972:
808:
1212:
59:
606:
35:
870:, the State Secretary of the Navy, gave the contract to Schichau before the 1909 budget had been approved, and the shipbuilder began stockpiling materials to build the ship. This gave the impression that Germany was building more battleships than publicly admitted, which prompted a naval scare in Britain. The British public demanded "we want eight and we won't wait", and in the span of a year eight new battleships had been laid down in Britain, a major escalation in the
1683:) of the fleet—intended to inflict as much damage as possible on the British navy to improve Germany's bargaining position, despite the expected casualties. But many of the war-weary sailors felt that the operation would disrupt the peace process and prolong the war. On the morning of 29 October 1918, the order was given to sail from Wilhelmshaven the following day. Starting on the night of 29 October, sailors on
1160:, though they failed to sink the old battleship. After three days, the Russian minefields had been cleared, and the flotilla entered the Gulf on 19 August, but reports of Allied submarines in the area prompted a German withdrawal from the Gulf the following day. By 26 August, I Squadron had returned to Wilhelmshaven.
1775:
low-quality coal. As a result, German capital ships were often supplied with poor coal, in the knowledge that their larger crews were better able to perform the increased maintenance. After 1915, the practice of spraying oil onto the low-quality coal was introduced, in order to increase the burn rate.
1092:
From 22 February to 13 March 1915, I Squadron was in the Baltic for unit training. Following their return to the North Sea, the ships participated in a series of uneventful fleet sorties on 29–30 March, 17–18 April, 21–22 April, 17–18 May, and 29–30 May. The fleet was largely inactive until 4 August,
1639:
took the ship in tow, and the main body of the fleet turned back to
Germany while Hipper searched in vain for the convoy. German intelligence had incorrectly placed the date for the scheduled convoy on 24 April, and after several hours of fruitless steaming, Hipper turned for port as well. By 18:37,
1398:
with her 4-inch guns. The shell struck a forward searchlight above the bridge and caused serious casualties. The officer responsible for directing the 8.8 cm guns was killed, along with three other officers on the bridge. The helmsman was incapacitated and the ship's commander, Captain Höpfner,
1171:
in
January. Scheer proposed a more aggressive policy designed to force a confrontation with the British Grand Fleet; he received approval from the Kaiser in February. Scheer's first operation was a sweep into the North Sea on 5–7 March, followed by two more on 21–22 March and 25–26 March. During his
748:
guns. After 1914, two of the 8.8 cm guns were removed and replaced by 8.8 cm anti-aircraft guns; later, an additional two 8.8 cm guns were replaced with anti-aircraft guns. This brought the total number of 8.8 cm SK L/45 guns to ten, and the number of 8.8 cm anti-aircraft
1774:
Because of the wartime situation, Germany had limited access to high quality coal, but was able to acquire lower-grade coal for its ships. The higher quality coal was generally reserved for the smaller craft, whose crews were less able to clean the boilers at the increased rate demanded by the
1197:. A short gun duel ensued before the Harwich Force withdrew. Reports of British submarines in the area prompted the retreat of I Scouting Group. At this point, Scheer, who had been warned of the sortie of the Grand Fleet from its base in Scapa Flow, also withdrew to safer German waters.
987:
was present during the first sortie by German fleet into the North Sea, which took place on 2–3 November 1914. No
British forces were encountered during the operation. A second operation followed on 15–16 December. This sortie was the initiation of a strategy adopted by Admiral
562:, armed with 28 cm (11 in) guns, were inferior to their British counterparts that carried 30.5 cm (12 in) guns. They sought to incorporate guns of the latter caliber in the next battleship design, though the significant increase in cost from the
1626:
and her sisters began the voyage back to the North Sea. A final abortive fleet sortie took place on 23–24 April 1918. Scheer had intended to intercept a
British convoy to Norway and destroy the escorting battleships. During the operation, the battlecruiser
712:(10,200 km; 6,300 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). After 1915 the boilers were modified to burn oil, which would be sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate; the ship could carry up to 197 metric tons (194 long tons).
956:
before returning to port, where they remained at a heightened state of readiness. War between
Austria-Hungary and Serbia broke out on the 28th, and in the span of a week all of the major European powers had joined the conflict. By 29 July
927:, alongside her sisters. After individual ship training exercises, she joined I Squadron maneuvers and then fleet maneuvers in November. The annual summer cruise in July and August, which typically went to Norway, was interrupted by the
1803:
German warships were ordered under provisional names. For new additions to the fleet, they were given a single letter; for those ships intended to replace older or lost vessels, they were ordered as "Ersatz (name of the ship to be
1267:
Shortly before 16:00, the battlecruisers of I Scouting Group encountered the
British 1st Battlecruiser Squadron under the command of David Beatty. The opposing ships began an artillery duel that saw the destruction of
1280:, less than half an hour later. By this time, the German battlecruisers were steaming south to draw the British ships toward the main body of the High Seas Fleet. At 17:30, the crew of the leading German battleship,
1192:
struck a mine while en route to the target, and had to withdraw. The other battlecruisers bombarded the town of
Lowestoft unopposed, but during the approach to Yarmouth, they encountered the British cruisers of the
1228:
which took place on 31 May and 1 June 1916. The German fleet again sought to draw out and isolate a portion of the Grand Fleet and destroy it before the main
British fleet could retaliate. During the operation,
1286:, spotted both I Scouting Group and the 1st Battlecruiser Squadron approaching. The German battlecruisers were steaming to starboard, while the British ships steamed to port. At 17:45, Scheer ordered a
1714:, and the rest of I Squadron remained in Germany. On the morning of 21 June 1919, the British fleet left Scapa Flow to conduct training maneuvers, and in their absence Reuter ordered the crews to
1163:
On 23–24 October, the High Seas Fleet undertook its last major offensive operation under the command of
Admiral Pohl, though it ended without contact with British forces. Weakened by
1012:
to raid
British coastal towns in order to lure out portions of the Grand Fleet where they could be destroyed by the High Seas Fleet. Early on 15 December the fleet left port to
1592:
Bank. Scheer conducted another fleet operation on 18–20 October in the direction of the Dogger Bank, though again they failed to find British forces. For the majority of 1917,
1370:
was now the fifth ship, stationed toward the front of the 24-ship line. At around 01:10, the German line encountered the six destroyers of the British 4th Destroyer Flotilla.
