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In
February 1989 Sąjūdis declared that Lithuania had been forcibly annexed by the Soviet Union and that the group's ultimate goal was the restoration of Lithuanian independence. Lithuanian sovereignty was proclaimed in May 1989, and Lithuania's incorporation into the Soviet Union was declared
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In
December the Communist Party of Lithuania seceded from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and agreed to give up its monopoly on power. In February 1990 Sąjūdis representatives (or candidates that were supported by the movement) won an absolute majority (101 seats out of 141) in the
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faction, who were inclined to "differentiate the local population into two clear groups, 'patriots' and 'communists'". The popularity of Sąjūdis waned as it failed to maintain unity among people with different political beliefs and was ineffective in handling the economic crisis.
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Sąjūdis used mass meetings to advance its goals. At first, Communist Party leaders shunned these meetings, but by mid-1988 their participation became a political necessity. A Sąjūdis rally on 24 June 1988, was attended by
559:. Vytautas Landsbergis was elected chairman of the Supreme Council. This led to the declaration of the restoration of independence on 11 March 1990, with Landsbergis becoming the first leader of a restored Lithuania.
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With independence gained, reform communists and
Vilnius liberal intellectuals left Sąjūdis about a month later. One of the reasons of this event, was a growing nationalist rhetoric. Some members formed the new
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as the official language. Its demands included the revelation of truth about the
Stalinist years, protection of the environment, the halt to construction on a third nuclear reactor at the
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Moreover, Sąjūdis lost major support from the rural regions of
Lithuania as they proposed agricultural and land reforms without the input and against the interests of most
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As stated in the first issues “Atgimimas”, Sąjūdis was perceived as the reformist initiative by the intellectual authorities with a goal to start the national awakening.
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greeted the delegates when they came back in July. Another massive event took place on 23 August 1988, when about 250,000 people gathered to protest against the
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532:. Communist leaders threatened to crack down on Sąjūdis, but backed down in the face of mass protests. Sąjūdis candidates fared well in elections to the
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In
October 1988, Sąjūdis held its founding conference in Vilnius. It elected 35-member council. Most its members were members of the initiative group.
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In late summer of 1992, Sąjūdis and several minor parties and movements formed an electoral coalition, "For democratic
Lithuania". However, the
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551:. Days after the rally, the federal Supreme Soviet soon made public its admission of the forced accession of the Baltic republics.
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in Poland and encouraged by the Pope and the U.S. Government, Baltic independence activists began to hold public demonstrations in
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The movement supported
Gorbachev's policies, but at the same time promoted Lithuanian national issues such as restoration of the
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Agarin, Timofey. A Cat’s Lick : Democratisation and
Minority Communities in the Post-Soviet Baltic. Brill | Rodopi, 2010.
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independence in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It was established on 3 June 1988 as the first opposition party in
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594:. As a result, the movement, still led by its founder V. Landsbergis, mostly included members from the
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on 3 June 1988, communist and non-communist intellectuals formed Sąjūdis
Initiative Group (Lithuanian:
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Sajudis plaque at old headquarters of the movement, now Ireland's embassy. Vilnius, 1 Šventaragio g.
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On 21 June 1988, the first massive gathering organised by Sąjūdis took place at Soviet Square near
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Rural Intelligentsia and Path Dependency in Post-socialist Civic Organising: The Case of Lithuania
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https://vrk.maps.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?layers=44656569b7c1496ba59b623d3f626df1
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In the mid-1980s, Lithuania's Communist Party leadership hesitated to embrace Gorbachev's
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482:) was published. In September Sąjūdis published a legal newspaper, "Atgimimas" (English:
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A Cat’s Lick : Democratisation and Minority Communities in the Post-Soviet Baltic
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486:). In total about 150 different newspapers were printed supporting Sąjūdis.
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On 23 August 1989, the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Nazi–Soviet
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Arunas Juska*, Arunas Poviliunas, Ruta Ziliukaite and Vilma Geguziene.
548:
367:. Its goal was to seek the return of independent status for Lithuania.
