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values the new. The rockist makes Art out of popular music, insists on serious meaning, and demands artists who sing their own songs and play instruments, preferably guitars; the poptimist lets pop be fun and, if not meaningless, slight. The rockist is a purist, the poptimist a pluralist; the rockist is old, the popist is young; the rockist is anti-commercialist, the poptimist could care less.
22:
797:'s terminology) an artistic field of popular music structured around a hierarchy of prestige. In this field, the dominant positions are occupied by the already canonized 'avant-garde' of earlier periods and by the upcoming styles and musicians hailed as the new 'avant-garde' by power-holding critics and reviewers in the field."
655:
Hann says that when writers deal with "upmarket" readership, they "need to be able to justify your coverage, and that thinkpieces hailing the cultural significance of the new pop stars. ... And once you've decided these subjects matter, it's hard to turn round and say: 'Actually, you know what? This
548:
Rob
Horning responded to Rosen's writing with a more negative view of poptimism, writing that it is "sad to think the sharpest critics drowning in self-importance while believing they are shedding themselves of it. Basically by rejecting all that was once deemed important by a previous generation and
537:
In 2006, Morley derided the seriousness of contemporary music writers: "Many of the self-proclaimed
American anti-rockistsâor popists, or poptimists, or pop pricksâactually write with a kind of fussy, self-important rockist sheen. And for all their studious over-analysis, any definition of rockism is
362:
offered a definition of rockists: "Someone who reduces rock 'n' roll to a caricature, then uses that caricature as a weapon. Rockism means idolizing the authentic old legend (or underground hero) while mocking the latest pop star; lionizing punk while barely tolerating disco; loving the live show and
512:
writer Chris
Richards wrote that, after a decade of "righteously vanquishing nagging falsehood", poptimism had become "the prevailing ideology for today's most influential music critics. Few would drop this word in conversation at a house party or a nightclub, but in music-journo circles, the idea
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By its impoverished terms, the rockist represents traditional values of authenticity while the poptimist is progressive, inclusive, and sees through the myths of authenticity. The rockist is nostalgicâthe old fart who says they don't make any good music anymoreâwhile the poptimist looks forward and
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internet journalism that aspired to the lowest common denominator while being hostile to fans of genres and bands associated with rockism. He criticised it for allowing pop music fans to avoid expanding their taste and contrasted the types of music lauded by poptimists with the literature and film
609:", a notion that Loss disputes: "Like film studies, rock criticism of the late '60s and the '70s was an attempt to make popular music worthy of study; it was poptimism before its day. It's somehow become generally accepted that rock criticism before the new millennium was overwhelmingly rockist."
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Loss agreed with
Austerlitz's text: "When wrote that 'music criticism's former priorityâtelling consumers what to purchaseâhas been rendered null and void for most fans. In its stead, I believe, many critics have become cheerleaders for pop stars,' I imagined an editor and a record label exec
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According to Loss, rockism and poptimism are ultimately the same thing, and both rockists and poptimists treat music as a social commodity while mystifying the conditions in which music occurs. He adds that, as is common in "a culture wherein history isn't valued much", poptimism neglects its
286:
championed the post-punk movement in late 1970s, is credited as an influential voice in the development of new pop following the dissipation of post-punk, advocating "overground brightness" over underground sensibilities. Around this time, the term "rockist" gained popularity to disparagingly
792:
Regev elaborates on this in "'Rockization': Diversity within
Similarity in World Popular Music" (2004): "The artistic and cultural status of rock pushed other actors in contemporary popular music to adopt the stylistic and sonic innovations explored by rock musicians and turn them into the
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After the 2000s, the effects of poptimism attracted a belief that once a pop star reaches a certain level of stardom, many critics will safeguard them from negative reviews. Richards argued that poptimism cheerleads the already successful while privileging consensus and smothering dissent.
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the same today as it's always been." That same year, Rosen spoke positively of the new movement but forewarned of possible excesses; that a hierarchy of music biased toward pop is no better than one biased toward rock because both genres have respectable qualities that cannot be ignored.
