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to enter students' grades found themselves locked out and noticed Ryuk file extensions. County school officials characterized it as "a catastrophic attack on our technology system" and said it could be weeks before recovery is complete. The school system's director of information technology said, “This is a ransomware attack which encrypts data as it sits and does not access or remove it from our system". Prior to the crippling malware attack, state auditors from the
Maryland Office of Legislative Audits performed a periodic audit of the Baltimore County School System's computer network in 2019. They found several vulnerabilities in the system, such as insufficient monitoring of security activities, publicly accessible servers not isolated from the school system's internal network, and a lack of "intrusion detection ... for untrusted traffic".
95:(CISA) website provides detailed information on how Ryuk infects and takes control of a computer network, saying that access may be initially gained by: "... phishing campaigns that contain either links to malicious websites that host the malware or attachments with the malware. Loaders start the infection chain by distributing the payload; they deploy and execute the backdoor from the command and control server and install it on the victim’s machine". The phishing efforts generally contain malicious documents (or hyperlinks to them). When the victim enables it, a malicious macro or loader starts the infection sequence. Like many other ransomware families, Ryuk deletes shadow copy files and stops processes from the hardcoded list.
170:
instructions, instead of using their inoperable computers. In the U.S., a joint statement was issued on
October 29, 2020, by three Federal government agencies, the FBI, CISA, and the Department of Health and Human Services, warning that hospitals should anticipate an " 'increased and imminent' wave of ransomware cyberattacks that could compromise patient care and expose personal information", likely from Ryuk attacks. More than a dozen U.S. hospitals were hit by Ryuk attacks in late 2020, shutting down access to patient records and even disrupting chemotherapy treatments for cancer sufferers.
1161:
217:, South Australia. In December 2019, the Ryuk virus took hold of the city's IT infrastructure. The attack left hundreds of employees in limbo as the cities IT department worked on reinstating operations. Each time backups were reinstated the Ryuk virus would start the process of attacking the system all over again. The attack continued for four days before the IT team were able to contain the virus and reinstate the necessary backups.
166:, itself suffered a Ryuk ransomware attack. The cybercriminals encrypted the company's data using a variant of Ryuk, making it inaccessible unless a ransom is paid. The attack will cost the company $ 47–59 million, it estimated. In the wake of the attack, Ryuk was described as "one of the most dangerous ransomware groups that operate through phishing campaigns".
102:. In many cases, days or weeks may elapse between the time hackers initially gain access to a system before the massive encryption occurs, as the criminals penetrate deeper into the network to inflict maximum damage. Ryuk is an especially pernicious type of malware because it also finds and encrypts network drives and resources. It also disables the
210:, said the auditors' discovery of "computers that were running on the internal network with no intrusion detection capabilities" was of particular concern. Although the final report by the Maryland Office of Legislative Audits was released on November 19, 2020, the auditors initially warned the school system of its findings in October, 2019.
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system in
Maryland, serving 115,000 students and having a budget of $ 1.5 billion, had to suspend all classes after problems were experienced with its computer network beginning on November 24, 2020, reportedly due to Ryuk. The system's crash first manifested itself when teachers attempting
193:
was attacked by Ryuk ransomware criminals in
November 2020, rendering some of K12's records inaccessible and leading to the threatened release of students' personal information. The Virginia-based firm paid an undisclosed ransom amount, saying, "Based on the specific characteristics of the case, and
169:
Between 2019 and 2020, U.S. hospitals in
California, New York, and Oregon, as well as in the UK and Germany, have been affected by Ryuk malware, resulting in difficulties with accessing patient records and even impairing critical care. Doctors at affected hospitals have resorted to writing paper
56:
first appeared in 2018. Ryuk was initially suspected to be of North Korean origin, then later thought to have been created by only one group or actor. It is now suspected that Ryuk has been created by multiple
Russian criminal cartels. The criminal group known as Ryuk seeks primarily to extort
79:
computer malware to install itself, once access is gained to a network's servers. It has the capability to defeat many anti-malware countermeasures that may be present and can completely disable a computer network. It can even seek out and disable backup files if kept on shared servers.
180:
The ransomware has been used to attack dozens of U.S. school systems, which are often deficient in cybersecurity. Since 2019, more than a thousand schools have been victimized. Sometimes the resulting impairment takes weeks to repair. In 2020, schools from
133:
Ryuk targets large organizations with the ability to pay significant sums of money to regain access to their valuable data. All told, more than $ 61 million in ransom was paid due to Ryuk malware attacks in 2018–2019, according to the
57:
ransom payments to decrypt the data that its malware has encrypted and as a result rendered useless. Following an attack on the
Baltimore County (Maryland) school system in November 2020, a cybersecurity threat analyst said to the
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In early 2021, a new strain of the Ryuk ransomware was discovered that features worm-like capabilities that can lead to it self-propagating and being distributed to other devices on the local database it is infiltrating.