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617:(DLP; the former Communist Party of Lithuania) was victorious in the
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Many of the group, including Landsbergis, formed the core of the
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LIETUVOS PERSITVARKYMO SĄJŪDŽIO STEIGIAMAJAM SUVAŽIAVIMUI – 30
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employees and workers. Sąjūdis retained support in Kaunas and
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Political parties in the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
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2602:
1343:
On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia
962:. XII t. Id. Sąjūdis: nuo "Persitvarkymo" iki Kovo 11-osios
418:
191:
456:. There delegates to the 19th All-Union Conference of the
355:), is a political organisation which led the struggle for
1518:
Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe
1497:
949:
1940–1992. Soviet era and the restoration of independence
54:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
3916:
Union of Christian Socialist Workers of the Memel Region
634:
1337:
Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania
2835:
2003 Lithuanian European Union membership referendum
1020:
Restoration of the independence of the Baltic states
631:, now the largest centre-right party in Lithuania.
590:while liberal-leaning members helped to found the
3961:
943:Lithuania: The Move Toward Independence, 1987–91
178:
3906:Polish Socialist Party of Lithuania and Belarus
1556:Predictions of the collapse of the Soviet Union
1367:Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts
3911:Social Democratic Party of the Memel Territory
2337:Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria
3881:Lithuanian Popular Socialist Democratic Party
3407:
2560:
1426:
1005:
4000:Pro-independence parties in the Soviet Union
3831:Communist Party of Lithuania and Byelorussia
582:, but it has lost almost all its influence.
35:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
2784:Baltic states under Soviet rule (1944–1991)
1331:Sovereignty Declaration of the Estonian SSR
452:. Three days later gathering took place in
328:
50:and maintains a consistent citation style.
3723:Union of Political Prisoners and Deportees
3414:
3400:
2567:
2553:
1433:
1419:
1012:
998:
409:. However, encouraged by the rhetoric of
154:Learn how and when to remove this message
92:Learn how and when to remove this message
566:
498:
378:
369:
117:This article includes a list of general
1961:Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation
1440:
879:"The Move Toward Independence, 1987-91"
413:, noting the strengthening position of
3962:
3489:Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania
2574:
1644:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
1581:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
830:Latvian National Independence Movement
478:newspaper "Sąjūdis News" (Lithuanian:
3395:
2825:Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania
2548:
1991:Initiative for Peace and Human Rights
1414:
1362:Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania
993:
562:
557:Supreme Council of the Lithuanian SSR
460:were instructed about Sąjūdis goals.
322:
3949:List of political parties by country
3501:Lithuanian Christian Democracy Party
1048:Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters
474:On 19 June 1988, the first issue of
103:
15:
3793:Union of the Fighters for Lithuania
3612:Christian Conservative Social Union
635:Members of Sąjūdis Initiative Group
458:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
42:Please consider converting them to
13:
3876:Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union
3826:Central Polish Electoral Committee
3459:Union of Democrats "For Lithuania"
1042:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
578:Today, Sąjūdis is still active in
123:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
4011:
3728:Modern Christian-Democratic Union
1488:Eastern Bloc media and propaganda
1473:Criticism of communist party rule
975:
3426:
2852:
2534:Human rights in the Soviet Union
1493:Emigration from the Eastern Bloc
1372:January 1991 events in Lithuania
190:
166:Political party in Lithuania
108:
20:
3995:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
2735:Occupation of the Baltic states
2712:1919 Polish coup d'état attempt
2442:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
2372:Fall of the inner German border
951:, Estonica, Estonian Institute.
