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impact on the marsh. Because saltmeadow cordgrass requires a salty, wet habitat, restricted tidal flow often dries out the marsh and encourages the growth of invasive freshwater plants. Saltmeadow and smooth cordgrasses are often out-competed for space by
450:. Specialized cells are able to exclude salt from entering the roots, preventing the loss of fresh water. This grass is, however, less tolerant of saltwater than some other marsh grasses. It can also grow on beaches and can quickly recolonize an
419:. It is a slender and wiry plant that grows in thick mats 12 to 24 inches (30 to 60 cm) high, green in spring and summer, and turns light brown in late fall and winter. The stems are wispy and hollow, and the
738:
as a weed in
Galician saltmarshes (NW Iberian Peninsula)". In Joseph Caffrey; Philip R. F. Barrett; Maria Teresa Ferreira; Ilidio S. Moreira; Kevin J. Murphy; Philip Max Wade (eds.).
616:
Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the
British Possessions. 3 vols. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Vol. 1: 223.
669:
Lonard, Robert I.; Judd, Frank W.; Stalter, Richard (2010-09-01). "The
Biological Flora of Coastal Dunes and Wetlands: Spartina patens (W. Aiton) G.H. Muhlenberg".
659:
Peterson, PM , et al (2014) A molecular phylogeny and new subgeneric classification of
Sporobolus (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Sporobolinae), Taxon 63: 1212-1243.
423:
roll inward and appear round. Because its stems are weak, the wind and water action can bend the grass, creating the appearance of a field of tufts and
1248:
561:
in areas where human activity has disturbed or altered the marsh. Common reed is not as productive or beneficial to a salt marsh as cordgrass.
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A healthy salt marsh depends on the presence of plants such as salt hay grass and smooth cordgrass. These grasses provide rich habitat for
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Saltmeadow cordgrass marshes serve as pollution filters and as buffers against flooding and shoreline erosion. During the
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on only one side of the stalk. Flowers are a deep purple from June to
October and turn brown in the winter months.
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were often settled based on their proximity to salt marshes due to the importance of saltmeadow cordgrass for
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1320:
476:. Mats of salt hay grass are inhabited by many small animals and are an important food source for ducks and
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While this species is a key member of the salt marsh flora in its native habitat, it is known as a harmful
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have been severely affected by filling, development, and road construction. These alterations restrict
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59:
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and north-eastern Mexico. It was reclassified after a taxonomic revision in 2014, but the older name,
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and has been dominating and crowding out native vegetation there. It has appeared in marshes on the
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1103:
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393:, may still be found in use. It can be found in marshlands in other areas of the world as an
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was baled and stored under cover, it was used to top the hay stacks in the fields.
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742:. Developments in Hydrobiology, Vol. 147. Vol. 415. pp. 213–222.
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533:. It was harvested for bedding and fodder for farm animals and for garden
41:
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The
Uncommon Guide to Common Life on Narragansett Bay. Save The Bay, 1998
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in other parts of the world. It is a notorious pest in the
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641:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
734:
D. G. SanLeón, J. Izco & J. M. Sánchez (1999). "
740:Biology, Ecology and Management of Aquatic Plants
668:
1596:
576:and alters the habitat of rare animals such as
572:, where it out-competes native plants such as
383:south along the eastern United States to the
465:, and birds, and serve as a major source of
446:zones where it is covered at times by high
625:
40:
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482:
580:. This cordgrass was introduced to the
14:
1597:
809:
808:
639:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
412:found in the upper areas of brackish
375:native to the Atlantic coast of the
24:
972:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77145292-1
596:, where it threatens native plant
25:
1651:
1404:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1036088-2
442:Saltmeadow cordgrass is found in
192:(Roth) P.M.Peterson & Saarela
431:, saltmeadow cordgrass produces
58:
1556:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75748-2
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683:10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00154.1
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13:
1:
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1630:Grasses of the United States
544:Many of the salt marshes in
7:
671:Journal of Coastal Research
10:
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1625:Flora of Southern America
1620:Flora of Northern America
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55:Scientific classification
53:
48:
39:
34:
1640:Plants described in 1789
552:, often having a severe
748:10.1023/A:1003835201167
712:Spartina.org Fact Sheet
521:, towns scattered from
570:San Francisco Bay Area
514:
499:
505:
486:
35:Saltmeadow cordgrass
723:Oregon Noxious Weeds
497:Martin Johnson Heade
427:. Like its relative
397:and often a harmful
365:saltmeadow cordgrass
18:Saltmeadow cordgrass
495:, c. 1872–1878, by
1050:Sporobolus pumilus
819:Sporobolus pumilus
588:with shipments of
515:
507:Sporobolus pumilus
500:
408:It is a perennial
395:introduced species
371:, is a species of
360:Sporobolus pumilus
344:Trachynotia patens
336:Trachynotia juncea
328:Spartina platensis
249:Spartina americana
186:Sporobolus pumilus
49:1913 illustration
1635:Grasses of Canada
1615:Salt marsh plants
1592:
1591:
1360:Open Tree of Life
944:Open Tree of Life
811:Taxon identifiers
757:978-90-481-5404-3
594:Iberian Peninsula
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574:soft bird's beak
566:invasive species
523:Narragansett Bay
478:seaside sparrows
429:smooth cordgrass
403:invasive species
367:, also known as
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323:(Curtis) Fernald
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311:(Michx.) Hitchc.
