82:. The historical record is incomplete and the kingdom was probably not a continuous entity throughout the entire period. The islands concerned are sometimes referred to as the "Kingdom of Mann and the Isles", although only some of the later rulers claimed that title. At times the rulers were independent of external control, although for much of the period they had overlords in Norway, Ireland, England, Scotland or Orkney. At times there also appear to have been competing claims for all or parts of the territory. The islands involved have a total land area of over 8,300 square kilometres (3,205 sq mi) and extend for more than 500 kilometres (310 mi) from north to south.
1137:
152:
1716:
30:
410:
445:
426:
939:. This may indicate that the Earls of Orkney did not control Man itself in the early 11th century. Echmarcach mac Ragnaill and his successors certainly did control Mann, but the extent of their rule over the islands of the Clyde and the Hebrides is not clear. Óláfr mac Lagmann (or Lagmainn) is recorded as having been killed at Clontarf in 1014, fighting with "warriors from the Hebrides".
1373:
1936:
kings all existing at one time who were "of the family of
Somerled" and who were "very untrue to King Haco". It is not entirely clear which three kings are being referred to. They include Dubgall "Screech" mac Dubgaill and his brother Donnchadh and either Eóghan of Argyll who "was king afterwards" or
2098:
married Olaf the White, who some scholars believe to have been Amlaíb Conung, but these dates do not match well as Amlaíb is recorded as coming to
Ireland in 853, unless a much earlier date for Ketill's excursions is accepted—which is also necessary for the validity of the proposed identification of
89:
dynasty played a prominent role in this early period, the records for the dates and details of the rulers are speculative until the mid-10th century. Hostility between the Kings of the Isles and the rulers of
Ireland, and intervention by the crown of Norway (either directly or through their vassals
2112:
There is no real evidence of Uí Ímair rule in the Isles during this period. For the following century the connection between the
Hebrides, Man and Ireland "has been elucidated by Sean Duffy, who has demonstrated that, when control of Dublin passed to the Irish provincial kings in the middle of the
1333:
in 1156. There was no clear victor, but it was subsequently agreed that Godred would remain the ruler of Man and the northern
Hebrides, whilst Somerled's young sons would nominally control the southern Inner Hebrides, Kintyre and the islands of the Clyde under their father's supervision. Two years
2158:
Both possibilities for the timing of
Lagmann Godredsson's reign have been advanced by modern scholars. For example, in 1986 Rosemary Power favoured the reigns of Lagmann and Domnall mac Taidc after Magnus's arrival, suggesting that Lagmann may have also ruled for a time under his overlordship. As
2148:
He may have "ruled Dublin and the Isles intermittently until 1061". However, if
Echmarcach mac Ragnaill was a son of Ragnal mac Gofraid he must either have been very young when his father died in 1005, or very old on his own death in the early 1060s. He may have controlled Mann from 1036 onwards.
1706:
states that he had reigned for only 27 days. Harald
Godredsson then seized the kingship, although he was summoned to Norway the following year and effectively dispossessed. Magnus Olafsson was the last of the Norse kings to rule Mann, which was absorbed into the Kingdom of Scotland on his death.
1016:, described as "huge and ugly" and "ship men of the sea". They were pirates, extracting tribute from the coasts of Ireland and one of their kings was Indech mac Dé Domnand (i.e. Indech, son of the goddess Domnu, who ruled over the deep seas). Indech is also mentioned in the
1337:
Following the death of
Somerled in 1164 Godred re-took possession of his pre-1158 territories in Mann and the north and the southern isles were distributed amongst Somerled's sons as had been previously agreed: Dubgall received Mull,
1670:
states that a
Norwegian fleet sailed down the west coast of Scotland with Óspakr-Hákon, who had been appointed "King of the Suðreyjar" by the King of Norway (and who may have been a son of Dubgall mac Somairle). His forces took
1691:, the son of Raghnall mac Gofraidh, divided the kingdom between themselves, with the latter retaining Mann, and the former controlling the northern islands. A short time later Gofraid Donn was slain, possibly on Lewis.
3592:
Anecdotes Of Olave The Black, King Of Man, And The Hebridian Princes Of The Somerled Family (by Thordr) To Which Are Added Xviii. Eulogies On Haco King Of Norway, By Snorro Sturlson, Publ. With A Literal Version And
331:
The earliest certain written references to Ketill are from the sagas written 200 years or more after his death. Unlikely to have been ruler of Mann and may have ruled in the mid, rather than late ninth century.
2037:
For consistency the regnal names up to the end of the reign of Somerled are as used by Gregory (1881) and by MacDonald (1997) for the period post 1164 unless otherwise indicated. MacDonald does not use
1321:
Godred the Black's dictatorial style appears to have made him very unpopular with the Islesmen, and the powerful barons of the isles began plotting with an emerging and forceful figure –
1937:
possibly an unknown "relation of theirs, called Somerled, was then also a King in the Sudreys". This Somerled, who died in 1230, may have been a brother or cousin of Dubgall and Donnchadh.
709:
Probably ruler of both Dublin and Mann prior to 1052, when he was expelled from the former by Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó. Possibly son of Ragnal mac Gofraid and thus possibly a King of
3018:
827:
with them. The island has produced a more densely distributed Viking Age archaeology than anywhere else in the British Isles, but the written records for this time period are poor.
2071:
Amlaíb Conung was clearly a significant figure and a "king of the Northmen". The title "the greatest warrior king of the Western Sea" (or "West-over-the-sea") is recorded of
371:
from 947–948 and 952–5, was a ruler in the islands at some stage in the mid-10th century. Eiríkr is believed by some authorities to be synonymous with the saga character
2203:
as a king of the Swedes, Downham (2007) mentions a theory that "Lagmann ruled the Hebrides and Man in the early eleventh century", discussed further in Downham (2003.) .
1687:
states that the fleet then sailed to Kintyre where Óspakr-Hákon fell ill and died. Olaf the Black then took control of the fleet, and led it to the Isle of Man. He and
2265:
931:
There then follows a period when it is likely that the Western Isles and Mann were jointly held by rulers of the House of Ímar (see above). Downham (2007) suggests
4108:
1843:
4103:
1822:
2139:
Thorfinn is often stated as dying c. 1064, although Woolf (2007) states that "there is no reason why a date in the late 1050s is not just as credible."
17:
992:
The period 1095–1098 seems to have been politically unsettled, culminating in a Manx civil war between the north and south of the island. A battle at
4195:
1364:
lamented that Somerled's marriage to Ragnhildis, daughter of Olave the Red, had been "the cause of the ruin of the whole kingdom of the Isles".
1334:
later Somerled's invasion of the Isle of Man caused Godred to flee to Norway, leaving the former as the undisputed ruler of the entire realm.
224:'s expedition to the west. According to Irish sources Thorir was the heir of a king of "Viking Scotland" who took an army to Ireland in 848.
3830:
1037:
are also mentioned in early sources as having a role of some kind over unspecified areas of the northern part of the Kingdom of the Isles.
996:
between the northerners under Jarl Óttar and the southerners under Macmaras (or MacManus) in 1098 resulted in the deaths of both leaders.