3970:Political history of Lithuania
3423:Political parties in Lithuania
2643:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2432:Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact
1571:Terrorism and the Soviet Union
926:
909:
896:
871:
862:
439:Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
374:Sąjūdžio veliaveles Vytis 1989
353:Lietuvos Persitvarkymo Sąjūdis
180:Lietuvos Persitvarkymo Sąjūdis
46:to ensure the article remains
1:
3672:Lithuanian Citizens' Alliance
2452:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
2051:Inter-regional Deputies Group
2036:National League for Democracy
1377:January 1991 events in Latvia
855:
534:Congress of People's Deputies
507:
3871:Lithuanian Nationalist Union
3866:Lithuanian Labour Federation
2362:Alexanderplatz demonstration
2327:Polish Round Table Agreement
2001:People's Movement of Ukraine
1244:Estonian Citizens' Committee
518:Ignalina nuclear power plant
432:
403:Communist Party of Lithuania
345:Reform Movement of Lithuania
174:Reform Movement of Lithuania
7:
3980:Anti-communism in Lithuania
3926:Workers' Group of Lithuania
3861:Lithuanian German Committee
3748:New Union (Social Liberals)
3738:National Resurrection Party
2407:January Events in Lithuania
2342:Hungarian Round Table Talks
1981:Democratic Party of Albania
1298:Night Song Festivals (1988)
823:
571:Headquarters of Sąjūdis in
443:Sąjūdžio iniciatyvinė grupė
10:
4016:
3856:General Jewish Labour Bund
3763:Party of National Progress
3682:Christian Democratic Party
3617:Christian Democratic Union
2750:by the Soviet Union (1944)
2740:by the Soviet Union (1940)
2061:Hungarian Democratic Forum
2056:Alliance of Free Democrats
2046:Union of Democratic Forces
1139:Letter of 40 Intellectuals
592:Liberal Union of Lithuania
382:
343:), initially known as the
3934:
3811:
3733:National Democratic Party
3692:Lithuanian Liberty League
3597:
3516:
3436:
3353:
3249:
3194:
3185:
3104:
3095:
3058:
2943:
2934:
2870:
2861:
2850:
2805:Reform Movement (Sąjūdis)
2797:
2725:
2658:
2595:
2586:
2526:
2460:
2422:1991 protests in Belgrade
2302:
2227:
2136:
2078:
2069:
1951:
1813:
1760:
1657:
1589:
1526:
1448:
1385:
1352:
1323:
1314:The Baltics Are Waking Up
1283:
1257:
1216:
1207:
1160:
1127:Lithuanian Liberty League
1121:Lithuanian Helsinki Group
1113:
1104:
1068:
1034:
1025:
471:and its secret protocol.
401:, first secretary of the
289:
279:
267:
243:
235:
217:
206:
198:
189:
171:
3886:Memel Agricultural Party
3788:Socialist People's Front
3697:Lithuanian Liberty Union
3657:Liberal and Centre Union
3579:Lithuania – For Everyone
3574:People and Justice Union
3453:Farmers and Greens Union
3083:Special Operations Force
2948:Administrative divisions
2412:January Events in Latvia
2402:Reunification of Germany
2387:1990s post-Soviet aliyah
2317:1987–1989 Tibetan unrest
2041:National Salvation Front
2026:Belarusian Popular Front
2016:Popular Front of Estonia
1785:Polish underground press
1546:List of socialist states
1386:Post-independence crises
1229:Popular Front of Estonia
850:Belarusian Popular Front
835:Popular Front of Estonia
463:About 100,000 people in
3836:Democratic Jewish Union
3718:Social Democratic Union
3637:Democratic Labour Party
3564:Together with the Vytis
3471:Social Democratic Party
2820:Act of Re-Establishment
2678:Great Seimas of Vilnius
2488:Economic liberalization
2427:1991 Belarusian strikes
2367:Fall of the Berlin Wall
2021:Public Against Violence
2011:Popular Front of Latvia
1790:Political demonstration
1639:Chinese economic reform
1551:People Power Revolution
1234:Popular Front of Latvia
957:, Vladas Sirutavičius.
919:. European Society for
906:. Brill | Rodopi, 2010.
840:Popular Front of Latvia
737:Justinas Marcinkevičius
615:Democratic Labour Party
545:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
469:Molotov–Ribbentrop pact
269:Political position
138:more precise citations.