203:
values into rock music, or the importance of personal expression. Some believed that such values were merely impositions of the cultural establishment. Nonetheless, a widespread belief among music critics in the 1960s and 1970s was that truly artistic music was made by
325:... one or two music journalists writing in the one or two music magazines that existed then were very pleased. I was one of them, and was using the term "rockist" the minute after I read Wylie say it. ... If the idea of rockism confused you, and you lazily thought
636:
swooping down on him saying, 'Don't tell them that!' We like to believe criticism is devoid of crass commercialism, but
Austerlitz gives away that it never was in the first place." He also noted a minuscule number of low-rated albums in publications such as
696:
published an article subtitled "Book criticism needs a poptimist revolution to take down the genre snobs", in which Rachel Kramer
Bussell argued that critics ignore often good work and alienate readers by focusing only on genres considered "literary".
196:. Besides general differences in style, the two words became associated with differing values. Many early rock reporters believed that rock embodied a particular set of values, such as rebelliousness, innovation, seriousness and sociopolitical intent.
660:, where he has "been commissioning those pieces, knowing they will be read ... if no one wanted to read about Taylor Swift, you would never see another thinkpiece about her. Instead, we enter an arms race of hyperbole, as we credit her with forcing
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of rock music among professional critics had created a status structure and orthodoxy that carried over into other developments in popular music through the next century. As examples of this "continuous canonization, Regev cites
475:. In the article, Sanneh asks music listeners to "stop pretending that serious rock songs will last forever, as if anything could, and that shiny pop songs are inherently disposable, as if that were necessarily a bad thing.
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historical precedents. As it presents itself as a radical break in the discourse of popular culture, older rock critics and journalists are usually depicted as "a bunch of bricklayers for the foundations of the
950:
60:, which elevate it over other forms of popular music. So-called "rockists" may promote the artifices stereotyped in rock music or may regard the genre as the normative state of popular music. Poptimism (or
357:
There is no consensus for the definition of "rockism". During the 1990s, rockism was defined as demanding a perception of authenticity in pop music despite whatever artifice is needed. In 2004, the critic
708:: "Love or hate what is called poptimism, the impulse seems to be coming to food and restaurant criticism." Timberg likened food critics defending Fieri to rock critics who "began writing apologias for
95:
using it more seriously in analytical debate. In the 2000s, a critical reassessment of pop music was underway, and by the next decade, poptimism supplanted rockism as the prevailing ideology in popular
600:"Just as 'authenticity' is worthless as a symbol of a music's worth, so contrivance and cynicism might be elevated and celebrated, as evidence of the maker's awareness of the game they are playing."
594:
337:, you were a rockist and you were wrong. ... Anti-rockism was always violently pro-pop, largely because we original campaigning anti-rockists had been given such a tough time at school for liking
590:
is in itself questionable. It reveals not your taste in music, but your prejudices. In the worst-case scenario, you may be revealing your unconscious racism and sexism. At best, you're trolling."
68:
is as worthy of professional critique and interest as rock music. Detractors of poptimism describe it as a counterpart of rockism that unfairly privileges the most famous or best-selling pop,
189:, such magazines began drawing a contrast between "pop" and "rock" (with "rock and roll" now referring to the 1950s style), creating a division that gave generic significance to both terms.
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There is a name for this new critical paradigm, 'popism'âor, more evocatively (and goofily), 'poptimism'âand it sets the old assumptions on their ear: Pop (and, especially,
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praised by book and film critics. "Should gainfully employed adults whose job is to listen to music thoughtfully really agree so regularly with the taste of 13-year-olds?"
192:"Pop" became associated with music that was more commercial, ephemeral, and accessible. "Rock" became associated with a style that was usually heavier and centered on the
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being shielded from negative reviews as part of an effort to maintain a consensus of uncritical excitement. Others argue that the two ideologies have similar flaws.
772:
568:"The solo release by the member of a manufactured group is no longer the sad addendum to the imperial years; it is a profound statement of artistic integrity."
564:, argued that "the poptimists are just as proscriptive as the rockists". He listed the following as a few poptimist "sacred cows, which are beyond challenge":
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Robert Loss wrote that "traditionalism" describes the policing of the present with the past, making it a better word for "rockism". The design critic and
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While poptimism was envisioned and encouraged as a corrective to rockist attitudes, opponents of its discourse argue that it has resulted in certain
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91:. The term was not generally used beyond the music press until the mid 2000s, and its emergence then was partly attributable to
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After Sanneh published his 2004 article, an argument about rockism developed in various web circles. In 2006, music journalist
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and as worthy of professional critique and interest. It positions itself as an antidote to rockism and developed following
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684:
s
Elisabeth Donnely said that literary criticism "needs a poptimist revolution" to understand literary phenomena such as
451:
of pop and optimism, is a mode of discourse which holds that pop music deserves the same respect as rock music and is as
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533:(left), a longtime critic of rockism, argued that many of poptimism's traits were indistinguishable from rockism.
