236:. The original medieval meaning of 'forest' was similar to a ‘preserve’, for example land that is legally kept for specific purposes such as royal hunting. So ‘forests’ were areas large enough to support species such as wolves and deer for game hunting and they encompassed other habitats such as heaths, open grassland and farmland, so not necessarily extensively wooded. Initial settlement would have been in "booths" or farmsteads and encroachment into the forest would have developed them into small hamlets. Rossendale was governed by a constable nominated by principal landowners who held the position of "The Greave of The Forrest" which after 1515 became a quasi-hereditary position held by the Whitacker family at the only ancient hall in the district: Broadclough Hall.
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of sand and gravel. These rocks were cut by fast flowing rivers, the Irwell and its tributaries, to form steep valleys with sides typically 200 metres (660 ft) high and a narrow valley floor. Tree cover on the steep slopes includes remnants of ancient woodland but most areas are more recently
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and its tributaries which dissect the moorland of the
Rossendale Hills. In the valley bottom, urban settlements grew up at river crossing points between
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was established on the hillside at
Seatnaze around 1511, presumably considered a convenient location for the population at that time.
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had been established along the river. And by the late 19th century it was the valley bottom that had become the population centre.
286:. In 1826 the Haslingden and Todmorden trust built another new road along the valley bottom, from Stacksteads through Thrutch,
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are the dominant buildings and roads are concentrated in the narrow valley. The river has its source on
Deerplay Moor in
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of the
Rossendale Hills, generally characterized by open unwooded land, despite the ancient designation of "forest".
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In 1889, the short-lived
Rossendale Valley Tramways Company was established to operate a route between Bacup and
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One of the earliest sites of historical interest in the valley is that of the dykes at
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520:, Victoria County History, – Constable & Co, pp. 437–441,
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in
Rossendale is characterised by the steep sided valley of the
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Woodland Trust blog/2018/03/difference-between-wood-and-forest
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and today form a contiguous urban and industrial development.
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594:(C2 ed.). 1:50,000. Landranger. Ordnance Survey. 2006.
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In 1507 the land in the Forest of
Rossendale was demised to
498:"History of the County Palatine and the Ducht of Lancaster"
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368:, heading south to Bacup, where it turns to the west past
372:. The valley narrows at Thrutch, and the Irwell collects
556:(Map) (1st ed.). 1 : 10,560. County Series.
579:, Local Transport History Society, 2016, pp. 3–4
517:
The
Victoria History of the County of Lancaster Vol 6
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182:. The area includes the steep-sided valleys of the
250:In 1789 an act authorised the construction of new
388:and then turns back to the south. Collecting the
290:and Newhall Hey. By 1848 a number of woollen and
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514:Farrer, William; Brownbill, John, eds. (1911),
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325:. Geographically, it is sandwiched between the
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321:and Freeholds Top, as well as the summit of
465:, Lancashire County Council, archived from
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254:roads through the district, connecting
977:Geography of the Borough of Rossendale
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403:The geology of the area is layers of
93:Show map of the Borough of Rossendale
424:(1952–2018), professional footballer
270:, with a junction at Haslingden to
16:River valley in Lancashire, England
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982:Mountains and hills of Lancashire
573:Rossendale Valley Tramways Co Ltd
540:The turnpike trusts of Lancashire
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35:The Rawtenstall end of the valley
303:Rawtenstall Corporation Tramways
218:, which are associated with the
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198:), which flow southwards into
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229:, the valley was part of the
202:. The rivers cut through the
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356:and chimneys and gritstone
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178:and the main range of the
90:Location within Rossendale
62:Location within Lancashire
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313:The Forest contains two
592:Blackburn & Burnley
496:Baines, Edward (1836).
174:, England, between the
554:Lancashire and Furness
538:G. H. Tupling (1952),
462:Settled Valleys Irwell
376:shortly afterwards at
107:Rossendale, Lancashire
65:Show map of Lancashire
644:Borough of Rossendale
380:. It flows onward to
987:Moorlands of England
329:to the west and the
234:Forest of Rossendale
220:Battle of Brunanburh
384:where it is met by
274:via Oakenheadwood,
141: /
916:Calf Hey Reservoir
398:Greater Manchester
396:it continues into
327:West Pennine Moors
200:Greater Manchester
176:West Pennine Moors
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963:
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952:Rossendale Valley
854:Brown Wardle Hill
642:Geography of the
601:978-0-319-22829-6
164:Rossendale Valley
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113:Nearest city
24:Rossendale Valley
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937:Haslingden Grane
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469:on 15 April 2014
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145:53.698°N 2.281°W
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864:Hail Storm Hill
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558:Ordnance Survey
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358:terraced houses
319:Hail Storm Hill
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590:"103" (Map).
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331:South Pennines
323:Great Hameldon
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942:Irwell Valley
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859:Hameldon Hill
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354:Textile mills
351:
347:
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339:
338:Irwell Valley
334:
333:to the east.
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299:Crawshawbooth
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932:Alden Valley
885:River Irwell
805:Turn Village
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491:
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473:26 September
471:, retrieved
467:the original
461:
437:
422:Jeff Whalley
402:
342:River Irwell
335:
312:
296:
292:cotton mills
249:
245:a new church
243:farmers and
238:
233:
224:
213:
184:River Irwell
163:
161:
18:
895:River Ogden
869:Musbury Tor
785:Sharneyford
775:Irwell Vale
714:Stacksteads
684:Broadclough
668:Rawtenstall
407:, coal and
394:Irwell Vale
390:River Ogden
382:Rawtenstall
370:Stacksteads
346:Rawtenstall
288:Rawtenstall
280:Stacksteads
227:Middle Ages
216:Broadclough
192:Rawtenstall
188:tributaries
148: /
124:Coordinates
971:Categories
909:Reservoirs
890:Limy Water
840:Topography
795:Strongstry
780:Loveclough
760:Cloughfold
755:Chatterton
663:Haslingden
429:References
386:Limy Water
260:Haslingden
172:Lancashire
168:Rossendale
166:is in the
133:53°41′53″N
117:Manchester
878:Waterways
831:Whitworth
790:Shawforth
750:Britannia
745:Bent Gate
724:Whitworth
719:Waterfoot
709:Newchurch
699:Helmshore
694:Edenfield
526:832215477
412:planted.
405:gritstone
378:Waterfoot
309:Geography
276:Newchurch
272:Todmorden
264:Blackburn
190:(between
136:2°16′52″W
119:, England
824:Parishes
800:Stubbins
770:Goodshaw
740:Balladen
677:Villages
362:Cliviger
315:Marilyns
241:copyhold
225:In late
204:moorland
186:and its
180:Pennines
170:area of
103:Location
925:Valleys
733:Hamlets
560:. 1848.
366:Burnley
268:Whalley
210:History
598:
524:
847:Hills
810:Water
765:Cowpe
658:Bacup
651:Towns
577:(PDF)
364:near
350:Bacup
284:Bacup
262:with
231:Royal
196:Bacup
815:Weir
704:Lumb
596:ISBN
522:OCLC
475:2010
348:and
336:The
282:and
266:and
258:and
256:Bury
194:and
162:The
392:at
973::
506:^
448:^
400:.
317:;
305:.
278:,
222:.
635:e
628:t
621:v
604:.
500:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