4918:
1944:
may have been the "king of the Isles" who was recorded in the Irish chronicles as having been killed fighting against the English at the
1664:
In a precursor to 1263, Norwegian forces invaded in 1230 in response to dynastic struggles amongst Godred the Black's descendants. The
4042:
2062:
when the Hebrides were ruled by the Norse and is still occasionally used by Gaelic speakers today to mean the Hebrides/Outer Hebrides.
2177:
Woolf (2007) states of Amlaíb mac Gofraid: "It seems likely that he controlled or at least had strong influence in Man and Galloway."
993:
175:
During this period the historical record is particularly sparse and these early entries must be considered as somewhat speculative.
2168:
He is described as dominating "Dublin, and probably the Isle of Man and much of the coastline of Galloway and north west England."
1030:. Together they "gathered all the forces from Lochlainn westwards into Ireland to impose their tribute and their rule over them."
375:, although the connection is questioned by Downham (2007), who argues that the former was an Uí Ímair dynast rather than a son of
808:
Eldest son of Godred Crovan. Whether Lagmann began his reign before or after Magnus Barelegs's arrival is not known for certain.
132:
were both spoken throughout the region for much of period under consideration. Thus a single individual might be referred to as
4933:
4324:
1986:
1311:
Son-in-law of Olave the Red, and son of GilleBride of the old royal house of Dalriada, and a Norse woman. By 1158 Somerled was
4135:
1968:
recorded for the year 1249 that: "Dubhghall took kingship in the Sudreys." Norse sources also refer to kingship being held by
4319:
3802:
3742:
3633:
3622:
3463:
3425:
4259:
4057:
2316:
Gregory (1881) pp. 4–6 and/or as otherwise indicated. An asterisk (*) indicates the individual is not considered by Gregory.
2095:
1411:
4923:
1360:
3449:
2262:
1972:, although this was rescinded by King Haakon when he refused to participate in the latter's expeditions against Scotland.
1585:
4188:
4537:
4913:
4908:
2028:
This is the combined land area of the Isle of Man the islands of the Clyde, the Inner Hebrides and the Outer Hebrides.
2019:, 'King of Man and the Isles' ", implying the title had not been used prior to that time, i.e. the early 13th century.
3788:
3759:
3728:
3681:
3608:
3584:
3537:
3482:
3439:
3411:
975:
3823:
4006:
1213:
935:
may have "wielded power in Man" and possibly even have been king but was expelled sometime after 1005, perhaps by
898:
798:
358:
4072:
3469:
Duffy, Seán (2006). "The Royal Dynasties of Dublin and the Isles in the Eleventh Century". In Duffy, Seán (ed.).
2235:
109:, on whose death in 1164 the kingdom was split in two. Just over a century later the islands became part of the
4181:
4125:
3689:
1683:
393:
2389:
1228:
3981:
1945:
734:
4047:
2122:
Crawford (1987) states that there was a possible "collapse of the earls' control in the west" following the
105:
re-asserted a further period of largely independent overlordship. This came to an end with the emergence of
101:
in the late 11th century resulted in a brief period of direct Norwegian rule over the kingdom, but soon the
4487:
4355:
4309:
1377:
1141:
4824:
3816:
3768:(2005) "The origins and ancestry of Somerled: Gofraid mac Fergusa and 'The Annals of the Four Masters'".
1136:
4264:
4140:
4451:
4011:
3698:
2081:
and some sources believe these two individuals are one and the same. Amlaíb may have pre-deceased Ímar.
922:
242:
151:
35:
85:
Viking influence in the area commenced in the late 8th century, and whilst there is no doubt that the
4794:
4552:
4284:
4279:
434:
4155:
4113:
3639:
401:
translated this as "the raid of the men from beyond the spine of Britain, that is, of the islands."
4862:
4814:
4314:
3647:
3572:
1118:
306:
4390:
3986:
2113:
eleventh century, these rulers also inherited the old Viking links between Dublin and the Isles".
1715:
697:
4145:
4928:
4620:
4502:
4334:
3946:
3296:
1949:
1941:
1906:
1864:
1694:
On 30 May 1249, Ragnvald Olafsson was slain in a meadow near the Church of the Holy Trinity at
1666:
533:
368:
4289:
2200:
2015:
McDonald (2007) states of Raghnall mac Gofraidh: "Some of his successors were grandly styled
4738:
4694:
4299:
4204:
4130:
4077:
1981:
1459:
1355:
1293:
202:
4743:
3936:
637:
4769:
4436:
4411:
4329:
4274:
4238:
4067:
4062:
3976:
3843:
3144:
1780:
1759:
1351:
1289:
1285:
1181:
1101:
910:
718:
553:
255:
213:
98:
51:
43:
4581:
3628:
Marsden, John (2008) "Somerled and the Emergence of Gaelic Scotland". Edinburgh. Birlinn.
3591:
2058:, meaning "islands of the foreigners or strangers", is a name originally used by mainland
823:
may have fallen under Norse rule in the 870s, and paradoxically they may have brought the
8:
4626:
4592:
4456:
4446:
4441:
4098:
4021:
3956:
3951:
3931:
3857:
3615:
Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea setting, 1187–1229: King Rognavaldr and the Crovan dynasty
3514:
Etchingham, Colman (2001) "North Wales, Ireland and the Isles: the Insular Viking Zone".
1953:
1801:
1315:, King of the Isles. His dominion covered 25,000 square miles and more than 500 islands.
1157:
1149:
959:
932:
914:
661:
561:
229:
110:
4380:
4150:
3492:
Duffy, Seán (1992). "Irishmen and Islesmen in the Kingdom of Dublin and Man 1052–1171".
1969:
1885:
883:
863:
354:
346:
4789:
4774:
4679:
4574:
4375:
4294:
3996:
3991:
3915:
3905:
3702:
3503:
3450:
https://www.academia.edu/1763453/England_and_the_Irish_Sea_Zone_in_the_Eleventh_Century
3292:
3110:
2123:
2059:
1330:
1197:
824:
653:
517:
509:
469:
414:
384:
383:
in 949, the purpose of which may have been either to support or oppose the kingship of
129:
29:
4542:
3970:
3669:
2159:
noted above Duffy (1992) also placed Domnall mac Taidc Ua Briain's rule before Magnus.
677:
614:
4809:
4804:
4669:
4461:
4431:
4395:
4120:
4037:
3910:
3888:
3866:
3808:
3798:
3784:
3755:
3747:
3738:
3724:
3677:
3629:
3618:
3604:
3580:
3533:
3478:
3474:
3473:. Vol. 7, Proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2005. Dublin:
3459:
3435:
3421:
3407:
3388:
2187:
1991:
1611:
1559:
1511:
1244:
1018:
819:
Various rulers have been identified as ruling Man, but not the Isles as a whole. The
497:
481:
217:
3494:
2282:
4819:
4779:
4717:
4641:
4547:
4492:
4385:
3941:
3556:
2974:
1965:
765:
750:
593:
577:
545:
156:
3872:
2149:
There appears to be no evidence of his presence in or around the Scottish islands.
