222:. It has 10,000 first-language speakers and an additional 16,000 people mostly over 30 years old speak it as a second language (Raymond 2005). In the past, Roviana was widely used as a trade language and further used as a lingua franca, especially for church purposes in the Western Province, but now it is being replaced by the Solomon Islands
226:. Published studies on Roviana include: Ray (1926), Waterhouse (1949) and Todd (1978) contain the syntax of Roviana. Corston-Oliver (1996 & 2002) discuss ergativity in Roviana. Todd (2000) and Ross (1988) discuss the clause structure in Roviana. Schuelke (2020) discusses grammatical relations and syntactic ergativity in Roviana.
3108:
Complement clauses are considered to be intermediate between main and subordinate clauses. In texts, complement clauses in
Roviana are rare. Direct quotation is more frequent than subordination to higher predicates of information, while epistemic modals (e.g.
3653:
In the context of a relative clause which is by definition subordinate, e is glossed simply ART, since it is used with proper Ns which are A or O. These following two examples have got e; the first one is on A whereas the second one is on O.
4467:
Todd, Evelyn M. (2000) 'Roviana clauses.' In Bill Palmer & Paul
Geraghty (eds.) SICOL. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics: vol.2. Historical and descriptive studies. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
3300:
Subordination is extremely limited in
Roviana. Subordinate clauses never contain other subordinate clauses, nor do they contain relative clauses. Similarly, relative clauses do not contain either subordinate clauses or relative clauses.
644:
The majority of lexical morphemes consist of two or three syllables. Lexical morphemes consisting of four syllables or a single syllable are uncommon whereas morphemes consisting of more than four syllables have never occurred.
4463:
Todd, Evelyn M. (1978) 'Roviana syntax.' In
Stephen A. Wurm & Lois Carrington (eds.) Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Proceedings fascicle 2. Eastern Austronesian. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
3337:
Relative clauses on A use clausal nominalisation. The notional A has no overt realisation. The nominalised verb in a relative clause on A carries a suffix 'NSUF', which is also used to index the possessor in possessives;
2990:; otherwise, they are no different from main clauses. Complement clauses occur after verbs of cognition, speech or perception, whereas subordinate clauses (with the exception of relative clauses) occur in focus position;
3329:. The coreferent of the N in the matrix clause is never overt within the relative clause. This feature may be according to whether the notional coreferent within the relative clause is A, S or O.
5514:
752:
Other suffixes, however, do not take stress and are ignored in determining the placement of stress. Material following the root is not treated as a unit for the purpose of stress assignment;
3315:
Whether
Roviana is an ergative language or not is argumentative, however; relative clauses in this language can be categorised by ergativity, so it can be described as an ergative language.
2670:
Wh-questions or information questions contain an interrogative phrase in focus position (i.e. clause initial) and optionally is followed by the focal particle si; for example,
3129:
Adverbial clauses occur in focus position and never contain new mentions in core argument positions. They are introduced by a subordinator and followed by the focal particle
3566:
In relative clauses on O, A is overt in the relative clause and full verbal morphology is used to index the O. The nominal suffixes are not used in relative clauses on O;
4498:
3309:
The subject of an intransitive verb has the same morphological marker as a direct object, and a different morphological marker from the subject of a transitive verb.
2096:
There are two classes of nouns in
Roviana. The first includes kin terms, body parts and some local nouns. These are used with suffixed personal pronouns such as:
4471:
Waterhouse, J.H.L. (1928) A Roviana and
English dictionary. Sydney: Epworth. (Revised and enlarged 1949 by L.M. Jones and edited by Loata Parkinson in 2005).
5010:
4132:'Contemporaneous' clauses have imperfective aspect, usually accompanied by reduplication of the verb, with the meaning 'While ...-ing' or 'As ...-ing';
5541:
10297:
8211:
4491:
10309:
4507:
4451:
Corston-Oliver, Simon H. (2002) 'Roviana.' In John Lynch, Malcolm Ross & Terry
Crowley (eds.) The Oceanic languages. London: Curzon.
2242:
Articles in
Roviana occur before the noun, marking the noun phrase as common or proper. Roviana has definite and indefinite articles.
13949:
4484:
4247:
In a conditional, the protasis is a subordinate clause. As with the subordinate clauses, there is a neutral system of case marking;
2655:
Yes–no questions are structurally identical to declaratives, but have a distinct rising intonation. The two single word answers are
5003:
13954:
13944:
4454:
Hall, Allen.(2000). A Roviana and
English dictionary/Allen and others for New Georgia, Solomon Islands. Brisbane.Jollen Press.
8418:
6238:
5534:
4460:
Ross, Malcolm D. (1988) Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian languages of western Melanesia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
722:
All material which precedes the root (prefixes and reduplicated material) is assigned stress as if it were a single root;
9175:
494:
186:
12144:
4996:
8982:
6757:
4457:
Ray, Sidney H. (1926) A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11707:
11149:
10843:
5100:
2559:
An actor can optionally be omitted (1); otherwise there is no structural difference from a declarative clause (2).
13554:
11781:
10797:
5527:
5509:
4933:
2804:
Coordination is marked by a conjunction between the two clauses; the conjunction belongs with the second clause;
176:
13402:
12159:
10536:
7300:
7178:
6074:
11318:
10883:
8666:
8641:
8148:
6021:
5954:
5263:
4780:
4574:
4432:
Grammatical Relations and Syntactic Ergativity in Roviana: A little-described language of the Solomon Islands
99:
13618:
11553:
11086:
9398:
8598:
7570:
7310:
6608:
6277:
5037:
440:
3978:'finish' and temporally precedes the event of the matrix clause to which it is syntactically subordinate;
778:
774:
764:
756:
745:
738:
730:
726:
715:
711:
704:
694:
690:
679:
675:
664:
660:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
601:
597:
536:
530:
526:
520:
516:
13755:
12982:
11221:
10697:
10647:
10327:
9883:
8457:
5853:
5836:
5621:
5172:
791:
452:
89:
12411:
12389:
11871:
11542:
9518:
9203:
8862:
8714:
7475:
6951:
6832:
6501:
6476:
6249:
6210:
5994:
4365:
365:
355:
4234:
3736:
3480:
3384:
13537:
12766:
12701:
12249:
11069:
11058:
11039:
10460:
10442:
10226:
10067:
9359:
9046:
9025:
8655:
8289:
7756:
7670:
7466:
7062:
6613:
6603:
6357:
6352:
5019:
4704:
409:
399:
13214:
9110:
4119:
13089:
12585:
10729:
10723:
9976:
9898:
9873:
9212:
8832:
8780:
8535:
7295:
7135:
7112:
6842:
6702:
6641:
6367:
5941:
5908:
4770:
7746:
13632:
13564:
13026:
12962:
12726:
12429:
12400:
11091:
10354:
10196:
10062:
9802:
9684:
8895:
7678:
7633:
7448:
7443:
7408:
7403:
7283:
7052:
6961:
6747:
6347:
6125:
5710:
5042:
4790:
3323:
Relative clauses in Roviana follow the head N and are introduced by an invariant relative marker
375:
17:
8103:
6623:
3121:'EMPH) are often used rather than subordination to higher predicates of cognition (ergativity).
13052:
12952:
12015:
11009:
10759:
10494:
8925:
8890:
8132:
8058:
8023:
7252:
6977:
6342:
6011:
6006:
5695:
5550:
4910:
4870:
4448:
Corston, Simon H. (1996) Ergativity in Roviana, Solomon Islands. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
1118:
419:
336:
326:
316:
84:
7490:
6191:
3312:
A – transitive subject, O – transitive direct object, S – intransitive subject, respectively.
2966:
Relative clauses follow the head N and are introduced by the invariant relative clause marker
13801:
13685:
13447:
13348:
11831:
10767:
10231:
8048:
7495:
7369:
7333:
7042:
6580:
6362:
5925:
5870:
4850:
4556:
471:
282:
272:
107:
13858:
13717:
12124:
11024:
10989:
9066:
6471:
4118:
Mismatch in the number of words between lines: 12 word(s) in line 1, 13 word(s) in line 2 (
13652:
13609:
13510:
13462:
13437:
13392:
13246:
13084:
12711:
12631:
12109:
11836:
10201:
9878:
9830:
9552:
9456:
8940:
8935:
8880:
8852:
8588:
8053:
7957:
7937:
7733:
7723:
7713:
7643:
7638:
6664:
6496:
6337:
6297:
6142:
6137:
5865:
5253:
4865:
4750:
4737:
1264:
11014:
9104:
7057:
6539:
8:
13836:
13821:
13457:
13421:
13382:
13194:
13094:
12892:
12847:
12538:
12528:
12523:
12454:
12134:
12045:
12010:
11995:
11985:
11722:
11657:
11343:
11298:
11273:
11019:
10983:
10861:
10745:
10740:
10681:
10584:
9929:
9868:
9725:
9446:
9262:
8803:
8558:
8490:
8299:
8294:
8284:
7930:
7718:
7613:
7516:
7047:
6982:
6931:
6903:
6727:
6692:
6595:
6511:
6446:
6395:
6107:
5606:
5423:
5243:
5218:
4958:
4915:
4755:
4717:
4594:
4564:
206:
is a member of the North West Solomonic branch of Oceanic languages. It is spoken around
13301:
13286:
12927:
12867:
12139:
9092:
7741:
5959:
13831:
13816:
13811:
13775:
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13727:
13696:
13599:
13515:
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13492:
13442:
13204:
13041:
12887:
12872:
12862:
12819:
12761:
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12746:
12543:
12309:
12259:
12055:
11954:
11909:
11899:
11751:
11745:
11634:
11574:
11353:
11338:
11288:
11278:
11252:
11154:
10807:
10337:
10252:
10166:
10156:
10118:
9508:
9431:
9324:
9082:
9030:
8872:
8650:
8563:
8495:
8465:
8385:
8375:
8176:
8143:
8127:
8043:
8008:
7952:
7907:
7786:
7593:
7438:
7413:
7328:
7320:
6921:
6888:
6870:
6827:
6819:
6800:
6795:
6785:
6780:
6737:
6717:
6531:
6486:
6461:
6410:
6390:
6153:
6097:
6059:
5768:
5689:
5630:
5563:
5418:
5368:
5233:
5223:
5198:
5105:
4968:
4825:
4609:
4589:
2190:
When the verb or adjective begins a consonant in is infixed after the first consonant:
539:
is lightly trilled in unstressed syllables and strongly trilled in stressed syllables.
510:
The Roviana alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet and consists of the above letters.
292:
249:
52:
13306:
12626:
12489:
11034:
9913:
9354:
7977:
7796:
7521:
7206:
166:
13770:
13765:
13722:
13667:
13657:
13642:
13589:
13500:
13482:
13477:
13426:
13413:
13387:
13316:
13266:
13209:
13184:
13107:
12932:
12902:
12882:
12877:
12837:
12666:
12340:
12319:
12294:
12269:
12229:
12199:
12189:
12184:
12174:
12164:
12060:
12020:
11980:
11584:
11435:
11425:
11410:
11378:
11328:
11293:
11283:
11263:
11096:
11004:
10994:
10638:
10620:
10615:
10236:
10191:
10146:
10087:
10077:
10020:
9989:
9903:
9845:
9705:
9679:
9635:
9620:
9610:
9466:
9461:
9441:
9349:
9277:
9267:
9147:
9127:
9020:
8930:
8847:
8661:
8626:
8611:
8568:
8543:
8515:
8505:
8485:
8480:
8448:
8428:
8403:
8364:
8348:
8251:
8236:
8002:
7967:
7891:
7826:
7781:
7776:
7766:
7698:
7385:
7343:
7267:
7227:
7197:
7097:
7087:
7077:
7067:
7025:
6765:
6742:
6707:
6633:
6618:
6491:
6451:
6433:
6415:
6405:
6377:
6292:
6228:
6082:
6029:
5880:
5758:
5661:
5348:
5333:
5293:
5238:
5228:
5208:
5047:
4835:
4805:
4760:
4722:
4649:
4619:
4584:
4472:
486:
259:
94:
13732:
13291:
12500:
10851:
10390:
9344:
7751:
7433:
4943:
4113:
so finish gather they DEF.PL ⟨NOM⟩know FOC go bomb-TR-3SG.DO they.ERG DEF place that
2958:
Three major classes are relative clauses, complement clauses and adverbial clauses.
182:
13850:
13826:
13806:
13750:
13737:
13712:
13677:
13647:
13637:
13559:
13467:
13452:
13360:
13146:
13079:
13074:
12917:
12907:
12897:
12857:
12852:
12789:
12756:
12741:
12721:
12651:
12518:
12474:
12464:
12449:
12444:
12335:
12299:
12289:
12284:
12264:
12239:
12224:
12154:
11969:
11949:
11934:
11929:
11919:
11914:
11861:
11702:
11677:
11667:
11652:
11599:
11496:
11470:
11389:
11333:
11195:
11101:
10925:
10900:
10802:
10782:
10707:
10569:
10521:
10503:
10332:
10257:
10211:
10206:
10175:
10098:
10042:
10037:
10026:
10005:
9908:
9850:
9835:
9825:
9715:
9658:
9575:
9570:
9537:
9532:
9495:
9476:
9471:
9436:
9334:
9287:
9257:
9252:
9152:
8950:
8900:
8885:
8857:
8798:
8761:
8731:
8616:
8583:
8573:
8553:
8525:
8475:
8438:
8408:
8337:
8274:
8225:
8098:
8033:
8018:
7897:
7878:
7818:
7801:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7556:
7531:
7511:
7506:
7398:
7305:
7120:
7102:
7013:
6916:
6911:
6883:
6860:
6770:
6722:
6712:
6679:
6669:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6544:
6466:
6456:
6441:
6426:
6420:
6385:
6316:
6302:
6267:
6262:
6218:
6181:
6176:
6161:
6054:
5964:
5931:
5888:
5782:
5736:
5731:
5593:
5413:
5378:
5323:
5318:
5146:
5052:
4938:
4925:
4900:
4885:
4820:
4765:
4679:
4629:
4521:
4476:
463:
244:
13251:
13179:
13174:
13169:
12912:
11363:
10953:
9384:
9099:
5278:
4385:
4377:
4373:
4116:'So after they had gathered all the information, they went and bombed that place.'
3493:
Given that the coreferent in the relative clause does not have overt realisation;
3296:'So after they had gathered all the information, they went and bombed that place.'
