Knowledge

SEA-ME-WE 3

Source 📝

165: 517:
authorities to permit a cable ship to repair the damage. On 29 September 2015, it was advised that a cable ship had been mobilized to the area, to isolate and resolve the fault, with a tentative fix date of mid to late October 2015, however due to the complexity of repairing cables, this time frame was only an estimated time frame for a fix.
501:
was sent to the site. A permit was required from the Indonesian Authorities to effect repairs: on 3 March 2013 it was reported that "The cable ship operator has advised that the required permit to undertake works has not been granted. A tentative repair date of 09 April 2013 has been posted but still
420:
In December 1994, a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed by 16 Parties for the development of the SEA-ME-WE3 project between Western Europe and Singapore. In November 1996, additional MOUs were signed to extend the system from Singapore to the Far East and to Australia. Finally in January
512:
On 15 September 2015 the cable was again cut at segment 3.3 causing significant disruption to services from Australia to Singapore. Service disruptions caused particular impact for Apple customers due to the release of the iPhone 6, iOS9 and OSX just prior to the cable cut. Apple's services were
536:
On 11 May 2018 at 09:58 AEST, Vocus Group confirmed that SEA-ME-WE3 suffered two shunt faults approximately 28 km (in a deep trench which would require mobilisation of specially designed cable barge with deep de-trenching tool capability to perform recovery) and 231 km from the cable
528:
On 29 August 2017 Vocus Group confirmed a cable break on the Perth to Singapore segment (S3.3). On 27 September 2017, Cable Ship ASEAN Explorer confirmed a "shunt fault" on the insulating material either caused by ship anchors or sea currents. On 3 October 2017, a new issue was detected. On 16
524:
On 11 December 2016 at 9:30 AEST, Vocus Group confirmed that SEA-ME-WE3 failed due to a cable cut 1125 km from the Singapore Tuas Cable Landing Station. The ASEAN Explorer arrived at the location of the cable fault on 10 January 2017. A tentative repair window from 11–14 January 2017 was
516:
On 25 September 2015 at 03:07 UTC, the cable once again experienced problems at SEA-ME-WE3's S3.3 (Perth-BU) at about 1143 km from Tuas cable station (between repeater R346 and R345). This was the same location as where the previous problem occurred, which took 3 months for Indonesian
513:
reported as being crippled for Telstra customers but the impact was noticeable for all other Australian ISP's. This disruption was expected to be repaired sometime after mid October 2015. This was the third time that the cable had been cut in this segment in just over two and a half years.
547:
On 26 October 2018 at 11:35 AEST, iiNet Group reported that SEA-ME-WE3 was down again. No status update has been posted by Vocus so far, however a post exists claiming that there was a possible cable fault from Perth Station to a branching unit between repeaters R342 and R343.
463:
cable, which is intended to provide redundancy, causing slow Internet connections and disruption to international calls to the U.S. and Europe from the Middle East and South Asia. Over 70 percent of the network in Egypt was down. Although central to India's largest carrier,
520:
On 27 September 2015 at 01:49 UTC, further faults were identified in the cable in SEA-ME-WE3's S3.1. The fault location was at 360 km from Ancol Cable Station (between repeater R108 & R109)., cable ship ASEAN Explorer was mobilised to this location.
505:
On 30 November 2014, the cable again experienced a problem in the Jakarta to Perth sector. ASEAN Explorer appeared onsite of the cable breakage point on 24 December 2014 which involved over a week of repairs. Cable was restored on 1 January 2015.
532:
On 3 December 2017 at 10:24 AEST, Vocus Group confirmed that SEA-ME-WE3 suffered a fault approximately 1126 km from the cable landing station in Singapore. Vocus confirmed that the break had been fixed as of 01:24 UTC 15 January 2018.
595:
SEA-ME-WE3 was based on the success of the earlier shorter cable SEA-ME-WE2. At the time of commissioning, 18 October 1994, SEA-ME-WE2 was the world's longest optical fibre submarine cable system at 18,751 km. The cable has two
149:
According to the cable system network administrator's website, the system capacity has been upgraded several times. The cable system itself has two fibre pairs, each carrying (as of May 2007) 48 wavelengths of 10 Gbit/s.
761:
The SEA-ME-WE cable history started in June 1985 when the first 12/25 MHz capacity, 13.500 km long SEA-ME-WE cable llcommissioned using analog/copper technology. SEA-ME-WE cable was decommissioned in June 1999.
2439: 1588: 1831: 977:
The main trunk shall contain at least 2 fibre pairs and each fibre pair shall be capable of operating at a minimum of 10 Gbit/s, providing a minimum of 64 Basic System Payload Modules in each fibre pair.
525:
scheduled, subject to permit approvals. On 16 January 2017 Vocus advised that the repair works to SEA-ME-WE3 had been completed and all Ethernet and transit traffic in and out of Singapore has been restored.
