505:
over the roof, at which all the people cheered, much to the disgust of Jones. The next shot hit the walls but did little damage. After bombarding away with little or no effect till it was becoming monotonous, they attempted to blow up the building with a keg of powder. But this only made a big noise and a big smoke, and did not do much towards demolishing the house. At every failure the citizen spectators along the street set up a shout. At last Jones became desperate, and applied the vulgar torch, and burned the building to the ground. Jones was exultant. His revenge was complete. "This is the happiest moment of my life," he shouted as the walls of the hotel fell. He had made the "fanatics bow to him in the dust." He then dismissed his posse and left.
496:(who, along with Charles Robinson, had led the second group of settlers to the Lawrence city site in 1854) agreed to meet with the sheriff and discuss with him the situation at hand. Jones was clear in what he wanted: for the citizens of Lawrence to surrender all of their weapons. Pomeroy replied that he did not have the power to do this, as it was ultimately up to individual citizens to give up their arms. However, hoping to encourage Jones to leave the city peacefully, Pomeroy agreed to turn over the city's only artillery piece. While Jones did seize this cannon, it did not appease him, as Pomeroy had hoped. According to the Lawrence minister
407:, Certain judicial arrests have been directed to me by the First District Court of the United States, etc., to be executed within the county of Douglas, and whereas an attempt to execute them by the United States Deputy Marshal was evidently resisted by a large number of the people of Lawrence, and as there is every reason to believe that any attempt to execute these writs will be resisted by a large body of armed men; now, therefore, the law-abiding citizens of the Territory are commanded to be and appear at Lecompton, as soon as practicable, and in numbers sufficient for the execution of the law.
492:, Eldridge had prepared "an elegant dinner, the best that the fresh and abundant stores in the cellar could afford" (which included "costly wines") so as to placate the marshal and his men. Eldridge was interviewed by Donalson while the federal agent and his followers ravenously consumed the meal, then left without paying. Shortly afterwards, the marshal dismissed his followers, who were immediately deputized by Jones. Jones then asked to speak to a representative of the town.
1470:
48:
446:
389:, who was in Lawrence attempting to arrest Free-State settlers under the premise of events during the Wakarusa War. Lawrence residents drove Jones out of town after they shot him. On May 11, Federal Marshal Israel B. Donalson proclaimed that the "assassination attempt" had interfered with the execution of warrants against the extralegal
433:] in Lawrence had been constructed with a view to military occupation and defense, regularly parapeted and portholed, for the use of cannon and small arms, thereby endangering the public safety, and encouraging rebellion and sedition in this country" enabled Sheriff Jones and Marshal Donalson assembling an army of roughly 800
532:
was thrown in the river, their libraries were thrown out the window, and loose copies were either thrown into the wind to be carried off, or used by Jones's party to set fire to the Free State Hotel. When the newspapers were obliterated and the hotel had been brought to the ground, Jones's men then
504:
As soon as Jones had possession of the cannon and other arms, he proceeded to carry out his purpose to destroy the Free-State Hotel. He gave the inmates till five o’clock to get out their personal effects. When all was ready he turned cannon upon the hotel and fired. The first ball went completely
484:
Shalor
Eldridge, proprietor of the Free State Hotel, soon learned of the oncoming forces, and he journeyed out to meet them; he was told by Donalson that the posse would enter into Lawrence and attack if and only if the citizens tried to resist Donalson and Jones's men. Donalson and Eldridge then
469:(later to become the first governor of Kansas) was taken over as Jones's headquarters. Every road to the town and on the opposite side of the river was guarded by Jones's men, to prevent the free-soilers from fleeing. A number of flags were flown by Jones's men, such as the state banners of
334:
The human cost of the attack was low: only one person—a member of the pro-slavery gang—was killed, and his death was accidental. However, Jones and his men halted production of the Free-State newspapers the
1679:
343:, destroying the presses and offices (with the former ceasing publication altogether and the latter taking months to once again start up). The pro-slavery men also destroyed the
374:. The many pro-slavery settlers in eastern Kansas loathed the Free-State residents of the town (and vice versa). While the village had nearly been raided during the so-called
2607:
509:
It was the "Old
Sacramento" cannon that the pro-slavery forces made use of in their initial attempt to bring down the Free State Hotel. This weapon had been stored at the
2551:
1672:
562:
For a number of months after the Sack of
Lawrence, the city was without a free state newspaper. This was exacerbated by the fact that Josiah Miller, who ran the
1695:
208:
1665:
1258:
539:
After "Old
Sacramento" was recaptured, the free-stater Thomas Bickerton scavenged the lead type from the river and used it to make cannonballs.