1339:. The ship was destroyed by several large explosions and sank at 18:35; most of her crew was rescued by German torpedo boats. Shortly after 19:15, the British dreadnought
1502:
and the other seven remaining dreadnoughts entered port, where those that were still in fighting condition restocked ammunition and fuel. In the course of the battle,
1732:" on 13 May 1920. The Japanese Navy had no need for the ship; she was sold to a British ship-breaking firm in June 1920 and broken up for scrap the following year in
1093:
when I Squadron returned to the Baltic for another round of training maneuvers. From there, the squadron was attached to the naval force that attempted to sweep the
1066:, along with the pre-dreadnoughts of II Squadron. They were too late, however, and they failed to locate any British forces. By 19:05, the fleet had returned to the
1573:
about a British unit in the area. By 14:35, Scheer had been warned of the Grand Fleet's approach and so turned his forces around and retreated to German ports.
1724:
was stricken from the naval register on 5 November 1919 and placed out of commission. The fate of the eight remaining German battleships was determined in the
1673:
was to take effect. The bulk of the High Seas Fleet was to have sortied from their base in Wilhelmshaven to engage the British Grand Fleet. Scheer—by now the
2991:
941:
937:
and the rest of the fleet then fell into a pattern of individual ship, squadron, and full fleet exercises over the next two years of peace-time training.
1847:
The compass can be divided into 32 points, each corresponding to 11.25 degrees. A two-point turn to port would alter the ships' course by 22.5 degrees.
1728:, which stated that the ships were to be disarmed and surrendered to the governments of the principal Allied powers. She was surrendered to Japan as "
1693:. The unrest ultimately forced Hipper and Scheer to cancel the operation. Informed of the situation, the Kaiser stated "I no longer have a navy".
1696:
Following the capitulation of Germany in November 1918, the most modern capital ships of the High Seas Fleet, under the command of Rear Admiral
887:
948:
before proceeding to the Norwegian fjords on 25 July. The following day the fleet began to steam back to Germany due to Austria-Hungary's
3112:
1053:
1049:
498:
1351:
could engage. She fired her 30.5 cm guns briefly during the 180-degree turn ordered by Scheer to disengage from the British fleet.
1085:
was severely damaged by an ammunition fire. As a result, Kaiser Wilhelm II removed Ingenohl from his post and replaced him with Admiral
1512:
was the only damage the ship incurred from enemy action, though a misfire occurred in the Number 4 port-side 15 cm gun. In total,
1026:, came to within 10 nmi (19 km; 12 mi) of an isolated squadron of six British battleships. Skirmishes between the rival
1013:
976:
2984:
1299:
was too far away to effectively engage any British ships. Shortly before 18:30, the German line came across the British destroyers
1825:
to bring the fleet back to Germany early. The Kaiser eventually overrode Bethmann Hollweg after he learned of the July Ultimatum.
1132:, could be eliminated. The Germans would then lay minefields of their own to prevent Russian ships from returning to the Gulf.
1062:
and the rest of I Squadron were sortied to reinforce the outnumbered German battlecruisers; I Squadron left port at 12:33
1555:, the two serviceable German battlecruisers, were supported by three dreadnoughts in a mission to bombard the coastal town of
2960:
2934:
2915:
2896:
2877:
2858:
2834:
2811:
2788:
2769:
2750:
2728:
2705:
2683:
2662:
1179:
883:
1290:
turn to port to bring his ships closer to the British battlecruisers, and a minute later, the order to open fire was given.
3097:
2637:
807:
2977:
1440:
Despite the ferocity of the night fighting, the High Seas Fleet punched through the British destroyer forces and reached
1123:. The plan called for channels in Russian minefields to be swept so that the Russian naval presence, which included the
1097:
of Russian naval forces in August 1915. The assault force included the eight I Squadron battleships, the battlecruisers
1790:) denotes that the gun is quick firing, while the L/50 denotes the length of the gun. In this case, the L/50 gun is 50
786:(KCA). Her main battery gun turrets were protected by the same thickness of KCA on the sides and faces, as well as the
1235:
was the fourth ship in I Division of I Squadron and the twelfth ship in the line, directly astern of her sister ship
3117:
2717:
Die Linienschiffe der Kaiserlichen Marine: 1906–1918; Konstruktionen zwischen Rüstungskonkurrenz und Flottengesetz
940:
The annual summer cruise to Norway began on 14 July 1914, despite the rising international tensions following the
592:
898:, including completion of the superstructure and the installation of armament, until August 1911. Named for the
3102:
3076:
1666:
971:
1814:
1813:
The primary reason the cruise was not canceled was to give the appearance of normalcy in Germany. Chancellor
1670:
1138:
and the majority of the other big ships of the High Seas Fleet remained outside the Gulf for the entirety of
1046:
675:
254:
1042:
871:
728:
guns in six twin gun turrets, with one turret fore, one aft, and two on each flank of the ship. The ship's
566:
421:
into the fleet on 1 May 1912. The ship was equipped with twelve 30.5 cm (12 in) guns in six twin
1034:, so Ingenohl broke off the engagement and turned the battle fleet back toward Germany, under orders from
2672:
Campbell, N. J. M. & Sieche, Erwin (1986). "Germany". In Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (eds.).
579:
class precluded another major qualitative increase until the 1908 budget year, two years after the first
890:, the Grand Duke of Oldenburg, gave the speech. After launching, the incomplete ship was transferred to
3000:
1835:
1139:
1124:
854:
659:
forward and a smaller, secondary conning position further aft. The ship was fitted with a pair of pole
542:
491:
378:
156:
2823:
Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien – ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart
2721:
The Battleships of the Imperial Navy: 1906–1918; Constructions between Arms Competition and Fleet Laws
1556:
1508:
fired fifty-three 30.5 cm, eighty-eight 15 cm, and thirty 8.8 cm shells. The hit from
1215:
Maps showing the maneuvers of the British (blue) and German (red) fleets on 31 May – 1 June 1916
1016:. That evening, the German battle fleet of eight pre-dreadnoughts and twelve dreadnoughts, including
1760:
1248:
1566:
1485:
1269:
1127:
931:. As a result, the cruise only went into the Baltic, in order to keep the fleet closer to Germany.