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noted the growing backlash against rock's traditional critical acclaim and the new poptimism ideology. By 2015,
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593:"Commercial success, in and of itself, should be taken as at least one of the markers of quality. After all,
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embracing the opposite, you can make the case for your own importance. This is not optimism, it's reaction."
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493:'; which do you hear more often?" Loss cited Sanneh's article as "a sort of ur-text on poptimism", writing:
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using traditional rock instruments on long-playing albums, and that pop was on a lower aesthetic plane, a "
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conventional way of making music. In other words, the canonization of rock triggered the emergence of (in
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label to identify and critique a cluster of beliefs and assumptions in music criticism. Morley recalled:
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1615:"Simon Pegg has a Franzen moment: Book criticism needs a poptimist revolution to take down genre snobs"
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in 2016, Scott
Timberg commented on critics giving increasing amounts of respect to the celebrity chef
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acknowledged the loose definition of rockism and proposed: "Rockism, let's say, is treating rock as
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141:, pictured in 2005, became one of the first professional rock and pop critics. He later criticised
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Regev, Motti (2004). "'Rockization': Diversity within
Similarity in World Popular Music". In
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of popular music: the kind to which everything else is compared, explicitly or implicitly."
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genres emerged, informed by a desire for experimentation, creativity and forward movement.
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571:"The surprise release by the big-name act is in itself, a revolutionary act."
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Pop Music: Technology and Creativity: Trevor Horn and the Digital Revolution
411:, which holds that artists who do not paint or sculpt are not true artists.
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hating the music video; extolling the growling performer while hating the
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Good Vibrations: Brian Wilson and the Beach Boys in Critical Perspective
287:
describe music that privileged traditionalist rock styles. According to
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1596:"Why Book Criticism and Literary Culture Needs a Poptimist Revolution"
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2006:
1991:
1966:
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923:"The Perils of Poptimism - Does hating rock make you a music critic?"
761:
705:
628:
583:
400:
364:
334:
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125:
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Yeah! Yeah! Yeah!: The Story of Pop Music from Bill Haley to Beyoncé
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isn't much cop.'" He describes his experience as music editor for
296:
s Jess Harvel: "If new pop had an architect, it was Paul Morley."
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3358:
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3205:
3000:
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422:
318:
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433:, and ascribing shame to pop pleasure is itself a shameful act.
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996:"No Apologies: A Critique of the Rockist v. Poptimist Paradigm"
79:
The term "rockism" was coined in 1981 by English rock musician
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announced his Race Against Rockism campaign, an inversion of
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21:
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309:"Rockism" was coined in 1981 when the English rock musician
268:
Following the emergence of punk rock in the late 1970s, the
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1387:
Global America?: The Cultural Consequences of Globalization
1024:"Is Poptimism Now As Blinkered As The Rockism It Replaced?"
221:
Global America?: The Cultural Consequences of Globalization
1259:
Rock Eras: Interpretations of Music and Society, 1954â1984
2219:
1657:
Are We Not New Wave?: Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s
367:." He accused rockists of sexism, racism and homophobia.
1117:"Rolling Stone Presents Twenty Years of Rock & Roll"
159:". From the 1960s to the 1970s, music magazines such as
690:
and better connect with the reading audience. In 2015,
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773:
Writing about music is like dancing about architecture
723:
232:'s decade-end "Consumer Guide" collections (for the
407:compared rockism to the international art movement
1280:
1145:
951:"Do you want poptimism? Or do you want the truth?"
1440:In Their Own Write: Adventures in the Music Press
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
147:for promoting the "boring rock-as-idealism myth".
87:used humorously by self-described "anti-rockist"
4152:
668:, creating new paradigms in music and society."
627:s Saul Austerlitz called poptimism a product of
1354:Aesthetics of Music: Musicological Perspectives
664:to change its streaming terms, dismantling the
1612:
1330:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 7â8.
933:
425:) producers are as important as rock auteurs,
280:, whose writing in the British music magazine
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1631:
815:
813:
223:(2004), the sociologist Motti Regev says the
199:Not all critics supported the integration of
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981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
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558:in 2017, Michael Hann, the music editor for
299:
29:is credited with coining "rockism" in 1981.