3985:Independence movements
3803:Young Communist League
3627:Civic Democratic Party
3584:Centre of Trade Unions
3284:Ethnographic Lithuania
2767:Second Soviet republic
1622:New political thinking
1399:Coup of the Volunteers
1210:Political activism era
955:Česlovas Laurinavičius
622:elections of that year
575:
504:
375:
352:
250:Lithuanian nationalism
223:; 35 years ago
179:
3939:Politics of Lithuania
3758:Party of Bread Eaters
2705:Polish–Lithuanian War
2700:Lithuanian–Soviet War
2493:Post-Soviet conflicts
2447:Tajikistani Civil War
2397:Revolution on Granite
2357:Monday Demonstrations
1883:Sanjaasürengiin Zorig
1717:Mengistu Haile Mariam
1483:Eastern Bloc politics
570:
502:
379:Historical background
373:
324:[ˈsâːjuːdʲɪs]
294:Politics of Lithuania
3896:Memel Workers' Party
3891:Memel People's Party
3841:Farmers' Association
3702:Party of the Economy
3517:Other active parties
3221:Ethnographic regions
2975:Constitutional Court
2777:Lithuanian partisans
2695:Wars of Independence
1903:Vytautas Landsbergis
1898:Viacheslav Chornovil
1727:Denis Sassou Nguesso
1354:Final confrontations
1270:Vytautas Landsbergis
1107:Soviet dissident era
772:Vytautas Petkevičius
717:Vytautas Landsbergis
647:Regimantas Adomaitis
494:Vytautas Landsbergis
437:At a meeting at the
365:Vytautas Landsbergis
221:23 October 1988
211:Vytautas Landsbergis
3743:New Democracy Party
3677:Christian Democrats
3524:Freedom and Justice
2789:Government-in-exile
2690:Act of Independence
2347:Pan-European Picnic
2322:1988 Polish strikes
1702:Wojciech Jaruzelski
1442:Revolutions of 1989
1249:Congress of Estonia
1096:Adolfas Ramanauskas
777:Kazimira Prunskienė
752:Algimantas Nasvytis
747:Jokūbas Minkevičius
742:Alvydas Medalinskas
722:Bronius Leonavičius
672:Virgilijus Čepaitis
667:Algimantas Čekuolis
526:Algirdas Brazauskas
514:Lithuanian language
399:Petras Griškevičius
3990:Singing Revolution
3647:Independence Party
3141:Telecommunications
2810:Singing Revolution
2648:Lithuanian Crusade
1707:Slobodan Milošević
1576:Vatican Opposition
1285:Singing Revolution
845:Singing Revolution
787:Raimundas Rajeckas
782:Vytautas Radžvilas
702:Algirdas Kaušpėdas
588:Independence Party
576:
563:After independence
505:
407:Ringaudas Songaila
385:Singing Revolution
376:
239:Vilnius, Lithuania
3957:
3956:
3921:United Minorities
3768:Republican League
3753:Order and Justice
3544:National Alliance
3465:Liberals Movement
3389:
3388:
3349:
3348:
3216:Ethnic minorities
3181:
3180:
3091:
3090:
3028:Political parties
2987:Foreign relations
2930:
2929:
2848:
2847:
2685:Amber Declaration
2542:
2541:
2468:Colour revolution
2298:
2297:
2265:Congo-Brazzaville
1986:Democratic Russia
1943:Pope John Paul II
1938:George H. W. Bush
1888:Vladimir Bukovsky
1677:Mikhail Gorbachev
1672:Nicolae Ceaușescu
1458:Era of Stagnation
1408:
1407:
1293:Hirvepark meeting
1114:Groups and events
1035:Groups and events
970:978-9955-23-164-6
960:Lietuvos istorija
902:Agarin, Timofey.
797:Gintaras Songaila
732:Alfonsas Maldonis
712:Bronius Kuzmickas
697:Julius Juzeliūnas
692:Arvydas Juozaitis
677:Vaclovas Daunoras
454:Gediminas' Square
411:Mikhail Gorbachev
363:, and was led by
312:
311:
299:Political parties
164:
163:
156:
102:
101:
94:
52:Several templates
4007:
3773:Russian Alliance
3687:Democratic Party
3667:Life Logic Party
3598:Defunct parties
3539:Samogitian Party
3431:
3430:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3393:
3392:
3369:
3362:
3279:Cultural regions
3274:Cultural history
3192:
3191:
3102:
3101:
3043:
2941:
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2868:
2867:
2856:
2717:1926 coup d'état
2673:National Revival
2638:Christianization
2608:Lithuania proper
2593:
2592:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2546:
2545:
2417:Transnistria War
2076:
2075:
1918:Aung San Suu Kyi
1833:Alexander Dubček
1770:Civil resistance
1627:Sinatra Doctrine
1607:Demokratizatsiya
1508:Shortage economy
1435:
1428:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1069:Freedom fighters
1059:Operation Jungle
1053:Operation Priboi
1014:
1007:
1000:
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990:
986:
945:, Country Study.