745:
326:
1543:
from 30 June to 15 July. On 18 August, Admiral Scheer attempted a repeat of the 31 May operation.
3060:
3051:
1254:
556:
1559:
in an attempt to draw out and destroy Beatty's battlecruisers. The rest of the fleet, including
1311:, which had been disabled earlier in the engagement. Naval historian John Campbell states that "
482:
on 31 May and 1 June 1916, the largest naval battle of the war. The ship also saw action in the
1818:
1361:
once, though her gunners had difficulty discerning the British battleship in the growing haze.
989:
385:
188:
1063:
783:
512:
487:
2673:
1612:
to block any possible British attempt to intervene. On 28 October the four ships arrived in
695:
238:
3014:
1725:
1690:
1142:, to prevent possible intervention by the Russian fleet outside the Gulf. The dreadnoughts
944:. During the last peacetime cruise of the Imperial Navy, the fleet conducted drills in the
837:
702:) and were capable of producing a top speed of 20.8 knots (38.5 km/h; 23.9 mph).
447:
389:
22:
1182:
on 24 April 1916 conducted by the German battlecruiser force. The battlecruisers left the
708:
stored up to 3,200 metric tons (3,100 long tons) of coal, allowing her to steam for 5,500
8:
3107:
2827:
The German Warships: Biographies − A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present
1791:
1383:
725:
628:
314:
174:
1569:, Scheer turned north and aborted the bombardment after receiving a false report from a
1565:, would trail behind and provide cover. On the approach to the English coast during the
1377:
1287:
1261:
1260:
battleships of III Squadron. The six elderly pre-dreadnoughts of III and IV Divisions,
1120:
903:
899:
867:
729:
550:
418:
87:
511:-class ships were allowed to remain in Germany but eventually ceded to the victorious
2956:
2930:
2911:
2892:
2873:
2854:
2830:
2807:
2784:
2765:
2746:
2724:
2701:
2679:
2658:
1697:
1473:
1424:
1340:
1300:
1211:
1206:
1035:
920:
768:
691:
679:
497:
After the German collapse in November 1918, most of the High Seas Fleet was interned
479:
432:
234:
228:
1079:
had been overwhelmed by concentrated British fire and sunk, while the battlecruiser
906:
into the High Seas Fleet on 1 May 1912, just over three years after work commenced.
3021:
2848:
2844:
1599:
1098:
1009:
1005:
605:
453:
3028:
1186:
at 10:55 and the rest of the High Seas Fleet followed at 13:40. The battlecruiser
459:
1364:
At around 23:30, the German fleet reorganized into the night cruising formation.
1168:
1071:
999:
975:
The High Seas Fleet's disposition on the morning of 16 December 1914, during the
924:
779:
620:
563:
516:
436:
2891:. Vol. 1: Deutschland, Nassau and Helgoland Classes. Oxford: Osprey Books.
2738:
1975:
1973:
1609:
1417:
until Captain Höpfner managed to reach the wheel and take control of the ship.
1275:
1164:
1067:
949:
879:
846:
660:
652:
414:
406:
97:
2969:
2800:
1074:
3091:
1711:
1674:
1540:
1491:
1463:
1194:
1116:
1086:
1030:
screens in the darkness convinced Ingenohl that he was faced with the entire
993:
992:, the commander of the High Seas Fleet. Admiral Ingenohl intended to use the
928:
733:
709:
683:
656:
526:
320:
285:
64:
34:
2016:
1970:
2850:
Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea
2693:
1589:
1536:
1479:
1429:
under fire; the destroyer was reduced to a flaming wreck. In the darkness,
1183:
1094:
1080:
1056:
ambushed the I Scouting Group battlecruisers, occurred on 24 January 1915.
840:
756:
741:
721:
664:
624:
332:
1602:, the amphibious assault on the Russian-held islands in the Gulf of Riga,
1444:
by 4:00 on 1 June. A few hours later, the fleet arrived in the Jade;
1655:
1646:
had been repaired enough to allow her to enter port under her own power.
1613:
1031:
1023:
895:
875:
668:
588:
573:
475:
440:
402:
358:
273:
2745:. Vol. I: Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
470:
participated in all of the major fleet operations of World War I in the
2910:. Vol. 2: Kaiser, König And Bayern Classes. Oxford: Osprey Books.
1822:
1701:
1617:
1441:
1143:
1104:
812:
775:
760:
648:
598:, but they ultimately settled on the same hexagonal arrangement of the
584:
502:
483:
422:
352:
346:
288:(10,190 km; 6,330 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
162:
1834:
The Germans were on Central European Time, which is one hour ahead of
1224:
was present during the fleet operation that resulted in the battle of
2821:
Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993).
1733:
1715:
1469:
1306:
1154:
were detached on 16 August to escort the minesweepers and to destroy
1149:
1027:
945:
916:
687:
640:
530:
471:
425:, and had a top speed of 21.2 knots (39.3 km/h; 24.4 mph).
260:
1718:
the ten battleships and five battlecruisers interned at Scapa Flow.
1247:. At the center of the German line was I Squadron, behind the eight
1167:
and unable to carry out his duties, he was replaced by Vice Admiral
1570:
953:
787:
737:
699:
636:
182:
1582:
and the rest of I Squadron covered an advance conducted by the II
671:. She had a crew of 42 officers and 1,071 enlisted men.
2531:
2529:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
1225:
2953:
Spoils of War: The Fate of Enemy Fleets after the Two World Wars
1958:
583:
s were ordered. The design staff experimented with a variety of
1633:
suffered mechanical problems and had to be towed back to port.
850:
494:
in August 1915, though she saw no combat during the operation.
