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259:, was a five-card game using a shortened deck, an up-turned trump card and played either in partnership or singlehandedly with 2-7 players. The earliest reference to a card game called "Triumph" in English is a 1522 translation of a French book. The earliest reference of "Triumph" being played in England is in a sermon by
305:
Play begins with the person to the dealer's left. The player leads a card and all other players follow suit if possible. A player who cannot follow suit may play any card. The trick is won by the highest ranked card, i.e. by the highest trump card and if no trump card is played, by the highest card
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originates from an obscure 15th-century
Italian game known as Ronfa and probably entered the English language through the French equivalent of Ronfle – first recorded in 1458 – where it meant "point" as formerly in the game of
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Except on eight points, honours are declared immediately to end the game. One can declare three or more honours in your hand, or with two honours call "Can-ye?" and if your partner has an honour score
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thought the name was just a synonym for Trump. The game was also known as Slamm, a less popular form was called Whist, and it was closely related to Ruffe and Trump described by
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The rules appear to be slightly different e.g. it was either played by two players or by two teams of two or three players each. See, for example, Cotton (1674).
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In Antony and
Cleopatra (Act IV, Scene XIV), Antony uses a Trump metaphor: " Pack'd cards with Caesar, and false-play'd my glory; Unto an enemy's triumph."
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Honours in the partnership's hands are usually scored at the end. Two points for three honours; four points for all four honours (AKQJ of trumps).
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The holder of the Ace of trump, or Dealer if the Ace of Trumps is exposed, "ruffs" by picking up the stock and discarding any four cards.
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274:. By the late 16th-century, due to confusion by English players, ruff acquired its English meaning of "to trump".
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The game has been reconstructed from Cotton's "ruff and honours" and
Willughby's similar "ruffe and trump".
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425:, a different game. Trionfi was not in Bernardino's original sermon but in an interpolation added in 1472.
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Twelve tricks are played as normal, scoring one point for each trick the partners have in excess of six.
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Willughby speculated that there was an earlier simple trick-taking game without the ruff and honours.
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Historical Notes on our
National Card Game by Cavendish - London Society, 1866, V. IX. pg. 65
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of 1674 where it is described as being commonly known in all parts of
England. At the time
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that was popular in the 16th and 17th centuries; it was superseded in the 18th century by
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and others state that ruff and honours was a descendant of the French game of
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Played with a standard 52-card French deck with cards ranked AKQJ1098765432.
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in 1529. The earliest mention of
Triomphe goes back to France in the 1480s.
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Four players form two teams of two, partners sitting opposite one another.
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636:. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 593.
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by
Francis Willughby, David Cram, Jeffrey L. Forgeng, Dorothy Johnston
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419:'s 1423 sermon. However, the "Triumph" mentioned is actually
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584:(Archived) (Italian) at TreTre. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
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Deals continue until one side wins by reaching nine points.
519:"Euchre: historic card game described by David Parlett"
343:, both by Thomas Heywood, Katharine Lee Bates 1917
292:12 cards are dealt to each player, four at a time.
1420:
255:). Triomphe, whose English variant was known as
463:
461:
694:
582:La Ronfa, un gioco di carte del Quattrocento.
556:Letter of pardon AN, JJ/289/166, dated 1458.
413:La Petite Dyablerie dont Lucifer est le chef
458:
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666:Medieval & Renaissance Games Home Page
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546:. Naples: Bibliopolis. pp. 158–160.
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672:London Society, An Illustrated Magazine
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469:"Game Report: English Ruff and Honours"
14:
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570:. London: Duckworth. pp. 181–184.
439:
409:The chirche of the euyll men and women
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295:The remaining four cards become the
83:The Honours when Diamonds are trumps
24:
25:
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493:Francis Willughby's Book of Games
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415:(1511) which in turn translated
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215:Ruff and Honours is covered in
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1396:Patience and solitaire games
446:Morehead, Albert H. (1991).
386:
334:A Woman Killed with Kindness
7:
1405:Tarot and Tarock card games
1387:Non trick-taking card games
1046:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
930:GĂ©, Point, Flux et Sequence
870:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
523:David Parlett Gourmet Games
411:(1522) is a translation of
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448:The Complete Hoyle Revised
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566:Dummett, Michael (1980).
542:Dummett, Michael (1993).