2656: 2237: 1619: 2432: 2956: 1824: 2649: 437:'s major outer communications became defective, disrupting almost all of Pakistan's communications with the rest of the world, and affecting approximately 10 million Internet users. 2961: 2425: 2230: 1091: 1558: 2951: 1289: 1817: 2981: 2642: 146:) transmission to increase capacity and enhance the quality of the signal, especially over long distances (this cable stretches from North Germany to Australia and Japan). 2976: 2223: 980: 2971: 1580: 156:
On 1 Jan 2015, the 5th Capacity Expansion was distributed to all the owners. Data capacity of the submarine network is increased significantly with 100G technologies.
2946: 1169: 2966: 1741: 581:(DSD) also participates in the undersea cable interception operation, sharing massive amounts of intercepted data with its British and American counterparts: 771: 1716: 540:
On 4 September 2018 at 09:34 AEST, Vocus Group confirmed that SEA-ME-WE3 had a fault on the segment between Perth and Singapore. This disruption led to the
997: 587:
said that the Australian interception activity is facilitated with the help of the Security and Intelligence Division of Singapore's Ministry of Defense.
1073: 440:
On 26 December 2006 this link severed, causing major disruption to internet services to and from the Far East. The cause of this was suspected to be a
421:
1997, the Construction and Maintenance Agreement for SEA-ME-WE3 was signed by 92 International Carriers. By end-2000 the entire network was completed.
1611: 874: 559:
In August 2013 a major German newspaper claimed that an alliance of Western and Asian intelligence agencies has managed to tap into the cable. The
498: 468:, the deputy-director general of that organisation said "Only 10 to 15 percent of our connectivity with the international gateway faced problems". 551:
On 20 September 2019 at 11:58 AEST, iTnews reported that the Perth to Singapore portion of the cable had been cut between repeaters 345 and 346.
1729: 1988: 472: 460: 1272: 1101: 3011: 1550: 839: 493:
On 10 January 2013, the cable was again severed, this time 1,126 kilometres from the Tuas Cable Landing Station in Singapore, between
3001: 1285: 2346: 1958: 3006: 2991: 2986: 2533: 1873: 1765: 1029: 952: 926: 3016: 2996: 1428: 1057: 456: 1305: 2503: 2795: 2750: 2735: 2316: 1788: 1692: 859:
Several other cable systems following a substantially similar route to SEA-ME-WEA 3 between Asia and Western Europe:
850: 476: 2775: 1641: 135: 494: 487: 2825: 2665: 2448: 2246: 2093: 2043: 1840: 131:. The Consortium is formed by 92 other investors from the telecom industry. It was commissioned in March 2000. 112: 2391: 139: 1362: 2417: 1012: 465: 1183: 2860: 578: 1809: 1155: 2634: 2301: 600:
pairs with a combined capacity of 1.12 Gbit/s, (2*560 Mbit/s), 151 repeaters and 9 branches.
2215: 537:
landing station in Singapore (S3.3). Vocus confirmed that the break had been fixed as of 1 June 2018.
429:
In July 2005, a portion of the SEA-ME-WE3 submarine cable located 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of
2785: 2720: 2321: 2281: 815: 779: 597: 541: 2123: 2098: 2088: 570: 441: 2915: 2790: 2508: 2361: 2023: 128: 2573: 2103: 1525: 1500: 1450: 1406: 1384: 348: 294: 1755: 1306:"Event 4351219 | iiNet Network Status - Internet Service | Internet Service | iiNet Australia" 905: 561: 509:
On 8 January 2015, the cable once again experienced problems on the Perth to Jakarta Section.
2810: 2745: 2725: 2291: 2159: 2033: 1903: 1115: 115:
linking those regions and is the longest in the world. Completed in late 2000, it is led by
2920: 2900: 2870: 2715: 2710: 2700: 2538: 2396: 2351: 2311: 2276: 2113: 1933: 821: 785: 180: 153:
In December 2009, the 4th 10G Upgrade increased WDM channels from 48 to 64 per fibre pair.
577:
as the source of the information. Australian media subsequently revealed that Australia's
8: 2865: 2800: 2690: 2563: 2518: 2366: 2341: 2336: 2296: 2154: 2118: 2053: 2048: 1998: 1963: 1908: 845: 173: 986:. SEA-ME-WE 3. 30 November 2012. p. 23. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. 2910: 2890: 2880: 2830: 2805: 2558: 2038: 1096: 868: 791: 529:
October 2017, ASEAN Explorer completed repairs on the cable, and traffic was restored.
