20:
129:, which has been a protected landmark since 1995. The buildings were unusually brightly coloured even for modernist housing of the period: the ground floor was violet, the upper floors pale green, the entrances grey and the balcony strips yellow. This detail has not been preserved; colours were updated as part of the 2001-05 renovation. In 1927, the development won the Werkbund's first prize for best housing development for inverting the concept of the
28:
141:. The cinema was one of the first with sound; the building as a whole won praise for its modernity and for the use of space. He went on to design other residential buildings, housing developments and places of amusement in Berlin and environs, including a block of 400 flats finished in yellow stucco over a brown brick ground floor facing the
217:, Indiana, as a city attractive to industry in the late 1950s and early 1960s. However, he was denied tenure on the pretext of being a foreign national, and when his programme was terminated in 1968, he resigned with regret. He continued to live in Oxford until his death in 1974. In 2006 he was posthumously made Professor Emeritus.
188:
Bucharest also became dangerous; in 1937 Fränkel moved to London, where his brother-in-law was already established. In
England and Wales, he designed significant industrial and residential buildings that today constitute major examples of "continental modernism". In 1938 he designed a house for his
208:
and in 1954 started the
Graduate Program in City Design, probably the first urban design programme at any American university; it became a two-year programme in 1966. Between 1955 and 1964, Rudolf Frankel & Associates developed master plans for several cities, including
741:
89:
Fränkel was the son of Louis Fränkel, a government architect who was in
Silesia supervising the construction of a railway, and his wife Ida and grew up in a comfortably middle-class Jewish family in Berlin. After completing school
193:. While in England he became a founder member of the "Circle" Group of German and Austrian Architects and Engineers (in 1943), was a member of Architects for the Redevelopment of Distressed Areas (in 1945) and of the
714:
Who's Who in Art: Biographies of leading men and women in the World of Art today--artists, designers, craftsmen, critics, writers, teachers, collectors and curators, with an appendix of signatures
133:
into an inner-city development with internal parks, and for the holistic lifestyle made possible by the central location. The first portion of the development to be completed was the
406:
Kunst im Exil in
Grossbritannien 1933-1945: eine Ausstellung der Neuen Gesellschaft für Bildende Kunst in den Räumen der Orangerie des Schlosses Charlottenburg vom 10.1.-23.2.1986
616:
refers to the
Lichtburg as his first project. "Architekten im Exil", KIT, also dates the Lichtburg to 1924 and the complex to 1925-28. However, the cinema did not open until
1035:
91:
564:
179:, Jews and modernists suffered increasingly from discrimination; after 1933 Jewish architects were effectively banned from working, since they could not join the
930:
Christina
Thomson. "Hauptstadtarchitekten: Erwin Gutkind und Rudolf Fränkel". In: Sylvia Claus, Harold Hammer-Schenk and Ulrich Maximilian Schumann (eds.).
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cinema and its associated commercial building housing restaurants, meeting and banquet facilities, shops and a bowling alley, next to the
228:. The Rudolph Frankel Memorial Award at Miami University is awarded to a graduate student who shows promise in urban design or planning.
185:. In summer 1933, Fränkel emigrated to Bucharest, where he designed another major cinema, the Scala, and further residential buildings.
1015:
894:"he stage, as the entire Comedy Theater building, belongs to Modernism, being created in 1935 by the German architect Rudolf Frankel",
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197:(from 1947 to 1974: F.R.I.B.A.). However, at the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, he was interned for a short time as an "
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and of efficient use of space. In addition, his amusement buildings, particularly the
Lichtburg, were famous examples of
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1936–1937: Villa
Flavian, str. Serg Gheorghe Militaru (now strada Mahatma Gandhi) and Soseaua Kisseleff, Bucharest
107:
204:
Finally, in 1950, he emigrated to the United States to teach at Miami
University in Oxford, Ohio. He joined the
910:, Conservation Architecture & Planning; this may be the architect's house in Stanmore mentioned by Pevsner.
205:
77:. He later emigrated to Bucharest, London and the United States, where he became an Architecture professor at
138:
567:, Denkmale in Berlin, Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung Berlin, 25 March 2008, retrieved 5 April 2011
358:
1937–1938: Rachwalsky residence, Home
Counties, for his sister Hanna and her husband Max, now a Grade II
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421:
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125:. His first large commission was the Gartenstadt Atlantic, a moderate-income housing development in
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110:) and did his practical study with his father. He served his apprenticeship from 1922 to 1924 with
599:
Rudolf Fränkel, die Gartenstadt Atlantic und Berlin: eine Ausstellung im Deutschen Werkbund Berlin
610:
668:
1005:
629:
Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani, "Modernism and the Metropolis: Plans for Central Berlin 1910-41",
284:
1929–32: Lange House (complex for the elderly including theatre, cinema and clinic), Bad Saarow
149:
126:
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and then Gustav Hart in Berlin. In 1922 he married Eva Tarrasch, the daughter of a physician.
