428:
394:, the lake accumulated additional 860.000 cubic metres (30,370.6 cubic feet) of water, which would otherwise flood the town. The flood wave from the slopes of the Rudnik was damped and effectively prolonged over five days instead of sweeping all at once. The treating apparatus allows for the clean water to be let through the dam into the Despotovica river. Several projects are being developed. In 2018 a new system for evacuation of the water in case of emergency will be installed, while by 2023 a new plant will be built which will further treat the wastewaters.
112:
105:
436:
1456:
489:), is the northwestern extension of Rudnik's massif. The 758 m (2,487 ft) tall extinct volcano sharply rises above the surrounding terrain, though the top is easily accessible, and has a specific morphological physiognomy compared to its surroundings. Being of volcanic origin, it is part of the wider eruptive region of Šumadija. With the surrounding ZagrađeTrudelj area, Ostrovica makes one volcanic massif. It is made of magmatic rocks, chiefly
140:
972:
1270:
1466:
29:
427:
262:
and summer villa here. The rich mineral resources of the mountain (silver, lead and copper) were an important source of wealth to the
Serbian rulers. Besides mining, Rudnik was a settlement with developed handicrafts and a thriving trading post with a cosmopolitan population that influenced the whole
597:
After the motion of the
Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia, the Ostrovica was protected locally by the municipality Gornji Milanovac in 1980 as the "Viewpoint Ostrovica". After the 2009. revision of the protection, Ostrovica was declared a "Natural Monument Ostrovica". It covers an area of
382:. The lake is not open for public use. It is 1,000 m (3,300 ft) long, 300 m (980 ft) wide and covers an area of 30 ha (74 acres). The tailings is a result of 264,000 tons of ore which is being treated yearly in the mine: lead, zinc, copper and traces of silver.
401:
in the history of the mine was discovered. With 400.000 tons of the colored metals ore, it will be enough for the exploitation of 5 years and should begin in 2019. It is a high quality ore, with the content of 6-10% of zinc, lead and silver.
266:
On the top of the
Ostrovica hill lie the remains of a fortified city, whose exact origins are unknown. It was first mentioned in the fifth century CE, but is presumed to originate from the Antiquity and that Romans reconstructed it. In the
373:
was built in order to accumulate the byproducts. It separates the flotation reservoir from the valley of the
Despotovica river, which flows through the town of Gornji Milanovac (8 km (5.0 mi) downstream), and from the
516:, Serbian geology pioneer. In the past, volcanic activity in the area was intensive and covered much wider area. Volcanic activity was present during the entire geological history of the region, until it stopped in the late
283:, the city accepted refugees from the surrounding areas, including miners and merchants from Dubrovnik. In this period, Ostrovica was on the Belgrade-Dubrovnik trade route, which in this section included modern
340:
in 1436. The
Ottomans withdrew later, but reconquered Ostrovica in 1454, and demolished it. The fortress was restored again and assumed its trade importance, becoming a station on the merchant caravan route to
385:
Considering the burst of the dam as a potential catastrophe, since the tailings would flood Gornji
Milanovac, the dam has been upgraded in time. It is fit to survive the earthquake of the 9.0 magnitude on
397:
By 2017, the lead and zinc mine "Rudnik" became one of the most successful mining companies in Serbia, notable for exporting 100% of its products. In
December 2017 it was announced that the largest
1107:
1112:
203:, apparently referring to the mountain's rich mineral resources. The name is probably a testament to the mining activity associated with the mountain throughout several millennia.
1204:
211:
The archaeological site of
Belovode on the Rudnik mountain contains the world's oldest reliably dated evidence of copper smelting at high temperature, from 5,000 BCE.
189:, has an elevation of 1,132 meters above sea level. It has several other peaks over 1000 m: Srednji Šturac, Mali Šturac, Molitve, Paljevine and Marijanac.
1194:
688:
1351:
1346:
1162:
814:
837:
1341:
1082:
1077:
907:
300:
1097:
1495:
501:), suitable for masonry and road building. The peak is today a barren rocky ground, partially covered with shrubs, thorny bushes and rare grassy patches.