290:
164:
58:
from the 9th to the 13th centuries AD. The islands were known to the Norse as the
4872:
4857:
4829:
4799:
4784:
4764:
4608:
4602:
4517:
4421:
4016:
3962:
3899:
3544:
2969:
2269:
1728:
1672:
1637:
1433:
1372:
1259:
1005:
556:. Married to Sigurd's sister. Sigurd himself was a vassal of the King of Norway.
398:
376:
320:
221:
209:
114:
2091:
350:
4887:
4597:
4587:
4365:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4093:
3532:
Edinburgh. Birlinn. 2008 reprint – originally published by Thomas D. Morrison.
3525:
2126:
and there is no specific evidence that Einar ever claimed to be a ruler of the
2077:
2072:
1724:
1485:
1381:
1347:
1326:
1027:
1009:
745:
Father of Murchad, but who ruled after him over Dublin "and, one assumes, Man"
688:
Ruler of Dublin and possibly Mann. In 1045 Ímar crushed the Ulaid in a raid on
630:
549:
418:
409:
102:
91:
71:
3444:
Downham, Clare (2007)"England and the Irish Sea Zone in the Eleventh Century"
4902:
4882:
4867:
4852:
4839:
4748:
4722:
4707:
4659:
4522:
4360:
4243:
4001:
3644:. Volume 1. Douglas, Isle of Man. The Manx Society. Retrieved 9 January 2011.
2239:
1281:
Rulers of the southern islands and of Mann and the North Isles respectively.
781:
372:
86:
3560:
2232:
444:
4877:
4702:
4532:
4507:
4350:
4304:
3713:
2100:
1688:
1534:
430:
4416:
3641:
Chronica regnum Manniae et insularum: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
4370:
4269:
3779:
Woolf, Alex "The Age of the Sea-Kings: 900–1300" in Omand, Donald (2006)
2470:
1677:
918:
847:
820:
485:
380:
121:
55:
4173:
3706:
3507:
4664:
3765:
3601:
The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard c. 1100 – c. 1336
3402:
Barrett, James H. "The Norse in Scotland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008)
2039:
936:
3456:
Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014
1329:. When Godred heard of this he engaged Somerled's forces in the naval
425:
4847:
4712:
4674:
4614:
4497:
3894:
3797:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh University Press.
3530:
The History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland 1493–1625.
2285:
University of Edinburgh School of GeoSciences. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
1089:
1034:
1013:
125:
3687:
Power, Rosemary (1986), "Magnus Barelegs' Expeditions to the West",
3577:
Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland
4654:
4631:
4527:
4512:
4426:
4052:
3662:
3566:
1957:
1322:
1300:
264:
106:
79:
47:
875:
692:
which may be evidence that he also controlled Mann at this point.
282:
King of the Norwegian Vikings of the whole of Ireland and Britain
148:
and perhaps "Rognvald" or "Reginald" in English language sources.
4684:
4649:
4568:
4477:
3293:"Lords of Mann – Manx Middle Ages – 1265 AD to 1765 AD"
2186:
Amlaíb mac Gofraid was identified by the 12th century chronicler
689:
647:
3862:
1964:
are generally not given titles by Scottish sources. However the
1022:
along with Balor grandson of Nét, his rival who is described as
274:
160:
4482:
3657:
No. 83 pp. 283–323. Irish Historical Studies Publications.
3160:
Megaw, B.R.S. (1959–60), "The Ship Seals of the Kings of Man",
1702:
named Ívarr, along with several of the knight's followers. The
1699:
1695:
1145:
75:
3719:
in Cowan, Edward J. and McDonald, Russell Andrew (eds) (2000)
448:
19th-century depiction of Magnus Barefoot's forces in Ireland.
3270:
3268:
2294:
McDonald (2007) "Note on orthography of personal names" p. 13
1343:
1070:
609:
may have inherited his father's territories in the Hebrides.
145:
3147:. Manx Notebook. Retrieved 1 August 2010. This source cited
1239:
Nephew of Muirchertach Ua Briain. Expelled by the Islesmen.
1026:('king of the Isles'), which may have meant the king of the
1961:
1384:, although modern research dates it to a much later period.
1339:
1074:
489:
438:
3717:
Hebridean sea kings: The successors of Somerled, 1164–1316
3265:
2094:, apparently set in the late ninth century. His daughter,
1632:
Son of Gofraid Donn and grandson of Raghnall mac Gofraidh
3149:
Wagner, A.R. (1959–60), "The Origin of the Arms of Man",
2283:"Unitary Authority Fact Sheet – Population and Area"
2263:
Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands
2260:
General Register Office for Scotland (28 November 2003)
1358:, with Arran possibly divided between him and Reginald.
3838:
2903:
2901:
3663:
Vikings in Ireland and Scotland in the Ninth Century
2664:
2662:
2565:
2563:
2473:. Icelandic Saga Database. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
1367:
1208:
Nominal control by under-age son of Magnus Barelegs
3674:
Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney
3393:
Early Sources of Scottish History: A.D. 500 to 1286
2898:
2602:
906:King of Northumbria and possibly King of the Isles
3650:(Mar 1979) "High-Kings, Vikings and Other Kings".
3033:Gregory (1881) pp. 6–8 and/or as otherwise stated.
2242:Isle of Man Government. Retrieved 11 January 2011.
2659:
2560:
1675:, hacking through the walls with their axes. The
4900:
3159:
2390:"Outer Hebrides/Innse Gall – area overview"
1100:Died whilst fighting with Amlaíb mac Gofraid at
508:Said to have been "brought under subjection" by
3148:
3111:"Finlaggan Eilean Mor - the Lords of the Isles"
999:
404:
170:
65:
59:
1131:
646:King of Mann and many of the other islands of
477:King of the Isles (and possibly King of Mann)
4189:
3824:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3021:. Historic Scotland. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
878:son of Otir in a naval battle off Man in 914
298:King of the Northmen/King of the Western Sea
2643:
2641:
1236:Regent during the minority of Olave the Red
484:and succeeded Amlaíb mac Gofraid as King of
3638:Munch, P.A. (ed) and Rev. Goss (tr) (1874)
3188:
3186:
1710:
1152:, the last Norwegian king to rule over the
64:, or "Southern Isles" as distinct from the
4196:
4182:
3831:
3817:
3316:
3314:
3222:
1606:Son of Olaf the Black, his rule was brief
1126:
669:Earl of Orkney & Mormaer of Caithness
585:Earl of Orkney & Mormaer of Caithness
4203:
3171:
2638:
858:Possibly as a vassal of Ragnall ua Ímair
3721:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the middle ages
3183:
2699:
2697:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2411:
2409:
2407:
1714:
1371:
1135:
443:
424:
408:
216:had a number of sons including Ivar and
150:
28:
3542:
3311:
3203:
3201:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3062:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3029:
3027:
3019:"Bishop's and Earl's Palaces, Kirkwall"
2987:
2985:
2983:
2933:
2931:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2850:
2848:
2774:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2723:
2721:
2711:
2709:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2508:
2506:
2345:
2343:
2333:
2331:
1948:in 1247. Ruaidhri's direct descendants
1855:Probably a son of Dubgall mac Somairle
1275:Somerled's sons & Godred the Black
814:
124:of the rulers' names is complicated as
14:
4901:
4325:Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland
2790:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2466:
2464:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
1987:Lists of monarchs in the British Isles
1506:Half-brother of Raghnall mac Gofraidh
285:May have succeeded his father briefly
4177:
3812:
3686:
3468:
3458:. Edinburgh. Dunedin Academic Press.
