Satanic beliefs. 2607:, in most cases as a form of vigilante justice. Most practitioners conduct their religious observances in a solitary manner, and never or rarely meet fellow Satanists for rituals. Rather, the primary interaction that takes place between Satanists is online, on websites or via email. From their survey data, Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen noted that the average length of involvement in the Satanic milieu was seven years. A Satanist's involvement in the movement tends to peak in their early twenties and drops off sharply in their thirties. A small proportion retain their allegiance to the religion into their elder years. When asked about their ideology, the largest proportion of Satanists identified as apolitical or non-aligned, while only a small percentage identified as conservative. A small minority of Satanists expressed support for 2098:, left the church, taking 28 members with him. Aquino's anger that LaVey had devalued his high level grade of "magister" in the church may have initiated his break, but Aquino also disagreed with LaVey's materialist philosophy, arguing that while the church might publicly be materialist, Satan as symbol was "only part of the truth". Aquino held a ritual to ask Satan "where to lead" his CoS defectors and on the night of June 21–22, 1975, Satan allegedly told him to “Reconsecrate my Temple and my Order in the true name of Set. No longer will I accept the bastard title of a Hebrew fiend.” Thus Aquino came to believe that the name 2579:

becoming Satanists. In comprising more men than women, Satanism differs from most other religious communities, including most new religious communities. Most Satanists came to their religion through reading, either online or books, rather than through being introduced to it through personal contacts. Many practitioners do not claim that they converted to Satanism, but rather state that they were born that way, and only later in life confirmed that Satanism served as an appropriate label for their pre-existing worldviews. Others have stated that they had experiences with

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century saw the emergence of what has been termed "literary Satanism" or "romantic Satanism", where in poetry, plays, and novels, God is portrayed not as benevolent but using His omnipotent power for tyranny. Whereas in Christian doctrine Satan was an enemy of not only god but humanity, in the romantic portrayal he was a brave, noble, rebel against tyranny, a friend to other victims of the all powerful bully, i.e. humans. These writers saw Satan as a metaphor to criticize the power of churches and state and to champion the values of reason and liberty.

1878:), as virtues not vices. LaVey went beyond discouraging sexual inhibitions and feelings of guilt and shame over fetishes, calling for a celebration of, and indulgence in, humanity's animal nature and its desires, which Christianity sought to suppress. Human beings should seek out the carnal rather than the spiritual; satisfying the ego's desires enhanced an individual's pride, self-respect, and self-realization. Hate, and aggression were necessary and advantageous for survival, victims should not "turn the other cheek" but take an "eye for an eye". 1190: 2975: 1392: 1893:; it would be one in which the population consists of "free-spirited, well-armed, fully-conscious, self-disciplined individuals, who will neither need nor tolerate any external entity 'protecting' them or telling them what they can and cannot do." Another version of the Satanic society envisioned by LaVey was the breeding of an elite people "superior" in their creativity and nonconformity. These would live apart from the rest of the human "herd" — who would be relegated into ghettoes, ideally "space ghettoes" located on other planets. 2234: 733: 10910: 2408: 696:, with Lucifer having appeared at their meetings in the form of a cat. As well as these Christian groups, these claims were also made about Europe's Jewish community. In the thirteenth century, there were also references made to a group of "Luciferians" led by a woman named Lucardis which hoped to see Satan rule in Heaven. References to this group continued into the fourteenth century, although historians studying the allegations concur that these Luciferians were likely a fictitious invention. 1882:

the other way around, LaVey asked "'Why not really be honest and if you are going to create a god in your image, why not create that god as yourself'.... every man is a god if he chooses to recognize himself as one". Not everyone would measure up to being a god however. Human social equality was a "myth", leading to "mediocrity" and support of the weak at the expense of the strong. "Social stratification" was part of LaVey and the Church's "Five Point Program".

570: 2260:'s co-founder and former leader Clifford Herrington. With its inception, spiritual Satanism was born – a current that until recently was regarded only as "theist", but then defined into "Spiritual Satanism" by theistic Satanists who concluded that the term "spiritual" in Satanism represented the best answer to the world, considering it a "moral slap" toward the earlier carnal and materialistic LaVeyan Satanism, and instead focusing its attention upon 3113: 2160:, England, during the late 1960s, when a Grand Mistress united a number of ancient pagan groups active in the area. This account states that when the Order's Grand Mistress migrated to Australia, a man known as "Anton Long" took over as the new Grand Master. From 1976 onward, he authored an array of texts for the tradition, codifying and extending its teachings, mythos, and structure. Various academics have argued that Long is the pseudonym of 249: 855: 2382: 2373:. Much of their beliefs on aliens, meditation, and telepathic contacts with demons have become popular in a larger milieu within the currents of recent non-LaVeyan theistic Satanism. According to Petersen's survey (2014), Joy of Satan's angelfire network has a surprising prominence among theistic Satanist websites on the internet. In addition, James R. Lewis's "Satan census" (2009) also revealed a presence of respondents to Joy of Satan. 613:". Christianity being a monotheist religion, Christian theologians believed that since there was only one God (the God of Christianity) the gods and goddesses with supernatural powers venerated by these "pagans" could not be genuine divinities but must actually be demons. However, they did not believe that "pagans" were deliberately worshipping devils, but were instead simply misguided and unaware of the "true" God. 1481: 2187:. According to the Order's teachings, such opfers must demonstrate character faults that mark them out as being worthy of death. No O9A cell has admitted to carrying out a sacrifice in a ritualized manner, but rather, Order members have joined the police and military in order to carry out such killings. Faxneld described the Order as "a dangerous and extreme form of Satanism", while religious studies scholar 37: 1739: 2323:, and Melek Taus partially deriving from the writings of Anton LaVey. Satan is seen not only as an important deity but a powerful and sentient being responsible for the creation of humanity. Satan is also revered by JoS as "the true father and creator God of humanity", the bringer of knowledge, and whose desire is for his creations, humans, to elevate themselves through knowledge and understanding. 2168:, (Myatt denies it but Religion scholar Jacob Senholt "copies of ONA documents from 1978 with Myatt’s name on them" have been found and "early ONA texts were published" by a press that "Myatt owned"). The O9A arose to public attention in the early 1980s, spreading its message through magazine articles over the following two decades. In 2000, it established a presence on the internet, later adopting 1950:

community-mindedness), the Christian principles TST wants to reverse are politically conservative activist ones – the elimination of the right to abortion, the teaching of evolution, the separation of church and state, etc. This "left-wing", “socially engaged Satanism”, involves activism, rather than the individualism and right-wing-oriented, "getting what you want for yourself", of the CoS.

3127: 2106:, the Egyptian god of darkness. The philosophy of the Temple of Set may be summed up as "enlightened individualism"— enhancement and improvement of oneself by personal education, experiment, and initiation. This process is necessarily different and distinctive for each individual. The members do not agree on whether Set is real or symbolic, and they're not expected to. 2141: 1030:—claimed that they had been members of Satanic groups who carried out sex rituals and animal sacrifices before discovering Christianity. According to Gareth Medway in his historical examination of Satanism, these stories were "a series of inventions by insecure people and hack writers, each one based on a previous story, exaggerated a little more each time". 1465:(1872–1936), who used the pen name Ben Kadosh, listed "Luciferian" as his religious affiliation in answer to the Danish national census (his wife and children were listed as Lutheran), making him among the earliest "self-declared Satanists". Hansen sought to spread a cult of Satan/Lucifer, and was involved in a variety of esoteric groups, including 561:

stories of satanic activity have been commonly labeled and regarded as propaganda based on falsehood, they also partially shaped the beliefs of what would become modern religious Satanism. Those who absorbed and accepted the tales sometimes began to imitate them (celebrating Black Masses for example), a process known to folklorists as “ostension”.

1686:, which "officially condemns illegal activity". (Other Establishment Satanists are the Church of Satanic Brotherhood or the Temple of Set.) It is the variety of Satanism most studied by academic sociologists, who also represent Satanism in their "discourse" as "harmless, law-abiding alternative religions", ignoring the second type of Satanism ... 1492:(1875–1947) was widely described as a Satanist, usually by detractors. Crowley did not consider himself a Satanist, nor did he worship Satan, as he did not accept the Christian world view in which Satan was believed to exist. He nevertheless used imagery considered satanic, for instance, describing himself as "the Beast 666" and referring to the 1070:'s propaganda, and has been compared with the most virulent periods of witch hunting. The scare started in 1980 and declined slowly between 1990... and 1994, when official British and American reports denied the real existence of ritual satanic crimes. Particularly outside the U.S. and U.K., however, its consequences are still felt today. 361:

century, the term "Satanism" began to be used to describe those considered to lead a broadly immoral lifestyle, and it was only in the late nineteenth century that it came to be applied in English to individuals who were believed to consciously and deliberately venerate Satan. This latter meaning had appeared earlier in the

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favored alternative, and the phenomenon itself came to be called "the Satanism Scare". Those active in the scare alleged that there was a conspiracy of organized Satanists who occupied prominent positions throughout society, from the police to politicians, and that they had been powerful enough to cover up their crimes.

543:; and academics (for example Carlson and Larue) and others sometimes restricting its definition to "recognized Satanic churches and their members", excluding those who "believes in a literal Satan". Taub and Nelson define Satanism as "the literal or symbolic worship of Satan, the enemy of the Judeo-Christian God". 8123:

The Sonnenkrieg Division, with its glorification of sexual violence, highlights another disturbing theme relating to the ONA – sexual offending as a way of undermining social norms....The authorities are concerned by the number of paedophiles associated with the ONA, taking the group into a different

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In 1984 on Long Island, a group allegedly called the Knights of the Black Circle killed one of its own members, Gary Lauwers, over a disagreement regarding the group's illegal drug dealing; group members later related that Lauwers' death was a sacrifice to Satan. In particular, self-declared Satanist

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Some personal Satanists are teenagers or mentally disturbed individuals who have engaged in criminal activities. During the 1980s and 1990s, several groups of teenagers were apprehended after sacrificing animals and vandalizing both churches and graveyards with Satanic imagery. Introvigne stated that

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During the 1990s, the idea that groups like Church of Satan and Temple of Satan were "too benevolent and law-abiding" to be true Satanists grew, particularly among musicians and fans in extreme heavy metal music, where being more extreme meant being more authentic. These antinomian and amoral Satanic

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and claiming that the mass converted the spirit of Phelps' mother into a lesbian. The "Seven Fundamental" tenets of the temple on its website mention compassion, justice, freedom, inviolability of the human body, conforming to scientific understanding, human fallibility – but say nothing about Satan.

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LaVey's ideas were also said to "seem "contradictory" (according to Joseph Laycock). According to one CoS priest (Gavin Baddeley), LaVey's church combined “a love of life garbed in the symbols of death and fear”, and while LaVey himself pontificated on personal freedom, he "micromanaged the lives of

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By 1994, the Satanic ritual abuse hysteria had died down in the US and UK, and by the 21st century, hysteria about Satanism has waned in most Western countries, although allegations of Satanic ritual abuse continued to surface in parts of continental Europe and Latin America. In the United States SRA

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where Christianity was mocked, and toasts were made to the Devil. Beyond these sensationalist accounts, which may not be accurate portrayals of actual events, little is known about the activities of the Hellfire Clubs. Introvigne suggested that they may have engaged in a form of "playful Satanism" in

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The temple has also demanded the privileges the government affords Christians, such as giving prayers before city council meetings, erecting (satanic) statues on government property, distributing it's materials in public schools. As the movement became bigger, its congregations volunteered to clean

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of 1789–99. The figure of Satan, who was seen as having rebelled against the tyranny imposed by Jehovah, was appealing to many of the radical leftists of the period. For them, Satan was "a symbol for the struggle against tyranny, injustice, and oppression... a mythical figure of rebellion for an age

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include both groups, you have two sides with very different views on who or what Satan was/is and represented. The accusers usually follow the Christian idea of Satan as an irredeemably evil fallen angel who seeks the destruction of both God and humanity, but who (along with his followers) is doomed

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Another contributing factor to the idea of Satanism is the concept that there is an agent of misfortune and evil who operates on a cosmic scale, something usually associated with a strong form of ethical dualism that divides the world clearly into forces of good and forces of evil. The earliest such

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Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen observed that from surveys of Satanists conducted in the early 21st century, it was clear that the Satanic milieu was "heavily dominated by young males". They nevertheless noted that census data from New Zealand suggested that there may be a growing proportion of women

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Contradictions in his thought have been explained by his wanting it to have as wide appeal as possible, balancing (in his words) “nine parts” of “respectability” to “one part” of “outrageousness”. If Satanism was to be Satanic, it required some outrageous/anti-social elements, but if it was going

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in 1932. She promoted a theology centered on what she called the Third Term of the Trinity consisting of Father, Son, and Sex, the last of which she deemed to be most important. Her early disciples, who underwent what she called "Satanic Initiations", included models and art students recruited from

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literary movement that formed no organizations and did not worship Satan, but did make a crucial break away from the traditional Christian figure of the "Lord of Darkness" doomed to failure and punishment for his wickedness. They reimagined Satan as an enemy of God the powerful, but not of the weak

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commissioned the anthropologist Jean La Fontaine to examine the allegations of SRA. She noted that while approximately half did reveal evidence of genuine sexual abuse of children, none revealed any evidence that Satanist groups had been involved or that any murders had taken place. She noted three

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for helping to publicize his stories. Nine years later he told an American magazine that at first he thought readers would recognize his tales as obvious nonsense, "amusement pure and simple", but when he realized they believed his stories and that there was "lots of money" to be made in publishing

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Because the original concept of Satan come from the Judeo-Christian heritage, and because Satanists, almost by definition, oppose the teachings of those religions, people drawn to Satanism will often move on to “post-Satanism”, i.e. to a religion that does not declare itself "Satanic", but includes

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Similar to the way certain Christian denominations accuse each other of heresy, different satanic groups – mainly the Church of Satan (CoS), the Temple of Set (ToS), the Order of Nine Angles (ONA), and The Satanic Temple (TST) – often accuse one another of being fraudulent Satanists and/or ignorant

199:. Atheistic Satanists regard Satan as a symbol of certain human traits, a useful metaphor without ontological reality. Contemporary religious Satanism is predominantly an American phenomenon, though the rise of globalization and the Internet have seen these ideas spread to other parts of the world. 1881:

Satanists should be individualistic, non-conformist, contemptuous of "colorless" mainstream society. LaVey saw Satanism as something like a personality type as much as a belief, since Satanists "are outsiders by their nature", and "born, not made". Since gods are actually a creation of man and not

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literary concept of Satan, not as a symbol of evil, but as a rebel anti-hero, defying God’s tyranny with charisma and bravery. Together with the romanticism, "humanism, hedonism, aspects of pop psychology and the human potential movement" were woven together by LaVey, and publicized with "a lot of

1219:) contributed to a shift in many Europeans' concept of Satan. In this context, a number of individuals took Satan out of the traditional Christian narrative and reread and reinterpreted him in light of their own time and their own interests, in turn generating new and different portraits of Satan. 333:

While the early Christian idea of the Devil was not well developed, it gradually adapted and expanded through the creation of folklore, art, theological treatises, and morality tales, thus providing the character with a range of extra-Biblical associations. Beginning in the early middle ages, the

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Christians, with Christian groups holding conferences and producing books and videotapes to promote belief in the conspiracy. Various figures in law enforcement also came to be promoters of the conspiracy theory, with such "cult cops" holding various conferences to promote it. The scare was later

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arose from claims that a Devil-worshipping cult was committing sexual abuse, murder, and cannibalism in its rituals, and including children among the victims of its rites. Initially, the alleged perpetrators of such crimes were labeled "witches", although the term "Satanist" was soon adopted as a

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But religious scholar Joseph Laycock writes that the "available evidence suggests" that Satanism began as "an imaginary religion Christians invented to demonize their opponents". Confessions of worship of Satan came only after torture or other forms of coercion in early modern Europe. While early

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Estimates of the Temple's total are between 300 and 500 as of 2005 (Petersen); and approximately 200 as of 2007 (Granholm). Members must remain active. New members have one year to join a pylon (a Local chapter) and must reach the second degree of adept by showing proficiency in magic within two

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would round up the cabal and bring them to justice in a climactic event known to supporters as "the storm". With the lack of any evidence of child abuse or harm, and failure of the prophesized "storm" to appear before the inauguration of a new president, the conspiracy has waned but not entirely

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A key claim by the "anti-Satanists" of the Satanic Scare was that any child's claim about Satanic ritual abuse must be true, because children do not lie. Although some involved in the anti-Satanism movement were from Jewish and secular backgrounds, a central part was played by fundamentalist and

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While most Jews do not believe in the existence of a supernatural omnimalevolent figure, it is "sometimes understood" in Judaism (according to the Britannica), that Satan is a figure whose role as adversary is not "antithetical" to God but acting as a sort of "divine prosecutor" for the Supreme

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known as "nexions", operating as a network of allied Satanic practitioners, which it terms the "kollective". The majority of these are located in Britain, Ireland, and Germany, although others are located elsewhere in Europe, and in Russia, Egypt, South Africa, Brazil, Australia, and the United

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and had never intended for his depiction of Satan to be a sympathetic one. However, in portraying Satan as a victim of his own pride who rebelled against the Judeo-Christian god, Milton humanized him and also allowed him to be interpreted as a rebel against tyranny. In this vein, the nineteenth

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and other Protestant sects are condemned as "swarmes of Satanistes ". As used in this manner, the term "Satanism" was not used to claim that people literally worshipped Satan, but instead that they deviated from true Christianity, and thus were serving the will of Satan. During the nineteenth

1500:" to his friends later in life. Crowley "in many ways embodies the pre-Satanist esoteric discourse on Satan and Satanism through his lifestyle and his philosophy", with his "image and thought" becoming an "important influence" on the later development of religious Satanism. Both Crowley and 1010:

and Rollo Ahmed published books claiming that Satanic groups practicing black magic were still active across the world, although they provided no evidence that this was the case. During the 1950s, various British tabloid newspapers repeated such claims, largely basing their accounts on the

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and active since 2012, it claims 700,000 members worldwide. Like the older Church of Satan, its congregants do not believe in a supernatural Satan, but if the CoS saw Satanism as a "negative mirror" of Christianity, reversing Christian principles of altruism (helping the downtrodden and

2338:, "the Peacock Angel", is the leader of the archangels and functions as the ruler of the world; but who Muslims believe is a fallen angel), is in juxtaposition with Satanism as they consider the two share similar elements, such as Yazidi devotees being defined by Muslims as "devotees to 1927:

LaVey died in 1997, but the church maintains a purist approach to his thought, insisting he and the church have "codified" Satanism as "a religion and philosophy", and dismisses other Satanist groups (atheistic or otherwise), as reverse-Christians, pseudo-Satanists or Devil worshipers.

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Preceded by some significant but isolated episodes in the 1970s, a great Satanism scare exploded in the 1980s in the United States and Canada and was subsequently exported towards England, Australia, and other countries. It was unprecedented in history. It surpassed even the results of

224:. Allegations of witchcraft may have different causes and serve different functions within a society. For instance, they may serve to uphold social norms, to heighten the tension in existing conflicts between individuals, or to scapegoat certain individuals for various social problems. 942:

in parts of Europe, and soon a number of Catholic authors began making claims that it had been masterminded by a conspiratorial group of Satanists. Among the first to do so was French Catholic priest Jean-Baptiste Fiard, who publicly claimed that a wide range of individuals, from the

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examples in which lone individuals engaged in child molestation had created a ritual performance to facilitate their sexual acts, with the intent of frightening their victims and justifying their actions, but that none of these child molesters were involved in wider Satanist groups.

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One piece of propaganda the group produced is called The Rape Anthology, a collection of ONA writings praising Hitler, Satan, and rape, while employing Islamic terminology and demonizing Jews and minorities. Some of the essays suggest that rape is necessary for the ascension of the

2303:. While Satan and demons are considered deities within JoS, the deities themselves are understood to be highly evolved, un-aging, sentient, and powerful humanoid extraterrestrial beings. Satan and many demons are equated with gods from ancient cultures, some of which include the 1206:

From the late 1600s through to the 1800s, the character of Satan was increasingly rendered unimportant in western philosophy, and ignored in Christian theology, while in folklore he came to be seen as a foolish rather than a menacing figure. The development of new values in the

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Compared to the general population, Satanists are more likely to be male, aged in their 20s or 30s, and not a member of any recognized minority group, although the Japanese are an exception (with the Japanese comprising 0.3% of both Satanists and the population as a whole).

959:; he claimed that Satanists had supernatural powers allowing them to curse people and to shapeshift into both cats and fleas. Although most of his contemporaries regarded Berbiguier as suffering from mental illness, his ideas gained credence among many occultists, including 3081:". These individuals regarded Satan as a literal entity, and in contrast to Anton LaVey, they associated Satanism with criminality, suicide, and terror. For them, Christianity was regarded as a plague which required eradication. Many of these individuals, most prominently 703:. This may have emerged after observing that pacts with gods and goddesses played a role in various pre-Christian belief systems, or that such pacts were also made as part of the Christian cult of saints. Another possibility is that it derives from a misunderstanding of 1094:

of his patient (and wife) Michelle Smith. Smith had claimed that as a child she had been abused by her family in Satanic rituals in which babies were sacrificed and Satan himself appeared. In 1983, allegations were made that the McMartin family—owners of a preschool in

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identified group of sometimes widely divergent authors among whom a similar theme is found". For the literary Satanists, Satan was depicted as a benevolent and sometimes heroic figure, with these more sympathetic portrayals proliferating in the art and poetry of many

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disturbed traditional social relations and folk ideas to undermine belief in witchcraft and the devil. Understanding of disorders of the mind undercut demonic possession. But while the hunting and killing of alleged witches waned, belief in Satan did not disappear.