2215:
1943:
1709:
671:
2602:
437:
settlers. This group planned to enter
Lawrence, disarm the citizens, destroy the antislavery newspapers, and level the Free State Hotel.
536:
One person—a member of Jones's gang—died during the attack, when he was struck in the head by a collapsing bit of the Free State Hotel.
1506:
981:
573:
The Sack of
Lawrence resulted in the loss of the city's only cannon. This would be at least one reason that Free-Staters would attack
2556:
1473:
201:
2355:
2021:
566:, decided not to start his former paper up again. The lack of a Lawrence-based news source ended when George Brown restarted the
547:
While the Free State Hotel was destroyed, Shalor
Eldridge purchased the charred remnants of the structure and rebuilt it as the "
477:, a flag with black and white stripes, and flags bearing pro-slavery, inflammatory inscriptions, such as "Southern Rights" and "
2617:
2518:
1704:
1251:
1207:
2612:
2238:
194:
1657:
1047:
2582:
1561:
1189:
1117:
957:
921:
685:
312:
2108:
1907:
1267:
1244:
596:
514:
381:
Abolitionists and Free-Staters at the time saw the sack as a reply to the non-fatal shooting on April 23, 1856, of
363:
2622:
1539:
1074:
780:
362:
was founded in 1854 by antislavery settlers from
Massachusetts, many of whom received financial support from the
232:
1590:
1499:
1409:
1365:
1349:
913:
1783:
1534:
533:
looted the half-deserted town. As they retreated, for good measure they burned
Robinson's Mount Oread home.
393:
legislature, which was set up in opposition to the official pro-slavery or "bogus" territorial government.
2336:
2126:
1878:
1306:
816:
765:
742:
653:
296:
252:
2155:
2150:
2131:
2102:
1860:
1788:
1546:
1455:
1430:
2379:
2330:
2177:
1854:
1331:
1170:
Griffin, C. S. "The
University of Kansas and the Sack of Lawrence: A Problem of Intellectual Honesty."
461:
On May 21, 1856, Jones and Donalson neared the town. A large force was stationed on the high ground at
277:
2592:
2448:
2431:
2413:
2182:
1613:
1607:
1492:
1199:
889:
The only cannon the free-state men possessed had been surrendered at the sacking of Lawrence in May.
415:
P. S.—No liability for expenses will be incurred by the United States until its consent is obtained.
2597:
2587:
2472:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
1414:
949:
577:
in June and August of 1856, as they hoped to secure the "Old Sacramento" cannon for their own use.
450:
2467:
1817:
1566:
1281:
1052:
591:
1019:
2384:
1991:
1985:
1777:
1583:
1551:
1316:
474:
434:
382:
300:
262:
73:
2477:
2300:
1799:
1793:
1301:
247:
619:. However, being inebriated, he aimed the cannon too high, and the shot missed the building.
2530:
2443:
2318:
2312:
2306:
2096:
1890:
1884:
1556:
1435:
1326:
1321:
1311:
1134:
1102:
Stark Mad Abolitionists: Lawrence, Kansas, and the Battle over Slavery in the Civil War Era
991:
870:
855:
390:
316:
272:
267:
257:
126:
1687:
513:
until then. The cannon would be recaptured by free-staters on August 12, 1856, during the
370:
headquarters of Free-State Kansas, which led to its becoming the epicenter of violence in
8:
2577:
2194:
2120:
1823:
1758:
1169:
1109:
909:
616:
520:
While Jones and his men were trying to bring down the hotel, the printing offices of the
466:
348:
104:
1136:
A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion
983:
A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion
872:
A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion
2324:
2232:
2027:
1835:
1829:
1726:
1388:
1027:
574:
551:". This building remained a fixture of Lawrence until 1863, when it was burned down by
548:
529:
424:
1164:
781:"The University of Kansas and the Sack of Lawrence: A Problem of Intellectual Honesty"
2512:
2506:
2437:
2360:
2090:
1996:
1731:
1639:
1404:
1185:
1113:
1105:
953:
917:
812:
761:
715:
709:
681:
556:
552:
493:
320:
143:
22:
2423:
2038:
2007:
1769:
1618:
1529:
1515:
1236:
1193:
738:
649:
371:
359:
324:
308:
420:
2282:
2263:
2257:
2188:
1913:
1752:
1286:
615:
Some sources maintain that it was not Jones who fired the first shot, but rather
586:
510:
497:
478:
470:
454:
386:
328:
304:
218:
153:
39:
2494:
2160:
1928:
1809:
1692:
1200:
Territorial Kansas Online: A Virtual Repository for Kansas Territorial History.