384: 2925: 2905: 2452: 1993: 1761: 1730:"British Officials Have Far-Reaching Access To Internet And Telephone Communications" 991: 797: 2003: 216: 1033: 956: 930: 1475: 1336: 1293: 1061: 192: 1844: 1666: 1054: 574: 408: 372: 116: 2940: 2705: 2669: 2588: 1313: 776:
Other Australian international submarine cables (and year of first service):
288: 120: 2447: 2583: 2528: 2250: 2199: 2028: 1943: 1170:"GO submarine cable fault part of wider disruption between Italy and Egypt" 1055:
Pakistan Times | Top Story: Standby Net arrangements terminated in Pakistan
705: 264: 109: 1247: 1222: 1197: 2855: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2578: 2568: 2523: 2488: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2356: 2286: 2169: 2164: 1938: 1923: 1898: 1839: 894: 889: 884: 2664: 2820: 2760: 2245: 2058: 1948: 1913: 1888: 833: 803: 452: 240: 234: 1728:
John Goetz, Hans Leyendecker and Frederik Obermaier (28 August 2013).
471:
On 19 December 2008, the cable was again severed, simultaneously with
1868: 1129: 695: 690: 685: 164: 2765: 2613: 2473: 2271: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2018: 1983: 1973: 1968: 1273:"Cut submarine cable cripples Apple services for Telstra customers" 827: 710: 680: 434: 396: 390: 360: 270: 258: 228: 204: 198: 2885: 2780: 2740: 2618: 2553: 2548: 2498: 2483: 2463: 2326: 2261: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2078: 1928: 1893: 1858: 1337:"Internode :: Support :: Network Status and Advisories" 879: 750: 725: 720: 583: 430: 378: 354: 342: 330: 276: 124: 2695: 2685: 2623: 2513: 2493: 2478: 2401: 2204: 2108: 2083: 2013: 1953: 1878: 809: 745: 735: 730: 445: 312: 300: 282: 252: 222: 210: 186: 1551:"What will happen when SEA-ME-WE3 can't continue to serve us…" 1248:"Event 3757465 | iiNet Network Status - Internet Service" 1223:"Event 3669107 | iiNet Network Status - Internet Service" 1198:"Event 2295154 | iiNet Network Status - Internet Service" 2895: 2875: 2845: 2770: 2468: 2406: 2306: 2266: 2194: 2189: 2068: 2008: 1978: 1918: 1883: 1013:"Capacity Upgrade of In-service Systems using WDM Technology" 863: 740: 715: 700: 402: 366: 336: 318: 306: 448:. It was stated that the link would take 3 weeks to repair. 2957:
Submarine communications cables in the North Atlantic Ocean
2840: 2815: 2730: 2680: 2543: 2063: 1863: 1581:"New Perth to Singapore internet cable comes to the rescue" 569:
has been leading the interception effort, supported by the
566: 486:
On 25 December 2011, the cable was again severed. See also
480: 324: 246: 97: 108:
or South-East Asia - Middle East - Western Europe 3 is an
2835: 2755: 2331: 451:
On 30 January 2008 an apparent ship's anchor off Egypt's
168:
The route (in red) and landing points (numbered in black)
2962:
Submarine communications cables in the Mediterranean Sea
1156:"Severed Cables in Mediterranean Disrupt Communication" 573:, which is GCHQ's American equivalent. The paper cited 134:
It is 39,000 kilometres (24,000 mi) long and uses
94: 2952:
Submarine communications cables in the English Channel
911: 772:
List of international submarine communications cables
565:, Germany's largest broadsheet newspaper, wrote that 2982:
Submarine communications cables in the Pacific Ocean
1429:"Aussie internet pain after Asian subsea cables cut" 2977:
Submarine communications cables in the Indian Ocean
2972:Submarine communications cables in the Arabian Sea 1753: 2947:Submarine communications cables in the North Sea 2938: 996:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 502:position isn't clear when it will get restore". 1642:"#6116897 - Perth to Singapore Int'l Link Down" 1609: 2967:Submarine communications cables in the Red Sea 1693:"Major Perth-to-Singapore submarine cable cut" 2650: 2433: 2231: 1825: 1747: 127:, a telecommunications operator owned by the 1612:"Vocus lights up ASC early due to cable cut" 1757:The Worldwide History of Telecommunications 1610:Bushell-Embling, Dylan (6 September 2018). 652:0.56 Gbit/s per pair (two fibre pairs) 544:being brought into service ten days early. 