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In a scandal starting with the poisoning of three people, prominent members of the French aristocracy, including members of the king's inner circle, were implicated and sentenced on charges of poisoning and witchcraft. Between 1677 and 1682, during the reign of King

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term for "adversary" or "to oppose", into the Christian figure of a fallen angel who tempts mortals into sin. The word "Satan" was not originally a proper name, but rather an ordinary noun that means "adversary". In this context, it appears at several points in the

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States. In recent decades up to 2023, O9A has caught the attention of “white supremacist groups and troubled young men” through its material online, and as of 2013 2,000 people “may be associated with the ONA in one form or another.” according to one estimate.

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of prison inmates after a lawsuit challenging the issue was filed to them. The court ruled that facilities that accept federal funds cannot deny prisoners accommodations that are necessary to engage in activities for the practice of their own religious beliefs.

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and mortal human race. In other words, a figure humans could sympathize with. As Lévi moved toward political conservatism in later life, he retained the use of the term, but instead applied it to what he believed was a morally neutral facet of "the absolute".

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In the late 1980s, the Satanic Scare had lost its impetus following increasing skepticism about such allegations, and a number of those who had been convicted of perpetrating Satanic ritual abuse saw their convictions overturned. In 1990, an agent of the U.S.

1554:, was founded in 1948. Describing his Satanic tradition as the Ophite Cultus Sathanas, the group first came to public attention in 1969. The group had a Gnostic doctrine about the world, in which the Judeo-Christian creator god is regarded as evil, and the 2998:

made mention of Satan in their lyrics, although some of the band's members were practicing Christians, and other lyrics affirmed the power of the Christian god over Satan. In the 1980s, greater use of Satanic imagery was made by heavy metal bands like

999:(Down There). Huysmans "helped to cement" the idea the black mass as Satanic rite and inversion of the Roman Catholic mass, with a naked woman for an altar. (Unlike Taxil, his conversion was apparently genuine and his book was published as fiction.) 1777:

with nude women serving as altars, was invited on national talk shows, and mingled with celebrities attending his satanic parties. As an entrepreneur, he saw an opening for a new religion in the spiritual void of a secularizing post-Christian West.

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In seventeenth-century Sweden, a number of highway robbers and other outlaws living in the forests informed judges that they venerated Satan because he provided more practical assistance than Jehovah, practices now regarded as "folkloric Satanism".

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Another Satanic conspiracy theory arose in the United States by 2017, with unsubstantiated allegations of organized Devil-worshippers in prominent positions committing sexual abuse, murder, and cannibalism. The source of such claims began within a

2013:. The Church of Satan, on the other hand, has declared the TST members as only "masquerading" as Satanists, being in violation of the "five decades of a clearly defined belief system called Satanism expounded by a worldwide organization", (i.e. 8141:

The satanist text demonstrated a "marked fixation with blood, the sexualisation of violence, a paedophilic projection of adult sexuality onto children, and with achieving National Socialist political goals through political violence and acts of

3046:, in which it was foregrounded over the other themes that had been used in death metal. A number of black metal performers incorporated self-injury into their act, framing this as a manifestation of Satanic devotion. The first black metal band, 1696:

Contemporary religious Satanism is predominantly an American phenomenon but has spread elsewhere via globalization and the Internet, allowing for intra-group communication and creation of a forum for Satanist disputes. Satanism started to reach

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In contrast to the organized and doctrinal Satanist groups is the personal Satanism of individuals, who identify as Satanists due to their affinity for the general idea of Satan, including such characteristics as viciousness and/or subversion.

2114:— the "Black Flame" or the "Gift of Set", which is a questioning intellect that sets humans apart from other animals. While Setians are expected to revere Set, they do not worship him. Central to Setian philosophy is the human individual, with 1682:, or the "respectable" form of Satanism that is "usually highly visible and structured", and emphasizes its law-abiding nature. (This may include both Rationalist Satanism and Esoteric Satanism.) An example of "Establishment Satanism" is the 310:, the idea developed within Jewish communities that Satan was the name of an angel who had rebelled against Jehovah and had been cast out of Heaven along with his followers; this account would be incorporated into contemporary texts like the 2594:

The surveys revealed that atheistic Satanists appeared to be in the majority, although the numbers of theistic Satanists appeared to grow over time. Beliefs in the afterlife varied, although the most common beliefs about the afterlife were

2207:, "the authorities are concerned by the number of paedophiles associated with the ONA". Additionally, there are various followers of the O9A paradigm who are (or were) also members of banned militant national-socialist groups, namely the 2438:

The researcher Gareth Medway noted that in 1995 he encountered a British woman who stated that she had been a practicing Satanist during her teenage years. She had grown up in a small mining village and had come to believe that she had

1773:, and Satanism, the church enjoyed a heyday for several years after its founding, when a "gigantic media circus" developed around "the Father of Satanism" and his Satanic aesthetics — LaVey shaved his head and wore a goatee, performing 1339:. Although the likes of Shelley and Byron promoted a positive image of Satan in their work, there is no evidence that any of them performed religious rites to venerate him, and thus they cannot be considered to be religious Satanists. 2350:, who transforms into a peacock. The story of Melek Taus itself is also considered by JoS to have many satanic elements, such as being described as the angel who rebelled against the Abrahamic god. The sacred text of the Yazidis, the 624:

were treated differently, with theologians arguing that they were deliberately worshipping the Devil. This was accompanied by claims that such individuals engaged in acts of evil – incestuous sexual orgies, the murder of infants, and

2522:

A survey in the Encyclopedia of Satanism found that people became involved with Satanism in many diverse ways and were found in many countries. The survey found that more Satanists were raised as Protestant Christians than Catholic.

103:

groups as an accusation against ideological opponents, a slur for assorted heretics, freethinkers, and pagans. By contrast, self-identified Satanism is a relatively modern phenomenon, largely attributed to the 1966 founding of the

8280: 2125:

Aquino died in July 2020 at the age of 73. High priests after Aquino were Don Webb starting in 1996, Zeena Schreck starting in 2002 (who lasted only six weeks when Aquino took over again), Patricia Hardy starting in 2004.

822:. At least some of the accusers were implicated others under torture and in hopes of saving their lives. These highly unreliable reports include what "may be the first report of a satanic mass using a woman as an altar". 344:. The terms "Satanism" and "Satanist" are first recorded as appearing in the English and French languages during the sixteenth century, when they were used by Christian groups to attack other, rival Christian groups. In a 178:

Since the 19th century, various small religious groups have emerged that identify as Satanist or use Satanic iconography. While the groups that appeared after the 1960s differed greatly, they can be broadly divided into

894:

undermined the doctrine of the Fall in the Garden of Eden and the role of the diabolical serpent, while also providing an "alternative account of human evil" in the form of "a residual effect of our animal nature”. The

783:, when between 30,000 and 50,000 alleged witches were executed. This came about as the accusations which had been leveled at medieval heretics, among them that of devil-worship, were applied to the pre-existing idea of 2109:

The Temple teaches that Set is a real entity, and the only real god in existence, with all other gods being created by the human imagination. Set is described as having given humanity —through the means of non-natural

1542:

circles. The Golden Arrow disbanded after Naglowska abandoned it in 1936. Hers was "a quite complicated Satanism, built on a complex philosophical vision of the world, of which little would survive its initiator".

1170:

ring made up of Democratic politicians, Hollywood actors, high-ranking government officials, business tycoons, and medical experts, were kidnapping, sexually abusing and eating children, but that (then-President)

163:(1517–1700 CE), as both Catholics and Protestants accused each other of intentionally being in league with Satan. Accusations of Satanism made during the 18th to 20th centuries include being the cause of the 1165:

political movement, made by an anonymous individual or individuals known as "Q", which were relayed and developed by online communities and influencers. The central QAnon claim purports that a global child

207:

Historical and anthropological research suggests that nearly all societies have developed the idea of a sinister and anti-human force that can hide itself within society. This commonly involves a belief in

2443:

powers. After hearing about Satanism in some library books, she declared herself a Satanist and formulated a belief that Satan was the true god. After her teenage years she abandoned Satanism and became a

1901:) doubted his atheist naturalism. LaVey insisted the church scoffed at the supernatural, but also told a interviewer he considered "curses and hexes" against enemies a form of human sacrifice "by proxy". 3093:. Between 1992 and 1996, such people destroyed around fifty Norwegian churches in arson attacks. Within the black metal scene, a number of musicians later replaced Satanic themes with those deriving from 2603:, although there were differing opinions as to whether magical acts operated according to etheric laws or whether the effect of magic was purely psychological. A number of Satanists described performing 1623:(they believe) encompass "popular Satanism, inverted Christianity, and symbolic rebellion" and situates itself in opposition to society while at the same time conforming to society's perspective of evil. 528:). Others may regards themselves as Satanists but promote mythological figures and traditions outside of Christianity or Judaism. These religions are sometimes called Satanic and sometimes post-Satanic. 1787:("the best-known and most influential statement of Satanic theology" sold nearly a million copies. These had "very little" connection with "either Satan or the worship of Satan, but were based on the 986:. In 1897, Taxil called a press conference promising to introduce a key character of his stories but instead announced that his revelations about the Freemasons were made up, and thanked the Catholic 2043:. This church has been called "a lot more exclusive" than the original and as of late 2023 was known for producing a "Black X-Mass concert" in San Francisco "every year for the last couple decades". 1966:

as metaphor to promote pragmatic skepticism, rational reciprocity, personal autonomy, and curiosity; and as a symbol to represent "the eternal rebel" against arbitrary authority and social norms.

1838:

LaVey used Christianity as a "negative mirror" for his new faith, rejecting the basic principles, theology and values of Christian belief, along with other major religions and philosophies such as

1570:"The intentional, religiously motivated veneration of Satan" (the "working definition" of Satanism of historian of religion Ruben van Luijk), comes in different forms. Satanism has been called a " 3050:, proclaimed themselves to be Satanists, although this was more an act of provocation than an expression of genuine devotion to the Devil. Satanic themes were also used by the black metal bands 7040: 12646: 1290:

figures. For these individuals, Satanism was not a religious belief or ritual activity, but rather a "strategic use of a symbol and a character as part of artistic and political expression".

10566:

Senholt, Jacob C. "Secret Identities in the Sinister Tradition: Political Esotericism and the Convergence of Radical Islam, Satanism, and National Socialism in the Order of Nine Angles". In

1477:, drawing on their ideas to establish his own philosophy. He provided a Luciferian interpretation of Freemasonry in a 1906 pamphlet, though his work had little influence outside of Denmark. 2551:. At present, religious Satanism exists primarily as a decentralized subculture Unlike traditional religions, and even unlike the early Satanist bodies such as the Church of Satan and the 551:

According to author Arthur Lyons, "Satanic religions are as old as monotheism and have their origins in Persia of the sixth century", and Joe Carter of the conservative ecumenical journal

399:“a system in which Satan is celebrated in a prominent position," (Satanism scholar Per Faxneld). (This definition has the advantage of avoiding "assumptions about the nature of religion"). 1112:

imported to the United Kingdom through visiting evangelicals and became popular among some of the country's social workers, resulting in a range of accusations and trials across Britain.

3264:

In the 19th century, Charles Baudelaire (and others with variations of the wording) was quoted saying "The greatest trick the Devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn’t exist."

2395:

Luciferians reportedly revere Lucifer not as the devil, but as a destroyer, guardian, liberator, light bringer, and/or guiding spirit to darkness, or even as the true god, as opposed to

2183:

The O9A describe their occultism as "Traditional Satanism". The O9A's writings not only encourage human sacrifice, but insist it is required in Satanism, referring to their victims as

1139:

70 percent of those polled "believe that at least some people who claim that they were abused by satanic cults as children, but repressed the memories for years, are telling the truth"

2555:, contemporary Satanism is, for the most part, a decentralized movement. In the past, this movement has been propagated through the medium of certain popular books, especially LaVey's 1103:, in which all of the accused would eventually be cleared. The publicity generated by the case resulted in similar allegations being made in various other parts of the United States. 771:(1517–1700 CE), both Catholics and Protestants accused each other of deliberately being in league with Satan. It was in this context that the terms "Satanist" and "Satanism" emerged. 7788: 1616:

Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen argue that the groups within the Satanic milieu can be divided into three groups: reactive Satanists, rationalist Satanists, and esoteric Satanists.

10793: 6960:

R. H. Alfred, “The Church of Satan.” in J. R. Lewis and J. A. Petersen (eds.), The Encyclopedic Sourcebook of Satanism (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2008), pp. 478–502 (p. 485).

1120:, Ken Lanning, revealed that he had investigated 300 allegations of Satanic ritual abuse and found no evidence for Satanism or ritualistic activity in any of them. In the UK, the 3070:. More often than not musicians associating themselves with black metal say they do not believe in legitimate Satanic ideology and often profess to being atheists, agnostics, or 531:

Diane E. Taub and Lawrence D. Nelson complain that Satanism "is frequently defined either too broadly or too narrowly", with accusers sometimes including non-satanic groups like

2094:

religious organization. It was founded in 1975 when Michael Aquino, the founder of a Church of Satan "Grotto" in Louisville, Kentucky, and editor of the Church's newsletter,

1846:– which he saw as negative forces. Instead of idealism, humility, abstinence, (self-denigration), obedience, (herd behavior), spirituality, and irrationality; he praised the 2513:

Nikolai Ogolobyak, who confessed to being a member of a Satanic cult, was sentenced to 20 years in 2010 for the ritual killing of four teenagers in Russia's Yaroslavl region.

1953:

They have been called "rationalist, political pranksters" (by Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen), with pranks designed to highlight religious hypocrisy and advance the cause of

3997:

Granholm, Kennet (November 2012). "10. The Left-Hand Path and Post-Satanism: The Temple of Set and the Evolution of Satanism". In Petersen, Jesper Aa.; Faxneld, Per (eds.).

2471:

claimed that he was a (theistic) Satanist; during his 1980s killing spree he left an inverted pentagram at the scene of each murder and at his trial called out "Hail Satan!"

2399:. The Greater Church of Lucifer of Houston lost its place of worship in 2017 after vandalism death threats to its landlord caused him to refuse to renew the church's lease. 2191:

wrote that the O9A fit the stereotype of the Satanist "better than other groups" by embracing "deeply shocking" and illegal acts. Several British politicians, including the

464:

to fail and to suffer eternal punishment. While the self-identified Satanists often do not believe that Satan actually exists as a being (they believe he is a symbol and a "

2452:

these incidents were "more a product of juvenile deviance and marginalization than Satanism". In a few cases, the crimes of these personal Satanists have included murder.

2357:

While maintaining some popularity as a theistic Satanist sect, the group has been widely criticized for its association with the National Socialist Movement and its racial

791:. The idea of a conspiracy of Satanic witches was developed by educated elites, although the concept of malevolent witchcraft was a widespread part of popular belief, and 2543:. It was not long, however, before Satanism had expanded well beyond the Church of Satan. The decentralization of the Satanist movement was considerably accelerated when 240:

and early Christianity, and although it was soon marginalized within Jewish thought, it gained increasing importance within early Christian understandings of the cosmos.

7381: 911:, which were first reported in the 1720s. The most famous of these groups was the Order of the Knights of Saint Francis, which was founded circa 1750 by the aristocrat 12639: 2152:

The Order of Nine Angles has been called "the ur-type that defines the sinister tradition" and is connected to multiple killings, rapes, and cases of child abuse and

1418:(1810–1875), who shocked convention by turning the traditional figure of evil into a brave rebel against tyranny. Lévi has been described as a "Romantic Satanist", a 3542: 1355:, who was a staunch critic of Christianity, embraced Satan as a symbol of liberty in several of his writings. Another prominent 19th century anarchist, the Russian 952: 8718: 8584: 1562:. Sloane's claim of a 1940s origin remain unproven: potentially fabricated to make his group appear older than the (1966) establishment of the Church of Satan. 3077:

In contrast to King Diamond, various black metal Satanists sought to distance themselves from LaVeyan Satanism, for instance by referring to their beliefs as "

982:(aka Marie Joseph Gabriel Antoine Jogand-Pagès), publicly converted to Catholicism and then published several works alleging to expose the Satanic doings of 557:

writes that "real satanism has been around since the beginning of history, selling an appealing message: Your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God".

12632: 2990:, employed the imagery of Satanism and witchcraft in their work. References to Satan also appeared in the work of those rock bands which were pioneering the 12608: 12334: 2941:

stated that "we do not recognise satanism as a formal religion, and will not grant facilities or make specific time available for individual 'worship'."

907:

During the eighteenth century, gentleman's social clubs became increasingly prominent in Britain and Ireland, among the most secretive of which were the

8675: 9061:"Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts" 1351:

of revolutions, a larger-than-life individual for an age of individualism, a free thinker in an age struggling for free thought". The French anarchist

9130: 11342: 5913: 2342:" and regarded as Satanists. It is also believed that the figure of Melek Taus, the peacock angel, may derive from much older pagan deities, such as 334:

concept developed in Christianity of the devil as "archrepresentative of evil", and of the Satanist "as malign mirror image of the good Christian".

8159:

ONA's Nazi-Satanist ideology, a supernatural worldview that encourages the disruption of society through violence, criminality and sexual offending.

12298: 1011:

allegations of one woman, Sarah Jackson, who claimed to have been a member of such a group. In 1973, the British Christian Doreen Irvine published

2423:

Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen used the term "reactive Satanism" to describe one form of modern Satanism. They described this as an adolescent and

1758:), (Asprem, Granholm), (Faxneld and Petersen), but the most influential, with "numerous imitator and breakaway groups" (Laycock), (R. Van Luijk). 11616: 9629:

Dyrendal, Asbjørn (2012). "Satan and the Beast: The Influence of Aleister Crowley on Modern Satanism". In Henrik Bogdan; Martin P. Starr (eds.).

2039:, felt this to be a disservice to her father's legacy. She re-founded The First Satanic Church on October 31, 1999, back in its city of origin, 420:

whether the group with these characteristics perceives Satan as personal or impersonal, real or symbolic, does not matter. (Italian sociologist

12587: 4552: 3859:

P. Faxneld, Satanic Feminism: Lucifer As the Liberator of Woman in Nineteenth-Century Culture (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017), p. 25.

2427:

means of rebelling in a Christian society, by which an individual transgresses cultural boundaries. which tends to fall into two tendencies:

1033:

Other publications made allegations of Satanism against historical figures. The 1970s saw the publication of the Romanian Protestant preacher

8739: 1800:("unfettered self-interest is good and altruism is destructive"), was a major influence. According to both LaVey and sociologist of religion 7517: 12655: 7282: 2934: 1266:

gained a wide readership in the eighteenth century, both in Britain and in continental Europe, where it had been translated into French by

8195: 5228: 2257: 1957:. One such prank was performing a "Pink Mass" over the grave of the mother of the evangelical Christian and prominent anti-LGBT preacher 1945:(TST), has been called the "most prominent" satanic organization "in terms of both size and public activity" (as of late 2023). Based in 10545:

Schipper, Bernd U. (2010). "From Milton to Modern Satanism: The History of the Devil and the Dynamics between Religion and Literature".

2583:

phenomena that led them to embracing Satanism. A number of Satanists reported anger toward some practicing Christians and said that the

1129:

ideas persisted among much of the public even as law enforcement had grown tired of false leads. A 1994 survey for the women's magazine

8689: 5178: 1917: 7111: 1746:

Satanism as "a self-declared religion" is said (by most scholars of Satanism), to have "truly" begun in 1966 with the founding of the

1303:, Shelley praised the "serpent", a reference to Satan, as a force for good in the universe. Another was Shelley's fellow British poet 12603: 12476: 9957: 2479:, became notorious for torturing and murdering Lauwers while attempting to force Lauwers to declare "I love Satan" during the murder. 2188: 1675:

Diane E. Taub and Lawrence D. Nelson (publishing in 1993, at the end of the "Satanic ritual abuse" panic) divide Satanism into two:

1379:. The idea of this "Leftist Satan" declined during the twentieth century, although it was used on occasion by authorities within the 9581:

Cavaglion, Gabriel; Sela-Shayovitz, Revital (December 2005). "The Cultural Construction of Contemporary Satanic Legends in Israel".

7360: 6465: 5362: 1819:, proclaimed "God is dead", and preached against the ‘slave’s morality’ of mercy, charity, and helping the weak); English occultist 1142:

32 percent agreed with the statement, "The FBI and the police ignore evidence because they don't want to admit the cults exist," and

1006:

produced a range of influential novels in which his protagonists battled Satanic groups. At the same time, non-fiction authors like

155:

across Europe and the North American colonies, peaking between 1560–1630 CE. The terms "Satanist" and "Satanism" emerged during the

12460: 7433: 7412: 3397:

Mahmoud, Muhammad (1995). "The Creation Story in 'Sūrat al-Baqara,' with Special Reference to al-Ṭabarī's Material: An Analysis".

1430:

believed that "Lucifer" was a force that aided humanity's awakening to its own spiritual nature; the Society began publishing the

1359:, similarly described the figure of Satan as "the eternal rebel, the first freethinker and the emancipator of worlds" in his book 8106:

Over the last 12 months four nazis convicted of terrorist offences have been linked to O9A, and there are two more cases pending.

4058: 2464:, killed a total of three people and consumed parts of their corpses in what they later claimed were sacrifices devoted to Satan. 780: 152: 11961: 6202:

R. van Luijk, Children of Lucifer: The Origins of Modern Religious Satanism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2016), p. 305.

5688: 1905:

to be a viable organization, these could not be allowed to frighten off potential congregants and attract unwanted attention.