390:. In 2013 devices for early notification in case of a quake were installed and are directly connected to the state seismology institute. During the major
271:, Ostrovica was one of the most important fortresses in this part of the state. It was recorded that when a 1321 civil war regarding succession of king
1306:
1291:
1224:
504:
The remnants of the lava flows, which abruptly cooled and hardened, are still visible on the barren rocks. The top has two uneven peaks, or "teeth" (
61:
1381:
1366:
786:
1296:
508:). They are divided by the 10 m (33 ft) wide rift, which developed during the process of thick lava's corrugation, which created the
1321:
1301:
512:. The same process formed the existing, spiked peak. First data on the petrography of Ostrovica's volcanic rocks were published in 1889 by
657:
619:
961:
867:
881:
Boško Lomović (16 December 2017), "Rekordno otkriće rude obojenih metala" [Record discovery of the colored metals ore],
742:
721:
414:
trees. In total, there are some 650 plant species inhabiting the mountain, of which more than 100 are endemic or medicinal.
637:
461:
357:
visited
Ostrovica in 1888, he climbed to the top and described a "high placed castle". He published his findings in 1904.
321:
around 1430, who used it as a summer retreat with his family. The popular legend attributed the city building to his wife
924:
680:
806:
845:
899:
1500:
1469:
1490:
1459:
954:
391:
54:
1386:
599:
104:
1441:
242:
had colonies in this region in the 14th century. After 1441, Rudnik gained special importance when the
451:
366:
268:
231:
778:
1396:
947:
165:
318:
251:
1087:
665:
305:
623:
1127:
1122:
1117:
580:
354:
8:
1436:
1421:
1316:
322:
280:
170:
1411:
1326:
311:
1142:
859:
560:
513:
365:
In connection with the mining process, an artificial lake was formed in the village of
326:
190:
1234:
1132:
1020:
276:
1426:
1249:
1056:
717:
315:
1259:
1244:
1219:
1214:
572:
200:
178:
157:
993:
1030:
259:
1416:
1311:
186:
1239:
1199:
1179:
643:
272:
255:
243:
1152:
1137:
1484:
1173:
1147:
998:
932:
564:
520:, around 2 million years ago. Remains of this activity is the whole array of
509:
490:
476:
463:
387:
227:
76:
63:
1406:
1167:
1045:
598:
almost 14 ha (35 acres), and is completely located in the area of the
568:
521:
375:
370:
215:
1092:
353:("Peak Citadel"). It deteriorated in time. When Austro-Hungarian traveler
1431:
1371:
1356:
587:
336:
Though deemed indomitable, Ostrovica was conquered by the
Ottoman sultan
1336:
435:
1331:
1035:
1014:
716:. Belgrade: National Tourism Organisation of Serbia. 2013. p. 49.
533:
288:
1067:
1008:
939:
1229:
1072:
591:
545:
284:
247:
239:
219:
1050:
1401:
1286:
1254:
1102:
1003:
883:
583:
529:
525:
517:
498:
398:
337:
1157:
342:
1391:
1376:
1361:
1025:
971:
664:. UCL Institute of Archaeology. 23 September 2010. Archived from
576:
553:
537:
296:
1269:
349:
mountain, just south of Belgrade. The Ottomans called Ostrovica
1189:
1184:
1062:
1040:
979:
833:
549:
541:
494:
410:
The Rudnik is covered in deciduous forest mainly consisting of
235:
196:
174:
145:
44:
28:
411:
346:
223:
642:, Tourist organization of Gornji Milanovac, archived from
975:
439:
Typical Serbian (Balkan) architecture in the mountains
314:, fled to the fortress. Ostrovica was refortified by
325:, already infamous for her role in building of the
840:[A dam which keeps Gornji Milanovac dry].
708:
706:
681:"Serbian site may have hosted first copper makers"
658:"Serbian site may have hosted first copper makers"
1482:
571:zone. On the rocky slopes there are habitats of
703:
333:(Eirene's City), even though it is much older.