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the guidance we have received about the attack and the threat actor, we believe the payment was a reasonable measure to take in order to prevent misuse of any information the attacker obtained".
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initiated a counter-attack in
September, 2020, to disconnect Trickbot from internet servers. Shortly thereafter, Microsoft invoked trademark law to disrupt a Ryuk
44:. Ryuk is believed to be used by two or more criminal groups, most likely Russian or Ukrainian, who target organizations rather than individual consumers.
984:
98:
Once Ryuk takes control of a system, it encrypts the stored data, making it impossible for users to access unless a ransom is paid by the victim in untraceable
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189:, have experienced Ryuk ransomware attacks. Ransom demanded by the perpetrators has ranged from $ 100,000 to $ 377,000 or more. Online education provider
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Also targeted are vulnerable public-sector entities often using older software and not following best protocols for computer security.
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40:. It typically encrypts data on an infected system, rendering the data inaccessible until a ransom is paid in untraceable
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Ryuk's reach is global, hitting councils and government agencies across the globe. One such attack landed on the
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819:"Experts say restoring Baltimore County school network may take weeks, with classes potentially back in days"
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985:"Caution Advised as all Devices on the Network Can be Automatically Infected by Ryuk Ransomware"
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in
Florida was halted and even the newspaper's telephones did not work. On 20 October, 2020, an
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958:"Suspected Ryuk ransomware attack locks down Adelaide's City of Onkaparinga council"
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that would otherwise allow restoring the computer's system files, applications, and
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is also used by Ryuk hackers to gain access to computers as the initial loader or "
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907:"Auditors found significant risks in BCPS network before ransomware cyberattack"
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876:"Audit found 'significant risks' in Baltimore County schools' computer network"
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291:"Mistaken For North Koreans, The 'Ryuk' Ransomware Hackers Are Making Millions"
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932:"Surviving a shocking ransomware attack Lessons from the City of Onkaparinga"
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529:"Patients of a Vermont Hospital Are Left 'in the Dark' After a Cyberattack"
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163:
474:"BCPS IT officials trying to undo damage caused by ransomware cyberattack"
67:... they just like to get the job done": to extort a large ransom payoff.
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419:"Ransomware Activity Targeting the Healthcare and Public Health Sector"
258:"Ryuk ransomware explained: A targeted, devastatingly effective attack"
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30:
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138:. In December, 2018, a Ryuk-based attack affected publication of the
708:"Another Hacked Florida City Pays a Ransom, This Time for $ 460,000"
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1218:
796:"K12 online schooling giant pays Ryuk ransomware to stop data leak"
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75:
In the UK, the
National Cyber Security Centre notes that Ryuk uses
850:"State auditor: BCPS informed of network concerns in October 2019"
448:"Ryuk evolves into one of the most devastating ransomware threats"
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637:"Ransomware Attack Will Costs French IT Services $ 60 Million"
206:, Technical Director of the Information Security Institute at
663:"What Hospitals Should Know About the Ryuk Ransomware Threat"
159:
319:"Ransomware attack cripples Baltimore County Public Schools"
853:
770:"Ransomware cripples Havre Public Schools computer system"
742:"Ransomware Attack Closes Baltimore County Public Schools"
499:"Microsoft Uses Trademark Law to Disrupt Trickbot Botnet"
558:
Sanger, David E.; Perlroth, Nicole (December 30, 2018).
364:"North Korean APT(?) and recent Ryuk Ransomware attacks"
394:"Ryuk ransomware attacks businesses over the holidays"
964:. Australian Broadcasting Commission. 6 January 2020
527:
Barry, Ellen; Perlroth, Nicole (November 27, 2020).
817:Bowie, Liz; Knezevich, Alison (November 27, 2020).
591:"Computer virus freezes South Florida Sun Sentinel"
560:"Cyberattack Disrupts Printing of Major Newspapers"
317:Bowie, Liz; Knezevich, Alison (November 27, 2020).
63:, the Ryuk criminal group "tends to be all business
1009:"The negotiators taking on the ransomware hackers"
346:"Ryuk ransomware targeting organisations globally"
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423:Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
93:Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
816:
615:"Sopra Steria falls victim to Ryuk Ransomware"
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117:To combat these ransomware attacks, the U.S.
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1600:Security information and event management
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33:known for targeting large, public-entity
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144:and newspapers across the country using
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874:Knezevich, Alison (November 26, 2020).
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705:
685:"US hospitals brace for flood of Ryuk"
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413:
411:
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289:Brewster, Thomas (February 20, 2019).
114:to their previous, unencrypted state.
1577:Host-based intrusion detection system
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838:
794:Abrams, Lawrence (December 2, 2020).