2657: 2643: 2440: 2426: 2238: 2224: 1832: 1818: 1108: 78:2.3 Tbit/s per pair (two fibre pairs) 1760:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 462–. 163: 1426: 1404: 1382: 1010:SEA-ME-WE 3 4th 10G Upgrade (Dec 2009) 836:(1995) – withdrawn from service in 2005 2939: 2534:Eastern Mediterranean Optical System 1 424: 2638: 2421: 2219: 1813: 1744:, 29 August 2013 (accessed 30.8.2013) 1719:, 28 August 2013 (accessed 30.8.2013) 1622:from the original on 6 September 2018 1591:from the original on 6 September 2018 1334: 1074:"Communication breakdown in Pakistan" 1018:. Fujitsu. 23 April 2014. p. 12. 16:Submarine communications cable system 2347:Mauritius–Rodrigues Submarine Cable 1754:Anton A. Huurdeman (31 July 2003). 1587:. Fairfax Media. 5 September 2018. 1363:"Whirlpool Forums - iiNET subforum" 1172:. Times of Malta. 19 December 2008. 1116:"Asia phone links start to recover" 674: 13: 3012:2000 establishments in Maharashtra 2504:Bezeq International Optical System 1789:"Tasman Global Access (TGA) Cable" 1561:from the original on 13 March 2018 1032:. SEA-ME-WE 3. n.d. Archived from 955:. SEA-ME-WE 3. n.d. Archived from 929:. SEA-ME-WE 3. n.d. Archived from 113:submarine telecommunications cable 14: 3028: 2751:Fibre-optic Link Around the Globe 2736:Commonwealth Pacific Cable System 2317:Fibre-optic Link Around the Globe 1360: 1092:"Pakistan cut off from the world" 159: 86:92 Party Consortium (5 Suppliers) 3002:2000 establishments in Australia 2776:Hawaii Inter-Island Cable System 1407:"Vocus Group - Incident Summary" 1385:"Vocus Group - Incident Summary" 1130:"Bloomberg Politics - Bloomberg" 136:wavelength-division multiplexing 2666:Submarine communications cables 2449:Submarine communications cables 2247:Submarine communications cables 1841:Submarine communications cables 1781: 1735: 1722: 1710: 1685: 1659: 1634: 1603: 1573: 1543: 1518: 1493: 1468: 1443: 1420: 1398: 1376: 1354: 1328: 1298: 1279: 1265: 1240: 1215: 1190: 1184:"Perth-Singapore cable severed" 1176: 1162: 1148: 1122: 830:(1997) – decommissioned in 2012 554: 488:2011 submarine cable disruption 2826:Pacific Caribbean Cable System 2094:Svalbard Undersea Cable System 2044:Pacific Caribbean Cable System 1427:Crozier, Ry (30 August 2017). 1158:. Bloomberg. 19 December 2008. 1100:. 28 June 2005. Archived from 1084: 1066: 1048: 1022: 1004: 971: 945: 919: 912:Data from the official website 590: 1: 3007:2000 establishments in Kerala 2992:2000 establishments in Africa 2987:2000 establishments in Europe 1286:Cable cripples Apple services 1118:. BBC News. 28 December 2006. 900: 497:345 and 346. The repair ship 140:Synchronous Digital Hierarchy 756: 466:Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited 7: 3017:Telecommunications in India 2997:2000 establishments in Asia 1618:. Westwick-Farrow Pty Ltd. 1341:advisories.internode.on.net 765: 579:Defence Signals Directorate 48:; 24 years ago 10: 3033: 2302:Dumai-Malacca Cable System 1186:. iTnews. 15 January 2013. 415: 2786:Interchange Cable Network 2676: 2459: 2322:Gulf Bridge International 2282:Australia Singapore Cable 2257: 2132: 1851: 1078:The Sydney Morning Herald 780:Australia Singapore Cable 664: 656: 648: 640: 632: 624: 616: 608: 542:Australia Singapore Cable 123:, and is administered by 90: 82: 74: 60: 42: 34: 26: 2124:West Africa Cable System 2089:Southern Caribbean Fiber 1060:13 February 2011 at the 981:"Standard IRU Agreement" 571:National Security Agency 442:magnitude 7.1 earthquake 98:http://www.seamewe3.net/ 1646:forums.whirlpool.net.au 853:(1963) – decommissioned 129:Government of Singapore 68:1.28 Tbit/s (2009) 66:0.96 Tbit/s (2007) 64:0.02 Tbit/s (1999) 1874:Africa Coast to Europe 1292:7 October 2015 at the 668:Consortium (52 Owners) 273:, United Arab Emirates 169: 138:(WDM) technology with 70:4.6 Tbit/s (2015) 35:Construction beginning 2726:Bay of Bengal Gateway 2721:Australia–Japan Cable 2292:Bay of Bengal Gateway 1852:Operational or future 1585:Sydney Morning Herald 816:Australia–Japan Cable 633:Construction finished 167: 43:Construction finished 2901:Tasman Global Access 2871:Southern Cross Cable 2716:Asia-America Gateway 2711:Asia Pacific Gateway 2539:Europe India Gateway 2352:Oman Australia Cable 2312:Europe India Gateway 2114:VSNL Northern Europe 1732:(accessed 30.8.2013) 1616:Technology Decisions 1557:. 