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vessels. Now that
America had won its independence it no longer had the protection of the British navy and had to defend its own interests abroad. The idea of an American Navy was the subject of much debate between the Federalists who favored a strong navy and the anti-federalists who felt the money
214:
required for a navy would be better spent elsewhere. However the repeated threats from France and the
Barbary states of North Africa had given cause to now consider resorting to more forceful measures to procure the security of American shipping interests.
516:
Cooper, Hollis and
Jennings attribute this encounter to the command of Silas Talbot some months later. However, Jennings uses Cooper as a reference and Martin presents a clear argument for attribution to
358:
had been operating under the orders of Great
Britain as claimed, and the ship and her crew were released to continue their voyage. The American government paid a restitution of $ 11,000 to Great Britain.
777:
Original
Members and Other Officers Eligible to the Society of the Cincinnati, 1783-1938: With the Institution, Rules of Admission, and Lists of the Officers of the General and State Societies
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sailed south again a week later to escort a merchant convoy, but her bowsprit was severely damaged in a gale; she returned to Boston for repairs. In the meantime, Secretary of the Navy
1771:
414:, the captain of which was an acquaintance of Nicholson. The two agreed to a sailing duel, which the English captain was confident he would win. But after 11 hours of sailing
209:
was finally won there were few ships to speak of in the young
American Navy. The navy, like the army, was largely disbanded, with many naval vessels being sold or turned into
407:
almost immediately had to put in for repairs to her rigging due to storm damage, and it was not until 1 March that anything of note occurred. On this date, she encountered
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which was approved on March 27, 1794. Nicholson was commissioned as one of the first six captains in the reborn United States Navy on June 10, 1794.
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ordered all Navy ships to sea in late May 1798 to patrol for armed ships of France, and to free any
American ship captured by them.
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put to sea on the evening of 22 July 1798, commanded by
Captain Nicholson, with orders to patrol the Eastern seaboard between
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at Boston on
September 27, 1797, under the command of Nicholson. His first Lieutenant was Charles Russel. Upon her completion
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when it was established in 1800. He remained on active duty with the Navy for the remainder of his life. Nicholson died at
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at Boston on
September 27, 1797, under the command of Nicholson. His 1st Lieutenant was Charles Russel. President
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was a French ship operated by a French prize crew; but Nicholson, perhaps hesitant after the affair with
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was still not ready to sail, and eventually had to borrow sixteen 18-pound (8.2 kg) cannons from
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were named for him and other members of his family who served as naval officers: his elder brother,
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lowered her sails and admitted defeat, paying off the bet with a cask of wine to Nicholson.
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Tattered Ensign The Story of America's Most Famous Fighting Frigate, U.S.S. Constitution
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British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714–1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates
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Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy
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Houghton, Mifflin and Company, Boston and New York; The Riverside Press, Cambridge.
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to Boston. She arrived there on 14 May, and Nicholson was relieved of command.
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The vessel was designed by Joshua Humphreys, and built at Hartt's Shipyard in
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After departing from Boston on 29 December, Nicholson reported to Commodore
149:, on February 9, 1780, and had "a large family of children". They lived in
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The son of Joseph and Hannah Scott Nicholson, Samuel Nicholson was born in
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261:. Nicholson was the naval inspector who also oversaw her construction.
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133:("Old Ironsides"), and Nicholson was that ship's first commander.
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The frigate Constitution the central figure of the Navy under sail
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932:
A Most Fortunate Ship: A Narrative History of "Old Ironsides"
314:, when Nicholson found his first opportunity for capturing a
433:. Secretary Stoddert had other plans, however, and recalled
257:, Massachusetts, under the supervision of master shipwright
1456:
Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms
326:, a 24-gun ship sailing with a French crew en route from
107:(1743 – December 28, 1811) was an officer in the
1067:
217:
866:
This People's Navy: The Making of American Sea Power
555:
98:("Old Ironsides") and as that ship's first commander
841:
History of the navy of the United States of America
779:. Strasburg, Va.: Shenandoah Publishing House, Inc.