1152:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.
1139:
1137:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
469:and Sanneh's 2004 essay against rockism in
317:. The term was immediately repurposed as a
4049:
4035:
3111:
3097:
1738:
1724:
1570:
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1385:; Sznaider, Natan; Winter, Rainer (eds.).
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1093:
1089:
1087:
1085:
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1017:
1015:
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1011:
810:
179:worthy of study. Following the release of
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1177:
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1173:
1114:
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516:
429:is as worthy of serious consideration as
16:Ideological arguments in music journalism
1593:
1552:"'Poptimism' The Death of Pop Criticism"
1376:
1374:
1134:
1069:
948:
905:
884:
882:
880:
878:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
837:
822:"Taylor Swift leads poptimism's rebirth"
712:and composed learned deconstructions of
525:
133:
20:
1711:"Gallery of Rockism" in rockcritics.com
1613:Kramer Bussell, Rachel (May 19, 2015).
1594:Donnelly, Elisabeth (August 28, 2014).
1549:
1466:
1323:
1284:The Cambridge Companion to Pop and Rock
1082:
1072:"Have We Reached the End of Poptimism?"
1042:
1008:
819:
521:
333:, and that good music had stopped with
115:
4153:
1583:from the original on October 31, 2015.
1499:
1462:
1460:
1436:
1350:
1289:. Cambridge University Press. p.
1170:
1094:Lobenfield, Clair (January 12, 2016).
901:from the original on November 5, 2015.
888:
857:
4030:
3092:
1719:
1380:
1371:
1278:
1209:
1203:
1143:
920:
875:
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186:Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
2963:Rock music and the fall of communism
1632:Scott Timberg (September 21, 2016).
1261:(Madison, WI: Popular Press, 1987),
1181:
1021:
993:
752:Honorific nicknames in popular music
1457:
1115:Christgau, Robert (November 1989).
1070:Harvilla, Rob (November 16, 2017).
889:Sanneh, Kelefa (October 31, 2004).
513:of poptimism itself is holy writ."
386:. In the rockist view, rock is the
13:
4056:
1647:
1573:"The Pernicious Rise of Poptimism"
1571:Austerlitz, Saul (April 6, 2014).
1420:"Now That's What I Call New Pop!".
1317:
1213:Prog: Una suite lunga mezzo secolo
949:Richards, Chris (April 16, 2015).
612:
447:Poptimism (also called popism), a
14:
4202:
1704:
1527:"2010s: Lips In The Streetlights"
820:Gormely, Ian (December 3, 2014).
747:Classificatory disputes about art
155:" was synonymous with "rock" or "
3070:
3059:
3058:
994:Loss, Robert (August 10, 2015).
863:"Rockism - it's the new rockism"
726:
40:are ideological arguments about
2881:Progressive rock (radio format)
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1606:
1587:
1564:
1543:
1519:
1493:
1344:
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1251:
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786:
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329:were automatically better than
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1357:. Routledge. pp. 33, 36.
1063:
1022:Hann, Michael (May 11, 2017).
485:was released the same year as
1:
3118:
1689:The Barnes & Noble Review
1684:"Anti-Rockism's Hall of Fame"
1550:Horning, Rob (May 11, 2006).
1467:Raggett, Ned (June 1, 2005).
1324:Lambert, Philip, ed. (2016).
1148:The Oxford Companion to Music
1096:"Poptimism Isn't the Problem"
1049:. W. W. Norton. p. 286.
804:
595:50m Elvis fans can't be wrong
48:. Rockism is the belief that
3241:Contemporary Christian music
1662:University of Michigan Press
1240:(Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003),
414:
7:
3937:
2911:List of years in rock music
1577:The New York Times Magazine
921:Rosen, Jody (May 9, 2006).
719:
10:
4207:
3016:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
1634:"The Fieri-ssance is here"
1443:. Sanctuary. p. 281.
607:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
304:
261:
257:
119:
110:
52:depends on values such as
4132:
4064:
3908:
3728:
3539:
3491:
3463:
3456:
3152:
3126:
3054:
2983:
2938:Electronics in rock music
2889:
2843:
2818:
2792:
2641:
2604:Hard rock and heavy metal
2397:
2329:
2264:
2257:
2207:
2131:
2098:Pub rock (United Kingdom)
2030:
1864:
1816:
1801:
1753:
891:"The Rap Against Rockism"
300:Definitions and etymology
215:In an essay published in
2916:Origins of rock and roll
1654:Cateforis, Theo (2011).