835:
677:
488:
344:
131:
100:
719:
2571:
2524:
2500:
2407:
2402:
2032:
1977:
1919:
1718:
1222:
1209:
945:
423:
by the first district of Kansas's grand jury that "the building known as the
2288:
2142:
2114:
2082:
1966:
1846:
1743:
1737:
1291:
1140:
987:
876:
375:
237:
2015:
1178:
462:
457:. The cannon was fired by proslavery forces during the Siege of Lawrence.
2224:
1078:
465:, and a cannon was placed to cover and command the area. The house of
2200:
1960:
559:(after which it would be rebuilt two more times, in 1866 and 1926).
2394:
2371:
2249:
1870:
1484:
47:
852:'Bleeding Kansas': The Border War in Douglas and Adjacent Counties
186:
942:
Lincoln's Tragic Pragmatism: Lincoln, Douglas, and Moral Conflict
445:
2274:
2347:
833:"Razing Hotel that Played Big Part in Kansas Slavery Fight".
378:
in December 1855, it was not directly attacked at that time.
315:
settlers from Massachusetts who were hoping to make Kansas a
1182:
The All-True Travels and Adventures of Lidie Newton: A Novel
2552:
List of incidents of civil unrest in Colonial North America
2459:
2049:
1952:
1688:
528:
newspapers were destroyed. The machinery was smashed, the
429:
449:
The "Old Sacramento" cannon captured by U.S. during the
714:. Vol. 1. Lewis Publishing Company. p. 545.
1020:"Old Sacramento: Cannon of Crisis, Cannon of Freedom"
1266:
2608:
American anti-abolitionist riots and civil disorder
1013:
1011:
1009:
2569:
1165:Eyewitness account of the Sack of Lawrence, 1856
1132:
979:
868:
735:Army Regulars on the Western Frontier, 1848–1861
646:Army Regulars on the Western Frontier, 1848–1861
413:United States Marshal of the Territory of Kansas
1196:and other events in Kansas Territory's history.
785:Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains
1006:
906:Empire and Liberty: The Civil War and the West
849:
778:
409:Given under my hand this 11th day of May, 1856
1673:
1500:
1252:
806:
755:
202:
16:1856 destruction of the Kansas Territory town
1192:). Historical novel relating to the sack of
1028:Douglas County Historical Society Newsletter
732:
643:
485:journeyed to the hotel, where, according to
1045:
975:
973:
971:
969:
1680:
1666:
1507:
1493:
1259:
1245:
899:
897:
809:Civil War on the Western Border, 1854–1865
758:Civil War on the Western Border, 1854–1865
209:
195:
52:Ruins of Free State Hotel after the attack
2557:Mass racial violence in the United States
707:
669:
1133:Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter VII".
1067:
990:: Lawrence Journal Press. Archived from
966:
869:Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter VII".
862:
711:A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans
444:
980:Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter VI".
935:
933:
903:
894:
701:
665:
663:
2570:
1099:
639:
637:
635:
1661:
1488:
1240:
828:
826:
802:
800:
798:
190:
1514:
1048:"The Law That Ripped America In Two"
939:
930:
660:
602:
1696:in the history of the United States
632:
216:
13:
2603:Riots and civil disorder in Kansas
2519:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
1174:34, no. 4 (Winter 1968): 409–426.
1017:
858:: Champion Publishing. p. 37.
823:
795:
670:Connelley, William Elsey (2018) .
311:, a town that had been founded by
14:
2634:
2507:Washington D.C. Know-Nothing Riot
1562:Haskell Indian Nations University
1158:
680:: Crane and Company. p. 53.
400:To The People of Kansas Territory
2239:San Francisco Vigilance Movement
2109:Destruction of Pennsylvania Hall
2022:New York anti-abolitionist riots
1908:Protestant Revolution (Maryland)
1469:
1468:
1268:Kansas in the American Civil War
1077:. Eldridge Hotel. Archived from
597:List of battles fought in Kansas
419:Donalson's proclamation and the
364:New England Emigrant Aid Company
46:
2356:Bath anti-Catholic riot of 1854
1126:
1093:
1039:
904:Scharff, Virginia, ed. (2015).