429:on 27 March and, a few days later, the French ship
400:, released the ship and her crew the next morning.
386:, which had been taken prize by the French frigate
156:
3056:
2904:Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
1054:
811:
3090:Military personnel from Dedham, Massachusetts
1040:
821:(Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing.
19:For other people named Samuel Nicholson, see
705:
558:"The Frigate Constitution and the Avery Oak"
2017:Washington's crossing of the Delaware River
1000:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
741:
732:
723:
465:in 1811, and is buried in the crypt of the
306:. A month later she was patrolling between
2894:African Americans in the Revolutionary War
1148:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness
1047:
1033:
759:
750:
696:
687:
678:
551:
549:
200:
189:, which was used to capture three British
799:. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin.
994:This article incorporates text from the
960:
906:
714:
537:
535:
533:
453:Nicholson was an original member of the
444:
425:managed to recapture the American sloop
224:
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3057:
2899:Dogs in the American Revolutionary War
926:
91:, also as overseer of construction of
2811:
2736:
2664:
2235:
1571:
1405:Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania
1066:
1028:
792:
556:Worthington, Erastus (January 1898).
530:
3014:Daughters of the American Revolution
2812:
1364:Declaration of Rights and Grievances
382:intercepted the English merchantman
145:. He married Mary Dowse, sister of
3009:Children of the American Revolution
2889:Timeline of the American Revolution
845:Stringer & Townsend, New York.
738:Colledge and Warlow (2006), p. 306.
13:
3095:Commanders of the USS Constitution
1670:European allies of King George III
1526:British credit crisis of 1772–1773
1461:Committee of Secret Correspondence
1123:No taxation without representation
457:, and the first commandant of the
449:Coat of Arms of James W. Nicholson
322:, on 8 September, she intercepted
14:
3106:
3085:People from Chestertown, Maryland
3036:Museum of the American Revolution
1020:The American Revolution Institute
1008:
183:who at the time was commander of
21:Samuel Nicholson (disambiguation)
2924:Continental Currency dollar coin
2909:Women in the American Revolution
987:
136:
3019:Sons of the American Revolution
786:
768:
669:
660:
651:
510:
392:a few days prior. Technically,
16:Officer in the Continental Navy
2919:Continental currency banknotes
2007:Staten Island Peace Conference
642:
633:
624:
615:
606:
597:
580:"Papers of the War Department"
572:
562:The Dedham Historical Register
403:Upon joining Barry's command,
157:Service in American Revolution
1:
2737:
1713:German supporters of Congress
1411:Massachusetts Circular Letter
1015:The Society of the Cincinnati
524:
440:
366:, who was flying his flag in
1394:Committees of correspondence
965:. St. Paul: Seaforth / MBI.
793:Allen, Gardner Weld (1909).
292:before finally being ready.
7:
3080:United States Navy officers
3031:Charters of Freedom Rotunda
2236:
2062:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
2047:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781
1821:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
1476:Declaration of Independence
1441:Second Continental Congress
887:
835:
193:. Nicholson also commanded
126:he oversaw the building of
53:December 28, 1811 (aged 68)
10:
3111:
2914:Financial costs of the war
1421:First Continental Congress
1272:Royal Proclamation of 1763
1217:Second Rockingham ministry
1056:American Revolutionary War
870:The Free Press, New York.
860:
765:Martin (1997), pp. 38, 40.
477:The U.S. Navy ships named
463:Charlestown, Massachusetts
320:Charleston, South Carolina
113:American Revolutionary War
89:American Revolutionary War
57:Charlestown, Massachusetts
18:
3075:Continental Navy officers
2881:
2850:
2826:
2822:
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2768:Constitutional Convention
2748:Society of the Cincinnati
2743:
2732:
2657:
2552:
2396:
2389:
2334:
2253:
2246:
2242:
2231:
2188:
2110:
2096:
2070:
2037:Carlisle Peace Commission
1999:
1871:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga
1800:
1725:
1678:
1645:
1608:
1601:
1597:
1567:
1536:Hutchinson letters affair
1503:
1486:Articles of Confederation
1346:
1333:Proclamation of Rebellion
1245:
1197:First Rockingham ministry
1174:
1141:All men are created equal
1080:
1076:
1062:
796:Our Naval War With France
756:Hollis (1900), pp. 64–65.