1351:Downes, Stephen (2014).
1187:"Thinking About Rockism"
779:
767:Middle of the road music
251:All Time Top 1000 Albums
171:laid the foundation for
44:prevalent in mainstream
2856:Adult album alternative
1391:Oxford University Press
1144:Gloag, Kenneth (2001).
621:New York Times Magazine
173:popular music criticism
151:Until the late 1960s, "
4072:Architecture criticism
3962:Popular music pedagogy
2948:Rock Against Communism
2347:Brazilian thrash metal
1216:(in Italian). Arcana.
1210:Zoppo, Donato (2014).
534:
517:Criticism of poptimism
500:
435:
355:
175:in an attempt to make
148:
30:
4114:Video game journalism
4097:Rockism and poptimism
3967:Rockism and poptimism
2970:Rockism and poptimism
2430:British rock and roll
1437:Gorman, Paul (2001).
1043:Stanley, Bob (2014).
529:
495:
466:Let's Talk About Love
419:
323:
137:
120:Further information:
64:) is the belief that
24:
4119:Visual art criticism
4104:Television criticism
3957:Pop music automation
2805:Sahara desert region
2093:Pub rock (Australia)
1509:Aiga Design Archives
1503:(November 5, 2004).
1427:. 12 September 2005.
687:Fifty Shades of Grey
522:Overlap with rockism
116:Early rock criticism
4191:Music controversies
4166:Philosophy of music
3947:Honorific nicknames
3194:Paisley Underground
2996:List of rock genres
2958:Rock Against Sexism
2953:Rock Against Racism
2861:Album-oriented rock
955:The Washington Post
742:Hierarchy of genres
574:"To not care about
315:Rock Against Racism
83:. It soon became a
4176:1981 introductions
4087:Literary criticism
3162:Adult contemporary
1279:Frith, S. (2001).
895:The New York Times
666:musical patriarchy
535:
487:the Sugarhill Gang
472:The New York Times
206:singer-songwriters
149:
31:
4148:
4147:
4109:Theatre criticism
4024:
4023:
4006:Verseâchorus form
3952:Music and fashion
3904:
3903:
3611:Hong Kong English
3457:Regional variants
3127:Stylistic origins
3086:
3085:
3011:Progressive music
2839:
2838:
2277:Palm Desert Scene
2253:
2252:
1927:Experimental rock
1824:Instrumental rock
1682:(July 24, 2014).
1680:Christgau, Robert
1671:978-0-472-03470-3
1515:on April 5, 2007.
1481:on March 31, 2017
1450:978-1-86074-341-2
1364:978-1-136-48691-3
1337:978-0-472-11995-0
1269:, pp. 68â73.
1223:978-88-6231-639-2
1056:978-0-393-24270-6
734:Rock music portal
431:Bruce Springsteen
89:music journalists
4198:
4092:Music journalism
4051:
4044:
4037:
4028:
4027:
3940:
3740:Balkan pop-folk
3461:
3460:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3074:
3062:
3061:
2931:Rhythm and blues
2906:British Invasion
2262:
2261:
2139:Alternative rock
2078:Post-progressive
1987:Psychedelic rock
1982:Progressive rock
1814:
1813:
1810:
1804:decade of origin
1740:
1733:
1726:
1717:
1716:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1675:
1642:
1641:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1511:. Archived from
1505:"Design Rockism"
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1477:. Archived from
1464:
1455:
1454:
1434:
1428:
1416:
1405:
1404:
1378:
1369:
1368:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1288:
1276:
1270:
1255:
1249:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1199:on June 4, 2005.
1195:. Archived from
1179:
1168:
1167:
1151:
1141:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1091:
1080:
1079:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1019:
1006:
1005:
991:
966:
965:
963:
961:
946:
931:
930:
918:
903:
902:
886:
873:
872:
861:(May 25, 2006).