12577: 12537: 11335: 10772: 10753: 10508: 10462: 10385: 10339: 10320: 10285: 10254: 10208: 10163: 10133: 10084: 10049: 10017: 9921: 9895: 9823: 9702: 9642: 9550: 9527: 9500: 9144: 8567: 8497: 6907: 6658: 6494: 4026: 3486: 3381: 3334: 1970:

highways and help the homeless, at least in part to demonstrate they were civic minded and not evil. It has made efforts at

1270:. Milton thus became "a central character in rewriting Satanism" and would be viewed by many later religious Satanists as a " 1121: 314:. This Satan was then featured in parts of the New Testament, where he was presented as a figure who tempts humans to commit 212:, a group of individuals who invert the norms of their society and seek to harm their community, for instance by engaging in 3850:

R. van Luijk, Children of Lucifer: The Origins of Modern Religious Satanism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2016), p. 5.

2599:

and the idea that consciousness survives bodily death. The surveys also demonstrated that most recorded Satanists practiced

12182: 11764: 11611: 2031:

After LaVey's death in 1997, the Church of Satan was taken over by a new administration and its headquarters were moved to

1258: 1426:

Lévi was not the only occultist who used the term "Lucifer" without adopting the term "Satan" in a similar way. The early

1015:, in which she claimed to have been a member of a Satanic group that gave her supernatural powers, such as the ability to 721:" (covenants) with demons. The idea of the diabolical pact made with demons was popularized across Europe in the story of 12001: 11413: 10924: 8094: 3998: 3785: 3554: 2161: 8399: 11951: 11926: 11670: 11596: 10671:

Our Non-Christian Nation: How Atheists, Satanists, Pagans, and Others Are Demanding Their Rightful Place in Public Life

10629: 10481: 9868: 9739: 9619: 8377: 7542: 3094: 2945: 393:

the worship or veneration of the figure from Christian belief known as Satan, the Devil or Lucifer (Ethan Doyle White);

71:

who tempt humans into sin. The phenomenon of Satanism shares "historical connections and family resemblances" with the

10596:

Taub, Diane E.; Nelson, Lawrence D. (August 1993). "Satanism in Contemporary America: Establishment or Underground?".

4990: 468:

figure", "an esoteric symbol of a vital force that permeates the universe"), let alone is trying to destroy humanity.

11682: 11467: 10798: 10706: 10682: 10656: 10535: 10362: 10184: 10106: 8749: 8337: 7601: 7584: 5698: 3090: 2591:. For some practitioners, Satanism gave a sense of hope, even for those who had been physically and sexually abused. 1754:. Religious scholars have called the Church not only the oldest, continuous satanic organization (Joseph Laycock), ( 10174: 412:

2) the organization of these "Satanists" into a group with at least some kind of organization and hierarchy, and ...

12492: 11631: 11581: 11328: 11038: 9962: 9931:

Granholm, Kennet. "Embracing Others than Satan: The Multiple Princes of Darkness in the Left-Hand Path Milieu". In

2565:

has come to play a significant role in reaching potential "converts", particularly among disaffected young people.

2370: 4082: 1099:—were guilty of sexually abusing the children in their care during Satanic rituals. The allegations resulted in a 12613: 12107: 11799: 11142: 10829: 3141: 1117: 931:

which Satan was invoked "to show a daring contempt for conventional morality" rather than to pay homage to him.

7491: 12764: 12550: 12394: 11759: 11702: 11516: 10575:

Sieg, George (2013). "Angular Momentum: From Traditional to Progressive Satanism in the Order of Nine Angles".

8514: 1277:

According to Ruben van Luijk, this cannot be seen as a "coherent movement with a single voice, but rather as a

12567: 6380: 6296: 1963: 456:

And by excluding the second group, you leave out most of the history of Satanism, (Joseph P. Laycock argues).

11636: 7086: 2200: 495:"has a history of being a designation made by people against those whom they dislike; it is a term used for ' 448:

of worshipping Satan and in the process committing horrible crimes (in the middle ages, during the 1980–1994

7382:"Satanists petition to build monument on Oklahoma state capitol grounds | Washington Times Communities" 7338: 11546: 11384: 574: 12142: 11283: 4130:

B. Ellis, Aliens, ‘’Ghosts, and Cults: Legends We Live’’ (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2003).

2256:. It was founded in the early 2000s by Maxine Dietrich (pseudonym of Andrea Maxine Dietrich), wife of the 1523:, claiming that the planet related to the Sun in the same manner that Lucifer relates to the human world. 11966: 11379: 10980: 8777: 7572:

The Re-Enchantment of the West: Alternative Spiritualities, Sacralization, Popular Culture, and Occulture

9083: 12237: 12222: 11941: 11051: 6925: 2216: 1981:

The Satanic Temple and Church of Satan have publicly disagreed on which organization is truly Satanic.

1698: 1245: 370: 3576: 3255:

An abstract of Lyon's book appeared on US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs web page.

1441: 717:, written in the late fourth century. Here, he stated that people who consulted augurs were entering " 436:

as Satanists or at least admirers of Satan (Romantic Satanists, hellfire clubs and modern Satanists).

12572: 11936: 11641: 11401: 11261: 10874: 10674: 10354: 9913: 9856: 9228: 8177: 2938: 2366: 2040: 1797: 471:

A definitions/descriptions that would include the "satanism" of heresy crusades and moral panics is:

28: 24: 8516:

Satanists and Scholars: A Historiographic Overview and Critique of Scholarship on Religious Satanism

7041:"The Church of Satan wants you to stop calling these 'devil worshiping' alleged murderers Satanists" 3213:

was cast down from heaven for his pride and disobedience, unlike Satan, (at least in some versions)

2319:

being seen as Satan, borrowing their theistic Satanist interpretations of Enki from the writings of

779:

The early modern period also saw fear of Satanists reach its "historical apogee" in the form of the

12694: 12582: 12481: 12314: 12187: 11956: 11877: 11862: 11566: 11536: 11509: 11489: 11418: 11207: 10934: 10729: 10194: 10072: 9905: 9060: 8768: 6067:, edited by James T. Richardson, Joel Best, and David G. Bromley. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter. 3788:

Chapter 1, The Christian Invention of Satanism, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2016), abstract

3152: 2571: 1801: 1755: 1100: 1022:

In the United States during the 1960s and 1970s, various Christian preachers—the most famous being

488: 117: 9836:(2005). "New Religious Movements: Scriptures of New Religious Movements". In Lindsay Jones (ed.). 8772: 2070:, although that is not a defining criterion, and theistic Satanists may focus solely on devotion. 2062:

or force to revere or worship. Other characteristics of theistic Satanism may include a belief in

12800: 12689: 12067: 11887: 11853: 11452: 11272: 10894: 10737: 10648: 10312: 10277: 10009: 9815: 9731: 9634: 6126: 3031:, also adopted Satanic imagery, combining it with other morbid and dark imagery, such as that of 2228: 1913: 1832: 1547: 1375: 1016: 8585:"LIFESTYLE // HOUSTON BELIEF. Exorcised: Luciferian church looks to start anew after harassment" 8130: 2431:"Satanic tourism"—characterized by the brief period of time in which an individual was involved; 2156:. According to the group's own claims, the Order of Nine Angles (O9A or ONA) was established in 1989:, posted a fairly detailed refutation of LaVey's doctrines, accusing the Church of fetishizing 991:

them, he continued to perpetrate the hoax. Around the same time, another convert to Catholicism

664:, this accusation would be applied to a wide range of Christian heretical groups, including the 633:. In Christian iconography, the Devil and demons were given the physical traits of figures from 396:

the “intentional, religiously motivated veneration of Satan” (Religion scholar Ruben van Luijk);

12724: 12720: 12624: 12562: 12510: 12505: 12374: 12364: 12329: 12097: 11498: 11447: 11443: 11351: 11155: 9883: 9098: 8439: 8173: 7015: 5105: 3550: 2963: 1571: 1454: 1352: 1145:

22 percent agreed that cult leaders use brainwashing to ensure that the victims would not tell.

740: 617: 12057: 10725: 10143:

Lap, Amina Olander. "Categorizing Modern Satanism: An Analysis of LaVey's Early Writings". In

9945: 9850: 9750: 9670: 6406:"A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives. Satan according to LaVey" 6321:"A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives. Satan according to LaVey" 5229:"From Sound of Freedom to Ron DeSantis: how QAnon's crazy conspiracy theories went mainstream" 4556: 3242:, despite being a splinter group of the Church of Satan, venerates the deity Set, considering 12669: 12520: 12232: 12152: 11981: 11789: 11712: 11551: 11541: 11250: 11149: 11043: 10884: 10500: 9887: 9767: 8786: 7965: 7570: 7566: 7469: 6306: 3349: 2424: 2281: 1634: 1555: 939: 896: 875: 819: 808: 756: 713: 621: 596: 64: 10745: 10622:

Witch, Wicce, Mother Goose: The Rise and Fall of the Witch Hunts in Europe and North America

10474:

The Storm Is Upon Us: How QAnon Became a Movement, Cult, and Conspiracy Theory of Everything

9784: 8697: 6526: 6405: 6320: 6213: 6063:

Richardson, James T., "Satanism in the Courts: From Murder to Heavy Metal." pp. 205–217 in

1908:

One "outrageous" issue that LaVey was criticized for was his "ambivalent relationship" with

1037:'s book in which he argued—without corroborating evidence—that the socio-political theorist 609:, and Europe, it came into contact with a variety of other religions, which it regarded as " 12749: 12729: 12409: 12404: 12389: 12217: 12032: 11919: 11697: 11504: 11232: 11202: 10929: 10889: 10879: 10869: 7845: 5063: 3157: 2930: 2620: 2600: 2153: 2135: 2026: 1946: 1474: 1427: 1294: 1208: 1050: 912: 871: 653: 592: 11438: 7825: 5375: 1808:

was a cornerstone of his philosophy (along with "ceremony and ritual" or "ritual magic").

452:, etc.) but who either appear to have not been satanists or to not have actually existed. 8: 12526: 12486: 12429: 12399: 12369: 12027: 11892: 11779: 11675: 11296: 11196: 10822: 10377: 9833: 9207: 8559: 6714: 4995: 3201:(with consonantal roots similar to Satan) is the collective term for devils, while it is 2950: 2277: 2261: 2242: 2208: 2006: 1921: 1812: 1656: 1574:", and other times judged to defuse to merit that description and been called instead a " 1508: 1462: 1343: 1317:. These more positive portrayals also developed in France; one example was the 1823 work 992: 960: 835: 830: 784: 768: 752: 700: 634: 629:– all stock accusations that had previously been leveled at Christians themselves in the 588: 581: 476: 160: 148: 11754: 7706: 7441: 6830: 5067: 2623:

states that 5,890 Canadians identify as Satanist, representing 0.02% of the population.

2203:, have pushed for the group to be banned as a terror organization, and according to the 1742:

The Sigil of Baphomet, the official insignia of the Church of Satan and LaVeyan Satanism

840: 348:

tract of 1565, the author condemns the "heresies, blasphemies, and sathanismes " of the

12545: 12319: 12257: 12252: 12017: 11971: 11946: 11931: 11872: 11843: 11650: 11621: 11601: 11302: 11278: 11175: 11117: 10859: 10617: 10609: 10527: 10454: 10027: 9656: . "Hidden Persuaders and Invisible Wars: Anton LaVey and Conspiracy Culture". In 9598: 7361:"Group aims to put 'Satanist' monument near Oklahoma capitol | Al Jazeera America" 6546: 6425: 6340: 6233: 5209: 5154: 5141: 5100: 3422: 3012: 2987: 2249: 2063: 1942: 1937: 1909: 1875: 1579: 1530: 1526: 1431: 1162: 1091: 1082: 964: 858:

Stanislas de Guaita drew the original goat pentagram, which first appeared in the book

788: 726: 704: 421: 12272: 9366: 9162: 3925:: 5 The Temple of Set and Esoteric Satanism.Amoral Groups and the Order of Nine Angles 1484:

Aleister Crowley was not a Satanist, but used rhetoric and imagery considered satanic.

1189: 660:

in 1022, when two clerics were tried for allegedly venerating a demon. Throughout the

12795: 12715: 12515: 12349: 12339: 12324: 12282: 11976: 11848: 11774: 11722: 11655: 11606: 11531: 11391: 11308: 11289: 11266: 11256: 11212: 11135: 11081: 10864: 10749: 10702: 10678: 10652: 10625: 10558: 10531: 10504: 10477: 10458: 10381: 10358: 10335: 10316: 10281: 10250: 10204: 10180: 10179:. Elements in New Religious Movements (online ed.). Cambridge University Press. 10159: 10129: 10102: 10080: 10055: 10045: 10013: 10002: 9946:

The Left-Hand Path and Post-Satanism: The Temple of Set and the Evolution of Satanism

9917: 9891: 9864: 9819: 9735: 9708: 9698: 9638: 9615: 9602: 9546: 9542: 9523: 9496: 8798: 8745: 8563: 8551: 8493: 8373: 7580: 7462: 7290: 7137:

Speak of the Devil: How the Satanic Temple Is Changing the Way We Talk about Religion

6707: 6550: 6429: 6344: 6237: 5694: 5213: 5201: 5187: 5158: 5146: 5128: 5081: 5000: 3482: 3414: 3377: 3132: 3071: 2991: 2974: 2499: 2304: 2192: 2051: 2010: 1847: 1843: 1440:

The first person to promote an explicitly "Satanic" philosophy was the Polish writer

1415: 1400: 1391: 1361: 1347: 1287: 1034: 956: 935: 626: 484: 327: 221: 180: 164: 80: 7168: 5863: 2149:(or post-Satanic) groups are sometimes called the "sinister tradition" of Satanism. 1613:

A minority of Satanists have some kind of association with the political far-right.

12242: 12087: 12077: 11826: 11734: 11707: 11665: 11586: 11526: 11521: 11462: 11227: 11110: 10741: 10605: 10584: 10554: 10224:"Diabolical Authority: Anton LaVey, The Satanic Bible and the Satanist "Tradition"" 10094: 10041: 9975: 9690: 9686: 9590: 9560: 8790: 8723: 6790: 6538: 6417: 6332: 6225: 5277: 5191: 5136: 5118: 5071: 5054: 4107:"The Greatest Trick the Devil Ever Pulled Was Convincing the World He Didn't Exist" 3406: 3369: 3365: 2955: 2320: 2285: 2115: 2014: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1975: 1890: 1828: 1820: 1729: 1493: 1489: 1449: 1412: 1007: 927: 732: 362: 12162: 10223: 10097:(1999). "Satanism and Satanic Mythology". In Bengt Ankarloo; Stuart Clark (eds.). 7989: 7413:"Unmasking Lucien Greaves, Leader of the Satanic Temple | VICE United States" 5914:"The Nazi Satanists promoting extreme violence and terrorism | openDemocracy" 5363:"Seventeenth-century Critics and Biographers of Milton – M. Manuel – Google Books" 4106: 2587:

gods of Christianity and other religions are unethical, citing issues such as the

2129: 12759: 12754: 12267: 12172: 12102: 12092: 12052: 11831: 11687: 11660: 11190: 11104: 11095: 11088: 10909: 10788: 10776: 10769: 10696: 10692: 10444: 10404:

Petersen, Jesper Aagaard. "Modern Satanism: Dark Doctrines and Black Flames". In

10244: 10198: 10153: 10031: 9860: 9805: 9725: 5114: 3476: 3224: 3118: 3098: 3067: 3028: 2588: 2540: 2468: 2412: 2273: 1839: 1747: 1733: 1683: 1660: 1609:

an embrace of values such as pride, self-reliance, and productive non-conformity.

1558:

is presented as a force for good, who had delivered salvation to humanity in the

1497: 1356: 1331: 1322: 1299: 1167: 1087: 1003: 920: 699:

Within Christian thought, the idea developed that certain individuals could make

685: 338: 319: 292: 271: 140: 136: 105: 8463: 7811: 7809: 2407: 2233: 1871: 1293:

Among the romanticist poets to adopt this concept of Satan was the English poet

1200: 63:– particularly his worship or veneration. Satan is commonly associated with the 12745: 12557: 12277: 12262: 12227: 12212: 12167: 12122: 12112: 12022: 11899: 11749: 11626: 11571: 11494: 11457: 11122: 10815: 10125: 10076: 9768:

Secret Lineages and De Facto Satanists: Anton LaVey's Use of Esoteric Tradition

8719:"Russian Satanist Jailed for Ritual Murders Released After Fighting in Ukraine" 5076: 5049: 4968:

Sleeping with Extra-Terrestrials: The Rise of Irrationalism and Perils of Piety

3051: 3020: 2611:; conversely, over two-thirds expressed opposition or strong opposition to it. 2491: 2091: 2058:

worship) is a form of Satanism with the primary belief that Satan is an actual

1998: 1982: 1898: 1824: 1823:(famous for the axiom "Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law"); and 1702: 1559: 1253: 1108: 887: 848: 345: 280: 259: 253: 233: 72: 10059: 9979: 9694: 9594: 7238: 6266:: section 4. The Church of Satan. From the Magic Circle to the Church of Satan 5196: 5173: 4759: 4731: 3373: 2330:(a pre-Islamic religion of about one million members found mainly in northern 1974:, with a focus on the separation of church and state and using satire against 1805: 12789: 12424: 12354: 12177: 12042: 12037: 11996: 11836: 11692: 11556: 11243: 11128: 10899: 10783: 10036:. Aries Book Series: Texts and Studies in Western Esotericism. Vol. 21. 9712: 8802: 8794: 8101: 7806: 7294: 6718: 6542: 6421: 6336: 6229: 5205: 5132: 5123: 5004: 3418: 3239: 3162: 3082: 3078: 3059: 3036: 2995: 2596: 2557: 2552: 2495: 2390: 2196: 2079: 2032: 1783: 1762: 1645:. According to Joseph Laycock, "most contemporary Satanists" are nontheistic. 1583: 1512: 1314: 1228: 1216: 1195: 995:, also helped promote the concept of active Satanist groups in his 1891 work 908: 525: 449: 311: 307: 276: 172: 124: 56: 9115: 8490:

Between Darwin and the Devil: Modern Satanism as Discourse, Milieu, and Self

8421: 8419: 3410: 3305: 409:

1) the worship of the character in the Bible whose name is Satan or Lucifer,

12499: 12434: 12379: 12247: 12147: 12132: 12062: 11811: 11727: 11428: 11408: 11222: 10588: 9103: 8247: 7576: 7112:"SatanCon, poking at religion and government, opens this weekend in Boston" 5150: 5085: 3786:

R. van Luijk, Children of Lucifer: The Origins of Modern Religious Satanism

3063: 3047: 3024: 3008: 2983: 2584: 2580: 2253: 2169: 1551: 1380: 1370: 1172: 983: 916: 900: 879: 630: 606: 553: 323: 229: 168: 100: 11320: 10200:

Satanism Today: An Encyclopedia of Religion, Folklore, and Popular Culture

8977: 8112: 7610: 5814: 5812: 4700: 4430: 3058:. However, the first black metal act to more seriously adopt Satanism was 979: 923:. A number of contemporary press sources portrayed these as gatherings of 12769: 12684: 12202: 12137: 12082: 11882: 11816: 11804: 11794: 11717: 11180: 11059: 10854: 10523: 9674: 9181: 8965: 8929: 8905: 8893: 8881: 8416: 7690: 5713: 4654: 3043: 3016: 2982:

During the 1960s and 1970s, several rock bands— namely the American band

2544: 2476: 2461: 2445: 2362: 2358: 2296: 2176: 2165: 2036: 2002: 1958: 1788: 1751: 1638: 1539: 1501: 1470: 1445: 1419: 1326: 1309: 1283: 1241: 1223: 1056: 1023: 764: 677: 661: 602: 540: 357: 349: 288: 192: 156: 132: 128: 109: 96: 52: 10122:

Witches and Demons: A Comparative Perspective on Witchcraft and Satanism

8871: 8869: 8820: 8818: 7221: 7219: 7206: 7204: 6631:, –BOOK OF LUCIFER–, chapter III, "Some Evidence of a New Satanic Age" 5351:: chapter 1. What Is Satanism? Anton LaVey and the Invention of Satanism 5293: 4979:

Ross, A. 1994. "Blame it on the Devil". Redbook June: 86–89. 110, 114, 1

4775: 4747: 3886:: section 1. What Is Satanism? Anton LaVey and the Invention of Satanism 569: 12207: 12157: 12127: 12117: 12072: 11576: 11561: 11237: 11217: 11185: 11024: 10666: 9099:

The devil and the deep blue sea: Navy gives blessing to sailor Satanist

8196:"'Random' Murder of Muslim Man Linked to 'Neo-Nazi Death Cult': Report" 8148: 6774: 5809: 5773: 5746: 5744: 5658: 5656: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5612: 5602: 5600: 5598: 5435: 5433: 5310: 5308: 5267: 5265: 5263: 5250: 5248: 4914: 4811: 3426: 3147: 3086: 3055: 3042:

Satanism would come to be more closely associated with the subgenre of

2926: 2536: 2456:

In 1970, two separate groups of teenagers— one led by Stanley Baker in

2316: 2289: 2269: 2157: 2085: 1985:

has described the Temple as being a progressive and updated version of

1954: 1816: 1774: 1770: 1600: 1304: 1096: 975: 883: 760: 689: 665: 536: 465: 175:

in the United States and the United Kingdom during the 1980s and '90s.