702:Martin (1997), pp. 24–26.
612:Cooper, 1856, pp. 122-123
455:Society of the Cincinnati
83:
73:
63:
49:
35:
28:
2032:Entry of France into war
1647:Kingdom of Great Britain
747:Winfield (2007), p. 213.
711:Allen (1909), pp. 69–71.
503:
87:military service in the
2763:Ratification Day (1784)
2088:Second Anglo-Mysore War
1772:Northern after Saratoga
1752:New York and New Jersey
1426:Continental Association
1323:Conciliatory Resolution
1182:Pitt–Newcastle ministry
1155:Consent of the governed
815:; Warlow, Ben (2006) .
775:Metcalf, Bryce (1938).
693:Jennings (1966), p. 44.
684:Jennings (1966), p. 36.
542:USS Constitution Museum
342:, and brought her into
232:in Boston Harbor – 2014
218:First commander of USS
201:Post revolution service
3024:Sons of the Revolution
2753:Treaty of Paris (1783)
2083:Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
2078:Cherokee–American wars
1691:Franco-American Treaty
1546:Philadelphia Tea Party
1516:Treaty of Paris (1763)
1495:Confederation Congress
1088:American Enlightenment
961:Winfield, Rif (2007).
837:Cooper, James Fenimore
621:Hagan, 1992, pp. 21-22
488:, his younger brother
450:
421:Resuming her patrols,
378:. On 15 January 1799,
233:
2969:Washington's Birthday
2774:The Federalist Papers
2758:Evacuation Day (1783)
1811:Lexington and Concord
1511:French and Indian War
1451:Olive Branch Petition
936:Naval Institute Press
914:. Thomas Y. Crowell.
729:Allen (1909), p. 105.
720:Martin (1997), p. 33.
448:
370:, near the island of
228:
151:Dedham, Massachusetts
143:Chestertown, Maryland
43:Chestertown, Maryland
2974:Jefferson's Birthday
2964:Pulaski Memorial Day
1971:Guilford Court House
1622:Continental Congress
1399:Committees of safety
1374:Daughters of Liberty
1369:Virginia Association
1118:Rights of Englishmen
603:Cooper, 1856, p. 240
473:Namesakes and honors
264:Upon her completion
2102:colony or location)
2057:Newburgh Conspiracy
1916:Sullivan Expedition
1436:Provincial Congress
1227:Fox–North coalition
1166:Settler colonialism
1113:Freedom of religion
1070:American Revolution
666:Cooper, 1856, p.127
639:Cooper, 1856, p.127
374:for patrols in the
318:: off the coast of
207:American Revolution
3004:Semiquincentennial
2929:Libertas Americana
1359:Stamp Act Congress
1249:Acts of Parliament
1222:Shelburne ministry
1192:Grenville ministry
657:Hollis, 1900, p.59
630:Hollis, 1900, p.59
498:James W. Nicholson
451:
234:
117:United States Navy
3052:
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3047:
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2803:
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2790:Shays's Rebellion
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2653:
2652:
2620:Richard Henry Lee
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2218:
2071:Related conflicts
1941:Connecticut Farms
1721:
1720:
1614:Thirteen Colonies
1563:
1562:
1559:
1558:
972:978-1-84415-700-6
945:978-1-55750-588-0
928:Martin, Tyrone G.
862:Hagan, Kenneth J.