707:⟩ occurs within the first syllable of the root, it always receives stress;
13869:
13864:
13691:
13584:
13472:
13322:
13311:
13261:
13236:
13046:
13002:
12947:
12942:
12794:
12736:
12731:
12716:
12671:
12656:
12614:
12609:
12469:
12439:
12371:
12345:
12304:
12234:
12219:
12214:
12194:
12169:
12129:
12050:
12040:
12035:
12025:
12005:
11990:
11964:
11879:
11841:
11826:
11806:
11801:
11756:
11730:
11682:
11662:
11614:
11609:
11594:
11569:
11524:
11506:
11501:
11491:
11485:
11480:
11450:
11430:
11405:
11400:
11384:
11303:
11258:
11247:
11174:
11117:
10999:
10963:
10948:
10930:
10856:
10833:
10828:
10735:
10692:
10686:
10676:
10659:
10589:
10574:
10559:
10516:
10470:
10416:
10395:
10321:
10247:
10242:
10221:
10186:
10151:
10141:
10136:
10130:
10015:
9966:
9893:
9888:
9860:
9815:
9791:
9771:
9748:
9743:
9738:
9733:
9710:
9689:
9648:
9615:
9605:
9503:
9481:
9451:
9415:
9379:
9374:
9339:
9319:
9282:
9272:
9244:
9087:
9061:
9051:
8999:
8994:
8793:
8751:
8741:
8696:
8691:
8676:
8631:
8510:
8470:
8279:
8261:
8246:
8190:
8166:
8093:
8078:
7947:
7925:
7856:
7761:
7703:
7688:
7628:
7551:
7536:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7338:
7290:
7216:
7211:
6988:
6926:
6893:
6878:
6805:
6687:
6659:
6651:
6549:
6516:
6400:
6329:
6196:
6166:
6087:
6064:
6044:
6039:
6034:
5979:
5969:
5893:
5808:
5803:
5776:
5683:
5643:
5638:
5611:
5461:
5443:
5433:
5408:
5388:
5383:
5363:
5358:
5343:
5303:
5298:
5203:
5125:
5068:
4963:
4953:
4948:
4905:
4880:
4830:
4800:
4689:
4684:
4674:
4669:
4644:
4639:
4624:
2973:
2210:
A noun can also be formed by in from the causative or reciprocal forms of verbs:
687:
Roots of more than two syllables are stressed on the first and second syllables;
266:
254:
219:
76:
41:
9369:
3845:, but they do not specify the precise nature of the temporal relation involved;
2773:
Interrogative morphemes are frequently preceded by the disjunctive particle na;
13922:
13791:
13662:
13594:
13431:
13276:
13256:
13199:
13136:
13057:
13007:
12997:
12992:
12972:
12957:
12937:
12842:
12832:
12827:
12799:
12641:
12636:
12604:
12494:
12484:
12434:
12419:
12366:
12350:
12314:
12279:
12179:
12085:
12075:
12070:
11959:
11939:
11924:
11884:
11856:
11851:
11821:
11796:
11786:
11776:
11766:
11761:
11740:
11712:
11697:
11672:
11624:
11619:
11604:
11511:
11475:
11460:
11455:
11440:
11420:
11394:
11373:
11368:
11358:
11308:
11268:
11242:
11226:
11216:
11200:
11190:
11169:
11164:
11159:
11044:
11029:
10973:
10968:
10958:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10823:
10772:
10702:
10554:
10549:
10544:
10475:
10411:
10369:
10108:
10103:
10082:
10072:
9945:
9810:
9786:
9776:
9754:
9674:
9653:
9585:
9580:
9547:
9329:
9221:
9056:
8963:
8917:
8809:
8788:
8756:
8746:
8726:
8686:
8671:
8621:
8606:
8548:
8500:
8433:
8380:
8316:
8185:
8138:
8068:
7992:
7920:
7902:
7846:
7841:
7791:
7771:
7693:
7683:
7659:
7648:
7546:
7541:
7526:
7500:
7485:
7480:
7393:
7375:
7278:
7257:
7165:
7150:
7145:
7130:
7125:
7092:
7082:
7072:
7037:
7030:
6956:
6855:
6850:
6790:
6697:
6521:
6506:
6481:
6257:
6223:
6171:
6102:
6092:
6049:
5984:
5974:
5813:
5725:
5672:
5666:
5583:
5575:
5490:
5448:
5438:
5403:
5393:
5373:
5353:
5338:
5308:
5288:
5283:
5273:
5248:
5213:
5193:
5177:
5167:
5151:
5141:
5120:
5115:
5110:
4973:
4890:
4875:
4860:
4855:
4845:
4815:
4810:
4795:
4745:
4712:
4694:
4664:
4654:
4634:
4614:
4537:
4381:
3392:
When the O in the relative clause is a proper N, it is marked with the article
614:(C represents a single consonant and V represents a monophthong or diphthong.)
4408:
13938:
13796:
13760:
13296:
13281:
13271:
13241:
13219:
13189:
13141:
13012:
12977:
12967:
12922:
12809:
12804:
12784:
12776:
12676:
12661:
12646:
12621:
12598:
12593:
12574:
12559:
12533:
12479:
12459:
12274:
12254:
12209:
12204:
12149:
12095:
12080:
12065:
12030:
12000:
11904:
11894:
11889:
11816:
11811:
11791:
11771:
11735:
11687:
11647:
11642:
11589:
11579:
11564:
11465:
11415:
11122:
10905:
10610:
10594:
10526:
10511:
10480:
10465:
10455:
10450:
10374:
10343:
10262:
10216:
10180:
10092:
10032:
10010:
9939:
9934:
9820:
9781:
9625:
9600:
9595:
9590:
9562:
9542:
9410:
9297:
9292:
9234:
9229:
9193:
9015:
8968:
8958:
8814:
8736:
8681:
8578:
8520:
8369:
8269:
8241:
8231:
8088:
8038:
8028:
8013:
7982:
7886:
7861:
7851:
7836:
7831:
7708:
7653:
7623:
7618:
7140:
6775:
6186:
5949:
5920:
5898:
5753:
5678:
5601:
5504:
5328:
5313:
5073:
4840:
4727:
4599:
4369:
4988:
12987:
12569:
12564:
12424:
12244:
12090:
11975:
11944:
11846:
11692:
11348:
10978:
10579:
10564:
9840:
9527:
9364:
8766:
8063:
7972:
7962:
7942:
6732:
5428:
4895:
4604:
2116:
Nouns of the second class are used with separate possessive words such as:
3293:
so after gather 3PL DEF:PL ⟨NOM⟩know FOC go bomb-TR-3SG 3PL DEF place that
1431:
These are suffixed to a second kind of indirect or alienable possessions:
150:
10432:
8083:
8073:
7997:
7987:
6308:
5519:
3960:
time stay you.SG PREP inside tropic FOC must wash.hands always ABS you.SG
2972:. They may only be formed on A, S and O and on the argument nominal of a
215:
66:
657:
Roots of one syllable, with the exception of prepositions and articles;
4413:
4361:
388:
159:
143:
211:
194:
3972:
The event of an 'after' clause is introduced by the subordinator
3290:
Ke beto vagi ri sarina ⟨in⟩avoso si la buna-i-a ri sa vasina asa.
305:
207:
190:
8210:
4110:
Ke beto vagiri sarina ⟨in⟩avoso si 1a buna-i-a ri sa vasina asa.
3963:'When you stay in the tropics, you must always wash your hands.'
672:
Roots of two syllables are stressed on the initial syllables;
3703:
3447:
3369:
770:
Stress is assigned independently to each root in a compound:
223:
4140:
2464:
is commonly used with a proper noun in the subjective case,
4228:
DUP-walk they go there FOC meet-3SG.DO they.ERG ABS Possum
3957:
Totso koa goi pa korapa tropic si kaqu pezaku lamo si goi.
2162:
Nouns are formed from verbs & adjectives by the infix
193:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
5852:
2549:
10296:
9174:
3880:
2984:
Complement clauses are introduced by the subordinator
2943:
Gina tourism kamahire kote sage mae ba lopu ta-gilana.
4506:
4434:. Honolulu, HI, USA: University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
2142:. They denote a place where an action is performed:
4348:
but if go.down come.out come it FOC FUT leave ABS I
27:
Austronesian language spoken in the Solomon Islands
3833:'When' clauses are introduced by the subordinator
2946:maybe tourism now FUT go.up come but NEG PASS-know
2166:. When the verb or adjective begins with a vowel,
4345:...ba pude gore vura mae sa si kote taloa si rau.
3099:They didn't like it, that I was holding the girl.
13936:
2949:'Maybe tourism will pick up, but we don't know.'
2136:Local nouns are formed from verbs by the suffix
4368:that include Rovianan materials, including the
3082:Lopu hiva-ni-a ri sapu tangin-i-a rau sa vineki
2749:
2729:
2588:
1312:
4231:'As they were walking along, they met Possum.'
4186:
4063:
3790:
3699:
3615:
3443:
3365:
3248:
3085:NEG like-TR-3SG 3PL C hold-TR-3SG 1SG DEF girl
3058:
3048:
3013:
2616:
2486:
2446:The personal articles are the non- absolutive
2273:
1733:
1279:
1152:
1130:
5535:
5502:
5018:
5004:
4492:
4225:En-ene ri la hoirana si tutuvi-a ri se Manue.
3973:
3840:
3834:
3393:
3324:
3155:
3147:
3139:
3130:
3116:
3110:
2985:
2967:
2854:
2846:
2838:
2830:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2785:
2777:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2662:
2656:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2395:
2335:
2329:
2303:
2297:
2246:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2201:
2194:
2181:
2174:
2153:
2146:
2137:
2127:
2120:
2107:
2100:
2078:
2071:
2059:
2052:
2040:
2033:
2021:
2014:
1982:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1898:
1886:
1857:
1845:
1833:
1821:
1809:
1797:
1785:
1773:
1703:
1696:
1684:
1677:
1665:
1651:
1644:
1599:
1582:
1576:
1565:
1558:
1546:
1539:
1527:
1513:
1506:
1421:
1414:
1402:
1395:
1383:
1369:
1362:
1253:
1246:
1234:
1227:
1215:
1201:
1194:
1107:
1100:
1088:
1081:
1069:
1055:
1048:
1009:
1002:
995:
981:
974:
967:
952:
945:
938:
924:
917:
910:
895:
888:
881:
867:
860:
853:
839:
832:
825:
4127:
3258:
3193:
3135:, a consequence of being in focus position;
3023:
2422:
2378:
2047:that's the girl there/that man/that's Maria
1469:
229:
3089:
2766:
5549:
5542:
5528:
5011:
4997:
4499:
4485:
2650:
2042:asa sa vineki hoi/na tie sana/asa se Maria
3821:this DEF boy REL punch-TR-3SG.DO ART John
3646:this DEF boy REL punch-TR-3SG.DO ART John
3088:'They didn't like me holding the girl.' (
2998:
2926:
2418:
2374:
2269:
1995:
1757:
1729:
1595:
1465:
1308:
1275:
1121:such as kin terms and parts of the body.
5513:) is being considered for deletion. See
4429:
3730:this DEF boy REL punch-3SG.NSUF ART John
3561:
3488:
3474:this DEF boy REL punch-3SG.NSUF ART John
3332:
2976:. A more detailed explanation is below.
2028:this man/what is this?/this is my house
2023:sa tie hie/sa si hie? /hiera sa qua vetu
4331:
4211:
3951:
3940:
3870:
2578:
2554:
2496:
2340:may also be applied with plural nouns:
187:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
13937:
5562:
3818:Hierana sa koreo sapu tupa-i-a e Zone.
3775:
3688:
3643:Hierana sa koreo sapu tupa-i-a e Zone.
3600:
3527:
3432:
2550:Imperative and interrogative sentences
2066:these are your books/are these yours?
1870:
1713:The possessive for desire is prefixed
1336:
1022:
10295:
9173:
7877:
7012:
5854:Western branches of Malayo–Polynesian
5851:
5835:
5834:
5561:
5523:
4992:
4480:
4404:
4402:
4351:'...but if it works out, I'll leave.'
4201:
4190:
4078:
4067:
4022:
3794:
3727:Hierana sa koreo sapu tupa-na e Zone.
3619:
3471:Hierana sa koreo sapu tupa-na e Zone.
3318:
3207:
3033:
2979:
2936:
2534:Dogoria rau se Nate rane sarere lahe.
1168:
4313:
3824:'This is the boy that John punched.'
3733:'This is the boy that punched John.'
3649:'This is the boy that John punched.'
3557:'This is the man who is going away.'
3537:
3477:'This is the boy that punched John.'
3124:
2892:
2794:
1575:The possessive for food is prefixed
10298:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages
9176:Central Malayo-Polynesian languages
4366:a number of Open Access collections
2961:
24:
13918:? indicates classification dispute
5486:? indicates classification dispute
4399:
4233:Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (
4059:
3967:
3786:
3735:Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (
3611:
3479:Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (
3383:Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (
3244:
3044:
3009:
2348:
2259:
1263:These are suffixed to indirect or
25:
13966:
5517:to help reach a consensus. ›
4355:
3828:
2612:
2537:saw 1SG ABS Nate rane sarere lahe
2237:
493:
470:
451:
439:
418:
408:
398:
374:
364:
354:
335:
325:
315:
291:
281:
271:
13950:Languages of the Solomon Islands
4508:Languages of the Solomon Islands
4088:
4018:
3757:
3670:
3582:
3509:
3414:
3346:
3268:
3203:
3068:
2953:
2626:
2408:
1447:
4242:
3804:
3713:
3629:
3551:Hierana sa tie sapu kote taloa.
3457:
2799:
2061:hire mua buka/tamu goi si hire?
703:The nominalising infix ⟨
606:
4423:
3839:'time' or the syncopated form
13:
1:
13955:Languages of Papua New Guinea
13945:Northwest Solomonic languages
4442:
4303:
4175:
4040:
3906:
3304:
3225:
2753:
2739:
1117:These are suffixed to direct/
617:
234:
214:lagoons at the north central
13915:* indicates proposed status
5483:* indicates proposed status
4392:
2835:is far more common in texts)
7:
13802:Futuna-Aniwa / West Futunan
2540:'I saw Nate last Saturday.'
2302:can also be exchanged with
797:
781:'church ('pray' + 'house')'
653:Stress is not contrastive.
622:There are five diphthongs;
10:
13971:
3554:this DEF man REL FUT leave
2387:INDEF person poor POSS:3PL
2245:The indefinite article is
785:
13910:
13849:
13784:
13705:
13676:
13628:
13617:
13608:
13580:
13573:
13547:
13536:
13491:
13412:
13401:
13378:
13369:
13356:
13347:
13229:
13162:
13155:
13129:
13120:
13103:
13067:
13034:
13025:
12818:
12775:
12700:
12689:
12584:
12552:
12509:
12410:
12399:
12388:
12359:
12328:
12117:
12108:
11870:
11721:
11633:
11552:
11541:
11520:
11317:
11235:
11209:
11183:
11142:
11131:
11110:
11079:
11068:
11057:
10939:
10893:
10882:
10842:
10816:
10790:
10781:
10758:
10716:
10669:
10655:
10646:
10637:
10603:
10535:
10502:
10493:
10441:
10425:
10404:
10383:
10362:
10353:
10317:
10308:
10304:
10291:
10165:
10126:
10117:
10058:
10051:
9998:
9985:
9975:
9959:
9922:
9859:
9801:
9764:
9724:
9698:
9667:
9644:
9634:
9561:
9517:
9494:
9424:
9406:
9397:
9312:
9243:
9220:
9211:
9202:
9186:
9182:
9169:
9140:
9123:
9075:
9039:
9008:
8990:
8981:
8949:
8916:
8909:
8871:
8840:
8831:
8779:
8722:
8713:
8706:
8640:
8597:
8534:
8456:
8447:
8417:
8396:
8357:
8330:
8312:
8260:
8221:
8203:
8175:
8159:
8120:
7916:
7870:
7817:
7810:
7732:
7669:
7569:
7465:
7384:
7365:
7356:
7319:
7266:
7245:
7236:
7226:
7196:
7189:
7177:
7163:
7111:
7021:
7005:
6970:
6947:
6940:
6902:
6869:
6841:
6818:
6756:
6678:
6650:
6632:
6594:
6573:
6530:
6376:
6328:
6285:
6276:
6248:
6237:
6209:
6152:
6133:
6124:
6073:
6020:
6002:
5993:
5940:
5916:
5907:
5879:
5864:
5860:
5847:
5843:
5830:
5796:
5767:
5746:
5718:
5709:
5652:
5629:
5620:
5592:
5574:
5570:
5557:
5478:
5457:
5262:
5186:
5160:
5134:
5093:
5082:
5061:
5030:
5026:
5020:Meso-Melanesian languages
4924:
4779:
4736:
4703:
4573:
4555:
4546:
4530:
4514:
4128:'Contemporaneous' clauses
2544:
1692:
1673:
1643:
1635:
1625:
1554:
1535:
1505:
1497:
1487:
1410:
1391:
1361:
1353:
1343:
1242:
1223:
1193:
1185:
1175:
1096:
1077:
1047:
1039:
1029:
767:does not receive stress.
648:
584:
542:
485:
462:
387:
304:
265:
241:
230:Phonology and orthography
173:
157:
141:
136:
73:
58:
47:
37:
32:
5515:templates for discussion
4430:Schuelke, Peter (2020).