139:

alleged that various heretical Christian sects and groups, such as the

20: 11769: 7762: 6605: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5927: 5925: 5923: 5884: 5882: 3767: 3669: 3667: 3654: 3652: 3639: 3637: 3610: 3543:"The Religious Movements Homepage Project – Satanism: An Introduction" 1885:

A "true Satanic society" was described in Lavey's church's periodical

12710: 12679: 12674: 11986: 11914: 11784: 11645: 11591: 11482: 11423: 11396: 11374: 11369: 11365: 10970: 10496: 10069:

Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right

9971: 9910:

Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity

9037: 9025: 9013: 9001: 8989: 8953: 8941: 8866: 8854: 8842: 8830: 8815: 8693: 8655: 8613: 7216: 7201: 6831:"Pentagonal Revisionism: A Five-Point Program by Anton Szandor LaVey" 6710: 5894: 3968: 3966: 3502: 3500: 3498: 2507: 2483: 2385:

The Sigil of Lucifer, a symbol of Lucifer, used by modern Luciferians

2351: 2343: 2212: 2111: 1710: 1642: 1630: 1466: 1336: 1249: 1038: 951:, were part of a Satanic conspiracy. Fiard's ideas were furthered by 891: 815: 796: 792: 638: 503: 248: 196: 113: 41: 11433: 9482:

Alisauskiene, Milda. "The Peculiarities of Lithuanian Satanism". In

8131:"High Wycombe neo-Nazi Jacek Tchorzewski jailed for terror offences" 7674: 6527:"A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives" 6214:"A Girardian Approach to LaVeyan Satanism: Theological Perspectives" 5851: 5785: 5741: 5653: 5641: 5624: 5595: 5430: 5305: 5260: 5245: 4309: 2219:, the first of which even openly aims to perpetrate terror attacks. 1533:, established the esoteric group Brotherhood of the Golden Arrow in 1329:, who made the character's fall from Heaven a central aspect of his 755:, European Christendom experienced a schism between the established 479:, i.e. Satan, (another description of Satanism by Ruben van Luijk). 389:

Some definitions of Satanism offered/suggested by scholars include:

12197: 11904: 11744: 11472: 10965: 10101:. Vol. 6: The Twentieth Century. London: Athlone. pp. 81–140. 9118: 8153: 8135: 8117: 8033: 5937: 5920: 5879: 3715: 3703: 3679: 3664: 3649: 3634: 3622: 3112: 2978:

Heavy metal singer King Diamond is a member of the Church of Satan.

2562: 2381: 2346:, the Hindu goddess of wisdom who rides a peacock, or even the god 2327: 2312: 2204: 1971: 1793: 1765:, California, in an era when there was much public interest in the 1668: 1664: 1652: 1480: 1396: 1366: 1267: 944: 863: 854: 818:, 36 people were executed in Satanic panic known to history as the 693: 681: 669: 657: 652:

The first recorded example of such an accusation being made within

532: 496: 475:

an invention of Christianity, relying on a character deriving from

366: 353: 153:

the trials and executions of tens of thousands of alleged witches

151:, belief in a widespread Satanic conspiracy of witches resulted in 9840:. Vol. 12 (2 ed.). Detroit, IL: Macmillan Reference USA. 9567:. Vol. 12 (2 ed.). Detroit, IL: Macmillan Reference USA. 8218: 8215:: 5 The Temple of Set and Esoteric Satanism. Other Esoteric Groups 7314: 7185: 6976:: section 4. The Church of Satan. The Rise and Fall of Anton LaVey 5690:

The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions – Google Books

3963: 3495: 2284:, and extraterrestrial hypotheses similar to those popularized by 878:

changed humanity's understanding of the world. The mathematics of

12384: 11909: 11867: 11019: 11003: 10998: 10955: 10950: 10450: 8308: 8306: 8304: 8302: 8300: 8113:"Order of Nine Angles: What is this obscure Nazi Satanist group?" 7874: 5029: 3004: 2631:

Comparison of Satanists in Canada against the general population

2487: 2457: 2440: 2396: 2339: 2300: 2264:. Joy of Satan presents a unique synthesis of theistic Satanism, 1233: 1232:(1667), in which Satan features as the protagonist. Milton was a 1131: 924: 886:"left little space for the intervention of supernatural beings.” 673: 237: 209: 144: 92: 12654: 12192: 10520:

Witchcraft and Magic in Sixteenth and Seventeenth-Century Europe

9751:

Post-Satanism, Left-Hand Paths, and Beyond: Visiting the Margins

8017: 4392:: Chapter 2, Imagining the Black Mass. The Affair of the Poisons 12455: 12450: 12414: 12359: 11739: 11477: 11014: 10975: 10960: 10802: 10644: 10308: 10273: 10037: 9811: 9682: 8255: 8005: 7268:: 7. Contemporary Developments in Satanism. The Satanic Temple. 6646: 6482: 6466:"Column: This is what happens when you take Ayn Rand seriously" 6005: 3361: 3357: 3032: 3000: 2608: 2533: 2503: 2265: 2245: 2088: 2067: 1851: 1766: 1706: 1575: 1520: 1519:("Satanic Magic") that same year. The group connected Satan to 1504:"cultivated a sinister public image and sported shaved heads". 1212: 987: 708: 300: 217: 213: 127:" have echoed throughout much of Christian history. During the 88: 84: 76: 12047: 9459: 9435: 9335: 9296: 9272: 9245: 8917: 8297: 7738: 7626:

Boulware, “A Devil of a Time”; Lyons, Satan Wants You, p. 126.

7518:"Satanists Go to Court Seeking Right to Pray at City Meetings" 7283:"A Mischievous Thorn in the Side of Conservative Christianity" 6892:

G. Baddeley, ‘’Lucifer Rising’’ (London: Plexus, 1999), p. 67

6593: 6184: 6078:

Satanism in America: How the Devil Got Much More Than His Due

3937: 3935: 3933: 3931: 11991: 11075: 10993: 10985: 10838: 10641:

Children of Lucifer: The Origins of Modern Religious Satanism

10004:

The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft

9574:

Satanism in America: How the Devil Got Much More Than His Due

9389: 9387: 9313: 9311: 9262: 9260: 9186: 8645: 8643: 8630: 8628: 8281:"Bracketing Beelzebub: Satanism studies and/as boundary work" 8149:"UK Nazi Satanist group should be outlawed, campaigners urge" 7647:: 5 The Temple of Set and Esoteric Satanism.The Temple of Set 6583: 6581: 6397: 6357: 6172: 5983: 5981: 5829: 5827: 5585: 5583: 5517: 5505: 5481: 5340: 5338: 4902: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3209: 3203: 2604: 2570:— Religion scholar and researcher of new religious movements 2548: 2529: 2347: 2059: 2055: 1859: 1855: 1629:

is used to describe the trend in the Satanic milieu which is

1534: 1155: 1067: 948: 722: 646: 610: 284: 188: 68: 60: 36: 11150:

The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus

9423: 9059:

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022).

6876: 6874: 6822: 6034: 6032: 5568: 5556: 5534: 5532: 5408: 5406: 5041: 4721: 4719: 4690: 4688: 4675: 4673: 4040: 4038: 4036: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3865: 3207:

who is the leader of the devils. Like Satan in Christianity

2434:"Satanic quest"—typified by a longer and deeper involvement. 1738: 295:, the term appears as a verb, when Jehovah sent an angel to 12419: 12344: 8556:

Vampires in Their Own Words: An Anthology of Vampire Voices

6740: 6738: 6568: 6566: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6276: 6274: 6272: 5493: 5469: 5457: 5445: 5325: 5323: 5174:"The Apocalypse and Political Discourse in an Age of COVID" 5050:"The next-generation bots interfering with the US election" 4533: 4521: 4509: 4497: 4473: 3928: 3834: 3832: 3219: 2331: 2308: 2054:(also known as traditional Satanism, spiritual Satanism or 1867: 1863: 1529:, a Russian occultist who had fled to France following the 1383:, who portrayed Satan as a symbol of freedom and equality. 739:, an illustration of witches kissing the Devil's anus from 642: 9447: 9411: 9399: 9384: 9347: 9323: 9308: 9284: 9257: 9145:"Inmates Who Follow Satanism and Wicca Find Unlikely Ally" 8640: 8625: 8601: 7907: 7905: 6942: 6847: 6578: 6518: 6381:"Friedrich Nietzsche and Ayn Rand's Influence on Satanism" 6083: 6017: 5993: 5978: 5966: 5954: 5839: 5824: 5797: 5668: 5580: 5335: 4930: 4863: 4851: 4839: 4827: 4463: 4461: 4446: 4381: 4379: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4232: 4220: 4172: 4160: 4150: 4148: 4014: 3901: 3568: 3521: 3519: 1222:

The shifting concept of Satan owes many of its origins to

12456:

INFORM (Information Network Focus on Religious Movements)

10430: . "From Book to Bit: Enacting Satanism Online". In 9991: . "Satanism: Performing Alterity and Othering". In 9880:

Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival and White Separatism

9163:"Before high court: law that allows for religious rights" 9086: 8773:"Who Serves Satan? A Demographic and Ideological Profile" 7946: 7944: 7142: 6871: 6859: 6810: 6255: 6253: 6107: 6029: 5544: 5529: 5403: 5017: 4880: 4878: 4799: 4716: 4685: 4670: 4630: 4618: 4606: 4594: 4582: 4579:, Volume XXIV: April – September, 1906, pages 228 and 229 4417: 4415: 4413: 4364: 4033: 3862: 3819: 3817: 3815: 3813: 3811: 3191: 2994:

genre in Britain during the 1970s. For example, the band

2925:

In 2004, it was claimed that Satanism was allowed in the

1590:

the positive use of the term "Satanist" as a designation,

1586:. Some of the resemblances in this Satanic milieu are: 1342:

Radical left-wing political ideas had been spread by the

781:

witch trials of the fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries

580:(1668) showing many traditional features of the medieval 315: 10807: 10734:

The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Volume 2

9852:

Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America

9612:

Magic and Witchcraft: From Shamanism to the Technopagans

7750: 6735: 6563: 6312: 6269: 5763: 5761: 5759: 5418: 5391: 5320: 4485: 4074: 3978: 3948:: section 3 Satanic Sympathizers. Satan and Esotericism 3829: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3536: 3534: 3354:

Satan's Tragedy and Redemption: Iblīs in Sufi Psychology

3322: 1403:, has become one of the most common symbols of Satanism. 953:

Alexis-Vincent-Charles Berbiguier de Terre-Neuve du Thym

862:

in 1897. This symbol would later become synonymous with

564: 10351:

Lure of the Sinister: The Unnatural History of Satanism

9580: 8061: 8049: 7917: 7902: 7890: 7726: 7650: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7255: 6750: 6723: 6374: 6372: 6205: 6095: 4570: 4458: 4376: 4325: 4292: 4280: 4268: 4196: 4184: 4145: 4133: 3951: 3889: 3691: 3516: 2933:, despite opposition from Christians. In 2016, under a 2475:

and alleged member of the Knights of the Black Circle,

1596:

a genealogy that connects them to other Satanic groups,

1395:

The Sabbatic Goat, also known as the Goat of Mendes or

415:

3) and has some kind of ritual or liturgical practices

10726:"Modern Religious Satanism: A Negotiation of Tensions" 9855:. Eugene V. Gallagher, W. Michael Ashcraft (editors). 8690:"IL 18.3.1999: Saatananpalvojat söivät osan uhristaan" 8202: 8073: 7941: 7929: 6895: 6457: 6250: 5729: 4890: 4875: 4410: 4395: 4349: 3808: 3798: 3796: 3794: 2140: 337:

The word "Satanism" was adopted into English from the

147:, performed secret Satanic rituals. In the subsequent 10446:

Contemporary Religious Satanism: A Critical Anthology

9724: Lewis, James R.; Petersen, Jesper Aa. (2016). 9719: 9539:

Lucifer Rising: Sin, Devil Worship & Rock n' Roll

9043: 9031: 9019: 9007: 8995: 8983: 8971: 8959: 8947: 8935: 8911: 8899: 8887: 8875: 8860: 8848: 8836: 8824: 8661: 8619: 8425: 7225: 7210: 6963: 6919: 6917: 6665: 5948: 5931: 5900: 5888: 5869: 5857: 5818: 5791: 5779: 5756: 5750: 5662: 5647: 5635: 5618: 5606: 5439: 5381: 5314: 5299: 5283: 5271: 5254: 5220: 5101:"Gender, Populism, and the QAnon Conspiracy Movement" 4787: 4781: 4753: 4642: 4208: 4060:

Satan Wants You: The Cult of Devil Worship in America

3972: 3773: 3709: 3685: 3673: 3658: 3643: 3628: 3616: 3593: 3531: 2130:

The "sinister tradition" and the Order of Nine Angles

1565: 1313:, which was a dramatization of the Biblical story of 10577:

International Journal for the Study of New Religions

10417: (2009a). "Introduction: Embracing Satan". In 9058: 7629: 6369: 4337: 4256: 4244: 3755: 3743: 3731: 3456: 3108: 825: 502:

Eugene Gallagher noted that Satanism was usually "a

16:

Ideological and philosophical beliefs based on Satan

10724:Holt, Cimminnee; Petersen, Jesper Aagaard (2016) . 9849: (2006). "Satanism and the Church of Satan". 8531: 8529: 7789:"A Nazi-satanist cult is fuelling far-right groups" 7662: 7543:"How the Church of Satan Was Born in San Francisco" 7339:"What does Satan mean to the Satanic Temple? – CNN" 7064: 7062: 7060: 6992: 6506: 6160: 6146: 6144: 6142: 6140: 6057: 3791: 1411:The figure of "Lucifer" was taken up by the French 866:, and is commonly referred to as the Sabbatic Goat. 402:

the simultaneous presence of three characteristics:

232:, a figure that appears in the Persian religion of 19:"Satanist" redirects here. Not to be confused with 10001: 8522:(Thesis). p. 87 – via Spectrum Library. 6914: 6689: 6677: 6657:sfn error: no target: CITEREFFaxneldPetersen2014 ( 6634: 6451:The Virtue of Selfishness: A New Concept of Egoism 4577:National Magazine, an Illustrated American Monthly 3306:"History & Society. Satanism, occult practice" 3299: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 2962:In 2019, The Satanic Temple was granted religious 1978:that it believes interfere with personal freedom. 1723: 428:But these definitions of Satanism are limited to 9229:"The Satanic Temple is a real religion, says IRS" 8550: 8248:"Satan the Prophet: A History of Modern Satanism" 7426: 6293:: section 4 The Church of Satan. LaVey’s Satanism 4025:sfn error: no target: CITEREFCarlsonLarue198911 ( 3442: 3440: 3438: 3436: 1297:, who had been influenced by Milton. In his poem 12787: 10067:Kaplan, Jeffrey (2000). "Order of Nine Angles". 9778: 9142: 8526: 7744: 7057: 6137: 2237:One of the principal symbols of the Joy of Satan 1781:But LaVey also promoted his ideas, and his 1969 1578:", (Dyrendal, Lewis, and Petersen), united by " 1179: 1075:Sociologist of religion Massimo Introvigne, 2016 1019:, before she escaped and embraced Christianity. 1002:In the early 20th century, the British novelist 955:(1765–1851), who devoted a lengthy book to this 67:, a fallen angel often regarded as chief of the 10567: 10249:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. 10144: 9949: 9904: 9795: 9788: 9754: 9657: 8763: 8761: 8576: 8011: 7995: 7851: 7831: 7815: 7783: 7781: 7559: 7464:Satanic Temple Founder Talks Atheistic Religion 7276: 7274: 6652: 6599: 6190: 4962: 4960: 4958: 3541:Abrams, Joe (Spring 2006). Wyman, Kelly (ed.). 3286: 1307:, who included Satanic themes in his 1821 play 978:in 1890s France, where an anti-clerical writer 491:, and Jesper Aa. Petersen stated that the term 287:is presented as the satan ("adversary") of the 12588:Religious discrimination against modern pagans 10431: 10329: 10268: Petersen, Jesper Aagaard, eds. (2005). 9771: 9509: 9490: 8224: 7962:Monette, Mysticism in the 21st Century, p. 89. 7609:. San Francisco: Temple of Set. Archived from 7358: 7009: 7007: 6178: 6052:In Pursuit of Satan: The Police and the Occult 4020: 3433: 2354:, is claimed by the JoS as the word of Satan. 2175:O9A consists largely of secretive, autonomous 1511:(FS) was established in Germany; its founder, 1240:This was how Milton's Satan was understood by 1090:in which he detailed what he claimed were the 116:group that does not believe in a supernatural 99:. For centuries, the term was used by various 12640: 11336: 10823: 10405: 10294: 10263: 7492:"Third Side Intelligence: Missouri Abortions" 6979: 6044: 4991:"The Storm Is the New Pizzagate – Only Worse" 4099: 3990: 2001:within LaVeyan Satanism are incongruent with 1080:One of the primary sources for the scare was 373:had described devil-worshipping sorcerers as 12656:New religious movements in the United States 10723: 10517: 9571: 9563:(2005). "Satanism". In Lindsay Jones (ed.). 9481: 8758: 7778: 7271: 6113: 6038: 4955: 4370: 1962:The Temple has been described as using the 1325:. Satan was also adopted by the French poet 938:of 1789 dealt a blow to the hegemony of the 243: 11350: 10115: 10093: 9783: ; Petersen, Jesper Aagaard (2013a). " 9182:"Court upholds prisoners' religious rights" 9133:. Navy Command FOI Section, 7 January 2016. 7871:Senholt, “The Sinister Tradition,” pp. 47–8 7712: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7280: 7004: 6853: 6796: 6587: 4924: 4908: 4821: 4805: 4706: 4694: 4679: 4003:. Oxford University Press. pp. 209–228 3333:sfn error: no target: CITEREFGlustrom1989 ( 2502:and instigating others to participate in a 1365:. These ideas likely inspired the American 1086:, a 1980 book by the Canadian psychiatrist 915:and which assembled first at his estate at 187:. Those venerating Satan as a supernatural 12647: 12633: 11343: 11329: 10830: 10816: 10595: 10471: 10026: 9465: 9453: 9441: 9417: 9405: 9393: 9353: 9341: 9329: 9317: 9302: 9290: 9278: 9266: 9251: 8923: 8649: 8634: 8535: 8312: 8245: 8085: 7534: 7169:"The Church of Satan's Policy on Politics" 7163: 7161: 7159: 7157: 6948: 6923: 6906:sfn error: no target: CITEREFAndrade2018 ( 6493:sfnm error: no target: CITEREFLewis2001a ( 6196: 6101: 6089: 6080:. El Cerrito, CA: Gaia, p.v. Quoted in ... 6023: 6011: 5999: 5987: 5972: 5960: 5873: 5845: 5833: 5803: 5674: 5589: 5574: 5550: 5179:Journal for the Study of the New Testament 5092: 5035: 5023: 4936: 4769: 4741: 4725: 4710: 4664: 4545: 4539: 4527: 4515: 4503: 4491: 4479: 4436: 4050: 4044: 3895: 3838: 3468: 3390: 2122:years, or have their memberships revoked. 1713:, predominantly Roman Catholic countries. 1701:in the 1990s—in time with the fall of the 546: 12477:Academic study of new religious movements 10638: 10412: 9844: 9832: 9576:. El Cerrito, CA: Gaia. pp. 523–541. 9208:"Cutter v. Wilkinson 544 U.S. 709 (2005)" 8582: 8492:. NTNU-trykk. pp. 218–219, 144–146. 7565: 7195: 7148: 7139:(New York: Oxford University Press, 2020) 7075:: 7 Contemporary Developments in Satanism 7038: 6880: 6865: 6816: 6804: 6784: 6756: 5538: 5523: 5511: 5499: 5487: 5475: 5463: 5451: 5424: 5412: 5397: 5385: 5329: 5287: 5195: 5165: 5140: 5122: 5098: 5075: 5047: 4988: 4467: 4452: 4440: 4331: 4319: 4303: 4238: 4226: 4202: 4190: 4178: 4166: 4154: 4139: 3984: 3957: 3823: 3725: 3697: 3604: 3525: 3510: 2248:organization that combines Satanism, the 1924:) that he neither endorsed nor rejected. 967:who used them for the basis of his book, 12461:World Religions and Spirituality Project 10792:) is being considered for deletion. See 10616: 10544: 10438: 10425: 10418: 10403: 10394: 9992: 9939: 9932: 9930: 9807:The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity 9664: 9651: 9631:Aleister Crowley and Western Esotericism 9628: 9536: 9483: 9429: 8487: 8437: 8335: 8278: 7999: 7772: 7768: 7756: 7732: 7720: 7700: 7696: 7680: 7399: 6744: 6615: 6572: 6302: 5723: 5562: 5171: 4970:(New York: Vintage Books, 1999), p. 193. 4948:Ross, A. 1994. "Blame it on the Devil". 4421: 4401: 4355: 4000:The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity 3996: 3341: 3328: 3304:White, Ethan Doyle (December 14, 2023). 2973: 2532:, organized Satanism emerged out of the 2406: 2380: 2232: 2139: 1737: 1655:and draw upon ideas from other forms of 1479: 1390: 1188: 1044: 853: 829: 731: 725:, likely based in part on the real life 601:As Christianity expanded throughout the 568: 384: 330:as the latter fasted in the wilderness. 247: 35: 10565: 10518:Scarre, Geoffrey; Callow, John (2001). 10371: 9877: 9785:Introduction: At the Devil's Crossroads 9761: 9748: 9681:. Brill Esotericism Reference Library. 9559: 9491:Asprem, Egil; Granholm, Kennet (2013). 9179: 8673: 8397: 8393: 8391: 8389: 8370:The Divine Province: Birthing New Earth 8367: 8363: 8361: 8359: 8357: 8336:Twilight, Jennifer (January 25, 2021). 8279:Petersen, Jesper (August 27–29, 2012). 8067: 8055: 7979: 7975: 7971: 7950: 7923: 7911: 7896: 7884: 7859: 7855: 7839: 7835: 7819: 7716: 7656: 7154: 6901: 6780: 6729: 6611: 6524: 6463: 6403: 6363: 6318: 6211: 6076:Carlson, Shawn and Gerald Larue. 1989. 5048:Guglielmi, Giorgia (October 28, 2020). 3574: 3396: 2969: 2614: 2547:disbanded the grotto system in the mid- 2144:One of the principal symbols of the O9A 2035:. LaVey's daughter, the High Priestess 2020: 1582:", and the fact that most of them were 1107:evangelical Christians, in particular 1055:At the end of the twentieth century, a 802: 184: 12788: 12335:Classifications of religious movements 11962:Universal Church of the Kingdom of God 10691: 10665: 10348: 10066: 9999: 9986: 9956: 9572:Carlson, Shawn; Larue, Gerald (1989). 9054: 9052: 8767: 8667: 8607: 8331: 8329: 8327: 8325: 8323: 8321: 8274: 8272: 8246:Introvigne, Massimo (April 13, 2017). 8241: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8233: 8079: 8043: 8039: 8023: 7935: 7684: 7668: 7599: 7515: 7410: 7109: 7087:"New milestone: over 700,000 members!" 6671: 6525:Andrade, Gabriel (December 23, 2020). 6488: 6404:Andrade, Gabriel (December 23, 2020). 6378: 6319:Andrade, Gabriel (December 23, 2020). 6212:Andrade, Gabriel (December 23, 2020). 5767: 5735: 5719: 5360: 5226: 4989:Martineau, Paris (December 19, 2017). 4982: 4920: 4896: 4884: 4869: 4857: 4845: 4833: 4817: 4793: 4765: 4737: 4660: 4648: 4636: 4624: 4612: 4600: 4588: 4426:. Oxford University Press. p. 43. 4406:. Oxford University Press. p. 41. 4360:. Oxford University Press. p. 39. 4343: 4315: 4286: 4274: 4262: 4250: 4214: 4080: 3802: 3761: 3749: 3737: 3721: 3540: 3506: 3475:Levack, Brian P. (2006). "Chapter 7". 3474: 2299:, believing that Satan is one of many 2295:Members of Joy of Satan are generally 1488:Throughout his life British occultist 12628: 11324: 10811: 10746:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190466176.013.33 10238: 10217: 10193: 10151: 9960:(1995). "Satanism in Britain Today". 9609: 8438:Paniccia, Enrico (January 17, 2021). 7956: 7484: 7032: 6998: 6828: 6512: 6500: 6464:Cummins, Denise (February 16, 2016). 6379:WELTON, BENJAMIN (October 15, 2014). 6166: 5099:Bracewell, Lorna (January 21, 2021). 4056: 3478:The Witch-hunt in Early Modern Europe 3303: 1931: 1716: 1244:and later readers like the publisher 751:As the late medieval gave way to the 565:Medieval and Early Modern Christendom 12183:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada 11612:International Peace Mission movement 10770:Religious Tolerance page on Satanism 10574: 10490: 10397:The Devil, a Very Short Introduction 8674:Breskin, David (November 22, 1984). 8512: 8386: 8354: 8027: 7983: 7880: 7540: 7239:"There are Seven FUNDAMENTAL TENETS" 7231: 7039:Ohlheiser, Abby (November 7, 2014). 6926:"Church of Satan vs. Satanic Temple" 6448: 4424:The Devil, a Very Short Introduction 4404:The Devil, a Very Short Introduction 4358:The Devil, a Very Short Introduction 2920: 2402: 2258:American National Socialist Movement 2250:ancient alien astronaut "hypothesis" 2046: 1259:Enquiry Concerning Political Justice 1256:, who reflected it in his 1793 book 843:, from the 1911 edition of the book 270:The term "Satan" has evolved from a 236:. This concept was also embraced by 12002:World Mission Society Church of God 11414:Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis 10925:Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan 10142: 9143:Linda Greenhouse (March 22, 2005). 9049: 9044:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 9032:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 9020:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 9008:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8996:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8984:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8972:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8960:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8948:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8936:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8912:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8900:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8888:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8876:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8861:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8849:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8837:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8825:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8662:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8620:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8481: 8426:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 8318: 8269: 8230: 7359:Massoud Hayoun (December 8, 2013). 7307: 7281:Oppenheimer, Mark (July 10, 2015). 7226:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 7211:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 7191: 6800: 6695: 6683: 6640: 5949:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5932:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5901:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5889:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5870:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5858:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5819:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5792:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5780:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5751:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5663:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5648:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5636:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5619:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5607:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5440:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5382:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5315:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5300:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5284:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5272:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 5255:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 4782:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 4754:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3973:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3774:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3710:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3686:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3674:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3659:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3644:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3629:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3617:Dyrendal, Lewis & Petersen 2016 3356:. Numen Book Series. Vol. 44. 3347: 2494:for murdering a 23-year-old man in 2162:British National Socialist Movement 616:Those Christian groups regarded as 202: 44:is a widespread symbol of Satanism. 13: 12578:Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses 11952:Unitarian Universalist Association 10717: 10610:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1993.tb00124.x 9679:Western Esotericism in Scandinavia 9367:"Death to False Satanism | NOISEY" 8583:Blakinger, Keri (April 23, 2017). 5172:Crossley, James (September 2021). 3575:Gilmore, Peter (August 10, 2007). 3015:. Bands active in the subgenre of 2946:Supreme Court of the United States 2460:, and the other by Steven Hurd in 1889:and highlighted by anthropologist 1606:a self-perception as an elite, and 1566:Contemporary tendencies and groups 381:, produced between 1615 and 1630. 123:Accusations of groups engaged in " 14: 12812: 11683:Moorish Science Temple of America 11468:Brotherhood of the Cross and Star 10944:Other names & related figures 10796:to help reach a consensus. › 10763: 9180:Johnson, M. Alex (May 31, 2005). 9116:Navy approves first ever Satanist 9084:Royal Navy to allow devil worship 8737: 8398:ATLANTA, J.F. (January 9, 2014). 8124:area of law enforcement activity. 7541:Font, Amanda (October 20, 2023). 7110:Romero, Dennis (April 25, 2023). 7013: 6453:. New York: New American Library. 5227:Dickey, Colin (August 16, 2023). 3091:early Norwegian black metal scene 1993:, and explaining how elements of 1651:applied to those forms which are 1373:to name his anarchist periodical 826:18th- to 20th-century Christendom 795:ideas about the night witch, the 195:, instead relating to Satan as a 12493:Journal of Contemporary Religion 10908: 10559:10.1163/187489210X12597396698744 9963:Journal of Contemporary Religion 9359: 9221: 9200: 9173: 9155: 9136: 9123: 9109: 9091: 9077: 8731: 8711: 8682: 8676:"Cult Killing: Kids in the Dark" 8544: 8506: 8456: 8431: 8188: 8166: 7865: 7620: 7593: 7509: 7455: 7374: 7352: 7331: 7129: 7103: 7078: 6954: 6886: 6762: 6701: 6621: 6442: 6157:: section 4 The Church of Satan. 6119: 6070: 5906: 5680: 5354: 5186:(1). Thousand Oaks, California: 4973: 4942: 4555:. April 25, 1897. Archived from 3267: 3125: 3111: 2376: 2371:anti-Semitic conspiracy theories 2118:presented as the ultimate goal. 2073: 787:, or practitioner of malevolent 518: 483:In their study of Satanism, the 450:Satanic ritual abuse moral panic 306:Prior to the composition of the 51:refers to a group of religious, 11957:United Submitters International 11143:The Marriage of Heaven and Hell 8513:Holt, Cimminnee (August 2012). 8440:"The dark side of Christianity" 7516:Larson, Erik (March 22, 2021). 7411:Bugbee, Shane (July 30, 2013). 7084: 7016:"The Satanic Temple Fact Sheet" 4124: 3853: 3844: 3779: 3258: 3249: 3232: 3142:Contemporary Religious Satanism 2517: 2222: 2066:, which is manipulated through 1724:Church of Satan and Anton LaVey 1335:, in which he outlined his own 1118:Federal Bureau of Investigation 774: 688:were accused of worshipping an 539:, Eastern religions as well as 167:of 1789, the evil force behind 12765:The Power of Positive Thinking 12551:Christian countercult movement 12395:Polytheistic reconstructionism 11760:Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha 11517:Chinese salvationist religions 10493:Homeland: Into a World of Hate 10330:Maxwell-Stuart, P. G. (2011). 10152:LaVey, Anton Szandor (2005) . 10099:Witchcraft and Magic in Europe 8338:"Analysis on the Joy of Satan" 5687:Lewis, James R. (March 2001). 4083:"THE FOUNTAINHEAD OF SATANISM" 3180: 2415:self-identified as a Satanist. 2084:The Temple of Set (ToS) is an 1: 10781: 10701:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 10568:Faxneld & Petersen (2013) 10547:Journal of Religion in Europe 10374:Mysticism in the 21st Century 10172: 10145:Faxneld & Petersen (2013) 9950:Faxneld & Petersen (2013) 9789:Faxneld & Petersen (2013) 9755:Faxneld & Petersen (2013) 9658:Faxneld & Petersen (2013) 9614:. London: Thames and Hudson. 9167:The Christian Science Monitor 8208: 7640: 7261: 7068: 6969: 6829:LaVey, Anton Szandor (1988). 6771:by LaVey, p.96, quoted in ... 6286: 6259: 6150: 5344: 4553:"The Confession of Leo Taxil" 4385: 3941: 3918: 3879: 3446: 3246:to be the true name of Satan. 3186:Satan in Judaism and Islam. 3168: 2500:eating some of the body parts 2334:, that holds that Melek Taûs/ 2201:Home Affairs Select Committee 2102:was a corruption of the name 1593:an emphasis on individualism, 1180:Precursors of modern Satanism 11547:Church of the Guanche People 10673:. Redwood Press, imprint of 10432:Asprem & Granholm (2013) 9772:Asprem & Granholm (2014) 8538:An Encyclopedia of Occultism 8400:"What do Satanists believe?" 7745:Faxneld & Petersen 2013a 5361:Manuel, M. (July 23, 2010). 4081:Carter, Joe (June 8, 2011). 3399:Journal of Arabic Literature 3280: 2908:Multiple visible minorities 2561:. In more recent years, the 1448:" who based his ideology on 575:Johannes Praetorius (writer) 265: 7: 11967:Universal White Brotherhood 10406:Lewis & Petersen (2005) 10305:Controversial New Religions 10270:Controversial New Religions 10228:Marburg Journal of Religion 10173:Laycock, Joseph P. (2023). 10071:. Jeffrey Kaplan (editor). 8778:Marburg Journal of Religion 6924:Greaves, Lucien (c. 2019). 6653:Faxneld & Petersen 2014 6600:Faxneld & Petersen 2013 6531:Irish Theological Quarterly 6410:Irish Theological Quarterly 6325:Irish Theological Quarterly 6218:Irish Theological Quarterly 6191:Faxneld & Petersen 2013 6054:, Buffalo: Prometheus Book. 3453:: section 1. What Is Satan? 3104: 2490:Satanist, was sentenced to 2477:Ricky "the Acid King" Kasso 2467:The American serial killer 2411:The American serial killer 1792:showmanship". Philosopher 1550:, a Satanic group based in 1184: 1101:lengthy and expensive trial 974:A reaction to this was the 524:elements of Satanism (e.g. 506:, not a descriptive term". 487:scholars Asbjørn Dyrendal, 10: 12817: 12238:Menachem Mendel Schneerson 12223:Joseph Franklin Rutherford 11942:Unarius Academy of Science 10736:(2nd ed.). New York: 10732:; Tøllefsen, Inga (eds.). 10598:The Sociological Quarterly 10399:. Oxford University Press. 10349:Medway, Gareth J. (2001). 10246:Legitimating New Religions 10033:Satanism: A Social History 9878:Gardell, Matthias (2003). 9541:(third ed.). London: 9474: 8372:. Ed Rychkun. p. 84. 8225:Asprem & Granholm 2014 6179:Asprem & Granholm 2014 5077:10.1038/d41586-020-03034-5 3581:Point of Inquiry Interview 3462: 2772: 2539:with the formation of the 2388: 2369:sentiment, as well as its 2226: 2217:Nordic Resistance Movement 2133: 2077: 2024: 1935: 1918:National Renaissance Party 1827:(strongly associated with 1727: 1699:Central and Eastern Europe 1153: 1048: 806: 586: 371:Laurentius Paulinus Gothus 112:in the United States – an 18: 12738: 12703: 12662: 12596: 12573:Persecution of Falun Gong 12536: 12469: 12443: 12307: 12291: 12143:Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi 12010: 11937:Twelve Tribes communities 11927:Transcendental Meditation 11358: 11284:The Mass of Saint-Sécaire 11262:Temple of the Black Light 11164: 11068: 10943: 10917: 10906: 10875:Parable of the Strong Man 10847: 10837: 10675:Stanford University Press 10639:van Luijk, Ruben (2016). 