828:978-1-86176-281-8
675:Hagan, 1992, p.39
648:Hagan, 1992, p.39
496:and his grandson
494:William Nicholson
352:Benjamin Stoddert
344:Norfolk, Virginia
312:Savannah, Georgia
169:. He served as a
115:and later in the
102:
101:
3102:
2994:Sesquicentennial
2954:Independence Day
2858:Founding Fathers
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1931:Cape St. Vincent
1606:
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1599:
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1569:
1568:
1541:Boston Tea Party
1466:Halifax Resolves
1416:Suffolk Resolves
1207:Grafton ministry
1202:Chatham ministry
1098:Colonial history
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582:. Archived from
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467:Old North Church
459:Boston Navy Yard
354:determined that
205:By the time the
176:Bonhomme Richard
167:Continental Navy
161:Nicholson was a
109:Continental Navy
105:Samuel Nicholson
30:Samuel Nicholson
26:
25:
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2658:Colonial allies
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2342:King George III
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1995:
1976:Lochry's Defeat
1861:Assunpink Creek
1851:Fort Washington
1796:
1730:
1728:
1717:
1708:Hortalez et Cie
1679:Colonial allies
1674:
1641:
1610:United Colonies
1593:
1555:
1521:Boston Massacre
1499:
1490:Perpetual Union
1446:United Colonies
1379:Sons of Liberty
1342:
1250:
1248:
1247:Related British
1241:
1170:
1072:
1068:Origins of the
1058:
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813:Colledge, J. J.
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486:James Nicholson
475:
443:
416:Santa Margarita
411:Santa Margarita
259:George Claghorn
248:act of Congress
242:was one of six
223:
203:
181:John Paul Jones
159:
139:
124:George Claghorn
59:
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40:
31:
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2984:Minor holidays
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2816:
2815:Related topics
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2785:Bill of Rights
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119:. Along with
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2999:Bicentennial
2882:Other topics
2868:Liberty Tree
2840:
2780:Constitution
2772:
2677:Beaumarchais
2565:Samuel Adams
2503:
2316:William Howe
2311:Richard Howe
2211:West Florida
2196:East Florida
2170:Rhode Island
2165:Pennsylvania
2098:Involvement
2042:Gordon Riots
2027:Valley Forge
2022:Conway Cabal
2000:Other events
1762:Philadelphia
1660:British Army
1551:Powder Alarm
1481:Model Treaty
1403:
1161:Expansionism
1129:Common Sense
1127:
1002:
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962:
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787:Bibliography
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588:. Retrieved
584:the original
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435:Constitution
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423:Constitution
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389:L'Insurgente
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332:Philadelphia
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239:Constitution
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220:Constitution
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147:Edward Dowse
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130:Constitution
129:
104:
103:
95:Constitution
94:
3070:1811 deaths
3065:1743 births
2645:Witherspoon
2529:von Steuben
2484:Charles Lee
2201:Nova Scotia
2120:Connecticut
1991:The Saintes
1946:Springfield
1911:Stony Point
1841:Long Island
1826:Bunker Hill
1747:Nova Scotia
1338:Prohibitory
1328:Restraining
1318:Intolerable
1298:Declaratory
469:in Boston.
376:West Indies
211:merchantman
111:during the
64:Nationality
3059:Categories
2989:Centennial
2944:television
2795:Jay Treaty
2692:de Guichen
2600:Huntington
2560:John Adams
2499:Montgomery
2404:Washington
2367:Rockingham
2352:Barrington
2321:Knyphausen
2291:Cornwallis
2150:New Jersey
1981:Chesapeake
1936:Charleston
1891:Germantown
1886:Brandywine
1876:Bennington
1665:Royal Navy
1655:Parliament
1602:Combatants
1575:Combatants
1354:Loyal Nine
1287:Quartering
1257:Navigation
1103:Liberalism
1093:John Locke
1081:Philosophy
590:2011-10-06
525:References
517:Nicholson.