2762:who name-2SG FOC 2SG:FOC
2394:The definite article is
2091:
13095:Whitesands / East Tanna
4419:(subscription required)
4337:
4327:
4319:
4309:
4299:
4291:
4283:
4275:
4267:
4259:
4251:
4217:
4207:
4196:
4181:
4171:
4163:
4155:
4147:
4136:
4102:
4094:
4084:
4073:
4054:
4046:
4036:
4028:
4014:
4006:
3998:
3990:
3982:
3974:
3946:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3912:
3902:
3894:
3886:
3876:
3865:
3857:
3849:
3841:
3835:
3810:
3800:
3781:
3771:
3763:
3753:
3745:
3719:
3709:
3694:
3684:
3676:
3666:
3658:
3635:
3625:
3606:
3596:
3588:
3578:
3570:
3543:
3533:
3523:
3515:
3505:
3497:
3463:
3453:
3438:
3428:
3420:
3410:
3402:
3394:
3360:
3352:
3342:
3325:
3282:
3274:
3264:
3254:
3239:
3231:
3221:
3213:
3199:
3189:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3156:
3148:
3140:
3131:
3117:
3111:
3074:
3064:
3054:
3039:
3029:
3019:
3004:
2994:
2986:
2968:
2932:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2898:
2888:
2880:
2872:
2864:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2825:
2817:
2809:
2786:
2778:
2745:
2735:
2724:
2716:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2663:
2657:
2651:Interrogative sentences
2643:CAUS-come-3SG DEF knife
2632:
2622:
2608:
2584:
2574:
2566:
2526:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2492:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2428:
2414:
2404:
2396:
2370:
2362:
2354:
2344:
2336:
2330:
2317:
2312:
2304:
2298:
2279:
2265:
2255:
2247:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2202:
2195:
2182:
2175:
2154:
2147:
2138:
2128:
2121:
2108:
2101:
2079:
2072:
2060:
2053:
2041:
2034:
2022:
2015:
2006:E.g. sentence/question
1983:
1971:
1959:
1947:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1899:
1887:
1858:
1846:
1834:
1822:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1774:
1739:
1725:
1704:
1697:
1685:
1678:
1666:
1652:
1645:
1605:
1591:
1583:
1577:
1566:
1559:
1547:
1540:
1528:
1514:
1507:
1461:
1453:
1443:
1435:
1422:
1415:
1403:
1396:
1384:
1370:
1363:
1318:
1304:
1285:
1271:
1254:
1247:
1235:
1228:
1216:
1202:
1195:
1147:
1125:
1119:inalienable possessions
1108:
1101:
1089:
1082:
1070:
1056:
1049:
1010:
1003:
996:
982:
975:
968:
953:
946:
939:
925:
918:
911:
896:
889:
882:
868:
861:
854:
840:
833:
826:
13832:Wallisian / East Uvean
13807:Futunan / East Futunan
13555:Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua
9765:Luangic–Kisaric ?
8024:Kelantan-Pattani Malay
5551:Austronesian languages
5510:Austronesian languages
2765:'What is your name?' (
1996:Demonstrative pronouns
1864:which (of two things)
1758:Interrogative pronouns
1481:'This is his/her room'
1478:This DEF room POSS:3PL
790:Roviana word order is
737:The transitive suffix
175:This article contains
13075:Kwamera / South Tanna
8049:Negeri Sembilan Malay
7301:Kota Marudu Talantang
3562:Relative clauses on O
3489:Relative clauses on S
3378:DEF tree big-3SG.NSUF
3333:Relative clauses on A
2759:Esei poza-mu si agoi?
2132:– 'his/her/its house'
2112:– 'her/his /its eyes'
2085:those are your books
1804:who (of two persons)
1265:alienable possessions
591:V → V: / stressed Vs
13080:Lenakel / West Tanna
7943:Brunei/Kedayan Malay
6075:Southern Cordilleran
2769:'Who is your name?')
2646:'Give me the knife!'
2555:Imperative sentences
2384:na tie habahuala -di
1929:one of his/her kids
759:'see us (EXClusive)'
104:New Georgia – Ysabel
10862:Natügu / Santa Cruz
9699:Wetar–Galoli ?
9111:Toraja-Saʼdan
8370:Kawi / Old Javanese
7311:Klias River Kadazan
6758:Gorontalo–Mongondow
6022:Central Cordilleran
2290:INDEF POSS:3SG book
1977:different language
1871:Indefinite pronouns
1337:Postposed possessor
1023:Pronominal suffixes
792:verb–subject–object
731:/ˈhabo-ˈhabotu-ana/
100:Northwest Solomonic
13756:Rakahanga-Manihiki
13718:Cook Islands Māori
12983:Northeast Malakula
11222:Lavatbura–Lamusong
6278:Central Philippine
5564:Formosan languages
5173:Lavatbura–Lamusong
2980:Complement clauses
2470:in the objective:
2439:DEF POSS:3PL house
2168:⟨in⟩
2164:⟨in⟩
1475:Hie sa lose tanisa
1169:Preposed possessor
1142:'his/her/its hand'
297:⟨ng⟩
64:(9,900 cited 1999)
53:New Georgia Island
13932:
13931:
13906:
13905:
13902:
13901:
13898:
13897:
13894:
13893:
13890:
13889:
13886:
13885:
13882:
13881:
13878:
13877:
13845:
13844:
13532:
13531:
13528:
13527:
13524:
13523:
13343:
13342:
13339:
13338:
13335:
13334:
13331:
13330:
13116:
13115:
13021:
13020:
12685:
12684:
12384:
12383:
12380:
12379:
12104:
12103:
11537:
11536:
11533:
11532:
11053:
11052:
10878:
10877:
10754:
10753:
10633:
10632:
10629:
10628:
10489:
10488:
10287:
10286:
10283:
10282:
10279:
10278:
10275:
10274:
10271:
10270:
9955:
9954:
9490:
9489:
9393:
9392:
9308:
9307:
9165:
9164:
9161:
9160:
9136:
9135:
9119:
9118:
8977:
8976:
8827:
8826:
8823:
8822:
8775:
8774:
8326:
8325:
8308:
8307:
8212:Northwest Sumatra
8199:
8198:
8116:
8115:
8112:
8111:
8003:Kendayan / Selako
7565:
7564:
7461:
7460:
7457:
7456:
7352:
7351:
7173:
7172:
7159:
7158:
7001:
7000:
6997:
6996:
6833:Calamian Tagbanwa
6814:
6813:
6590:
6589:
6502:Southern Sorsogon
6477:Northern Sorsogon
6436:
6429:
6319:
6312:
6205:
6204:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6115:
5881:Batanic (Bashiic)
5837:Malayo–Polynesian
5826:
5825:
5822:
5821:
5792:
5791:
5705:
5704:
5500:
5499:
5474:
5473:
5470:
5469:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4515:Official language
4417:(18th ed., 2015)
3125:Adverbial clauses
2795:Complex sentences
2640:Va-mae-a sa magu.
2390:'the poor people'
2089:
2088:
1993:
1992:
1948:ka visavisa/kaiqa
1941:others/some more
1868:
1867:
1753:'I want to sleep'
1711:
1710:
1573:
1572:
1429:
1428:
1261:
1260:
1115:
1114:
1020:
1019:
589:
588:
508:
507:
499:⟨l⟩
476:⟨r⟩
457:⟨h⟩
445:⟨s⟩
434:
424:⟨g⟩
414:⟨z⟩
404:⟨v⟩
395:
380:⟨k⟩
370:⟨t⟩
360:⟨p⟩
351:
341:⟨q⟩
331:⟨d⟩
321:⟨b⟩
312:
287:⟨n⟩
277:⟨m⟩
201:
200:
183:rendering support
179:phonetic symbols.
90:Malayo-Polynesian
16:(Redirected from
13962:
13626:
13625:
13615:
13614:
13578:
13577:
13545:
13544:
13410:
13409:
13376:
13375:
13354:
13353:
13160:
13159:
13127:
13126:
13032:
13031:
12773:
12772:
12767:Southeast Ambrym
12698:
12697:
12408:
12407:
12397:
12396:
12250:Arifama-Miniafia
12115:
12114:
11550:
11549:
11140:
11139:
11077:
11076:
11066:
11065:
10894:Gela–Guadalcanal
10891:
10890:
10857:Engdewu / Nanggu
10844:Reefs–Santa Cruz
10788:
10787:
10653:
10652:
10644:
10643:
10500:
10499:
10360:
10359:
10315:
10314:
10306:
10305:
10293:
10292:
10124:
10123:
10056:
10055:
9983:
9982:
9923:Southwest Maluku
9642:
9641:
9404:
9403:
9218:
9217:
9209:
9208:
9184:
9183:
9171:
9170:
9047:Aralle-Tabulahan
9040:Pitu Ulunna Salu
8988:
8987:
8914:
8913:
8838:
8837:
8720:
8719:
8711:
8710:
8454:
8453:
8219:
8218:
8214:–Barrier Islands
8208:
8207:
8099:Terengganu Malay
7875:
7874:
7815:
7814:
7363:
7362:
7306:Rungus / Momogun
7243:
7242:
7234:
7233:
7194:
7193:
7187:
7186:
7146:West Coast Bajaw
7019:
7018:
7010:
7009:
7006:Greater Barito *
6945:
6944:
6748:Western Bukidnon
6614:Central Tagbanwa
6604:Aborlan Tagbanwa
6432:
6425:
6358:Mount Iriga Agta
6353:Mount Iraya Agta
6315:
6307:
6283:
6282:
6250:Southern Mindoro
6246:
6245:
6211:Northern Mindoro
6131:
6130:
6000:
5999:
5995:Meso-Cordilleran
5914:
5913:
5877:
5876:
5862:
5861:
5849:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5832:
5831:
5716:
5715:
5627:
5626:
5572:
5571:
5559:
5558:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5521:
5520:
5091:
5090:
5028:
5027:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4990:
4989:
4553:
4552:
4501:
4494:
4487:
4478:
4477:
4436:
4435:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4406:
4333:
4315:
4305:
4238:
4213:
4203:
4192:
4188:
4177:
4142:
4123:
4090:
4080:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4042:
4024:
4020:
3977:
3953:
3942:
3908:
3882:
3872:
3844:
3838:
3806:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3777:
3759:
3740:
3715:
3705:
3701:
3690:
3672:
3631:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3602:
3584:
3539:
3529:
3511:
3484:
3459:
3449:
3445:
3434:
3416:
3397:
3388:
3371:
3367:
3348:
3328:
3319:Relative clauses
3270:
3260:
3250:
3246:
3227:
3209:
3205:
3195:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3134:
3120:
3114:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3070:
3060:
3050:
3046:
3035:
3025:
3015:
3011:
3000:
2989:
2971:
2962:Relative clauses
2938:
2928:
2894:
2858:
2850:
2842:
2834:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2789:
2781:
2768:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2731:
2710:
2702:
2695:'how many/much?'
2694:
2686:
2678:
2666:
2660:
2628:
2618:
2614:
2590:
2580:
2498:
2488:
2469:
2463:
2457:
2451:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2399:
2380:
2376:
2350:
2339:
2333:
2307:
2301:
2275:
2271:
2261:
2250:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2205:
2198:
2185:
2178:
2169:
2165:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2131:
2124:
2111:
2104:
2082:
2075:
2063:
2056:
2044:
2037:
2025:
2018:
2016:hie/si hie/hiera
2000:
1999:
1986:
1974:
1962:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1924:keke nana koburu
1914:
1902:
1890:
1875:
1874:
1861:
1849:
1837:
1825:
1813:
1801:
1789:
1777:
1762:
1761:
1735:
1731:
1707:
1700:
1688:
1681:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1623:
1622:
1601:
1597:
1586:
1580:
1569:
1562:
1550:
1543:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1485:
1484:
1471:
1467:
1449:
1425:
1418:
1406:
1399:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1341:
1340:
1314:
1310:
1281:
1277:
1257:
1250:
1238:
1231:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1173:
1172:
1154:
1132:
1111:
1104:
1092:
1085:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1027:
1026:
1013:
1006:
999:
985:
978:
971:
956:
949:
942:
928:
921:
914:
899:
892:
885:
871:
864:
857:
843:
836:
829:
802:
801:
780:
776:
766:
758:
757:/ˈdoɣoˈr-i-ɣami/
748:'hit him/her/it'
747:
740:
732:
728:
717:
713:
706:
696:
692:
681:
677:
666:
662:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
603:
599:
547:
546:
538:
532:
528:
522:
518:
500:
497:
477:
474:
458:
455:
446:
443:
432:
425:
422:
415:
412:
405:
402:
393:
381:
378:
371:
368:
361:
358:
349:
342:
339:
332:
329:
322:
319:
310:
298:
295:
288:
285:
278:
275:
239:
238:
169:
153:
146:
79:
30:
29:
21:
13970:
13969:
13965:
13964:
13963:
13961:
13960:
13959:
13935:
13934:
13933:
13928:
13927:
13874:
13841:
13780:
13701:
13672:
13620:
13604:
13569:
13539:
13520:
13487:
13404:
13397:
13371:
13365:
13327:
13225:
13151:
13130:Loyalty Islands
13122:
13112:
13099:
13090:Southwest Tanna
13063:
13042:Erromanga / Sie
13017:
12814:
12771:
12703:
12693:
12691:
12681:
12610:Cape Cumberland
12580:
12553:South Pentecost
12548:
12529:Northeast Ambae
12512:North Pentecost
12511:
12505:
12402:
12391:
12376:
12355:
12329:Kilivila–Misima
12324:
12100:
11866:
11717:
11629:
11555:
11544:
11529:
11516:
11320:
11313:
11231:
11205:
11179:
11135:
11133:
11127:
11106:
11071:
11060:
11049:
10941:
10935:
10885:
10874:
10838:
10812:
10777:
10750:
10730:Southern Kaniet
10724:Northern Kaniet
10712:
10665:
10625:
10599:
10531:
10485:
10443:South Halmahera
10437:
10421:
10400:
10379:
10349:
10300:
10267:
10161:
10113:
10047:
9994:
9971:
9951:
9918:
9899:Southeast Babar
9874:Dawera-Daweloor
9855:
9797:
9760:
9720:
9694:
9668:Central Timor *
9663:
9630:
9557:
9513:
9486:
9420:
9389:
9304:
9239:
9198:
9178:
9157:
9132:
9115:
9071:
9035:
9004:
8973:
8945:
8905:
8867:
8819:
8771:
8702:
8642:Tomini–Tolitoli
8636:
8593:
8530:
8443:
8420:
8413:
8392:
8353:
8322:
8304:
8256:
8213:
8195:
8171:
8155:
8108:
8079:Pontianak Malay
7912:
7866:
7811:Malayo–Chamic *
7806:
7728:
7665:
7599:Kanowit–Tanjong
7571:Central Sarawak
7561:
7476:Kenyah / Bakung
7453:
7380:
7358:
7348:
7315:
7296:Eastern Kadazan
7284:Coastal Kadazan
7262:
7238:
7228:Southwest Sabah
7222:
7198:Northeast Sabah
7180:
7169:
7155:
7136:Pangutaran Sama
7107:
6993:
6966:
6936:
6898:
6865:
6837:
6810:
6752:
6703:Cotabato Manobo
6674:
6646:
6642:Western Subanon
6628:
6586:
6569:
6526:
6372:
6324:
6272:
6240:
6239:Greater Central
6233:
6201:
6148:
6112:
6069:
6016:
5989:
5936:
5903:
5868:
5856:
5839:
5818:
5797:Southern ?