3003:
2694:
2595:
2593:
2445:
2404:
970:Possibly a son of Gofraid mac Arailt
855:Jarl and "Master of the Isle of Man"
220:, Ivar being killed in battle during
159:, the site of a 9th-century siege by
3217:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
3198:
3193:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
3178:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
3133:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
3078:
3069:
3057:
3045:
3036:
3024:
2980:
2956:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
2940:
2928:
2884:
2845:
2809:
2795:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
2769:
2757:
2739:
2718:
2706:
2685:
2671:
2572:
2551:
2503:
2395:
2340:
2328:
1361:The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
792:Son of "Harald the Black of Ysland"
3672:and Edwards, Paul Geoffrey (1981).
2949:
2781:
2461:
2297:
345:Possibly ruled by Uí Ímair dynasts
24:
4919:Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles
3752:The Celtic Place-Names of Scotland
3543:Howorth, Henry H. (January 1911).
2836:
2590:
2254:
1308:Lord of Argyll, Kintyre and Lorne
512:, King of England who died in 975
389:predam albidosorum idem nannindisi
25:
18:Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles
4945:
3666:CELT. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
1428:Half-brother of Godred the Black
1368:Kings of Mann and the North Isles
1167:Ruler of the Hebrides & Mann
921:to Amlaíb. Married a daughter of
367:It is also possible that Eiríkr,
269:Father of Amlaíb Conung and Ímar
4538:Port an Eilean Mhòir boat burial
4452:Scottish–Norwegian War (1262-66)
3368:
3359:
3350:
3341:
3332:
3323:
3302:
3286:
3277:
3256:
3247:
3238:
3210:
2967:Watson (1926) pp. 41-42 quoting
2916:Downham (2007) pp. 189, 197, 244
2392:. HIE. Retrieved 3 January 2011.
1897:Son of Donnchadh mac Dubhghaill
1723:in about 1200: the lands of the
3795:From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070
3603:. East Linton. Tuckwell Press.
3545:"Ragnall Ivarson and Jarl Otir"
3374:Anderson (1922) vol. ii, p. 549
3365:Anderson (1922) vol. ii, p. 554
3138:
3126:
3117:
3103:
3094:
3012:
2994:
2961:
2919:
2910:
2875:
2866:
2857:
2827:
2818:
2800:
2748:
2730:
2650:
2629:
2620:
2611:
2581:
2542:
2533:
2524:
2515:
2494:
2485:
2476:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2352:
2319:
2193:
2180:
2171:
2162:
2152:
2142:
2133:
2116:
2106:
2090:Ketill Flatnose appears in the
2084:
2065:
2045:
2031:
455:Ruler of the Hebrides and Mann
3733:Thomson, William P. L. (2008)
3714:Sellar, William David Hamilton
3690:The Scottish Historical Review
3434:. Leicester University Press.
2539:Downham (2007) pp. 107, 115-20
2288:
2276:
2245:
2226:
2217:
2022:
2009:
1918:Son of Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill
1160:can be seen in the background.
656:and grandson of Amlaíb Cuarán
605:Thomson (2008) suggests Einar
394:Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
13:
1:
3617:. Dublin. Four Courts Press.
3596:. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
3549:The English Historical Review
3399:. Edinburgh. Oliver and Boyd.
2273:. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
1997:
1554:Son of Raghnall mac Gofraidh
1529:Son of Dubgall mac Somairle?
1117:Fought with Amlaíb Cuarán at
1033:Various later rulers such as
789:King of Dublin and the Isles
742:King of Dublin and the Isles
672:Vassal of the King of Norway
588:Vassal of the King of Norway
528:Brother of Maccus mac Arailt
429:The preserved remains of the
361:(d. 941) as Kings of Dublin.
52:islands of the Firth of Clyde
3660:Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1998)
3491:
3430:Crawford, Barbara E. (1987)
3420:. Musselburgh. Goblinshead.
2682:Etchingham (2001) pp. 157–58
1940:Ragnall mac Somairle's son,
1926:Anecdotes of Olave the Black
1876:Son of Ragnall mac Somairle
1834:Son of Dubgall mac Somairle
1813:Son of Dubgall mac Somairle
1350:; Islay and Kintyre went to
1223:Eldest son of Godred Crovan
1000:Early rulers of the Hebrides
405:Late 10th and 11th centuries
171:9th and early 10th centuries
103:descendants of Godred Crovan
7:
4924:Monarchs of the Isle of Man
4300:Ingibjörg the Earls'-Mother
3613:McDonald, R. Andrew (2007)
3599:McDonald, R. Andrew (1997)
3274:Anderson (1922) pp. 553–554
3253:Anderson (1922) pp. 473–478
2042:unless otherwise indicated.
1975:
1655:King of Mann and the Isles
1603:King of Mann and the Isles
1577:King of Mann and the Isles
1503:King of Mann and the Isles
1380:is popularly attributed to
1229:Domnall mac Taidc Uí Briain
1189:Possibly King of the Isles
1156:died in 1263. The spire of
1132:Kings of Mann and the Isles
1114:Tributary King of the Gall
349:(d. 920/1) who ruled Mann,
10:
4950:
4840:Associated clans and septs
3699:Edinburgh University Press
3299:. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
3235:Sellar (2000) pp. 194, 202
2415:Ó Corráin (1998) pp. 36–37
2325:MacDonald (1997) pp 257-59
1932:) state that there were 3
1267:King of Man and the Isles
986:Earl of "one half of Man"
572:Son of Gofraid mac Arailt
421:, minted at Dublin c. 1050
243:Annals of the Four Masters
36:Annals of the Four Masters
4934:Norway–Scotland relations
4914:Isle of Man-related lists
4909:Lists of British monarchs
4838:
4757:
4731:
4693:
4640:
4561:
4470:
4404:
4343:
4320:Margaret, Queen of Norway
4280:Gormflaith ingen Murchada
4252:
4211:
4164:
4086:
4030:
3924:
3881:
3850:
3735:The New History of Orkney
3589:Johnstone J. (ed) (1780)
3579:. Edinburgh. Mainstream.
2937:Downham (2007) pp. 132–33
2251:Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 2
1930:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1684:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
1519:Gille Escoib mac Dubgaill
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1142:Bishop's Palace, Kirkwall
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
953:
950:
947:
944:
841:
838:
835:
832:
727:King of Dublin and Mann?
463:
460:
457:
454:
195:Unknown father of Thórir
189:
186:
183:
180:
94:) were recurring themes.