410:
101:
2526:
2137:
2065:
2028:
857:
had been ordered for 1908, but because of budget constraints,
619:
The ship was 167.2 m (548 ft 7 in) long, had a
2820:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2022:
1979:
1620:
on 29 October. On 2 November the operation was completed and
1405:
was briefly steaming unsteered, and was in danger of ramming
1376:
fired on several of the destroyers at close range, including
764:
632:
178:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
755:
was also armed with six 50 cm (19.7 in) submerged
1794:, meaning that the gun is 50 times as long as its diameter.
1496:
anchored just outside the entrance locks to Wilhelmshaven.
891:
2502:
2473:
2113:
2077:
2004:
2829:] (in German). Vol. 7. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag.
2053:
1860:
1539:. The damage incurred at Jutland was quickly repaired in
882:
a little more than a year later on 30 June 1910. Duchess
2698:
The Kaiser's Battlefleet: German Capital Ships 1871–1918
2377:
2365:
2341:
1598:
was assigned to guard duty in the German Bight. During
1521:
s crew suffered eight men killed and fourteen wounded.
1437:
were sunk and the remaining four ships were scattered.
1335:, fired turret guns", as well as secondary weapons, at
963:
and the rest of I Squadron were back in Wilhelmshaven.
525:
was given to Japan, which sold the vessel to a British
2723:] (in German). Bonn: Bernard & Graefe Verlag.
2580:
2568:
2401:
2389:
2293:
2209:
2597:
2595:
2556:
2149:
1014:
raid the towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool, and Whitby
2546:
2544:
2281:
2161:
942:
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
778:
was 300 mm (11.8 in) thick in the central
2678:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 134–189.
2449:
2353:
2329:
2101:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1665:and her three sisters were to have taken part in a
740:in the side of the upper deck. For defense against
2799:
2781:"Luxury" Fleet: The Imperial German Navy 1888–1918
2592:
2461:
2437:
2425:
2413:
2317:
2305:
2269:
2197:
1946:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1903:
1891:
2675:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921
2671:
2619:
2607:
2541:
2514:
2490:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2185:
2173:
2125:
1964:
1345:came into range; she was the first major warship
682:, which were vented through three closely spaced
3089:
2089:
1985:
1915:
1784:In Imperial German Navy gun nomenclature, "SK" (
2999:
1927:
1879:
1838:, the time zone commonly used in British works.
919:in the Baltic. On 17 July, she was assigned to
845:. The contract for the ship was awarded to the
143:Ceded to Japan, 1920. Broken up for scrap, 1921
2985:
1700:, were interned in the British naval base in
1155:
952:. On 27 July, the entire fleet assembled off
799:s deck was 63.5 mm (2.5 in) thick.
655:that consisted primarily of a large, armored
529:firm in 1920. She was broken up for scrap in
2905:
2886:
2535:
2508:
2484:
2143:
2119:
2083:
2071:
2059:
2047:
2010:
1873:
1785:
1758:
1719:
1705:
1684:
1678:
1669:at the end of October 1918, days before the
1660:
1641:
1634:
1628:
1621:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1577:
1560:
1550:
1544:
1530:
1513:
1503:
1497:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1393:
1371:
1365:
1352:
1346:
1330:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1294:
1281:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1219:
1187:
1173:
1133:
1110:
1070:outside Wilhelmshaven. In the meantime, the
1057:
1017:
997:
982:
958:
932:
910:
858:
831:
825:
819:
791:
750:
715:
703:
623:of 28.5 m (93 ft 6 in) and a
610:
548:
520:
506:
465:
426:
393:
371:
75:
40:
2631:
627:of 8.94 m (29 ft 4 in), and
2992:
2978:
2950:
1038:to avoid risking the fleet unnecessarily.
977:raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
490:. She was present during the unsuccessful
439:for the majority of her career, including
1468:took up defensive positions in the outer
853:under construction number 828. Her three
824:was ordered by the German Imperial Navy (
2806:. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group.
1608:and her three sisters were moved to the
1524:
1423:and several other battleships then took
1210:
970:
806:
604:
505:during the peace negotiations. The four
2929:. London: Cassell Military Paperbacks.
2640:Section II: Naval Clauses, Article 185.
909:After her commissioning on 1 May 1912,
3090:
1817:repeatedly denied requests by Admiral
1689:and then on several other battleships
874:. Work began on 1 March 1909 with the
555:(Imperial Navy) acknowledged that the
18:Battleship of the Imperial German Navy
2973:
2872:. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
2870:Admiral Hipper: The Inconvenient Hero
734:15 cm (5.9 in) SK L/45 guns
492:first incursion into the Gulf of Riga
201:167.20 m (548 ft 7 in)
55:
2951:Dodson, Aidan; Cant, Serena (2020).
2764:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2714:
2655:Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting
2652:
2455:
2383:
2371:
2359:
2347:
2335:
2323:
1952:
1535:was assigned to guard duties in the
1264:, formed the rear of the formation.
1200:
690:. The engines were rated at 28,000
2924:
2867:
2759:
2601:
2586:
2574:
2467:
2443:
2431:
2419:
2407:
2395:
2311:
2299:
2287:
2275:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2215:
2203:
2191:
2179:
2167:
1921:
1640:the fleet was outside the Jade and
866:order was delayed to 1909. Admiral
547:Many senior officers in the German
446:Along with her three sister ships,
209:28.50 m (93 ft 6 in)
13:
3113:World War I battleships of Germany
2944:
2843:
2797:
2778:
2737:
2692:
2625:
2613:
2562:
2550:
2520:
2496:
2227:
2155:
2131:
2107:
2095:
1998:
1940:
1909:
1897:
1885:
1821:, the fleet commander, and Kaiser
902:in northern Germany, the ship was
802:
217:8.94 m (29 ft 4 in)
191:: 24,700 t (24,300 long tons)
14:
3129:
2955:. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing.
2700:. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing.
2657:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
2023:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
1980:Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz
1588:(Leader of Torpedo Boats) to the
746:8.8 cm (3.5 in) SK L/45
726:30.5 cm (12 in) SK L/50
815:touring the ship circa 1912–1914
678:. Steam was provided by fifteen
609:Plan and profile drawing of the
57:
33:
2927:Jutland: The German Perspective
2868:Philbin, Tobias R. III (1982).