5788:
5763:
5742:
5701:
5654:
5648:
5616:
5588:
5566:
5553:
5548:
5518:
5501:
5496:
5495:
5466:
5453:
5265:
5258:
5182:
5156:
5130:
5086:
5084:
5078:
5057:
5022:
5017:
4987:
4978:
4920:
4782:
4775:
4771:Vaeakau-Taumako
4732:
4699:
4576:
4569:
4548:
4542:
4526:
4510:
4505:
4445:
4440:
4439:
4428:
4424:
4418:
4407:
4400:
4395:
4358:
4353:
4343:
4335:
4325:
4317:
4307:
4297:
4289:
4281:
4273:
4265:
4257:
4245:
4240:
4232:
4223:
4215:
4205:
4194:
4179:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4130:
4125:
4117:
4108:
4100:
4092:
4082:
4071:
4052:
4044:
4034:
4026:
4012:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3970:
3968:'After' clauses
3965:
3955:
3944:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3910:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3874:
3863:
3855:
3831:
3826:
3816:
3808:
3798:
3779:
3769:
3761:
3751:
3742:
3734:
3725:
3717:
3707:
3692:
3682:
3674:
3664:
3651:
3641:
3633:
3623:
3604:
3594:
3586:
3576:
3564:
3559:
3549:
3541:
3531:
3521:
3513:
3503:
3491:
3486:
3478:
3469:
3461:
3451:
3436:
3426:
3418:
3408:
3390:
3382:
3375:sa huda noma-na
3373:
3358:
3350:
3335:
3321:
3307:
3298:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3262:
3252:
3237:
3229:
3219:
3211:
3197:
3187:
3179:
3171:
3127:
3106:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3080:
3072:
3062:
3052:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3002:
2982:
2974:verbless clause
2964:
2956:
2951:
2941:
2930:
2920:
2912:
2904:
2896:
2886:
2878:
2870:
2802:
2797:
2771:
2757:
2743:
2733:
2722:
2653:
2648:
2638:
2630:
2620:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2582:
2572:
2564:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2490:
2480:
2452:and absolutive
2444:
2434:
2426:
2412:
2392:
2382:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2327:
2320:
2315:
2295:
2285:
2277:
2263:
2240:
2227:
2220:
2200:
2180:
2167:
2163:
2155:habo-habotu-ana
2152:
2126:
2106:
2094:
1998:
1878:Indef.Pronouns
1873:
1765:Inter.Pronouns
1760:
1755:
1745:
1737:
1660:
1639:
1621:
1611:
1603:
1522:
1501:
1483:
1473:
1459:
1451:
1441:
1378:
1357:
1339:
1334:
1324:
1316:
1301:
1299:'his/her canoe'
1291:
1283:
1210:
1189:
1171:
1166:
1156:
1144:
1134:
1064:
1043:
1025:
800:
788:
651:
620:
609:
545:
498:
475:
456:
444:
423:
413:
403:
379:
369:
359:
340:
330:
320:
296:
286:
276:
237:
232:
220:Solomon Islands
181:Without proper
165:
149:
142:
132:
112:Roviana–Kusaghe
80:
77:Language family
75:
69:: 16,000 (1987)
65:
61:
60:Native speakers
42:Solomon Islands
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13968:
13958:
13957:
13952:
13947:
13930:
13929:
13926:
13925:
13923:extinct status
13919:
13916:
13912:
13911:
13908:
13907:
13904:
13903:
13900:
13899:
13896:
13895:
13892:
13891:
13888:
13887:
13884:
13883:
13880:
13879:
13876:
13875:
13873:
13872:
13867:
13862:
13855:
13853:
13847:
13846:
13843:
13842:
13840:
13839:
13834:
13829:
13824:
13819:
13814:
13809:
13804:
13799:
13794:
13788:
13786:
13782:
13781:
13779:
13778:
13773:
13768:
13763:
13758:
13753:
13748:
13743:
13742:
13741:
13730:
13725:
13720:
13715:
13709:
13707:
13703:
13702:
13700:
13699:
13694:
13689:
13682:
13680:
13674:
13673:
13671:
13670:
13665:
13660:
13655:
13650:
13645:
13640:
13635:
13633:Kapingamarangi
13629:
13623:
13612:
13606:
13605:
13603:
13602:
13597:
13592:
13587:
13581:
13575:
13571:
13570:
13568:
13567:
13565:Western Fijian
13562:
13557:
13551:
13549:
13542:
13534:
13533:
13530:
13529:
13526:
13525:
13522:
13521:
13519:
13518:
13513:
13508:
13503:
13497:
13495:
13489:
13488:
13486:
13485:
13480:
13475:
13470:
13465:
13460:
13455:
13450:
13445:
13440:
13435:
13429:
13424:
13418:
13416:
13407:
13399:
13398:
13396:
13395:
13390:
13385:
13379:
13373:
13367:
13366:
13364:
13363:
13357:
13351:
13345:
13344:
13341:
13340:
13337:
13336:
13333:
13332:
13329:
13328:
13326:
13325:
13320:
13314:
13309:
13304:
13299:
13294:
13289:
13284:
13279:
13274:
13269:
13264:
13259:
13254:
13249:
13244:
13239:
13233:
13231:
13227:
13226:
13224:
13223:
13217:
13212:
13207:
13202:
13197:
13192:
13187:
13182:
13177:
13172:
13166:
13164:
13157:
13156:New Caledonian
13153:
13152:
13150:
13149:
13144:
13139:
13133:
13131:
13124:
13118:
13117:
13114:
13113:
13111:
13110:
13104:
13101:
13100:
13098:
13097:
13092:
13087:
13082:
13077:
13071:
13069:
13065:
13064:
13062:
13061:
13055:
13050:
13044:
13038:
13036:
13029:
13023:
13022:
13019:
13018:
13016:
13015:
13010:
13005:
13000:
12995:
12990:
12985:
12980:
12975:
12970:
12965:
12960:
12955:
12950:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12930:
12925:
12920:
12915:
12910:
12905:
12900:
12895:
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12865:
12860:
12855:
12850:
12845:
12840:
12835:
12830:
12824:
12822:
12816:
12815:
12813:
12812:
12807:
12802:
12797:
12792:
12787:
12781:
12779:
12770:
12769:
12764:
12759:
12754:
12749:
12744:
12739:
12734:
12729:
12724:
12719:
12714:
12708:
12706:
12695:
12687:
12686:
12683:
12682:
12680:
12679:
12674:
12669:
12664:
12659:
12654:
12649:
12644:
12639:
12634:
12629:
12624:
12619:
12618:
12617:
12607:
12602:
12596:
12590:
12588:
12586:Espiritu Santo
12582:
12581:
12579:
12578:
12572:
12567:
12562:
12556:
12554:
12550:
12549:
12547:
12546:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12526:
12521:
12515:
12513:
12507:
12506:
12504:
12503:
12498:
12492:
12487:
12482:
12477:
12472:
12467:
12462:
12457:
12452:
12447:
12442:
12437:
12432:
12427:
12422:
12416:
12414:
12405:
12394:
12386:
12385:
12382:
12381:
12378:
12377:
12375:
12374:
12369:
12363:
12361:
12357:
12356:
12354:
12353:
12348:
12343:
12338:
12332:
12330:
12326:
12325:
12323:
12322:
12317:
12312:
12307:
12302:
12297:
12292:
12287:
12282:
12277:
12272:
12267:
12262:
12257:
12252:
12247:
12242:
12237:
12232:
12227:
12222:
12217:
12212:
12207:
12202:
12197:
12192:
12187:
12182:
12177:
12172:
12167:
12162:
12157:
12152:
12147:
12142:
12137:
12132:
12127:
12121:
12119:
12112:
12106:
12105:
12102:
12101:
12099:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12053:
12048:
12043:
12038:
12033:
12028:
12023:
12018:
12013:
12008:
12003:
11998:
11993:
11988:
11983:
11978:
11973:
11967:
11962:
11957:
11952:
11947:
11942:
11937:
11932:
11927:
11922:
11917:
11912:
11907:
11902:
11897:
11892:
11887:
11882:
11876:
11874:
11868:
11867:
11865:
11864:
11859:
11854:
11849:
11844:
11839:
11834:
11829:
11824:
11819:
11814:
11809:
11804:
11799:
11794:
11789:
11784:
11779:
11774:
11769:
11764:
11759:
11754:
11749:
11743:
11738:
11733:
11727:
11725:
11719:
11718:
11716:
11715:
11710:
11705:
11700:
11695:
11690:
11685:
11680:
11675:
11670:
11665:
11660:
11655:
11650:
11645:
11639:
11637:
11631:
11630:
11628:
11627:
11622:
11617:
11612:
11607:
11602:
11597:
11592:
11587:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11567:
11561:
11559:
11547:
11539:
11538:
11535:
11534:
11531:
11530:
11528:
11527:
11521:
11518:
11517:
11515:
11514:
11509:
11504:
11499:
11494:
11489:
11483:
11478:
11473:
11468:
11463:
11458:
11453:
11448:
11443:
11438:
11433:
11428:
11423:
11418:
11413:
11408:
11403:
11398:
11392:
11387:
11382:
11376:
11371:
11366:
11361:
11356:
11351:
11346:
11341:
11336:
11331:
11325:
11323:
11315:
11314:
11312:
11311:
11306:
11301:
11296:
11291:
11286:
11281:
11276:
11271:
11266:
11261:
11256:
11250:
11245:
11239:
11237:
11233:
11232:
11230:
11229:
11224:
11219:
11213:
11211:
11207:
11206:
11204:
11203:
11198:
11193:
11187:
11185:
11181:
11180:
11178:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11162:
11157:
11152:
11146:
11144:
11137:
11129:
11128:
11126:
11125:
11120:
11114:
11112:
11108:
11107:
11105:
11104:
11099:
11094:
11089:
11083:
11081:
11074:
11063:
11055:
11054:
11051:
11050:
11048:
11047:
11042:
11037:
11032:
11027:
11022:
11017:
11012:
11007:
11002:
10997:
10992:
10987:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10966:
10961:
10956:
10951:
10945:
10943:
10937:
10936:
10934:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10897:
10895:
10888:
10880:
10879:
10876:
10875:
10873:
10872:
10871:
10870:
10867:
10859:
10854:
10848:
10846:
10840:
10839:
10837:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10820:
10818:
10814:
10813:
10811:
10810:
10805:
10800:
10794:
10792:
10785:
10779:
10778:
10776:
10775:
10770:
10764:
10762:
10760:Saint Matthias
10756:
10755:
10752:
10751:
10749:
10748:
10743:
10738:
10733:
10727:
10720:
10718:
10714:
10713:
10711:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10684:
10679:
10673:
10671:
10667:
10666:
10664:
10663:
10656:
10650:
10641:
10635:
10634:
10631:
10630:
10627:
10626:
10624:
10623:
10618:
10613:
10607:
10605:
10601:
10600:
10598:
10597:
10592:
10587:
10582:
10577:
10572:
10567:
10562:
10557:
10552:
10547:
10541:
10539:
10533:
10532:
10530:
10529:
10524:
10519:
10514:
10508:
10506:
10497:
10491:
10490:
10487:
10486:
10484:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10447:
10445:
10439:
10438:
10436:
10435:
10429:
10427:
10423:
10422:
10420:
10419:
10414:
10408:
10406:
10402:
10401:
10399:
10398:
10393:
10387:
10385:
10381:
10380:
10378:
10377:
10372:
10366:
10364:
10357:
10351:
10350:
10348:
10347:
10341:
10335:
10330:
10325:
10318:
10312:
10302:
10301:
10289:
10288:
10285:
10284:
10281:
10280:
10277:
10276:
10273:
10272:
10269:
10268:
10266:
10265:
10260:
10255:
10250:
10245:
10240:
10234:
10229:
10224:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10178:
10172:
10170:
10163:
10162:
10160:
10159:
10154:
10149:
10144:
10139:
10134:
10127:
10121:
10115:
10114:
10112:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10096:
10090:
10085:
10080:
10075:
10070:
10065:
10059:
10053:
10049:
10048:
10046:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10024:
10018:
10013:
10008:
10002:
10000:
9996:
9995:
9993:
9992:
9986:
9980:
9977:Central Maluku
9973:
9972:
9970:
9969:
9963:
9961:
9957:
9956:
9953:
9952:
9950:
9949:
9943:
9937:
9932:
9926:
9924:
9920:
9919:
9917:
9916:
9911:
9906:
9901:
9896:
9891:
9886:
9881:
9876:
9871:
9865:
9863:
9857:
9856:
9854:
9853:
9848:
9843:
9838:
9833:
9828:
9823:
9818:
9813:
9807:
9805:
9799:
9798:
9796:
9795:
9789:
9784:
9779:
9774:
9768:
9766:
9762:
9761:
9759:
9758:
9752:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9730:
9728:
9722:
9721:
9719:
9718:
9713:
9708:
9702:
9700:
9696:
9695:
9693:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9671:
9669:
9665:
9664:
9662:
9661:
9656:
9651:
9645:
9639:
9632:
9631:
9629:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9598:
9593:
9588:
9583:
9578:
9573:
9567:
9565:
9559:
9558:
9556:
9555:
9550:
9545:
9540:
9535:
9530:
9524:
9522:
9515:
9514:
9512:
9511:
9506:
9500:
9498:
9492:
9491:
9488:
9487:
9485:
9484:
9479:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9459:
9454:
9449:
9444:
9439:
9434:
9428:
9426:
9422:
9421:
9419:
9418:
9413:
9407:
9401:
9399:Flores–Lembata
9395:
9394:
9391:
9390:
9388:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9367:
9362:
9357:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9332:
9327:
9322:
9316:
9314:
9313:Western Flores
9310:
9309:
9306:
9305:
9303:
9302:
9301:
9300:
9290:
9285:
9280:
9275:
9270:
9265:
9260:
9255:
9249:
9247:
9241:
9240:
9238:
9237:
9232:
9226:
9224:
9215:
9206:
9200:
9199:
9197:
9196:
9190:
9188:
9180:
9179:
9167:
9166:
9163:
9162:
9159:
9158:
9156:
9155:
9150:
9144:
9142:
9138:
9137:
9134:
9133:
9131:
9130:
9124:
9121:
9120:
9117:
9116:
9114:
9113:
9108:
9102:
9097:
9096:
9095:
9085:
9079:
9077:
9073:
9072:
9070:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9043:
9041:
9037:
9036:
9034:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9012:
9010:
9006:
9005:
9003:
9002:
8997:
8991:
8985:
8979:
8978:
8975:
8974:
8972:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8955:
8953:
8947:
8946:
8944:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8922:
8920:
8911:
8907:
8906:
8904:
8903:
8898:
8896:Highland Konjo
8893:
8888:
8883:
8877:
8875:
8869:
8868:
8866:
8865:
8860:
8855:
8850:
8844:
8842:
8835:
8833:South Sulawesi
8829:
8828:
8825:
8824:
8821:
8820:
8818:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8785:
8783:
8777:
8776:
8773:
8772:
8770:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8723:
8717:
8708:
8704:
8703:
8701:
8700:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8659:
8653:
8647:
8645:
8638:
8637:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8603:
8601:
8599:Saluan–Banggai
8595:
8594:
8592:
8591:
8586:
8581:
8576:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8540:
8538:
8532:
8531:
8529:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8462:
8460:
8451:
8445:
8444:
8442:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8425:
8423:
8415:
8414:
8412:
8411:
8406:
8400:
8398:
8394:
8393:
8391:
8390:
8389:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8361:
8359:
8355:
8354:
8352:
8351:
8346:
8343:
8340:
8334:
8332:
8328:
8327:
8324:
8323:
8321:
8320:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8303:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8266:
8264:
8258:
8257:
8255:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8222:
8216:
8205:
8201:
8200:
8197:
8196:
8194:
8193:
8188:
8182:
8180:
8173:
8172:
8170:
8169:
8163:
8161:
8157:
8156:
8154:
8153:
8152:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8124:
8122:
8118:
8117:
8114:
8113:
8110:
8109:
8107:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8041:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7934:
7933:
7928:
7917:
7914:
7913:
7911:
7910:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7889:
7883:
7881:
7872:
7868:
7867:
7865:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7823:
7821:
7812:
7808:
7807:
7805:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7738:
7736:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7675:
7673:
7667:
7666:
7664:
7663:
7657:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7634:Bah-Biau Punan
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7575:
7573:
7567:
7566:
7563:
7562:
7560:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7472:
7470:
7463:
7462:
7459:
7458:
7455:
7454:
7452:
7451:
7449:Sesayap Tidong
7446:
7444:Nonukan Tidong
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7390:
7388:
7382:
7381:
7379:
7378:
7373:
7366:
7360:
7354:
7353:
7350:
7349:
7347:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7325:
7323:
7317:
7316:
7314:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7287:
7286:
7281:
7272:
7270:
7264:
7263:
7261:
7260:
7255:
7249:
7247:
7240:
7231:
7224:
7223:
7221:
7220:
7214:
7209:
7203:
7201:
7191:
7190:North Borneo *
7184:
7175:
7174:
7171:
7170:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7157:
7156:
7154:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7117:
7115:
7109:
7108:
7106:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7034:
7033:
7022:
7016:
7007:
7003:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6991:
6986:
6980:
6974:
6972:
6968:
6967:
6965:
6964:
6962:Umiray Dumaget
6959:
6954:
6948:
6942:
6941:Other branches
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6908:
6906:
6900:
6899:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6875:
6873:
6867:
6866:
6864:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6847:
6845:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6835:
6830:
6824:
6822:
6816:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6762:
6760:
6754:
6753:
6751:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6684:
6682:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6656:
6654:
6648:
6647:
6645:
6644:
6638:
6636:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6600:
6598:
6592:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6577:
6575:
6574:(unclassified)
6571:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6536:
6534:
6528:
6527:
6525:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6430:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6382:
6380:
6374:
6373:
6371:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6334:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6321:
6320:
6313:
6300:
6295:
6289:
6287:
6280:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6254:
6252:
6243:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6215:
6213:
6207:
6206:
6203:
6202:
6200:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6158:
6156:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6146:
6140:
6134:
6128:
6122:
6121:
6118:
6117:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6079:
6077:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6026:
6024:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6009:
6003:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5946:
5944:
5942:Cagayan Valley
5938:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5929:
5923:
5917:
5911:
5909:Northern Luzon
5905:
5904:
5902:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5885:
5883:
5874:
5858:
5857:
5841:
5840:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5800:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5780:
5773:
5771:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5734:
5729:
5722:
5720:
5713:
5707:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5699:
5693:
5687:
5681:
5676:
5670:
5664:
5658:
5656:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5635:
5633:
5624:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5598:
5596:
5590:
5589:
5587:
5586:
5580:
5578:
5568:
5567:
5555:
5554:
5547:
5546:
5539:
5532:
5524:
5498:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5491:extinct status
5487:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5268:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5097:
5095:
5088:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5071:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5034:
5032:
5024:
5023:
5016:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4993:
4984:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4930:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4787:
4785:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4742:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4709:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4579:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4561:
4559:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4511:
4504:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4422:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4370:Arthur Cappell
4357:
4356:External links
4354:
4336:
4326:
4318:
4308:
4298:
4290:
4282:
4274:
4266:
4258:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4241:
4216:
4206:
4195:
4180:
4170:
4162:
4154:
4146:
4135:
4134:
4129:
4126:
4101:
4093:
4083:
4072:
4053:
4045:
4035:
4027:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3981:
3980:
3969:
3966:
3945:
3935:
3927:
3919:
3911:
3901:
3893:
3885:
3875:
3864:
3856:
3848:
3847:
3830:
3829:'When' clauses
3827:
3809:
3799:
3780:
3770:
3762:
3752:
3744:
3743:
3718:
3708:
3693:
3683:
3675:
3665:
3657:
3656:
3634:
3624:
3605:
3595:
3587:
3577:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3560:
3542:
3532:
3522:
3514:
3504:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3487:
3462:
3452:
3437:
3427:
3419:
3409:
3401:
3400:
3381:'the big tree'
3359:
3351:
3341:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3320:
3317:
3306:
3303:
3281:
3273:
3263:
3253:
3238:
3230:
3220:
3212:
3198:
3188:
3180:
3172:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3153:
3145:
3126:
3123:
3073:
3063:
3053:
3038:
3028:
3018:
3003:
2993:
2992:
2981:
2978:
2963:
2960:
2955:
2952:
2931:
2921:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2852:
2844:
2836:
2822:
2814:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2783:
2744:
2734:
2723:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2704:
2696:
2688:
2680:
2652:
2649:
2631:
2621:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2583:
2573:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2525:
2517:
2509:
2501:
2491:
2481:
2473:
2472:
2427:
2413:
2403:
2402:
2369:
2361:
2353:
2343:
2342:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2293:'his/her book'
2278:
2264:
2254:
2253:
2239:
2238:Demonstratives
2236:
2235:
2234:
2208:
2207:
2188:
2187:
2160:
2159:
2134:
2133:
2114:
2113:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2080:hiroi mua buka
2076:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2057:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2019:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2003:Dem. pronouns
1997:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1759:
1756:
1750:POSS:1SG sleep
1738:
1724:
1723:
1709:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1604:
1590:
1589:
1571:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1460:
1452:
1442:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1317:
1303:
1302:
1296:POSS:3SG canoe
1284:
1270:
1269:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1146:
1145:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1007:
1000:
993:
990:
989:
986:
979:
972:
965:
961:
960:
957:
950:
943:
936:
933:
932:
929:
922:
915:
908:
904:
903:
900:
893:
886:
879:
876:
875:
872:
865:
858:
851:
848:
847:
844:
837:
830:
823:
819:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
799:
796:
787:
784:
783:
782:
761:
760:
750:
749:
741:takes stress;
735:
734:
720:
719:
701:
700:
699:
698:
685:
684:
683:
670:
669:
668:
650:
647:
619:
616:
608:
605:
587:
586:
583:
579:
578:
575:
572:
568:
567:
564:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
544:
541:
506:
505:
503:
501:
491:
489:
483:
482:
480:
478:
468:
466:
460:
459:
449:
447:
437:
435:
429:
428:
426:
416:
406:
396:
391:
385:
384:
382:
372:
362:
352:
346:
345:
343:
333:
323:
313:
308:
302:
301:
299:
289:
279:
269:
263:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
236:
233:
231:
228:
199:
198:
185:, you may see
171:
170:
163:
155:
154:
147:
139:
138:
137:Language codes
134:
133:
131:
130:
129:
128:
127:
126:
125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
120:
119:
118:
83:
81:
74:
71:
70:
62:
59:
56:
55:
51:north central
49:
45:
44:
39:
38:Native to
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13967:
13956:
13953:
13951:
13948:
13946:
13943:
13942:
13940:
13924:
13920:
13917:
13914:
13913:
13909:
13871:
13868:
13866:
13863:
13860:
13857:
13856:
13854:
13852:
13848:
13838:
13835:
13833:
13830:
13828:
13825:
13823:
13820:
13818:
13815:
13813:
13810:
13808:
13805:
13803:
13800:
13798:
13795:
13793:
13790:
13789:
13787:
13783:
13777:
13774:
13772:
13769:
13767:
13764:
13762:
13759:
13757:
13754:
13752:
13749:
13747:
13744:
13739:
13736:
13735:
13734:
13731:
13729:
13726:
13724:
13721:
13719:
13716:
13714:
13711:
13710:
13708:
13704:
13698:
13695:
13693:
13690:
13687:
13684:
13683:
13681:
13679:
13675:
13669:
13666:
13664:
13661:
13659:
13656:
13654:
13651:
13649:
13646:
13644:
13641:
13639:
13636:
13634:
13631:
13630:
13627:
13624:
13622:
13616:
13613:
13611:
13607:
13601:
13598:
13596:
13593:
13591:
13588:
13586:
13583:
13582:
13579:
13576:
13572:
13566:
13563:
13561:
13558:
13556:
13553:
13552:
13550:
13546:
13543:
13541:
13535:
13517:
13514:
13512:
13509:
13507:
13504:
13502:
13499:
13498:
13496:
13494:
13490:
13484:
13481:
13479:
13476:
13474:
13471:
13469:
13466:
13464:
13461:
13459:
13456:
13454:
13451:
13449:
13446:
13444:
13441:
13439:
13436:
13433:
13430:
13428:
13425:
13423:
13420:
13419:
13417:
13415:
13411:
13408:
13406:
13400:
13394:
13391:
13389:
13386:
13384:
13381:
13380:
13377:
13374:
13368:
13362:
13359:
13358:
13355:
13352:
13350:
13346:
13324:
13321:
13318:
13315:
13313:
13310:
13308:
13305:
13303:
13300:
13298:
13295:
13293:
13290:
13288:
13285:
13283:
13280:
13278:
13275:
13273:
13270:
13268:
13265:
13263:
13260:
13258:
13255:
13253:
13250:
13248:
13245:
13243:
13240:
13238:
13235:
13234:
13232:
13228:
13221:
13218:
13216:
13213:
13211:
13208:
13206:
13203:
13201:
13198:
13196:
13193:
13191:
13188:
13186:
13183:
13181:
13178:
13176:
13173:
13171:
13168:
13167:
13165:
13161:
13158:
13154:
13148:
13145:
13143:
13140:
13138:
13135:
13134:
13132:
13128:
13125:
13123:New Caledonia
13119:
13109:
13106:
13105:
13102:
13096:
13093:
13091:
13088:
13086:
13083:
13081:
13078:
13076:
13073:
13072:
13070:
13066:
13059:
13056:
13054:
13051:
13048:
13045:
13043:
13040:
13039:
13037:
13033:
13030:
13028:
13027:South Vanuatu
13024:
13014:
13011:
13009:
13006:
13004:
13001:
12999:
12996:
12994:
12991:
12989:
12986:
12984:
12981:
12979:
12976:
12974:
12971:
12969:
12966:
12964:
12961:
12959:
12956:
12954:
12953:Port Sandwich
12951:
12949:
12946:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12934:
12931:
12929:
12926:
12924:
12921:
12919:
12916:
12914:
12911:
12909:
12906:
12904:
12901:
12899:
12896:
12894:
12891:
12889:
12886:
12884:
12881:
12879:
12876:
12874:
12871:
12869:
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12829:
12826:
12825:
12823:
12821:
12817:
12811:
12808:
12806:
12803:
12801:
12798:
12796:
12793:
12791:
12788:
12786:
12783:
12782:
12780:
12778:
12774:
12768:
12765:
12763:
12760:
12758:
12755:
12753:
12750:
12748:
12745:
12743:
12740:
12738:
12735:
12733:
12730:
12728:
12725:
12723:
12720:
12718:
12715:
12713:
12710:
12709:
12707:
12705:
12699:
12696:
12688:
12678:
12675:
12673:
12670:
12668:
12665:
12663:
12660:
12658:
12655:
12653:
12650:
12648:
12645:
12643:
12640:
12638:
12635:
12633:
12630:
12628:
12625:
12623:
12620:
12616:
12613:
12612:
12611:
12608:
12606:
12603:
12600:
12597:
12595:
12592:
12591:
12589:
12587:
12583:
12576:
12573:
12571:
12568:
12566:
12563:
12561:
12558:
12557:
12555:
12551:
12545:
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12517:
12516:
12514:
12508:
12502:
12499:
12496:
12493:
12491:
12488:
12486:
12483:
12481:
12478:
12476:
12473:
12471:
12468:
12466:
12463:
12461:
12458:
12456:
12453:
12451:
12448:
12446:
12443:
12441:
12438:
12436:
12433:
12431:
12428:
12426:
12423:
12421:
12418:
12417:
12415:
12413:
12409:
12406:
12404:
12398:
12395:
12393:
12387:
12373:
12370:
12368:
12365:
12364:
12362:
12358:
12352:
12349:
12347:
12344:
12342:
12339:
12337:
12334:
12333:
12331:
12327:
12321:
12318:
12316:
12313:
12311:
12308:
12306:
12303:
12301:
12298:
12296:
12293:
12291:
12288:
12286:
12283:
12281:
12278:
12276:
12273:
12271:
12268:
12266:
12263:
12261:
12258:
12256:
12253:
12251:
12248:
12246:
12243:
12241:
12238:
12236:
12233:
12231:
12228:
12226:
12223:
12221:
12218:
12216:
12213:
12211:
12208:
12206:
12203:
12201:
12198:
12196:
12193:
12191:
12188:
12186:
12183:
12181:
12178:
12176:
12173:
12171:
12168:
12166:
12163:
12161:
12158:
12156:
12153:
12151:
12148:
12146:
12143:
12141:
12138:
12136:
12133:
12131:
12128:
12126:
12123:
12122:
12120:
12116:
12113:
12111:
12107:
12097:
12094:
12092:
12089:
12087:
12084:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12069:
12067:
12064:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12052:
12049:
12047:
12044:
12042:
12039:
12037:
12034:
12032:
12029:
12027:
12024:
12022:
12019:
12017:
12016:Lesing-Gelimi
12014:
12012:
12009:
12007:
12004:
12002:
11999:
11997:
11994:
11992:
11989:
11987:
11984:
11982:
11979:
11977:
11974:
11971:
11968:
11966:
11963:
11961:
11958:
11956:
11953:
11951:
11948:
11946:
11943:
11941:
11938:
11936:
11933:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11913:
11911:
11908:
11906:
11903:
11901:
11898:
11896:
11893:
11891:
11888:
11886:
11883:
11881:
11878:
11877:
11875:
11873:
11869:
11863:
11860:
11858:
11855:
11853:
11850:
11848:
11845:
11843:
11840:
11838:
11835:
11833:
11830:
11828:
11825:
11823:
11820:
11818:
11815:
11813:
11810:
11808:
11805:
11803:
11800:
11798:
11795:
11793:
11790:
11788:
11785:
11783:
11780:
11778:
11775:
11773:
11770:
11768:
11765:
11763:
11760:
11758:
11755:
11753:
11750:
11747:
11744:
11742:
11739:
11737:
11734:
11732:
11729:
11728:
11726:
11724:
11720:
11714:
11711:
11709:
11706:
11704:
11701:
11699:
11696:
11694:
11691:
11689:
11686:
11684:
11681:
11679:
11676:
11674:
11671:
11669:
11666:
11664:
11661:
11659:
11656:
11654:
11651:
11649:
11646:
11644:
11641:
11640:
11638:
11636:
11632:
11626:
11623:
11621:
11618:
11616:
11613:
11611:
11608:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11588:
11586:
11583:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11562:
11560:
11557:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11540:
11526:
11523:
11522:
11519:
11513:
11510:
11508:
11505:
11503:
11500:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11487:
11484:
11482:
11479:
11477:
11474:
11472:
11469:
11467:
11464:
11462:
11459:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11449:
11447:
11444:
11442:
11439:
11437:
11434:
11432:
11429:
11427:
11424:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11407:
11404:
11402:
11399:
11396:
11393:
11391:
11388:
11386:
11383:
11380:
11377:
11375:
11372:
11370:
11367:
11365:
11362:
11360:
11357:
11355:
11352:
11350:
11347:
11345:
11342:
11340:
11337:
11335:
11332:
11330:
11327:
11326:
11324:
11322:
11316:
11310:
11307:
11305:
11302:
11300:
11297:
11295:
11292:
11290:
11287:
11285:
11282:
11280:
11277:
11275:
11272:
11270:
11267:
11265:
11262:
11260:
11257:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11244:
11241:
11240:
11238:
11234:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11220:
11218:
11215:
11214:
11212:
11208:
11202:
11199:
11197:
11194:
11192:
11189:
11188:
11186:
11182:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11161:
11158:
11156:
11153:
11151:
11148:
11147:
11145:
11141:
11138:
11130:
11124:
11121:
11119:
11116:
11115:
11113:
11109:
11103:
11100:
11098:
11095:
11093:
11090:
11088:
11085:
11084:
11082:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11056:
11046:
11043:
11041:
11038:
11036:
11033:
11031:
11028:
11026:
11023:
11021:
11018:
11016:
11013:
11011:
11008:
11006:
11003:
11001:
10998:
10996:
10993:
10991:
10988:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10965:
10962:
10960:
10957:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10946:
10944:
10942:San Cristobal
10938:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10898:
10896:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10881:
10868:
10865:
10864:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10855:
10853:
10850:
10849:
10847:
10845:
10841:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10821:
10819:
10815:
10809:
10806:
10804:
10801:
10799:
10796:
10795:
10793:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10780:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10766:
10765:
10763:
10761:
10757:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10731:
10728:
10725:
10722:
10721:
10719:
10715:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10674:
10672:
10668:
10661:
10658:
10657:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10636:
10622:
10619:
10617:
10614:
10612:
10609:
10608:
10606:
10602:
10596:
10593:
10591:
10588:
10586:
10583:
10581:
10578:
10576:
10573:
10571:
10568:
10566:
10563:
10561:
10558:
10556:
10553:
10551:
10548:
10546:
10543:
10542:
10540:
10538:
10534:
10528:
10525:
10523:
10520:
10518:
10515:
10513:
10510:
10509:
10507:
10505:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10492:
10482:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10464:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10448:
10446:
10444:
10440:
10434:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10424:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10410:
10409:
10407:
10403:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10388:
10386:
10382:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10367:
10365:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10355:Halmahera Sea
10352:
10345:
10342:
10339:
10336:
10334:
10331:
10329:
10326:
10323:
10320:
10319:
10316:
10313:
10311:
10307:
10303:
10299:
10294:
10290:
10264:
10261:
10259:
10256:
10254:
10251:
10249:
10246:
10244:
10241:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10182:
10179:
10177:
10174:
10173:
10171:
10168:
10164:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10148:
10145:
10143:
10140:
10138:
10135:
10132:
10129:
10128:
10125:
10122:
10120:
10116:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10094:
10091:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10079:
10076:
10074:
10071:
10069:
10066:
10064:
10061:
10060:
10057:
10054:
10050:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10028:
10025:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10003:
10001:
9997:
9991:
9988:
9987:
9984:
9981:
9978:
9974:
9968:
9965:
9964:
9962:
9960:Kowiai ?