4315:Margaret, Maid of Norway
4265:Bethóc, Prioress of Iona
3982:Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó
3652:Irish Historical Studies
3416:Coventry, Martin (2008)
3000:Etchingham (2001) p. 167
2806:Power (1986) p. 116–117.
2635:Etchingham (2001) p. 180
2017:Rex Manniae et Insularum
1711:Kings of the South Isles
1480:Son of Godred the Black
776:Son of Godred Sitricson
735:Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó
629:Possibly as a vassal of
33:Signature page from the
4391:Thorbjorn Thorsteinsson
4310:Máel Muire ingen Amlaíb
3987:Echmarcach mac Ragnaill
3762:. First published 1926.
3406:. Abingdon. Routledge.
3145:"The Three Legs of Man"
3091:Gregory (1881) pp. 9–17
3075:Duffy (1992) pp. 127–28
3066:Duffy (1992) pp. 125–26
3042:Hunter (2000) pp. 102–3
2946:Duffy (1992) pp. 121–22
2854:Woolf (2007) pp. 140–41
2824:Woolf (2007) pp. 293–94
2766:Duffy (1992) pp. 100–01
2703:Duffy (2006) pp. 53, 55
2482:Ó Corráin (1979) p. 298
2268:7 February 2012 at the
2190:as "King of the Isles".
1738:Rulers of the Hebrides
1729:descendants of Somerled
1127:12th and 13th centuries
1108:Conmael mac Gilla Airi
1043:Rulers of the Hebrides
698:Echmarcach mac Ragnaill
66:
60:
4335:Ragnhildis Olafsdottir
4156:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí
4114:Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill
3783:. Edinburgh. Birlinn.
3754:. Edinburgh; Birlinn.
3737:. Edinburgh. Birlinn.
3454:Downham, Clare (2007)
3320:MacDonald (1997) p. 68
3308:MacDonald (1997) p. 90
3297:Manx National Heritage
3283:Anderson (1922) p. 567
3262:Anderson (1922) p. 554
3244:Coventry (2008) p. 545
2991:Ó Corráin (1998) p. 17
2578:Ó Corráin (1998) p. 11
2458:Gregory (1881) pp. 4–6
2401:Ó Corráin (1998) p. 34
2349:Ó Corráin (1998) p. 24
1946:Battle of Ballyshannon
1942:Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill
1907:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhri
1865:Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill
1802:Donnchadh mac Dubgaill
1732:
1704:Chronicle of Lanercost
1667:Chronicle of Lanercost
1658:Son of Olaf the Black
1622:Aralt mac Gofraid Donn
1580:Son of Olaf the Black
1526:King of the Suðreyjar
1385:
1205:Direct Norwegian rule
1192:Direct Norwegian rule
1161:
1057:Indech mac Dé Domnand
449:
441:
422:
181:Ruler of the Hebrides
167:
136:in Icelandic sources,
39:
4739:Scottish island names
4562:Artifacts and culture
4239:Mormaers of Caithness
4205:Scandinavian Scotland
4109:Somairle mac Dubgaill
4078:Aonghus mac Somhairle
4073:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson
3770:Mediaeval Scandinavia
3561:10.1093/ehr/xxvi.ci.1
3448:, 26, pp. 55–73.
3432:Scandinavian Scotland
3338:Johnstone (1780) p. 5
2907:Downham (2007) p. 183
2833:Downham (2007) p. 178
2754:Downham (2007) p. 198
2745:Downham (2007) p. 171
2736:Downham (2007) p. 187
2656:Crawford (1987) p. 71
2647:Thompson (2008) p. 73
2626:Downham (2007) p. 267
2617:Downham (2007) p. 197
2608:Downham (2007) p. 185
2587:Downham (2007) p. 253
2548:Downham (2007) p. 154
2530:Downham (2007) p. 155
2521:McDonald (1997) p. 32
2500:Thompson (2008) p. 25
2491:Downham (2007) p. 238
2370:Downham (2007) p. 254
2223:McDonald (2007) p. 42
1982:List of Manx consorts
1844:Somairle mac Dubgaill
1718:
1570:Aralt mac Amlaíb Duib
1470:Raghnall mac Gofraidh
1465:Rögnvaldr Guðrøðarson
1375:
1284:Somerled's sons were
1270:Son of Olave the Red
1254:Son of Godred Crovan
1139:
1082:King of the Hebrides
1012:were the home of the
967:"King of the Swedes"
602:Joint Earl of Orkney
447:
428:
412:
237:Lord of the Hebrides
154:
113:, following the 1266
32:
4758:Battles and treaties
4412:Kingdom of the Isles
4330:Ragnhild Eriksdotter
4285:Gunnhild Gormsdóttir
4275:Cacht ingen Ragnaill
4126:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson
4104:Dubgall mac Dubgaill
4068:Ragnall mac Somairle
4063:Dubgall mac Somairle
3977:Murchad mac Diarmata
3844:Kingdom of the Isles
3676:. Penguin Classics.
3648:Ó Corráin, Donnchadh
3446:Anglo-Norman Studies
3418:Castles of the Clans
3329:Sellar (2000) p. 202
3207:Gregory (1881) p. 17
3180:(1874) various pages
3100:Gregory (1881) p. 13
2872:Downham (2007) p. 30
2863:Howorth (1911) p. 12
2424:Marsden (2008) p. 18
2379:Hunter (2000) p. 104
2233:"Physical Geography"
1928:(which are based on
1915:King of the Sudreys
1894:King of the Sudreys
1852:King of the Sudreys
1831:King of the Sudreys
1823:Dubgall mac Dubgaill
1810:King of the Sudreys
1781:Ragnall mac Somairle
1760:Dubgall mac Somairle
1545:Gofraid mac Ragnaill
1540:Guðrøðr Rögnvaldsson
1097:King of the Islands
1063:King of the Fomoire
815:Early rulers of Mann
719:Murchad mac Diarmata
554:Mormaer of Caithness
214:Rognvald Eysteinsson
44:Kingdom of the Isles
4627:St Magnus Cathedral
4503:Cubbie Roo's Castle
4447:Davidian Revolution
4290:Helga Moddansdóttir
4260:Aud the Deep-Minded
4141:Haraldr Guðrøðarson
4099:Donnchadh of Argyll
4022:Sigurðr Jórsalafari
4007:Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson
3992:Gofraid mac Sitriuc
3957:Lagmann mac Gofraid
3952:Thorfinn the Mighty
3932:Ragnall mac Gofraid
3793:Woolf, Alex (2007)
3356:Woolf (2006) p. 109
3347:Woolf (2006) p. 108
3123:Woolf (2006) p. 103
3054:Duffy (1992) p. 115
2925:Woolf (2007) p. 197
2895:Woolf (2007) p. 168
2881:Woolf (2007) p. 163
2842:Howorth (1911) p. 8
2815:Duffy (1992) p. 109
2778:Duffy (1992) p. 108
2727:Duffy (1992) p. 100
2715:Woolf (2007) p. 245
2691:Woolf (2007) p. 267
2668:Woolf (2007) p. 246
2599:Gregory (1881) p. 5
2569:Woolf (2007) p. 174
2557:Woolf (2007) p. 181
2512:Woolf (2007) p. 148
2442:Woolf (2007) p. 110
2433:Woolf (2007) p. 296
2337:Woolf (2007) p. 109
2201:William of Jumièges
2096:Aud the Deep-Minded
2054:or in modern usage
1617:Haraldr Guðrøðarson
1378:Manx Sword of State
1158:St Magnus Cathedral
960:Lagmann mac Gofraid
909:After the death of
662:Thorfinn the Mighty
562:Ragnall mac Gofraid
488:in 941 and died on
307:Ásbjǫrn skerjablesi
230:Gofraid mac Fergusa
111:Kingdom of Scotland
4621:Sen dollotar Ulaid
4575:Chronicles of Mann
4295:Ingeborg of Norway
4136:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
4058:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
3997:Fingal mac Gofraid
3937:Amlaíb mac Sitriuc
3916:Gofraid mac Arailt
3723:. Tuckwell Press.