340:The Fair Maid of the West
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660:English Ruff and Honours
595:"Elizabethan Card Games"
1429:16th-century card games
1378:Trick-taking card games
750:Hannikin canst abide it
633:Encyclopædia Britannica
1444:French deck card games
27:Trick-taking card game
452:Doubleday_(publisher)
222:The Compleat Gamester
123:Tactics and Strategy
580:Depaulis, Thierry.
544:Il Mondo e l'angelo
417:Bernardino of Siena
32:
1434:English card games
760:Laugh and lie down
36:Precursor to Whist
30:
1416:
1415:
568:The Game of Tarot
454:. pp. 93–95.
251:→ Modern English
231:Francis Willughby
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618:Chisholm, Hugh
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168:Related games
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1375:{{
1322:Hundertspiel
1111:Hundertspiel
1101:German Tarok
1056:Bierschlauch
880:Bête Hombrée
865:As Qui Court
824:
765:Losing lodam
675:Google Books
670:
631:
624:
602:. Retrieved
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526:. Retrieved
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476:. Retrieved
473:Jducoeur.com
472:
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441:
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408:
404:
395:
338:
332:
306:in suit led.
281:
265:
261:Hugh Latimer
252:
248:
235:
220:
214:
198:trick-taking
193:
189:
185:
184:
152:Playing time
106:Trick-taking
1247:Primo visto
1191:Scherwenzel
1181:Sansprendre
1151:MĂĽller Matz
1141:Kontraspiel
1116:Juckerspiel
1106:Grobhäusern
1096:German Solo
1091:FĂĽnfzehnern
1051:Bester Bube
960:Hoc Mazarin
830:Speculation
795:Pope Julius
740:French ruff
709:Historical
478:15 December
371:Primo visto
257:French Ruff
1423:Categories
1352:(Scottish)
1340:(Austrian)
1318:Elfmandeln
1221:Vogelspiel
1216:Trischaken
885:Bouillotte
711:card games
604:2016-04-07
528:2016-04-07
433:References
324:Literature
1358:(Swedish)
1344:Romestecq
1326:Piquesept
1314:Einwerfen
1242:Minchiate
1161:Piquesept
1136:Kauflabet
1131:Karnöffel
1126:Karniffel
1076:Einwerfen
1071:Cinquille
1010:Quintille
1000:Quadrille
995:Quadrette
970:Impériale
940:Guimbarde
815:Quadrille
790:Pope Joan
623:"Whist §
387:Footnotes
238:Cavendish
201:card game
147:Clockwise
115:4 (2 x 2)
1334:Sticheln
1310:(Polish)
1308:DruĹĽbart
1304:Chapanka
1273:Conquian
1257:Trappola
1206:Sticheln
1201:Spitzeln
1196:Schlauch
1176:RĂĽmpffen
1121:Kaschlan
1061:Brusbart
1030:Triomphe
1015:Reversis
990:Pamphile
985:Papillon
975:Lenterlu
910:Commerce
785:Penneech
730:Bone ace
361:Triomphe
355:See also
278:Features
242:Triomphe
174:Triomphe
1346:(Dutch)
1338:Tatteln
1283:Primero
1266:Spanish
1230:Italian
1211:Tatteln
1186:Saunigl
1171:RĂ©union
1166:Pollack
1146:Mariage
1066:Cassino
1025:Tontine
1020:Sizette
925:Emprunt
900:Brisque
895:Briscan
805:Primero
718:English
627:"
422:Trionfi
366:Primero
249:triumph
211:History
155:25 min.
139:English
112:Players
96:England
1330:Skwitz
1288:Rentoy
1081:Elfern
1039:German
980:Mouche
920:Culbas
915:Coucou
890:Brelan
860:Ambigu
853:French
347:
272:Piquet
163:Medium
160:Chance
120:Skills
102:Family
92:Origin
1439:Whist
1356:Kille
1297:Other
1278:Ombre
1252:Ronfa
1237:Gilet
935:Gilet
780:Noddy
755:Ombre
745:Gleek
725:Andro
376:Whist
316:them.
297:stock
253:trump
205:Whist
194:Slamm
178:Whist
128:Cards
950:Hère
875:BĂŞte
480:2013
345:ISBN
337:and
267:Ruff
144:Play
136:Deck
1350:Maw
955:Hoc
945:Her
810:Put
770:Maw
244:(→
219:'s
192:or
1425::
1336:,
1332:,
1328:,
1324:,
1320:,
1316:,
1306:,
630:.
597:.
521:.
517:.
471:.
460:^
450:.
233:.
207:.
188:,
176:,
131:52
702:e
695:t
688:v
607:.
531:.
482:.
20:)
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