20 December 2017. 1476:"OVH Network Status" 869:Europe-India Gateway 822:Southern Cross Cable 95:http://www.smw3.com/ 2801:Matrix Cable System 2133:Legacy or abandoned 2119:VSNL Western Europe 1909:Atlantic Crossing 1 1793:Submarine Cable Map 1717:Süddeutsche Zeitung 1530:status.vocus.com.au 1505:status.vocus.com.au 1455:status.vocus.com.au 1104:on 22 October 2012. 605: 562:Süddeutsche Zeitung 457:thought to have cut 425:Service disruptions 23: 2911:Tonga Cable System 2831:Pipe Pacific Cable 1097:The Times of India 1036:on 26 October 2012 959:on 26 October 2012 933:on 26 October 2012 792:Pipe Pacific Cable 603: 170: 21: 2934: 2933: 2926:VSNL Transpacific 2906:Telstra Endeavour 2632: 2631: 2453:Mediterranean Sea 2415: 2414: 2213: 2212: 1994:Greenland Connect 1767:978-0-471-20505-0 798:Telstra Endeavour 672: 671: 598:single mode fibre 444:off the coast of 103: 102: 3024: 2659: 2652: 2645: 2636: 2635: 2442: 2435: 2428: 2419: 2418: 2240: 2233: 2226: 2217: 2216: 2004:Hibernia Express 1834: 1827: 1820: 1811: 1810: 1804: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1785: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1751: 1745: 1739: 1733: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1708: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1689: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1663: 1657: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1638: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1627: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1577: 1571: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1522: 1516: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1497: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1447: 1441: 1440: 1438: 1436: 1424: 1418: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1391: 1380: 1374: 1373: 1371: 1369: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1332: 1326: 1325: 1323: 1321: 1312:. Archived from 1310:www.iinet.net.au 1302: 1296: 1288:subtelforum.com 1283: 1277: 1276: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1260: 1258: 1252:www.iinet.net.au 1244: 1238: 1237: 1235: 1233: 1227:www.iinet.net.au 1219: 1213: 1212: 1210: 1208: 1202:www.iinet.net.au 1194: 1188: 1187: 1180: 1174: 1173: 1166: 1160: 1159: 1152: 1146: 1145: 1143: 1141: 1136:. 11 August 2023 1126: 1120: 1119: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1088: 1082: 1081: 1070: 1064: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1043: 1041: 1026: 1020: 1019: 1017: 1008: 1002: 1001: 995: 987: 985: 975: 969: 968: 966: 964: 949: 943: 942: 940: 938: 923: 875:FLAG Europe Asia 675:Countries Linked 644:1.12 Gbit/s 606: 602: 217:Mazara del Vallo 195:, United Kingdom 56: 54: 49: 24: 20: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3026: 3025: 3023: 3022: 3021: 2937: 2936: 2935: 2930: 2672: 2663: 2633: 2628: 2455: 2446: 2416: 2411: 2253: 2244: 2214: 2209: 2128: 1847: 1838: 1808: 1807: 1797: 1795: 1787: 1786: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1752: 1748: 1740: 1736: 1727: 1723: 1715: 1711: 1701: 1699: 1691: 1690: 1686: 1676: 1674: 1665: 1664: 1660: 1650: 1648: 1640: 1639: 1635: 1625: 1623: 1608: 1604: 1594: 1592: 1579: 1578: 1574: 1564: 1562: 1549: 1548: 1544: 1534: 1532: 1524: 1523: 1519: 1509: 1507: 1499: 1498: 1494: 1484: 1482: 1474: 1473: 1469: 1459: 1457: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1434: 1432: 1425: 1421: 1411: 1409: 1403: 1399: 1389: 1387: 1381: 1377: 1367: 1365: 1359: 1355: 1345: 1343: 1333: 1329: 1319: 1317: 1316:on 21 July 2018 1304: 1303: 1299: 1294:Wayback Machine 1284: 1280: 1271: 1270: 1266: 1256: 1254: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1231: 1229: 1221: 1220: 1216: 1206: 1204: 1196: 1195: 1191: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1168: 1167: 1163: 1154: 1153: 1149: 1139: 1137: 1128: 1127: 1123: 1114: 1113: 1109: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1080:. 