10472:Rothschild, Mike (2021). 10395:Oldridge, Darren (2012). 10380:: Sirius Academic Press. 10372:Monette, Connell (2013). 10355:New York University Press 10222: (September 2002). 9980:10.1080/13537909508580747 9914:New York University Press 9906:Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas 9857:Santa Barbara, California 9727:The Invention of Satanism 9695:10.1163/9789004325968_062 9595:10.1080/00155870500282701 8488:Petersen, Jesper (2011). 8178:Counter Extremism Project 6989:(August 16, 1971), p. 56. 5197:10.1177/0142064X211025464 4422:Oldridge, Darren (2012). 4402:Oldridge, Darren (2012). 4356:Oldridge, Darren (2012). 3374:10.1163/9789004378636_003 3190:Being, as in the case of 2954:over protecting minority 2939:Navy Command Headquarters 2897:Visible minority, n.i.e. 2681: 2656: 2645: 2635: 2041:San Francisco, California 1798:"selfishness" is a virtue 1452:of the 1890s, publishing 1386: 1211:(in particular, those of 1013:From Witchcraft to Christ 860:La Clef de la Magie Noire 763:movement. In the ensuing 509: 244:Etymology and definitions 29:Satanist (disambiguation) 25:Satanism (disambiguation) 12583:Persecution of Rastafari 12482:Anthropology of religion 12315:African-initiated church 12188:Phineas Parkhurst Quimby 11878:Shri Ram Chandra Mission 11567:The Family International 11537:Church of Divine Science 11490:Charismatic Christianity 11208:Greater and lesser magic 10981:Ezekiel's cherub in Eden 10935:Questions of Bartholomew 10794:templates for discussion 10158:. New York: Avon Books. 10073:Walnut Creek, California 9838:Encyclopedia of Religion 9565:Encyclopedia of Religion 9537:Baddeley, Gavin (2010). 9520:Contemporary Esotericism 9493:Contemporary Esotericism 8795:10.17192/mjr.2001.6.3748 8741:Encyclopedia of Satanism 8368:McBride, Jaemes (2013). 7600:Aquino, Michael (2002). 6543:10.1177/0021140020977656 6422:10.1177/0021140020977656 6337:10.1177/0021140020977656 6230:10.1177/0021140020977656 6127:"Satanism stalks Poland" 6050:Hicks, Robert D., 1991. 6039:Carlson & Larue 1989 5124:10.3389/fsoc.2020.615727 4371:Scarre & Callow 2001 3173: 3153:Devil in popular culture 2172:to promote its message. 1831:and the expression "the 1705:—and most noticeably in 1680:"Establishment" Satanism 1149: 326:, he attempted to tempt 191:are unlikely to ascribe 12614:New religious movements 12068:Chinmayananda Saraswati 11854:Joy of Satan Ministries 11632:Kingdom of Jesus Christ 11453:Black Hebrew Israelites 11352:New religious movements 10895:The Sheep and the Goats 10738:Oxford University Press 10649:Oxford University Press 10353:. London and New York: 10313:Oxford University Press 10278:Oxford University Press 10124:. Oxford and New York: 10010:Oxford University Press 10000:Hutton, Ronald (1999). 9816:Oxford University Press 9732:Oxford University Press 9730:. Oxford and New York: 9635:Oxford University Press 9633:. Oxford and New York: 9131:Request for Information 7575:. Vol. 1. London: 4057:Lyons, Arthur. (1988). 3411:10.1163/157006495X00175 3089:, were involved in the 2948:debated in the case of 2282:UFO conspiracy theories 2229:Joy of Satan Ministries 1914:United Klans of America 1897:his followers". Some ( 1833:survival of the fittest 1548:Our Lady of Endor Coven 1442:Stanisław Przybyszewski 1376:Lucifer the Lightbearer 578:Blocksbergs Verrichtung 547:Accusations of Satanism 432:figures and groups who 279:. For instance, in the 12568:Persecution of Baháʼís 12563:Persecution of Ahmadis 12511:Psychology of religion 12506:Philosophy of religion 12375:Japanese new religions 12365:Hindu reform movements 12330:Christian denomination 11052:The Prince of Darkness 10918:Deuterocanonical works 10624:. Edinburgh: Longman. 10589:10.1558/ijsnr.v4i2.251 9610:Drury, Nevill (2003). 8342:Italian Satanist Union 8174:"Order of Nine Angles" 8139:. September 20, 2019. 7567:Partridge, Christopher 6949:Taub & Nelson 1993 6102:Taub & Nelson 1993 6090:Taub & Nelson 1993 6024:Taub & Nelson 1993 6012:Taub & Nelson 1993 6000:Taub & Nelson 1993 5988:Taub & Nelson 1993 5973:Taub & Nelson 1993 5961:Taub & Nelson 1993 5106:Frontiers in Sociology 5038:, pp. 9, 28, 175. 4045:Taub & Nelson 1993 3577:"Science and Satanism" 3551:University of Virginia 3348:Awn, Peter J. (1983). 2979: 2935:Freedom of Information 2567: 2528:Beginning in the late 2482:On November 21, 1998, 2416: 2386: 2238: 2145: 1811:Other influences were 1743: 1690:"Underground" Satanism 1572:new religious movement 1546:Herbert Sloane claims 1496:in his work, sending " 1485: 1455:The Synagogue of Satan 1404: 1353:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon 1203: 1072: 867: 851: 748: 745:Compendium Maleficarum 741:Francesco Maria Guazzo 584: 573:Title illustration of 262: 45: 23:. For other uses, see 12670:Purification movement 12521:Sociology of religion 12233:Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar 12153:Maharishi Mahesh Yogi 11982:The Way International 11713:New Kadampa Tradition 11542:Church of Scientology 11251:Satan Takes a Holiday 10885:Serpents in the Bible 10501:Mainstream Publishing 10303: , eds. (2014). 9888:Duke University Press 9804: , eds. (2013). 9673:. In Bogdan, Henrik; 9522:. London: Routledge. 9233:The Salt Lake Tribune 8787:University of Marburg 8198:. September 30, 2020. 7470:The David Pakman Show 6366:, pp. 8127–8128. 2986:and the British band 2977: 2526: 2410: 2384: 2236: 2143: 1741: 1483: 1394: 1192: 1063: 1045:Ritual abuse hysteria 1041:had been a Satanist. 940:Roman Catholic Church 897:Industrial Revolution 876:Scientific Revolution 857: 839:, an illustration by 833: 820:Affair of the Poisons 809:Affair of the Poisons 757:Roman Catholic Church 735: 714:On Christian Doctrine 622:Roman Catholic Church 597:Witch-cult hypothesis 572: 385:Accused v. identified 251: 173:unfounded moral panic 65:Devil in Christianity 39: 12750:Azusa Street Revival 12730:Ghost Dance movement 12410:Religious syncretism 12405:Religious conversion 12390:Open-source religion 12218:Charles Taze Russell 12033:Herbert W. Armstrong 11920:Theosophical Society 11698:New Apostolic Church 11273:The Devil's Notebook 11233:Order of Nine Angles 11203:First Satanic Church 10990:His Infernal Majesty 10930:Life of Adam and Eve 10890:Temptation of Christ 10880:Parable of the Tares 10870:Parable of the Sower 10740:. pp. 441–452. 10698:Saints & Sinners 10443: , ed. (2009). 10334:. Stroud: Amberley. 10079:. pp. 235–238. 9863:. pp. 151–168. 9834:Gallagher, Eugene V. 9689:. pp. 481–488. 9671:"Satanism in Norway" 9637:. pp. 369–394. 9129:Ministry of Defence 9065:www150.statcan.gc.ca 8986:, pp. 151, 153. 8727:. November 21, 2023. 8470:. September 27, 2019 8095:"State of Hate 2020" 8012:Goodrick-Clarke 2003 7998:, pp. 218–219; 7996:Goodrick-Clarke 2003 7852:Goodrick-Clarke 2003 7832:Goodrick-Clarke 2003 7816:Goodrick-Clarke 2003 7386:The Washington Times 5693:. Prometheus Books. 5113:. Cardiff, England: 4768:, pp. 178–183; 4740:, pp. 175–177; 4663:, pp. 262–263; 3158:Satanic ritual abuse 2970:Metal and rock music 2931:British Armed Forces 2621:2021 Canadian census 2615:2021 Canadian census 2154:right-wing terrorism 2136:Order of Nine Angles 2027:First Satanic Church 2021:First Satanic Church 1947:Salem, Massachusetts 1815:(who celebrated the 1627:Rationalist Satanism 1599:a transgressive and 1475:Ordo Templi Orientis 1428:Theosophical Society 1399:, as illustrated by 1295:Percy Bysshe Shelley 1209:Age of Enlightenment 1199:, as illustrated by 1122:Department of Health 1051:Satanic ritual abuse 913:Sir Francis Dashwood 803:Affair of the Poison 654:Western Christianity 593:Maleficium (sorcery) 12725:Jehovah's Witnesses 12527:When Prophecy Fails 12487:History of religion 12430:Spiritual evolution 12400:Prosperity theology 12370:In-group favoritism 12340:Conspiracy theories 12028:Marshall Applewhite 11780:Ramakrishna Mission 11448:Jehovah's Witnesses 11297:The Satanic Rituals 11197:Cutter v. Wilkinson 11156:The Summoner's Tale 10618:Thurston, Robert W. 10570:, pp. 250–274. 10522:(second ed.). 10491:Ryan, Nick (2003). 10434:, pp. 134–158. 10408:, pp. 423–458. 10378:Wilsonville, Oregon 10028:Introvigne, Massimo 9952:, pp. 209–228. 9757:, pp. 205–208. 9660:, pp. 123–140. 9468:, pp. 503–504. 9444:, pp. 479–481. 9432:, pp. 481–488. 9344:, pp. 472–473. 9305:, pp. 468–469. 9281:, pp. 467–468. 9254:, pp. 462–463. 8974:, pp. 210–212. 8938:, pp. 181–182. 8926:, pp. 525–527. 8914:, pp. 179–180. 8902:, pp. 200–201. 8890:, pp. 202–204. 8610:, pp. 362–365. 8560:Llewellyn Worldwide 8540:. Carol Publishing. 8536:Spence, L. (1993). 8428:, pp. 144–232. 8315:, pp. 370–371. 8227:, pp. 144–146. 7045:The Washington Post 6715:Sermon on the Mount 6065:The Satanism Scare 6014:, p. 523, 525. 5726:, pp. 369–370. 5565:, pp. 444–446. 5526:, pp. 119–120. 5514:, pp. 117–119. 5490:, pp. 105–107. 5384:, pp. 28, 30; 5068:2020Natur.587...21G 4872:, pp. 210–211. 4860:, pp. 234–248. 4848:, pp. 220–221. 4836:, pp. 191–195. 4784:, pp. 116–120. 4772:, pp. 405–406. 4756:, pp. 115–116. 4744:, pp. 374–376. 4639:, pp. 164–170. 4627:, pp. 159–161. 4615:, pp. 143–149. 4603:, pp. 141–142. 4591:, pp. 266–267. 3481:. Pearson Longman. 2951:Cutter v. Wilkinson 2779:26,689,275 (73.5%) 2674:18,391,315 (50.6%) 2663:17,937,165 (49.4%) 2638:General population 2632: 2278:Western esotericism 2262:spiritual evolution 2209:Atomwaffen Division 2007:reciprocal altruism 1922:American Nazi Party 1813:Friedrich Nietzsche 1752:Anton Szandor LaVey 1657:Western esotericism 1509:Fraternitas Saturni 1498:Antichristmas cards 1463:Carl William Hansen 1413:ceremonial magician 1346:of 1775–83 and the 1344:American Revolution 1135:reported In 1994, 993:Joris-Karl Huysmans 969:The Temple of Satan 961:Stanislas de Guaita 769:Counter-Reformation 753:early modern period 707:'s condemnation of 635:classical mythology 589:European witchcraft 477:Christian mythology 444:figures and groups 161:Counter-Reformation 149:Early Modern period 12609:In popular culture 12546:Anti-cult movement 12320:Buddhist modernism 12258:Emanuel Swedenborg 12253:Nirmala Srivastava 12018:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 11972:Vipassana movement 11947:Unification Church 11932:True Buddha School 11873:Shambhala Buddhism 11844:The Satanic Temple 11765:The Process Church 11651:Maha Bodhi Society 11622:Invitation to Life 11602:Humanistic Judaism 11303:The Satanic Temple 11279:The infernal names 11176:After School Satan 11118:Johann Georg Faust 11035:The Father of Lies 10860:Book of Revelation 10775:2022-07-20 at the 10528:Palgrave Macmillan 10476:. Melville House. 10455:Ashgate Publishing 10332:Satan: A Biography 10147:, pp. 83–102. 9935:, pp. 85–101. 9495:. Durham: Acumen. 9373:. October 29, 2014 9149:The New York Times 7699:, pp. 93–94; 7498:. October 10, 2017 7438:After School Satan 7388:. December 9, 2013 7287:The New York Times 7243:THE SATANIC TEMPLE 6930:The Satanic Temple 6449:Rand, Ayn (1964). 5302:, pp. 28, 30. 4439:, pp. 58–59; 4111:Quote Investigator 4063:. Mysterious Press 3368:. pp. 18–56. 3350:"Mythic Biography" 3072:religious skeptics 3062:, whose vocalist, 2980: 2765:6,586,600 (18.1%) 2754:5,162,365 (14.2%) 2743:4,634,850 (12.8%) 2732:4,872,425 (13.4%) 2721:4,898,625 (13.5%) 2688:5,992,555 (16.5%) 2630: 2417: 2387: 2326:In their beliefs, 2241:Joy of Satan is a 2239: 2146: 1943:The Satanic Temple 1938:The Satanic Temple 1932:The Satanic Temple 1806:Ayn Rand's thought 1796:, who argued that 1744: 1717:Atheistic Satanism 1580:family resemblance 1531:Russian Revolution 1527:Maria de Naglowska 1486: 1405: 1204: 1092:repressed memories 1083:Michelle Remembers 949:tarot card readers 882:and psychology of 868: 852: 759:and the breakaway 749: 727:Johann Georg Faust 705:Augustine of Hippo 637:, such as the god 585: 515:of true Satanism. 422:Massimo Introvigne 263: 185:atheistic Satanism 46: 12783: 12782: 12716:Christian Science 12622: 12621: 12516:Religious studies 12350:Cybersectarianism 12325:Chabad messianism 12299:Pacific Northwest 12283:Poykayil Yohannan 12098:Josemaría Escrivá 11977:Eastern Lightning 11775:Rajneesh movement 11723:Religious Science 11656:Messianic Judaism 11642:Latter Day Saints 11607:Iglesia ni Cristo 11532:Christian Science 11392:Aetherius Society 11318: 11317: 11309:The Satanic Witch 11290:The Satanic Bible 11267:Theistic Satanism 11257:Sigil of Baphomet 11136:Paradise Regained 10865:Book of Zechariah 10755:978-0-19-046617-6 10510:978-1-84018-465-5 10464:978-0-7546-5286-1 10387:978-1-940964-00-3 10341:978-1-4456-0575-3 10322:978-0-19-931530-7 10287:978-0-19-515683-6 10256:978-0-8135-3534-0 10210:978-1-57607-292-9 10165:978-0-380-01539-9 10155:The Satanic Bible 10135:978-1-78533-085-8 10095:La Fontaine, Jean 10086:978-0-7425-0340-3 10051:978-90-04-28828-7 10019:978-0-1928-5449-0 9995:, pp. 27–40. 9923:978-0-8147-3155-0 9897:978-0-8223-3071-4 9825:978-0-19-977924-6 9774:, pp. 72–90. 9704:978-90-04-30241-9 9644:978-0-19-986309-9 9561:Bromley, David G. 9552:978-0-85965-455-5 9543:Plexus Publishing 9529:978-1-317-54357-2 9502:978-1-908049-32-2 9169:. March 21, 2005. 8589:Houston Chronicle 8569:978-0-7387-1220-8 8552:Michelle Belanger 8499:978-82-471-3052-0 8157:. July 16, 2020. 8121:. June 29, 2020. 8104:. March 9, 2020. 7473:. October 9, 2014 6708:Gospel of Matthew 6114:Alisauskiene 2009 5821:, pp. 49–50. 5782:, pp. 43–44. 5621:, pp. 37–38. 5577:, pp. 44–45. 5502:, pp. 77–79. 5478:, pp. 74–75. 5466:, pp. 97–98. 5454:, pp. 71–72. 5388:, pp. 69–70. 5188:SAGE Publications 4911:, pp. 13–14. 4542:, pp. 85–86. 4530:, pp. 84–85. 4518:, pp. 74–78. 4506:, pp. 71–73. 4482:, pp. 60–61. 4455:, pp. 66–67. 4289:, pp. 60–63. 4277:, pp. 57–58. 4241:, pp. 29–31. 4229:, pp. 28–29. 4181:, pp. 25–26. 4169:, pp. 24–26. 3776:, pp. 21–22. 3619:, pp. 13–14. 3488:978-0-582-41901-8 3383:978-90-04-37863-6 3331:, pp. 22–24. 3133:Philosophy portal 2921:Legal recognition 2918: 2917: 2812:1,547,870 (4.3%) 2801:1,715,770 (4.7%) 2699:2,003,200 (5.5%) 2646:Total population 2403:Personal Satanism 2052:Theistic Satanism 2047:Theistic Satanism 2011:cognitive science 1848:seven deadly sins 1844:liberal democracy 1649:Esoteric Satanism 1621:Reactive Satanism 1461:Danish occultist 1446:decadent Bohemian 1362:God and the State 1348:French Revolution 1035:Richard Wurmbrand 1026:in his 1972 book 957:conspiracy theory 936:French Revolution 701:a pact with Satan 485:religious studies 424:writing in 1994). 379:Ethica Christiana 328:Jesus of Nazareth 181:theistic Satanism 165:French Revolution 59:beliefs based on 12808: 12649: 12642: 12635: 12626: 12625: 12444:Public education 12243:Shiv Dayal Singh 12108:Charles Fillmore 12088:Aleister Crowley 12078:Helena Blavatsky 11790:Risshō Kōsei Kai 11755:Pilgrims of Arès 11735:Nuwaubian Nation 11708:New Confucianism 11527:Christadelphians 11522:Chinmaya Mission 11463:Branch Davidians 11402:Lahore Ahmadiyya 11345: 11338: 11331: 11322: 11321: 11228:LaVeyan Satanism 11168: 10912: 10841: 10832: 10825: 10818: 10809: 10808: 10759: 10712: 10693:Wright, Lawrence 10688: 10662: 10635: 10613: 10592: 10571: 10562: 10541: 10514: 10487: 10468: 10442: 10435: 10429: 10422: 10416: 10409: 10400: 10391: 10368: 10345: 10326: 10307:(2nd ed.). 10302: 10298: 10291: 10267: 10260: 10242: 10235: 10221: 10214: 10190: 10169: 10148: 10139: 10119: 10112: 10090: 10063: 10042:Brill Publishers 10023: 10007: 9996: 9990: 9983: 9953: 9943: 9936: 9927: 9901: 9874: 9848: 9841: 9829: 9803: 9799: 9792: 9791:, pp. 3–18. 9782: 9775: 9765: 9758: 9745: 9723: 9716: 9687:Brill Publishers 9668: 9661: 9655: 9648: 9625: 9606: 9577: 9568: 9556: 9533: 9517: 9513: 9506: 9487: 9469: 9463: 9457: 9451: 9445: 9439: 9433: 9427: 9421: 9415: 9409: 9403: 9397: 9391: 9382: 9381: 9379: 9378: 9363: 9357: 9351: 9345: 9339: 9333: 9327: 9321: 9315: 9306: 9300: 9294: 9288: 9282: 9276: 9270: 9264: 9255: 9249: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9239: 9225: 9219: 9218: 9216: 9215: 9204: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9194: 9177: 9171: 9170: 9159: 9153: 9152: 9140: 9134: 9127: 9121: 9113: 9107: 9095: 9089: 9081: 9075: 9074: 9072: 9071: 9056: 9047: 9041: 9035: 9029: 9023: 9017: 9011: 9005: 8999: 8993: 8987: 8981: 8975: 8969: 8963: 8957: 8951: 8945: 8939: 8933: 8927: 8921: 8915: 8909: 8903: 8897: 8891: 8885: 8879: 8873: 8864: 8858: 8852: 8846: 8840: 8834: 8828: 8822: 8813: 8812: 8810: 8809: 8771:(August 2001b). 8765: 8756: 8755: 8735: 8729: 8728: 8724:The Moscow Times 8715: 8709: 8708: 8706: 8705: 8696:. 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March 20, 2018 4103: 4097: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4078: 4072: 4071: 4069: 4068: 4054: 4048: 4042: 4031: 4030: 4018: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4008: 3994: 3988: 3982: 3976: 3970: 3961: 3955: 3949: 3939: 3926: 3916: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3877: 3860: 3857: 3851: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3827: 3821: 3806: 3800: 3789: 3783: 3777: 3771: 3765: 3759: 3753: 3747: 3741: 3735: 3729: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3701: 3695: 3689: 3683: 3677: 3671: 3662: 3656: 3647: 3641: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3614: 3608: 3602: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3587: 3572: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3562: 3553:. Archived from 3538: 3529: 3523: 3514: 3504: 3493: 3492: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3444: 3431: 3430: 3405:(1/2): 201–214. 3394: 3388: 3387: 3366:Brill Publishers 3345: 3339: 3338: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3316: 3301: 3274: 3271: 3265: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3247: 3238:For example the 3236: 3230: 3184: 3135: 3130: 3129: 3128: 3121: 3116: 3115: 2956:religious rights 2853:Southeast Asian 2773:Minority status 2633: 2629: 2574: 2321:Zecharia Sitchin 2286:Zecharia Sitchin 2243:western esoteric 2116:self-deification 2015:LaVeyan Satanism 1995:Social Darwinism 1991:authoritarianism 1987:LaVey's Satanism 1976:Christian groups 1891:Jean La Fontaine 1829:Social Darwinism 1821:Aleister Crowley 1730:LaVeyan Satanism 1556:Biblical serpent 1517:Satanische Magie 1494:Whore of Babylon 1490:Aleister Crowley 1450:Social Darwinism 1444:(1868–1927), a " 1076: 1028:The Satan-Seller 1008:Montague Summers 841:Martin van Maële 836:Witches' Sabbath 737:The Obscene Kiss 582:Witches' Sabbath 363:Swedish language 228:entity known is 203:Devil in society 79:figures such as 75:milieu of other 12816: 12815: 12811: 12810: 12809: 12807: 12806: 12805: 12786: 12785: 12784: 12779: 12760:Nation of Islam 12755:Moorish Science 12734: 12699: 12658: 12653: 12623: 12618: 12592: 12532: 12465: 12439: 12303: 12287: 12273:Chögyam Trungpa 12268:Joseph W. Tkach 12173:Elijah Muhammad 12103:Louis Farrakhan 12093:Mary Baker Eddy 12053:Sathya Sai Baba 12011:Notable figures 12006: 11863:Sathya Sai Baba 11832:Church of Satan 11688:Nation of Islam 11661:Modern paganism 11510:Neo-charismatic 11354: 11349: 11319: 11314: 11191:Church of Satan 11166: 11160: 11096:Faust, Part Two 11089:Faust, Part One 11064: 10939: 10913: 10904: 10843: 10839: 10836: 10797: 10777:Wayback Machine 10766: 10756: 10730:Lewis, James R. 10720: 10718:Further reading 10715: 10709: 10685: 10659: 10632: 10538: 10511: 10484: 10465: 10440: 10427: 10419:Petersen (2009) 10414: 10388: 10365: 10342: 10323: 10300: 10296: 10288: 10265: 10257: 10243: (2003). 10240: 10219: 10211: 10195:Lewis, James R. 10187: 10166: 10136: 10120: (2016). 10117: 10109: 10087: 10052: 10020: 9993:Petersen (2009) 9988: 9941: 9933:Petersen (2009) 9924: 9898: 9871: 9861:Greenwood Press 9846: 9826: 9801: 9797: 9780: 9763: 9749:Faxneld, Per. " 9742: 9721: 9705: 9669: (2016). 9666: 9653: 9645: 9622: 9553: 9530: 9518: (2014). 9515: 9511: 9503: 9484:Petersen (2009) 9477: 9472: 9466:Introvigne 2016 9464: 9460: 9454:Introvigne 2016 9452: 9448: 9442:Introvigne 2016 9440: 9436: 9428: 9424: 9418:Introvigne 2016 9416: 9412: 9406:Introvigne 2016 9404: 9400: 9394:Introvigne 2016 9392: 9385: 9376: 9374: 9365: 9364: 9360: 9354:Introvigne 2016 9352: 9348: 9342:Introvigne 2016 9340: 9336: 9330:Introvigne 2016 9328: 9324: 9318:Introvigne 2016 9316: 9309: 9303:Introvigne 2016 9301: 9297: 9291:Introvigne 2016 9289: 9285: 9279:Introvigne 2016 9277: 9273: 9267:Introvigne 2016 9265: 9258: 9252:Introvigne 2016 9250: 9246: 9237: 9235: 9227: 9226: 9222: 9213: 9211: 9206: 9205: 9201: 9192: 9190: 9178: 9174: 9161: 9160: 9156: 9141: 9137: 9128: 9124: 9114: 9110: 9097:Carter, Helen. 9096: 9092: 9082: 9078: 9069: 9067: 9057: 9050: 9042: 9038: 9030: 9026: 9018: 9014: 9006: 9002: 8994: 8990: 8982: 8978: 8970: 8966: 8958: 8954: 8946: 8942: 8934: 8930: 8924:Introvigne 2016 8922: 8918: 8910: 8906: 8898: 8894: 8886: 8882: 8874: 8867: 8859: 8855: 8847: 8843: 8835: 8831: 8823: 8816: 8807: 8805: 8769:Lewis, James R. 8766: 8759: 8752: 8736: 8732: 8717: 8716: 8712: 8703: 8701: 8688: 8687: 8683: 8672: 8668: 8660: 8656: 8650:Introvigne 2016 8648: 8641: 8635:Introvigne 2016 8633: 8626: 8618: 8614: 8606: 8602: 8593: 8591: 8581: 8577: 8570: 8562:. p. 175. 