1841:
1828:
1807:
1797:
1778:
836:, as a replacement for the old
736:, all of which were mounted in
276:(38.5 km/h; 23.9 mph)
3077:List of battleships of Germany
2853:. New York: Ballantine Books.
2762:A Naval History of World War I
1768:
1751:
966:
676:triple-expansion steam engines
327:8.8 cm (3.5 in) guns
315:30.5 cm (12 in) guns
255:triple-expansion steam engines
21:For the earlier ironclad, see
1:
2908:German Battleships: 1914–1918
2889:German Battleships: 1914–1918
2646:
1815:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
884:Sophia Charlotte of Oldenburg
872:international naval arms race
830:) under the provisional name
377:was the fourth vessel of the
321:15 cm (5.9 in) guns
1854:
1744:
1616:, and from there steamed to
790:that supported the turrets.
361:: 63.5 mm (2.5 in)
355:: 300 mm (11.8 in)
349:: 300 mm (11.8 in)
331:6 × 50 cm (20 in)
7:
3098:Helgoland-class battleships
2783:. Amherst: Humanity Books.
1274:, shortly after 17:00, and
1180:a raid on the English coast
1054:2nd Battlecruiser Squadrons
10:
3134:
2743:German Warships: 1815–1945
1653:
1357:claimed to have straddled
1204:
1125:pre-dreadnought battleship
591:layouts like the American
543:Helgoland-class battleship
540:
20:
3072:
3046:
3010:
2760:Halpern, Paul G. (1995).
1765:" ("His Majesty's Ship").
674:She was powered by three
536:
147:
50:
39:Recognition drawing of a
32:
2925:Tarrant, V. E. (2001) .
2798:Heyman, Neil M. (1997).
2779:Herwig, Holger (1998) .
1739:
1567:action of 19 August 1916
1045:, in which Vice Admiral
587:arrangements, including
417:on 30 June 1910 and was
3118:Ships built by Schichau
2715:Grießmer, Axel (1999).
2653:Campbell, John (1998).
1649:
1585:Führer der Torpedoboote
1392:scored a single hit on
1119:, 32 destroyers and 13
744:, she carried fourteen
386:dreadnought battleships
148:General characteristics
1819:Friedrich von Ingenohl
1786:
1761:Seiner Majestät Schiff
1759:
1720:
1706:
1685:
1679:
1661:
1642:
1635:
1629:
1622:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1578:
1561:
1551:
1545:
1531:
1514:
1504:
1498:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1394:
1372:
1366:
1353:
1347:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1295:
1282:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1220:
1216:
1188:
1174:
1156:
1134:
1111:
1058:
1018:
998:
990:Friedrich von Ingenohl
983:
979:
959:
933:
911:
859:
832:
826:
820:
816:
792:
782:, and was composed of
751:
732:consisted of fourteen
716:
704:
616:
611:
549:
521:
507:
466:
427:
394:
372:
76:
41:
3103:Ships built in Danzig
1965:Campbell & Sieche
1525:Subsequent operations
1214:
1043:Battle of Dogger Bank
974:
810:
608:
488:Imperial Russian Navy
405:in March 1909 at the
2906:Staff, Gary (2010).
2887:Staff, Gary (2010).
2638:Treaty of Versailles
1726:Treaty of Versailles
1576:On 25–26 September,
1487:Prinzregent Luitpold
886:christened her, and
838:coastal defense ship
784:Krupp cemented armor
474:against the British
390:Imperial German Navy
23:SMS Oldenburg (1884)
2589:, pp. 281–282.
2577:, pp. 280–281.
2565:, pp. 748–749.
2410:, pp. 246–247.
2398:, pp. 225–226.
2386:, pp. 289–291.
2374:, pp. 288–289.
2350:, pp. 154–155.
2302:, pp. 100–101.
2218:, pp. 197–198.
2158:, pp. 149–150.
950:ultimatum to Serbia
878:, and the ship was
3004:-class battleships
2538:, pp. 43, 47.
2146:, pp. 11, 46.
2050:, pp. 43, 46.
1757:"SMS" stands for "
1667:final fleet action
1262:II Battle Squadron
1217:
980:
900:Duchy of Oldenburg
876:laying of her keel
868:Alfred von Tirpitz
827:Kaiserliche Marine
817:
767:, and two on each
680:water-tube boilers
667:and positions for
617:
570:-class battleships
560:-class battleships
551:Kaiserliche Marine
229:water-tube boilers
88:Duchy of Oldenburg
3085:
3084:
2962:978-1-5267-4198-1
2936:978-0-304-35848-9
2917:978-1-84603-468-8
2898:978-1-84603-467-1
2879:978-90-6032-200-0
2860:978-0-345-40878-5
2845:Massie, Robert K.
2836:978-3-7822-0267-1
2813:978-0-313-29880-6
2790:978-1-57392-286-9
2771:978-1-55750-352-7
2752:978-0-87021-790-6
2730:978-3-7637-5985-9
2707:978-1-84832-229-5
2685:978-0-85177-245-5
2664:978-1-55821-759-1
2290:, pp. 94–95.
2170:, pp. 31–33.
2110:, pp. 12–14.
2074:, p. 44, 46.
1912:, pp. 83–84.
1900:, pp. 24–25.