609:
295:occurred on May 21, 1856, when
914:University of California Press
843:
839:. March 30, 1924. p. X17.
772:
749:
726:
708:Connelley, William E. (1918).
1:
2513:New Orleans Know-Nothing Riot
1784:New York Slave Revolt of 1712
626:
354:
2618:19th-century political riots
2151:1824 Hard Scrabble race riot
2127:Muncy Abolition riot of 1842
1879:Gloucester County Conspiracy
817:University of Nebraska Press
766:University of Nebraska Press
743:University of Oklahoma Press
654:University of Oklahoma Press
542:
21:Not to be confused with the
7:
2613:History of racism in Kansas
2132:Philadelphia nativist riots
1861:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
1789:New York Conspiracy of 1741
1172:Kansas Historical Quarterly
1046:Drake, Ross (May 1, 2004).
580:
479:Supremacy of the White Race
327:that later became known as
10:
2639:
2380:Know-Nothing Riots of 1856
2331:Marais des Cygnes massacre
2325:Battles of Franklin's Fort
2178:1811 German Coast uprising
1855:Philadelphia Election riot
319:. The incident fueled the
20:
2544:
2487:
2458:
2449:New York City draft riots
2432:New York City Police riot
2422:
2414:Detroit race riot of 1863
2393:
2370:
2346:
2273:
2248:
2223:
2214:
2170:
2141:
2081:
2048:
2006:
1976:
1951:
1942:
1900:
1869:
1845:
1808:
1768:
1717:
1703:
1648:
1627:
1614:Lawrence Regional Airport
1600:
1575:
1522:
1464:
1448:
1423:
1397:
1381:
1374:
1358:
1342:
1274:
515:Second Battle of Franklin
453:in 1847 and taken to the
307:, attacked and ransacked
228:
172:
159:
137:
120:
56:
45:
37:
32:
2583:1856 in Kansas Territory
2473:Cincinnati riots of 1855
2156:1831 Snow Town race riot
2073:Cincinnati riots of 1841
2068:Cincinnati riots of 1836
2063:Cincinnati riots of 1829
1650:This list is incomplete.
1143:: Lawrence Journal Press
950:Harvard University Press
879:: Lawrence Journal Press
2468:Cincinnati riot of 1853
1567:Lawrence Public Library
1547:Perry–Lecompton USD 343
1100:Sutton, Robert (2017).
850:Litteer, Loren (1987).
779:Griffin, C. S. (1968).
440:
85:Border ruffian victory
2623:1850s political events
2385:Baltimore riot of 1861
2183:Nat Turner's Rebellion
2103:Philadelphia race riot
1992:Abolition Riot of 1836
1986:Ursuline Convent riots
1584:Lawrence Journal-World
1552:Bishop Seabury Academy
1540:Lawrence Free State HS
807:Monaghan, Jay (1984).
756:Monaghan, Jay (1984).
507:
458:
417:
165:abolitionist civilians
138:Commanders and leaders
74:Douglas County, Kansas
2478:Battle of Fort Fizzle
2408:Detroit brothel riots
2301:Pottawatomie massacre
1830:War of the Regulation
1794:Battle of Golden Hill
1223:38.96000°N 95.25333°W
733:Durwood Ball (2001).
644:Durwood Ball (2001).
502:
448:
395:
173:Casualties and losses
93:ended; production of
2531:Southern bread riots
2444:Buffalo riot of 1862
2319:Battle of Osawatomie
2313:Battle of Fort Titus
2307:Battle of Black Jack
2058:1792 Cincinnati riot
1891:Chesapeake rebellion
1818:Culpeper's Rebellion
1557:University of Kansas
1081:on February 24, 2017
1053:Smithsonian Magazine
994:on November 23, 2002
856:Baldwin City, Kansas
673:John Brown in Kansas
451:Mexican–American War
2337:Battle of the Spurs
2295:Sacking of Lawrence
2195:Baltimore bank riot
2121:Lombard Street riot
1778:Leisler's Rebellion
1635:Sacking of Lawrence
1282:Kansas–Nebraska Act
1228:38.96000; -95.25333
1219: /
1110:Skyhorse Publishing
940:Burt, John (2013).
617:David Rice Atchison
592:Kansas–Nebraska Act
467:Charles L. Robinson
425:'Free State' Hotel'
366:. The town was the
349:Charles L. Robinson
293:sacking of Lawrence
105:Charles L. Robinson
33:Sacking of Lawrence
2028:Flour riot of 1837
1836:Battle of Alamance
1800:1788 doctors' riot
1727:1689 Boston revolt
916:. pp. 58–59.