3477:. pp. 51–65.
3389:Anderson, Alan Orr
3382:General references
3009:Woolf (2006) p. 99
2471:"The Laxdale Saga"
2130:. He died c. 1025.
2124:Battle of Clontarf
1873:King of the Isles
1789:King of the Isles
1768:King of the Isles
1733:
1596:Ragnall mac Amlaíb
1591:Rögnvaldr Óláfsson
1496:Amlaíb mac Gofraid
1477:King of the Isles
1451:King of the Isles
1444:Gofraid mac Amlaíb
1386:
1331:Battle of Epiphany
1214:Lagmann Godredsson
1162:
1150:Haakon Haakonarson
899:Amlaíb mac Gofraid
884:Gothfrith ua Ímair
799:Lagmann Godredsson
569:King of the Isles
525:King of the Isles
518:Gofraid mac Arailt
510:Edgar the Peaceful
505:King of the Isles
450:
442:
435:Viking Ship Museum
423:
359:Amlaíb mac Gofraid
328:King of the Isles
248:toisech Innsi Gall
168:
40:
4896:
4895:
4863:Macaulay of Lewis
4396:Thorstein the Red
4344:Other notable men
4171:
4170:
4094:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
4043:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
4038:Domnall mac Taidc
3911:Maccus mac Arailt
3889:Olaf Guthfrithson
3803:978-0-7486-1234-5
3776:pp. 199–213.
3743:978-1-84158-696-0
3634:978-1-904607-80-9
3623:978-1-84682-047-2
3475:Four Courts Press
3464:978-1-903765-89-0
3426:978-1-899874-36-1
2188:John of Worcester
1992:Lord of the Isles
1922:
1921:
1902:Dugald MacRuairi
1662:
1661:
1648:Mágnus mac Amlaib
1612:Harald Godredsson
1586:Ragnvald Olafsson
1491:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
1319:
1318:
1124:
1123:
1079:pre 9th century?
1060:pre 9th century?
1019:Cath Maige Tuired
990:
989:
933:Lagmann Godredson
929:
928:
893:Father of Amlaíb
812:
811:
638:Olaf Sigtryggsson
498:Maccus mac Arailt
480:Amlaíb was later
365:
364:
218:Thorir the Silent
207:According to the
16:(Redirected from
4941:
4553:St Magnus Church
4548:Scar boat burial
4493:Brough of Birsay
4386:Sweyn Asleifsson
4381:Ragnall ua Ímair
4198:
4191:
4184:
4175:
4174:
4151:Eóghan of Argyll
4131:Haraldr Óláfsson
4048:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
3942:Sigurd the Stout
3833:
3826:
3819:
3810:
3809:
3709:
3670:Pálsson, Hermann
3564:
3511:
3488:
3404:The Viking World
3375:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3330:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3309:
3306:
3300:
3290:
3284:
3281:
3275:
3272:
3263:
3260:
3254:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3196:
3190:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3157:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3076:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3055:
3052:
3043:
3040:
3034:
3031:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2992:
2989:
2978:
2975:Book of Leinster
2965:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2938:
2935:
2926:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2908:
2905:
2896:
2893:
2882:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2843:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2798:
2792:
2779:
2776:
2767:
2764:
2755:
2752:
2746:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2716:
2713:
2704:
2701:
2692:
2689:
2683:
2680:
2669:
2666:
2657:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2636:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2618:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2588:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2501:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2483:
2480:
2474:
2468:
2459:
2456:
2443:
2440:
2434:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2402:
2399:
2393:
2388:See for example
2386:
2380:
2377:
2371:
2368:
2362:
2356:
2350:
2347:
2338:
2335:
2326:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2295:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2243:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2131:
2120:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2088:
2082:
2069:
2063:
2049:
2043:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2020:
2013:
1970:Eóghan of Argyll
1966:Icelandic Annals
1792:Son of Somerled
1771:Son of Somerled
1744:Period of Reign
1735:
1734:
1565:Haraldr Óláfsson
1439:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
1434:Godred the Black
1400:Period of Reign
1388:
1387:
1260:Godred the Black
1198:Sigurd Magnusson
1170:Period of Reign
1164:
1163:
1040:
1039:
942:
941:
864:Ragnall ua Ímair
836:Period of Reign
830:
829:
766:Fingal Godredson
751:Godred Sitricson
654:Sitric Silkbeard
594:Einar Sigurdsson
578:Sigurd the Stout
546:Sigurd the Stout
452:
451:
417:" coin from the
387:is described as
355:Gofraid ua Ímair
347:Ragnall ua Ímair
178:
177:
157:Dumbarton Castle
69:
63:
21:
4949:
4948:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4834:
4830:Treaty of Perth
4753:
4727:
4689:
4636:
4609:Orkneyinga saga
4603:Manx runestones
4557:
4543:Rubha an Dùnain
4518:Kirkwall Castle
4488:Bishop's Palace
4466:
4400:
4339:
4248:
4234:Lords of Argyll
4224:Earls of Orkney
4207:
4202:
4172:
4167:
4160:
4146:Magnús Óláfsson
4082:
4026:
4017:Magnús berfœttr
3971:Ímar mac Arailt
3963:Haakon Ericsson
3920:
3900:Ketill Flatnose
3877:
3846:
3837:
3807:
3781:The Argyll Book
3697:(180, part 2),
3526:Gregory, Donald
3522:pp. 145–87
3485:
3471:Medieval Dublin
3379:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3342:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3319:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3291:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3266:
3261:
3257:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3223:
3215:
3211:
3206:
3199:
3191:
3184:
3176:
3172:
3143:
3139:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3118:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3058:
3053:
3046:
3041:
3037:
3032:
3025:
3017:
3013:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2995:
2990:
2981:
2970:Lebor na hUidre
2966:
2962:
2954:
2950:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2899:
2894:
2885:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2793:
2782:
2777:
2770:
2765:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2719:
2714:
2707:
2702:
2695:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2672:
2667:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2568:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2359:Orkneyinga Saga
2357:
2353:
2348:
2341:
2336:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2298:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2270:Wayback Machine
2259:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2238:26 May 2012 at
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2207:
2199:Referred to by
2198:
2194:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2089:
2085:
2070:
2066:
2050:
2046:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1978:
1881:Ewen of Argyll
1818:Dugald Screech
1713:
1673:Rothesay Castle
1643:Magnus Óláfsson
1638:Magnus Olafsson
1560:Harald Olafsson
1370:
1182:Magnus Barelegs
1134:
1129:
1024:righ na n-Innsi
1006:Irish mythology
1002:
948:Period of Rule
945:Rulers of Mann
903:pre 935 to 941
833:Rulers of Mann
825:Gaelic language
817:
678:Ímar mac Arailt
615:Håkon Eiriksson
544:Operated under
458:Period of Rule
407:
399:Alfred P. Smyth
377:Harald Fairhair
321:Ketill Flatnose
301:Ímar's brother
222:Harald Fairhair
210:Orkneyinga saga
203:Viking Scotland
173:
115:Treaty of Perth
99:Magnus Barelegs
92:Earls of Orkney
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4947:
4937:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4844:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4825:Treaty of 1098
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4761:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4744:Northern Isles
4741:
4735:
4733:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4699:
4697:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4646:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4617:
4612:
4605:
4600:
4598:Lewis chessmen
4595:
4590:
4588:Galloway Hoard
4585:
4578:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4437:Outer Hebrides
4434:
4429:
4424:
4422:Gall-Ghàidheil
4419:
4414:
4408:
4406:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4366:Olaf the White
4363:
4358:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4229:Crovan dynasty
4226:
4221:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4201:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4178:
4169:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4090:
4088:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
4002:Gofraid Crobán
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3967:
3966:
3960:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3897:
3892:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3836:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3813:
3806:
3805:
3791:
3777:
3763:
3745:
3731:
3711:
3684:
3667:
3658:
3645:
3636:
3626:
3611:
3597:
3587:
3570:
3540:
3523:
3512:
3502:(43): 93–133.