441:Later life
427:Neutrality
364:John Barry
336:prize crew
282:John Adams
171:lieutenant
121:shipwright
74:Occupation
2863:Diplomacy
2851:Political
2834:Prisoners
2738:Aftermath
2712:Vergennes
2687:de Grasse
2682:d'Estaing
2672:Louis XVI
2610:Jefferson
2575:Dickinson
2519:St. Clair
2504:Nicholson
2479:Lafayette
2439:Duportail
2409:Alexander
2377:Shelburne
2261:Arbuthnot
2100:(by
1966:Pensacola
1926:Gibraltar
1901:St. Lucia
1866:Princeton
1578:Campaigns
1431:Minutemen
1347:Colonials
1303:Townshend
1232:Loyalists
1175:Royalists
981:216617748
954:243901224
851:197401914
568:(1): 1–5.
481:Nicholson
479:USS
409:HMS
237:USS
197:in 1776.
128:USS
93:USS
2827:Military
2580:Franklin
2553:Civilian
2534:Sullivan
2524:Schuyler
2454:Hamilton
2429:Claghorn
2397:Military
2390:Colonial
2372:Sandwich
2335:Civilian
2281:Carleton
2276:Campbell
2271:Burgoyne
2254:Military
2180:Virginia
2155:New York
2135:Maryland
2125:Delaware
1986:Yorktown
1921:Savannah
1896:Monmouth
1881:Saratoga
1787:Yorktown
1777:Southern
1767:Northern
1757:Saratoga
1729:theaters
1590:Colonies
1581:Theaters
1384:Patriots
1294:up i.p.o
1282:Currency
1267:Molasses
930:(1997).
910:(1966).
891:(1900).
864:(1992).
839:(1856).
431:Carteret
372:Dominica
304:New York
278:launched
270:launched
244:frigates
68:American
2949:theater
2707:Suffren
2697:Luzerne
2615:Laurens
2585:Hancock
2570:Carroll
2489:Lincoln
2469:de Kalb
2459:Hopkins
2357:Germain
2347:Amherst
2286:Clinton
2247:British
2237:Leaders
2130:Georgia
1961:Cowpens
1906:Grenada
1856:Trenton
1803:battles
1782:Western
1637:Marines
1584:Battles
920:1291484
805:1202325
394:Spencer
384:Spencer
338:aboard
328:Jamaica
195:Dolphin
173:aboard
165:in the
163:captain
2841:Turtle
2665:French
2635:Revere
2630:Morris
2625:McKean
2590:Hanson
2514:Rodney
2509:Putnam
2494:Mercer
2449:Greene
2419:Arnold
2326:Rodney
2306:Graves
2296:Fraser
2206:Quebec
1951:Camden
1831:Quebec
1816:Boston
1801:Major
1742:Quebec
1737:Boston
1686:France
1587:Events
1504:Events
1313:Quebec
992:
979:
969:
952:
942:
918:
874:
849:
825:
803:
255:Boston
179:under
2595:Henry
2544:Wayne
2464:Jones
2444:Gates
2434:Clark
2424:Barry
2414:Allen
2362:North
2266:Brant
1292:Stamp
1277:Sugar
504:Notes
398:Niger
356:Niger
340:Niger
324:Niger
316:prize
186:Deane
2939:film
2839:The
2640:Rush
2539:Ward
2474:Knox
2301:Gage
1701:Navy
1696:Army
1632:Navy
1627:Army
1488:and
1262:Iron
977:OCLC
967:ISBN
950:OCLC
940:ISBN
916:OCLC
872:ISBN
847:OCLC
823:ISBN
801:OCLC
310:and
302:and
276:was
268:was
50:Died
39:1743
36:Born
2605:Jay
1308:Tea
902:Url
883:Url
856:Url
330:to
3061::
975:.
948:.
938:.
934:.
897:.
868:.
843:.
566:IX
564:.
560:.
548:^
532:^
500:.
346:.
1612:/
1157:"
1153:"
1150:"
1146:"
1143:"
1139:"
1048:e
1041:t
1034:v
1003:.
983:.
956:.
922:.
880:.
853:.
831:.
807:.
593:.
23:.
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