459:
321:irregular conflict
107:'s house destroyed
97:temporarily halted
2565:
2564:
2540:
2539:
2438:Dead Rabbits riot
2403:1849 Detroit riot
2361:Portland Rum Riot
2210:
2209:
2097:Fries's Rebellion
2091:Whiskey Rebellion
1997:Broad Street Riot
1938:
1937:
1885:Bacon's Rebellion
1732:Boston bread riot
1655:
1654:
1640:Lawrence Massacre
1482:
1481:
1444:
1443:
1431:Marais des Cygnes
1332:Marais des Cygnes
1106:New York City, NY
813:Lincoln, Nebraska
762:Lincoln, Nebraska
603:Explanatory notes
568:Herald of Freedom
564:Kansas Free State
557:Lawrence Massacre
553:William Quantrill
526:Herald of Freedom
522:Kansas Free State
494:Samuel C. Pomeroy
341:Herald of Freedom
337:Kansas Free State
299:settlers, led by
286:
285:
278:Marais des Cygnes
185:
184:
144:Samuel C. Pomeroy
116:
115:
95:Herald of Freedom
91:Kansas Free State
23:Lawrence massacre
2630:
2593:Lawrence, Kansas
2221:
2220:
2039:Astor Place Riot
1949:
1948:
1824:Cary's Rebellion
1759:Shays' Rebellion
1715:
1714:
1682:
1675:
1668:
1659:
1658:
1619:Lawrence Transit
1608:Lawrence station
1530:Lawrence USD 497
1516:Lawrence, Kansas
1509:
1502:
1495:
1486:
1485:
1472:
1471:
1456:General Order 11
1379:
1378:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1024:
1015:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
977:
964:
963:
937:
928:
927:
901:
892:
891:
886:
884:
866:
860:
859:
847:
841:
840:
830:
821:
820:
819:. p. 57–58.
804:
793:
792:
776:
770:
769:
753:
747:
746:
739:Norman, Oklahoma
730:
724:
723:
705:
699:
698:
696:
694:
667:
658:
657:
650:Norman, Oklahoma
641:
620:
613:
406:
401:
345:Free State Hotel
325:Kansas Territory
309:Lawrence, Kansas
223:
221:
211:
204:
197:
188:
187:
101:Free State Hotel
58:
57:
50:
30:
29:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2598:May 1856 events
2588:Bleeding Kansas
2568:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2536:
2483:
2454:
2418:
2389:
2366:
2342:
2283:Bleeding Kansas
2269:
2264:Charleston riot
2258:Lager Beer Riot
2244:
2233:Squatters' riot
2206:
2189:Blackburn Riots
2166:
2137:
2077:
2044:
2002:
1972:
1934:
1914:Stono Rebellion
1896:
1865:
1841:
1804:
1764:
1753:Boston Massacre
1708:
1699:
1686:
1656:
1651:
1644:
1623:
1596:
1591:Change of Heart
1571:
1518:
1513:
1483:
1478:
1460:
1440:
1419:
1393:
1370:
1354:
1338:
1287:Bleeding Kansas
1270:
1265:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1161:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1131:
1127:
1120:
1098:
1094:
1084:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1058:
1056:
1044:
1040:
1022:
1018:Butler, Maria.
1016:
1007:
997:
995:
978:
967:
960:
938:
931:
924:
902:
895:
882:
880:
867:
863:
848:
844:
832:
831:
824:
805:
796:
777:
773:
754:
750:
731:
727:
706:
702:
692:
690:
688:
668:
661:
642:
633:
629:
624:
623:
614:
610:
605:
587:Bleeding Kansas
583:
575:Franklin's Fort
545:
511:Liberty Arsenal
498:Richard Cordley
455:Liberty Arsenal
443:
414:
412:
411:I. B. Donalson,
410:
408:
404:
402:
399:
398:
387:Samuel J. Jones
357:
329:Bleeding Kansas
305:Samuel J. Jones
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2115:Buckshot War
2083:Pennsylvania
1967:Bellevue War
1920:
1847:Pennsylvania
1744:
1738:Knowles Riot
1705:Colonial era
1693:civil unrest
1634:
1589:
1582:
1302:Pottawatomie
1296:
1292:Wakarusa War
1204:
1181:
1171:
1145:. Retrieved
1141:Lawrence, KS
1135:
1128:
1101:
1095:
1083:. Retrieved
1079:the original
1069:
1057:. Retrieved
1051:
1041:
1032:
1026:
996:. Retrieved
992:the original
988:Lawrence, KS
982:
941:
905:
888:
881:. Retrieved
877:Lawrence, KS
871:
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851:
845:
834:
808:
791:(4): 409–26.