1698:Ludwig von Reuter
1207:Battle of Jutland
1201:Battle of Jutland
1036:Kaiser Wilhelm II
921:I Battle Squadron
759:; one was in the
730:secondary battery
720:was armed with a
692:metric horsepower
499:and then scuttled
480:Battle of Jutland
433:I Battle Squadron
367:
366:
45:-class battleship
3125:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2940:
2921:
2902:
2883:
2864:
2840:
2817:
2805:
2794:
2775:
2756:
2734:
2711:
2689:
2668:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2572:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2539:
2536:Staff (Volume 1)
2533:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2509:Staff (Volume 2)
2506:
2500:
2494:
2488:
2485:Staff (Volume 1)
2482:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2144:Staff (Volume 1)
2141:
2135:
2129:
2123:
2120:Staff (Volume 2)
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2084:Staff (Volume 1)
2081:
2075:
2072:Staff (Volume 1)
2069:
2063:
2060:Staff (Volume 1)
2057:
2051:
2048:Staff (Volume 1)
2045:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2011:Staff (Volume 1)
2008:
2002:
1996:
1983:
1977:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1874:Staff (Volume 1)
1871:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1832:
1826:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1787:Schnelladekanone
1782:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1764:
1755:
1723:
1709:
1688:
1682:
1664:
1645:
1638:
1632:
1625:
1607:
1600:Operation Albion
1597:
1587:
1581:
1564:
1554:
1548:
1534:
1520:
1517:
1507:
1501:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1397:
1375:
1369:
1356:
1350:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1298:
1285:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1223:
1191:
1177:
1172:next operation,
1159:
1137:
1114:
1061:
1021:
1010:I Scouting Group
1006:Franz von Hipper
1003:
986:
962:
936:
914:
888:Friedrich August
865:
862:
835:
829:
823:
798:
795:
754:
719:
707:
614:
554:
524:
510:
478:, including the
469:
431:was assigned to
430:
400:
397:
375:
79:
67:
62:
61:
60:
44:
37:
30:
29:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3068:
3042:
3006:
2998:
2963:
2947:
2945:Further reading
2937:
2918:
2899:
2880:
2861:
2837:
2814:
2791:
2772:
2753:
2731:
2708:
2686:
2665:
2649:
2644:
2636:
2632:
2624:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2581:
2573:
2569:
2561:
2557:
2549:
2542:
2534:
2527:
2519:
2515:
2507:
2503:
2495:
2491:
2483:
2474:
2466:
2462:
2454:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2430:
2426:
2418:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2394:
2390:
2382:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2358:
2354:
2346:
2342:
2334:
2330:
2322:
2318:
2310:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2262:
2258:
2250:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2222:
2214:
2210:
2202:
2198:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2130:
2126:
2118:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2046:
2029:
2021:
2017:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1986:
1978:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1947:
1939:
1928:
1920:
1916:
1908:
1904:
1896:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1872:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1833:
1829:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1798:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1769:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1710:, commanded by
1658:
1652:
1529:After Jutland,
1527:
1518:
1323:, and possibly
1209:
1203:
1169:Reinhard Scheer
1089:on 2 February.
1072:armored cruiser
1004:(Rear Admiral)
969:
925:High Seas Fleet
863:
833:Ersatz Frithjof
805:
803:Service history
796:
564:pre-dreadnought
545:
539:
517:war reparations
437:High Seas Fleet
398:
222:Installed power
135:5 November 1919
63:
58:
56:
46:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3131:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3057:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3011:
3008:
3007:
2997:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2961:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2935:
2922:
2916:
2903:
2897:
2884:
2878:
2865:
2859:
2841:
2835:
2818:
2812:
2795:
2789:
2776:
2770:
2757:
2751:
2735:
2729:
2712:
2706:
2690:
2684:
2669:
2663:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2630:
2628:, p. 256.
2618:
2616:, p. 252.
2606:
2604:, p. 282.
2591:
2579:
2567:
2555:
2553:, p. 748.
2540:
2525:
2523:, p. 683.
2513:
2501:
2499:, p. 682.
2489:
2472:
2470:, p. 298.
2460:
2458:, p. 303.
2448:
2446:, p. 296.
2436:
2434:, p. 292.
2424:
2422:, p. 263.
2412:
2400:
2388:
2376:
2364:
2362:, p. 275.
2352:
2340:
2338:, p. 101.
2328:
2316:
2314:, p. 110.
2304:
2292:
2280:
2278:, p. 286.
2268:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2230:, p. 161.
2220:
2208:
2206:, p. 196.
2196:
2184:
2172:
2160:
2148:
2136:
2134:, p. xix.
2124:
2112:
2100:
2088:
2076:
2064:
2052:
2027:
2025:, p. 194.
2015:
2003:
1984:
1982:, p. 193.
1969:
1967:, p. 146.
1957:
1955:, p. 177.
1945:
1926:
1914:
1902:
1890:
1878:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1840:
1827:
1806:
1796:
1777:
1767:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1654:Main article:
1651:
1648:
1610:Danish straits
1526:
1523:
1205:Main article:
1202:
1199:
1165:hepatic cancer
1117:light cruisers
1068:Schillig Roads
1047:David Beatty's
1022:and her three
994:battlecruisers
968:
965:
847:Schichau-Werke
804:
801:
749:guns to four.
710:nautical miles
698:; 20,594
653:superstructure
594:South Carolina
541:Main article:
538:
535:
407:Schichau-Werke
365:
364:
363:
362:
356:
350:
342:
338:
337:
336:
335:
329:
323:
317:
309:
305:
304:
303:
302:
299:
294:
290:
289:
286:nautical miles
282:
278:
277:
270:
266:
265:
264:
263:
257:
249:
245:
244:
243:
242:
231:
223:
219:
218:
215:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
193:
192:
186:
177:: 22,808
170:
166:
165:
154:
153:Class and type
150:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
98:Schichau-Werke
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
73:
69:
68:
53:
52:
48:
47:
38:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3130:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3059:Followed by:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3050:Preceded by:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3003:
2995:
2990:
2988:
2983:
2981:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2964:
2958:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2938:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2809:
2804:
2803:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2782:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2739:Gröner, Erich
2736:
2732:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2694:Dodson, Aidan
2691:
2687:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2650:
2639:
2634:
2627:
2622:
2615:
2610:
2603:
2598:
2596:
2588:
2583:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2559:
2552:
2547:
2545:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2522:
2517:
2511:, p. 15.
2510:
2505:
2498:
2493:
2487:, p. 47.
2486:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2469:
2464:
2457:
2452:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2428:
2421:
2416:
2409:
2404:
2397:
2392:
2385:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2361:
2356:
2349:
2344:
2337:
2332:
2326:, p. 54.