8549: 8545: 8534: 8527: 8519: 8511: 8507: 8500: 8486: 8482: 8473: 8471: 8462: 8461: 8457: 8448: 8446: 8436: 8432: 8424: 8417: 8408: 8406: 8396: 8387: 8380: 8366: 8355: 8346: 8344: 8334: 8319: 8313:Introvigne 2016 8311: 8298: 8289: 8287: 8277: 8270: 8261: 8259: 8250: 8244: 8231: 8223: 8219: 8207: 8203: 8194: 8193: 8189: 8172: 8171: 8167: 8147: 8129: 8111: 8097: 8093: 8090: 8086: 8078: 8074: 8066: 8062: 8054: 8050: 8042:, p. 292; 8038: 8034: 8026:, p. 237; 8022: 8018: 8010: 8006: 7994: 7990: 7982:, p. 250; 7974:, p. 207; 7970: 7966: 7961: 7957: 7949: 7942: 7934: 7930: 7922: 7918: 7910: 7903: 7895: 7891: 7879: 7875: 7870: 7866: 7858:, p. 268; 7854:, p. 216; 7850: 7846: 7838:, p. 256; 7834:, p. 218; 7830: 7826: 7818:, p. 218; 7814: 7807: 7798: 7796: 7795:. March 4, 2020 7787: 7786: 7779: 7767: 7763: 7755: 7751: 7743: 7739: 7731: 7727: 7719:, p. 291; 7715:, p. 102; 7711: 7707: 7695: 7691: 7683:, p. 436; 7679: 7675: 7667: 7663: 7655: 7651: 7639: 7630: 7625: 7621: 7613: 7606: 7603:Church of Satan 7598: 7594: 7587: 7564: 7560: 7551: 7549: 7539: 7535: 7526: 7524: 7514: 7510: 7501: 7499: 7496:Church of Satan 7490: 7489: 7485: 7476: 7474: 7461: 7460: 7456: 7447: 7445: 7432: 7431: 7427: 7418: 7416: 7409: 7400: 7391: 7389: 7380: 7379: 7375: 7366: 7364: 7357: 7353: 7344: 7342: 7337: 7336: 7332: 7323: 7321: 7313: 7312: 7308: 7299: 7297: 7279: 7272: 7260: 7256: 7247: 7245: 7237: 7236: 7232: 7224: 7217: 7209: 7202: 7190: 7186: 7177: 7175: 7173:Church of Satan 7167: 7166: 7155: 7147: 7143: 7135:J. P. Laycock, 7134: 7130: 7121: 7119: 7118:. NBC UNIVERSAL 7108: 7104: 7095: 7093: 7083: 7079: 7067: 7058: 7049: 7047: 7037: 7033: 7024: 7022: 7020:Church of Satan 7012: 7005: 6997: 6993: 6984: 6980: 6968: 6964: 6959: 6955: 6947: 6943: 6934: 6932: 6922: 6915: 6905: 6900: 6896: 6891: 6887: 6879: 6872: 6864: 6860: 6852: 6848: 6839: 6837: 6835:Church of Satan 6827: 6823: 6815: 6811: 6795: 6791: 6783:, p. 289; 6779: 6775: 6767: 6763: 6755: 6751: 6743: 6736: 6728: 6724: 6706: 6702: 6694: 6690: 6682: 6678: 6670: 6666: 6656: 6651: 6647: 6639: 6635: 6626: 6622: 6614:, p. 288; 6610: 6606: 6598: 6594: 6586: 6579: 6571: 6564: 6555: 6553: 6523: 6519: 6511: 6507: 6492: 6487: 6483: 6474: 6472: 6462: 6458: 6447: 6443: 6434: 6432: 6402: 6398: 6389: 6387: 6377: 6370: 6362: 6358: 6349: 6347: 6317: 6313: 6301: 6297: 6285: 6270: 6258: 6251: 6242: 6240: 6210: 6206: 6201: 6197: 6189: 6185: 6177: 6173: 6165: 6161: 6149: 6138: 6133:. June 5, 2000. 6125: 6124: 6120: 6112: 6108: 6100: 6096: 6088: 6084: 6075: 6071: 6062: 6058: 6049: 6045: 6037: 6030: 6022: 6018: 6010: 6006: 5998: 5994: 5986: 5979: 5971: 5967: 5959: 5955: 5947: 5938: 5930: 5921: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5903:, pp. 7–9. 5899: 5895: 5887: 5880: 5874:Introvigne 2016 5868: 5864: 5856: 5852: 5846:Introvigne 2016 5844: 5840: 5834:Introvigne 2016 5832: 5825: 5817: 5810: 5804:Introvigne 2016 5802: 5798: 5790: 5786: 5778: 5774: 5766: 5757: 5749: 5742: 5734: 5730: 5722:, p. 175; 5718: 5714: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5686: 5685: 5681: 5675:Introvigne 2016 5673: 5669: 5661: 5654: 5646: 5642: 5634: 5625: 5617: 5613: 5605: 5596: 5590:Introvigne 2016 5588: 5581: 5575:Introvigne 2016 5573: 5569: 5561: 5557: 5551:Introvigne 2016 5549: 5545: 5537: 5530: 5522: 5518: 5510: 5506: 5498: 5494: 5486: 5482: 5474: 5470: 5462: 5458: 5450: 5446: 5438: 5431: 5423: 5419: 5411: 5404: 5396: 5392: 5380: 5376: 5367: 5365: 5359: 5355: 5343: 5336: 5328: 5321: 5313: 5306: 5298: 5294: 5282: 5278: 5270: 5261: 5253: 5246: 5237: 5235: 5225: 5221: 5170: 5166: 5115:Frontiers Media 5097: 5093: 5046: 5042: 5036:Rothschild 2021 5034: 5030: 5024:Rothschild 2021 5022: 5018: 5009: 5007: 4987: 4983: 4978: 4974: 4965: 4956: 4947: 4943: 4937:Introvigne 2016 4935: 4931: 4923:, p. 118; 4919: 4915: 4907: 4903: 4895: 4891: 4883: 4876: 4868: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4844: 4840: 4832: 4828: 4820:, p. 369; 4816: 4812: 4804: 4800: 4792: 4788: 4780: 4776: 4770:Introvigne 2016 4764: 4760: 4752: 4748: 4742:Introvigne 2016 4736: 4732: 4726:Introvigne 2016 4724: 4717: 4711:Introvigne 2016 4705: 4701: 4693: 4686: 4678: 4671: 4665:Introvigne 2016 4659: 4655: 4647: 4643: 4635: 4631: 4623: 4619: 4611: 4607: 4599: 4595: 4587: 4583: 4575: 4571: 4562: 4560: 4551: 4550: 4546: 4540:Introvigne 2016 4538: 4534: 4528:Introvigne 2016 4526: 4522: 4516:Introvigne 2016 4514: 4510: 4504:Introvigne 2016 4502: 4498: 4492:Introvigne 2016 4490: 4486: 4480:Introvigne 2016 4478: 4474: 4466: 4459: 4451: 4447: 4437:Introvigne 2016 4435: 4431: 4420: 4411: 4400: 4396: 4384: 4377: 4369: 4365: 4354: 4350: 4342: 4338: 4330: 4326: 4318:, p. 133; 4314: 4310: 4302: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4273: 4269: 4261: 4257: 4249: 4245: 4237: 4233: 4225: 4221: 4213: 4209: 4201: 4197: 4189: 4185: 4177: 4173: 4165: 4161: 4153: 4146: 4138: 4134: 4129: 4125: 4116: 4114: 4105: 4104: 4100: 4091: 4089: 4079: 4075: 4066: 4064: 4055: 4051: 4043: 4034: 4024: 4019: 4015: 4006: 4004: 3995: 3991: 3983: 3979: 3971: 3964: 3956: 3952: 3940: 3929: 3917: 3902: 3896:Introvigne 2016 3894: 3890: 3878: 3863: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3845: 3839:Introvigne 2016 3837: 3830: 3822: 3809: 3801: 3792: 3784: 3780: 3772: 3768: 3760: 3756: 3748: 3744: 3736: 3732: 3720: 3716: 3708: 3704: 3696: 3692: 3684: 3680: 3672: 3665: 3657: 3650: 3642: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3615: 3611: 3603: 3594: 3585: 3583: 3573: 3569: 3560: 3558: 3539: 3532: 3524: 3517: 3509:, p. 257; 3505: 3496: 3489: 3473: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3445: 3434: 3395: 3391: 3384: 3346: 3342: 3332: 3327: 3323: 3314: 3312: 3302: 3287: 3283: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3237: 3233: 3185: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3131: 3126: 3124: 3119:Religion portal 3117: 3110: 3107: 3099:modern Paganism 3068:Church of Satan 2972: 2923: 2911:331,805 (0.9%) 2900:172,885 (0.5%) 2878:218,140 (0.6%) 2856:390,340 (1.1%) 2845:580,235 (1.6%) 2842:Latin American 2834:694,015 (1.9%) 2823:957,355 (2.6%) 2790:2,571,400 (7%) 2710:2,177,860 (6%) 2617: 2589:problem of evil 2576: 2569: 2541:Church of Satan 2520: 2469:Richard Ramirez 2446:chaos magickian 2413:Richard Ramirez 2405: 2393: 2379: 2231: 2225: 2199:, chair of the 2138: 2132: 2096:The Cloven Hoof 2082: 2076: 2049: 2029: 2023: 1940: 1934: 1887:The Black Flame 1840:humanitarianism 1748:Church of Satan 1736: 1734:Church of Satan 1728:Main articles: 1726: 1719: 1684:Church of Satan 1661:Modern Paganism 1568: 1389: 1357:Mikhail Bakunin 1332:La Fin de Satan 1323:Alfred de Vigny 1300:Laon and Cythna 1187: 1182: 1168:sex trafficking 1158: 1152: 1088:Lawrence Pazder 1078: 1074: 1053: 1047: 1004:Dennis Wheatley 921:Medmenham Abbey 828: 811: 805: 777: 686:Knights Templar 599: 567: 549: 521: 512: 440:... excluding 387: 320:Book of Matthew 293:Book of Numbers 291:, while in the 268: 246: 205: 141:Knights Templar 137:Catholic Church 106:Church of Satan 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12814: 12804: 12803: 12801:Left-Hand Path 12798: 12781: 12780: 12778: 12777: 12772: 12767: 12762: 12757: 12752: 12746:Pentecostalism 12742: 12740: 12736: 12735: 12733: 12732: 12727: 12721:Bible Students 12718: 12713: 12707: 12705: 12701: 12700: 12698: 12697: 12695:Rosicrucianism 12692: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12672: 12666: 12664: 12660: 12659: 12652: 12651: 12644: 12637: 12629: 12620: 12619: 12617: 12616: 12611: 12606: 12604:Academic study 12600: 12598: 12594: 12593: 12591: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12558:Anti-Mormonism 12555: 12554: 12553: 12542: 12540: 12534: 12533: 12531: 12530: 12523: 12518: 12513: 12508: 12503: 12496: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12473: 12471: 12467: 12466: 12464: 12463: 12458: 12453: 12447: 12445: 12441: 12440: 12438: 12437: 12432: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12412: 12407: 12402: 12397: 12392: 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12347: 12342: 12337: 12332: 12327: 12322: 12317: 12311: 12309: 12305: 12304: 12302: 12301: 12295: 12293: 12289: 12288: 12286: 12285: 12280: 12278:Ellen G. White 12275: 12270: 12265: 12263:Rudolf Steiner 12260: 12255: 12250: 12245: 12240: 12235: 12230: 12228:Ahn Sahng-hong 12225: 12220: 12215: 12213:Helena Roerich 12210: 12205: 12200: 12195: 12190: 12185: 12180: 12175: 12170: 12168:Sun Myung Moon 12165: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12145: 12140: 12135: 12130: 12125: 12123:L. Ron Hubbard 12120: 12115: 12113:Kelsang Gyatso 12110: 12105: 12100: 12095: 12090: 12085: 12080: 12075: 12070: 12065: 12060: 12055: 12050: 12045: 12040: 12035: 12030: 12025: 12023:Noble Drew Ali 12020: 12014: 12012: 12008: 12007: 12005: 12004: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11924: 11923: 11922: 11912: 11907: 11902: 11900:Sukyo Mahikari 11897: 11896: 11895: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11859: 11858: 11857: 11856: 11846: 11841: 11840: 11839: 11834: 11819: 11814: 11809: 11808: 11807: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11750:Peoples Temple 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11731: 11730: 11725: 11715: 11710: 11705: 11703:The New Church 11700: 11695: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11679: 11678: 11673: 11668: 11658: 11653: 11648: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11627:Jewish Renewal 11624: 11619: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11574: 11572:Friends of Man 11569: 11564: 11559: 11554: 11549: 11544: 11539: 11534: 11529: 11524: 11519: 11514: 11513: 11512: 11507: 11502: 11487: 11486: 11485: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11458:Brahma Kumaris 11455: 11450: 11444:Bible Students 11441: 11436: 11431: 11426: 11421: 11416: 11411: 11406: 11405: 11404: 11394: 11389: 11388: 11387: 11382: 11372: 11362: 11360: 11356: 11355: 11348: 11347: 11340: 11333: 11325: 11316: 11315: 11313: 11312: 11305: 11300: 11293: 11286: 11281: 11276: 11269: 11264: 11259: 11254: 11247: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11193: 11188: 11183: 11178: 11172: 11170: 11162: 11161: 11159: 11158: 11153: 11146: 11139: 11132: 11125: 11123:Mephistopheles 11120: 11115: 11114: 11113: 11101: 11100: 11099: 11092: 11082:Goethe's Faust 11078: 11072: 11070: 11066: 11065: 11063: 11062: 11057: 11056:The Wicked One 11054: 11049: 11046: 11041: 11039:The Dark Demon 11036: 11033: 11030: 11027: 11022: 11017: 11012: 11009: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10958: 10953: 10947: 10945: 10941: 10940: 10938: 10937: 10932: 10927: 10921: 10919: 10915: 10914: 10907: 10905: 10903: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10887: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10867: 10862: 10857: 10851: 10849: 10845: 10844: 10835: 10834: 10827: 10820: 10812: 10806: 10805: 10779: 10765: 10764:External links 10762: 10761: 10760: 10754: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10713: 10707: 10689: 10683: 10663: 10657: 10636: 10631:978-0582438064 10630: 10614: 10604:(3): 523–541. 10593: 10583:(2): 251–283. 10572: 10563: 10553:(1): 103–124. 10542: 10536: 10515: 10509: 10488: 10483:978-1612199306 10482: 10469: 10463: 10436: 10423: 10410: 10401: 10392: 10386: 10369: 10363: 10346: 10340: 10327: 10321: 10292: 10286: 10261: 10255: 10236: 10215: 10209: 10191: 10185: 10170: 10164: 10149: 10140: 10134: 10126:Berghahn Books 10113: 10107: 10091: 10085: 10077:AltaMira Press 10064: 10050: 10024: 10018: 9997: 9984: 9958:Harvey, Graham 9954: 9937: 9928: 9922: 9902: 9896: 9875: 9870:978-0313050787 9869: 9842: 9830: 9824: 9793: 9776: 9759: 9746: 9741:978-0195181104 9740: 9717: 9703: 9662: 9649: 9643: 9626: 9621:978-0500511404 9620: 9607: 9589:(3): 255–271. 9578: 9569: 9557: 9551: 9534: 9528: 9507: 9501: 9488: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9470: 9458: 9456:, p. 481. 9446: 9434: 9422: 9420:, p. 482. 9410: 9408:, p. 479. 9398: 9396:, p. 480. 9383: 9358: 9356:, p. 471. 9346: 9334: 9332:, p. 470. 9322: 9320:, p. 469. 9307: 9295: 9293:, p. 468. 9283: 9271: 9269:, p. 467. 9256: 9244: 9220: 9199: 9172: 9154: 9135: 9122: 9108: 9090: 9076: 9048: 9046:, p. 171. 9036: 9034:, p. 160. 9024: 9022:, p. 159. 9012: 9010:, p. 157. 9000: 8998:, p. 153. 8988: 8976: 8964: 8962:, p. 209. 8952: 8950:, p. 183. 8940: 8928: 8916: 8904: 8892: 8880: 8878:, p. 143. 8865: 8863:, p. 142. 8853: 8851:, p. 146. 8841: 8839:, p. 158. 8829: 8827:, p. 138. 8814: 8757: 8750: 8738:Lewis, James. 8730: 8710: 8692:(in Finnish). 8681: 8666: 8664:, p. 122. 8654: 8652:, p. 446. 8639: 8637:, p. 445. 8624: 8622:, p. 130. 8612: 8600: 8575: 8568: 8543: 8525: 8505: 8498: 8480: 8455: 8430: 8415: 8385: 8379:978-1927066034 8378: 8353: 8317: 8296: 8268: 8229: 8217: 8201: 8187: 8165: 8163: 8162: 8145: 8127: 8109: 8084: 8082:, p. 292. 8072: 8070:, p. 207. 8060: 8058:, p. 114. 8048: 8046:, p. 237. 8032: 8016: 8014:, p. 219. 8004: 8002:, p. 155. 7988: 7986:, p. 252. 7978:, p. 88; 7964: 7955: 7940: 7938:, p. 236. 7928: 7926:, p. 107. 7916: 7914:, p. 256. 7901: 7899:, p. 293. 7889: 7887:, p. 267. 7883:, p. 53; 7873: 7864: 7862:, p. 207. 7844: 7824: 7822:, p. 256. 7805: 7777: 7775:, p. 223. 7771:, p. 93; 7761: 7759:, p. 435. 7749: 7737: 7725: 7723:, p. 436. 7705: 7703:, p. 218. 7689: 7673: 7661: 7659:, p. 390. 7649: 7628: 7619: 7616:on 2007-07-12. 7592: 7585: 7579:. p. 82. 7558: 7533: 7508: 7483: 7454: 7425: 7398: 7373: 7351: 7330: 7306: 7270: 7254: 7230: 7228:, p. 220. 7215: 7213:, p. 219. 7200: 7198:, p. 376. 7196:van Luijk 2016 7194:, p. 95; 7184: 7153: 7151:, p. 326. 7149:van Luijk 2016 7141: 7128: 7102: 7077: 7056: 7031: 7003: 6991: 6978: 6962: 6953: 6951:, p. 529. 6941: 6913: 6894: 6885: 6883:, p. 375. 6881:van Luijk 2016 6870: 6868:, p. 376. 6866:van Luijk 2016 6858: 6846: 6821: 6819:, p. 366. 6817:van Luijk 2016 6809: 6807:, p. 367. 6805:van Luijk 2016 6803:, p. 95; 6799:, p. 97; 6789: 6787:, p. 366. 6785:van Luijk 2016 6773: 6761: 6757:Petersen 2009a 6749: 6747:, p. 129. 6734: 6732:, p. 289. 6722: 6700: 6688: 6676: 6664: 6655:, p. 169. 6645: 6633: 6627:LaVey, Anton | 6620: 6618:, p. 107. 6604: 6592: 6577: 6575:, p. 109. 6562: 6517: 6505: 6481: 6456: 6441: 6396: 6368: 6356: 6311: 6295: 6268: 6249: 6204: 6195: 6183: 6171: 6159: 6136: 6118: 6106: 6094: 6092:, p. 532. 6082: 6069: 6056: 6043: 6028: 6026:, p. 531. 6016: 6004: 6002:, p. 536. 5992: 5990:, p. 523. 5977: 5975:, p. 535. 5965: 5963:, p. 528. 5953: 5936: 5919: 5905: 5893: 5878: 5876:, p. 517. 5862: 5850: 5848:, p. 280. 5838: 5836:, p. 278. 5823: 5808: 5806:, p. 277. 5796: 5784: 5772: 5755: 5740: 5738:, p. 175. 5728: 5712: 5699: 5679: 5677:, p. 227. 5667: 5652: 5640: 5623: 5611: 5594: 5592:, p. 107. 5579: 5567: 5555: 5543: 5541:, p. 120. 5539:van Luijk 2016 5528: 5524:van Luijk 2016 5516: 5512:van Luijk 2016 5504: 5500:van Luijk 2016 5492: 5488:van Luijk 2016 5480: 5476:van Luijk 2016 5468: 5464:van Luijk 2016 5456: 5452:van Luijk 2016 5444: 5429: 5425:van Luijk 2016 5417: 5415:, p. 108. 5413:van Luijk 2016 5402: 5398:van Luijk 2016 5390: 5386:van Luijk 2016 5374: 5353: 5334: 5330:van Luijk 2016 5319: 5304: 5292: 5288:van Luijk 2016 5286:, p. 28; 5276: 5259: 5244: 5219: 5164: 5091: 5040: 5028: 5016: 4981: 4972: 4954: 4941: 4939:, p. 456. 4929: 4913: 4901: 4899:, p. 249. 4889: 4887:, p. 213. 4874: 4862: 4850: 4838: 4826: 4810: 4798: 4796:, p. 183. 4786: 4774: 4758: 4746: 4730: 4728:, p. 372. 4715: 4713:, p. 381. 4709:, p. 13; 4699: 4684: 4669: 4653: 4651:, p. 161. 4641: 4629: 4617: 4605: 4593: 4581: 4569: 4544: 4532: 4520: 4508: 4496: 4484: 4472: 4468:van Luijk 2016 4457: 4453:van Luijk 2016 4445: 4441:van Luijk 2016 4429: 4409: 4394: 4375: 4363: 4348: 4336: 4332:van Luijk 2016 4324: 4320:van Luijk 2016 4308: 4304:van Luijk 2016 4291: 4279: 4267: 4255: 4243: 4239:van Luijk 2016 4231: 4227:van Luijk 2016 4219: 4217:, p. 126. 4207: 4203:van Luijk 2016 4195: 4191:van Luijk 2016 4183: 4179:van Luijk 2016 4171: 4167:van Luijk 2016 4159: 4155:van Luijk 2016 4144: 4140:van Luijk 2016 4132: 4123: 4098: 4073: 4049: 4047:, p. 525. 4032: 4013: 3989: 3987:, p. 151. 3985:Gallagher 2006 3977: 3962: 3958:van Luijk 2016 3950: 3927: 3900: 3888: 3861: 3852: 3843: 3828: 3824:van Luijk 2016 3807: 3790: 3778: 3766: 3754: 3742: 3730: 3726:van Luijk 2016 3724:, p. 51; 3714: 3702: 3698:van Luijk 2016 3690: 3678: 3663: 3648: 3633: 3621: 3609: 3605:Petersen 2009a 3592: 3567: 3530: 3526:van Luijk 2016 3515: 3511:van Luijk 2016 3494: 3487: 3467: 3455: 3432: 3389: 3382: 3340: 3321: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3276: 3275: 3266: 3257: 3248: 3231: 3229: 3228: 3195: 3178: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3166: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3137: 3136: 3122: 3106: 3103: 3037:serial killers 2971: 2968: 2922: 2919: 2916: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2894: 2893: 2890: 2889:98,890 (0.3%) 2887: 2883: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2861: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2850: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2828: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2817: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2806: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2748: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2736: 2735:1,250 (21.2%) 2733: 2730: 2726: 2725: 2724:2,755 (46.8%) 2722: 2719: 2715: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2704: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2677:2,460 (41.8%) 2675: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2666:3,430 (58.2%) 2664: 2661: 2658: 2654: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2643: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2616: 2613: 2572:James R. Lewis 2525: 2519: 2516: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2506:that included 2492:life in prison 2480: 2472: 2465: 2436: 2435: 2432: 2404: 2401: 2389:Main article: 2378: 2375: 2367:anti-Christian 2227:Main article: 2224: 2221: 2134:Main article: 2131: 2128: 2092:left-hand path 2078:Main article: 2075: 2072: 2048: 2045: 2025:Main article: 2022: 2019: 1999:Nietzscheanism 1983:Lucien Greaves 1964:literary Satan 1936:Main article: 1933: 1930: 1899:Lucien Greaves 1825:Arthur Desmond 1802:James R. Lewis 1756:James R. Lewis 1725: 1722: 1718: 1715: 1703:Communist Bloc 1694: 1693: 1687: 1673: 1672: 1646: 1624: 1611: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1584:self religions 1567: 1564: 1560:Garden of Eden 1388: 1385: 1254:William Godwin 1246:Joseph Johnson 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1154:Main article: 1151: 1148: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1109:Pentecostalist 1062: 1049:Main article: 1046: 1043: 909:Hellfire Clubs 888:Charles Darwin 849:Jules Michelet 827: 824: 807:Main article: 804: 801: 776: 773: 656:took place in 566: 563: 548: 545: 520: 517: 511: 508: 489:James R. Lewis 481: 480: 454: 453: 438: 437: 426: 425: 418: 417: 416: 413: 410: 404: 403: 400: 397: 394: 386: 383: 356:work of 1559, 346:Roman Catholic 299:("to oppose") 281:Book of Samuel 267: 264: 260:Michael Pacher 254:Saint Wolfgang 245: 242: 234:Zoroastrianism 204: 201: 73:Left Hand Path 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12813: 12802: 12799: 12797: 12794: 12793: 12791: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12766: 12763: 12761: 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12747: 12744: 12743: 12741: 12737: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12708: 12706: 12702: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12667: 12665: 12661: 12657: 12650: 12645: 12643: 12638: 12636: 12631: 12630: 12627: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12601: 12599: 12595: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12552: 12549: 12548: 12547: 12544: 12543: 12541: 12539: 12535: 12529: 12528: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12507: 12504: 12502: 12501: 12497: 12495: 12494: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12474: 12472: 12468: 12462: 12459: 12457: 12454: 12452: 12449: 12448: 12446: 12442: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12425:Self religion 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12403: 12401: 12398: 12396: 12393: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12358: 12356: 12355:Doomsday cult 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12343: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12333: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12312: 12310: 12306: 12300: 12297: 12296: 12294: 12290: 12284: 12281: 12279: 12276: 12274: 12271: 12269: 12266: 12264: 12261: 12259: 12256: 12254: 12251: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12239: 12236: 12234: 12231: 12229: 12226: 12224: 12221: 12219: 12216: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12204: 12201: 12199: 12196: 12194: 12191: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12178:Nakayama Miki 12176: 12174: 12171: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12163:Nikkyō Niwano 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12134: 12131: 12129: 12126: 12124: 12121: 12119: 12116: 12114: 12111: 12109: 12106: 12104: 12101: 12099: 12096: 12094: 12091: 12089: 12086: 12084: 12081: 12079: 12076: 12074: 12071: 12069: 12066: 12064: 12061: 12059: 12056: 12054: 12051: 12049: 12046: 12044: 12043:Sri Aurobindo 12041: 12039: 12038:Shoko Asahara 12036: 12034: 12031: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12015: 12013: 12009: 12003: 12000: 11998: 11997:Word of Faith 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11921: 11918: 11917: 11916: 11913: 11911: 11908: 11906: 11903: 11901: 11898: 11894: 11891: 11890: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11855: 11852: 11851: 11850: 11847: 11845: 11842: 11838: 11837:Temple of Set 11835: 11833: 11830: 11829: 11828: 11825: 11824: 11823: 11820: 11818: 11815: 11813: 11810: 11806: 11803: 11802: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11720: 11719: 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11693:New Acropolis 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11669: 11667: 11664: 11663: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11597:Heaven's Gate 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11568: 11565: 11563: 11560: 11558: 11557:Discordianism 11555: 11553: 11550: 11548: 11545: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11535: 11533: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11511: 11508: 11506: 11503: 11500: 11496: 11493: 11492: 11491: 11488: 11484: 11481: 11480: 11479: 11476: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11437: 11435: 11432: 11430: 11427: 11425: 11422: 11420: 11419:Anthroposophy 11417: 11415: 11412: 11410: 11407: 11403: 11400: 11399: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11377: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11367: 11364: 11363: 11361: 11357: 11353: 11346: 11341: 11339: 11334: 11332: 11327: 11326: 11323: 11311: 11310: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11298: 11294: 11292: 11291: 11287: 11285: 11282: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11274: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11253: 11252: 11248: 11246: 11245: 11244:Satan Speaks! 