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Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des Lebens und Wirkens deutschsprachiger jüdischer Architekten,
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Berlin/New York: Like and Unlike: Essays on Architecture and Art from 1870 to the Present
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692:, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1991, repr. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University, 2002,
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In 1924 he opened his own office in Berlin, and in 1925 he became a member of the
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Gartenstadt Atlantic, Fränkel's first major solo commission: flats on Behmstrasse
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Rudolf Fränkel and Neues Bauen: Works in Germany, Romania and the United Kingdom
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1926–28: Country house for film director Gabriel Levy, Silberberger Straße 29a,
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898:, Roumanian Scene Designers, Ileanu Foundation, 2007, retrieved 5 April 2011.
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Fränkel's designs were recognised in the architectural press as exemplars of
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633:, ed. Josef Paul Kleihues and Christina Rathgeber, New York: Rizzoli, 1993,
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1927–1929: Lichtburg cinema at Gartenstadt Atlantic, Gesundbrunnen, Berlin
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535:, 97th ACSA Annual Meeting, March 26–28, 2009, Portland, Oregon,
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248:
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1941: E. H. Jones (Machine Tools) Ltd. factory, sales space, canteen,
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253:
1927: Honig settlement, Bellermannstraße 72-78, Gesundbrunnen, Berlin
66:
27:
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1934–1936: Silk-weaving factory near Bucharest (Velvet Textile Mill)
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1930–1932: Housing on the Stadtpark Schöneberg, Schöneberg, Berlin
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sister and brother-in-law and one for himself on Stanmore Hill in
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260:
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1924–1928: Gartenstadt Atlantic settlement, Gesundbrunnen, Berlin
169:
59:
800:, Department of Architecture + Interior Design, Miami University
882:
881:
According to "Architekten im Exil 1933-1945", KIT, this was in
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302:
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1930–31: Four-storey residential buildings at the Schlosspark,
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74:
932:
Architektur und Assimilation. Die jüdischen Baumeister Berlins
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1927–1930: One- and two-family houses at Gartenstadt Frohnau,
295:
176:
809:"Architekten im Exil 1933-1945", KIT, dates this 1929–1932
872:"Architekten im Exil 1933-1945", KIT, dates this to 1931.
63:
294:
1930–1931: Leuchtturm Restaurant, Friedrichstraße 138,
277:
1929: Two-family house, Warnemünder Straße 28a and b,
716:, 17th ed. Havant, Hampshire: Art Trade Press, 1974,
578:
576:
172:
faculty, but he declined on grounds of lack of time.
1036:
Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
601:, Deutscher Werkbund Berlin, Sulgen: Niggli, 2006,
340:
1933–1935: Adriatica Asigurarea building, Bucharest
671:lists Fränkel amongst the first wave of emigrants.
573:
925:The Work of Rudolf Frankel: A Monograph on Slides
240:1926: Residential building, Emser Straße 14-17a,
977:
328:1933–1934: Pop residence, Caragiale 9, Bucharest
321:1932–1933: Renovation, Albert Schumann Theatre,
821:"Architecture for industry by Rudolf Frankel",
388:1950: Extension, Rachwalsky residence, New York
102:(Imperial German Air Force), he studied at the
817:
815:
376:1946–1948: Sotex Ltd. nylon clothing factory,
650:"Don't forget Frankel, visionary Prussian",
331:1934: Flats for childless couples, Bucharest
213:. He was hired to plan the repositioning of
812:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
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325:(destroyed in 1944, ruins demolished 1960)
69:who was among the leaders of the pre-war
761:, Indiana Economic Digest 11 April 2010.