2325:
2320:
2313:
2308:
2301:
2296:
2289:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2266:, p. 54.
2265:
2260:
2254:, p. 53.
2253:
2248:
2242:, p. 50.
2241:
2236:
2229:
2224:
2217:
2212:
2205:
2200:
2194:, p. 43.
2193:
2188:
2182:, p. 38.
2181:
2176:
2169:
2164:
2157:
2152:
2145:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2122:, p. 14.
2121:
2116:
2109:
2104:
2098:, p. 12.
2097:
2092:
2086:, p. 11.
2085:
2080:
2073:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2024:
2019:
2013:, p. 36.
2012:
2007:
2001:, p. 25.
2000:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1981:
1976:
1974:
1966:
1961:
1954:
1949:
1943:, p. 24.
1942:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1924:, p. 56.
1923:
1918:
1911:
1906:
1899:
1894:
1888:, p. 80.
1887:
1882:
1876:, p. 46.
1875:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1859:
1844:
1837:
1831:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1800:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1771:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1750:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1712:Hermann Bauer
1708:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1681:
1676:
1675:Grand Admiral
1672:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1647:
1644:
1637:
1631:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1542:
1541:Wilhelmshaven
1538:
1533:
1522:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1399:was wounded.
1396:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1271:Indefatigable
1265:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1241:and ahead of
1239:
1233:
1227:
1222:
1213:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1195:Harwich Force
1190:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:the operation
1136:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1088:
1087:Hugo von Pohl
1084:
1083:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1001:
1000:Konteradmiral
995:
991:
985:
978:
973:
964:
961:
955:
954:Cape Skudenes
951:
947:
943:
938:
935:
930:
929:Agadir Crisis
926:
922:
918:
913:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
861:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:
839:
834:
828:
822:
814:
809:
800:
794:
789:
785:
781:
777:
772:
770:
766:
763:, one in the
762:
758:
757:torpedo tubes
753:
747:
743:
742:torpedo boats
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
718:
713:
711:
706:
701:
697:
694:(27,617
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
665:spotting tops
663:, which held
662:
658:
657:conning tower
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
613:
607:
603:
601:
597:
595:
590:
586:
582:
578:
575:
571:
569:
565:
561:
559:
553:
552:
544:
534:
532:
528:
527:ship breaking
523:
518:
514:
513:Allied powers
509:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
463:
462:
457:
456:
451:
450:
444:
442:
438:
434:
429:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:keel was laid
396:
391:
387:
383:
381:
376:
374:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
344:
343:
340:
339:
334:
333:torpedo tubes
330:
328:
324:
322:
318:
316:
312:
311:
310:
307:
306:
301:1027 enlisted
300:
297:
296:
295:
292:
291:
287:
283:
280:
279:
275:
271:
268:
267:
262:
258:
256:
252:
251:
250:
247:
246:
240:
237:(28,000
236:
232:
230:
226:
225:
224:
221:
220:
216:
213:
212:
208:
205:
204:
200:
197:
196:
190:
187:
184:
180:
176:
173:
172:
171:
168:
167:
164:
161:
159:
155:
152:
151:
146:
142:
139:
138:
134:
131:
130:
126:
123:
122:
118:
115:
114:
110:
107:
106:
103:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
78:
74:
71:
70:
66:
65:German Empire
54:
49:
43:
36:
31:
28:
24:
16:
3061:
3052:
3036:
3035:
3029:
3023:Ostfriesland
3022:
3015:
3001:
2952:
2926:
2907:
2888:
2869:
2849:
2826:
2822:
2801:
2780:
2761:
2742:
2720:
2716:
2697:
2674:
2654:
2633:
2621:
2609:
2582:
2570:
2558:
2516:
2504:
2492:
2463:
2451:
2439:
2427:
2415:
2403:
2391:
2379:
2367:
2355:
2343:
2331:
2319:
2307:
2295:
2283:
2271:
2259:
2247:
2235:
2223:
2211:
2199:
2187:
2175:
2163:
2151:
2139:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2091:
2079:
2067:
2062:, p. 8.
2055:
2018:
2006:
1960:
1948:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1843:
1830:
1809:
1799:
1780:
1770:
1753:
1729:
1695:
1659:
1590:Terschelling
1575:
1552:Von der Tann
1537:German Bight
1528:
1509:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1464:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1389:
1384:
1378:
1363:
1358:
1341:
1336:
1307:
1301:
1292:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1218:
1184:Jade Estuary
1162:
1150:
1144:
1128:
1121:minesweepers
1105:
1100:Von der Tann
1099:
1095:Gulf of Riga
1091:
1081:
1075:
1040:
981:
939:
908:
904:commissioned
849:shipyard in
841:
818:
776:armored belt
773:
722:main battery
714:
673:
669:searchlights
651:and minimal
644:
618:
599:
593:
580:
576:
567:
557:
546:
496:
486:against the
460:
455:Ostfriesland
454:
448:
445:
419:commissioned
409:dockyard in
379:
369:
368:
233:28,000
169:Displacement
157:
124:Commissioned
119:30 June 1910
111:1 March 1909
27:
15:
2802:World War I
1804:replaced)".