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11198: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11173: 11171: 11169: 11163: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11151: 11147: 11145: 11144: 11140: 11138: 11137: 11133: 11131: 11130: 11129:Paradise Lost 11126: 11124: 11121: 11119: 11116: 11112: 11111:Dante's Satan 11109: 11108: 11107: 11106: 11102: 11098: 11097: 11093: 11091: 11090: 11086: 11085: 11084: 11083: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11073: 11071: 11069:In literature 11067: 11061: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11034: 11031: 11029:The Adversary 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10948: 10946: 10942: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10922: 10920: 10916: 10911: 10901: 10900:War in Heaven 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10888: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10852: 10850: 10846: 10842: 10833: 10828: 10826: 10821: 10819: 10814: 10813: 10810: 10804: 10800: 10795: 10791: 10790: 10785: 10780: 10778: 10774: 10771: 10768: 10767: 10757: 10751: 10747: 10743: 10739: 10735: 10731: 10727: 10722: 10721: 10710: 10708:0-394-57924-0 10704: 10700: 10699: 10694: 10690: 10686: 10684:9780804798990 10680: 10676: 10672: 10668: 10664: 10660: 10658:9780190275105 10654: 10650: 10646: 10642: 10637: 10633: 10627: 10623: 10619: 10615: 10611: 10607: 10603: 10599: 10594: 10590: 10586: 10582: 10578: 10573: 10569: 10564: 10560: 10556: 10552: 10548: 10543: 10539: 10537:9780333920824 10533: 10529: 10525: 10521: 10516: 10512: 10506: 10502: 10498: 10494: 10489: 10485: 10479: 10475: 10470: 10466: 10460: 10456: 10452: 10448: 10447: 10437: 10433: 10424: 10420: 10411: 10407: 10402: 10398: 10393: 10389: 10383: 10379: 10375: 10370: 10366: 10364:9780814756454 10360: 10356: 10352: 10347: 10343: 10337: 10333: 10328: 10324: 10318: 10314: 10310: 10306: 10299: 10293: 10289: 10283: 10279: 10275: 10271: 10262: 10258: 10252: 10248: 10247: 10237: 10233: 10229: 10225: 10216: 10212: 10206: 10202: 10201: 10196: 10192: 10188: 10186:9781009057349 10182: 10178: 10177: 10171: 10167: 10161: 10157: 10156: 10150: 10146: 10141: 10137: 10131: 10127: 10123: 10114: 10110: 10108:0-485-89006-2 10104: 10100: 10096: 10092: 10088: 10082: 10078: 10074: 10070: 10065: 10061: 10057: 10053: 10047: 10043: 10039: 10035: 10034: 10029: 10025: 10021: 10015: 10011: 10006: 10005: 9998: 9994: 9985: 9981: 9977: 9973: 9969: 9965: 9964: 9959: 9955: 9951: 9947: 9938: 9934: 9929: 9925: 9919: 9915: 9911: 9907: 9903: 9899: 9893: 9889: 9885: 9881: 9876: 9872: 9866: 9862: 9858: 9854: 9853: 9843: 9839: 9835: 9831: 9827: 9821: 9817: 9813: 9809: 9808: 9800: 9794: 9790: 9786: 9777: 9773: 9769: 9760: 9756: 9752: 9747: 9743: 9737: 9733: 9729: 9728: 9718: 9714: 9710: 9706: 9700: 9696: 9692: 9688: 9684: 9680: 9676: 9672: 9663: 9659: 9650: 9646: 9640: 9636: 9632: 9627: 9623: 9617: 9613: 9608: 9604: 9600: 9596: 9592: 9588: 9584: 9579: 9575: 9570: 9566: 9562: 9558: 9554: 9548: 9544: 9540: 9535: 9531: 9525: 9521: 9514: 9508: 9504: 9498: 9494: 9489: 9485: 9480: 9479: 9467: 9462: 9455: 9450: 9443: 9438: 9431: 9430:Dyrendal 2016 9426: 9419: 9414: 9407: 9402: 9395: 9390: 9388: 9372: 9368: 9362: 9355: 9350: 9343: 9338: 9331: 9326: 9319: 9314: 9312: 9304: 9299: 9292: 9287: 9280: 9275: 9268: 9263: 9261: 9253: 9248: 9234: 9230: 9224: 9209: 9203: 9189: 9188: 9183: 9176: 9168: 9164: 9158: 9150: 9146: 9139: 9132: 9126: 9120: 9117: 9112: 9106: 9105: 9100: 9094: 9088: 9085: 9080: 9066: 9062: 9055: 9053: 9045: 9040: 9033: 9028: 9021: 9016: 9009: 9004: 8997: 8992: 8985: 8980: 8973: 8968: 8961: 8956: 8949: 8944: 8937: 8932: 8925: 8920: 8913: 8908: 8901: 8896: 8889: 8884: 8877: 8872: 8870: 8862: 8857: 8850: 8845: 8838: 8833: 8826: 8821: 8819: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8792: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8779: 8774: 8770: 8764: 8762: 8753: 8751:9781312360211 8747: 8743: 8742: 8734: 8726: 8725: 8720: 8714: 8700:on 2016-10-21 8699: 8695: 8691: 8685: 8677: 8670: 8663: 8658: 8651: 8646: 8644: 8636: 8631: 8629: 8621: 8616: 8609: 8604: 8590: 8586: 8579: 8571: 8565: 8561: 8557: 8553: 8547: 8539: 8532: 8530: 8518: 8517: 8509: 8501: 8495: 8491: 8484: 8469: 8465: 8459: 8445: 8441: 8434: 8427: 8422: 8420: 8405: 8404:The Economist 8401: 8394: 8392: 8390: 8381: 8375: 8371: 8364: 8362: 8360: 8358: 8343: 8339: 8332: 8330: 8328: 8326: 8324: 8322: 8314: 8309: 8307: 8305: 8303: 8301: 8286: 8282: 8275: 8273: 8258: 8257: 8249: 8242: 8240: 8238: 8236: 8234: 8226: 8221: 8214: 8212: 8205: 8197: 8191: 8184: 8179: 8175: 8169: 8160: 8156: 8155: 8150: 8146: 8143: 8138: 8137: 8132: 8128: 8125: 8120: 8119: 8114: 8110: 8107: 8103: 8102:Hope not Hate 8096: 8092: 8091: 8088: 8081: 8076: 8069: 8064: 8057: 8052: 8045: 8041: 8036: 8030:, p. 54. 8029: 8025: 8020: 8013: 8008: 8001: 8000:Baddeley 2010 7997: 7992: 7985: 7981: 7977: 7973: 7968: 7959: 7953:, p. 88. 7952: 7947: 7945: 7937: 7932: 7925: 7920: 7913: 7908: 7906: 7898: 7893: 7886: 7882: 7877: 7868: 7861: 7857: 7853: 7848: 7842:, p. 87. 7841: 7837: 7833: 7828: 7821: 7817: 7812: 7810: 7794: 7793:New Statesman 7790: 7784: 7782: 7774: 7773:Granholm 2013 7770: 7769:Granholm 2009 7765: 7758: 7757:Petersen 2005 7753: 7746: 7741: 7735:, p. 94. 7734: 7733:Granholm 2009 7729: 7722: 7721:Petersen 2005 7718: 7714: 7709: 7702: 7701:Granholm 2013 7698: 7697:Granholm 2009 7693: 7687:, p. 32. 7686: 7682: 7681:Petersen 2005 7677: 7670: 7665: 7658: 7653: 7646: 7644: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7623: 7612: 7605: 7604: 7596: 7588: 7586:0-567-08269-5 7582: 7578: 7577:T&T Clark 7574: 7573: 7568: 7562: 7548: 7544: 7537: 7523: 7522:Bloomberg Law 7519: 7512: 7497: 7493: 7487: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7465: 7458: 7444:on 2017-01-16 7443: 7439: 7435: 7429: 7414: 7407: 7405: 7403: 7387: 7383: 7377: 7362: 7355: 7340: 7334: 7320: 7316: 7310: 7296: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7277: 7275: 7267: 7265: 7258: 7244: 7240: 7234: 7227: 7222: 7220: 7212: 7207: 7205: 7197: 7193: 7188: 7174: 7170: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7158: 7150: 7145: 7138: 7132: 7117: 7113: 7106: 7092: 7088: 7081: 7074: 7072: 7065: 7063: 7061: 7046: 7042: 7035: 7021: 7017: 7014:Ethan, Joel. 7010: 7008: 7000: 6995: 6988: 6982: 6975: 6973: 6966: 6957: 6950: 6945: 6931: 6927: 6920: 6918: 6909: 6904:, p. 34. 6903: 6898: 6889: 6882: 6877: 6875: 6867: 6862: 6856:, p. 97. 6855: 6850: 6836: 6832: 6825: 6818: 6813: 6806: 6802: 6798: 6793: 6786: 6782: 6777: 6770: 6769:Satanic Bible 6765: 6758: 6753: 6746: 6745:Dyrendal 2013 6741: 6739: 6731: 6726: 6720: 6719:New Testament 6716: 6712: 6709: 6704: 6698:, p. 94. 6697: 6692: 6686:, p. 92. 6685: 6680: 6674:, p. 50. 6673: 6668: 6660: 6654: 6649: 6643:, p. 91. 6642: 6637: 6630: 6629:Satanic Bible 6624: 6617: 6616:Schipper 2010 6613: 6608: 6602:, p. 80. 6601: 6596: 6590:, p. 96. 6589: 6584: 6582: 6574: 6573:Schipper 2010 6569: 6567: 6552: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6536: 6532: 6528: 6521: 6514: 6509: 6502: 6496: 6490: 6485: 6471: 6470:PBS News Hour 6467: 6460: 6452: 6445: 6431: 6427: 6423: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6407: 6400: 6386: 6382: 6375: 6373: 6365: 6360: 6346: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6322: 6315: 6308: 6304: 6303:Petersen 2009 6299: 6292: 6290: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6273: 6265: 6263: 6256: 6254: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6227: 6223: 6219: 6215: 6208: 6199: 6193:, p. 81. 6192: 6187: 6181:, p. 75. 6180: 6175: 6168: 6163: 6156: 6154: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6141: 6132: 6128: 6122: 6115: 6110: 6103: 6098: 6091: 6086: 6079: 6073: 6066: 6060: 6053: 6047: 6040: 6035: 6033: 6025: 6020: 6013: 6008: 6001: 5996: 5989: 5984: 5982: 5974: 5969: 5962: 5957: 5950: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5933: 5928: 5926: 5924: 5915: 5909: 5902: 5897: 5890: 5885: 5883: 5875: 5872:, p. 3; 5871: 5866: 5860:, p. 50. 5859: 5854: 5847: 5842: 5835: 5830: 5828: 5820: 5815: 5813: 5805: 5800: 5794:, p. 45. 5793: 5788: 5781: 5776: 5770:, p. 18. 5769: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5753:, p. 42. 5752: 5747: 5745: 5737: 5732: 5725: 5724:Dyrendal 2012 5721: 5716: 5702: 5700:9781615927388 5696: 5692: 5691: 5683: 5676: 5671: 5665:, p. 39. 5664: 5659: 5657: 5650:, p. 36. 5649: 5644: 5638:, p. 38. 5637: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5620: 5615: 5609:, p. 37. 5608: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5591: 5586: 5584: 5576: 5571: 5564: 5563:Petersen 2005 5559: 5553:, p. 66. 5552: 5547: 5540: 5535: 5533: 5525: 5520: 5513: 5508: 5501: 5496: 5489: 5484: 5477: 5472: 5465: 5460: 5453: 5448: 5442:, p. 31. 5441: 5436: 5434: 5427:, p. 69. 5426: 5421: 5414: 5409: 5407: 5400:, p. 70. 5399: 5394: 5387: 5383: 5378: 5364: 5357: 5350: 5348: 5341: 5339: 5332:, p. 73. 5331: 5326: 5324: 5317:, p. 30. 5316: 5311: 5309: 5301: 5296: 5290:, p. 70. 5289: 5285: 5280: 5274:, p. 28. 5273: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5257:, p. 29. 5256: 5251: 5249: 5234: 5230: 5223: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5180: 5175: 5168: 5160: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5107: 5102: 5095: 5087: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5056: 5051: 5044: 5037: 5032: 5026:, p. 21. 5025: 5020: 5006: 5002: 4998: 4997: 4992: 4985: 4976: 4969: 4963: 4961: 4959: 4951: 4945: 4938: 4933: 4927:, p. 14. 4926: 4922: 4917: 4910: 4905: 4898: 4893: 4886: 4881: 4879: 4871: 4866: 4859: 4854: 4847: 4842: 4835: 4830: 4824:, p. 15. 4823: 4819: 4814: 4808:, p. 16. 4807: 4802: 4795: 4790: 4783: 4778: 4771: 4767: 4762: 4755: 4750: 4743: 4739: 4734: 4727: 4722: 4720: 4712: 4708: 4703: 4697:, p. 15. 4696: 4691: 4689: 4682:, p. 13. 4681: 4676: 4674: 4667:, p. 66. 4666: 4662: 4657: 4650: 4645: 4638: 4633: 4626: 4621: 4614: 4609: 4602: 4597: 4590: 4585: 4578: 4573: 4559:on 2008-05-13 4558: 4554: 4548: 4541: 4536: 4529: 4524: 4517: 4512: 4505: 4500: 4494:, p. 71. 4493: 4488: 4481: 4476: 4470:, p. 66. 4469: 4464: 4462: 4454: 4449: 4443:, p. 66. 4442: 4438: 4433: 4425: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4405: 4398: 4391: 4389: 4382: 4380: 4372: 4367: 4359: 4352: 4346:, p. 70. 4345: 4340: 4334:, p. 38. 4333: 4328: 4322:, p. 37. 4321: 4317: 4312: 4306:, p. 36. 4305: 4300: 4298: 4296: 4288: 4283: 4276: 4271: 4265:, p. 58. 4264: 4259: 4253:, p. 57. 4252: 4247: 4240: 4235: 4228: 4223: 4216: 4211: 4205:, p. 28. 4204: 4199: 4193:, p. 25. 4192: 4187: 4180: 4175: 4168: 4163: 4157:, p. 24. 4156: 4151: 4149: 4142:, p. 23. 4141: 4136: 4127: 4112: 4108: 4102: 4088: 4084: 4077: 4062: 4061: 4053: 4046: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4028: 4022: 4021:Carlson et al 4017: 4002: 4001: 3993: 3986: 3981: 3974: 3969: 3967: 3960:, p. 16. 3959: 3954: 3947: 3945: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3924: 3922: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3897: 3892: 3885: 3883: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3856: 3847: 3841:, p. 44. 3840: 3835: 3833: 3825: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3804: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3787: 3782: 3775: 3770: 3764:, p. 53. 3763: 3758: 3752:, p. 52. 3751: 3746: 3740:, p. 51. 3739: 3734: 3728:, p. 19. 3727: 3723: 3718: 3712:, p. 21. 3711: 3706: 3700:, p. 18. 3699: 3694: 3688:, p. 20. 3687: 3682: 3676:, p. 19. 3675: 3670: 3668: 3661:, p. 15. 3660: 3655: 3653: 3646:, p. 16. 3645: 3640: 3638: 3631:, p. 14. 3630: 3625: 3618: 3613: 3606: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3582: 3578: 3571: 3557:on 2006-08-29 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3537: 3535: 3528:, p. 35. 3527: 3522: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3490: 3484: 3480: 3479: 3471: 3464: 3463:Thurston 2001 3459: 3452: 3450: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3393: 3385: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3344: 3336: 3330: 3329:Glustrom 1989 3325: 3311: 3307: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3285: 3270: 3261: 3252: 3245: 3241: 3240:Temple of Set 3235: 3226: 3222: 3221: 3216: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3205: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3188: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3164: 3163:Luciferianism 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3134: 3123: 3120: 3114: 3109: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3083:Varg Vikernes 3080: 3079:devil worship 3075: 3073: 3069: 3066:, joined the 3065: 3061: 3060:Mercyful Fate 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3019:— among them 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2997: 2996:Black Sabbath 2993: 2989: 2985: 2976: 2967: 2965: 2964:IRS 501(c)(3) 2960: 2957: 2953: 2952: 2947: 2944:In 2005, the 2942: 2940: 2937:request, the 2936: 2932: 2928: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2899: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2884: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2867:360,495 (1%) 2866: 2863: 2862: 2858: 2855: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2818: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2776:Non-minority 2775: 2771: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2760: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2727: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2716: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2705: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2694: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2628: 2624: 2622: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2597:reincarnation 2592: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2575: 2573: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2559: 2558:Satanic Bible 2554: 2553:Temple of Set 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2524: 2512: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2473: 2470: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2447: 2442: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2428: 2426: 2421: 2414: 2409: 2400: 2398: 2392: 2391:Luciferianism 2383: 2377:Luciferianism 2374: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2355: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2244: 2235: 2230: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2197:Yvette Cooper 2194: 2190: 2189:Graham Harvey 2186: 2181: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2150: 2142: 2137: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2107: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2081: 2080:Temple of Set 2074:Temple of Set 2071: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2044: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2028: 2018: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1967: 1965: 1960: 1956: 1951: 1948: 1944: 1939: 1929: 1925: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1906: 1902: 1900: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1883: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1785: 1784:Satanic Bible 1779: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1763:San Francisco 1759: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1740: 1735: 1731: 1721: 1714: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1681: 1678: 1677: 1676: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1639:materialistic 1636: 1632: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1588: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1544: 1541: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1513:Eugen Grosche 1510: 1507:In 1928, the 1505: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1482: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1456: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1436: 1435: 1429: 1424: 1421: 1417: 1414: 1409: 1402: 1398: 1393: 1384: 1382: 1378: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1358: 1354: 1349: 1345: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1315:Cain and Abel 1312: 1311: 1306: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1264:Paradise Lost 1261: 1260: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1235: 1231: 1230: 1229:Paradise Lost 1226:'s epic poem 1225: 1220: 1218: 1217:individualism 1214: 1210: 1202: 1198: 1197: 1196:Paradise Lost 1191: 1177: 1176:disappeared. 1174: 1169: 1164: 1157: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1136: 1134: 1133: 1126: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1110: 1104: 1102: 1098: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1084: 1077: 1071: 1069: 1061: 1058: 1052: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1031: 1029: 1025: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1005: 1000: 998: 994: 989: 985: 981: 977: 972: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 941: 937: 932: 929: 926: 922: 919:and later in 918: 914: 910: 905: 902: 898: 893: 890:'s theory of 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 872:Enlightenment 865: 861: 856: 850: 846: 842: 838: 837: 832: 823: 821: 817: 810: 800: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 772: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 728: 724: 720: 716: 715: 710: 706: 702: 697: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 650: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 623: 619: 614: 612: 608: 604: 598: 594: 590: 583: 579: 576: 571: 562: 558: 556: 555: 544: 542: 538: 534: 529: 527: 526:Temple of Set 519:Related terms 516: 507: 505: 500: 498: 494: 490: 486: 478: 474: 473: 472: 469: 467: 462: 457: 451: 447: 443: 442: 441: 435: 431: 430: 429: 423: 419: 414: 411: 408: 407: 406: 405: 401: 398: 395: 392: 391: 390: 382: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 340: 335: 331: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 312:Book of Enoch 309: 308:New Testament 304: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 277:Old Testament 273: 261: 257: 256:and the Devil 255: 250: 241: 239: 235: 231: 225: 223: 219: 215: 211: 200: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 176: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 125:devil worship 121: 119: 115: 111: 107: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 57:philosophical 54: 50: 43: 40:The inverted 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 12774: 12739:20th century 12690:Spiritualism 12525: 12500:Nova Religio 12498: 12491: 12435:UFO religion 12380:Neoshamanism 12248:Joseph Smith 12148:Lu Sheng-yen 12133:David Koresh 12063:Alice Bailey 11888:Spiritualism 11821: 11812:Santa Muerte 11728:Unity Church 11582:Fung Loy Kok 11439:Baháʼí Faith 11429:Armstrongism 11409:Ananda Marga 11359:Major groups 11307: 11295: 11288: 11271: 11249: 11242: 11223:Joy of Satan 11195: 11165: 11148: 11141: 11134: 11127: 11103: 11094: 11087: 11080: 11048:The Evil One 10848:In the Bible 10787: 10733: 10697: 10670: 10640: 10621: 10601: 10597: 10580: 10576: 10550: 10546: 10519: 10499:and London: 10492: 10473: 10445: 10396: 10373: 10350: 10331: 10304: 10269: 10245: 10231: 10227: 10203:. 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