788:
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691:. Retrieved
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397:PROCLAMATION
380:
376:Wakarusa War
367:
358:
340:
336:
333:
313:anti-slavery
292:
290:
248:Pottawatomie
242:
238:Wakarusa War
147:
121:Belligerents
94:
90:
84:
64:May 21, 1856
18:
2497:(1853–1854)
2410:(1855–1859)
2285:(1854–1861)
2241:(1851–1856)
2163:(1841–1842)
2099:(1799–1800)
2093:(1791–1794)
2035:(1839–1845)
2016:Eggnog riot
1832:(1765–1771)
1780:(1689–1691)
1761:(1786–1787)
1734:(1710–1713)
1698:(1607–1865)
1535:Lawrence HS
1226: /
1075:"Our Story"
910:Oakland, CA
555:during the
463:Mount Oread
421:presentment
297:pro-slavery
127:Free-Stater
2578:1856 riots
2572:Categories
2225:California
1436:Mine Creek
1343:Combatants
1327:Osawatomie
1322:Fort Titus
1312:Black Jack
1214:95°15′12″W
1211:38°57′36″N
1147:October 2,
1059:October 2,
1035:(3): 2, 4.
998:October 2,
883:October 2,
720:7306841812
678:Topeka, KS
627:References
427: [
391:Free-State
355:Background
351:'s house.
317:free state
273:Osawatomie
268:Fort Titus
258:Black Jack
2216:1849–1865
2201:Snow Riot
1961:Honey War
1944:1789–1849
1710:1776–1789
1523:Education
1359:Campaigns
1085:April 24,
543:Aftermath
178:1 wounded
2424:New York
2395:Michigan
2372:Maryland
2250:Illinois
2008:New York
1871:Virginia
1770:New York
1610:(Amtrak)
1474:Category
1410:Brooklyn
1405:Lawrence
1366:Missouri
1317:Franklin
1297:Lawrence
1194:Lawrence
581:See also
524:and the
435:Southern
385:Sheriff
368:de facto
360:Lawrence
339:and the
303:Sheriff
263:Franklin
243:Lawrence
160:Strength
148:de facto
69:Location
38:Part of
2545:Related
1745:Liberty
1628:History
1389:Osceola
1375:Battles
1275:Origins
1184:(1998;
693:May 23,
471:Alabama
405:Whereas
2533:(1863)
2527:(1862)
2521:(1859)
2515:(1858)
2509:(1857)
2503:(1855)
2488:Others
2480:(1863)
2451:(1863)
2440:(1857)
2434:(1857)
2363:(1855)
2339:(1859)
2333:(1856)
2327:(1856)
2321:(1856)
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2275:Kansas
2266:(1864)
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2197:(1835)
2191:(1833)
2185:(1831)
2171:Others
2134:(1844)
2123:(1842)
2117:(1838)
2111:(1838)
2105:(1834)
2041:(1849)
2024:(1834)
2018:(1826)
1999:(1837)
1988:(1834)
1969:(1840)
1963:(1839)
1931:(1772)
1925:(1772)
1923:affair
1921:Gaspee
1916:(1739)
1910:(1689)
1901:Others
1893:(1730)
1887:(1677)
1881:(1663)
1857:(1742)
1838:(1771)
1826:(1711)
1820:(1677)
1796:(1770)
1755:(1770)
1749:(1768)
1747:affair
1740:(1747)
1188:
1116:
956:
920:
718:
684:
181:1 dead
81:Result
2348:Maine
1689:Riots
1576:Media
1350:Union
1307:Spurs
1023:(PDF)
253:Spurs
2460:Ohio
2050:Ohio
1953:Iowa
1691:and
1424:1864
1398:1863
1382:1861
1186:ISBN
1149:2017
1114:ISBN
1087:2017
1061:2017
1000:2017
954:ISBN
918:ISBN
885:2017
716:OCLC
695:2018
682:ISBN
530:type
487:The
481:").
473:and
441:Sack
347:and
291:The
103:and
61:Date
430:sic
323:in
168:300
2574::
1139:.
1112:.
1108::
1104:.
1050:.
1033:27
1031:.
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1008:^
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908:.
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825:^
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797:^
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662:^
652::
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634:^
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