1680:Großadmiral
1656:Kiel mutiny
1614:Putzig Wiek
1032:Grand Fleet
967:World War I
896:fitting-out
633:metric tons
589:superfiring
574:dreadnought
568:Deutschland
476:Grand Fleet
441:World War I
298:42 officers
3108:1910 ships
3092:Categories
2647:References
1823:Wilhelm II
1702:Scapa Flow
1557:Sunderland
1442:Horns Reef
1293:At first,
1277:Queen Mary
1178:supported
1115:, several
917:sea trials
915:conducted
813:Wilhelm II
724:of twelve
649:flush deck
585:gun turret
503:Scapa Flow
484:Baltic Sea
413:. She was
293:Complement
261:propellers
259:3 × screw
248:Propulsion
163:battleship
127:1 May 1912
3037:Oldenburg
3030:Thüringen
3016:Helgoland
3002:Helgoland
1855:Citations
1745:Footnotes
1734:Dordrecht
1721:Oldenburg
1707:Oldenburg
1686:Thüringen
1671:Armistice
1662:Oldenburg
1636:Oldenburg
1623:Oldenburg
1618:Arensburg
1605:Oldenburg
1595:Oldenburg
1579:Oldenburg
1562:Oldenburg
1532:Oldenburg
1515:Oldenburg
1505:Oldenburg
1499:Oldenburg
1493:Kronprinz
1470:roadstead
1465:Westfalen
1453:Helgoland
1447:Thüringen
1420:Oldenburg
1414:Helgoland
1402:Oldenburg
1395:Oldenburg
1373:Oldenburg
1367:Oldenburg
1354:Oldenburg
1348:Oldenburg
1326:Oldenburg
1320:Helgoland
1314:Thüringen
1296:Oldenburg
1288:two-point
1238:Helgoland
1232:Oldenburg
1221:Oldenburg
1175:Oldenburg
1135:Oldenburg
1059:Oldenburg
1028:destroyer
1019:Oldenburg
984:Oldenburg
960:Oldenburg
946:Skagerrak
934:Oldenburg
912:Oldenburg
860:Oldenburg
821:Oldenburg
793:Oldenburg
788:barbettes
774:Her main
769:broadside
752:Oldenburg
738:casemates
717:Oldenburg
705:Oldenburg
688:amidships
645:Oldenburg
641:full load
637:long tons
629:displaced
612:Helgoland
533:in 1921.
531:Dordrecht
522:Oldenburg
508:Helgoland
472:North Sea
467:Oldenburg
461:Thüringen
449:Helgoland
428:Oldenburg
395:Oldenburg
380:Helgoland
373:Oldenburg
189:Full load
183:long tons
158:Helgoland
108:Laid down
77:Oldenburg
42:Helgoland
2847:(2003).
2741:(1990).
2696:(2016).
2456:Campbell
2384:Campbell
2372:Campbell
2360:Campbell
2348:Campbell
2336:Campbell
2324:Campbell
1953:Grießmer
1792:calibers
1691:mutinied
1571:zeppelin
1481:Kaiserin
1385:Porpoise
1359:Warspite
1342:Warspite
1189:Seydlitz
1112:Seydlitz
1082:Seydlitz
880:launched
842:Frithjof
635:(24,310
415:launched
308:Armament
181:(22,448
132:Stricken
116:Launched
84:Namesake
2602:Tarrant
2587:Tarrant
2575:Tarrant
2468:Tarrant
2444:Tarrant
2432:Tarrant
2420:Tarrant
2408:Tarrant
2396:Tarrant
2312:Tarrant
2300:Tarrant
2288:Tarrant
2276:Tarrant
2264:Tarrant
2252:Tarrant
2240:Tarrant
2216:Halpern
2204:Halpern
2192:Tarrant
2180:Tarrant
2168:Tarrant
1922:Philbin
1716:scuttle
1510:Fortune
1431:Fortune
1390:Fortune
1379:Fortune
1226:Jutland
1076:Blücher
1024:sisters
923:of the
855:sisters
811:Kaiser
780:citadel
686:placed
684:funnels
631:24,700
572:to the
435:of the
423:turrets
388:of the
353:Turrets
94:Builder
51:History
3062:Kaiser
3053:Nassau
2959:
2933:
2914:
2895:
2876:
2857:
2833:
2810:
2787:
2768:
2749:
2727:
2704:
2682:
2661:
2626:Herwig
2614:Herwig
2563:Massie
2551:Massie
2521:Massie
2497:Massie
2228:Herwig
2156:Herwig
2132:Heyman
2108:Massie
2096:Massie
1999:Gröner
1941:Gröner
1910:Dodson
1898:Gröner
1886:Dodson
1704:, but
1643:Moltke
1630:Moltke
1546:Moltke
1490:, and
1475:Kaiser
1462:, and
1459:Nassau
1435:Ardent
1426:Ardent
1337:Nestor
1302:Nestor
1258:-class
1256:Kaiser
1253:- and
1145:Nassau
1109:, and
1106:Moltke
864:'s
851:Danzig
647:had a
600:Nassau
581:Nassau
577:Nassau
558:Nassau
537:Design
458:, and
411:Danzig
284:5,500
198:Length
175:Normal
160:-class
102:Danzig
3064:class
3055:class
2825:[
2719:[
1740:Notes
1519:'
1408:Posen
1332:Posen
1308:Nomad
1283:König
1250:König
1244:Posen
1157:Slava
1151:Posen
1129:Slava
797:'
765:stern
661:masts
639:) at
625:draft
615:class
596:class
399:'
382:class
341:Armor
325:14 ×
319:14 ×
313:12 ×
281:Range
274:knots
272:20.8
269:Speed
227:15 ×
214:Draft
2957:ISBN
2931:ISBN
2912:ISBN
2893:ISBN
2874:ISBN
2855:ISBN
2831:ISBN
2808:ISBN
2785:ISBN
2766:ISBN
2747:ISBN
2725:ISBN
2702:ISBN
2680:ISBN
2659:ISBN
1650:Fate
1549:and
1472:and
1433:and
1411:and
1382:and
1329:and
1317:and
1305:and
1148:and
1052:and
1041:The
894:for
892:Kiel
621:beam
370:SMS
359:Deck
347:Belt
253:3 ×
206:Beam
140:Fate
72:Name
1836:UTC
1064:CET
1050:1st
1008:'s
996:of
761:bow
696:ihp
602:s.
515:as
501:in
384:of
239:ihp
3094::
2594:^
2543:^
2528:^
2475:^
2030:^
1987:^
1972:^
1929:^
1862:^
1736:.
1484:,
1478:,
1456:,
1450:,
1388:.
1103:,
771:.
700:kW
643:.
519:;
464:,
452:,
443:.
401:s
392:.
235:PS
100:,
2993:e
2986:t
2979:v
2965:.
2939:.
2920:.
2901:.
2882:.
2863:.
2839:.
2816:.
2793:.
2774:.
2755:.
2733:.
2710:.
2688:.
2667:.
1730:M
1677:(
241:)
185:)
179:t
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