855:
832:
831:
817:
798:
790:
736:
731:
730:
729:
683:
626:
547:
491:Rapper's Delight
443:
398:
377:
295:
230:Robert Christgau
139:Robert Christgau
122:Music journalism
46:music journalism
4206:
4205:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4186:1981 neologisms
4171:Music criticism
4151:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4140:Arts journalism
4128:
4077:Dance criticism
4060:
4055:
4025:
4020:
3900:
3808:French Mandopop
3724:
3535:
3509:Brazilian (MPB)
3487:
3452:
3148:
3139:Traditional pop
3122:
3117:
3087:
3082:
3050:
2979:
2899:
2885:
2871:Mainstream rock
2835:
2814:
2788:
2637:
2393:
2325:
2258:Regional scenes
2249:
2203:
2127:
2068:Industrial rock
2026:
1922:Electronic rock
1860:
1808:
1807:(sub-subgenres
1806:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1776:Electric guitar
1749:
1744:
1707:
1694:
1692:
1672:
1650:
1648:Further reading
1645:
1630:
1626:
1611:
1607:
1592:
1588:
1569:
1565:
1548:
1544:
1535:
1533:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1474:Stylus Magazine
1465:
1458:
1451:
1435:
1431:
1424:Pitchfork Media
1417:
1408:
1401:
1393:. p. 225.
1379:
1372:
1365:
1349:
1345:
1338:
1322:
1318:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1277:
1273:
1256:
1252:
1248:, pp. 3â4.
1235:
1231:
1224:
1208:
1204:
1185:(May 4, 2005).
1180:
1171:
1164:
1142:
1135:
1125:
1123:
1113:
1109:
1092:
1083:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1041:
1037:
1020:
1009:
992:
969:
959:
957:
947:
934:
919:
906:
887:
876:
856:
835:
818:
811:
807:
802:
801:
791:
787:
782:
732:
727:
725:
722:
681:
674:
624:
615:
613:Commercial bias
545:
524:
519:
509:Washington Post
445:
437:
417:
396:
375:
307:
302:
293:
266:
260:
210:guilty pleasure
194:electric guitar
132:
118:
113:
98:music criticism
17:
12:
11:
5:
4204:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4089:
4084:
4082:Film criticism
4079:
4074:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4058:Arts criticism
4054:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4031:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3977:Talent manager
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3912:
3910:
3909:Related topics
3906:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3881:
3879:SFR Yugoslavia
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3850:
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3827:
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3670:
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3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3396:Schlager music
3393:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3351:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3334:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Brill Building
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
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3147:
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3136:
3130:
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3115:
3108:
3101:
3093:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3068:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3041:Wagnerian rock
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3006:Outlaw country
3003:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2943:Social effects
2940:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2913:
2908:
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2900:
2898:
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2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2616:Neo-rockabilly
2613:
2612:
2611:
2601:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
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2209:
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2156:
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2146:
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2133:
2129:
2128:
2126:
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2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:Heartland rock
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1907:Christian rock
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1872:Anatolian rock
1868:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1836:
1831:
1826:
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1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1786:Rhythm section
1783:
1778:
1768:
1763:
1757:
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1728:
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1706:
1705:External links
1703:
1702:
1701:
1676:
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1649:
1646:
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1624:
1605:
1586:
1563:
1542:
1531:Tiny Mix Tapes
1518:
1492:
1456:
1449:
1429:
1418:Harvel, Jess.
1406:
1399:
1370:
1363:
1343:
1336:
1316:
1299:
1271:
1257:J. M. Curtis,
1250:
1229:
1222:
1202:
1192:Seattle Weekly
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569:
541:A week later,
523:
520:
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482:Into the Music
459:'s book about
418:
416:
413:
388:standard state
372:Seattle Weekly
306:
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25:Rock musician
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3599:Zhongguo feng
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3144:Rock and roll
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3134:Tin Pan Alley
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3046:Wall of Sound
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3026:Rock festival
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2330:South America
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2265:North America
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2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:Southern rock
2010:
2008:
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1932:Flamenco rock
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1839:Rock and roll
1837:
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1809:not included)
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1781:Electric bass
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1312:Rock heavier.