29 June 2005. 1072: 1071: 1067: 1062:Wayback Machine 1053: 1049: 1039: 1037: 1028: 1027: 1023: 1015: 1011: 1009: 1005: 989: 988: 983: 979: 976: 972: 962: 960: 951: 950: 946: 936: 934: 925: 924: 920: 906:whirlpool topic 903: 768: 759: 677: 641:Design capacity 593: 557: 479:cable, and the 427: 418: 162: 69: 67: 65: 61:Design capacity 52: 50: 47: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3030: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2954: 2949: 2932: 2931: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2662: 2661: 2654: 2647: 2639: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2445: 2444: 2437: 2430: 2422: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2243: 2242: 2235: 2228: 2220: 2211: 2210: 2208: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2136: 2134: 2130: 2129: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1845:Atlantic Ocean 1837: 1836: 1829: 1822: 1814: 1806: 1805: 1780: 1766: 1746: 1734: 1721: 1709: 1684: 1658: 1633: 1602: 1572: 1542: 1526:"Vocus Status" 1517: 1501:"Vocus Status" 1492: 1480:status.ovh.com 1467: 1451:"Vocus Status" 1442: 1419: 1397: 1375: 1353: 1327: 1297: 1278: 1264: 1239: 1214: 1189: 1175: 1161: 1147: 1121: 1107: 1083: 1065: 1047: 1021: 1003: 970: 944: 917: 916: 915: 914: 902: 899: 898: 897: 892: 887: 882: 877: 872: 866: 857: 856: 855: 854: 848: 843: 837: 831: 825: 819: 813: 807: 801: 795: 789: 783: 774: 767: 764: 758: 755: 754: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 676: 673: 670: 669: 666: 662: 661: 658: 654: 653: 650: 646: 645: 642: 638: 637: 634: 630: 629: 626: 622: 621: 618: 614: 613: 610: 592: 589: 575:Edward Snowden 556: 553: 499:ASEAN Explorer 433:that provided 426: 423: 417: 414: 413: 412: 406: 400: 394: 388: 382: 376: 373:Deep Water Bay 370: 364: 358: 352: 346: 340: 334: 328: 322: 316: 310: 304: 298: 292: 286: 280: 274: 268: 262: 256: 255:, Saudi Arabia 250: 244: 238: 232: 226: 220: 214: 208: 202: 196: 190: 184: 176:which are in: 174:landing points 161: 160:Landing points 158: 117:France Telecom 101: 100: 92: 88: 87: 84: 80: 79: 76: 72: 71: 62: 58: 57: 44: 40: 39: 36: 32: 31: 28: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3029: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2953: 2950: 2948: 2945: 2944: 2942: 2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2706:Alaska United 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2678: 2675: 2671: 2670:Pacific Ocean 2667: 2660: 2655: 2653: 2648: 2646: 2641: 2640: 2637: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2589:Quantum Cable 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2443: 2438: 2436: 2431: 2429: 2424: 2423: 2420: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2241: 2236: 2234: 2229: 2227: 2222: 2221: 2218: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1856: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1835: 1830: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1816: 1815: 1812: 1794: 1790: 1784: 1769: 1763: 1759: 1758: 1750: 1743: 1738: 1731: 1725: 1718: 1713: 1698: 1694: 1688: 1672: 1668: 1662: 1647: 1643: 1637: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1606: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1576: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1546: 1531: 1527: 1521: 1506: 1502: 1496: 1481: 1477: 1471: 1456: 1452: 1446: 1430: 1423: 1408: 1405:Vocus Group. 1401: 1386: 1383:Vocus Group. 