9958:
9947:
9944:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9927:
9925:
9921:
9915:
9912:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9900:
9897:
9895:
9892:
9890:
9887:
9885:
9882:
9880:
9877:
9875:
9872:
9870:
9867:
9866:
9864:
9862:
9858:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9837:
9834:
9832:
9829:
9827:
9824:
9822:
9819:
9817:
9814:
9812:
9809:
9808:
9806:
9804:
9800:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9785:
9783:
9780:
9778:
9775:
9773:
9770:
9769:
9767:
9763:
9756:
9753:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9731:
9729:
9727:
9723:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9707:
9704:
9703:
9701:
9697:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9681:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9672:
9670:
9666:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9646:
9643:
9640:
9637:
9633:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9599:
9597:
9594:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9584:
9582:
9579:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9568:
9566:
9564:
9560:
9554:
9551:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9539:
9536:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9526:
9525:
9523:
9520:
9516:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9502:
9501:
9499:
9497:
9493:
9483:
9480:
9478:
9475:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9458:
9457:South Lembata
9455:
9453:
9450:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9433:
9430:
9429:
9427:
9423:
9417:
9414:
9412:
9409:
9408:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9396:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9373:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9338:
9336:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9323:
9321:
9318:
9317:
9315:
9311:
9299:
9296:
9295:
9294:
9291:
9289:
9286:
9284:
9281:
9279:
9276:
9274:
9271:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9250:
9248:
9246:
9242:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9227:
9225:
9223:
9219:
9216:
9214:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9201:
9195:
9192:
9191:
9189:
9185:
9181:
9177:
9172:
9168:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9139:
9129:
9126:
9125:
9122:
9112:
9109:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9094:
9091:
9090:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9080:
9078:
9074:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9038:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9013:
9011:
9009:Massenrempulu
9007:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8992:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8980:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8956:
8954:
8952:
8948:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8926:Budong-Budong
8924:
8923:
8921:
8919:
8915:
8912:
8910:Seko–Badaic *
8908:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8891:Coastal Konjo
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8878:
8876:
8874:
8870:
8864:
8861:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8845:
8843:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8830:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8787:
8786:
8784:
8782:
8778:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8724:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8712:
8709:
8707:Kaili–Wolio *
8705:
8698:
8695:
8693:
8690:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8678:
8675:
8673:
8670:
8668:
8665:
8663:
8660:
8657:
8654:
8652:
8649:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8639:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8605:
8604:
8602:
8600:
8596:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8541:
8539:
8537:
8533:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8463:
8461:
8459:
8458:Bungku–Tolaki
8455:
8452:
8450:
8446:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8426:
8424:
8422:
8416:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8395:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8371:
8368:
8367:
8366:
8363:
8362:
8360:
8356:
8350:
8347:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8335:
8333:
8329:
8318:
8315:
8314:
8311:
8301:
8298:
8296:
8293:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8267:
8265:
8263:
8259:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8227:
8224:
8223:
8220:
8217:
8215:
8209:
8206:
8202:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8174:
8168:
8165:
8164:
8162:
8160:Rejang ?
8158:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8134:
8133:Old Sundanese
8131:
8130:
8129:
8126:
8125:
8123:
8119:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8089:Sarawak Malay
8087:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8065:
8062:
8060:
8059:Orang Seletar
8057:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8047:
8045:
8042:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7923:
7922:
7919:
7918:
7915:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7884:
7882:
7880:
7876:
7873:
7869:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7832:Cham dialects
7830:
7828:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7820:
7816:
7813:
7809:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7739:
7737:
7735:
7731:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7676:
7674:
7672:
7668:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7576:
7574:
7572:
7568:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7467:North Sarawak
7464:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7391:
7389:
7387:
7383:
7377:
7374:
7371:
7368:
7367:
7364:
7361:
7355:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7318:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7279:Central Dusun
7277:
7276:
7275:Kadazandusun
7274:
7273:
7271:
7269:
7265:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7253:Brunei Bisaya
7251:
7250:
7248:
7244:
7241:
7235:
7232:
7229:
7225:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7195:
7192:
7188:
7185:
7182:
7176:
7167:
7162:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7118:
7116:
7114:
7110:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7011:
7008:
7004:
6990:
6987:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6978:Inagta Alabat
6976:
6975:
6973:
6971:Manide–Alabat
6969:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6939:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6909:
6907:
6905:
6901:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6868:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6844:
6840:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6821:
6817:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6759:
6755:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6677:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6653:
6649:
6643:
6640:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6631:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6599:
6597:
6593:
6582:
6579:
6578:
6576:
6572:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6535:
6533:
6529:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6435:
6434:Old Cebuano †
6431:
6428:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6383:
6381:
6379:
6375:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6343:Central Bikol
6341:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6327:
6318:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6251:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6236:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6208:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6151:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6126:Central Luzon
6123:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6076:
6072:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6023:
6019:
6013:
6012:Southern Alta
6010:
6008:
6007:Northern Alta
6005:
6004:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5992:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5906:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5875:
5872:
5867:
5863:
5859:
5855:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5833:
5829:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5784:
5781:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5766:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5697:
5696:Papora-Hoanya
5694:
5691:
5688:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5651:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5619:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5591:
5585:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5573:
5569:
5565:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5545:
5540:
5538:
5533:
5531:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5516:
5512:
5511:
5506:
5492:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5477:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5456:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5261:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5185:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5159:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5092:
5089:
5081:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5014:
5009:
5007:
5002:
5000:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4578:
4572:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4531:Lingua franca
4529:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4502:
4497:
4495:
4490:
4488:
4483:
4482:
4479:
4473:
4470:
4466:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4433:
4426:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4403:
4398:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4372:collections (
4371:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4293:
4288:
4285:
4280:
4277:
4272:
4269:
4264:
4261:
4256:
4253:
4248:
4239:
4236:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4193:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4165:
4160:
4157:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4138:
4133:
4124:
4121:
4114:
4111:
4107:
4104:
4099:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4070:
4056:
4051:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4030:
4025:
4016:
4011:
4008:
4003:
4000:
3995:
3992:
3987:
3984:
3979:
3976:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3954:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3930:
3925:
3922:
3917:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3867:
3862:
3859:
3854:
3851:
3846:
3843:
3837:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3731:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3572:
3567:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3499:
3494:
3485:
3482:
3475:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3404:
3399:
3396:
3389:
3386:
3379:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3357:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3330:
3327:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3302:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3279:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3241:
3236:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3183:
3178:
3175:
3170:
3167:
3160:'while, when'
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3122:
3119:
3113:
3105:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2977:
2975:
2970:
2959:
2954:Subordination
2950:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2916:
2911:
2908:
2903:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2882:
2877:
2874:
2869:
2866:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2721:
2718:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2659:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2560:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2515:
2512:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2476:
2471:
2468:
2462:
2456:
2450:
2443:
2442:'their house'
2440:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2425:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2398:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2372:
2367:
2364:
2359:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2276:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2249:
2243:
2231:
2230:vinagila-gila
2224:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2186:- 'a journey'
2184:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2170:is prefixed:
2156:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2130:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2110:
2105:– 'my mother'
2103:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1989:nothing/none
1988:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1972:votiki zinama
1969:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1863:
1860:
1859:na sa ri kara
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1727:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1616:POSS:2PL food
1614:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1593:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1463:
1458:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1333:
1330:
1329:POSS:2SG home
1327:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
994:
992:
991:
987:
984:
980:
977:
973:
970:
966:
963:
962:
958:
955:
951:
948:
944:
941:
937:
935:
934:
930:
927:
923:
920:
916:
913:
909:
906:
905:
901:
898:
894:
891:
887:
884:
880:
878:
877:
873:
870:
866:
863:
859:
856:
852:
850:
849:
845:
842:
838:
835:
831:
828:
824:
821:
820:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
803:
795:
793:
775:/βetu/+/lotu/
773:
772:
771:
768:
755:
754:
753:
744:
743:
742:
727:/ˈβari-ˈpera/
725:
724:
723:
710:
709:
708:
689:
688:
686:
674:
673:
671:
659:
658:
656:
655:
654:
646:
642:
615:
612:
604:
595:
592:
581:
580:
576:
573:
570:
569:
565:
562:
559:
558:
554:
551:
549:
548:
540:
534:
524:
515:
511:
504:
502:
496:
492:
490:
488:
484:
481:
479:
473:
469:
467:
465:
461:
454:
450:
448:
442:
438:
436:
431:
430:
427:
421:
417:
411:
407:
401:
397:
392:
390:
386:
383:
377:
373:
367:
363:
357:
353:
348:
347:
344:
338:
334:
328:
324:
318:
314:
309:
307:
303:
300:
294:
290:
284:
280:
274:
270:
268:
264:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
240:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
178:
172:
168:
164:
162:
161:
156:
152:
148:
145:
140:
135:
117:
114:
113:
111:
110:
109:
106:
105:
103:
102:
101:
98:
97:
96:
93:
92:
91:
88:
87:
86:
82:
78:
72:
68:
63:
57:
54:
50:
46:
43:
40:
36:
31:
19:
13921:† indicates
13686:Niuatoputapu
12510:Maewo–Ambae–
12412:Torres–Banks
12360:Nimoa–Sudest
11872:Ngero–Vitiaz
11832:Mangga Buang
11643:Arop-Sissano
11445:
11143:Tungag–Nalik
11132:New Ireland–
10768:Mussau-Emira
10495:Cenderawasih
10232:Seit-Kaitetu
9519:Kei–Tanimbar
9204:Sumba–Flores
8715:Kaili–Pamona
8064:Pahang Malay
7963:Bangka Malay
7871:Iban–Malayan
7757:Bukar–Sadong
7496:Wahau Kenyah
7334:Kinabatangan
7246:Bisaya–Lotud
7181:North Borneo
6363:Pandan Bikol
5955:Cagayan Agta
5926:Dicamay Agta
5508:
5489:† indicates
5398:
5094:Tungag–Nalik
5083:New Ireland–
4659:
4464:pp1035–1042.
4431:
4425:
4412:
4384:collection (
4350:
4347:
4344:
4340:
4330:
4322:
4312:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4278:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4246:
4243:Conditionals
4230:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4210:
4199:
4184:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4150:
4139:
4131:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4097:
4087:
4076:
4057:
4049:
4039:
4031:
4017:
4009:
4001:
3993:
3985:
3971:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3949:
3939:
3931:
3923:
3915:
3905:
3897:
3889:
3879:
3868:
3860:
3852:
3832:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3813:
3803:
3784:
3774:
3766:
3756:
3748:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3712:
3697:
3687:
3679:
3669:
3661:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3628:
3609:
3599:
3591:
3581:
3573:
3565:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3536:
3526:
3518:
3508:
3500:
3492:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3441:
3431:
3423:
3413:
3405:
3391:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3363:
3355:
3345:
3336:
3322:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3277:
3267:
3257:
3242:
3234:
3224:
3216:
3202:
3192:
3184:
3176:
3168:
3128:
3107:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3057:
3042:
3032:
3022:
3007:
2997:
2983:
2965:
2957:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2935:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2901:
2891:
2883:
2875:
2867:
2803:
2800:Coordination
2772:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2748:
2738:
2727:
2719:
2711:'how?, why?'
2669:
2654:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2625:
2611:
2599:
2596:
2594:La (si goi).
2593:
2587:
2577:
2569:
2558:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2505:
2495:
2485:
2477:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2417:
2407:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2347:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2287:na nana buka
2286:
2282:
2268:
2258:
2244:
2241:
2209:
2189:
2161:
2135:
2115:
2095:
2054:hire/si hire
2035:hoi/sana/asa
1799:esei ri kara
1752:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1728:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1594:
1574:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1464:
1456:
1446:
1438:
1430:
1332:'their home'
1331:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1307:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1274:
1262:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1128:
1116:
789:
779:/ˈβetuˈlotu/
769:
762:
751:
746:/ˈseke-ˈi-a/
736:
721:
702:
695:/ˈsiˈɡareti/
652:
643:
621:
613:
610:
607:Phonotactics
596:
593:
590:
535:
525:
513:
512:
509:
203:
202:
174:
158:
115:
85:Austronesian
13653:Ontong Java
13511:Pingelapese
13438:Mortlockese
13393:Marshallese
13372:Micronesian
13349:Micronesian
13085:North Tanna
13058:Utaha / Ifo
12712:North Efate
12632:Merei-Tiale
11837:Mapos Buang
10384:Maya–Matbat
10202:Sepa-Teluti
9879:North Babar
9831:Dela-Oenale
9553:Uruangnirin
8941:Seko Tengah
8936:Seko Padang
8881:Makassarese
8853:Campalagian
8589:Tukang Besi
8345:Lampung Api
8342:Lampung Nyo
8104:Urak Lawoiʼ
8084:Reman Malay
8074:Perak Malay
8054:Orang Kanaq
8009:Kutai Malay
7998:Kedah Malay
7988:Jambi Malay
7958:Berau Malay
7938:Minangkabau
7819:Aceh–Chamic
7644:Punan Merap
7339:Abai Sungai
6665:Maguindanao
6624:Taawʼt Bato
6497:Romblomanon
6348:Isarog Agta
6338:Albay Bikol
6309:Old Tagalog
6298:Kasiguranin
6145:(Remontado)
6143:Hatang Kayi
6138:Kapampangan
5503:‹ The
5254:Warwar Feni
4557:Micronesian
4382:Don Laycock
2851:'purposive'
2436:sa dia vetu
2325:'the canoe'
2226:- 'to show'
2179:- 'to walk'
2125:– 'my book'
1912:isa si keke
1693:3rd person
1674:2nd person
1636:1st person
1619:'your food'
1613:gemi ginani
1555:3rd person
1536:2nd person
1498:1st person
1411:3rd person
1392:2nd person
1354:1st person
1243:3rd person
1224:2nd person
1186:1st person
1164:'my father'
1097:3rd person
1078:2nd person
1040:1st person
964:3rd person
907:2nd person
822:1st person
763:The suffix
697:'cigarette'
594:V → Ṽ / _N
519:() / V_V →
514:allophones:
216:New Georgia
189:instead of
108:New Georgia
67:L2 speakers
13939:Categories
13837:West Uvean
13822:Rennellese
13621:Polynesian
13610:Polynesian
13458:Satawalese
13453:Puluwatese
13422:Carolinian
13383:Gilbertese
13121:Loyalties–
12893:Maskelynes
12848:Big Nambas
12539:Sun̄wadaga
12135:Bwanabwana
12110:Papuan Tip
12046:Arop-Lukep
11658:Ulau-Suain
11545:New Guinea
11344:Cheke Holo
11299:Sursurunga
11274:Lungalunga
11236:St. George
11072:Melanesian
10984:Marau Wawa
10682:Baluan-Pam
10585:Serui-Laut
10363:Ambel–Biga
9930:East Damar
9869:West Damar
9447:Lewo Eleng
9263:Anakalangu
9213:Sumba–Hawu
8804:Ledo Kaili
8781:Wotu–Wolio
8559:Kaimbulawa
8536:Muna–Buton
8491:Mori Bawah
8419:Bali–Sasak
8386:Tenggerese
8376:Banyumasan
8300:Mandailing
8290:Simalungun
8204:Sumatran *
8149:Cirebonese
8034:Orang Laut
7931:Indonesian
7734:Land Dayak
7719:Krio Dayak
7614:Punan Batu
7491:Umaʼ Lasan
7113:Sama–Bajaw
6983:Katabangan
6932:Tontemboan
6728:Matigsalug
6693:Ata Manobo
6512:Surigaonon
6447:Hiligaynon
6396:Bantayanon
6317:Batangueño
6241:Philippine
6192:Mariveleño
6108:Pangasinan
5866:Philippine
5607:Kanakanavu
5424:Cheke Holo
5244:Sursurunga
5219:Lungalunga
5187:St. George
4756:Rennellese
4738:Polynesian
4718:Lavukaleve
4595:Cheke Holo
4565:Gilbertese
4547:Indigenous
4468:pp137–154.
4443:References
4414:Ethnologue
3924:wash.hands
3305:Ergativity
3040:tangin-i-a
2933:ta-gilana.