955:
880:
672:
807:"Takovo može mirno da spava još pet godina"
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
524:found in central Serbia: andesite, dacite,
378:. The dam was built on the small stream of
962:
948:
800:
798:
796:
776:
737:
735:
733:
639:Mt Rudnik: Serbia on the palm of your hand
329:, so the fortress is today referred to as
838:"Brana zbog koje je suv Gornji Milanovac"
291:–Ostrovica–Rudnik–Gornji Milanovac path.
1496:Geography of Šumadija and Western Serbia
1088:Bukovička Banja (also Banja Aranđelovac)
994:Atomska Banja (also Banja Gornja Trepča)
828:
826:
824:
757:
434:
426:
230:with Cyrillic inscription, the dinar of
969:
804:
793:
777:Stuparušić, Slavica (8 December 2020).
730:
617:
1483:
1402:Stragarska Banja (also Banja Voljavča)
1215:Selters Banja (also Mladenovačka Banja
870:from the original on 16 November 2017.
832:
817:from the original on 21 November 2017.
714:NATURE OF SERBIA - Holiday on the move
622:. PSD Kopaonik Beograd. Archived from
611:
185:, named after geologist and biologist
943:
897:
821:
781:[Dormant volcano Ostrovica].
678:
164:
1465:
789:from the original on 25 August 2022.
691:from the original on 5 November 2013
1113:Jodna Banja (also Novosadska Banja)
805:Lomović, Boško (15 November 2017).
630:
13:
910:from the original on 10 June 2018.
310:, who tried to oust ruling prince
14:
1512:
1108:Jodna Banja (also Bečejska Banja)
917:
563:of oak forests, specifically the
1464:
1455:
1454:
1268:
970:
218:, the area was inhabited by the
138:
110:
103:
27:
891:
874:
860:"Flotacijsko jezero na Rudniku"
852:
1317:Banja Vapa (also Tošina Banja)
650:
455:
111:
1:
679:Bower, Bruce (25 June 2010).
605:
1026:Banja Rusanda (also Melenci)
844:(in Serbian). Archived from
662:UCL Institute of Archaeology
422:
392:2014 Southeast Europe floods
234:, was minted at Rudnik. The
49:1,132 m (3,714 ft)
7:
1205:Rgoška Banja (also Banjica)
987:Spas (thermal, mud and air)
902:[Rudnik mountain].
779:"Uspavani vulkan Ostrovica"
586:plants, like Reichenbach's
417:
33:A detail on Rudnik mountain
10:
1517:
813:(in Serbian). p. 13.
785:(in Serbian). p. 33.
275:broke out between his son
214:Before the arrival of the
206:
1450:
1277:
1266:
986:
898:Ivana (18 October 2017).
405:
360:
232:Stefan Dragutin of Serbia
133:
97:
92:
53:
43:
38:
26:
21:
1278:Unregulated, undeveloped
620:"Katalog planina Srbije"
559:Ostrovica is within the
590:and certain species of
1501:Rhodope mountain range
440:
432:
254:, the revered Serbian
477:44.16889°N 20.46028°E
438:
430:
77:44.13139°N 20.54028°E
866:. 18 December 2013.
355:Felix Philipp Kanitz
294:In 1398, rebellious
1491:Mountains of Serbia
925:"Rudnik (mountain)"
473: /
323:Eirene Kantakouzene
281:Stefan Vladislav II
246:conquered mines of
181:. Its highest peak
177:, near the town of
73: /
1412:Šarbanovačka Banja
1407:Svračkovačka Banja
1347:Nikoličevska Banja
1163:Palanački Kiseljak
1143:Novopazarska Banja
1123:Kuršumlijska Banja
1098:Gamzigradska Banja
668:on 21 August 2014.