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284:(Aiton) St.-Yves
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472:for the entire
390:Spartina patens
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331:Mez ex St.-Yves
316:Spartina patens
304:Spartina patens
289:Spartina patens
277:Spartina juncea
265:Spartina juncea
260:(Michx.) Willd.
257:Spartina juncea
237:Limnetis juncea
229:Limnetis juncea
221:Dactylis patens
213:Spartina pumila
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643:. Retrieved
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598:biodiversity
563:
546:Rhode Island
543:
519:colonial era
516:
506:
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417:salt marshes
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399:noxious weed
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1308:NatureServe
1213:iNaturalist
1044:Wikispecies
892:iNaturalist
677:: 935–946.
645:24 November
559:common reed
489:Newburyport
459:crustaceans
124:Commelinids
98:Angiosperms
1610:Halophytes
1605:Sporobolus
1599:Categories
1378:kew-443813
1373:Plant List
1091:Calflora:
910:77145292-1
627:USDA, NRCS
604:References
554:ecological
550:tidal flow
511:high marsh
444:high marsh
155:Sporobolus
1490:Q39584849
1187:GrassBase
1101:Cal-IPC:
985:100408206
923:192156661
834:Q50346706
784:ignored (
774:cite book
699:129228658
691:0749-0208
582:estuaries
537:. Before
470:nutrients
385:Caribbean
373:cordgrass
269:americana
162:Species:
68:Kingdom:
1569:25528709
1564:Tropicos
1484:Wikidata
1434:VASCAN:
1417:25512527
1412:Tropicos
1313:2.155497
1254:10208404
1241:422462-1
1192:imp09545
1035:Q3492753
1029:Wikidata
992:VASCAN:
980:Tropicos
828:Wikidata
766:28046010
629:(n.d.).
463:mollusks
452:overwash
425:cowlicks
377:Americas
369:salt hay
320:monogyna
272:St.-Yves
267:subvar.
241:monogyna
199:Synonyms
140:Family:
111:Monocots
1530:75748-2
1517:4131400
1427:5411221
1179:5290026
1130:1114694
884:9478836
858:1114999
590:oysters
525:to the
492:Meadows
474:estuary
467:organic
433:flowers
414:coastal
379:, from
150:Genus:
144:Poaceae
130:Order:
72:Plantae
1543:788684
1463:395045
1424:uBio:
1386:PLANTS
1365:724103
1352:395045
1339:383682
1267:117271
1166:spapat
1163:FEIS:
1156:193463
1084:120912
1071:159724
1068:APDB:
1058:AoFP:
949:724103
936:180100
897:773004
764:
754:
697:
689:
586:Oregon
531:fodder
421:leaves
363:, the
339:Michx.
308:juncea
281:patens
244:Curtis
134:Poales
1504:6BZD2
1458:WoRMS
1297:NAS:
1280:41271
1249:IRMNG
1225:IPA:
1218:79166
1205:70745
1151:EUNIS
1143:SPTPA
1117:4YF4Z
995:30323
956:PFI:
871:4ZCQS
842:APA:
762:S2CID
695:S2CID
535:mulch
509:in a
454:zone
448:tides
437:seeds
410:grass
318:var.
306:var.
294:Aiton
279:var.
239:var.
224:Aiton
118:Clade
105:Clade
92:Clade
79:Clade
1551:POWO
1538:ITIS
1525:IPNI
1512:GBIF
1437:7962
1399:POWO
1391:SPPA
1347:OBIS
1300:1128
1290:2226
1275:ITIS
1236:IPNI
1228:6483
1200:GRIN
1174:GBIF
1138:EPPO
1094:7703
1079:BOLD
1061:3723
967:POWO
959:7693
931:NCBI
918:IUCN
905:IPNI
879:GBIF
853:BOLD
845:5045
786:help
752:ISBN
687:ISSN
647:2015
513:area
435:and
298:Muhl
216:Roth
207:List
1577:WFO
1499:CoL
1445:WFO
1321:NBN
1262:ISC
1125:EoL
1112:CoL
1003:WFO
866:CoL
744:doi
679:doi
675:265
584:of
539:hay
401:or
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