531:Gerardo Brown-Manrique, "5 by Fränkel",
483:, KIT, by Sonja Grunow, 2020 (in German)
412:, Berlin: Frölich & Kaufmann, 1986,
346:1935–1936: Teatrul de Comedie, Bucharest
26:
18:
857:Outlines of the History of Architecture
759:"The last refrigerator from Evansville"
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364:1937–1938: Frankel house, Home Counties
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195:Royal Institute of British Architects
1026:Technische Universität Berlin alumni
410:Neue Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst
385:1950: Luralda Ltd. warehouse, London
1001:People from the Province of Silesia
481:Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
427:
382:1949: Lichfield residence, Stanmore
31:The Adriatica Building in Bucharest
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352:1935–1937: Scala cinema, Bucharest
349:1935–1937: Malaxa flats, Bucharest
98:and serving as a volunteer in the
84:
14:
1057:
1016:Modernist architects from Germany
952:
859:volume 4, New York: Wiley, 1939,
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1021:Kolegium Carolinum Neisse alumni
777:Canadian Centre for Architecture
222:Canadian Centre for Architecture
1046:Immigrants to the United States
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866:
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477:Architekten im Exil 1933 - 1945
1011:20th-century German architects
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373:1946–1947: Suflex Ltd. factory
287:1930: Flats on Grieser Platz,
206:American Institute of Planners
1:
959:Rudolf Fränkel/Rudolf Frankel
392:
108:Technische Universität Berlin
755:Evansville Courier and Press
311:1931–1932: Stern residence,
220:Fränkel's papers are at the
7:
1041:Emigrants from Nazi Germany
941:. Tübingen: Wasmuth, 2009.
10:
1062:
917:
334:1934: Resita steel plant,
160:) or Light Architecture (
154:Architecture of the Night
54:– 23 April 1974 in
46:(14 June 1901 in Neisse,
1031:Miami University faculty
996:People from Nysa, Poland
937:Gerardo Brown-Manrique.
823:Progressive Architecture
690:The Buildings of England
549:Who's Who in the Midwest
168:invited him to join the
652:The Architects' Journal
585:, Gartenstadt Atlantik
16:German-Jewish architect
772:"Rudolf Fränkel fonds"
266:1928: Bridge over the
150:modernist architecture
38:, often anglicised as
32:
24:
641:, pp. 249-63, p. 256.
177:Nazi seizure of power
158:Architektur der Nacht
139:S- and U-Bahn station
104:Technische Hochschule
94:with a war emergency
30:
22:
968:Gartenstadt Atlantic
686:London 3: North West
565:Gartenstadt Atlantic
164:). In the mid-1920s
112:Richard Riemerschmid
680:Bridget Cherry and
533:The Value of Design
923:Julius Rosenthal.
798:Scholarship/Awards
738:Journal of Housing
182:Reichskulturkammer
123:Deutscher Werkbund
33:
25:
947:978-3-8030-0695-0
855:Rexford Newcomb,
722:978-0-900083-06-8
607:978-3-7212-0605-0
418:978-3-88725-218-2
323:Frankfurt am Main
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494:"Rudolf Fränkel"
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162:Lichtarchitektur
100:Luftstreitkräfte
79:Miami University
56:Cincinnati, Ohio
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934:. Zurich, 2007.
927:. Chicago, 1955
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85:Life and career
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232:Selected works
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191:Great Stanmore
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73:movement in
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991:1974 deaths
986:1901 births
971:(in German)
845:(in German)
614:(in German)
587:(in German)
583:Architektur
569:(in German)
539:p. 56 (pdf)
274:(destroyed)
242:Wilmersdorf
199:enemy alien
145:city park.
131:garden city
71:avant-garde
980:Categories
963:ArchINFORM
825:32 (1951)
740:23 (1966)
503:2020-09-08
393:References
336:Oţelu Roşu
268:River Ruhr
249:Bad Saarow
215:Evansville
175:After the
143:Schöneberg
896:Maria Miu
827:pp. 81-88
498:Greyscape
378:Congleton
369:Kingsbury
135:Lichtburg
92:Carolinum
67:architect
842:4 (1932)
783:April 8,
669:Fraenkel
305:, Berlin
298:, Berlin
291:, Berlin
289:Halensee
281:, Berlin
272:Schwerte
263:, Berlin
244:, Berlin
226:Montreal
81:, Ohio.
58:) was a
918:Sources
551:(1958)
473:Fränkel
317:Breslau
315:, near
313:Schmolz
261:Frohnau
170:Bauhaus
945:
883:Snagov
861:p. 275
726:p. 155
720:
702:p. 293
696:
637:
611:p. 102
605:
553:p. 342
422:p. 170
416:
303:Pankow
279:Dahlem
116:Munich
96:Abitur
75:Berlin
64:Jewish
60:German
50:, now
40:Rudolf
742:p. 70
656:p. 26
620:1929.
296:Mitte
943:ISBN
785:2020
718:ISBN
694:ISBN
635:ISBN
603:ISBN
414:ISBN
961:at
475:at
224:in
201:".
114:in
42:or
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814:^
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156:(
62:-
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