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924:
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817:Arūnas Žebriūnas
802:Arvydas Šaltenis
767:Saulius Pečiulis
757:Romualdas Ozolas
687:Bronius Genzelis
361:Soviet Lithuania
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1536:Active measures
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1393:Pullapää crisis
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1145:Phosphorite War
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1044:(1944–56)
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985:(in Lithuanian)
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921:Rural Sociology
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707:Česlovas Kudaba
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652:Vytautas Bubnys
642:Aloyzas Sakalas
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480:Sąjūdžio žinios
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397:. The death of
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2081:Eastern Europe
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82:September 2022
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2382:Black January
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1933:Ronald Reagan
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1913:Zhelyu Zhelev
1911:
1909:
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1747:Todor Zhivkov
1745:
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1737:Deng Xiaoping
1735:
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1566:Soviet Empire
1564:
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1527:International
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1324:Key decisions
1322:
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1308:Alo Mattiisen
1306:
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1182:Tiit Madisson
1181:
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1173:Romas Kalanta
1171:
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1133:Baltic Appeal
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461:
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450:Soviet Palace
446:
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372:
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358:
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317:
305:
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297:
295:
292:
291:
288:
285:
284:For Lithuania
282:
278:
275:
272:
270:
266:
263:
259:
255:
251:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
220:
216:
212:
209:
205:
202:LPS (Sąjūdis)
201:
197:
193:
188:
181:
170:
158:
155:
147:
137:
133:
127:
126:
120:
115:
106:
105:
96:
93:
85:
73:
72:documentation
69:
62:
61:documentation
58:
53:
49:
45:
40:
38:
34:
29:This article
27:
18:
17:
3777:
3607:Centre Union
3600:(since 1990)
3483:Labour Party
3334:coat of arms
3209:universities
3199:Demographics
3119:Central bank
3038:
3016:Human rights
2970:Constitution
2840:EU accession
2804:
2661:independence
2461:Later events
2377:Malta Summit
2209:Turkmenistan
2137:Soviet Union
2123:Soviet Union
2103:East Germany
1995:
1923:Meles Zenawi
1878:Sali Berisha
1828:Václav Havel
1775:Human chains
1682:Károly Grósz
1612:Khozraschyot
1503:Nomenklatura
1478:Eastern Bloc
1353:
1275:Lennart Meri
1238:
1209:
1168:Gunārs Astra
1106:
1091:Juozas Lukša
1081:Jānis Pīnups
1076:August Sabbe
1027:
958:
928:
916:
911:
903:
898:
887:. Retrieved
885:. 1988-06-03
883:Country Data
882:
873:
864:
807:Vitas Tomkus
682:Sigitas Geda
626:
612:
601:
584:
577:
553:
542:
538:
522:
511:
491:
488:
483:
479:
473:
462:
447:
442:
436:
388:
344:
315:
313:
283:
236:Headquarters
199:Abbreviation
150:
141:
122:
88:
79:
68:Citation bot
30:
3851:Folkspartei
3814:(inter-war)
3642:Front Party
3529:Green Party
3236:Lithuanians
3126:e-Residency
3109:Agriculture
3073:Naval Force
2798:Restoration
2728:occupations
2659:Revival and
2618:Grand Duchy
2437:August Coup
2290:South Yemen
2235:Afghanistan
2079:Central and
2072:by location
1976:Civic Forum
1863:Feng Congde
1838:Ion Iliescu
1823:Lech Wałęsa
1780:Magnitizdat
1742:Zhao Ziyang
1732:Heng Samrin
1692:Miloš Jakeš
1602:Perestroika
1265:Tunne Kelam
1189:Lagle Parek
1185:Mart Niklus
465:Vingis Park
391:perestroika
320:Lithuanian:
213:(1988–1990)
136:introducing
3964:Categories
3289:Literature
3068:Land Force
3042:parliament
2992:Government
2963:elderships
2815:Baltic Way
2762:Resistance
2478:Lustration
2352:Baltic Way
2303:Individual
2280:Mozambique
2219:Uzbekistan
2204:Tajikistan
2189:Kyrgyzstan
2184:Kazakhstan
2149:Azerbaijan
2128:Yugoslavia
2006:Solidarity
1966:Charter 77
1952:Opposition
1848:Wu'erkaixi
1814:Opposition
1761:Opposition
1752:Siad Barre
1697:Egon Krenz
1667:Ramiz Alia
1658:Government
1597:Uskoreniye
1529:background
1451:background
1302:Baltic Way
1161:Dissidents
889:2024-08-31
856:References
549:Baltic Way
508:Activities
415:Solidarity
357:Lithuanian
349:Lithuanian
228:1988-10-23
144:April 2009
119:references
48:verifiable
3304:Mythology
3204:Education
3146:Transport
3078:Air Force
3033:President
2982:Elections
2863:Geography
2757:Holocaust
2668:Press ban
2623:1219–1295
2576:Lithuania
2518:Pink tide
2312:Jeltoqsan
2228:Elsewhere
2179:Lithuania
2031:Rastokhez
1971:New Forum
1954:movements
1853:Chai Ling
1463:Communism
1258:Activists
1217:Movements
1194:Enn Tarto
1178:Jüri Kukk
608:Panevėžys
580:Lithuania
540:illegal.