2821:'so, thus'
2661:'yes' and
2597:go ABS 2SG
2233:- 'a sign'
2219:-'to know'
1936:kaiqa pule
1840:what (pl)
1161:father-1SG
874:we (incl)
716:/ˈɣiˈnani/
618:Diphthongs
523:'bathing'
235:Consonants
13859:Niuafoʻou
13817:Pukapukan
13812:Mele-Fila
13776:Tuamotuan
13746:Marquesan
13728:Mangareva
13697:Tokelauan
13600:Lomaiviti
13516:Pohnpeian
13506:Ngatikese
13443:Namonuito
13035:Erromango
12963:Sörsörian
12888:Malua Bay
12873:Lendamboi
12863:Bwenelang
12762:Port Vato
12752:Lonwolwol
12747:Dalkalaen
12647:Shark Bay
12544:Sun̄wadia
12310:Yakaikeke
12260:Gapapaiwa
12125:ʼAuhelawa
12056:Malasanga
11955:Mouk-Aria
11910:Awad Bing
11900:Malalamai
11777:Maralango
11752:Aribwaung
11746:Aribwatsa
11723:Huon Gulf
11575:Kayupulau
11354:Ghanongga
11339:Blablanga
11321:Solomonic
11319:Northwest
11289:Ramoaaina
11279:Niwer Mil
11253:Guramalum
11248:Fanamaket
11155:Laxudumau
11136:Solomonic
11134:Northwest
11111:Bali-Vitu
11080:Willaumez
11025:Gulaʼalaa
10990:Toʼabaita
10986: ? †
10886:Solomonic
10884:Southeast
10808:Tanimbili
10648:Admiralty
10604:Southwest
10338:Warembori
10253:Nusa Laut
10157:Yalahatan
9803:Rote–Meto
9726:Kawaimina
9509:Seluwasan
9432:Lamaholot
9425:Lamaholot
9325:Manggarai
9083:Kalumpang
9067:Ulumandaʼ
9031:Malimpung
8651:Balaesang
8564:Kumbewaha
8496:Mori Atas
8466:Bahonsuai
8331:Lampungic
8144:Bantenese
8128:Sundanese
8121:Sundanese
7926:Malaysian
7908:Seberuang
7787:Semandang
7594:Daro-Matu
7439:Kalabakan
7414:Sembakung
7359:Murutic *
7329:Tombonuwo
7239:Dusunic *
6922:Tonsawang
6904:Minahasan
6889:Sangirese
6828:Agutaynen
6801:Ponosakan
6796:Mongondow
6786:Kaidipang
6781:Gorontalo
6738:Sarangani
6718:Kagayanen
6596:Palawanic
6540:Davawenyo
6487:Porohanon
6472:Masbateño
6462:Karolanos
6411:Caluyanon
6368:Rinconada
6286:Tagalogic
6172:Mag-antsi
6098:Kalanguya
6060:Kankanaey
5719:Kavalanic
5690:Favorlang
5653:Northwest
5419:Blablanga
5369:Ghanongga
5266:Solomonic
5264:Northwest
5234:Ramoaaina
5224:Niwer Mil
5199:Fanamaket
5106:Laxudumau
5087:Solomonic
5085:Northwest
5062:Bali-Vitu
5031:Willaumez
4969:Tanimbili
4911:To’abaita
4851:Gula'alaa
4783:Solomonic
4781:Southeast
4610:Ghanongga
4590:Blablanga
4577:Solomonic
4575:Northwest
4549:languages
4393:Footnotes
4362:Paradisec
4032:⟨NOM⟩know
4015:⟨in⟩avoso
3217:⟨NOM⟩know
3214:⟨in⟩avoso
3115:'maybe',
3005:hiva-ni-a
2779:na vea ke
2363:habahuala
2158:- 'chair'
2129:nana vetu
1984:loke toŋa
1953:some/few
1792:who (pl)
1661:inclusive
1640:exclusive
1628:singular
1523:inclusive
1502:exclusive
1490:singular
1404:tani/tamu
1379:inclusive
1371:tani/tami
1358:exclusive
1346:singular
1326:mia popoa
1293:nana hore
1211:inclusive
1190:exclusive
1178:singular
1065:inclusive
1044:exclusive
1032:singular
959:you (pl)
931:you (sg)
902:we(excl)
811:Ergative
808:Absolute
729:'fight',
693:'blood',
691:/ˈeˈhara/
533:'strong'
433:voiceless
389:Fricative
350:voiceless
160:Glottolog
144:ISO 639-3
13771:Tahitian
13766:Rapa Nui
13723:Hawaiian
13668:Tuvaluan
13658:Sikaiana
13643:Nukumanu
13590:Gone Dau
13501:Mokilese
13493:Pohnpeic
13483:Woleaian
13478:Ulithian
13463:Sonsorol
13427:Chuukese
13405:Pohnpeic
13403:Chuukic–
13388:Kosraean
13317:Waamwang
13267:Hmwaveke
13230:Northern
13215:Xârâgurè
13185:Ndrumbea
13163:Southern
13108:Aneityum
12933:Neverver
12903:Nasarian
12883:Malfaxal
12878:Litzlitz
12838:Aveteian
12820:Malakula
12702:Central
12692:Southern
12667:Tolomako
12662:Tasiriki
12390:Southern
12341:Kilivila
12320:Gumawana
12295:Minaveha
12270:Kaninuwa
12230:Sewa Bay
12200:Boselewa
12190:Maiadomu
12185:Koluwawa
12175:Iamalele
12165:Bwaidoka
12160:Wagawaga
12061:Mur Pano
12021:Mangseng
11981:Sengseng
11797:Silisili
11635:Schouten
11585:Masimasi
11556:Jayapura
11426:Papapana
11411:Mono-Alu
11379:Kazukuru
11329:Babatana
11284:Patpatar
11264:Konomala
11097:Meramera
11040:ꞋAreꞌare
11015:Kwaraʼae
11005:Fataleka
10995:Baelelea
10940:Malaita–
10817:Vanikoro
10616:Yerisiam
10237:Kamarian
10192:Wakasihu
10167:Piru Bay
10147:Manusela
10119:Nunusaku
10088:Masiwang
10078:Watubela
10021:Hukumina
9990:Teor-Kur
9904:Emplawas
9846:Uab Meto
9680:Tukudede
9621:Tarangan
9611:Manombai
9467:Lewotobi
9462:Lamalera
9442:Lamatuka
9370:Nagé-Kéo
9350:Wae Rana
9278:Baliledo
9268:Wanukaka
9148:Chamorro
9141:Isolates
9128:Lemolang
9105:Talondoʼ
9021:Enrekang
8983:Northern
8931:Panasuan
8873:Makassar
8848:Buginese
8662:Dampelas
8627:Bobongko
8612:Balantak
8569:Lasalimu
8544:Bonerate
8516:Tomadino
8506:Rahambuu
8486:Moronene
8481:Kulisusu
8429:Balinese
8421:–Sumbawa
8404:Madurese
8397:Madurese
8365:Javanese
8358:Javanese
8349:Komering
8252:Simeulue
8237:Mentawai
8177:Moklenic
7968:Bengkulu
7892:Keninjal
7827:Acehnese
7797:Benyaduʼ
7782:Kembayan
7777:Jangkang
7767:Tringgus
7699:Hovongan
7517:Lundayeh
7409:Selungai
7404:Keningau
7344:Serudung
7321:Paitanic
7098:Ampanang
7088:Bakumpai
7068:Lawangan
7058:Maʼanyan
7053:Balangan
7026:Malagasy
6871:Sangiric
6820:Kalamian
6766:Bintauna
6743:Tagabawa
6708:Higaonon
6619:Palawano
6532:Mansakan
6492:Ratagnon
6452:Kabalian
6427:Boholano
6416:Capiznon
6406:Butuanon
6293:Filipino
6229:Tadyawan
6187:Mag-indi
6154:Sambalic
6083:Bugkalot
6030:Balangao
5873:) ?
5769:Siraiyac
5759:Sakizaya
5662:Saisiyat
5655:Formosan
5631:Atayalic
5622:Northern
5505:template
5349:Babatana
5334:Mono-Alu
5294:Papapana
5229:Patpatar
5209:Konomala
5048:Meramera
4866:Kwara'ae
4836:Fataleka
4806:Baelelea
4791:'Are'are
4761:Sikaiana
4751:Luangiua
4723:Savosavo
4620:Kazukuru
4585:Babatana
4279:come.out
4182:tutuvi-a
4047:buna-i-a
3782:tupa-i-a
3607:tupa-i-a
3240:buna-i-a
2881:kamahire
2679:'where?'
2609:Va-mae-a
2199:- 'sing'
2122:qua buka
2009:English
1960:loke tie
1917:another
1905:any man
1888:keke tie
1881:English
1823:sa/na sa
1768:English
1747:equ puta
1139:hand-3SG
988:s/he/it
817:English
798:Pronouns
678:'talk',
600:/ _V →
529:/ _V →
521:/huhuβe/
250:Alveolar
212:Vonavona
195:Help:IPA
167:rovi1238
13861: ?
13827:Tikopia
13785:Futunic
13751:Penrhyn
13738:Moriori
13713:Austral
13706:Eastern
13648:Nukuoro
13638:Nuguria
13619:Nuclear
13560:Rotuman
13540:Pacific
13538:Central
13468:Tanapag
13448:Pááfang
13414:Chuukic
13370:Nuclear
13361:Nauruan
13302:Pwaamèi
13287:Nyâlayu
13210:Xârâcùù
13147:Nengone
12928:Neveʻei
12918:Navwien
12908:Nasvang
12898:Nahavaq
12868:Larëvat
12858:Burmbar
12853:Botovro
12790:Bierebo
12757:Paamese
12742:Daakaka
12722:Efatese
12704:Vanuatu
12694:Oceanic
12690:Nuclear
12652:Tamambo
12519:Baetora
12475:Mwotlap
12465:Mwerlap
12450:Lo-Toga
12445:Lemerig
12403:Vanuatu
12392:Oceanic
12336:Budibud
12300:Taupota
12290:Maiwala
12285:Haigwai
12265:Ghayavi
12240:Kakabai
12225:Mwatebu
12155:Unubahe
12140:Oyaʼoya
12118:Nuclear
11970:Kaulong
11950:Lamogai
11935:Mindiri
11930:Matukar
11920:Gedaged
11915:Bilibil
11862:Numbami
11703:Medebur
11678:Kairiru
11668:Yakamul
11653:Sissano
11600:Kaptiau
11558: ?
11497:Vangunu
11471:Tinputz
11446:Roviana
11390:Kusaghe
11334:Bannoni
11102:Nakanai
11061:Oceanic
11059:Western
10926:Malango
10803:Asumboa
10717:Western
10708:Penchal
10670:Eastern
10662: ?
10639:Oceanic
10570:Munggui
10522:Meoswar
10346: ?
10340: ?
10333:Waropen
10258:Saparua
10212:Kaibobo
10207:Paulohi
10176:Asilulu
10169: ?
10099:Benggoi
10043:Taliabo
10038:Mangole
10027:Moksela
10006:Ambelau
9909:Imroing
9851:Amarasi
9836:Termanu
9826:Ringgou
9757: ?
9751: ?
9716:Atauran
9659:Idalaka
9636:Timoric
9576:Batuley
9571:Barakai
9538:Yamdena
9533:Fordata
9521: ?
9477:Ile Ape
9472:Adonara
9437:Alorese
9335:Rembong
9288:Lamboya
9258:Mamboru
9253:Kambera
9153:Palauan
9107: ?
9093:Pattaeʼ
8901:Selayar
8886:Bentong
8858:Embaloh
8799:Laiyolo
8762:Topoiyo
8732:Mbelala
8699: ?
8658: ?
8617:Banggai
8584:Pancana
8574:Liabuku
8554:Cia-Cia
8526:Wawonii
8476:Kodeoha
8449:Celebic
8439:Sumbawa
8409:Kangean
8338:Lampung
8319: ?
8275:Angkola
8228: ?
8226:Enggano
8179: ?
8019:Kerinci
8005: ?
7898:Mualang
7894: ?
7802:Sanggau
7742:Bakatiʼ
7671:Kayanic
7609:Bukitan
7604:Melanau
7589:Sekapan
7584:Lahanan
7579:Kajaman
7557:Bintulu
7532:Berawan
7512:Lengilu
7507:Kelabit
7503: ?
7399:Timugon
7386:Murutic
7372: ?
7357:Greater
7268:Dusunic
7237:Greater
7219: ?
7179:Greater
7121:Abaknon
7103:Tunjung
6917:Tondano
6912:Tombulu
6884:Ratahan
6861:Teduray
6771:Bolango
6723:Kamigin
6713:Ilianen
6698:Binukid
6670:Maranao
6634:Subanen
6565:Mansaka
6560:Mandaya
6555:Mamanwa
6545:Kalagan
6467:Magahat
6457:Karay-a
6442:Cuyonon
6421:Cebuano
6386:Akeanon
6378:Bisayan
6303:Tagalog
6268:Tawbuid
6263:Hanunoo
6219:Alangan
6182:Botolan
6177:Bolinao
6162:Abellen
6055:Kalinga
5965:Gaddang
5960:Gaʼdang
5932:Ilocano
5889:Itbayat
5871:linkage
5783:Taivoan
5737:Luilang
5732:Kavalan
5507:below (
5414:Vangunu
5399:Roviana
5379:Kusaghe
5324:Bannoni
5319:Tinputz
5053:Nakanai
4886:Malango
4821:Bughotu
4766:Tikopia
4680:Vangunu
4660:Roviana
4630:Kusaghe
4522:English
4409:Roviana
4271:go.down
4164:hoirana
3746:Hierana
3695:tupa-na
3659:Hierana
3571:Hierana
3498:Hierana
3439:tupa-na
3403:Hierana
3361:noma-na
3144:'after'
3093:
2876:tourism
2873:tourism
2829:'and' (
2790:'what?'
2725:poza-mu
2703:'what?'
2475:Dogoria
2322:sa hore
2206:-'song'
2151:- 'sit'
2109:mata-na
1965:no one
1835:sa sari
1631:plural
1493:plural
1349:plural
1181:plural
1158:tama-qu
1151:father-
1148:tama-qu
1136:lima-na
1126:lima-na
1035:plural
805:Person
794:(VSO).
786:Grammar
765:/-ɣami/
733:'chair'
714:'eat',
712:/ˈɣani/
680:/ˈtalo/
676:/ˈzama/
602:/leana/
487:Lateral
306:Plosive
260:Glottal
218:in the
208:Roviana
204:Roviana
191:Unicode
116:Roviana
95:Oceanic
33:Roviana
18:Roviana
13870:Tongan
13865:Niuean
13851:Tongic
13692:Samoan
13678:Samoic
13585:Fijian
13473:Tobian
13323:Yuanga
13312:Vamale
13307:Pwapwâ
13262:Haveke
13247:Cèmuhî
13237:Bwatoo
13047:Sorung
13003:Alovas
12948:Nitita
12943:Nisvai
12795:Bieria
12737:Makura
12732:Lelepa
12717:Nafsan
12672:Tutuba
12657:Tangoa
12627:Mav̋ea
12615:Nokuku
12524:Duidui
12490:Veraʼa
12470:Mwesen
12440:Lehali
12372:Sudest
12346:Misima
12305:Tawala
12235:Dawawa
12220:Molima
12215:Galeya
12195:Bunama
12170:Diodio
12145:Saliba
12130:Buhutu
12051:Karnai
12041:Mengen
12036:Mamusi
12026:Solong
12006:Bebeli
11996:Apalik
11991:Akolet
11986:Aiklep
11965:Karore
11880:Bariai
11842:Mumeng
11827:Kumalu
11807:Wampur
11802:Wampar
11762:Dangal
11757:Adzera
11731:Bukawa
11683:Terebu
11663:Tumleo
11615:Tobati
11610:Tarpia
11595:Podena
11570:Bonggo
11554:Sarmi–
11525:Tomoip
11507:Zabana
11502:Varisi
11492:Vaghua
11486:Uruava
11481:Ughele
11451:Saposa
11431:Petats
11406:Marovo
11401:Lungga
11385:Kokota
11304:Tangga
11259:Kandas
11196:Madara
11175:Tungag
11035:Doriʼo
11000:Baeggu
10964:Fagani
10949:Longgu
10931:Talise
10901:Bugotu
10866:Nalögo
10834:Tanema
10829:Lovono
10791:Utupua
10783:Temotu
10741:Wuvulu
10736:Seimat
10693:Lenkau
10687:Hermit
10660:Yapese
10590:Kurudu
10575:Papuma
10560:Wamesa
10517:Dusner
10504:Biakic
10471:Patani
10417:Fiawat
10396:Matbat
10322:Tandia
10248:Amahai
10243:Haruku
10222:Tulehu
10187:Manipa
10152:Wemale
10142:Huaulu
10137:Nuaulu
10131:Kayeli
10016:Lisela
9967:Kowiai
9914:Telaʼa
9894:Serili
9889:Masela
9816:Dengka
9792:Makuva
9772:Romang
9749:Naueti
9744:Midiki
9739:Waimoa
9734:Kairui
9711:Galoli
9690:Bekais
9685:Mambai
9649:Helong
9616:Mariri
9606:Lorang
9504:Selaru
9496:Selaru
9482:Mingar
9452:Levuka
9416:Kedang
9380:Rongga
9375:Ngadha
9355:Paluʼe
9340:Rajong
9320:Komodo
9283:Wejewa
9273:Pondok
9088:Mamasa
9076:Toraja
9062:Pannei
9052:Bambam
9000:Mandar
8995:Mamuju
8951:Badaic
8794:Kamaru
8752:Sarudu
8742:Pamona
8697:Totoli
8692:Tomini
8677:Pendau
8632:Saluan
8511:Tolaki
8471:Bungku
8247:Sikule
8191:Moklen
8167:Rejang
8094:Temuan
7978:Duanoʼ
7953:Banjar
7948:Bamayo
7879:Ibanic
7857:Roglai
7762:Biatah
7704:Aoheng
7689:Modang
7629:Burusu
7552:Tutong
7537:Belait
7522:Saʼban
7429:Paluan
7424:Okolod
7419:Baukan
7370:Tatana
7291:Kuijau
7217:Molbog
7212:Bonggi
7207:Idaʼan
7043:Malang
7014:Barito
6989:Manide
6927:Tonsea
6894:Talaud
6879:Bantik
6806:Suwawa
6688:Agusan
6680:Manobo
6660:Iranun
6550:Kamayo
6517:Tausug
6401:Baybay
6197:Sambal
6167:Ambala
6088:Ibaloi
6065:Tuwali
6045:Isinai
6040:Ifugao
6035:Bontoc
5980:Itawis
5970:Ibanag
5894:Ivatan
5809:Paiwan
5804:Puyuma
5777:Siraya
5684:Babuza
5644:Seediq
5639:Atayal
5612:Saaroa
5594:Tsouic
5576:Rukaic
5462:Tomoip
5444:Zabana
5434:Kokota
5409:Ughele
5389:Marovo
5384:Lungga
5364:Vaghua
5359:Varisi
5344:Uruava
5304:Saposa
5299:Petats
5204:Kandas
5147:Madara
5126:Tungag
4964:Tanema
4959:Natügu
4954:Nanggu
4949:Lovono
4939:Asubuo
4926:Temotu
4906:Talise
4881:Longgu
4831:Fagani
4826:Dori'o
4801:Baeggu
4705:Papuan
4690:Zabana
4685:Varisi
4675:Vaghua
4670:Ughele
4645:Marovo
4640:Lungga
4625:Kokota
4380:) and
4221:Possum
4218:Manue.