3489:
3483:
3466:
3452:
3442:
3428:
3414:
3400:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3340:
3331:
3322:
3310:
3301:
3285:
3276:
3264:
3255:
3246:
3237:
3221:
3209:
3197:
3182:
3170:
3137:
3125:
3116:
3102:
3093:
3077:
3068:
3056:
3044:
3035:
3023:
3011:
3002:
2993:
2979:
2960:
2948:
2939:
2927:
2918:
2909:
2897:
2883:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2780:
2768:
2756:
2747:
2738:
2729:
2717:
2705:
2693:
2684:
2670:
2658:
2649:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2589:
2580:
2571:
2559:
2550:
2541:
2532:
2523:
2514:
2502:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2460:
2444:
2435:
2426:
2417:
2403:
2394:
2381:
2372:
2363:
2351:
2339:
2327:
2318:
2296:
2287:
2275:
2253:
2244:
2225:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2192:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2151:
2141:
2132:
2115:
2105:
2083:
2078:Eyrbyggja Saga
2073:Olaf the White
2064:
2044:
2030:
2021:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1974:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1756:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1725:Crovan dynasty
1712:
1709:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1486:Olaf the Black
1482:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1391:Kings of Mann
1382:Olaf the Black
1369:
1366:
1327:Lord of Argyll
1317:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1073:, grandson of
1067:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1028:Inner Hebrides
1010:Outer Hebrides
1001:
998:
988:
987:
984:
981:
978:
972:
971:
968:
965:
962:
956:
955:
952:
949:
946:
927:
926:
923:Constantine II
907:
904:
901:
895:
894:
891:
889:
886:
880:
879:
872:
869:
866:
860:
859:
856:
853:
850:
844:
843:
840:
837:
834:
816:
813:
810:
809:
806:
804:
801:
794:
793:
790:
787:
784:
778:
777:
774:
771:
768:
762:
761:
759:
756:
753:
747:
746:
743:
740:
737:
731:
730:
728:
725:
722:
715:
714:
707:
704:
701:
694:
693:
686:
684:
681:
674:
673:
670:
667:
666:c 1035–c 1058
664:
658:
657:
650:
644:
641:
634:
633:
631:Cnut the Great
627:
621:
618:
611:
610:
603:
600:
597:
590:
589:
586:
583:
580:
574:
573:
570:
567:
564:
558:
557:
550:Earl of Orkney
542:
539:
536:
530:
529:
526:
523:
520:
514:
513:
506:
503:
500:
494:
493:
482:King of Dublin
478:
475:
472:
466:
465:
462:
459:
456:
419:British Museum
413:A posthumous "
406:
403:
363:
362:
343:
341:
338:
334:
333:
329:
326:
323:
317:
316:
314:
312:
309:
303:
302:
299:
296:
293:
287:
286:
283:
280:
277:
271:
270:
267:
261:
258:
252:
251:
238:
235:
232:
226:
225:
205:
199:
196:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
172:
169:
72:Northern Isles
46:comprised the
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4946:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4837:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4756:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4724:
4723:Old Norwegian
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:Law Ting Holm
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4560:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4523:Linton Chapel
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4403:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:Páll Bálkason
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4342:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:Notable women
4251:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4219:List of kings
4217:
4216:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4199:
4194:
4192:
4187:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4166:^ Speculative
4163:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3906:Amlaíb Cuarán
3904:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3874:
3873:Amlaíb Conung
3871:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3834:
3829:
3827:
3822:
3820:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3790:
3789:1-84158-480-0
3786:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3760:1-84158-323-5
3757:
3753:
3749:
3748:Watson, W. J.
3746:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3730:
3729:1-86232-151-5
3726:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
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623:Ruler of the
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382:
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370:
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357:(d. 934) and
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38:
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31:
27:
19:
4703:Middle Irish
4619:
4607:
4582:Darraðarljóð
4580:
4573:
4533:Old Scatness
4351:Caittil Find
4305:Isabel Bruce
4218:
4121:Óspakr-Hákon
4087:13th century
4031:12th century
3925:11th century
3882:10th century
3839:
3794:
3780:
3773:
3769:
3751:
3734:
3720:
3716:
3694:
3688:
3673:
3661:
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3455:
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3403:
3396:
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3361:
3352:
3343:
3334:
3325:
3304:
3288:
3279:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3219:(1874) p. 79
3216:
3212:
3195:(1874) p. 75
3192:
3177:
3173:
3165:
3161:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3135:(1874) p. 61
3132:
3128:
3119:
3105:
3096:
3071:
3038:
3014:
3005:
2996:
2968:
2963:
2958:(1874) p. 57
2955:
2951:
2942:
2921:
2912:
2877:
2868:
2859:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2811:
2802:
2797:(1874) p. 51
2794:
2750:
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2622:
2613:
2604:
2583:
2574:
2553:
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2535:
2526:
2517:
2496:
2487:
2478:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2397:
2384:
2375:
2366:
2361:: Chapter 4.