1379: 1364: 1357: 1342: 1338: 1331: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1301: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1282: 1274: 1268: 1253: 1249: 1243: 1228: 1224: 1218: 1203: 1199: 1193: 1185: 1179: 1171: 1165: 1157: 1151: 1135: 1134:Bloomberg.com 1131: 1125: 1117: 1111: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1093: 1087: 1079: 1075: 1069: 1063: 1059: 1056: 1051: 1035: 1031: 1025: 1014: 1007: 999: 993: 982: 974: 958: 954: 948: 932: 928: 922: 918: 913: 910: 909: 908: 907: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 870: 867: 865: 862: 861: 860: 852: 849: 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 832: 829: 826: 823: 820: 817: 814: 811: 808: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 777: 775: 773: 770: 769: 763: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 678: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 601: 599: 588: 586: 585: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 563: 552: 549: 545: 543: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 507: 503: 500: 496: 491: 489: 484: 482: 478: 474: 469: 467: 462: 458: 454: 449: 447: 443: 438: 436: 432: 422: 410: 407: 405:, South Korea 404: 401: 398: 395: 392: 389: 386: 383: 380: 377: 374: 371: 368: 365: 363:, Philippines 362: 359: 356: 353: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 332: 329: 326: 323: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 295:Mount Lavinia 293: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 272: 269: 266: 263: 260: 257: 254: 251: 248: 245: 242: 239: 236: 233: 230: 227: 224: 221: 218: 215: 212: 209: 206: 203: 200: 197: 194: 191: 188: 185: 182: 179: 178: 177: 175: 166: 157: 154: 151: 147: 145: 141: 137: 132: 130: 126: 122: 121:China Telecom 118: 114: 111: 107: 99: 96: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 63: 59: 45: 41: 37: 33: 29: 25: 19: 2850: 2593: 2584:Pentaskhinos 2529:Columbus III 2371: 2251:Indian Ocean 2200:UK-Belgium 5 2073: 2029:NorSea Com 1 1989:Grace Hopper 1944:Columbus III 1796:. Retrieved 1792: 1783: 1771:. Retrieved 1756: 1749: 1737: 1724: 1712: 1702:26 September 1700:. Retrieved 1696: 1687: 1675:. Retrieved 1673:(in Chinese) 1670: 1661: 1649:. Retrieved 1645: 1636: 1624:. Retrieved 1615: 1605: 1593:. Retrieved 1584: 1575: 1563:. Retrieved 1554: 1545: 1533:. Retrieved 1529: 1520: 1508:. Retrieved 1504: 1495: 1483:. Retrieved 1479: 1470: 1458:. Retrieved 1454: 1445: 1433:. Retrieved 1422: 1410:. Retrieved 1400: 1388:. Retrieved 1378: 1368:29 September 1366:. Retrieved 1356: 1346:29 September 1344:. Retrieved 1340: 1330: 1320:28 September 1318:. Retrieved 1314:the original 1309: 1300: 1281: 1267: 1255:. Retrieved 1251: 1242: 1230:. Retrieved 1226: 1217: 1205:. Retrieved 1201: 1192: 1178: 1164: 1150: 1138:. Retrieved 1133: 1124: 1110: 1102:the original 1095: 1086: 1077: 1068: 1050: 1038:. Retrieved 1034:the original 1030:"Background" 1024: 1006: 973: 961:. Retrieved 957:the original 953:"Background" 947: 935:. Retrieved 931:the original 927:"Background" 921: 904: 858: 760: 706:Saudi Arabia 660:October 2006 649:Lit capacity 636:October 1994 594: 582: 560: 558: 555:Interception 550: 546: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 508: 504: 492: 485: 470: 450: 439: 428: 419: 171: 155: 152: 148: 143: 133: 105: 104: 75:Lit capacity 18: 2856:SEA-ME-WE 4 2851:SEA-ME-WE 3 2796:Manatua One 2609:SEA-ME-WE 6 2604:SEA-ME-WE 5 2599:SEA-ME-WE 4 2594:SEA-ME-WE 3 2579:PEACE Cable 2569:MedNautilus 2524:Columbus II 2489:Aphrodite 2 2387:SEA-ME-WE 6 2382:SEA-ME-WE 5 2377:SEA-ME-WE 4 2372:SEA-ME-WE 3 2357:PEACE Cable 2287:BRICS Cable 2170:REMBRANDT-2 2165:REMBRANDT-1 2074:SEA-ME-WE 3 1939:Columbus II 1924:BRICS Cable 1899:Americas II 1773:19 February 1626:6 September 1595:6 September 1565:6 September 1535:4 September 1435:15 November 1390:13 December 1335:Internode. 1040:15 February 895:SEA-ME-WE 6 890:SEA-ME-WE 5 885:SEA-ME-WE 4 628:SEA-ME-WE 3 617:Predecessor 612:Fibre-optic 604:SEA-ME-WE 2 591:SEA-ME-WE 2 473:SEA-ME-WE 4 461:SEA-ME-WE 4 375:, Hong Kong 339:, Australia 333:, Indonesia 327:, Singapore 321:, Indonesia 297:, Sri Lanka 30:Fibre-optic 22:SEA-ME-WE 3 2941:Categories 2821:PacRimWest 2761:Gondwana-1 2059:SAT-3/WASC 1949:Concerto 1 1914:Atlantis-2 1889:ANTILLAS I 1677:26 October 1671:tgstat.com 1651:26 October 1460:15 January 1412:18 October 963:13 January 937:31 October 901:References 834:PacRimWest 804:Gondwana-1 609:Cable type 459:the newer 453:Alexandria 345:, Malaysia 315:, Malaysia 309:, Thailand 279:, Pakistan 261:, Djibouti 241:Alexandria 235:Yeroskipou 207:, Portugal 172:It has 39 106:SEA-ME-WE3 27:Cable type 2099:Tangerine 1869:AEConnect 1257:11 August 