4137:En-ene
4103:
4085:vasina
4007:sarina
4002:gather
3999:vagiri
3994:finish
3932:always
3921:pezaku
3898:tropic
3895:tropic
3890:inside
3887:korapa
3836:totoso
3785:punch-
3698:punch-
3610:punch-
3544:taloa.
3442:punch-
3275:vasina
3200:sarina
3185:gather
3157:totoso
3075:vineki
2859:'then'
2826:me(ke)
2782:'why?'
2692:kavisa
2687:'who?'
2667:'no'.
2664:lokari
2615:-come-
2545:Syntax
2522:sarere
2519:sarere
2358:person
2223:vagila
2203:kinera
2148:habotu
2102:tinaqu
1900:ke tie
1893:a man
1852:which
1847:savana
1816:whose
1787:arisei
1606:ginani
1515:gemami
1462:tanisa
997:sarini
846:I, me
814:Focal
718:'food'
682:'taro'
667:'come'
665:/ˈmae/
663:'go',
649:Stress
638:, and
611:(C) V
552:Front
543:Vowels
531:/ŋiɾa/
464:Rhotic
394:voiced
311:voiced
245:Labial
48:Region
13792:Anuta
13733:Māori
13663:Takuu
13595:Lauan
13432:Mapia
13292:Paicî
13277:Kumak
13257:Haeke
13200:Orowe
13195:Numèè
13137:Drehu
13068:Tanna
13008:Najit
12998:Rutan
12993:Vivti
12973:Tirax
12958:Rerep
12938:Ninde
12843:Axamb
12833:Avava
12828:Aulua
12800:Lamen
12642:Sakao
12637:Mores
12605:Araki
12501:Vurës
12495:Volow
12485:Olrat
12455:Löyöp
12435:Lakon
12420:Dorig
12401:North
12367:Nimoa
12351:Muyuw
12315:Anuki
12280:Gweda
12180:Iduna
12086:Mbula
12081:Maleu
12076:Amara
12071:Ronji
11960:Aigon
11940:Takia
11925:Marik
11885:Gitua
11857:Yamap
11852:Vehes
11822:Kapin
11787:Musom
11767:Duwet
11741:Yabem
11713:Wogeo
11698:Manam
11673:Kaiep
11625:Yamna
11620:Wakde
11605:Sobei
11543:North
11512:Zazao
11476:Torau
11461:Solos
11456:Simbo
11441:Ririo
11421:Nehan
11416:Nduke
11395:Laghu
11374:Hoava
11369:Halia
11359:Hahon
11309:Tolai
11269:Label
11243:Bilur
11227:Madak
11217:Barok
11210:Madak
11201:Notsi
11191:Lihir
11184:Tabar
11170:Tigak
11165:Tiang
11160:Nalik
11070:Meso–
11045:Oroha
11030:Kwaio
10974:Kahua
10969:Bauro
10959:Arosi
10921:Ghari
10916:Birao
10911:Lengo
10869:Noipx
10852:Äiwoo
10824:Teanu
10773:Tenis
10703:Nauna
10677:Manus
10555:Marau
10550:Ansus
10545:Ambai
10537:Yapen
10476:Sawai
10412:Maden
10405:Maden
10391:Maʼya
10370:Ambel
10310:SHWNG
10197:Boano
10109:Liana
10104:Salas
10083:Bobot
10073:Geser
10063:Banda
9946:Serua
9861:Babar
9811:Bilba
9787:Luang
9777:Kisar
9755:Habun
9706:Wetar
9675:Kemak
9654:Tetum
9586:Karey
9581:Dobel
9548:Sekar
9345:Kepoʼ
9330:Riung
9298:Gaura
9245:Sumba
9057:Dakka
9026:Maiwa
8964:Behoa
8863:Taman
8841:Bugis
8810:Wolio
8789:Kalao
8757:Sedoa
8747:Rampi
8727:Kaili
8687:Tajio
8672:Lauje
8667:Dondo
8656:Boano
8622:Batui
8607:Andio
8549:Busoa
8501:Padoe
8434:Sasak
8381:Osing
8317:Nasal
8280:Dairi
8262:Batak
8186:Moken
8139:Baduy
8069:Pekal
7993:Jakun
7921:Malay
7903:Remun
7847:Jarai
7842:Haroi
7792:Ribun
7772:Jagoi
7752:Laraʼ
7724:Murik
7714:Punan
7694:Segai
7684:Bahau
7679:Kayan
7660:Lelak
7649:Bukat
7639:Sajau
7547:Narom
7542:Kiput
7527:Tring
7501:Penan
7486:Tutoh
7481:Sebob
7434:Ganaʼ
7394:Tagol
7376:Papar
7258:Lotud
7166:Basap
7151:Yakan
7131:Mapun
7126:Bajaw
7093:Ngaju
7083:Siang
7078:Dohoi
7073:Kohin
7038:Deyah
7031:Bushi
6957:Klata
6856:Tboli
6851:Blaan
6843:Bilic
6791:Lolak
6652:Danao
6609:Batak
6522:Waray
6507:Sulod
6482:Onhan
6330:Bikol
6258:Buhid
6224:Iraya
6103:Karao
6093:Iwaak
6050:Itneg
5985:Yogad
5975:Isnag
5814:Bunun
5726:Basay
5673:Kulon
5667:Pazeh
5584:Rukai
5449:Zazao
5439:Laghu
5404:Simbo
5394:Nduke
5374:Hoava
5354:Ririo
5339:Torau
5309:Solos
5289:Nehan
5284:Halia
5274:Hahon
5249:Tolai
5214:Label
5194:Bilur
5178:Madak
5168:Barok
5161:Madak
5152:Notsi
5142:Lihir
5135:Tabar
5121:Tigak
5116:Tiang
5111:Nalik
4974:Teanu
4944:Äiwoo
4891:Oroha
4876:Lengo
4861:Kwaio
4856:Kahua
4846:Ghari
4816:Birao
4811:Bauro
4796:Arosi
4746:Anuta
4713:Bilua
4695:Zazao
4665:Simbo
4655:Ririo
4635:Laghu
4615:Hoava
4538:Pijin
4323:leave
4320:taloa
4252:...ba
4200:they.
4185:meet-
4167:there
4143:-walk
4098:place
4077:they.
4058:bomb-
3850:Totso
3842:totso
3811:Zone.
3764:koreo
3720:Zone.
3677:koreo
3636:Zone.
3589:koreo
3547:leave
3464:Zone.
3421:koreo
3278:place
3243:bomb-
3177:after
3043:hold-
3008:like-
2939:-know
2902:go.up
2868:maybe
2813:'but'
2787:na sa
2746:agoi?
2728:name-
2636:knife
2633:magu.
2600:'Go!'
2585:goi).
2527:lahe.
2432:house
2349:INDEF
2260:INDEF
2183:inene
2092:Nouns
2073:hiroi
1828:what
1811:tesei
1743:sleep
1653:emami
1319:popoa
1289:canoe
1129:hand-
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1011:arini
661:/ˈla/
560:High
555:Back
267:Nasal
255:Velar
224:Pijin
13797:Emae
13761:Rapa
13574:East
13548:West
13297:Pije
13282:Nemi
13272:Jawe
13252:Fwâi
13242:Caac
13220:Zire
13205:Tîrî
13190:Neku
13180:Arhö
13175:Arhâ
13170:Ajië
13142:Iaai
13013:Njav
12978:Unua
12968:Tape
12923:Nese
12913:Nāti
12810:Maii
12805:Lewo
12785:Baki
12727:Eton
12677:Wusi
12622:Kiai
12599:Aore
12594:Akei
12575:Sowa
12560:Apma
12534:Raga
12480:Nume
12460:Mota
12430:Koro
12275:Ubir
12255:Doga
12210:Duau
12205:Dobu
12150:Suau
12096:Tami
12066:Mato
12031:Lote
12011:Gimi
12001:Avau
11905:Mutu
11895:Lusi
11890:Kove
11817:Iwal
11812:Hote
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11772:Labu
11736:Kela
11708:Sepa
11688:Biem
11648:Sera
11590:Ormu
11580:Liki
11565:Anus
11466:Teop
11436:Piva
11364:Hakö
11294:Siar
11150:Kara
11123:Vitu
11118:Bali
11092:Bulu
11087:Bola
11020:Wala
10954:Saʼa
10906:Gela
10798:Amba
10621:Umar
10611:Yaur
10595:Wabo
10565:Wooi
10527:Roon
10512:Biak
10481:Gebe
10466:Maba
10461:Buli
10456:Taba
10451:Gane
10375:Biga
10344:Yoke
10263:Latu
10227:Laha
10217:Hitu
10181:Luhu
10093:Hoti
10068:Bati
10052:East
10033:Sula
10011:Buru
9999:West
9940:Nila
9935:Teun
9821:Lole
9782:Leti
9626:Ujir
9601:Lola
9596:Kola
9591:Koba
9543:Onin
9411:Sika
9385:Soʼa
9360:Ende
9293:Kodi
9235:Dhao
9230:Hawu
9222:Savu
9194:Bima
9187:Bima
9100:Lawa
9016:Duri
8969:Napu
8959:Bada
8918:Seko
8815:Wotu
8737:Moma
8682:Taje
8579:Muna
8521:Waru
8295:Toba
8285:Karo
8270:Alas
8242:Nias
8232:Gayo
8044:Musi
8039:Lubu
8029:Kubu
8014:Kaur
7983:Haji
7887:Iban
7862:Tsat
7852:Rade
7837:Chru
7747:Sara
7709:Aput
7654:Seru
7624:Ukit
7619:Sian
7141:Sama
7063:Paku
7048:Witu
6776:Buol
5950:Atta
5921:Arta
5899:Yami
5754:Amis
5711:East
5679:Thao
5602:Tsou
5329:Piva
5314:Teop
5279:Hakö
5239:Siar
5101:Kara
5074:Vitu
5069:Bali
5043:Bulu
5038:Bola
4934:Amba
4916:Wala
4901:Sa'a
4841:Gela
4728:Touo
4650:Mono
4600:Duke
4364:has
4338:rau.
4310:kote
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4260:pude
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4120:help
4106:that
4095:asa.
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3991:beto
3975:beto
3950:you.
3947:goi.
3929:lamo
3916:must
3913:kaqu
3881:PREP
3869:you.
3861:stay
3853:time
3814:John
3772:sapu
3749:this
3737:help
3723:John
3704:NSUF
3685:sapu
3662:this
3639:John
3597:sapu
3574:this
3534:kote
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3481:help
3467:John
3448:NSUF
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3406:this
3385:help
3370:NSUF
3364:big-
3356:tree
3353:huda
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3286:that
3283:asa.
3182:vagi
3174:beto
3152:'if'
3149:pude
3141:beto
3112:gina
3090:lit.
3078:girl
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2995:Lopu
2987:sapu
2969:sapu
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2865:Gina
2856:tiqe
2848:pude
2843:'or'
2767:lit.
2717:Esei
2684:esei
2613:CAUS
2530:lahe
2514:rane
2511:rane
2506:Nate
2503:Nate
2429:vetu
2419:POSS
2375:POSS
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2334:and
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2280:buka
2270:POSS
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1529:gada
1508:gequ
1466:POSS
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1454:lose
1439:This
1423:tadi
1416:tadi
1397:tamu
1385:tani
1364:taqa
1322:home
1309:POSS
1286:hore
1276:POSS
1272:nana
1248:nana
1217:nada
1203:mami
1090:-mia
983:asda
954:gamu
947:gamu
940:gamu
926:agoi
912:agoi
897:gami
890:gami
883:gami
869:gita
862:gita
855:gita
841:arau
827:arau
739:/-i/
640:/oi/
636:/au/
632:/ae/
628:/ai/
624:/ei/
582:Low
571:Mid
210:and
13053:Ura
12988:Vao
12777:Epi
12570:Ske
12425:Hiw
12245:Are
12091:Sio
11976:Miu
11945:Wab
11847:Piu
11693:Kis
11349:Gao
11010:Lau
10979:Owa
10746:Aua
10698:Lou
10580:Pom
10328:Mor
9884:Dai
9841:Tii
9563:Aru
9528:Kei
9365:Lio
8767:Uma
7973:Col
6952:Ati
6733:Obo
6581:Ata
6391:Asi
5747:Ami
5429:Gao
4896:Owa
4871:Lau
4605:Gao
4411:at
4386:DL1
4378:AC2
4374:AC1
4332:ABS
4314:FUT
4304:FOC
4284:mae
4255:but
4212:ABS
4202:ERG
4187:3SG
4176:FOC
4141:DUP
4089:DEF
4079:ERG
4064:3SG
4041:FOC
4019:DEF
3941:ABS
3907:FOC
3866:goi
3858:koa
3805:ART
3791:3SG
3776:REL
3767:boy
3758:DEF
3714:ART
3700:3SG
3689:REL
3680:boy
3671:DEF
3630:ART
3616:3SG
3601:REL
3592:boy
3583:DEF
3538:FUT
3528:REL
3519:man
3516:tie
3510:DEF
3458:ART
3444:3SG
3433:REL
3424:boy
3415:DEF
3366:3SG
3347:DEF
3269:DEF
3259:3PL
3249:3SG
3226:FOC
3204:DEF
3194:3PL
3069:DEF
3059:1SG
3055:rau
3049:3SG
3024:3PL
3014:3SG
2999:NEG
2927:NEG
2918:but
2907:mae
2893:FUT
2884:now
2754:FOC
2750:2SG
2740:FOC
2730:2SG
2720:who
2708:vea
2658:uve
2627:DEF
2617:3SG
2605:(2)
2589:2SG
2579:ABS
2575:(si
2563:(1)
2497:ABS
2487:1SG
2483:rau
2478:saw
2423:3PL
2415:dia
2409:DEF
2379:3PL
2371:-di
2355:tie
2274:3SG
2176:ene
2139:ana
1734:1SG
1726:equ
1717:or
1705:edi
1698:ena
1686:emi
1679:emu
1667:eda
1646:equ
1600:2PL
1581:or
1470:3PL
1448:DEF
1436:Hie
1313:2SG
1305:mia
1280:3SG
1255:dia
1236:mia
1229:mua
1196:qua
1153:1SG
1131:3SG
1109:-di
1102:-na
1083:-mu
1071:-da
1050:-qu
969:asa
919:goi
834:rau
537:/r/
177:IPA
151:rug
13941::
12565:Sa
10433:As
10426:As
4401:^
4388:).
4376:,
4328:si
4300:si
4295:it
4292:sa
4263:if
4237:);
4208:se
4197:ri
4191:DO
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4159:go
4156:la
4148:ri
4122:);
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4068:DO
4060:TR
4055:ri
4050:go
4037:1a
4029:si
4023:PL
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3983:Ke
3952:SG
3937:si
3903:si
3877:pa
3871:SG
3795:DO
3787:TR
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3620:DO
3612:TR
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3506:sa
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3411:sa
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3265:sa
3255:ri
3245:TR
3235:go
3232:la
3222:si
3208:PL
3190:ri
3169:so
3166:Ke
3132:si
3118:tu
3065:sa
3045:TR
3020:ri
3010:TR
2915:ba
2840:na
2832:me
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2810:ba
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2676:ae
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2570:go
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1004:ri
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777:→
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634:,
630:,
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327:ⁿd
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420:ɣ
410:z
400:β
376:k
366:t
356:p
293:ŋ
283:n
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197:.
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