482:44.16889; 20.46028
456:Островица/Острвица
441:
433:
345:, fortress on the
327:Smederevo Fortress
238:and the people of
222:, followed by the
166:[rûːdniːk]
82:44.13139; 20.54028
39:Highest point
16:Mountain in Serbia
1478:
1477:
1377:Prilički Kiseljak
1342:Lomnički Kiseljak
1195:Rajčinovića Banja
1148:Obrenovačka Banja
1083:Bujanovačka Banja
1078:Brestovačka Banja
1073:Bogutovačka Banja
904:Superavantura.com
723:978-86-6005-295-9
195:literally means '
151:
150:
1508:
1468:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1352:Oraovička Ilidža
1307:Biostanska Banja
1292:Banja Jokin Grab
1272:
1220:Sijarinska Banja
974:
964:
957:
950:
941:
940:
936:
931:. Archived from
912:
911:
900:"Planina Rudnik"
895:
889:
888:
878:
872:
871:
856:
850:
849:
830:
819:
818:
802:
791:
790:
774:
755:
754:
753:
752:
739:
728:
727:
710:
701:
700:
698:
696:
676:
670:
669:
654:
648:
647:
634:
628:
627:
615:
573:purple saxifrage
488:
487:
485:
484:
483:
478:
474:
471:
470:
469:
466:
457:
452:Serbian Cyrillic
312:Stefan Lazarević
309:
301:Novak Belockrvić
179:Gornji Milanovac
168:
163:
158:Serbian Cyrillic
144:
142:
141:
114:
113:
107:
88:
87:
85:
84:
83:
78:
74:
71:
70:
69:
66:
31:
19:
18:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1446:
1442:Višnjička Banja
1397:Staparska Banja
1337:Koraćička Banja
1280:and former spas
1279:
1273:
1264:
1225:Slatinska Banja
1190:Radaljska Banja
1180:Pribojska Banja
1133:Mataruška Banja
1118:Jošanička Banja
1063:Bezdanska Banja
1031:Banja Slankamen
1021:Banja Koviljača
1004:Banja Junaković
982:
968:
923:
920:
915:
896:
892:
879:
875:
858:
857:
853:
848:on 1 June 2015.
836:(23 May 2015).
831:
822:
803:
794:
775:
758:
750:
748:
747:, Rudnik portal
741:
740:
731:
724:
712:
711:
704:
694:
692:
677:
673:
656:
655:
651:
636:
635:
631:
616:
612:
608:
561:vegetation zone
481:
479:
475:
472:
467:
464:
462:
460:
459:
425:
420:
408:
363:
319:Đurađ Branković
303:
277:Stefan Dečanski
269:medieval Serbia
252:Đurađ Branković
250:further south.
209:
161:
139:
137:
129:
128:
127:
126:
125:
122:
121:
120:
119:
115:
81:
79:
75:
72:
67:
64:
62:
60:
59:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1514:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1462:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1357:Ovčanska Banja
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1312:Banja Omoljica
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1260:Zvonačka Banja
1257:
1252:
1247:
1245:Vrnjačka Banja
1242:
1240:Vranjska Banja
1237:
1235:Tularska Banja
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1200:Ribarska Banja
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1128:Lukovska Banja
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
990:
988:
984:
983:
967:
966:
959:
952:
944:
938:
937:
935:on 2016-03-04.
919:
918:External links
916:
914:
913:
906:(in Serbian).
890:
873:
851:
820:
792:
756:
729:
722:
702:
671:
649:
629:
626:on 2011-05-18.
609:
607:
604:
424:
421:
419:
416:
407:
404:
380:Rudnički potok
362:
359:
273:Stefan Milutin
244:Ottoman Empire
208:
205:
149:
148:
135:
131:
130:
123:
117:
116:
109:
108:
102:
101:
100:
99:
98:
95:
94:
90:
89:
57:
51:
50:
47:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1513:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1471:
1463:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1437:Visočka Banja
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:Paunska Banja
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1168:Palićka Banja
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1010:
1009:Banja Kanjiža
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
999:Banja Badanja
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
965:
960:
958:
953:
951:
946:
945:
942:
934:
930:
926:
922:
921:
909:
905:
901:
894:
886:
885:
877:
869:
865:
861:
855:
847:
843:
839:
835:
829:
827:
825:
816:
812:
808:
801:
799:
797:
788:
784:
780:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
746:
745:
738:
736:
734:
725:
719:
715:
709:
707:
690:
686:
682:
675:
667:
663:
659:
653:
646:on 2009-03-28
645:
641:
640:
633:
625:
621:
618:Jovan Đokić.