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905:Collins, David (November 27, 2020).
589:Olmeda, Rafael (December 29, 2018).
472:Collins, David (November 26, 2020).
1608:Runtime application self-protection
740:Paybarah, Azi (November 29, 2020).
730:
660:
408:
256:Constantin, Lucian (May 12, 2020).
13:
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1015:. 17 February 2021. Archived from
848:Simpson, Amy (November 30, 2020).
706:Mazzei, Patricia (June 27, 2019).
651:
639:. TechStreetnow. November 26, 2020
244:
14:
1665:
1540:Security-focused operating system
768:Dragu, Paul (February 10, 2020).
233:- group known to use the software
156:information technology consulting
1336:Insecure direct object reference
617:. SecureReading. 23 October 2020
392:Kujawa, Adam (January 8, 2019).
1590:Information security management
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661:Joy, Kevin (October 29, 2020).
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199:Baltimore County Public Schools
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350:National Cyber Security Centre
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151:Fort Lauderdale Sun Sentinel
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1595:Information risk management
1516:Multi-factor authentication
1072:Related security categories
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10:
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1572:Intrusion detection system
1530:Computer security software
1186:Advanced persistent threat
687:. Techhq. October 30, 2020
187:Baltimore County, Maryland
148:software. Printing of the
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1471:
1171:
1157:
1151:Digital rights management
1071:
47:
1296:Denial-of-service attack
1191:Arbitrary code execution
266:International Data Group
208:Johns Hopkins University
1506:Computer access control
1458:Rogue security software
1121:Electromagnetic warfare
983:ArcTitan (2021-03-09).
894:(subscription required)
726:(subscription required)
578:(subscription required)
547:(subscription required)
1552:Obfuscation (software)
1281:Browser Helper Objects
1165:
1547:Data-centric security
1428:Remote access trojans
1163:
21:Ryuk (disambiguation)
1479:Application security
1373:Privilege escalation
1241:Cross-site scripting
1094:Cybersex trafficking
1065:Information security
938:. www.compnow.com.au
19:For other uses, see
1126:Information warfare
1084:Automotive security
936:www.compnow.com.au/
215:City of Onkaparinga
1535:Antivirus software
1403:Social engineering
1368:Polymorphic engine
1321:Fraudulent dialers
1226:Hardware backdoors
1166:
909:. Baltimore, Md.:
798:. BleepingComputer
476:. Baltimore, Md.:
425:. November 2, 2020
396:. Malwarebytes.com
370:. January 10, 2019
175:Lake City, Florida
146:Tribune Publishing
129:Ransomware victims
16:Type of ransomware
1634:2020 in computing
1621:
1620:
1583:Anomaly detection
1488:Secure by default
1341:Keystroke loggers
1276:Drive-by download
1164:vectorial version
1131:Internet security
1079:Computer security
881:The Baltimore Sun
824:The Baltimore Sun
505:. 12 October 2020
503:Krebs on Security
324:The Baltimore Sun
158:company based in
141:Los Angeles Times
108:Microsoft Windows
35:Microsoft Windows
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1492:Secure by design
1423:Hardware Trojans
1256:History sniffing
1246:Cross-site leaks
1141:Network security
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352:. June 21, 2019.
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565:New York Times
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104:System Restore
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1497:Misuse case
1331:Infostealer
1306:Email fraud
1271:Data breach
1106:Cybergeddon
916:December 2,
859:December 3,
802:December 4,
753:December 2,
643:December 4,
509:December 1,
374:December 1,
106:feature of
1649:Ransomware
1644:Cybercrime
1628:Categories
1562:Encryption
1438:Web shells
1378:Ransomware
1326:Hacktivism
1089:Cybercrime
1023:2021-03-09
994:2021-03-09
621:4 December
262:CSO Online
238:References
197:The large
54:ransomware
31:ransomware
1393:Shellcode
1388:Scareware
1236:Crimeware
1196:Backdoors
204:Avi Rubin
91:The U.S.
52:The Ryuk
1567:Firewall
1472:Defenses
1398:Spamming
1383:Rootkits
1356:Phishing
1316:Exploits
989:ArcTitan
968:19 April
942:19 April
225:See also
77:Trickbot
1408:Spyware
1351:Payload
1346:Malware
1286:Viruses
1266:Botnets
1173:Threats
911:WBAL-TV
478:WBAL-TV
100:bitcoin
42:bitcoin
1602:(SIEM)
1579:(HIDS)
1463:Zombie
1200:Bombs
1181:Adware
296:Forbes
123:botnet
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1448:Worms
1443:Wiper
1361:Voice
1209:Logic
185:, to
160:Paris
1214:Time
1204:Fork
970:2021
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918:2020
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1219:Zip
136:FBI
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