2358:
2354:
2321:
2290:
2278:
2261:
2256:
2247:
2228:
2219:
2195:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2135:
2127:
2118:
2108:
2101:Caittil Find
2099:Ketill with
2092:Laxdœla saga
2086:
2076:
2067:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2033:
2024:
2016:
2011:
1956:, who ruled
1939:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1905:
1884:
1870:1207?–1247?
1863:
1842:
1821:
1800:
1779:
1758:
1741:Gaelic name
1720:
1703:
1693:
1689:Gofraid Donn
1682:
1676:
1665:
1663:
1647:
1642:
1621:
1616:
1595:
1590:
1569:
1564:
1544:
1539:
1535:Gofraid Donn
1518:
1512:Óspakr-Hákon
1495:
1490:
1469:
1464:
1454:Re-instated
1443:
1438:
1397:Gaelic name
1359:
1336:
1320:
1312:
1153:
1032:
1023:
1017:
1003:
991:
937:Brian Bóruma
930:
888:pre 927 to?
868:914 to 921?
818:
773:King of Man
758:King of Man
710:
624:
606:
474:c. 941?–980
431:Oseberg ship
392:
388:
379:. A raid on
369:King of York
366:
351:Sitric Cáech
260:pre 872–873
247:
241:
208:
174:
141:
137:
133:
119:
97:Invasion by
96:
84:
41:
34:
26:
4820:Vestrajǫrðr
4795:Isle of Man
4471:Archaeology
4371:Olvir Rosta
3851:9th century
3766:Woolf, Alex
3701:: 107–132,
3162:Manx Museum
3151:Manx Museum
2060:Highlanders
2040:patronymics
1912:1249–1266?
1765:1164–c1175
1681:version of
1678:Eirspennill
1652:1252–1265?
1574:1237–1248?
1394:Norse name
919:Northumbria
821:Isle of Man
643:1030?–1034
599:1014–1016?
486:Northumbria
381:Northumbria
140:in Gaelic,
122:orthography
56:Isle of Man
4903:Categories
4873:MacDougall
4868:Mac Coitir
4770:Brunanburh
4665:Lunnasting
2056:Innse Gall
2052:Innsi Gall
1998:References
1891:1248–1263
1786:1164–1207
1626:1249–1250
1500:1226–1237
1474:1188–1226
1448:1164–1187
1425:No record
1354:; Bute to
1305:1158–1164
1278:1156–1158
1264:1154–1156
1249:1112–1152
1233:1111–1112
1218:1103–1110
1202:1102–1103
1186:1098–1102
1102:Brunanburh
852:912?–914?
803:1095–1098
786:1079–1094
739:1070–1072
724:1061–1070
711:Innse Gall
703:1052–1061
620:1016–1030
582:1005–1014
353:(d. 927),
340:c 900–941
325:c 890–900
246:calls him
142:Reginaldus
138:Rag(h)nall
67:Norðreyjar
4888:MacDonald
4858:Somhairle
4732:Etymology
4713:Old Norse
4675:Sandsting
4615:Ounceland
4508:Earl's Bu
4498:Camas Uig
4417:Dál Riata
4356:Ingimundr
4012:Ingimundr
3895:Gebeachan
2211:Footnotes
1950:Dubhghall
1924:The 1780
1849:? – 1230
1839:Somerled
1721:Suðreyjar
1154:Sudreyjar
1090:Gebeachan
1035:Gebeachan
1014:Fomorians
911:Athelstan
874:Defeated
839:Title(s)
797:Possibly
713:as well.
607:rangmunnr
134:Rognvaldr
126:Old Norse
61:Suðreyjar
4929:Uí Ímair
4883:Macruari
4853:Uí Ímair
4790:Epiphany
4775:Clontarf
4749:Hebrides
4695:Language
4680:Tingwall
4655:Dingwall
4642:Althings
4632:Udal law
4593:Hogbacks
4528:Maeshowe
4513:Jarlshof
4457:Scotland
4442:Shetland
4427:Lochlann
4361:Ljótólfr
4244:Uí Ímair
4053:Somerled
3707:25530199
3508:30007421
2973:and the
2266:Archived
2236:Archived
2128:Suðreyar
1976:See also
1960:and the
1958:Garmoran
1934:Sudreyan
1727:and the
1460:Ragnvald
1419:Unknown
1416:Unknown
1412:Reginald
1323:Somerled
1301:Somerled
980:d. 1098
913:in 939,
683:c 1045?
625:Suðreyar
337:Unknown
265:Lochlann
263:King of
256:Gofraidh
201:King of
107:Somerled
87:Uí Ímair
80:Shetland
54:and the
48:Hebrides
4878:MacLeod
4810:Skyhill
4805:Renfrew
4718:Pictish
4685:Tynwald
4670:Nesting
4650:Delting
4569:Birlinn
4478:Bornish
4405:History
3858:Gofraid
3842:of the
3750:(1994)
3575:(2000)
3528:(1881)
3516:Peritia
3391:(1922)
2075:in the
1797:Duncan
1776:Ranald
1755:Dugald
1356:Aonghas
1352:Ragnall
1294:Aonghus
1290:Ragnall
1286:Dubgall
994:Santwat
964:?–1005
770:1074–?
755:?–1074
690:Rathlin
652:Son of
648:Denmark
566:?–1005
492:in 981
433:in the
415:Sihtric
391:in the
234:d. 853
155:Modern
4780:Dollar
4483:Birsay
4462:Norway
4432:Orkney
4270:Bjaðǫk
4212:Rulers
3840:Rulers
3801:
3787:
3758:
3741:
3727:
3705:
3680:
3632:
3621:
3607:
3583:
3536:
3506:
3481:
3462:
3438:
3424:
3410:
1954:Ailean
1886:Eóghan
1860:Ruari
1750:Notes
1747:Title
1700:knight
1696:Rushen
1406:Notes
1403:Title
1176:Notes
1173:Title
1148:where
1146:Orkney
1052:Notes
1049:Title
954:Notes
951:Title
917:ceded
915:Edmund
842:Notes
552:&
538:990–?
522:?–989
502:980–?
464:Notes
461:Title
190:Notes
187:Title
184:Dates
130:Gaelic
76:Orkney
50:, the
4800:Largs
4785:Barry
4765:Bauds
3947:Gilli
3703:JSTOR
3593:Notes
3567:JSTOR
3565:Also
3504:JSTOR
2003:Notes
1962:Uists
1698:by a
1600:1249
1549:1230
1523:1230
1422:1164
1344:Tiree
1071:Balor
1046:Date
983:Jarl
976:Ottar
876:Bárid
541:Jarl
534:Gilli
146:Latin
4848:Gunn
4815:Tara
4708:Norn
3867:Ivar
3863:Ímar
3799:ISBN
3785:ISBN
3756:ISBN
3739:ISBN
3725:ISBN
3678:ISBN
3630:ISBN
3619:ISBN
3605:ISBN
3581:ISBN
3534:ISBN
3495:Ériu
3479:ISBN
3460:ISBN
3436:ISBN
3422:ISBN
3408:ISBN
3158:and
1952:and
1719:The
1376:The
1348:Jura
1346:and
1340:Coll
1292:and
1140:The
1119:Tara
1111:980
1094:937
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