1302:
1300:0-521-55660-0
1296:
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1267:0-87972-369-6
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1246:0-7546-3132-X
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1183:Wolk, Douglas
1178:
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1163:0-19-866212-2
1159:
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1101:Village Voice
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689:
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679:
669:
667:
663:
659:
653:
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647:
646:
641:
640:
639:Rolling Stone
633:
630:
623:
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368:
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360:Kelefa Sanneh
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207:
202:
197:
195:
190:
188:
187:
183:' 1967 album
182:
178:
177:popular music
174:
170:
169:
164:
163:
162:Rolling Stone
158:
157:rock and roll
154:
146:
145:
144:Rolling Stone
140:
136:
131:
127:
123:
108:
106:
101:
99:
94:
90:
86:
82:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
42:popular music
39:
35:
28:
23:
19:
4096:
4011:Virtual band
3982:Talent agent
3966:
3492:The Americas
3401:Sophisti-pop
3295:Experimental
3075:
3063:
3031:Rock musical
3021:Rock concert
2969:
2866:Classic rock
2595:Yugoslavian
2440:Post-Britpop
2321:Puerto Rican
2314:Chicano rock
2194:Slacker rock
1917:Country rock
1882:Baroque rock
1693:. Retrieved
1687:
1656:
1637:
1627:
1618:
1608:
1599:
1589:
1576:
1566:
1555:
1545:
1534:. Retrieved
1530:
1521:
1513:the original
1508:
1501:Currie, Nick
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1479:the original
1472:
1439:
1432:
1422:
1386:
1383:Beck, Ulrich
1353:
1346:
1326:
1319:
1311:
1304:. Retrieved
1285:
1282:
1274:
1258:
1253:
1237:
1232:
1212:
1205:
1197:the original
1190:
1147:
1124:. Retrieved
1121:Video Review
1120:
1110:
1099:
1075:
1065:
1045:
1038:
1027:
999:
960:November 19,
958:. Retrieved
954:
926:
894:
868:The Guardian
866:
859:Morley, Paul
827:The Guardian
825:
788:
757:Classic rock
701:
700:Writing for
699:
692:
685:
676:
675:
672:Other fields
658:The Guardian
657:
654:
649:
643:
637:
634:
629:click-driven
619:
616:
603:
576:Taylor Swift
561:The Guardian
559:
553:
552:Writing for
551:
542:
540:
536:
507:
501:
496:
480:
477:Van Morrison
470:
464:
446:
436:
420:
391:
387:
383:
380:Douglas Wolk
370:
369:
356:
331:Gang of Four
324:
308:
288:
281:
267:
249:
246:Colin Larkin
220:
214:
201:high culture
198:
191:
184:
166:
160:
150:
142:
102:
78:
61:
54:authenticity
37:
33:
32:
18:
3931:Teenybopper
3926:Sasaeng fan
3921:Bobby soxer
3675:Kazakhstani
3668:Shibuya-kei
3604:Chinoiserie
3557:Azerbaijani
3443:Traditional
3391:Psychedelic
3386:Progressive
3251:Bro-country
3189:Alternative
3172:Quiet storm
2876:Modern rock
2851:Active rock
2831:New Zealand
2659:Bangladeshi
2654:Azerbaijani
2289:Costa Rican
2245:Viking rock
2235:Stoner rock
2154:Gothic rock
1977:Occult rock
1952:Heavy metal
1942:Garage rock
1912:Comedy rock
1902:Chamber pop
1897:Boogie rock
1236:T. Warner,
1029:The Quietus
555:The Quietus
531:Paul Morley
461:Celine Dion
457:Carl Wilson
449:portmanteau
405:Nick Currie
365:lip-syncher
278:Paul Morley
217:Ulrich Beck
181:the Beatles
4161:Rock music
4155:Categories
3999:Girl group
3972:Songwriter
3830:Macedonian
3803:French pop
3764:Turbo-folk
3720:Vietnamese
3710:Philippine
3638:Indonesian
3426:Electropop
3337:Orchestral
3310:Hypnagogic
3285:Disco polo
3036:Rock opera
2991:Beatlesque