614:
610:
603:
601:
595:
593:
589:
585:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
565:Hungarian oak
562:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:igneous rocks
519:
515:
514:Jovan Žujović
511:
507:
502:
500:
496:
492:
491:quartz latite
486:
453:
449:
445:
437:
429:
415:
413:
403:
400:
395:
393:
389:
388:Richter scale
383:
381:
377:
372:
368:
358:
356:
352:
351:Sivirce Hisar
348:
344:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
317:
313:
307:
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1417:Šuplja Stena
1297:Banja Kulina
1209:
1185:Prolom Banja
1172:
1055:
1051:Banja Ždrelo
1046:Banja Vrujci
1041:Banja Vrdnik
1036:Banja Topilo
1015:Banja Klokot
1013:
933:the original
929:Peakware.com
928:
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887:(in Serbian)
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846:the original
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749:, retrieved
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693:. Retrieved
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569:Austrian oak
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376:Ibar Highway
371:tailings dam
369:. In 1953 a
364:
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331:Jerinin Grad
330:
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226:. The first
213:
210:
191:
187:Jovan Cvijić
183:Cvijićev vrh
182:
153:
152:
1432:Viline Vode
1427:Vička Banja
1382:Roška Banja
1372:Plava Banja
1322:Dag Banjica
1174:Pećka Banja
1158:Pačir Banja
1153:Ovčar Banja
1138:Niška Banja
685:ScienceNews
588:yellow iris
575:, and some
480: /
304: [
279:and nephew
263:of Serbia.
173:in central
80: /
55:Coordinates
1485:Categories
1332:Jermenovci
1302:Banja Ljig
751:2010-10-21
606:References
581:Carpathian
534:peridotite
468:20°27′37″E
465:44°10′08″N
289:Belanovica
162:pronounced
160:: Рудник,
68:20°32′25″E
65:44°07′53″N
1230:Sokobanja
1093:Divčibare
695:25 August
602:village.
592:chickweed
546:pegmatite
444:Ostrovica
423:Ostrovica
285:Lazarevac
248:Novo Brdo
240:Dubrovnik
220:Illyrians
93:Geography
45:Elevation
1460:Category
1287:Ada Huja
1255:Zlatibor
1103:Ivanjica
908:Archived
884:Politika
868:Archived
815:Archived
811:Politika
787:Archived
783:Politika
744:Ostrvica
689:Archived
530:rhyolite
526:trachyte
518:Tertiary
499:andesite
448:Ostrvica
431:Ostrvica
418:Features
399:ore body
338:Murad II
258:, had a
171:mountain
169:) is a
134:Location
1470:Commons
1392:Sisevac
1387:Savinac
1362:Pariguz
1327:Ivanovo
1068:Bogatić
1057:Banjska
600:Zagrađe
584:endemic
556:, etc.
554:diabase
538:granite
297:vojvoda
207:History
201:Serbian
1250:Zlatar
1210:Rudnik
980:Serbia
864:Penzin
834:Tanjug
720:
577:Balkan
550:basalt
542:gabbro
495:dacite
450:hill (
406:Nature
367:Majdan
361:Mining
316:despot
256:despot
236:Saxons
216:Romans
192:Rudnik
175:Serbia
154:Rudnik
146:Serbia
143:
124:Serbia
118:Rudnik
22:Rudnik
1422:Torda
842:Mondo
412:beech
347:Avala
343:Žrnov
308:]
224:Celts
199:' in
976:Spas
718:ISBN
697:2022
510:neck
506:zubi
493:and
260:mint
197:mine
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446:or
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