433:Formation
304:Elections
33:bare URLs
3376:Category
3259:Calendar
3241:Religion
3231:Language
3151:airports
3060:Military
2953:counties
2936:Politics
2726:WWII and
2580:articles
2275:Mongolia
2270:Ethiopia
2255:Cambodia
2159:Chechnya
2093:Bulgaria
1868:Tank Man
1858:Wang Dan
1843:Liu Gang
1800:Samizdat
1795:Protests
1634:Glasnost
1617:500 Days
1541:Cold War
1449:Internal
824:See also
530:Songaila
476:samizdat
395:glasnost
338:Movement
274:Big tent
245:Ideology
37:link rot
3778:Sąjūdis
3360:Outline
3324:Symbols
3269:Cuisine
3251:Culture
3187:Society
3173:Tourism
3166:seaport
3097:Economy
3048:Speaker
2902:Forests
2887:Climate
2880:capital
2633:Kingdom
2588:History
2527:Related
2285:Somalia
2214:Ukraine
2194:Moldova
2169:Georgia
2164:Estonia
2154:Belarus
2144:Armenia
2118:Romania
2108:Hungary
2088:Albania
1996:Sąjūdis
1816:leaders
1763:methods
1660:leaders
1649:Đổi Mới
1590:Reforms
1239:Sąjūdis
1151:MRP-AEG
964:.2008,
923:. 2008.
604:kolkhoz
573:Vilnius
484:rebirth
427:Vilnius
423:Tallinn
332:
316:Sąjūdis
226: (
218:Founded
132:improve
3821:Achdus
3714:(2012)
3439:Seimas
3381:Portal
3329:anthem
3299:Design
3264:Cinema
3226:Health
3131:Energy
3039:Seimas
2917:Rivers
2875:Cities
2578:
2305:events
2240:Angola
2199:Russia
2174:Latvia
2113:Poland
2070:Events
1722:Ne Win
1401:(1993)
1395:(1993)
1345:(1990)
1339:(1990)
1333:(1988)
1304:(1989)
1295:(1987)
1147:(1987)
1141:(1980)
1135:(1979)
1055:(1949)
968:
619:Seimas
596:Kaunas
425:, and
280:Slogan
207:Leader
121:, but
57:reFill
3589:KArtu
3367:Index
3319:Sport
3294:Music
3161:roads
3114:Banks
2922:Towns
2907:Lakes
2897:Flora
2628:Duchy
2603:Balts
2596:Early
2260:China
2250:Burma
2245:Benin
31:uses
3479:(11)
3473:(13)
3467:(13)
3461:(16)
3455:(21)
3449:(50)
3339:flag
3309:Name
3156:rail
3136:Euro
3021:LGBT
1224:ERSP
966:ISBN
419:Riga
393:and
329:lit.
314:The
65:and
3798:YES
3509:(1)
3503:(1)
3497:(2)
3491:(3)
3485:(9)
3004:Law
1498:KGB
3966::
881:.
624:.
610:.
429:.
421:,
351::
327:,
3415:e
3408:t
3401:v
2568:e
2561:t
2554:v
1434:e
1427:t
1420:v
1316:"
1312:"
1013:e
1006:t
999:v
892:.
347:(
341:'
335:'
318:(
230:)
157:)
151:(
146:)
142:(
128:.
95:)
89:(
84:)
80:(
76:.
74:)
70:(
63:)
59:(
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