2826:Australian
2745:Rock kapak
2728:Visual kei
2708:Indonesian
2551:Portuguese
2536:Macedonian
2531:Lithuanian
2410:Belarusian
2389:Venezuelan
2374:Ecuadorian
2357:TropicĂĄlia
2352:Samba rock
2184:Rock kapak
2174:Jangle pop
2169:Indie rock
2123:Yacht rock
2118:Visual kei
2108:Shock rock
2048:Dance-rock
2038:Arena rock
2022:Swamp rock
2017:Space rock
2002:Samba rock
1997:Roots rock
1972:Noise rock
1892:Blues rock
1887:Beat music
1856:Surf music
1851:Rockabilly
1829:Latin rock
1766:Distortion
1754:Components
1747:Rock music
1600:Flavorwire
1557:PopMatters
1536:2022-03-09
1485:August 27,
1400:1781386668
1076:The Ringer
1001:PopMatters
805:References
710:Billy Joel
678:Flavorwire
650:PopMatters
588:Zayn Malik
543:PopMatters
504:Jody Rosen
442:, May 2006
440:Jody Rosen
393:PopMatters
327:Pink Floyd
311:Pete Wylie
272:and later
262:See also:
225:canonising
85:pejorative
81:Pete Wylie
58:artfulness
50:rock music
27:Pete Wylie
4181:Pop music
4016:Worldbeat
3989:Teen idol
3916:Celebrity
3896:Ukrainian
3889:VIA music
3820:Hungarian
3793:Eurodance
3781:Nederbeat
3736:Austropop
3705:Pakistani
3700:Malaysian
3658:KayĆkyoku
3531:Nueva ola
3504:Argentine
3476:Afrobeats
3431:Futurepop
3421:Synth-pop
3406:Space age
3369:Pop metal
3278:Freestyle
3268:Dancehall
3231:Bubblegum
3167:Christian
3120:Pop music
2774:Taiwanese
2757:Pakistani
2740:Malaysian
2668:1959â1975
2664:Cambodian
2626:Post-punk
2591:Ukrainian
2571:Slovenian
2541:Norwegian
2511:Icelandic
2506:Hungarian
2469:Nederbeat
2384:Uruguayan
2369:Colombian
2342:Brazilian
2337:Argentine
2299:Dominican
2240:Sufi rock
2230:Post-rock
2225:Math rock
2199:Trop rock
2149:Dream pop
2144:Deathrock
2113:Soft rock
2103:Punk rock
2088:Power pop
2083:Post-punk
2058:Glam rock
2053:Funk rock
2043:Cock rock
2007:Soft rock
1992:Raga rock
1967:Krautrock
1962:Jazz rock
1947:Hard rock
1937:Folk rock
1802:Genres by
1771:Rock band
1695:March 22,
1469:"Rockism"
762:Power pop
706:Guy Fieri
645:Pitchfork
584:Lady Gaga
463:'s album
453:authentic
415:Poptimism
403:musician
401:indie pop
384:normative
319:polemical
290:Pitchfork
274:post-punk
126:Album era
105:pop stars
66:pop music
38:poptimism
4133:See also
4123:Feminist
3994:Boy band
3859:Schlager
3842:Romanian
3648:Japanese
3631:Hindutva
3582:Mandopop
3567:Cantopop
3552:Assyrian
3519:Tropipop
3499:American
3481:Moroccan
3411:Sunshine
3374:Pop-punk
3354:Pop rock
3332:Operatic
3305:Hyperpop
3177:Rhythmic
3065:Category
2752:Nepalese
2723:Japanese
2679:Filipino
2649:Armenian
2621:New wave
2599:Art rock
2556:Romanian
2481:Estonian
2464:Indorock
2449:Croatian
2405:Albanian
2379:Peruvian
2284:Canadian
2272:American
2189:Shoegaze
2179:Rap rock
2073:New wave
1877:Art rock
1834:Pop rock
1791:Drum kit
1761:Backbeat
1581:Archived
1126:April 2,
899:Archived
795:Bourdieu
720:See also
409:Stuckism
345:and not
270:new wave
130:Art rock
93:bloggers
3874:Turkish
3869:Swedish
3864:Serbian
3854:Russian
3835:Äalgija
3825:Italian
3798:Europop
3786:New pop
3771:British
3759:Tallava
3679:Korean
3663:RyĆ«kĆka
3643:Iranian
3621:Bhangra
3577:Hokkien
3562:Chinese
3524:Mexican
3349:Pop rap
3342:Baroque
3246:Country
3236:Chamber
3201:Ambient
3001:Motorik
2984:Related
2896:Culture
2893:History
2819:Oceania
2810:Zambian
2800:Angolan
2784:Turkish
2769:Russian
2718:Israeli
2713:Iranian
2696:Bengali
2684:Bisrock
2674:Chinese
2581:Swedish
2576:Spanish
2566:Serbian
2561:Russian
2526:Latvian
2521:Italian
2486:Finnish
2435:Britpop
2425:British
2420:Bosnian
2415:Belgian
2364:Chilean
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