1232:11 August 1207:11 August 1140:11 August 757:SEA-ME-WE 696:Sri Lanka 691:Indonesia 686:Singapore 625:Successor 620:SEA-ME-WE 495:repeaters 455:coast is 357:, Vietnam 303:, Myanmar 213:, Morocco 193:Goonhilly 189:, Belgium 183:, Germany 2916:Transpac 2791:Japan-US 2766:HANTRU-1 2614:TE North 2474:Africa-1 2272:Africa-1 2150:CANTAT-3 2145:CANTAT-2 2140:CANTAT-1 2019:Main One 1984:GlobeNet 1974:FARICE-1 1969:EllaLink 1620:Archived 1589:Archived 1559:Archived 1510:2 August 1431:. iTNews 1290:Archived 1058:Archived 992:cite web 840:TASMAN-2 828:JASURAUS 766:See also 711:Djibouti 681:Pakistan 665:Owner(s) 477:FLAG FEA 435:Pakistan 397:Shanghai 393:, Taiwan 391:Toucheng 387:, Taiwan 385:Fangshan 361:Batangas 351:, Brunei 271:Fujairah 259:Djibouti 237:, Cyprus 231:, Turkey 229:Marmaris 225:, Greece 205:Sesimbra 201:, France 199:Penmarch 83:Owner(s) 2886:TPC-5CN 2781:Honotua 2741:EAC-C2C 2668:in the 2619:TEFKROS 2574:Minerva 2554:KINYRAS 2549:I-ME-WE 2499:Berytar 2484:ALPAL-2 2464:2Africa 2451:in the 2327:I-ME-WE 2262:2Africa 2249:in the 2185:RIOJA-3 2180:RIOJA-2 2175:RIOJA-1 2104:ULYSSES 2079:SHEFA-2 1929:C-Lion1 1894:ARCOS-1 1859:2Africa 1843:in the 1798:10 July 1742:The Age 1361:iiNet. 880:I-ME-WE 751:Myanmar 726:Algeria 721:Tunisia 657:Defunct 584:The Age 483:cable. 431:Karachi 416:History 411:, Japan 409:Okinawa 399:, China 381:, China 379:Shantou 369:, Macau 355:Da Nang 343:Mersing 331:Jakarta 291:, India 285:, India 277:Karachi 249:, Egypt 243:, Egypt 219:, Italy 125:Singtel 110:optical 91:Website 51: ( 2861:SEACOM 2811:PAN AM 2746:FASTER 2696:APNG-2 2686:APCN 2 2624:UGARIT 2514:CADMOS 2494:BARSAV 2479:ALETAR 2402:TIISCS 2392:SEACOM 2205:WASACE 2160:Pangea 2109:UNISUR 2084:SMPR-1 2034:PAN AM 2014:MAYA-1 1959:Dunant 1954:Danice 1904:Apollo 1879:ALBA-1 1764:  1697:iTnews 1667:"线路爆炸" 1485:25 May 851:COMPAC 842:(1992) 824:(2000) 818:(2001) 812:(2006) 810:APNG-2 806:(2008) 800:(2008) 794:(2009) 788:(2017) 782:(2018) 746:France 736:Cyprus 731:Turkey 475:, the 446:Taiwan 349:Tungku 313:Penang 301:Pyapon 283:Mumbai 267:, Oman 265:Muscat 253:Jeddah 223:Chania 211:Tetuan 187:Ostend 181:Norden 2921:Unity 2896:TSE-1 2876:T-V-H 2846:SAm-1 2771:HAW-1 2701:ASEAN 2469:AAE-1 2407:TWA-1 2397:TEAMS 2362:Raman 2307:EASSy 2277:ASEAN 2267:AAE-1 2195:TCS-1 2190:SAT-2 2069:SAm-1 2024:Monet 2009:MAREA 1979:GLO-1 1934:Circe 1919:BDSNi 1884:AMX-1 1555:Vocus 1016:(PDF) 984:(PDF) 871:(EIG) 864:AAE-1 741:Italy 716:Egypt 701:India 403:Geoje 367:Taipa 337:Perth 319:Medan 307:Satun 289:Kochi 2866:SPIN 2841:RNAL 2816:PC-1 2731:CUCN 2691:APNG 2681:APCN 2564:MENA 2544:GO-1 2519:CIOS 2509:Blue 2367:SAFE 2342:MENA 2337:LION 2297:DARE 2155:ODIN 2064:SAex 2054:SAIL 2049:SACS 1999:HUGO 1964:ECFS 1864:AC-2 1800:2017 1775:2013 1762:ISBN 1704:2019 1679:2018 1653:2018 1628:2018 1597:2018 1567:2018 1537:2018 1512:2018 1487:2018 1462:2018 1437:2018 1414:2017 1392:2016 1370:2015 1348:2015 1322:2015 1259:2023 1234:2023 1209:2023 1142:2023 1042:2016 998:link 965:2009 939:2012 846:APNG 567:GCHQ 481:GO-1 325:Tuas 247:Suez 119:and 53:2000 46:2000 38:1997 2891:TPE 2881:TIS 2836:RJK 2806:NPC 2756:G-P 2559:LEV 2332:I2i 2039:PEC 786:TGA 144:SDH 2943:: 1791:. 1695:. 1669:. 1644:. 1614:. 1583:. 1553:. 1528:. 1503:. 1478:. 1453:. 1339:. 1308:. 1250:. 1225:. 1200:. 1132:. 1094:. 1076:. 994:}} 990:{{ 490:. 2658:e 2651:t 2644:v 2441:e 2434:t 2427:v 2239:e 2232:t 2225:v 1833:e 1826:t 1819:v 1802:. 1777:. 1706:. 1681:. 1655:. 1630:. 1599:. 1569:. 1539:. 1514:. 1489:. 1464:. 1439:. 1416:. 1394:. 1372:. 1350:. 1324:. 1275:. 1261:. 1236:. 1211:. 1144:. 1044:. 1000:) 967:. 941:. 142:( 55:)

Index

http://www.smw3.com/
http://www.seamewe3.net/
optical
submarine telecommunications cable
France Telecom
China Telecom
Singtel
Government of Singapore
wavelength-division multiplexing
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

landing points
Norden
Ostend
Goonhilly
Penmarch
Sesimbra
Tetuan
Mazara del Vallo
Chania
Marmaris
Yeroskipou
Alexandria
Suez
Jeddah
Djibouti
Muscat
Fujairah
Karachi
Mumbai

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.